Session5 EuropeanDirectives ATEX

RegulationsinEuropeBeforeATEX
Before1978eachEuropeancountryhaditsownstandardforHazardousLocationequipment equipment,orit acceptedoneormoreofthestandardsfromanothercountry.In1978,thefirstsetofEuropeanstandards forelectricalproductsforuseinhazardousareas(basedonthefirstECdirective)wereissuedbasedona collectiveworkofallpriorstandardsforuseinalllistedEuropeanCommunity(EC)countries.Thiswasthe frameworkcalledtheDresdenagreementtoharmonizestandardsinECcountries. Electrical equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres were certified by a Stateapproved body often referred as the "Laboratory" when it meets the relevant European standards (EN 50014 and upwards) Such equipment was then issued with a European uropean certificate of conformity, entitling it to carry the distinctive Epsilon x mark. This mark opened the way to trading within the European Union and even on occasion outside it. This system had now been in operation for many years. Although largely beneficial, it has certain drawbacks, notably t bl a lack l k of f flexibility fl ibilit and d the th absence b of f a global l b l concept t for f safety. f t Certificates C tifi t of f conformity f it to t harmonized standards obtained in compliance with previous directives were valid until June 30 2003, but their validity only covered conformity to the harmonized standards specified in these directives. Application of directive 94/9/EC before the 01 July 2003 was made on a voluntary basis but has been mandatory since this date in all the European Union (old EC) and countries part of the European Free Trade Association.

RegulationsinEuropeBeforeATEX
TheATEXdirective,94/9/ECExplosiveAtmospheresDirective(ATEX)coversallequipmentthatisintendedfor useinpotentiallyexplosiveatmospheres.AllHazardousLocationequipmentinstalledandusedintheECmust fulfilltheessentialhealthandsafetyrequirementsrelatingtothedesignandconstructionofequipmentand protective i systemsintended i d dfor f usein i potentially i ll explosive l i atmospheres. h The h manufacturer f of fthe h equipment i mayassumethatthisisthecaseifitisdesignedandcertifiedtoharmonizewithEuropeanStandardsorNorms (EN).Thisdirectivebecameapplicablein1996andhasatransitionperiodthatendedJune30,2003.Today,all productsusedintheECmustconformtotherequirementsoftheATEXdirective. InordertoobtainCENELECcertificationtotheATEXdirective,themanufacturingfacilitymustfirsthavean ISOcertified,qualitysystem.Thefacilitymustundergoaqualitysystemaudittoverifythefacilityis continuallyadheringtotheISOqualityprocedures,includingthespecialqualityrequirementswhichbelong toexplosionprotection.ATEXdefinesthebasictechnicalrequirementsofequipmentandtheprotection methodswithwhichtheapparatusisbroughttomarket.Thesafetylevelsorrequirementsarenotlimited totheexistingEuropeanStandards.ElectricalapparatuswhichdoesnotcomplywiththeEuropean Standardsbutwhichprovidesanequallevelofsafetycannowbecertifiedbyatestlab.

ATEXDirectiveBackground
TheATEXdirective94/9/ECstipulatesatypeexaminationforexplosionproofelectricaldevicesof categories1and2(seeSection2.1.1).Themanufacturermustprovidealltechnicaldocumentsrequired forthetest,andalsospecimendevicesifapplicable,toasocalledNotifiedBody.Followingsuccessful testing,anECtypeexaminationcertificateisissuedonwhichallinformationandparameters compulsoryforuseinhazardousareasarecertified.TheECtypeexaminationcertificatecontainsall informationrequiredforexplosionprotection,andisthebasisfortheoperationandconnectionof severalelectricaldevicesinthehazardouszones0and1. AccordingtotheATEXdirective,anECtypeexaminationcertificateisnot maditoryfordevicesofcategory3asspecifiedforuseinZone2,andthe issuingthereofisnotpermissibleeither.Insteadofthis,themanufacturer shouldissueadeclaration(ECcertificateofconformity)confirming compliancewiththeATEXdirectiveandtheharmonizedstandards applicabletothesedevices.However,plantusersoccasionallyrequesta testcertificatefromanindependentorganizationforthesedevicesas well,orthemanufacturerwishestocarryoutsuchatestforself protection. Varioustestcompaniesprovidetheirowncertificationinsuchcases followingtestingofthedeviceswhichthenhaveanonofficialname,e.g. conformitystatementorsimilar.Itshouldagainbeexplicitlymentioned thatthisisnotmanditory yintheATEXguideline. g Onthecontrary, y onehas intentionallyleftthedevicemanufacturerswithmorefreedomforown responsibilityinordertosimplifyaccesstomarkets.

ATEXDirective(ATEX94/9/EC)
TheATEXDirectiveSummary: Thedirectivemakesnoreferencestoproductstandards. Itdefinesbasichealthandsafetyrequirements Itapplies li to t both b thelectrical l t i land dnonelectrical l t i lequipment. i t Itappliestoenvironmentswhicharepotentiallyexplosiveduetogas and dusthazards. Ittakesintoconsiderationallpotentialhazardsequipmentmaycause Itappliestobothminesandsurfaceindustries. ItrecognizestheEuropeanStandardsCommittee(CEN)andtheEuropeanCommitteefor ElectrotechnicalStandardization(CENELEC) ascompetentbodiestodefinetherequired harmonizedstandards.

The major difference between the old way of testing and applying electrical equipment for hazardous areas is now saying that they do not have to be anymore in compliance with a series of standards as in the past with the old approach but to satisfy essential Health and Safety requirements which is the is the spirit of the new approach directive, in effect allowing an easier means to market for manufacturers approach and more flexibility for users of EX equipment If in fact harmonized standards do not exist for a product, then other standards may be applied such as a country specific standard.

ATEXDirective(ATEX94/9/EC)
ATEX=AtmosphresExplosibles SinceJuly y1st 2003, ,itisillegal g tosellequipment q p thatdoesn'thavetheCE markingwithintheEC Totalharmonizationismandatory EffectsAllRecognizedHazardousLocations flammablegases,vapors,mists dusts

ATEXDirective(ATEX94/9/EC)
Equipmentcategories Coalmining(2Zones) SurfaceIndustries(3Zones) Zones ) NoLocalCountryStandardsPermitted MustBeInComplianceWithAllEUDirectives EMC LV EMC, LV,St Static ti GreaterEmphasisOnComplianceAndFollowupInspection

ATEXDirective(ATEX94/9/EC)
ExemptionstotheATEXDirective. Medicaldevicesintendedforuseinamedicalenvironment. Equipmentandprotectivesystemswheretheexplosionhazardsresultexclusivelyfromthe presenceofexplosivesubstancesorunstablechemicalsubstances substances. Equipmentintendedforuseindomesticandnoncommercialenvironments. Personalprotectiveequipmentcoveredbydirective89/686/EEC. Seagoingvesselsandmobileoffshoreunits(suchassemisubmersibleplatforms,drillingjackup platforms),alreadycoveredbytheIMOconvention.Fixedplatforms,FPSOandotherunitsnot intendedfornavigationonhighseasarenotexemptfromATEX. Meansoftransport,exceptforvehiclesintendedforuseinapotentiallyexplosiveatmosphere. NotExempt. Exempt. NotExempt.

ATEXDirectiveImpactonNon ElectricalComponents..
TheATEXguideline94/9/ECrefersgenerallyto"Equipmentandprotectivesystemsfor normaloperationinhazardousareas".Thisincludeselectricalaswellasnonelectrical equipment Typicalnonelectricalequipmentwhichmaypresentapotentialdanger equipment. includemotors,gearunits,valves,rollers,lightmetalparts,unitswhichincludesources ofheatorwhichcouldoverheatetc.Theprocedureamongthenamedpartiesand agreeduponwiththemanufacturerscurrentlyenvisagesthatadetailedriskanalysis accordingtotheEN134631standardiscarriedoutbythemanufacturerforallnon electricalequipmentdefinedforuseinZone1or2.Thecorrespondingdocumentswill bedepositedthereinagreementwithanamedparty.Theproductsmaybemarketed withaconformitydeclarationiftheyhavebeenassessedasbeingsufficientlysafe accordingtotheresultoftheriskanalysis.However,aprototypetestsimilartothatfor electricalequipmentisessentialforproductsdefinedforuseinZone0.Theassociated testingagency(namedparty)thenalsoissuesanECTypeExaminationCertificateforit.

ATEXDirective(ATEX94/9/EC) ItemswithintheScope
Apartfromtheobviousproductssuchaselectricalswitchingdevicesandheatproducingdevices,what specificproductsneedcertificationtotheATEXDirective? GasDispensers VBelts,Fans,Wheels Madebesoldasordinarypartswithoutaconformityassessment,inwhichcasethe manufactureroftheassemblymustassessthemforcompliance DieselEngines ForkLiftTrucks GasTurbines Suppliers,installeranduserjointlyresponsible

ATEXDirectiveImpactonNon ElectricalComponents.. p
EN134631 GeneralRequirements Compliancewithrelevantclauses Canjustcomplywiththisstandard Ignitionhazardassesment Marking Instructions EN134635:2003c ConstructionalSafety Goodengineeringprinciplestolimittheriskof Mechanicalfailure Sealsformovingparts Lubricants Bearings PowerTransmissionsystems GearDrives BeltDrives ChainDrives Hydrostatic,hydrokinetic&pneumaticequipment Clutches&couplings Brakes ConveyorBelts

ATEXDirective(ATEX94/9/EC) Assemblydefinition
Anassemblyformedbycombiningtwoormorepiecesofequipmenthastobeconsideredasa productfallingunderdirective94/9/ECprovidedthatthisassemblyisplacedonthemarket and/or / p putintoserviceby yaresponsible p p person( (whowillthenbethemanufacturerofthat assembly)asasinglefunctionalunit. ATEXGuidelinessection3.7.5paragraph1

Otherwise,itisaninstallationandoutsideATEX94/9/EC

ATEXDirective(ATEX94/9/EC) Assemblydefinition Situation1

Itisintendedforuseinahazardousarea,e.g.
conveyormadefrommotor,belt,bearingsinazonedarea OR Createsitsowninternallypotentiallyexplosiveatmospherewithinwhichtherearepotential ignitionsources e.g.powderblender alsomaybelargeenoughtogiverisetoanexternalzonee.g.whiskeybottling machineor fueltestbatch

ATEXDirective(ATEX94/9/EC) Assemblydefinition Situation2

Theassemblycontainscomponents(eventhoughtheyhaveaDeclarationofConformitytoATEX),
e.g. EXTerminalsinacomponentcertifiedExebox mountinganExdcomponentcertifiedgassensingheadinanenclosure Becauseacomponentisnotstandaloneandthecertificatedoesnotcoverthe equipmentinwhichitisinstalled ATEXGuidelines, G id li July J l 05, 05 section i 3.7.5 375 Note:forzone0or1,anECTypeExaminationisrequired,i.e.NotifiedBodywillneedtoissuea certificate.

ATEXConformityAssessmentProcedures

ATEXMarking(ATEX94/9/EC) CategoryConcept

ATEXMarking(ATEX94/9/EC) Marking

ATEXMarking(ATEX94/9/EC)
0518II2GEExedIICT4IP65

CEMarking

AdditionMarking Requirements

Notifiedbody# 0518Sira EuropeanHazardousmark EquipmentGroup I Mining,IISurface EquipmentCategory 1=Zone0or20 2=Zone1or21 3=Zone2or22 HazardousAtmosphere G=Gas,D=Dust E ManufacturedtoEuropeanStandards Ex ManufacturedtoIECStandards ed ProtectionusingIncreasedSafety andFlameproof IIC GasGroup(AbovegroundC) T4 TemperatureClass IP65 Ingress I protection t ti rating ti

ATEXDirectiveLabelExample

0518

ABTECH HUMBLE, TEXAS, 77338 USA TYPE SX_________64_________________ RATING______ 10________________WATTS SERIAL No.______ 43433_________ 2002

II 2 GD IP66 T6 55 C EEx e II T6 T amb__55__

SIRA99ATEX3171

WARNING!!!
LIVETERMINALSISOLATEELSEWHERE BEFOREOPENINGENCLOSURE

NAZoneSystem505Marking Comparisonvs.ATEX

ClassI,Zone1
AEx US

AEx

de

IIC

T6
TemperatureCode

TypeofProtection
MayHaveMultipleSymbols. UsuallyMostImportantFirst d flameproof,e increasedsafety, etc.

II IndustryGroup I=Mining II=Surface CGasGroup C,B,A

Certificatenumber ProductRange

Manufacturer

ApplicableStandards Conditionsforsafe use

Marking

ProductDescription

DesignVariation

ConditionsforSafe Usedetailed Keyareatoreview

SelfDeclarationMarking IEC612411Example p
EN612411 TypetD Protectionby Enclosure

SensorsLtd ChesterUK

FileRef:108112
II3D ExtDA22IP65T135

SeriesABCSensors SerialNo.00081 Y 2003 Year Practice AtoEN 612411 Zone22 IPRating Temperature Marking

Technical Documentat ionfile referenceor Certificate Number

ATEXDirective(ATEX137)
99/92/EC(ATEX137)isintendedto complementthepreviouslypublished 94/9/EC.Thesetwodirectivescoverdifferent areasandareintendedtoachievedifferent objectives.Responsibilitiesanddutiesare sharedbetweenthemanufactureranduser (employer) 99/92/EC / / (ATEX137) Covershealthandsafetyprotectionof workers Duties u esare a eplaced p acedon o the eemployer e p oye Intendedtoensurethatworkersenjoy aminimumlevelofprotection throughoutallmemberstates Think Thi kof fthis thi lik likeOSHArequirements i t here h in i theUS.

ATEXDirective(ATEX137)
Allneworexistinghazardousareaequipmentmade availableforuseforthefirsttime,priorto30thJune2003, mustcomplyfromthatdatewiththeappropriateminimum requirementsofAnnexII,PartAofATEX137. Allneworexistinghazardousareaequipmentmade availableforuseafter30thJune2003,mustcomplywith theappropriateminimumrequirementsofAnnexII,PartsA andBofATEX137. Allhazardousareaworkplaces, workplaces whichareusedforthefirst timeafter30thJune2003mustcomplywiththe appropriateminimumrequirementsofATEX137. Allexistinghazardousareaworkplacesinusebefore30th June2003mustcomplywiththeappropriateminimum requirementsofATEX137nolaterthan30thJune2006. Theemployermusttakethenecessarystepstoensureall modificationstohazardousareaworkplacesafter30thJune 2003complywiththeappropriateminimumrequirements ofATEX137.

ATEXDirectives(ATEX94/9/EC&137)
ConnectionbetweenATEX95andATEX137

ATEXDirectives(ATEX94/9/EC&137)

DeterminingifaHazardousLocation ExistsunderATEX137

ProcessforVendortomeetcompliance totheATEXDirective
Equipmentintendedforuseinthehigherriskcategorieswillberequiredtoundergo independentcertificationbyaNotifiedBody.Theactualrelationshipbetweenthelocationand thecertificationrequirementsisasfollows: WherecertificationoftheproductbyaNotifiedBodyisrequired, required themanufacturer'squalitycontrol systemwillalsoneedtobeindependentlyreviewedandaudited. TheDirectiverequiresthemachinesmanufacturertoproduceaTechnicalFilecontainingdocumentaryevidence thatthemachinerycomplieswiththedirective.TheformandcontentoftheTechnicalFileisonlylooselydictated intheDirectivebuttypicallyitwillcontainthefollowingitems: Drawing(s)oftheequipmentwithinformationrelatedtoexplosionprotection. Copyofinstallation/user/maintenancemanuals Wiringandcircuitdiagrams CopiesofreportsandcertificationfromNotifiedBody Assessmentoftheelectricalsystemtotheappropriatestandards Assessmentofthemechanicalequipmenttotheappropriatestandards AssessmentoftheequipmentasawholetotheEHSR'softheDirective Zoningassessment,calculationsandzonediagramswhereapplicable. Ignitionhazardassessmentreport. Drawingsofmarkingsandlabelsrelatedtoexplosionprotectionandwheretheyarelocatedontheproduct Designcalculations CopyoftheDeclaration eclarationofConformity Manufacturer'sdatasheetsforsafetycriticalcomponentsandsubassemblies.

ProcessforVendortomeetcompliance totheATEXDirective

Zone2SelfDeclaration Enablesmoreflexibility y
UndertheATEXDirective,manufacturerscanselfdeclarethattheproductisfitforpurposeforZone2 applicationsonly.Primarilyapplicableforspecialproductsthatmightnotfitintovariousother protectionconcepts.AnexampleofaselfdeclarationcertificateislistedbelowforanExnRenclosure foraspecificapplication. application Theuserandvendormustdiscussbeforehandanddeterminewhattestingif anyneedstobedone.However,thisdoesnothavetobedonebyanotifiedbody

Zone2SelfDeclaration Enablesmoreflexibility y

ProductRatedEExnAwithinclusionofspecialdisplay display DoesnotfallinstandardrangeofproductsAllows combiningwithclientapprovalforselfcertification. Keypointtoremember. Clientmustapproveofthismethod

WithSelfCertificationcomes ClientReluctance
ClientsmaybereluctanttoapproveZone2selfcertifiedequipmentforthe followingreasons. Fraud Withoutathirdpartyapproval approval,thepossibilityofunsafeequipment beingspecifiedandbeingusedinZone2areaspotentiallycouldincrease.The onusisevenmoreontheusertoconfirmwhetherornottheproductissuitable fortheapplicationandmusthaveafullunderstandingofthevariousprotection techniquesavailableandunderstandtheapplicationofthesetechniquesfor hazardouslocations. WiththeincreaseofNotifiedBodies,theconcernisthatallofthemare followingtheletterofthelaw.Intheoryandbylaw,usersunderATEXmust accepttestresultsfromanyoftheNotifiedBodiesandnotbeselectiveinwhich testhouseisbeingused. UnderATEX,theconcerntotestingtoarelevantstandardisinquestion.It canbearguedthataslongastheproductmeetsrelevantstandards,isin compliancewiththerelevantCEmarkingrequirements,theteststandardmay notnecessarilyhavetobeaENstandard.InpotentiallycouldbeaIECstandard oranother h standard d dsuch hasANSI ANSI,etc.Th TheIECstandards d d and dthe h ENstandards d d arenowharmonized,butnotallofthepreviousstandardsareyet harmonized. Ing general, ,thelevelofacceptance p forselfcertificationranges g forcomplete p acceptancetoreluctanceonthepartofusers.

ATEXCertificationProcess Notified Body y

ANotifiedBody: Isaccreditedbyanationalbody(UKASintheUK) ComplieswithISO/ECGuide28:2004(BSEN4501intheUKasaminimum Hasanaccreditedscope IsNotifiedbyanationalgovernmenttotheEuropeanCommission WasknownasaCertificationBodypriortotheDirective MayalsocomplywithISO/EC17021:2006(BSEN45012intheUK) WhenNotifiedBodyisrequired,therearetwooptions: ECType T Examination E i ti in i accordance d with ithAnnex A IIIof fthe th ATEXDirective Di ti Plus SomeformofATEXapprovedQualitySystem(toEN13980) Or AUnitVerificationinaccordancewithAnnexIXoftheATEXDirective (i e inspectionofoneitemoragroupofitemswithrespectto (i.e. compliancewiththeATEXDirective.