The growing global demand

for geotextile, weaved coconut

fber twines, has transformed
the priorities of the Philippine
coconut industry. The industry
whose only source of income
in the export market was copra now
faces a great challenge in meeting
the growing demand for geotextile
in countries like China and USA.
However, the production of coconut
fber in the country is limited by the
low technology of equipment used and
the underutilization of coconut husks
where the coconut fber or coir is
obtained and the lack of capital of the
coconut farmers. To overcome these
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limitations and promote the production
of geotextiles in the Philippines, the
government developed livelihood
projects in order to facilitate the
coconut farmers in setting up their own
facility for coconut fber processing.
The product in focus is 3 out of
12 coir processing machines i.e.
decorticating and twining developed
by MRDC-DOST. The target
end-products of these processing
machines are coirs that can be
converted to geotextiles and other
products.
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Mini-decorticator
A decorticator is a machine that
beaks up husk segments through
a metal bars revolving at high
speed. The machine separates
non-fbrous materials from fber.
The output of this machine is
coir fber and coir dust, each
byproduct have their own range
of uses.
The mini decorticator produces
mixed fbers 4 - 6 inches in
length (CH-3 FDA Grade) by
separating them from the peat of
coconut husks through a scraping
drum where multiple blades
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Mini-decorticator
are welded 94 milliliters apart. The
machine is powered by 22 Hp Diesel
Engine.
Table 1. Specifcations of Mini-Decorticating Machine
PRODUCTON PRME WEGHT
EQUPMENT CAPACTY SZE MOVER kg
Mini 5,000 husks/day 1.25 x 0.863 22 hp, diesel 300
Decorticator (mini) x 1.25 m single cylinder (approx.)
(l x w x h) engine
Twining Machine
This machine is designed to
twine coconut fber to be used in
the production of erosion-control
geotextile nets. Basically, a
result of reverse engineering,
this machine has acquired
further improvements in the
capacity, safety and ergonomics.
The machine developed by
the MRDC has a capacity of
producing 20 kg of twined fber
per day, which is 5 kg more than
the capacity of its conventional
counterpart.
Twining Machine
Table 2. Specifcations of Twining Machine
PRODUCTON PRME WEGHT
EQUPMENT CAPACTY SZE MOVER kg
Twining 25-30 kg/day 1.28 x 4.83 2 hp, single 250
x 0.70 m phase
(l x w x h)
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The Philippines is among the top
three largest coconut-producing
countries but the country has a very
limited participation on exportation.
Bicol region has the largest area
and is increasing in size per year.
By 2005, an estimate of 415,500
ha. is planted with coconuts. This
area is followed by Eastern Visayas,
Davao Region and CALABARZON.
However, from an estimated total of
324 Million coconut trees, only 85%
are considered productive t can also
be observed that Eastern Visayas,
Davao Region and CALABARZON
are included in the top producers
of coconut. These areas therefore,
are prime sites for a manufacturing
facility for ease of transport and
effcient material handling. ARMM
is also slowly closing the gap in terms
of production with Eastern Visayas.
However, it should be noted that the
Coco Husk Product/Process Flow and its Varied Applications
Low Value Products Mid Value Products High Value Products
Fiber
(30%)
Decorticating
0e-loer|rg ard
0ry|rg Vac||res
0usl
(70%)
Bailing
Vac||re
Twining
Vac||re
lydrau||c
Compactor
6a|ed
Fiber
Ropes/
TW|red
Fiber
Coco Peal
Block
3l|lc||rg
Vac||re
Weaving
Loom
Fiber
Pad
Geotextile
|els ard
Fasc|res
6ed rallresses,
Ruooer|zed pads,
F|oer ooards
Car lurr|lure,
Corslrucl|or,
Valer|a|s lrduslr|es
Eros|ors corlro|,
Road ard r|ver
eroar|rerls
lrlraslruclure
ard Rea| Eslale
Projecls
Corposl ard
3o|| Cord|l|orer /
Foresl |urser|es,
lorl|cu|lure,
Agr|cu|lure, 0o|l
Courses
6|o|ogs
Erv|rorrerl/
Agr|cu|lure/
lrduslr|a|/
lous|rg/
Fue|/elc.
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recent climatic changes and natural
disasters such as landslides and typhoons
have signifcantly affected coconut
plantations.
Global ndustry in the Asia-Pacifc
regions dominate the global coconut
industry. Sri Lanka tops the list as
the world's largest exporter of various
fber grades from coconut husks. ndia
follows by leading other countries on
exportation of value-added products.
As mentioned earlier, a handful of
products can be manufactured from
coconut fber such as mats, foor
coverings and geotextiles. Other
countries include Philippines, Thailand,
ndonesia, Malaysia and Vietnam. The
combined production amounts to 86%
of total coconuts around the world.
However, the global output of husks utilized
for fber extraction does not exceed to
10% or an estimate of half a million metric
tons (MT) of coir. This underutilization of
resources is found to fall down into two main
categories - Either the coconut husks are
used to fuel the production of copra industry
or it goes to wasteland.
The world's import amount to an average of
101,010 MT while Philippine's participation is
very negligible to account for.
Currently, the global annual production of
coir fber is about 350,000 metric tons (MT)
with ndia and Sri Lanka as the top two
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producers accounting for about 90% of global
coir fber production. 86% of the coconut in
the world is produced by ffteen countries in
the Asia - Pacifc region. However, only a
handful of these countries process coconut
husks into fber and other value-added
products. Sri Lanka is the highest producer
of coir while ndia focus more on producing
value-added coir products such as mats,
rugs, rope and geotextiles. Other countries
such as the Philippines, ndonesia, Malaysia,
Thailand and Vietnam are the other primary
producers of coir.
The coconut production of the Philippines
is globally competitive yet the production of
coir remains very low. This can be attributed
to the greater importance given to the major
products of coconut, copra and desiccated
coconut, which generate more income
than coir. Moreover, the coconut varieties
prevalent in the Philippines have bigger
kernels and produce less fber than those
produced by ndia and Sri Lanka. Based on
the report of the Philippine Coconut Authority
(PCA), only 10% of the total coconut husks
available is processed into coir while 50%
is used as fuel in copra production and the
remaining 40% is left unused. For every
coconut, 10.5 - 12% of which can be
processed into coir.
TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION AND COMMERCIALIZATION SERVICES GROUP
TECHNOLOGY RESOURCE CENTER
103 TRC Bldg., J. Abad Santos St., Little Baguio, San Juan City
Tel. No: 727-6205
E-mail: trc_tucsg@dost.gov.ph
Website: www.trc.dost.gov.ph
Published 2010
For more information, please write, fax, call, or email:
1echno|ogy Innovanon for Commerc|a||zanon
(1LCnNICCM) rogram
Department of Sc|ence and 1echno|ogy (DCS1)
Meta|s Industry keseach and
Deve|opment Center (MIkDC)
1echno|ogy kesource Center (1kC)
A Project under the
o) Projecled Arrua| Producl|or
Producl Arrua| Producl|or
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
coco lW|re 000,000 000,000 000,000 000,000 000,000
coco peal 120,000 120,000 120,000 120,000 120,000
coco loer 00,000 00,000 00,000 00,000 00,000
c) Pr|ces Per Producl |r P|P/prograr
Producl Pr|ce Per ller
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
coco lW|re 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00
coco peal 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
coco loer 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00
d) Projecled Arrua| 3a|es
Producl Arrua| 3a|es (P|P)
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
coco lW|re 3,000,000 3,000,000 3,000,000 3,000,000 3,000,000
coco peal 120,000 120,000 120,000 120,000 120,000
coco loer 000,000 000,000 000,000 000,000 000,000
T0TAL 3,720,000 3,720,000 3,720,000 3,720,000 3,720,000
e) Cosl ol sa|es
|) |aoor
ruroer lola|/arrur
0|recl 8 072,000 ( Forru|a lor arrua| payro|| ro. ol
erp|oyees x rorl||y sa|aryx 12 rorl|s)
lrd|recl 2 300,000 ( Forru|a lor arrua| payro|| ro. ol
erp|oyees x rorl||y sa|aryx 12 rorl|s)
Tola| 10 1,032,000
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ga) 6as|c Assurpl|ors
- raled capac|ly per rorl|
coco lW|re 50,000 relers C P 5 per reler
coco peal 10,000 |gs C P 1 per |||ograr
coco loer 5,000.00 |gs C P 10 per |||ograr
- lola| raW raler|a| requ|rererl
110,000 |us|s C P 1 per p|ece
Cosl ol raler|a|s
Pr|ce Per ller
ller Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
cocorul |us|s 1,320,000 1,320,000 1,320,000 1,320,000 1,320,000
l) Properly, P|arl & Equ|prerl (PPE)
PPE 0uarl|ly/Lr|l Lr|l Cosl Tola| Cosl
Lard (sq reler) 200 500 100,000
6u||d|rg (sq reler) 100 3,000 300,000
0ecorl|cal|rg Vac||re 1 70,000 70,000
TW|r|rg Vac||re 3 05,000 195,000
0e||very ruc| 1 1,200,000 1,200,000
0l|er Equ|prerl
(|rc|ud|rg ollce) 300,000 300,000
Tola| 2,171,000
g) wor||rg Cap|la| & 0l|er Projecl Cosls
cosl per rorl| Producl|or Cosl per arrur
3a|ar|es & Wages 80,000 1,032,000
3upp||es & Valer|a|s 110,000 1,320,000
Ll|||l|es 25,000 300,000
Rerla| -
Var|el|rg & Adr|r|slral|ve
Experses (5) 22,100 205,200
T0TAL 243,100 2,917,200
|) Esl|raled Projecl Cosl.
|ATLRE AV0L|T (l| P)
wor||rg Cap|la| & 0l|er Projecl Cosls
- wor||rg Cap|la| (3 ros. requ|rererl) 729,300
- Pre operal|rg 100,000
3uolola| 829,300
PPE 2,171,000
Tola| Projecl Cosl 3,000,300

|) PR0JECTE0 l|C0VE 3TATEVE|T
Parl|cu|ars YEAR
1 2 3 4 5
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
o coco lW|re 3,000,000.00 3,000,000.00 3,000,000.00 3,000,000.00 3,000,000.00
o coco peal 120,000.00 120,000.00 120,000.00 120,000.00 120,000.00
o coco loer 000,000.00 000,000.00 000,000.00 000,000.00 000,000.00
0ross 3a|es 3,720,000.00 3,720,000.00 3,720,000.00 3,720,000.00 3,720,000.00
Less. Experd|lures
Producl|or & rar|el|rg cosl (3c|.5) 2,917,200.00 2,917,200.00 2,917,200.00 2,917,200.00 2,917,200.00
Tola| Experd|lures 2,917,200.00 2,917,200.00 2,917,200.00 2,917,200.00 2,917,200.00
|el Proll oelore lrcore Tax 802,800.00 802,800.00 802,800.00 802,800.00 802,800.00
j) Projecled CA3l FL0w 3TATEVE|T
ller Pre-operal|rg Year
1 2 3 4 5
E3TlVATE0 CA3l RECElPT
Equ|ly lrlus|or 3,000,300
Fror 0peral|or.
|el proll oelorer lax 802,800 802,800 802,800 802,800 802,800
Add oac|.
Tola| Cas| rece|pl lror 0peral|or - 802,800 802,800 802,800 802,800 802,800
T0TAL E3TlVATE0 CA3l RECElPT3 3,000,300.00 802,800 802,800 802,800 802,800 802,800
E3TlVATE0 CA3l 0l36LR3EVE|T3
Pre operal|rg Experse -
Cap|la| Experd|lures
PPE 2,171,000
Tola| Cap|la| Experd|lures 2,171,000 - - - - -
T0TAL E3TlVATE0 0l36LR3EVE|T3 2,171,000 - - - - -
|ET CA3l l|FL0w (0LTFL0w) 829,300 802,800 802,800 802,800 802,800 802,800
CA3l 6ALA|CE, 6E0l||l|0 829,300 1,032,100 2,434,900 3,237,700 4,040,500
CA3l 6ALA|CE, E|0 829,300 1,032,100 2,434,900 3,237,700 4,040,500 4,843,300
|) Projecled PR0FlTA6lLlTY.
|el Preserl Va|ue (|PV) Vel|od
lr|l|a| |rveslrerl/|el |rcore 3,000,300.00 802,800 802,800 802,800 802,800 802,800
lurd|e rale (10) 0.80 0.74 0.04 0.55 0.48
Preserl va|ues (3,000,300.00) 092,009 590,011 514,320 443,379 382,224
|PV (371,097)

Tola| lrveslrerl 3,000,300
6rea|-ever per|od (years) 3.74
Average rel |rcore/year 802,800
Average relurr ol lrveslrerl/year () 20.70