Strom Drainage

EXISTING WALL RELOCATION AND ENHANCEMENT OF THE AREA BETWEEN PHASE 1 and PHASE 2 at BAYAN PALACE DOCUMENT III-2:
PARTICULAR SPECIFICATIONS
SECTION 02630 - STORM DRAINAGE PART 1 - GENERAL 1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including Conditions of Contract and Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section. 1.2 SUMMARY A. This Section includes storm drainage outside the building. B. Related Sections include the following: 1. Division 2 Section "Earthworks" for excavating, trenching and backfilling. 2. Division 3 Section "Cast-in-Place Concrete" for cast-in-place concrete structures. 1.3 DEFINITIONS A. The following are industry abbreviations for plastic materials: 1. PVC: Polyvinyl chloride plastic. 2. GRP: Glass-fiber-reinforced plastic. 1.4 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS A. Gravity-Flow, Non-pressure Piping Pressure Ratings: At least equal to system test pressure. B. Force-Main Pressure Ratings: At least equal to system operating pressure, but not less than 1035 kPa. 1.5 SUBMITTALS A. Product Data: Submit manufacturer's technical product data and installation instructions for system materials and products. B. Shop Drawings: Include plans, elevations, details, and attachments for the following: 1. Drainage pipe network, including pipe diameters and gradients.
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EXISTING WALL RELOCATION AND ENHANCEMENT OF THE AREA BETWEEN PHASE 1 and PHASE 2 at BAYAN PALACE DOCUMENT III-2: PARTICULAR SPECIFICATIONS
2. Manholes and other structures, including invert levels, frames, covers, and grates. C. Coordination Drawings: Show manholes and other structures, pipe sizes, locations, and elevations. Include details of underground structures and connections. Show other piping in same trench and clearances from sewerage system piping. Indicate interface and spatial relationship between piping and proximate structures. D. Coordination Profile Drawings: Show system piping in elevation. Draw profiles at horizontal scale of not less than 1:500 and vertical scale of not less than 1:50. Indicate underground structures and pipe. Show types, sizes, materials, and elevations of other utilities crossing system piping. E. As-Built Drawings: At project close-out, submit record drawings of installed pipework and products, in accordance with requirements of the Specification, Division 1. F. Maintenance Data: Submit maintenance data and parts lists for system materials and products. Include this data, product data, Shop Drawings, and submit drawings in maintenance manual; in accordance with requirements of the Specification, Division 1. G. Certificate of Compliance. H. Field Test Reports: Indicate and interpret test results for compliance with performance requirements. 1.6 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING A. Do not store plastic pipe, and fittings in direct sunlight. B. Protect pipe, pipe fittings, and seals from dirt and damage. C. Handle pipes, precast concrete manholes and other structures according to the manufacturer's written instructions. D. Manufacturer s recommendations on handling, repairing, laying, jointing, anchoring, cutting and other works for pipes and fittings are to be strictly followed. 1.7 PROJECT CONDITIONS
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A. Site Information: Perform site survey, research public utility records, and verify existing utility locations. B. Locate existing structures and piping, if any, to be closed and abandoned. C. Existing Utilities: Do not interrupt or interfere with utilities serving facilities on the Project site or on adjoining property unless permitted by Engineer under the following conditions and then only after arranging to provide temporary utility services according to requirements indicated or directed: 1. Notify the Engineer not less than 72 hours in advance of proposed utility interruptions. 2. Do not proceed with utility interruptions without the Engineer's written permission. 1.8 QUALITY ASSURANCE TESTING A. Testing on GRP Pipes: The following tests shall be carried out on manufactured pipes. Details of testing program to be submitted to the Engineer for review and approval prior to commencement of pipe manufacture. The manufacturer quality control scheme shall be to BS 5750 or ISO 9002. Guidance on quality control and sampling shall be BS 5480, Appendix Q. At least the following tests shall be carried out and reported for approval: 1. Longitudinal strength to ASTM D 3262. 2. Hydraulic test to ASTM D 3517. 3. Stiffness to ASTM Method D 2412 or BS 5480. 4. Wall thickness to BS 5480. 5. Diameter to BS 5480. 6. Hardness to ASTM 2583. 7. Loss of ignition to ASTM D 2584. 8. Hoop tensile to ASTM D 3517. 1.9 COORDINATION A. Coordinate connection to drainage main with concerned authorities. PART 2 - PRODUCTS 2.1 PIPING MATERIALS
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A. Refer to Part 3 "Piping Applications" Article for applications of pipe and fitting materials.
2.2 PIPES AND FITTINGS A. PVC Pressure Pipe: AWWA C900, Class 150, or DIN 8062, Class 10 kg/cm2; for gasketed joints. 1. PVC Pressure Fittings; AWWA C907, or DIN 8062, to suit pipe class; for gasketed joints. 2. Gaskets for PVC Piping: ASTM F 477, or BS 2494, elastomeric seals. B PVC Pipes and Fittings for Gravity Application: AWWA C900, Class 100, or DIN 8062, Class 6 kg/cm2; for gasketed joints. 1. Gaskets: To ASTM F 477, or BS BS EN 681: Parts 1 and 2, BS EN 682 and BS 7874; elastomeric seals. C GRP Pipes and Fittings 1. Pipes and fittings to BS 5480, or AWWA C950-88. 2. Pipe and fittings shall include a corrosion resistant liner, a structural wall and a resin rich exterior surface. 1. The liner shall have a nominal thickness of 1.0 mm. The liner surface shall be reinforced with "C" glass. The remainder of the liner thickness shall be reinforced with an acid resistant chopper "E" glass strand or mat. 2. The pipe structural wall shall consist of glass reinforcement, and fine silica sand, all impregnated with resin. The fine silica sand shall be added to the structural layer to achieve the design thickness for the required stiffness specified such that the overall hoop flexural modulus (E) for pipe is not less than 24 GN/m2. Silica sand and filler content shall not exceed 50%. 3. Pipes shall be provided with a resin rich outer layer reinforced with one layer of "C" glass veil. The exterior layer shall have a minimum thickness of 0.2 mm. The layer shall resin be rich and reinforced with one layer of C glass.
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4. The resin used for the corrosion resistant liner of the pipe and fittings shall be high grade polyester resin (isophthalic or better) type. For the structural wall and exterior layer of the pipe a high grade isophthalic polyester resin shall be used. No dark pigments shall be used in the pipe or fittings. 5. All glass reinforcements except for the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe and fittings shall be of the "E" type. Surface reinforcement shall be of the "C" glass type. 6. Pipes shall be designed for a life of not less than 50 years. Submit calculations for initial and long term deflection with Truck loads, Buckling, Vacuum, Pressure Class, and Strain in accordance with Appendix "A" of AWWA, C-950-88 or equivalent. The maximum calculated long term deflection should not exceed 3 percent. Copies of the design calculations shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval. a. Stiffness: Minimum 10,000 N/m2. Suitability of stiffness shall be verified for the various trench and pipe laying conditions and as recommended by the manufacturer. b. Longitudinal Strength: To BS 5480 Table 2 or ASTM D 3262 - 88 Table 7. c. Hoop Strength: To ASTM D 3517 Table 8. d. Strain Corrosion Resistance: Tests are to be carried out as per ASTM D 3681 or BS 5480 strain corrosion value at 50 years to equal or exceed 0.7 percent. e. Markings: To BS 5480 Clause 11. f. Joints: GRP double socket couplings with rubber rings to BS EN 681: Parts 1 and 2, BS EN 682 and BS 7874. Allowable angular deflection to BS 5480 Table 3. D Perforated Plastic Pipes: Subsurface drainage pipes shall be perforated plastic pipe conforming to DIN 8051 Class 10 Kg/cm2 or equivalent. Perforations shall be circular holes. Different filter requirements shall apply to each type of perforation. Circular perforations shall be between 5 mm and 10 mm in diameter arranged symmetrically in a minimum of 4 rows parallel to the axis of the pipe. All rows shall be in the lower half of the pipe but no row shall closer than 36 degrees to the invert. Perforations in each row shall be at a maximum distance of 100 mm center to center.
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2.3 MANHOLES A Cast-in-Place Concrete Manholes: Construct of reinforced-concrete bottom, walls, and top; designed according to ASTM C 890 for A-16, heavy-traffic and/or extra heavy traffic, structural loading. Manholes in apron and graded area of the runway/taxiway strip should be designed for ultra heavy aircraft wheel loading; of depth, shape, dimensions, and appurtenances indicated. 1. Ballast: Increase thickness of concrete, as required to prevent flotation. 2. Grade Rings: Include two or three reinforced-concrete rings, of 150 to 225 mm total thickness, that match 610 mm diameter frame and cover. B Manhole Frames and Covers: Ductile iron to BS EN 124 or equivalent, epoxy coated, solid top. Suitable lifting device for manhole covers to be provided at a rate of one for every 10 covers. Frames to be bolted to manhole to ensure proper fixity. Wording on cover is to be as approved on Site. Types to be as follows: 1. For apron and graded area of the taxiway strip (Taxiway and Shoulder): Class F900 ultra heavy duty non-rock type for aircraft wheel loads. Minimum test load 900 kN. 2. For Taxiway strip beyond the graded strip limit and for roadways: Class D400 heavy duty non-rock type for wheel loads up to 11.5 tons. Minimum test load 400 kN. 3. For sidewalks: Class B125, light duty. Minimum test load 125 kN. 4. Size: As indicated on the Drawings. 2.4 GRATED CHANNELS A Cast-in-Place Concrete Channels: Construct of reinforced concrete; designed according to ASTM C 890 for heavy or extra heavy structural loading. Channels in apron and graded area of the runway/taxiway strip should be designed for ultra heavy aircraft wheel loading; of depth, shape, dimensions, and appurtenances indicated. 1. Bottom, Walls, and Top: Reinforced concrete. 2. Channels and Benches: Concrete. B Grates and frames: Ductile iron to BS EN 124 or equivalent, epoxy coated, solid top.
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Frames to be bolted to manhole/gully bricks to ensure proper fixity. Wording on cover is to be as approved on Site. Types to be as follows: 1. For apron and graded area of the taxiway strip (Taxiway and Shoulder): Class F900 ultra heavy duty non-rock type for aircraft wheel loads. Minimum test load 900 kN. 2. For Taxiway strip beyond the graded strip limit and roadways: Class D400 heavy duty non-rock type for wheel loads up to 11.5 tons. Minimum test load 400 kN. 3. For sidewalks: Class B125, light duty. Minimum test load 125 KN. 4. Size: As indicated on the Drawings 5. Grate Free Area: Approximately 50 percent, unless otherwise indicated. 2.5 CONCRETE A. General: Reinforced cast-in-place concrete according to Division 3 Section "Cast-in-Place Concrete", and the following: 1. Cement: ASTM C 150, Type V. 2. Design Mix: 30 MPa minimum, with 0.40 maximum water-cementitious materials ratio. B. Channels and Benches: Field formed as indicated, from concrete 30 MPa minimum, with 0.40 maximum water-cementitious materials ratio. 2.6 PROTECTIVE COATINGS A. Description: GRP lining for internal surfaces and waterproof membrane for external surfaces. 1. GRP Lining for Internal Surfaces of Manholes and Chambers: a. GRP lined manholes and chambers shall be constructed in accordance with the Drawings and shall incorporate a GRP lining at least 7 mm thick to all internal faces, as required. b. Benchings and channels shall be preformed, inverted and filled with concrete. Alternatively, the GRP lining may be applied in-situ after constructing the benching.
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c. GRP lining to walls shall consist of a preformed tube of a white (or near white) colour, incorporating lugs molded onto the outside face at 500 mm centers to allow bonding to the concrete surround. The lining shall have adequate strength to withstand handling, and shall not buckle or distort during pouring of the concrete surround. Internal bracing may be used during pouring to maintain circularity and verticality. d. Precast cover slabs shall incorporate a preformed flat sheet of white (or near white) GRP on the soffit, bonded to a circular GRP tube to form the access opening. Both linings shall incorporate lugs molded onto the surface to allow bonding to the concrete. e. The overall size of the lining to the soffit of the slab shall be 150 mm greater than the internal diameter of the manhole onto which the slab is to be placed. f. In all cases, the outer surface of the GRP, exposed to sewage/sewer atmosphere, shall consist of a chemically resistant layer comprising vinyl ester resin suitably reinforced with a !C" glass or synthetic tissue veil. This layer shall be no less than 2 mm thick, and shall have a resin content by weight of approximately 90 percent at the exposed surface, reducing to 65 percent-75 percent at the inner surface. The remainder of the liner shall consist of vinyl ester or isophthalic resins and !E" or !ECR" glass chopped strand mat. g. Joints in the lining tubes shall not normally be permitted. h. Joints between preformed GRP benchings and lining tubes shall be made using an external sleeve 200 mm long bonded onto both units, and then bandaged using suitable resin and chopped strand mat. Such bandaging shall extend 75 mm either side of the edge of the sleeve. On the inside face of the manhole, the joint between the benching and liner tube shall be filled with vinyl ester paste to produce a smooth finish. i. If GRP linings to benching are to be formed in-situ, the surface of the wall lining tube shall be lightly abraded over a height of 150 mm from benching level. A fillet of 50 mm radius shall than be formed of vinyl ester paste at the junction of benching and wall. The GRP lining to the channels and benchings shall then be built up by applying isophthalic or vinyl ester resin to the whole of the benching, fillet and abraded wall lining. A layer of !E" or !ECR" mat shall then be rolled into the resin using a suitable steel roller to exclude all air and provide complete immersion of the glass fibre in the resin. j. After a period to allow pre-gel to a tacky state a second coat of resin shall be applied followed by a further layer of glass fibre mat. This process shall be repeated until the total thickness of the lining
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is approximately 4 mm. Vinyl ester resin and !C" glass or synthetic tissue veil shall then be used to complete the lining. k. Top surface of benching shall incorporate silica sand to form a non-slip surface. l. The precast cover slab shall be seated on the walls using sand/cement mortar. The joint shall be raked out 15 mm deep on the inside face and pointed with an approved pitch extended polyurethane sealant. m. The Contractor shall provide the Engineer with a 7 year unconditional guarantee against failure of all GRP linings whether caused by defective materials or workmanship. The guarantee shall be valid from the date of completion of the installation and must be handed to the Engineer before the issue of the Certificate of Completion. n. GRP sealing plates shall be provided to all sewage manhole chambers, sump and holding tanks access covers. The sealing plates shall be capable of adequately withstanding 10 percent sulphuric acid at 50 deg. C (122 deg. F) for a period of 100 days and shall be a minimum of 5 mm thick and shall be designed to withstand a loading of 7.5 kN/m#. The sealing plates shall be in the form of a plug with a flange to accommodate restraining bolts and to prevent the plate passing into the manhole. The plates shall incorporate a synthetic rubber (neoprene or similar approve) sealing ring integrally fixed to the GRP plate to produce a gas and sand tight joint between it and a specially profiled frame edge without the use of restraining bolts. Two GRP lifting handles shall be provided securely laminated to the plate. The underside of the plate shall have a resin rich finish and there shall be no exposed fibres. Cut and/or drilled faces shall be sealed with resin. The resins and glass used in the fabrication of the plates shall be generally as specified for GRP pipes. 2. Waterproofing for external surfaces shall be sheet tanking membrane with protective board as specified in Section 07132 or 07115 as applicable and other related Sections. PART 3 - EXECUTION 3.1 EARTHWORK A. Excavating, trenching, and backfilling are specified in Division 2 Section "Earthwork." 3.2 IDENTIFICATION
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A. Materials and their installation are specified in Division 2 Section "Earthwork." Arrange for installing green warning tapes directly over piping and at outside edges of underground structures. 1. Use warning tape or detectable warning tape over ferrous piping. 2. Use detectable warning tape over nonferrous piping and over edges of underground structures. 3.3 PIPING APPLICATIONS A. General: Include watertight joints. B. Refer to Part 2 of this Section for detailed specifications for pipe and fitting products listed below. Use pipe, fittings, and joining methods according to applications indicated. C. Gravity-Flow Piping: Use the following: 1. DN100 to DN200: PVC pipe and fittings, gaskets and gasketed joints. 2. DN250 and larger: GRP pipe and fittings, gaskets, and gasketed joints. D. Force-Main Piping: Use the following: 1. DN 100 to DN 200: PVC pressure pipe, PVC pressure fittings, gaskets and gasketed joints. 2. DN 250 to DN 1200; GRP pressure pipe and fittings, gaskets and gasketed joints 3.4 INSTALLATION, GENERAL A. General Locations and Arrangements: Drawing plans and details indicate general location and arrangement of underground storm drainage piping. Location and arrangement of piping layout take design considerations into account. Install piping as indicated, to extent practical. B. Install piping beginning at low point, true to grades and alignment indicated with unbroken continuity of invert. Place bell ends of piping facing upstream. Install gaskets, seals, sleeves, and couplings according to the manufacturer's written instructions for use of lubricants, cements, and other installation requirements. Maintain swab or drag in line, and pull past each joint as it is completed.
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C. Use manholes for changes in direction, unless fittings are indicated. Use fittings for branch connections, unless direct tap into existing sewer is indicated. D. Install two flexible joints. Install the first joint at 1 diameter distance maximum from outside face of manhole and the second joint at not more than the following distances away from the first joint: 1. Pipelines not exceeding 450 mm diameter: 1.0 m 2. Pipelines over 450 mm and not exceeding 800 mm diameter: 1.6 m 3. Pipelines over 800 mm and not exceeding 1500mm diameter: 2.5 m 4. Pipelines over 1500mm diameter: 4.0 m E. Install piping and connect to building's storm drains, of sizes and in locations indicated. Terminate piping as indicated. 1. Install gravity-flow piping pitched down in direction of flow, at minimum slope of 1 percent, unless otherwise indicated. 2. Install force-main piping with restrained joints at horizontal and vertical changes in direction. Use cast-in-place concrete support, and anchors or corrosion resistant rods and damps. F. Install PVC force-main according to AWWA M23. G. Tunneling: Install pipe under streets or other obstructions that cannot be disturbed by tunneling, jacking, or a combination of both. 3.5 PIPE JOINT CONSTRUCTION AND INSTALLATION A. General: Join and install pipe and fittings according to installations indicated. B. Refer to Division 2 Section "Piped Utilities $ Basic Materials and Methods" for basic piping joint construction and installation. C. PVC Pressure Pipe and Fittings; Join and Install according to AWWA M23. D. PVC Pipe and Fittings: As follows: 1. Join pipe and gasketed fittings with gaskets according to ASTM D 2321. 2. Install according to ASTM D 2321.
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E. GRP Pipe and Fittings: Install according to AWWA C950 and to the manufacturer s recommendations. F. System Piping Joints: Make joints using system manufacturer's couplings, unless otherwiseindicated. G. Join piping made of different materials or dimensions with couplings made for this application. Use couplings that are compatible with and that fit both systems' materials and dimensions. H. Install with top surfaces of components, except piping, flush with finished surface. J. Follow manufacturer's instructions regarding placement of bedding and backfilling, cleanliness of joint surfaces, lubricant used, correct location of components, provision of correct gaps between end of spigot and back of socket, maximum permissible deflection of joints for detachable couplings and flexible joints, provision of flexible joints for connections to pipes built into structures. 3.6 MANHOLE INSTALLATION A. General: Install manholes, complete with appurtenances and accessories indicated. B. Form continuous concrete channels and benches between inlets and outlet. C. Set tops of frames and covers flush with finished surface of manholes that occur in pavements. Set tops 75 mm above finished surface elsewhere, unless otherwise indicated. D. Construct cast-in-place concrete manholes as indicated. 3.7 CHANNELS INSTALLATION A. Construct channels to sizes and shapes indicated. B. Set frames and grates to elevations indicated. 3.8 CAST IN PLACE CONCRETE A. Refer to Division 3 Section "Cast-in-Place Concrete" for formwork, reinforcement, and concrete. 3.9 DRAINAGE SYSTEM INSTALLATION
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A. Assemble and install components according to manufacturer's written instructions. B. Install with top surfaces of components, except piping, flush with finished surface unless otherwise indicated on drawings. C. Assemble channel sections to form slope down toward drain outlets. Use sealants, adhesives, fasteners, and other materials recommended by system manufacturer. D. Embed channel sections and drainage specialties in 100 mm minimum concrete around bottom and sides. E. Fasten grates to channel sections if indicated. F. Assemble trench sections with flanged joints. G. Embed trench sections and drainage specialties in 100 mm minimum concrete around bottom and sides. H. Make piping connections with gasketed joints between system components. 3.10 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL A. Clear interior of piping and structures of dirt and superfluous material as work progresses. Maintain swab or drag in piping, and pull past each joint as it is completed. 1. In large, accessible piping, brushes and brooms may be used for cleaning. 2. Place plug in end of incomplete piping at end of day and when work stops. 3. Flush piping between manholes and other structures to remove collected debris, if required by the Engineer or authorities having jurisdiction. B. Inspect interior of piping to determine whether line displacement or other damage has occurred. Inspect after approximately 600 mm of backfill is in place, and again immediately prior to Substantial Completion. Submit separate reports for each system inspection.
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C. Alignment: Tolerances are to be 6 mm in level and 25 mm in line between manholes or access points unless otherwise specified. Where pipe is to be constructed in straight lines between manholes or lampholes, the length will not be accepted if a light at each manhole or lamphole cannot be seen from adjacent manholes. D. Test new piping systems, and parts of existing systems that have been altered, extended, or repaired, for leaks and defects as follows: 1. Field testing generally: a. Provision of test equipment: All items for test have to be provided on site before the test i.e. pressure gauges, instruments, water etc. b. Carry out tests in the presence of the Engineer's Representative. c. Test sections: Test gravity sewers in sections between manholes. d. Test plug: Secure end of main and test plug by struts. e. Apply pressure by manually operated test pump or, in the case of large diameter mains, by power driven test pump, if approved. f. Examine exposed joints and repair visible leaks. g. Failure: should a test fail, locate leak and replace or make good defective pipe or replace and make good faulty joint. Retest main. h. Records: keep test records in an approved form. Hand original copy to the Engineer immediately after completion of test. i. Non-pressure lines not exceeding 1000 mm diameter are to be air tested before backfilling and hydrostatic tested after backfilling. j. Non-pressure lines over 1000 mm diameter are to be visually inspected from the inside and tested at joints by hydraulic individual joint test. k. Non-pressure lines: Carry out infiltration tests where crown of pipe at high part of length under test is more than 1.2 m below water table. 2. Hydrostatic Testing of Non-pressure Pipelines: a. Procedure is to be as described for pressure pipelines. b. Test pressure: 1.0 m head of water above pipe soffit at highest point and not greater than 6 m head of water at lowest point of section under test. If maximum head is exceeded, test section in stages. c. Test period 30 minutes. d. Allowable leakage: 0.02 litres/linear metre/metre diameter/30 minutes. 3. Air Testing of Pipelines: a. Test procedure to BS EN 752: Parts 2-4.
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b. Plug effectively length under test. c. Apply pressure by approved method (i.e. hand pump) until a pressure 120 mm head of water is indicated on a U-tube connected to the system. d. Pressure drop: Without further pumping, pressure is not to fall by more than 25 mm in a period of 5 minutes. e. Failure to pass the air test is not conclusive and if no leakage can be traced by external application of soapy water to all sealing areas then a hydrostatic test is to be carried out before final rejection. 4. Infiltration Test for Gravity Pipes: a. Timing: Carry out test after total backfilling of length under test. b. Plug effectively all inlets to system as directed. c. Measure residual flow by approved method i.e. weir or other. d. Infiltration limits: The following limits are not to be exceeded: 1) Pipelines not exceeding 700 mm: 0.02 litres/hour/100 linear metres/mm diameter. 2) Pipelines over 700 mm: 0.03 litres/hour/100 linear metres/mm diameter. e. Failure: Test will be deemed to have failed if allowable infiltration water is exceeded. Locate source of excessive infiltration by approved means i.e. traversing light and mirrors or inflated rubber plug etc. and make good. Repeat test until successful. 5. Visual Inspection Test: a. Timing: Carry out test after total backfilling of length under test. b. Limit of length to be tested at one time is three full- length pipes unless otherwise approved. c. Apparatus: Use rubber tyred bogies which do not damage lining of pipe and an adequate supply of electric lamps. d. Check joints by means of feelers to ensure rubber rings are correctly located. e. Check pipe barrel for visible cracks. 6. Hydraulic Individual Joint Test for Pipes Exceeding 1000 mm: a. Procedure: Carry out to BS 5886, Type 2 testing after backfilling, or equivalent. Pressurize joint to 2 bars. Wait for 10 minutes at the end of which repressure to 2 bars. Wait for 5 minutes. No pressure drop shall be observed at the end of the latter period.
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b. Test pressure: 2 bar c. Test period: 5 minutes. d. Allowable leakage or pressure drop: None. 7. Deflection Tests for GRP Pipes: a. Conduct: Deflection tests for GRP pipes as required by the Engineer at 3 stages. Deflection shall be measured at the spigot end at mid point and at the socket end. b. Stage 1: At completion of primary backfill (deflection at this stage should be below 0.5%). c. Stage 2: At final backfill (Maximum allowable deflection 2.5%). d. Stage 3: 6 months after final backfill (maximum allowable deflection 4.0%). e. Pipes not passing the deflection tests at stage 2 or stage 3 will be removed and replaced. 8. Cleaning and Inspection of sewers: a. Cleaning: Clean pipeline of silt and debris after backfilling pipe trenches and completing manholes, hatch boxes etc. but before surfaces are permanently reinstated and make ready for inspection by the Engineer's Representative. b. Inspection: Pipelines of 700 mm diameter and over are, where practicable, to be inspected from the inside and when necessary a suitable trolley is to be provided for this purpose. c. Inspection: Pipelines less than 700 mm diameter and larger pipelines which cannot be inspected from the inside, are to be inspected by passing a cylinder of diameter 25 mm less than the internal diameter of the pipe and length not less than the internal diameter of the pipe through each pipeline. 9 Testing of manholes: Plug manhole inlets and outlets, fill manhole with water and allow to stand for at least 24 hours or such longer period to allow for complete absorption. Re-top with water. Allowable leakage over 24 hours is not to exceed 1 percent of total volume of manhole, otherwise make good and retest.
END OF SECTION
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EXISTING WALL RELOCATION AND ENHANCEMENT OF THE AREA BETWEEN PHASE 1 and PHASE 2 at BAYAN PALACE DOCUMENT III-2:

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