24. Explain Client-Dependent and Client-Independent Tables.

There are certain tables, in SAP, which when changed will not affect similar tables in other Clients. These are known as Client-Dependent tables. All Client-dependent tables have Mandt as their first field. On the other hand, if a change made in one Client is reflected in another table across various Clients, then such a table is called Client-Independent. In this case, the first field of the table will not be Mandt. You need to be extra careful when changing the settings or content of these tables as this will affect all the Clients.

25. What are the Different Types of ABAP/4 Programs?

There are nine types of ABAP/4 programs in SAP: 1 Executable Programs (ABAP Reports) I INCLUDE Program M Module Pool/Dialogue programs S Sub-Routine Pool J Interface Pool K Class Pool T Type Pool F Function Group X XSLT Program

26. What are Internal Tables?

Internal Tables are standard data type objects which exist only during the Runtime of an ABAP/4 program. They are used to perform table calculations on subsets of database tables and for reorganizing the contents of database tables according to a users need. Internal tables fulfil the need for arrays in ABAP/4. There are three types of internal tables: Standard Tables with a linear index. The key is always non-unique. Sorted Tables with either a unique or non-unique key. Hashed Tables (they do not have a linear index) with the key defined always as unique.

27. What is a Logical Database?

A Logical Database is a special data-retrieval program delivered by SAP, with its own dynamic Selection Screens. You need to code only the processing logic (GET, CHECK, etc., statements). The logical database consists of a read program in which the structure of the local database is reproduced with a selection screen. Advantages: Check functions to validate that user input is complete and correct. Meaningful data selection. Central authorization checks for database accesses. Excellent read access performance while retaining the hierarchical data view determined by the application logic.

28. What are the Two Methods for Modifying SAP Standard Tables?
You can modify SAP Standard Tables using: Append Structures Customizing INCLUDES

29. What is BDC Programming in SAP?

BDC (Batch Data Conversion) is an automated procedure for transferring large volumes of external or legacy data into the SAP system using batch input programming. There are three ways to do this: Call Transaction Method Session Method Direct Input Method Irrespective of the method, the techniques use the following steps: o Identify the screens of the transaction that the program will process. o Write a program to build the BDC table that will be used to submit the data (i.e., text file) to SAP. o Submit the BDC table to the system in the batch mode or as a single transaction by the CALL TRANSACTION command.