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y 3HMy 1988. roflHHe, n p e ^ MJiaHOBHMa I I c h x o TepaneyTC K e ceK ijnje, CpncKor Jle K a p c K o r flpyuiTBa, o flp acao caM npejjaB aifce ,,yBOfl y apxeTH ncK y n c n x o jio rH jy . K o jih k o mh je no3H aT o, t o je 6 h o npBH npHKa3 TeopnjcKHX ocHOBa apxeT H ncK e ncH xoJiorH je (o rp a H K a JyHroBe aHajiHTHMKe n c H x o ;io rH je) y Hac. H cre ro^H H e y cap aflftH ca ypejjHHKOM H ojiH TO B or fie jia , CJio6oaHOM B jiarojeB H heM h KOJieroM M a p kom )KHBKOB0heM, npHpeflHo caM je^aH 6 p o j yrjieflH or M aconnca, K ojn je 6 h o nocB eheH apxeTH ncK oj n c n xo Jio rn jH , TaMHHje peneH O , TeMH n y E P -a , 0MHjbeH0M JiHKy nocT-jyHroBCKHx aHajiHTHHapa. H a c o n n c j e caApacao HeKOJiHko HJiaHaKa no3HaTHX ,,a p x e T H n o jio ra K ojn cy pa3M aTpajiH TeMy H3 H acjioB a, ^ o k c e Moj HJiaHaK AOTHuao h b o p h h x nojMOBa apxeTH ncK e Teo p n je h n p a K c e (BHflH A eJio, X X X IV , 1988.). O Tafla AO AaHac o6jaBHO caM Ha pasJiHMHTHM MecTHMa h je3HijHMa BHUie p a ^ o B a K ojn cy roBopHJiH o OBoj nocT -CTpyKTypaJI^tCTHMKOj H nOCT-MOftepHHCTHMKOj, a oneT , cjDeHOMeHOJIOHIKoj HIKOJIH h jih npaBUiv, HJIH OHHX y KojHMa caM caM npey3eo apxeTHnojiouiKy MeTojjojio r n jy h nepcneK TH By y pa3MaTpaity pa3JiHMHTHX n o jaB a y ncHXOJiornjH h KyjiTypn. PaH Hje MCMeBaHa ofl hckhx a a je TpHBHjaJiHa, HeHayMHa, H enojjecH a 3a KJiHHHMKy ,,y n o T p e 6 y , H3y3eB aK o je naitnjeH T n o BOKai^Hjn yMeTHHK (3H3MH 3 a ro B a p a ejiHTH3aM!), ^ a HHje yT eM ejteH a Ha eM nnpnjcKHM HCTpaJKHBaH>HMa, aKTyapnjcKHM T a6jraijaM a h jih 4>H3HOJiorHjH, OBa n c H x o jio rn ja je , BpeMeHOM h TpnejbHBHM cTaBOM npeM a H ana^HM a, a apryM eH T o-

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BaHHM ofl6 paHaMa, oncTajia Ha HayHHoj no3opHHHH, a fla ce npHTOM 6poj H>eHHX o iefl 6 eHHKa, HeHTapa h noKJioHHKa cTajiHo yBehaBa, ih to pe3yjiTHpa 6 oji>hm yTeMejbeH>HMa caMe Teopnje. IIlTaBHme, cBe npcyTHHje h HaMeTJbHBHje npHcycTBO nocTMOffepHe, K oja ce uiHpH h Ha nojbe ncHXOJiornje, flajio je 3a npaBo MHorHM nocTaBKaMa apxeTHncKe ncnxojiorHje K oja H3BOpHO H IJHJba Ha IIpeHCnHTHBaH>e CBHX BpeAHOCTH HayKe o flyuiH. IlpoHHi^aH>e Kpo3 nocTojehe h tb o peH>e hobhx npeflcraBa y ncH X O Jiom jn h ncHXOTepanHjH, mhhh a apxeTHncKa ncHxoJiorHja jeflHOM HoroM o c ra je y AOMeHy kjihhhkc, ijih a je spyry npeMec ra jia y nojbe KyjiType. Heflahe, KaTacTpo<|)e h H3a3obh caBpeMeHor cBeTa, HHcy je ocTaBHJiH paBH0ffyuiH0 M, n a je 3 o r r o r a cra B apxeTnnoJiora k o jh 3aroB apajy Tepannjy cBeTa, a He caMO nojeflHHija, noTnyHO p a 3yMJbHB h onpaBflaH. Hnje caMO o^ojiejia ncHxa nojeflHHU,a, Hero h Ayuia CBeTa. EecMHCJieHO je noMaraTH o c o 6 h , aKo h h Ha Kojn HaHHH He 3ai;ejbyje m o paHe C B era . EcejH Kojn cy npefl BaMa HMajy flBojaK ijHJb. IlpBO, Kp03 HeKe Ofl H>HX CeJIHM Aa H3JI05KHM Ha o 6 yXBaTaH h HcijpnaH HaMHH, kojihko je t o M o ry h e , ocHOBHe nocraBKe apxeTHncKe ncHxojiorHje: H>eHe mbopHe nojMOBe (flyma, npeflCTaBa, HMarHHaipya, apxeTHn), TeopnjcKe nocTaBKe, MeTofle (apxeTHncKa xepMeHeyTHKa, aMnjiH(|)HKaijHja), MOfleji MOBeKa, cxBaTaH>e 3flpaBJba h 6 ojiecTH, oflpei)eH>e jihm hocth h o 6 pacne npaKTHHHor KJiHHHHKor pafla. j],pyro, HeKH 03 oB^e npHKynjbeHHX paflOBa, 3aflHpy y ,,apxeTHncKH aKTHBH3aM , Tj., pa3MaTpaH>e 4>eHOMeHa KyjiType koj'h 6 ojiho 3acei^ajy flymy cBeTa, a h Aymy cpncKor Hapo^a. J^aKJie, HHcaM x e jie o fla MojH cnncH o apxeTHncKoj ncHXOJiorHjn 6 yjjy nyKo npecjiHKaBaH>e HeM era mTO ce THHe flpyrnx, B eh fla orjieflHO noKaaceM KaKo oBy ncHxojiorHjy MoxeMo npHMeHHTH Ha OHe nojaBe Koje Hac Ha obom TJiy p,OTnny. PyKOBeT oBfle CKynjbeHHX eceja je, y cTBapH, 36npKa HJiaHaKa h npe^aBaiba Koja caM 03 Kpaja ocaMReceTHX roflHHa

n p o u iJ io r BeKa h 3 h o c h o npep, cTpyHHy jaBHocT. HeK H ofl h>hx cy OBfle mTaMnaHH y h 3 b o p h o m o6jiHKy, KaKO cy H3rJieflajiH Kafla cy c e npBH nyT nojaBHJiH, Apyrn cy n p ep a^ eH H h npom H peH H y oflH ocy Ha cB oje H3Bope, a HMa h o h h x Kojn c e n o npBH nyT OBfle o6jaBJbyjy (Ha Kpajy KH>Hre HHTajiaij M O *e H ah n 6 e jie m K e o cBaKOM ofl KbHx; npHM. B.B.n.). KH>nra H3Jia3H Ha noflcTH ijaj n p H jaT ejba EojaHa JoBaHOBnha K ojn je noHyflHo H>eHo mTaMnaH>e y H3flaBaHKoj Kyhn n p o c B e T a . X B ajia My. Mojn e c e jn c e cBaKaKO He 6 h nojaBHJiH n p e fl HHTaoijeM fla HHje 6 h jio cBecpflHe n o M o h n M oje c y n p y r e , MapnjaHe, K oja j e npnnpeM H Jia t c k c t 3a u rraM ny. Jom 3HaHajHHja n o Moh 6HJia cy H>eHa 6 p o jH a ,,3am T o h ,,KaKo K oja cy Me cTaBHJia Ha MyKy, je p Ha h>hx HHcaM HMao yBeK oflroBopa. H a c p e h y , flo h>hx caM HnaK flomao, a HaflaM c e fla h e h HHTajiai^ ofl T o ra HMaTH KopHCTH. H ecre p a c n p a B e c a npocJjecopdM ^ym aH O M C to j'h o bom K oje cy c e flOTHU,aJie c jih h h o c th h pa3JiHKa a p x e THncKe n c H x o jio rn je h nocTCTpyKTypaJiH3Ma, ncnxHHKor h co u H jajiH o r KOHCTpyHcaH>a peajiH ocTH , Te p a 3 MaTpaa>e oncK ypH e T e o p n je paH B acT or KOHCTpyKTa, HrtOflOTBopHO cy fle jio s a jie Ha M oje pa3yMeBaH>e nocT MOflepne h KOHCTpyKTHBH3M a, u i t o caM yH eo y CBoje e c e je . n e T p y JeBpeMOBHhy xB ajia Ha p a 3 ro so p H M a o xepMeHeyTHi^H X a jfle re p a h PH K epa, m T o mh je 6 h jio ofl noM ohH y 06jiHK0BaH>y TeMe nocB eheH e apxeTHnc k o j xepMeneyTHHH. HjiaHHijaM a E e o rp a flC K o r A H aJiHTHHKor Kpyra TaK oije XBajia Ha noflCTHi^aj h h m a c o ijH jaipijaM a, nHTaibHMa h KpHTHKaMa m ojhx apxeTHncKHx n o rjie fla je p je h t o n o M o rjio y yo6jiHHaBaH>y MOjHX TeKCTOBa.

Y B e o rp a fly , aB rycT a 2001.

/ BejiHMHp B. n o n o B H h

O C H O B E

A P X E T H nC K E

n c H x o jio r a jE
1 . Y B O f lH e H a n o M e H e

HanncaTH orJiefl o TeMejbehHM nocTaBKaM a a p xeTHncKe n c H x o jio n ije HHje h h M ajio jiaK h h jeflH oCTaBaH 3a^aTaK; n o T e n iK o h e Ha K oje HaHJia3HM He H3BHpy HCKJbyHHBO H3 fly u ie, MBopHor nojM a o B o r HayKOBaH>a, Beh H3 caM o r n o K y m a ja oflpei)HBaH>a HbeHor M e c ra y uiHpeM OKBHpy. O h h K ojn cy c e SaBHJiH obhm npo6jieM O M He M ory ce c jio jk h th y M Horo MeMy; 3a HeKe je p e n o oco 6 eH o j iu k o jih (,,apxeTH ncK oj u ik o jih " - Samuels, 1985 h 1997), 3a flp y re o ,,ycM epeH .y , ^ o k caM ocnHBaM IJejMc X h jim 3 h ap ch ^ a HHje peM o He3aBHCHoj u ik o jih fly6nHCKe n cH x o jio rH je, H ero o h o bom ,,npHCTyny aHajiHTHMKoj n c H x o jio r n jH ( y Adams, 1997). HniuTa 6 o jb e c p e h e h h c m o y n o K y u ia jy ite H o r CBpcTaBanba y n o c rro je h e n o fleJie T e o p n ja jih m h o c th . Pa36opHTHM, HaM ce m hhh ^ a je noflBefleMO n o ^ KaHt o b c k h MOfleJi, n o n y T a p y r n x T e o p n ja ^y6HHCKe n c n x o jio rn je , a o n e T , He 6 h cm o norpeuiH JiH fla je yMeTHeMO y 4>eHOMeHOJIOUIKH HJIH er3HCTeHUHjaJIHCTHmkh MOfleji. Joui r o p e , pa3MaTpaH>e ,,c m p th cy6jeK T a, K paja ayTOHOMHe 6ypacoacK e MOHajje (Hauke, 2000, 67) h e r a , peJiaTHBH30BaH>e nojM a ayTOHOMHe jihm hocth h npHKJiaH>aH>e IJeMcoHOBOM ,,fleu,eHTpHpaH>y
y c p e f lH U iT y jy h e r c y 6 je K T a / HHflHBHflye (Jameson, 1991:14-15), m hhh fla ce 3anHTaM o ^ a jih n cH xojiorH jy

y K j j

nojaM jih m h o c th 6jieflH, a ycT y n a ncHXH M ecTo rjiaB H o r jyH aK a, h flajb e T p e 6 a cBpcTaBaTH y yu6eHHKe T e o p n ja JIHMHOCTH?

y npeflaBaH>y PeMHHHcijeHUHje h pe(J)jieKCHje

(1992.), a p x e r a n o J i o r F laT pH ina B epa K ap aK T ep n m e
HacTaHaK apxeT H ncK e n cH x o jio rH je K ao cBojeBpcHH via negativa h CHa6fleBa Hac jih c to m CBera O H ora m i o OBa HayKa HHje. A pxeT H ncK a n cH x o jio rH ja m ije: - MOHOTeHCTHHKa

- opnjeH TH caH a Ha Ja
- TpaHOjeHfleHTHa - cTpyKTypHcaHa - JiHHeapHa - xpHinhaHCKa - HopM ajiHa - 3aH H TepecoBaH a 3a npoceMHO - n o cB eh eH a npeBa3H JiaxeH >y - ypaBHOTeaceHa.

p a 3 K ojn n p efljia ac e P o 6 e p T PoMaHHmHH (Romanyshyn, 20$0., 193-204.) He i^HJba Ha noJiHTHMKO flejia ib e y cBeTy, h o Ha O TBapaibe ecTeTCKHX y6HHa CBeTa. n o n y T necHHKa, ncH x o Jio r T p e 6 a fla n o c ra H e o n eBHflau, K ojn h e nocpencTBOM cB ojnx cBeflOHaHcraBa npHflaTH BpeflHocT cBeMy o h o m c m T o o6 e3 fly m eH a 3ajeflH H ua M aprHHaJiH3yje. ripH 3H BajyhH h O T B apajyhn ^BepH cBeTa K oje BOfle H>eroBoj ay6HHH, 0TKpHheM 0 HCTHHHTy KOpHCT KOjy H3M OH caM HyflH, a mTO T p e 6 a pa3JiHKOBaTH ofl H aum x (no ry 6 H H x ) yMOBaH>a K oja cy ycM epeH a TOMe - KaKO r a h c k o p h c t h t h h nofljapMHTH. n p e M a PoMaHHmHHy (H)cTHHCKa K opncT CBeTa je H>eroBa cB pxa, h H am 3aflaTaK Kao ay6HHCKHX n c n x o J io ra je fla 6piDKJbHBO ocnym K yjeM o KaKo h e HaM c e c b o t o6paTHTH, fla cJiym aM o n iT a o h ofl Hac aceJiH... ApxeTH ncK H aKTHBH3aM ce He THHe fle n a ib a . O h c e THHe HaHHHa 6HBCTBOBaH>a; CTHJia npncycT B a, n p n cycTBa O H ora K ojn CBeflOHH" (Romanyshyn, 2000.,

Haflajte, ,,c m p t cy6jeKTa h ja, c o 6 o m noBJiaMH h CMpT u c u x o u a m o n o z u je u io z ja (Hauke, h c t o ) , a t o BOflH npeHcnHTHB3H>y nocTaBKH ncHX0flHjarH0CTHKe (Ilo n o B H h , 1999.) h n cH x o T ep an H je h H a jn o c jie yfla;b aB an ,y o ^ k jih h h h k h x h m c a h u ;h h c k h x nepcneK TH Ba. K p e T a ite o ^ k jih h h k c Ka KyjiTypH HHje H3pa3 H eM ohn h noB JialieH>a n p e fl HepemeHHM T e o p n j ck h m h npaK t h h h h m npo6jieM H M a, h , c a A p y re cT paH e, ynJiHTaH>e y cy6jiH M H pajyha, H cnpa3H a cneKyjiHcaii>a o k o c m o jio rH]H, flpym TBy, yMeTHocTH, HCTopnjH, eK O Jiornjn h jih iio jih th i^ h . H anpoT H B , apxeT H ncK a n cH x o jio rH ja cMaT p a fla je CBeTy n o T p e ^ H a ncH X O Tepannja k o jih k o h CBaKOM nojeflHHu;y. y OBOMe j e caflpacaH a K p uuiuK a M o d e p n e : cxBaTan>a peajiHOCTH K oja c e T e M e jte Ha np0CBeheH 0C TH , B ep a y o6jeKTHBHy HayKy h H en p n cT pacH a HCTpajKHBaH>a, BpeflHocTH caBpeM eH e KyjiT y p e h cji. PeJiaTHBH30BaH>a 3 H anaja T e p a n n jc K e n c n x o J io rn je h npeM em T an>e T eacam T a Ha rpat)eH >e T eop n je K yjiType, noflpa3yM eB a 6 p n r y o o 6 o jie jio M cBeTy h JJym H CBeTa, n p n iieMy j e ncu;eji>eH>e Kao T epannjcK H Uhjb h flajb e npncyT aH . ,,ApxeTHncKH aKTHBH3aM , H3-

193-194).
n p e B H m e noeTCKHX H 3pa3a, cyMH>HHaBOCT n p e -

Ma ncHXOJiorHj,H Kao o6jeKTHBHoj Hayu,H, flaB aibe n p BeHCTBa cBeTy a He nojeflH H uy, HMarHHajiHe Bapnjai^Hje h BpeflHOBaH>e cy6jeKTHBHHX npeM H ca flyme, M HpHine" Ha (|)eH0M eH0Ji0rHjy, K 0CM 0Ji0rnjy, xepMeHeyTHKy h jih nocTMOflepHy, ajiH, h h k 3 k o Ha ,,0 3 6 n jb Hy n cH x o jio rn jy . A ko o bom cyfly flOflaMo apxeT H nojiom K O y3flabe y HMarHHauHjy K ao cBojy H3BopHy
MeTOfly HJiH TBpflH>y fla je n c n x a o6jeK T H>eHor n p o y n aB aib a h , HCTOBpeMeHO, cy6jeK T K ojn B pm n H cnnTHBaibe, yHHHHhe HaM c e fla apxeT H ncK a n c n x o jio rH ja He Moace H 3 6 eh n cyfl6HHH fla 6yfle y nenocT H 03H aneH a Kao HeHayHHa yjflypM a. O u e H a je c T e TaHHa, aJiH He

CMeMO cMeTHyTH ca yMa fla je 3acHOBaHa Ha jeflHoj nepcneKTHBH, Weltanschauung-u, jeflH oj h c t h h h h jih
jeflHOM 3HaneH>y, B epoB aiby y KOHKpeTHO, a o c jio b h o h yHHBep3ajiHo, BpeflHOBaH>y rJio 6 a JiH o r h o6jeKTHBH or. JeflHOM p e n jy , o h o (apxeT H ncK a n c n x o jio rH ja ) mTO ce y3fla y HeH3BecHO, Heca3HaTjbHBO, M aprHHajih o , JioKajiHO h <J)parMeHTHcaHO, m T o B epyje y 6o-

10

11

ro B e h MHTOBe, a BpeflHyje m h o u it b c h o h cy6jeK t h b h o , cBojoM pacn jiH H y T o m h y h p a 3 y t)e H o m h y He TpnH HayHHy n p o u e H y h He 3acjiysKyje naaofcy. EcejoM He noKymaBaM fla onpaB flaM KpHTHKe MOflepHe, h o fla o6pa3Jio*H M o c h o b h c n o c ra B K e a p x eTHncKe ncH xojiorH je, h 3aTo ocTajeM oTBopeH n p efl cbhm ,,HeflocJieflHocTHMa Koje H3 H>e H3BHpy. Apyr a n n je He 6 h x M orao fla je H3JioxHM. FIpHM efl6a 3a ce y H>oj H acJiyhyjy y ra ija jH xepMeHeyTHKe, 4>eH0MeH0jiornje, MeTat|)H3HKe hjih nocTMOflepHe je Ha M ecry. C o63HpoM a je jeflaH ofl cHHOHHMa apxeTHncKe n cH xojioraje - nojiHTencTHHKa ncH xojiorH ja - (Hillm an, 1971), MOceMO cJio 6oflHo p e h n fla je MHoiuiueeH ociu (H3BOpa, poflHTejba, nepcneKTHBa, MHTOBa H 60roBa h jih MeTac|>opa KopeHa) H>eHo HHxepeHTHO CBOjcTBO. T o HHHH TparaH>e 3a H>eHHM H3BOpHM3 HeM oryhHM, oflHocHo, Ma mTa cxBaTHJiH Kao BajbaHe TeMeJbe, yBeK h e HaM HemTO/HeKO npoM ahn. Kafla y flaJbeM TeKCTy 6yfleM H3JioxHo p0fl0CJi0BH0 c r a 6jio apxeTHncKe ncnxoJiorH je (JyHr, Kop6eH h B a m jia p ), t o h e 6h t h ocjiHKaBaH>e caMO h c k h x KopeHa p a3rpaHaTor cTa 6jia. H c t o t b k o , He 6h x n o r p e m n o fla caM yMecTo ob h x n n c a o o IljioTHHy, 4>nhHHy, BHKy, O p o jfly, HHHey, Xajflerepy, JlaKaHy h jih raflaM epy, Kao H>eHHM yTeMejbHBaHHMa. TeKCT Kojn je npefl BaMa, Kao h ocTaJiH H3 KH>Hre, n o 6yflHhe oflpei)eH a nHTaH>a h HefloyMHue, Ha K oja je H eM oryhe oflroBopHTH ncupnH o, a nnaK, flo 6p o h x je HMaTH Ha yMy. JeflHo 6 h 6hjio: fla jih je apxeTHncKa ncHxojiorHja fleo nocTMOflepHe, hjih flpyro, fla jih je xepMeHeyTHKa, h n o p efl cbhx X hjim 3hob hx oijeHa fla je peflyKHHOHHCTHHKa, yTKaHa y o c h o b h h MeTOfl H>eroB e ncH^oJiornje? Tpehe: ofl KaKBe cy k o p h c t h apxeTHnojiomKa ,,H3BpTaH>a 4>yHflaMeHTajiHHX nocTaBKH ncH xoJiornje HarjiaBaHKe? fla jih oHa BOfle 6oJbeM pa3yMeBaH.y npeflMeTa ncHxojiomKHx npoyHaBaH>a h jih , jo m B nm e, npeHHanyjy h m n p e caMe OKBHpe ncnxoJiornje? HeTBpTo: je c y jih cm cjih H3JieTH H3BaH KJiHHHKe y KyjiTypy npa3Ha xBajiHcaH>a hjih flejio-

TBopHa T e p a n n ja 3ajeflHHU(e? Ile T o : ofl KaKBe j e Bajfle yKpuiTaj ap xeT H ncK or aKTHBH3Ma h 4)eH0M eH0Ji0r a j e ? J3,a jih HCTHHCKa cJiHJiocofJjcKa npoMHiiiJbaH>a 4>eH 0M eH 0Ji0raje Mory 6 h t h Jloroc oB e n c H x o Jio ra je ? M o * e jih oBa CHHKpeTH3yjyha ncH xoJioraja fla c n o ja flym y h flyx? IfceHH cHHKpeTHcrHHKH KanauHTeTH n o Be3yjy o h o m To <|)HJioco4)Hja p a 3 J ia x e , ajiH KaKO J^ym a (K ao n a p a fln rM a ) ycneB a y c e 6 n fla yrejioB H Jloroc h Epoc?

***

3 a apxeTHncKy ncHXOJiorajy, flym a (ncHxa) je nonjeflHaKo cTBapaJiaHKa ocHOBa H>eHe T eop n je h np aKce. ,,IIcHxa je Ta Koja h h h h n cH xojiorajy MoryhoM, a aKO ncHxoJioraja H3ry6n Be3y ca ncnxoM , npecT aje fla nocT ojn Kao oflroB apajyha flHcijHnJiHHa (npoynaBaH>a) c e 6 e caM e. JeflHOM Kafla ncHxojioraja H3ry6n cBojy 0CH0BHuy y flym n, H>eHe npeocTaJie fly*HocTH npepacnoflejiH he c e Ha flpyre; 6 n h e 6 o jb e fla c e <|)H3HHKe CTBapn npenycT e JieKapHMa h flpyraM HayHHHUHMa, flyxoBHa'nHTaH>a Teojio3HMa h 4)HJiococ|)HMa. Be3 gym e, ncnxojioraja je , yHaj6ojb.eMCJiyHajy, cyBHiiiHa... (S e lls, 2000., 1-2). H aBefleH e m hcjih apxeTHnOJiora BeHijaMHHa ejicai ca*H M ajy h c k o jih k o cTBapH CBOjCTBeHHX apXeTHnCKHM nCHX0JI03HMa: npBO, aKCHOMaTCKH nojia3e ofl Tora fla je flym a TeMejb (cBaKe) ncHxbjiorHje; flpyro, o h o m r o h x n oK p eh e y TeopnjcKHM ftcTpaCHBaH>HMa H npaKTHHHHM CTpeMJbeH>HMa cy 6 p n r a h jby6aB npeM a flym n, aJiH h crpax ofl o6e3flyu ieH e ncH xojioraje; T pehe c e THHe n e o p n o U po6neM a : KaKO H3ipaflHTH ncHxoJiorHjy Koja h e H3pacraTH H3 ncnxe h, HCTOBpeMeHO, noKymaBaTH fla IJjien n caMy flym y? JJa jih apxeTHncKa ncHXOJioraja M o * e apTHKyjiHcaTH ncH xoJiorajy Ha TaKaB HaHHH fla OHa 6 y fle ncH xojiom K a? KaKO h e yo6jiHHHTH n cn x o jiom K e T eop n je, .a fla OHe 6yfly ncHXOJiomKH ycKJia^eH e h noflem eH e o6jeKTy CBojnx o n n ca h TyManeH>a? K o jih k o no3HBaH>e Ha ,,flym y Kao BOflHHa h ,,ncHxojiom K o Kao oflpei)eH>e n o c ry n K a HMa cMucjia, fla

12

13

jih j e to o npaB flaH o h c b p c h c x o jjh o ?

Ha crpaH H ijaM a

Koje cy npefl BaMa, n o K y m a h y oflroBopHM Ha nocT aB JteH a n H T a fta , T aK o ^e j^a o6pa3Jio>KHM ocHOBe apxeT H ncK e ncH X ojiorH je, nojacHHM o r h o c H>eHe T eop n je h n p aK ce, a jin h H aroBecrH M H>eHe o h th m k c h enHcreMHHKe KapaKTepHCTHKe.
***

,,Ha30BH cBeT, aKO t h je flp a ro , a o jih h o m t b o pen>a fly m e. TaKo h e m o t k p h t h cMHcao cB eTa... Ha^axH yT a MHcao poM aHTHHapcKor 6 a p /ja IJoHa KHTca (John Keats) H 3peneH a y nncMy ynyheHOM 6paTy t l o p i j y , Ha HajcaaceTHjH HaHHH HCKa3yje B jepyjy a p x e THncKe ncHXOJiorHje. JbyjjcKH j k h b o t j e ncHXOJiomKH, a cMHcao jKHBOTa je j^a oji H>era TBopn aymy, fla OTKpnje Be3y H3Mef>y > k h b o t3 h n c n x e . A pxeT H ncK 3 n c H x o jio rn ja , n o npBH nyT TaKO Ha3BaHa 1970. roflHHe y yBOflHHKy jyHroBCKor roflnmitaKa Cupunz, o r CTpaHe H>eHor pofloH anejiH H K a, aHaJiHTHHKor ncHXOJiora IJejMca XHJiMaHa (Hillman, J. 1970.). FIcHXOJiorHja jjym e np e^cT aB jb a npeHcnHTHBaH>e (re-v isio n in g , eH r.) n c H x o jio rn je c a CTaHOBHmTa flym e. ripB H h o c h o b h h 3aaaT aK ncHxojiorHje cacT o jn c e , n p eM a MHmjbeH>y a p x e T H n o Jio ra ' y oTKpHBaH>y o flro B a p a jy h e r M e cra A ym n yH yTap n c H x o jio m K o r o K p n jb a. H >hxob HHJb je
1 ApxeTHnojio3H, tj., 3aroBopHHi;M apxeTnncKe ncHx o jio ra je npe^cTaBJbajy cKynHHy jby^H mapeHOJiHKor 06 pa30Ban>a h HHTepecoBaita, Me^y H>HMa cy HajSpojHHjH o h h Kojn cy CBoje aHajiHTHHKO, TepannjcKo 06pa30BaH>e c tc k jih Ha KaKBOM JyHroBCKOM HHCTHTyTy, ajiH HMa npe^cTaBHHKa flpyrnx ncHxojioniKHX h TepanHjcKHx uiKOJia ((JjeHOMeHOJiora h er3HCTeHqHjaJiHCTa), coijHOJiora, T eojiora h 4)HJioco4)a. IlojiHi^eHTpHHHOcT apxeTHncKe ncHxojiorHje ce He o rn ejja HCKJbyHHBo y TeopnjH Beh h pacejaH>y h>hxobhx ueHTapa: IJhphx, UlTyTrapT, JIohjioh, JJajiac, Phm, OnpeHHa. EpojHH cy h yHHBep3HTeTH Ha KojHMa j?pxe KaTejipe hjih ca kojhx y BHj^y rocTyjyhnx npeflaBaH>a H3Hoce CBoje yneH>e: JeJi yHHBep3HTeT, JHanauiKH yHHBep3HTeT, yHHBep3HTeT H oTp flaM, yHHBep3HTeT y K apaKacy (B eHenyejia); npHM. B. B. n .

BpahaH>e n cn x e y H>eHO npHpojjHO OKpy*eH>e - y ncn xojiorH jy. C Tora h>hxobo r ec jio rjiacn: ElpaBa Mepa HOBenaHCTBa je h o b c k , a ncHxoJiorHje JJyma (Hillm an, J. 1975, c rp . 189.). HaBejjeHH m o to TBopu,a ap xeTHncKe ncHXOJiorHje IJejMca XnjiMaHa y n y h yje Hac jja je c p x OBe HayKe d y u ia , h o M3Kojihko oneKHBajiH jja ofl H>era hjih h h h x apxeT H nojiora AoSnjeM o Hej^BoCMHCJieH oflroB op Ha nHTaH>e: mTa j e j^yma? ocTaheMO ycKpaheHH oflroB opa. Pa3Jior HHje y HeMohn jja cBojy ,,H3BopHy MeTacf>opy (Hillman, J. 1985.) ojjpejje, j^o y HCTHHaH>y Aa je ,,HeyxBaTjbHBO OKOJiHmaH>e o k o H3p a3a flyma HeonxojjHo 3apaji H36eraBaH>a yHHmTas a jy h e r nocTBapeiba Tor nojMa.

I "

JJyma, n cn x a hjih aHHMa npejjcTaBjbajy ch h oHHMe K ojn He o3HanaBajy HayHHe H3pa3e hjih nojMOBe Beh npeBacxoj^Ho ch m 6ojic hjih MeTacJjope. K ao chm6oJIH, OBH H3f)a3H H3MHHy Hamoj CBeCHOj KOHTpOJIH; HrraBHme, MoaceMo p e h n jja npeflCTaBJbajy H aj6ojbe M oryhe H3pa3e H enera ih t o je Heno3HaTo, a m To HCTOBpeMeHO, CJIHKOBHTO H Ha >KHB H3HHH flOHapaBa o h o mTO j e HajjBajKHHje 3a HOBeKa - H>eroBo yHyTpam ib e 6 n h e h H>eroBe ojjHoce ca yHHBep3yMOM. Kao MeTa4>ope, HHKajja h x He MOceMO cxBaTHTH jjocjiobh o , B eh Kao H3pa3e kojh yBeK HMajy npec^HKc Kao jja. MeTacJ)opy, y obom y n eib y, Maibe T p e 6 a cxBaTHTH ceMaHTHHKH, Kao je3HHKy (J)Hrypy, n p e o h u i o j i o u i k u K30 H3HHH 6^BCTBOB3H>a HJIH, UCU.KOAOUIKU, Kao CrHJI cBecTH. IIlTaBHme, M eTa4)ope HHcy HaHHH H3paacaBaHia* OHe cy HaHHH carjieflaBaH>a, o c e h a ib a , noacHBJbaBaiba h 6HBCTBOBaH>a. H o fla 6 h x nnaK yj*0B0JbH0 HHTaoneBoj 3HaraacejbH a TpaacH jja Ha caMOM noneTKy HayHHor cnnca 6yjje nojam ibeH hjih jiec})HHHcaH npejjMeT p a c n p e , H3JioacHhy HeKa ojjpei)eH>a j^yme npoH 3am jia H3 n e p a IJejM ca XHJiM ana. f ly m a je , b c jih XHJiMaH: n e p c n e K THBa n p e H ero TBap, n o rjie ji Ha cTBapn n p e H ero cTBap n o c e 6 n . O B a nepcneK TH Ba je pet^JieKCHBHa... H eno^H aTaK0Mn0HeHTa Koja 0M 0ryhaBa 3HaneH>e, n p e -

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15

TBapa 36aBaH>a y floacHBJbaaaH>a, caonniT aB a c e y Jby6aBH, h TH^e c e pejiH raje. (H)MarHHaTHBHa M oryhnocT HaniHX n p n p o fla , (Koja c e ) AoxHBJbaBa Kpo3 pe(J)jieKCHBHy cneK yjiaiuijy, caH, n p e flc ra B y h 4>aH-

Ta3Hjy... (Hillman, J. 1975., X).

O rp a T e n ija apxeTH noJiora HHje y o6jeKTHBH3aI^HjH H flOCJIOBHOM nOHMaH>y Beh y MeTa(J)OpHMKOM npoMHiHJbaH>y h npoHHitaH>y y yHyTapH>y cyuiTHHy nojaB e. 3aTO H3a6paHH peflOBH XHJiMaH0B0r npH noBeflaH>a o flyuiH n p e Mory a 36yH e HHTaoua ho a My nojacH e o neMy ce oBfle flOHcra paflH. IUTaBHine, 3aroHeTKe ce caMO yMHO*aBajy a He yMan>yjy OBaKBHM oflpel)eH>HMa, je p He caMO fla HHje jacHHje HiTa ce mhcjih nofl flymoM Beh cmo onTepeheHH H3pa3HMa (J)aHTa3Hja, npeflCTaBa, nepcneKTHBa... ApxeTHncKa ncH xojiornja ynpaB o to h x o h e - a a noTBpflH 3 aro HeTKy fl;yuie, fla npy>KH o6jauiH>aBaH>e H enosH aTor jo u i Heno3HaTHjHM, ignotum per ignotius. IlcH xa HanpocTO jecT e h jo u i BHine, HeuiTo uito T pe6a 6 hth CTBOpeHO.
F lp e H ero HacTaBHM ca flaBaibeM KaKBor-TaKBor KocTypa apxeTHncKe ncHxojiorHje s y x a H caM aa yno3opHM HHTaoua Ha c th ji H3JiaraH>a. O b o c r o r a u it o My c e Moace yHHHHTH fla y flejiHMa a p x e T H n o jio ra HMa nyHO H e n o T p e 6 H o r noHaBjbaH>a, oflcycTBa HaynHe TepMHHOJiornje, eMnupHjcKHX noTB pfla, HHH>eHHua, 3aKJbynaKa hjih jiorHKe. CBe n o6 p o ja H o jaBjba c e y H>HXOBHM paflOBHMa ajIH He Kao UpOH3BOfl HeMohn hjih He3HaH>a Beh Kao H3pa3 cBpxoBHTor h jeflHHO Moryher onuiTeH>a o flyuiH. flpyraHHje peneHO, a p x e THncKa ncHxojiorHja noceflyje oco6eHy peiuopuicy k o ja j e npHJiaro^eHa npeflMeTy npoynaBaH>a a He HeKoj apXHM eflOBCKOj, ,,o6jeKTHBHoj ynopHUIHOj T3HKH H3BaH H>e (fly u ie). H a n o cjiefK y , nH T aiie peTopHKe y ncHxojiorHjH THHe c e Tora: ,,k o n p n n a KOMe, uiTa h KaKO caonurraBa. nouiTo j e flyuia Ta Koja npHnoBefla o c e 6 n (a He h o b c k ), oflHocHo h o b c k rjiac flyu ie, oHfla HarJiacaK HHje Ha oflHocy HoBeKa h flyuie Beh n cn x e h peHH, flyuie h jio r o c a (A,oyoq, r p .), a cn oj o b o flBoje je n o jb e H au ier flejiaH>a - ncHXOJiorHja. Y HfleajiHOM

CMHCJiy, ncHXOJiornja 3HaHH npHflaBaH>e flym e j%HKy h oTKpuBaH>e o flro B ap ajy h er ro B o p a flyuie. A a h h -h TaJiau iie noMHCJiH fla ce ca ob3Kbom ,,HeHayHHOM peTopHKOM flo cafla HHje c p e o , u i t o y ibeMy MO%e fla npoH3Befle ceMaHTHHKy cTpenH>y, noflceTHhy r a fla ce fly6nHCKa ncHxojiorHja TaKBHM cth jio m cJiy*HJia ofl cbojhx HajpaHHjHX flaHa: npHHe (o flo p n , HoBeKy ByKy, MajioM XaHcy...) Kao cjiynajeBH (HCTopnje 6o jiec t h ) , m h to b h o ncHxoflHjarHocTHUH, ynjiHTaH>e 6 oroBa y JbyflCKe naTH>e h acyflH>e (TaHaToc, Epoc, XnnHoc, <t>o6oc...), pHTyajiHa HcnoBeflaH>a Ha Kayny, nopoflHHHe c a re , peHHHK ajixeMHje (p ro jectio , su b lim a tio , c o n d e n sa tio ...), ch o b h , ceKcyajiHe (J)aHTa3Hje... flaKJie, yK0JiHK0 j e c th ji apxeTHncKe ncH xojiorH je nyH noHaBjbaH>a t o je cTora u i t o je flyuia JiyTajinua h jih 3aTO u i t o je H>eHO KpeTaibe KpyCHO ( I I jio th h , H-2-2). flym a ce cny3KH rpeniKOM, ynn Hac M ohtch> , Te je ibeH c th ji norpeiuaH y HHH>eHHijaMa, Jio rn u n h 3aKJbynuHMa. A k o je OBa peTopHKa npoTHBypeHHa ca caMOM co6om t o je crora i u t o ncnxa noceflyje He6pojeHO m h o iu tb o o6jiHKa, Te npeM a MoHTen>y: C b 3 k o k o 6pHJKJbHBo nornefla y CBoja H eflpa, T euiK o fla h e HahH c e 6 e flBanyT y h c to m craH>y. HeKafl CBojoj flyuiH flajeM jeflHo JiHue a HeKafl flpyro... O c e 6 n He M ory p e h n HuiTa noTnyHo, jeflHocTaBHo, h yBepjbHBO a fla HHje no6pKaHO h K0HcJ)y3H0 (Hillman, J. 1975, c rp . 213.). CTafbe.caBpeMeHe ncHxojiorHje oflpei)eHo je pacuenoM (splitting) n cn x e h Jioroca. HayKOBaH>e o n cn , x h je 06 e3 fly m eH 0 , oHa je cBefleHa Ha HayKy o n o , HauiaH>y, pafl xopMOHa, reHa, BeKTopa, flpyuiTBeHe 3aK0H0MepH0CTH, TpaHcnepcoHaJiHa ncKycTBa, MaTeMaTHHKe 4>opMyjie. 3 6 o r T o ra apxeTHnoJio3H h He * nokyuiaB ajy fla npoHal)y flyuiy y ncHxojiorHjH (je p je TaMo h HeMa) Beh fla je TBope y TeKCTy. flpyraHHje peneH o, Man>e je B a*H o npoyHaBaTH ncH xoaouiK o UITHBO KOJIHKO HHT3TH 6HJIO KaKaB TejCCT ( 6 hO OH Hka3aH y BHfly npHnoBeflaH>a naijHjeHaTa, hjih HanHcaH Kao KaKBa 4)HJioco(J)CKa, HavHHa KH>nra, oahocho KH,H>fCeBHO flejio) nCHXOJ!OUIKH.

16

A pxeT H ncK a n c H x o jio ra ja y BejiHKoj M epn n o HHBa Ha npeHcnHTHBaH>y n c H x o jio ra je (Re-Visioning Psychology), noHOBHOM H3ynaBaH>y, TyManeH>y h jih npeHHaMeH>y c B e ra o i t o oflHHie h c h x o (jio h ik h )m . 3at o Kafla c e ocjian>ajy Ha paflOBe BeJiHKaHa n c n x o j io r n je - n o n y T X epaK JiH Ta, H naTO H a, 'B opflaH a B p y H a, M ap cH Jin ja 4>HMHHa, M H K ejiaH ^ejia, BHKa, BHJiHjeMa B jiejK a, K o jip n ija , B a u iJ ia p a , X a jf le re p a , B ajT xefla, 4>pojfla h jih JyHra - apxeTH noJio3H c e n p e Bacx0flH 0 y c p ejp iiiiT y jy Ha h>hxobc HaHHHe r j i e f l a a a , nepcneK TH B e, Tj., h>hxobc n p H c ry n e h jih M eTojje, MaH>e Ha o h o uiT a cy o b h npoM aT pajiH h jih noK yniaBaJiH fla HCKa%y K po3 o h o i h t o cy o n a x a jiH . K ao i h t o Kaace A M a ^ e o T io p ^H (Giorgi, A . 1970, c r p . 129.), (JjeHOMeh o jio h ik h opnjeHTHcaHH n c n x o jio r , ,,c b 3 k o ca3HaH>e je nepcneK T H B a , h OBaj HcrpaacHBaHeB ,,n p H c ry n (ap proach j e H3pa3 K o ra Ha eHrjiecKOM T io p ^H KopHCTH; npHM. B. B. n .) M opa 6 h t h y3eT y o63H p h c n a p eH ca' MeTopoM h cajjpjK ajeM H>eroBor yneH>a. I lo f l npH CTynoM ce noap a3 y M eB a (J)yHflaMeHTajiHH n o r a e f l Ha MOBeKa h Ha c b c t K o je r HayMHHK r o h o c h h jih ycB aja, c o63H poM Ha CBoj p afl K ao HayMHHKa, 6 e 3 o 6 3 p a fla jih j e OBaj n o rjie fl H3peMeH h jih n p eh y T aH (Giorgi, A . 1970, cTp. 126.). Ha flejiy je KOHTHHyHpaHH flnjajieKTHmkh oflH oc H3Me^y* npHCTyna, M eTojje h n pe^M eT a npoyMaBaH>a. IIlTaBHHie, MeTOfl h n p H cry ri y3ajaMHO noflpa3yM eB ajy jejjaH f lp y ro ra . ripH C Tyn cTpyKTypHrn e MeTOfl h , o6pHyTO, MeTOfl oacHBJbaBa h n o K p e h e npncT yn. H ey n y h eH H MHTajiau, 6 h o o h n c n x o J io r, (Jjhjioco(|), nocJieHHK HeKe HHe HayKe h jih jib h k , c y c p e h y h n ce c a H3pa30M a p x e m u u c K a u c u x o n o lu ja CMaTpa fla ce H3a H>era K p n je ncHX0Ji0UiK0 HayKOBaH>e o apxeT H noBHMa, h i t o yHCTHHy HHje TaMHo - apxeT H ncK a n c n x o J io r n ja HHje n c n x o jio rH ja apxeT H noB a. O flH ocH o, H>eH npBeHCTBeHH u ,h jl HHje cnapHBan>e m h to jio h ik h x h yMeTHHMKHX TeMa ca OHHMa H3 CBaKOflHCBHOr JKHBOTa. TaMHHje peMeHO, Hfleja apxeT H ncK e n c n x o jio r n j e j e fla carjieflaB a cBaKH fle jin h *H BO 'ra, CHa h jih

n a T O Jio ra j^ K ao m h t h noe3H jy. Pen je o n c H x o jio ra jH K oja HaMepHO HCKOpaMyje H3 k jihhhm kof H crpaacH BaH>a hj I h aHaJiHTHMapeBe o p ^H H au n je, CMeuiTajyhH c e 6 e H acpefl 3anaflH>aMKe K yjiType HM araH aijH je, Ha Taj HaMHH u it o c e npH6jiH5KaBa h 3flpyacaBa c a yMeT H ouihy, KyjiTypoM, HCTopnjoM Hfleja, je p h caM a, n o nyT h > h x , H3BHpe H3 HM arHH aunje. H 3 p a 3 ,,a p x e THncKa npoHCTHMe H3 H>eHor ncT opH jcK or p a3 B o ja, k o jh ce He Moace pa3yMeTH h h t h n p a ra T H aKO K ao n o jia 3 H n rre He y3MeMO ,,aHajiHTHMKy hjih KOMnjieKcHy ncH xojiorH jy Kapjia ry c T a B a JyHra. rip e T n o c T a B JL aite H 3p asa ,,apxeTH ncK a H3pa3HMa KOMnjieKCHa h jih aHaJiHTHMKa" o6jauiH>aBa ce h ck o jih k h m pa3Jio3HM a. n p B O , no peMHMa poflpHaMejiHHKa h, HCTOBpeMeHO, H>eHor KyMa IJeMca XHJiMaHa (Hillman, J. 1970, CTp. 216.), ,,apxeT H n je ofl c b h x JyHroBHX n c n x o jio u ik h x HajBHine o h u i o a o m k u (noflB yK ao B. B. nonoBHh) 3acHOBaH... Obo 03HanaBaH>e oflpa>KaBa n p o fly 6 ji>eHy TeopH jy JyHroBor no3H H jer p a fla K ojn
n o j M o s a

n oK ym aB a fla p a 3 p e m u ncH xoJiom K e n p o 6 ji e k e c OHe cTpaH e HayMHix MOflejia h T e p a n n je . j],pyro, a p x e THncKo je ,,6 amTHHa c b h x K yjiTypa, c b h x o 6 jiHKa JbyflcKe flejia rao cT H , a He caM o caflpacaj KojHM ce 6 a p a T a yH yTap T e p an n jcK e ceaH ce... ApxenoBH cy n p a HCKOHCKH o 6 p a c u n K ojn pyKOBOfle nCHXOM, HO, OHH HHcy HCKJtyitHBO cBojcTBO ncH xe B eh c e npojaB Jbyjy Kp03 flyX0B l| 0, eCTeTCKO, JIHHrBHCTHMKO, flpym TBeHo H 4>H3HMKO. Kao npaHCKOHCKH, HeCBOflHBH o6paCUH noHamaH>a nojeflH H ua, ajiH h BacKOJiHKor MOBeMaHcTBa, apxeTHnoBH npeflCTaBJbajy 4)yHflaMeHTajiHe o 6 p a c u e jbyflCKor n o c T o ja ib a . npoyM aBaH>e MOBeKa,... M opa oTnoMeTH ofl HajocHOBHHjHX cjiojeB a K yjiType MHTOJiorHje, p e JiH rn je , yMeTHocTH, pHTyaJia - je p ce ynpaBo TaMo oflCJiHKaBajy npaHCKOHCKH o 6 p a c u n jbyflCKor flejiaH>a (nonoBHh, B. B. 1988, cTp. 65.). OflHOCHO, HaKO flpaCH fla c y apXCTHnOBH H3BOPHH 06 jih u h k o jh pyKOBOfle ncHxoM apxeTH ncK a n c n x o Jio r a j a Hfle flajbe ofl JyHra cM aTpajyhH fla o h h He M ory

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6 h t h HCKJi>yHHBO ,,cMemTeHH yHyTap Ayme B eh fla ce

V
c e H cnojbaB a Kpo3 npeflCTaBe. HoyM eHajiHH a p x e r a n je p e r s e ' HenpHK33HB Te ce H>HMe H H nrra He M o * e H CK a3ara. y CTBapH, m T a ro fl h c k o Kaace o a p x e r a n y p e r s e B eh j e c r e n p e ra o c T a B K a K oja ce pyKOBOflH HeKOM apxerancK O M npeflCTaBOM. To 3HaHH fla a p x e r a n c K a npeflcrraB a npeTxoflH h o flp ei)y je MeTa(|)H3HHKy x n n o T e 3 y H oyM eH ajiH or a p x e r a n a . C T o ra npHMeHHMO OKaM OB.6pnjaH Ha KaHTOB HoyMeH. C k h fla jy h n OBe H3JiHiHHe T eop n jcK e n p e n p e K e c a Jy H ro B o r n o H M atta a p x e r a n a , m h a p x e ra n c K o j npeflcraB H HOBpahaMO nyH y BpeflHocT (H illm an , J. 1980, c r p . 3 3 .). ,,A p x e r a n c K o HHje K a T e ro p n ja , h o o 6 jih k p a 3 MaTpaH>a h jih nepcneKTHBHCTHHKa o n e p a iin ja K ojy nojeflH H au MOce cnpoBecTH Hafl 6 h jio KojoM npeflcraB O M . 3aT O ceatcci n p e flc ra B a Moace 6 h t h a p x e ra n c K a , Tj., o h o i h t o h h h h HeKy n p e flc fa B y a p x e THncKOM HHje t o m T o OHa je c r e , H e ro o h o m T a o c o 6 a M O *e HanpaBHTH ofl H>e. Pa3M3TpaTH HeKy npeflCTaBy ap x e ra n c K H 3H3HH n o c M a T p a ra je K ao TaKBy, H3 o flp e ^ e H e nepcneK TH B e, np H flajy h n jo j oflpel)eH y e p e d H o c u i. ,,A pxeranaJiH 30B aH >e h jih BpeflHOBaibe n p e flc ra B e je o n e p a ip ija K oja ce oflBHja y oHHMa n p o M a T p a n a h jih , TaHHHje peneH O , nom eflH M a caMe HM arH H aunje. H>yjopmKH a p x e r a n o j i o r M. B. A flaM c caaceTO K a a c e : ,,...ap x era n c K O je y o k v rjie fla o iia cy6jeK T a K o ja nocM aT pa HeKy npeflCTaBy - ajiH, o h o je TaK oi)e, y fljpyroM cMHCJiy, y oKy iiM a u H a u ,u je , TpaHcueHfleHTHe flHMeH3Hje Kojy a p x e ra n c K H n c n xojio3H cM aTpajy K pajibe HecBOflHBOM Ha 6 h jio Kojy c n o co 6 H O c r K oja j e HMaHeHTHa cy6jeK Ty (Adams,

HcnojbaBajy y JiHHrBHCTHHKHM, ecTeTCKHM, co q n jajihhm h jih nyxoBHHM MOflejiHMa. Be3yjyhn ce 3a KyjiTypy h HMarHHauHj y npe h o 3a m cah iih h ck h h /h jih eMnHpHjcKO-ncHxojiouiKH MOfleJi, KojH TeacH CBoi)eH>y ncH xoJiornje Ha MaTepnjaiiHCTHMKe ocHOBe, a p x e ra noJio3H noKym aBajy fla o c n o 6 o a e flyuiy no3HTHBHcramkhx c r e r a . IIpeTnocTaBJi.aH.e npnneB a ,,ap x e ran c K a HMeh h ijh ,,a p x e ra n r a n e ce ncH xojiorH je Koja ce KopeHH y ecTeTHi^H h HMarHHaijHjH, a He HayijH. C xBaTajyhn CBe Kao noe3Hjy, ap x e ran o jio 3 H o cjio 6 at>ajy CBeCT H>eHe TaHaHe, HCTOBpeMeHo opoacH ane Jbyiirrype flocjiob h o c th , 3apafl OTKpHBaiba ny 6 HHe HCKyTBa H floJKHBJbaBaiba. H o, HaKo je cBojcTBO flym e fla npeTB apa 36HBaH>a y ^OKHBJbaBaibB, ynpaB o je npeflcraB a o h o i h t o ce floacHBJbaBa, o h o m To H3MHMe nocTBapyjyheM 30 CJ10BH0 M cxBaTaH>y. TaMHHje, xyflH>a flym e 3a caMOca3HaH>eM H aj6ojbe ce M o x e 3aflOBOJbHTH noM ohy H3p a3 a Kojn H>y caMy KOHcraTyHmy - nocpeflCTBOM n p eflCTaBa a He 4>hjioco(J)ckhx nojMOBa, HMarHHHpajyhn c e 6 e HaMecTO flet|)HHHmyhH ce6e. HeTBpTO, ap x era n cK a ncH xojiornja cjieflH JyHra y H>eroBoj to k h > h fla caHyBa <J)eHOMeHe nocpeflCTBOM n0HCT0BehHBaH>a flym e h npeflCTaBe. IlpeflCTaBa h c M H c a o cy lifleHTHHHH; h a o k c e npB o yo6jiHHaBa, floTJie flp yro n o c T a je jacHO. Y CTBapn, o 6 p a 3 a ij He Tpaacn TyManeH>e: o h oflcJiHKaBa B Jia c ra ra cM Hcao (Jung, C. G. W 8, cTp. 206.). Y M ecro fla c e nHTa KaKo cy a p x er a n h npeflCTaBa noBe3aHH, a p x e ra n o J io r 0Tn0HHH>e ca h ycpeflHm Tyje c e Ha npeflcraB e y cBoj h>hxoboj MH0r03HaHH0CTH. Ii3jeflHaHaBajyhH npeflCTaBy h cmhc a o , apxeTHncKa ncHXOJiorHja HarjiamaBa cjjeHOMeHcuiHU acneKT a p x e r a n a . IlpHfleB ,,a p x e r a n c K a flaKJie, He 03HanaBa h c k h Heca3HaTJbHBH h HoyMeHaJiHH caflp>Kaj y HecBecHOM, Beh HeflOKyHHBy h noJiHMOp $ H y npHpofly caMHX npeflcrraBa: Ilo fl a p x era n o M ja jeflHHO iiHjbaM Ha 4>eHOMeHajiHH a p x e r a n , OHaj k o jh

1997., 104.)

H a fla jb e ,

,,apxeTH ncK o

ce

ra n e

MH01uw.ee-

H o c iu u . Y

3 a jie t) y OBe n c H x o J io r H je H e C T o jn jeflaH

oflpe^eH H apxeT H n B e h MHoacHHa t h x ,,n p B o o 6 p a 3 a Ua ( a p x e r a n o B a , n p H M . B. B. F I o n o B H h ) . O H a no H H B a Ha npeM H C H fla n o c T o jn H e6pqjaH O M Horo BpeflHHX CTaHOBHmTa o 6 h j i o k o m nqjeflHHaHHOM n c n x o Jio iiiKOM 36HBaH>y, n p n neM y CBaKO cTaHOBHmTe n o c e -

20

flyje o c o 6 eHy apxeTH ncK y 0CH0By. XHJiMaH (1 9 7 1 .) C Tora CMaTpa a j e p e n o nojiHTencTHHKoj n c n x o Jio rH jn , cBaKaKo He BepcKOM onpefleJbeH >y h jih hcnoBeflaH>y KaKBe aH axpoH e peJiHTHje, K oja He flejrn MOHOTencTHMKe (m o h h c th m k c ) n p e,n p acy fle o jeflHHCTBy H HefleJLHBOCTH JIHHHOCTH. MHOrOCTpyKOCT JtyflcKe n p n p o fle , pa3HOJiHKOCT cTaHOBHiHTa h H a3opa, HaK yH yTap jeflHe o c o 6 e, 3axTeBa HajniHpH M o ry h n cneK T ap H3BopHHx c rp y K T y p a - n p B o o 6 p a 3 a u ,a . JJaKJie, yKOJiHKO ncH x o jio rH ja cejiH BepHO 3 a ripeflcraB H aKTyaJiHy pa3HOJiHKOCT fly m e oH a M opa fla c e yflajbH Ofl MOHOTeHCTHHKOr MHT3 O HeflejbHBOj JIHHHOCTH K oja c e y u ejioB Jbyje o k o , H C K Jbyi iH B O , je flH o r cpeflHm T a. Y k o jih k o JyHr Kaace n p e flc ra B a je n c n x a (Jung, C. G. CW 13, CTp. 50.) cjiefly jy h n H>eroBy MHcao, mh M o x eM o p e h n ,,flym y HHHe npeflCTaBe . O b h m n o n c TOBehHBaibeM HacTojHMO fla c e c a n p eflcraB aM a cycpeTHeM o Ha paBHH fly m e. JJ,pyraHHje p e n e H o , flym y MOJKeMO OTKpHTH h pa3yM eTH K p03 npeflCTaBe. HaKO jo m HHje BpeMe fla H3Jio5KHM yo6jiHHeHO yHeH>e o npeflCTaBaM a h HMarHHaunjH, cafla h y caM o r p y 6 o fla oi^pTaM p a 3 J io re 3 6 o r K ojnx HeKy npeflCTaBy MoaceMO Ha3BaTH apxeuiuucKOM, CTora fla 6 h yK a3ao Ha jo m jeflaH (3 acafla nocjieflH>n) p a 3 Jio r flaB aiba npBeHCTBa to m H 3pa3y n p e fl nojMOBHMa ,,KOMnJieKCHa h jih ,,aHaJIHTHHKa . A pxeTH ncK H KBajiHTeT npeflCTaBa H cnojbaB a ce Kp03: ,,a) TaHHo ociiH K aB aibe npeflCTaBe; 6 ) flpacaiba 3a npeflCTaBy h , HCTOBpeMeHO, M eT a^opH H K o cjiym a ib e HCTe; b) OTKpHBaibe h y > k h o c th yH yTap n p eflCTaBe; r ) floCHBjbaBaH>e HefloKVMHBor a H a jio m K o r 6oraTCTBa npeflCTaBe. FIom TO CBaKa npeflCTaBa Moace yflOBOJbHTH ob h m KpHTepHjyMHMa, Ma K oja npeflCTaBa M oace 6 h t h cxB aheH a K ao apxeT H ncK a (Hillman, J. 1977, CTp. 82.). H 3 p a 3 apxeT H ncK a y o n ncH B aiby n p eflCTaBa cBe B nrne noH H ibe fla HaM cM eTa je p flejiyje H3JIHIUHO h npeKOMepHO, K ao fla HeMa flecKpnnTHBHy

<J)yHKHHjy. H o MHMe o6jacHHTH H arJiam eH o K o p n m h e H>e cnoM ?H yT or H 3pa3a y paflOBHMa a p x e T H n o Jio ra ? JJa jih o h yKa3yje Ha H em T o? HaM ecTO fla yK a3yje Ha HemTO, ,,apxeTH ncK o H aro B eiirraB a fla HemTO jecuie - a t o j e epedHocui. n p H n H c y jy h n H3pa3 ,,apxeTH ncK a npeflCTaBH, m h j e yHCTHHy 0njieMeH>yjeM0 h o c HaxcyjeMO Hajum pHM , Haj6oraTHjHM h Hajfly6jbHM MoryhHM 3HaieH>HMa. ,,A pxeT H ncK a , flaKJie, yKa3yje Ha B peflH ocr. ^ k o j i h k o OBaj 3aKJbynaK npeH eceM O Ha n o Jb e caM e ncH x o jio rH je oHfla ,,apxeTH ncK a n c n x o jio r n ja 3HaHH ncHXOJiorHja B peflH O cra." (H illm a n , J. 1977.) A pxeT H nojiom K H 3axBaT ycM epeH j e TOMe fla n c a x o jio rH ja BacnocTaBH cBoj H3BopHH - H ajm npH , H aj6oraT H jn h Hajfly6jbH - o n c e r h fla 6yfle y ca3Bynjy c a flym oM h h>chhm onncH M a Kao HeflOKynHBe, m horo c rp y K e , npBeHCTBeHe, nji0fl0H0CHe h Hy>KHe. Y k o jih k o CBe npeflpTaB e M ory 3aflo6HTH apxeT H ncK o o 6 e jiea cje oHfla cBaKa ncH xoJiorH ja Moace 6 h t h a p x e THncKa, yKOJiHKO c e o c jio 6 o a h CBoje n e p c o H e h 6yfly carJieflaH e cKpHBeHe BpeflHOCTH H>eHHX npeflCTaBa. fla K Jie, apxeTHqcKO c e , y o b o m c jiy n a jy , THMe 3axB aTa K o ra HOCJieHHUH OBe h jih OHe ncHXOJiorHje M ory yHHHHTH n p e H e ro c a flp ac ajn KojHMa c e 6aB e. H o, fla ap xeT H ncK a n c H x o jio rn ja He 6 h n o c T a jia n c n x o J io r n ja ap x eT H noB a, epednocui K ojy y HeMeMy OTKpHBaMO n e cMeMO flocJiOBHo cxBaTHTH, je p heMO, y npoTHBHOM, noB epoB aTH fla o b h yHHBep3aJiHH npB o o 6 p acu ,H 3aHCTa uociuoje. Y t o m c jiy iia jy 6 h heMO npncH JbeH H fla npH K ynjbaM o flocJioBHe flOKa3e H>HxoBor n o c T o ja ib a y pa3HOJiHKHM K yjiTypaM a CBeT a, h jih heM o, naK , jypHTH 3a eMnnpHjcKHM noT B pflaMa o H o r a m T o je no fle(|)HHHUHj h HenpeflcraBJbH BO h H eH3peuHBo. 3 anoH eB m H npHHy o apxeTH ncK oj ncH xojiorH jH K ao u c u x o jio u ju epedH O ciuu, n o c re n e H O ce npnfleB ,,apxeT H ncK a n p eT B ap a y no3aflHHy a nojaM n c n x o jio r n je npeH H an y je y (J)Hrypy. flaK Jie, H am Ta c e oflh o c h nojaM n cH xoJiorH ja?

22

23

H3H afl CBera Ha n cH x o jio rH jy K oja c e pa3B H jajia y KOHTeKCTy ncHXOTepanHje a Ha3HBaHa j e n c n x o a H a JiH3a h jih fly6 nHCKa n c H x o jio ra ja . ,,A y6 HHCKa ncHx o jio r a j a ( Tiefenpsychologie) je H3p a 3 K o ra je noneTKOM BeKa cKOBao HiBaji^apcKH n cH x n jaT ap OjreH B jio jjie p '(Eugen Bleuler ) K ao o jjro B a p a jy h e HMe 3a pa3HOJiHKe/niKOJie (^>poj^OBy, JyH roB y, A jjjie p o B y h HHe) HOBe(, HayKe Ha3BaHe ncHXoaHajiH3a (Ellenb erg er, H. T. 1970.). IloM eB o ^ 1896. roflHHe Kafla ce jaBJi>ajy npBH H aroB eniT ajH H .eroB e T e o p n je H ey p o 3a, G. O pojA (Freud, S.) j e CMaTpao fla ny6HHCKa n cn x o J io r a ja npeflCTaBJba KJtyM 3a oTBapaH>e 3aMaHj*aJbeHHX BpaTa H ecBecH or, Te fla h e 0TKJbyMaBaH>eM t h x flB epn yBehaTH ca3HaH>e h o6oraTH TH pa3yM eB aibe CBecHor yMa. BeJiHHHHa H>eroBor noTXBaTa o rjiej^ a jia c e y TOMe u it o je n p e y c M e p n o ncHXOJioiHKe n o rjie fle c a X0pH30HTaJiHe Ha BepTHKajiHy flHMeH3Hjy. I la a a b a j e npey cM ep eH a c a 0 H 0 r uiT a ce jjem aB a Ha noBpuiHHH Ha o h o HiTa 3ajjHpe y ay6HHy. I lo jb e a e jia ib a je MaH>e <J)H3HKajiHCTHiiKH HayMHo, oflHocHO M aibe yCMepeHO Ha aHajiHTHMKy p ejjy K ip ijy h paniM JiaibaB aibe 4>eHoMeHa, BHine MeTa(J)H3HMKH 4>hjioco(J)CKo, j e p ijHJba Ha

c r o p y 2. O fl X epaK JiH Ta HaoBaM o d y 6 u u y BHiue He T p e 6 a ckBaTaTH y T0n0Ji0UiK0M cM ncJiy Beh K ao ycMepeH>e, KBaJiHTeT h jih jpm eH 3H jy a y u ie . Pen je o o n e p a u n jH n p o jjn p a ib a , npo3HpaH>a, nposy6jbH BaH >a Kojy cnpoB oaH caM a n c n x a cBojHM K peTaibeM H aH H *e, y fly6HHy h MpaK (He 30BeM0 y3ajiyfl X epaK JiH Ta M panHHM ; npHM. B. B. I I .) . HanpaBHM O jih orpoM aH ckok Kpo3 HCTopnjy, Ha noneTaK XX BeKa, cjihhho MoaceMo p e h n 3a caBpeM eHo noH M aibe Ay6nHCKe n c n xoJioraje: aKo npoyH aB aM o n c n x y M0paM0 nhn y jjy6BHy, a aKO HfleMO y y6HHy Ayma je Ta Koja n p e jj-

BOJJH, MH CMO TH KOjH je CJieflHMO.

3aiby6jbeH H K p e n n P . PoMaHHiiiHH y H>HMa n y je ojyeK j^peBHHX pHTMOBa h n ecaM a R yuie, a H>eHa d y 6 u u a noce6H O n o 6 y i)y je H>eroBy n a a o b y . ,,...6 a u ix y c ro B o p n o 3y6HHH, a p e n je cpoflH a (peHH) T y ra - neHTk o c - y CTpaCTH h naTibH - n aT x o c. Y oboj KOHCTejiauHjH, r e cy peHH n o n y T 3Be3Aa A yuie, d y 6 u u a je 3 m 6 h c KOMe cmo npHByHeHH naTibOM K ojy H3a3HBa T y ra 3 6 o r n p e T p n jb e H o r ry 6 n T K a... (R o m an y sh y n , 2000., 94). Ty6HTaK h naTH>a o KojHMa roB opH PoM aHHHIHH, H H>HXOB OflHOC Ca Ay6HHOM, THHy Ce HHflHBHflyaJiHor h KOJieKTHBHor ry6H TKa o c e h a ib a 3a BojKaHCKO h JJy iu y , u it o y CBHMa HaMa p a ^ a jjoaaiB Jbaj 6ecKyhHHuiTBa. ,,T y ra je , OTyjja noB paTaK K yhn, h Taj noB paT aK K yhn oTnoH H ibe, h je jp m o Moace oT noneT H y y6HHH, h ^ MecTy rfle oT n aflajy cbh o cjiohi ^h e r o CBeCTH, a MH CTOjHMO HarH H C3MH y CTpaHOM CBeTy 2 XeJieHHCTa CBeTCKor rjiaca a cpncKor nopeKJia M npocjiaB MapKOBHh y cbom TyMaHeH>y XepaKJiHT0 B0 r 4>parMeHTa (<t>par. 67) kojh roB opn o jiy6HHH nym e 3aKJbyMyje: IlpeM a TOMe, no MOMe MHUiJbeH>y, a(J>opH3aM 6h 3HaHHO cjiejjehe: rp^HO ce Bapajy JbyflH kojh CBoje MHTCKe xepoje m ajby na Kpaj ceeiua, fla OTKpHjy Bpejio h yTOKy 3yme! IlpHHiiHn jjyme Kpnje ce y ny6HHH jbyncKor opraHH3Ma... HeMa noTpe6e nhn Ha Kpaj cBeTa, nopynyje XepaKJiHT, ^a ce OTKpnje TajHa jjyme: OHa ce Hajia3H y dy6uH.u ceanuje opami3Ma (MapKOBHh, M. 1983.); npHM. b . b . n.

upody6/bueafbe pa3yMeBaH>a.
H a K o npeycM epaBaH>e HaniHX ncHxojiouiKHX n o rjie fla Ha ay6HHy h BepTHKajray jjHMeH3Hjy n p n n H cyjeMo C. <J)pojfly, y n cT H H y npBH a v 6 h h c k h n c n x o J io r je XepaKJiHT MpaMHH (Hillman, J. 1979.). BejiHKH rpMKH (Jjhjioco^) yjeflHO je h npaBH n c H x o jio r j e p je 6 h o npBH K ojn j e jjoB eo y cMHcaoHy Be3y ncnxy (vj/u^ti), J io ro c (kojoc,) h ay6HHy ((3d0u<;, P aO uv): ,,AyuiH r p a m m e H eh ern H ahn, M aKap o 6 H u ia o CBe nyTeB e; TaKO j e fly6oK o (cKpHBeHa) H>eHa M epa ( j i o r o c ) , yMH Hac MpaHHH. IIpeMa MHinjbeH>y BpyHa CHejia (Snell, B. 1960, CTp. 17.): ,,Y XepaKJiHTa je npeflCTaBa ny6HHe 3 aM H H iJbeH a TaKO a 6au;a c b c t j io Ha HeH3MepHBy ijpT y fly u ie h H>eHor uapcT B a: jja n o c e a y je B JiacT H T y AHMeH3Hjy, jja c e He HinpH y n p o -

24

3HM CKHM h c 6 o m ( h c to , 195.) ApxeTHnnpHcycTBO, K oje b o a h TBopeH>y A ym e, oTnoHHH>e y n p a B o Ha M ecry rjje 6HBaMo oflHpHyTH h noKpeHyTH 6o*aHCKHM MpaKOM, y CBoj H>eroBoj JienoTH h yacacy. H a K o je ay6HHCKa ncH X O Jiornja oT noM ejia ch Jia3aK y Ay6HHy OpojjjoBH M e M n n p n jc k h m Traumd eu tu n g (TyMaMeH>eM CHOBa, npHM. B. B. n .) , K. T. JyHr je 3acnyacaH i i i t o je n c H x o jio rn ja HanocjieTKy n o c r a jia oH T O Jiornja fly m e 3acHOBaHa Ha ap x eT H noBHMa (Hillman, J. 1978.); n o u iT o y oBoj ncH x o JiorajH ay6nH a flym e o3HanaBa OHy paBaH 6 n h a Koja je Hajcy6jeKTHBHHja, TpaHcijeHjjeHTHa h 6e3JiHHHa h K oja npeflcTaB Jba o c h o b h i ^ h M aT pm jy cBaKOJiHKor noH am an>a nojenH H ija. J I h h h o j e 3acHOBaHO Ha HajjJiHHHOM, Te oHfla oHa B acnocTaB Jba npaBH n o o c n cn xe. Y k o jih k o flym y CTaBHMo y cpe^H iiiT e n a m e na>KH>e, a H>eHHM apxeTHncKHM fly6HHaMa flaMO npBeHCTBO Hafl MecTHMa r a e M O *e jja c e HcnojbH, OHfla ncH X O Jioraja yncTHHy n o c T a je a p x e iu u u c K a u c u x o jio u ja K ajjpa fla Ha o A ro B a p a jy h n HaHHH npo y H aB a cBoj npejjM eT ncHxy. JJ,yxaH caM u a Ha ob o m MecTy nojacHHM (n p o 3y6HM ?) MeTacJ)opy BepTHKaJiHocTH h ay6H H e. floc jio b h o cxBaTaH>e KpeTaH>a Hajjojie, 6 h jio y BHjjy 6 h o Jio u iK o r 6 h jio H CTopnjcK or penyKU,HOHH3Ma, H ap y m aBa h , jo m r o p e , noHHm TaBa MeTacjjopHHKy aHMeH3Hjy ycMepeH>a HaHHace. H e pajjH c e o HHTpoBepTHOM ycM epen>y y c e 6 e , y aM 6nc h jih TajHy o flajy (ABryc t h h BjiaaceH H ) o co 6 H H o r caM crB a. OcHOBHa pa3JiHKa H3Met)y <I>p0jfl0B0r, BHiue ^ocjioBHor, h JyHroBor cxBaTaH>a pep,yKii,Hje, THHe c e y n o T p e 6 e nojM a y 3 p o Ka. O p o j^ r a KopncTH B H m e MexaHHHKH, ^ o c jio b h o , n o H a jn p e y cMHCJiy c a u s a e ff ic i e n s (^eJiOTBopHa y3P o h h o c t, JiaT.). ricHXoaHaJiH3a B p a h a o c o 6 y yHa3afl Kpo3 BpeM e, K po3 aKTyaJiHy m chbothv H cro p H jy, Ka y3pou;HMa 3aKonaHHM y cehaH>HMa h cJ)aHTa3MHMa H3 H ajpaH H jnx ^aH a. JyHr H3jeflHanaBa ncHXOJioiHKy Hflejy CHHTe3e c a peflyKu;HOHH3MOM (CW 13, c r p . 278.), h o o h H a ra a m a B a a j e p e n o u c u x o j io u i k o m p e d y K U ,iio iio a t h m h h m , cko

HU3My. y Jy H ra , peflyKijHja He n p eB acxo^H y BpeMeHy B eh y o H iu o jio u ju , c ra T y c y h BpeflHocTH. H o K ao u i t o to M H anpefl HCTaKao npB oo6paci^H cy, np B o h o c HOBHO, M eTa(J)ope a He CTBapH n o c e 6 n , h jih K ao u i t o |yB r HCTHHe, o h h HMajy KBajiHTeT ,, k u o d a , o ^ h o c h o jjp e 3 craBJi>ajy ncHxojioniKe M oryhHocTH (Berry, P. 1,982.). G r o r a j e ije jm apxeTHncKH n p o i^ e c pejjyKOsaH>a 3acHOBaH Ha MeTacJjopaMa p rim a m ateriae , k o p eH a, H 3Bopa, ocHOBe, a t o hh h h jj,a ce h caM n p o u ,ec XBaTH K ao MeTa<J)opa. A pxeT H ncK a n c H x o jio ra ja je jo m pa#HKaJiHHja oh Jy H ra , y cTB apn o ho mTO ce koa H>era Ha3Hpe H3M e^y peflOBa y h > hxobhm cnncHM a je He/jBocMHCJieh o HCKa3aHo. JJy6nHa, KpeTaH>e H aH H *e r a n e c e yHyTpamH>ocTH K ao KanaijH TeTa y H y ra p cbhx CTBapn. C B e cTB apn n o c e a y jy HeKo apxeT H ncK o 3HaneH>e h noflJiojKHe cy ncHX 0Ji0mK 0M npoflHpaH>y, a oB a yHyTapH>ocr c e H cnojbaB a y (J>h 3 h o h o m ck o m K apaK Tepy CTBapH x0pH 30H TajiH 0r CBeTa. JJy 6 HHa c T o ra HHje 30 cjiobho cKpHBeHa, ^y 6 o K o flOJie, yHyTpa. TaHHHje p e neH o, (J)aHTa3Hja a y 6 HHe Hac o x p a 6 p y je fla H3HOBa n o rjie^aM O Ha cBeT, fla y cb 3 kom 36HBan>y npoHHTaMO H em To fly6jbe (Hillman, J. 1967, CTp. 60.). HaM ecTO fla H am a HCTpaCHBaH>a h n p e T p a re HenpeKH^HO c n p o BOflHMO T p a ra jy h n 3a jo m HeoTKpHBeHHM, HeaHaJiHsoBaHHM h jih HeocBeuiheHHM , apxeT H ncK a n c n x o jio r a j a Hac yHH "^a je jjy 6 HHa y CBeMy OHOMe h i t o je npH po^H O h OHeBH^HO. f ly 6 HHa, ^aK Jie, HHje hocjiobhh HJIH <J)H3HHKH TOnOC (lOKOS), B eh H3BOpH3 MeTa<J)opa Ha K ojoj ,,noHHBa MaKaKaB bhh n cH x o jio u iK o r m h m jb e ib a . n c H x a TpaacH CBoj jio r o c , h t o j e ochobho 3Han e fb e ncH X o jio raje. n o peHHMa ou,a apxeTH ncK e n c n x o J io ra je IJ. X njiM aH a ocHOBHa MeTa<J)opa ncHX 0Ji0 r a j e M opa 6 h t h flym a. n c n x o J io r a ja ( jio r o c n c n x e ) eTHMOJiomKH 3HaHH: pa3MaTpaH>e, p a 3 ro B o p h jih cxBaTJbHBO o6pa3JiaraH >e flym e. 3 a a a T a K n cH x o Jio ra je je jja oT K pnje J io ro c n c n x e , ^ a o n c K p S u flym y o ^ r o BapajyhH M o6jamH>eH>HMa H>e caM e (1985, CTp. 16.).

26

27

H o, yKOJiHKO je c p x oBe HayKe Ayma, He MO*eMO a ^a ce He 3anHTaMo y CTHJiy Ro6po BacnHTaHor (Jjhjioco(J>a: uiTa je flyuia?
A k o je H niTa H3BecHO y apxeT H ncK oj iic h x o jio t h j h , oHfla j e t o TBpflH>a jja n c n x a HMa cB ojy BJiacTHTy jiorH K y (Christou, E. 1987.). yT eM ejteH > e H>HxoBe n c H x o jio ra je c oH e crrpaHe n c n x e , 6 h jio Ha MeTa(J)H3Hi;H n p n p o flH e HayKe h jih er3HCTeHipijajiHoj aH aJIH3H K oja TeM ejbe TpaacH y MeTa(J)H3HHKoj o h to jio r a j n , He3aMHCjiHBa je , H enacH a h , HaflacBe, n o ry 6 H a p a 6 o T a n o caMy 3 y m y . H>HXOBa M e T a n c H x o jio raja h h j e 3acHOBaHa Ha craTHCTHMKoj B epoB aT H ohn, cH Jiora3MHMa, 6noxeM njcK oj aHajiH3H, cneKyjiaTHBHoj MeTa(J)H3imH B eh Ha (peHOMeHO/iouju dyiue. 3 a apxeTH n o jio r a ficuxa j e upea peajiHocuil C T o ra , J io ro c fly n ie, Ha npBOM M ecry , M opa 6 h t h cxB aheH K ao n cH x o n o TiTK'pf (J)eHOMeH k o jh H3BHpe H3 acyAH>e caM e n c n x e 3a caMOca3HaH>eM, a K oja c e H aj6 o jb e mo>kc 3afl0B0jbHTH o h h m i i i t o H>y caM y TBopH - Kpo3 upedcuiaee. M eT a ncH X O Jioraja h jih T e o p n ja , flaKJie He npe^cT aB Jbajy T p a ra ib e 3a cm hcjiom c OHe cTpaH e fly m e, B eh nocpeA H>eHe BJiacTHTe HMaraHaTHBHe jjeJiaTHocTH. IT chxojio h ik h nojMOBH h Hfleje c a rjie flaB ajy c e K ao H3pa3H HMaraHai^Hje h HHTajy K ao MeTa(J>ope. HHKaKO jjpyra n H je He MoaceMO H33BaTH OBy flejiaT H o er flo K ao ucuxouoe3ujy (TBopen>e flym e; npHM. B. B. FL). Ilo i h t o o b o , HCTOBpeMeHO, 3H3HH ^ a n p a K c y npHMeH>yjeM o Ha H>eHoj T e o p n jn (T e p a n n jy Ha n cH x o jio rajH ; npHM. B. B. II.) oHfla H3pa3H n c n x o T e p a n H ja h n c n x o J io r a ja n o c T a jy Hcro3HaHHH. IIocJieA H ija OBe, H3H3r jie n TpHBHj ajiH e, MeHTajiHe aK po6ai^H je Moace HMaTH flajieKOcejKHe n o cjiejjH u e 3a ncH xoJiorH jy y o n m T e : ojj c a jja ceaica ncH X O Jioraja MOJKe 6 h t h ncH X O Tepaim ja.

napa

HHTaoi^y H^eHTHTeT npe^M eTa

onncHBaiba.

HfleHTHTeT HHje 3a#aT hjih noHyi)eH Hero HajjacBe n p o n e c caMoyo6jiHHaBaH>a h caMoynoce6jbaBaH>a cy6jeKTa, kojh ce6e ona% a h 6HBa onaaceH hctobcthhm ynpK oc cbhm npoMeHaMa Koje ce y H>eMy hjih oko H>era onrpaB ajy y BpeMeHy. y 06pa30BaH>y HfleHTHTCTa jeflHy ofl KJbyHHHX yjiora H ipa n p o ije c noH croBehHBaH>a ca 3HanajHHM RpyraMa. Ilom TO je cy-

6jeKT HHjnM ce HjjeHTHTeTOM 6aBHMo apxeTHncKa

HCHXOJioraja, Hauie y3HMaH>e aHaMHC3e Mopa a yKJbyHH n p erjiefl HMeHa h yneH>a ohhx K ojn cy joj nocJiy>KHJiH Kao y3op. Ilom TO caM Ha npeTXOjjHHM crpaHHU,aMa cnoMHH>ao H3pa3e Kojn ce THHy pa3Boja, KyMCTBa, poflHTejbCTBa h cji., o c r a h y y Toj reH eaJIOUIKOj/pOflOCJIOBHOj 4>aHTa3HjH H y HajKpahHM ljpTaM a yKa3aTH caMO Ha HajBa%HHje po^HTejbCKe h p o ijaHKe jiHKOBe, Tj., h > hxobc noyK e h 3aBemTaH>a Koja cy apxeTHnojio3H npey3eJiH (noncTOBeTHJiH c e ca h > hMa) h , mTO je jo m BaxcHHje, npeHHanHJiH to k o m

H3ipa^HBaH>a BJiacTHTor HfleHTHTeTa. O ahocho , p efloBH Kojn cjiefle THi^ahe ce HCKJbyHHBo o h h x H^eja, nojMOBa h jih TexHHKa Koje cy ofl n pecy ^H o r 3H an aja 3a pa3B oj apxeT rfncK e ncH xojioraje, a Hehe npeflCTaBJbaTH Hc^pnHo npHKa3HBaH>e yneH>a <J)HJioco<j)a h HayHHHKa n n je cy T eopnje npey3eT e.

a ) K a p ji TycTaB JyH r

2. P onocjioB H O c T a S jio ap x eT H n cK e n c H x o jio rH je

C b 3 k o ocjiH K aB aibe H eK or yHeH>a, y H am eM CJiyn a jy je ^ H e ncHXOJiouiKe T e o p n je , n oK ym aB a fla # o -

HajBehH 6p o j MeTaTeopHjckhx , TeopHjcKHX h npaKTHHHHx caHHHHTejba cBor yneH>a apxeTHnojio3H TeMejbe Ha TeKCTOBHMa npB or H enocpeflH or o ija apxeTHncKe ncHXOJioraje K a p jia ry c ra B a JyH ra (H illman, J. 1985.). H o npey3HMan>e JyHroBHX H^eja je , a hcto Ba>KH h 3a o c ra jie y3ope, y jjpyroM iuiaHy. y * h * h je iu eK ciu (JyHroB) Kojn ce xepMeHeyTHHKH HuiHHTaBa He3aBHCHO o H>eroBor ajrro p a. ,,XepM eHeyTHKa.... o c r a je yMeTHOCT pa3a6npaH>a HCKypca y flejiy; ajin oBaj AHCKypc je jeflHHO ^aT y h Kpo3 crpyK Typy flejia, uiTaBHme, TyManehH tckct mh He

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29

jj0 Jia 3 H M 0 flo a y T o p a B eh t c k c t n p e f l e r a B J b a ,,M eflH jyM K p 0 3 K ojn p a3 y M eB a M O c e 6 e caM e ( R ic o e u r , P . 1 9 9 7 , c r p . 8 3 .) .

cao.

H 3p a 3

,,c x H 3 0 M0 p (J)H a

cT pyK T ypa

cK O B ao

je

H 3 H 3 y 3 eT H o o 6 H M H o r f l e jia u i B a j i j a p c K o r n c a x o T e p a n e y T a a p x e T H n 0 J i0 3 H H3jjBajajy c j i e f l e h e c a f lp a c a j e K oje y3H ^yjy y cB ojy n c H x o jio n ijy :

1. Ilorjiefl
2 . ncH xy,

H a cB eT

(Weltenschauung),

)K n ji6 e p J],yp a n ( D u r a n d , G . 1 9 9 1 .) ca c e jb O M n a H a r J i a c n p a c n o jd y h e H O C T 3 a n aflH o r yMa n n je npeflOMaBaH>e, y T e M ejteH O H a flHjepeTHHKOM h noJieMHHKOM, noHHBa H a HrpH aHTHTeTHHKHX UpeflCTaBa H JIH K O B a. C j i h h h o OfljjHKaMa MOflepHe, cxH30M0p4>He cTpyK Type n p eflc r a B J b a j y caflpacaje K oje apxeT H nojio3H n p e H c n H T y j y aJiH K oje, H croBpeM eH o, He npeflCTaBjbajy h > h x o b Bje4 > paH i^yqK H a H T p o n o j i o r h a p x e T H n o j i o r

3 . n p e flC T a B y , 4 . apxeT H n,

p y jy 3 a p a f l yuiTefle Ha BpeMeHy H3Hehy caMO HeKe ofl HypaHOBHX ( 1 9 7 6 . ) cx h 3 o m o p 4 )h h x crrpyKTypa h t o iT pe c B e r a o H e K o je cy HajBHiue H 3JioxeH e k p h t h i j h o fl C T pa H e J y u r a h apxeTH noJiora. n p e cB e ra t o je dyaM i3aM , K o jn c e o r a e f la y pa3JiyH H B aH >y n p n p o f l e " Ofl JbyflC K e fly u ie, J a ofl H e J a , y M a o fl TeJia, f ly x a ofl
T B a p n ... C yuepH auiypanu3 aM, Kao flp y ra c x H 3 0 M 0 p ^ JH a C T p y K T y p a , n o f lp a 3 y M e B a C T B ap aae HOBeKa h

5. ncHXHHKy peaJiH O C T ,
6 . MeTa(J)OpHHKH flHCKVpC MHT3, 7 . 4>aH T a3H jy. J y H ro B n o r j i e f l H a c b c t j e u o c u l M o d e p m i c m u H K u ( G r i f f i n , D . R . 1 9 8 9 ; C a s e y , E . 1 9 8 7 .) . O h o fl6 a i* y je M H o ra yneH > a h flo rM e W e l te n s c h a u u n g - a M o d e p u e , K o ja j e c B o je K o p e H e y e B p o n c K o j c b c c t h n o n e j i a fla n y u i T a y ceflaM H aecT O M h o ca M H a ec T O M B eK y , Kp03 f l e ji a h m h c j ih T a jiH J ie ja , M e p c e H a , f l e K a p T a , P . B o j j i a , X o 6 c a , B a p K J in ja , X jy M a , J l o K a h H byT H a. O c h o b h c o flJiH K e n o r J i e f l a M O flep H e c y T p o ja K e : 1 ) M e x a m i c u i u h k o y n e h b e o u p u p o d u , n p e M a KOMe c y n p n p o f l H e n o ja B e y n o T n y H o c T H JiH in e H e h ^ j i h o c t h , n c K y c T B a h j i h

CBeTa e x n i h i l o , ofl CTpaHe cBeMohHor 6oxaHCTBa, K oje HaMehe KpeTaKbe h 3aK0HHT0CT npnpoflH, a ii0BeK0B0j
ji h h h o c t h y c K p a h y je M opajiH e, ecreTCK e h pejiH rnjcK e B p eflH o cT H . T p efca je a u ie u c m u H K i i M a m e p u ja n u 3 a M h H>eH H3flaHaK HaynHH M aTepnjajiH3aM ; o 6 a n o j i a 3 e ofl npeTnocTaBK H fla HeMa 6 o r a h h HOBeKOBe flym e. MexaHHU,HCTHMKH n o rjie fl ce He n p o T eac e caMO Ha Hefl>yflCKy T B o p eB H H y B e h H a u ,e o y H H B ep3yM ( K o jn c e

yH y T p au iH > o cT H ; 6 h j i o K aK B e M o h H fla A e Jia jy h j i h fla c e H a h> h x ^ e j i a c a fla jb H H e ; cBa y 3 p 0 H H 0 C T j e jje jio T B o p H a, a H e 4 > H H ajraa, npH iie M y H eM a a K ijn je H a a a jb H H y , B e h OHa M opa 6 h t h K O H TH H reH TH a; 2 ) e M u u p m a M n y A H O c u iu , n o KOMe j e CBe ca3H aH >e H 3BefleH O H3 n y j i H o r o n a j K a i t a , TaKO fla c e c b b k o BaHMVJiHO h j i h H en y jiH O o n a a c a i t e n o p H l ie ( u i t o n poH C T H H e H3 T o ra fla c e c b h y 3 p o H H H V TH i^ajn o f lB n ja jy

BHiue He Mo^ce m h c jih th K ao TB opeB H H a/K peaipija) K o jn je pai^HHH>eH 6 h jio KaKBe yHyTpauiH>ocTH,
yaKHTKa, M a r H je h jih c b p x o b h to c th . YKpaTKO, c b c t BHUie H H je HOCHJiau; HHKaKBHX o6jeK TH B H H X BpeflHocTH, HHTeHi^HOHajiHOCTH h jih CMHCJia. M ndueudy0A U 3 0 M j e c jie fle h a cTpyK Typa, K o ja Moacfla noH aj6oj t e caacHMa h ojiHii,oTBopyje MOflepHHCTHMKe n o rjie fle . CeH3ai^HOHaJiHCTHHKO yneH>e o onajKaH>y HayKyje Hac fla HHuiTa H e Moace y h n y JtvflC K H yM flo K po3 n o jeflH H H eB a TeJiecHa n y jia . n p H nyjiH O M onax aH > y yHCTHHy H H u iT a ofl c n o jb a u iH > e r cBeTa He yjia3H y yM Te He n o c T a je H >eroB k o h c t h t ^ 't h b h h caflpacaj; yM HanpocTO n o c e f l y j e iiy jm e n o fla T K e h jih o ceT e, K o jn H a

H3Met)y

iS H B a tb a K o ja c y y

flOflHpv); h 3 .) u o p u n a h b e G u sio K U K ee 6 o x a n c K e u p u c y u iH o c m u y c e e u i y , noce6H O 6 h jio KaKBor u p u c y c m e a o M a n c K o y m u u ,a ja n a c e e i u .

H a B e f le H e oflJiH K e

MOflepHe npaheHe cy

,, c x h -

3 0M 0p(|)H H M CTpyKTypaMa ( D u r a n d , G . 1 9 9 1 .) , T e 3 flp y aceH O y o 6 jiH H a B a jy h neMeHTHpajy 3anaflHy mh-

30

31

HeKH T a j aHCTBeHH h jih BOjim e 6 aH HaHHH npeflcT a-

BJbajy cnojbaniH >e cTB apn. n o c jie R H .a c rp y K T y p a t h n e ce 3anaflH>aHKe (|)aHTa3Hje jeduHciuea h jih yu,ejio6A>aeawa. MoryhHocrr cjeAHH>aBaH>a h yu,ejioBJbaBaH>a yBeK je Ha crpaH H HOBeKa #ok je OHecnoKojaBajyha MHOiiiTBeHOCT cBeTa o h o Hafl HHM e o h Tpe6 a na fleJia. OpraHOH (opyavov, rp.) yHH(J)HKauHje je cogito, ,Ja m hcjihm , T j., 0 C0 6 eH 0 Ja.
H3JIOJKHBUIH HeKe Ofl ochobhhx nocTaBKH mo flepHe HeMaM HaMepy fla hx p eflO M , Kpo3 JyHroBe hjih HHe apxeTHnojioniK e apryMeHTe, ofl6aityjeM . Hanpot h b , h> hxobo npeHcnHTHBaH>e, n p e H H a n e H > e h npeycMepeH>e n p e f l c r a B J b a c p x apxeTH nojiouiK or n p n c ry n a. Ca cBoje cTpaHe JyHr, a hcto B asai 3a XmiMaHa, npHKJiaH>ajy ce Weltenschauung-u nocTM oaepHe. Y h> hxobhm pa^oBHMa Ha flejiy HHje hhxhjihcthhkh , peJiaTHBHCTHHKH HJIH fleKOHCTpyKTHBHH nOCTMOflepHH3aM H ero noHajnpe kohctp ^ kthbhh , peKOHcrpyKthbhh hjih nocTMOflepHH3aM k o j h npeH H anyje, peBH n p a h H3HOBa npeHcnHTyje nocraB K e Mo^epHe.

gaKJie, yH H Bep3ajm e, KOJieKTHBHe K a T e ro p n je , o c h o b h h m rp&HHBHHM eJieMeHTHMa a y m e . JJaKJie, o h o u i t o o6jiH K yje noHauiaH>e, pa3MHmjbaH>e, eM oijnje, naMheH>e h jih M am T aibe noje^HH i^a h r p y n e , H c ro r je caCTasa. A pxeT H n, K ao nojia3HmTe H>eroBe T e o p n je K yjiType, n p e M o m h y je ja 3 H3Mei)y TeK yhnx k o jic k th b h h x HopMH, BpeflHOCTH h HcTHHa, c a jeflH e CTpaHe H pa3HOJiHKOcTH >KeJba, B epoB aiba, HCKycraBa h p e a jiHOCTH y KojHMa >KHBe noje^HHi^H, c a flp y re . JyH r0B 0 6aBJbeH>e HecBecHOM ncnxoM , n o c e 6 H o KOJieKTHBHHM HeCBeCHHM, BOflHJIO je TOMe fla CXBaTH

HeKOJiHi^HHa nocT-jyHroBCKHX ajrropa HCTHHe na je JyHroBa ncHxojioraja cBojeBpcraH oflroBop Ha MOepHy (Casey, 1987., Griffin, 1989., Homans, 1979. H Adams, 2000.). O ho u ito hhhh JyHroBy uieopujy KyAiuype (Adams, 2000) je t o jja oh HMa MeHUHHCKO 06pa30BaH>e h fla je H3BopHo nojbe H>eroBa flejiaiba ncHXHjaTpHja h ncnxoTepanHja. 3 a pa3JiHKy ofl pyrax TeopeTHHapa Kyjrrype, oh pa3MHiHJba h nnuie H3 no3Hi^Hje ncHxnjaTpa h ncHXOTepaneyra, kojh aHajiH3Hpa uojeduHU,a, Ha TaKaB HaHHH u ito BpeflHyje CBa cy6jeKTHBHa ncKycTBa Kao JieraTHMHH npH*rryn y pa3MaTpaH>y uinpe 3ajeflHHije, HaApei)eHe KyjiType h ,,HayHHHx HCTpa*HBaH>a.
JyHroBa KpHTHKa KyjiType n e c r o je 6n jia npeflMeT n o j eAHOcTaBjbeHor h flocJioBHor HHTaiba. ripH roB apajio My c e fla j e ncHXOJiouiKa ca3Han>a cren eH a Kpo3 npaKTHHaH pa^ ca noje^HHUHMa, yonuiTHO Kaa j e ro B o p n o o KOJieKTHBHOj ncHxoJiorajH. tberoBH KpnTHHapH 3a6opaBJbajy a a j e CMaTpao apxeiuuuoee,

lcyjiTypy MOflepHe Kao HeH36e>KHH npoH3Bofl pa3Boja CBecTH, y KOMe je n eT BeKOBa n p o cB eh eH o cT H ^ a jio npecyaaH n e n a T . O h o mTO j e MOflepHa ofl6auH B ajia h h c th h k th b h o h Hpai^HOHaJiHO - Kofl H>era je no3HTHBHO BpeflHOBaHO. KopHCTehH CBOjy MeTOfly n o flem eH y 3a nojeflH H iia. h c k o p h c th o jy je K ao jjejio tbopho cpe^cTBO KpHTHKe ncHxe caBpeMeHor HOBeKa h, jo m BHme, caMe KyjiType K oja o fl6 a i;y je , o 6 e 3Bpet)yje hjih H raopnm e cBe mTO jo j oflH iue npHMHth b h h m h aifiaxpoHHM. O h ce o 6 p y m a B a Ha p a c ije n K ojn j e noHHHHJia M o^epH a, pa3flB ajajyhH pai^HOHajiho 03 ,,Hpau;H0HaJiH0 r, KOJieKTHBHe, ApymTBene hopM e h, c A pyre cTpaH e, noje^HHHeBa cy6jeKTHBHa
HCKycTBa. JeflaH ofl H3BopHHX u,HJbeBa H>eroBe n c n x o J io r a je c a flp * a H je y Hanopy fla ce 3au,eJiH o6e3flym y jy h n p a c fte n H oB eK a h n p H p o fle , yMa h TB apn, h, H3Haj^ cB era, CBecHe h HecBecHe CTpaHe A ym e.

Ca CBoje cTpaH e, n H T e p XoMaHC (Homans, 1979.) cM aTpa jja cy JiHHHa ncKycTBa h oco6eH H CKJion ji h h h o c t h HaBejia JyHra j^a noTpa>KH JieKa o6ojieJioM flpyuiTBy. n p e CBera, JyH r0B 0 pa30HapaH>e xpnUlhaHCTBOM H OUeM KOjH j e 6hO pe(J)OpMHCTHHKH n a CTop, Hapi^HCTHHKO BpeflHOBaibe cy6jeKTHBHor, npeTnocT aB Jbaibe h h /jh b h j^ ajiHor yHyTpamH>er XHBOTa K yjiTypn h ApymTBeHHM npoM eH aM a, yHHHHJia cy jja H>eroBH TepanHjcKH caBeTH cBeTy 6 y ^ y H3peneHH ncnXOJIOmKHM nojMOBHMa.

32

33

Y npaB O o h o i h t o je y H>er0B0M p a n y 6 h jio H3JioaceHO HajacemhHM KpHTHKaMa - yneH>e o c h h x p o h h u,HTeTy, aJixeM Hja, iic h x o h h h o unus mundus, n c n x o Jio r n j a HcTOKa, MHTOJioraja h B pahaH .e nojiHTeHCTHh k h m ocHOBaMa ncH xe - npeflC T aB Jta JyH roB o flro B o p Ha M O fle p H y . J^pjK ao j e fla MOflepHHCTHHKo y3RaH>e y caflauinbocT h jih 6yAyhHOCT, a HHKafl y n p o in jio c T , HMa n o ry 6 H o aejcTBO n o n c n x y nojeflH H ita h 3ajeAHHU,e. K a fla cm o oflceneH H o a npouiJiocT H , He MoaceMO H 3 6 e h H KOH3HHOM flO > K H B Jbajy HHHITaBHJia KOjH 6y3yhH ocT Ha c e 6 e npey3H M a. HaK h H>er0B0 yneH>e o HHflHBH3yai^HjH HMa cy6eep3ueHy K0Mn0HeHTy, j e p He u,HJba Ha t o ^ a nojeflH H ija npHJiaroAH 3ajeflHHUH, H e ro ^ a oBaj nocT aH e oHaj K ojn je c T e , n p n neM y Taj nyT Moace BOflHTH h pymeH>y HopMH K yjiType. IfceroBO HCTHi^aH>e npouiJiH X BpeflHOCTH, He3ana3H>aHKor HaHHHa MHinjbeH>a ((J)HJioco4)Hja HcTOKa, raocTHijH3aM , ajixeM H ja) CMepHHU,e cy H3JiaceH>a H3 C T ynnue m o^ ep H e , n p n HeMy H>eroB TepaneyTCKH 3axBaT Hafl KyjiTypOM HHje HHXHJIHCTHHKH H fleC T pyK T H B aH , B eh ^ e KOHCTpyKTHBaH H peKOHCTpyKTHBaH, He BOflH y CMpT HO y BaCKpC, HHTH nOpHI(aH>y BpeflHOCTH HO nOHOBHOM Bpe3HOBaH>y ceux BpejjHOCTH.

mobho

oflpeflH. y BHiue HaBpaTa HCKpeHO c e cajiHo: H n je i^h h h Ha Kpaj naMeTH m T a je flyiua (Jung, C.

G. 1973 , str. 57.).

C jih h h o 4>pojfly h Afljiepy, JyHr je Ha npejioMy BeKOBa n o K y m aB ao fla oflroH eTH e TajHy fly m e, h o 3a pa3JiHKy ofl o c ra jiH x HHje TpajKHO KaKBO apxHMeflOBCKo yno p H m T e H3BaH n c n x e , H3 K o ra 6 h je ,,o6jeK t h b h o n p o M a T p a o . 3 a JyHra, jeflHHo je n c n x a K aflpa fla n o c T aB Jta nHTaH>a o c e 6 n caM oj; a o h o m T o Ofl c e 6 e npH K a3yje yBeK je cBojeBpcHa pe(J)JieKCHja flym e K oja nocT aB Jba nnTanba. ,,IIcHxa je o6jeK T n c H x o jio rn je ajiH H H>eH cy6jeK T; MeTOfl je npoynaBaH >a h n cT paacH B aita aJiH h npeflM eT HcnHTHBaita; 3a h>om T p araM o ajiH noM ohy H>e h n p eT paacyjeM o (Ilon oB H h , B. B. 1988,

crp. 74.).
y CBojoj HaflaJieKo no3H aT oj kh>h3h ,,IIc h x o jiom KH THnoBH" (Jung, C. G. CW 6 ), K o ja ce n o cp eflH o THi^aJia p a c n p n ca <J>pojflOM h A flJiepoM h n o ja m ita BaH>a y3poK a h>hxobhx p a3 M H M O H JiaxeH > a y o 6 ja m ita BaH>y ncHXHHKHX n p o u ,eca, JyHr h c t h h c fla ce M a K ojn cJjeHOMeH, yK jty n y jy h H JtyflCKy n c n x y , H c n o jta B a h n p o ja B J ty je Kpo3 ncH xoJiom K y nepcneK TH By npoM aT p a n a . CBejeflHo k b k o heMO nepcneK TH By 03HaHHTH K ao eKCTpaBep3Hjy, HHTpoBep3Hjy, HHTynnHjy, m hm jb e ite , o c e h a ita , o c eT e h TaKo f la jte - npecyflaH je euucM eM OJipiuKU aprvM eH T fla riojeflHHaij ( 6 h o o h HaV hhhk, JianK, c|)HJiococJ) h jth T e o jio r, CBejeflHo) HeMa HencHXOJiomKH n p n cT y n cBeTy y KOMe >khbh h K o ra n p o y n a B a . O h o m T a ce pa3yM eBa (n c n x a ) je yBeK n p e TnocTaBJteH O y caMOM HHHy pa3yMeBaH>a. Ib ero B H cnncH o6H Jiyjy HCKa3HMa K ojn Hac y n y h y jy Ha t o fla jeflHHO n c n x a Moace pa3yMeTH n c n x y , fla j e 6 h jio KaKaB HCKopaK H3 fly m e, KaKaB o 6 h h h o HHHe nocjieHHi^H npnpoflH H x HayKa, HOfljeflHaKO H eM oryh h H e T a n a H . ,,IlcHXHHKa p e a ji H o c T j e jeflHHa H e n o c p e f lH a peajiH o cT (Jung, C. G. CW 8, cTp. 384.), ,,I I c h x h h k o n o c T o ja ite je jeflHHa K aT eropH ja n o c T o ja ita o Kojoj HMaMO HeuocpeHO ca3HaH>e (CW 11, cTp. 12.), ,,Be3

flyma/ncHxa npeflCTaBJba 0CH0BHy, H3BopHy,

y T eM e jty jy h y Hflejy h jih ,,MeTac})opy K opeH a (Pepper, S. C. 1942 .)3 JyHroBe m hcjih. EtonyT c b h x b c jih k h x MeTacJ>opa K opeH a Ha KojHMa HeKH cJjhjiococ|) h jih Hayh h h k rpaflH cB oje y n eH > e TaKo h flyma y JyHr0B0M flejiy o6yxB aT a h HcnyH>aBa H>eroBO MHmji>eH>e h noHMaH>e HOBeKa, a oneT H3MHHe HanopHMa fla je noj-

3 H3pa3 MeTacjDopa K o p eH a npBH je pa3paflH O aMepHHKH <J)HJiococj) C. Ilenep. Ilo H>eMy MeTacjDopa k o p e H a je h caM a M eT at|)o p a K oja c e ocJiaH>a Ha o c o 6 e H y apxeT H ncK y TeMy HM arHHauHje: H M arH H aunjy K opeH a. 4 >h jiococ }) h jih HayHHHK CBejeflHO, y cTBapan>y T e o p n je n o n a 3 H ofl ,,6a3HHHe a H a jio r n je h jih M e T at|)o p e K o p eH a Ha K ojoj TeM ejbH , 3Hfla, 3acHHBa CBoja o6jauiH>eH>a h o n n c e ; CBa H>eroBa TyManeH>a CBOfle c e Ha OBy K a T e ro p n jy ; npHM. B . B.n.

34

35

ncH xe y o n n iT e He 6 h 6 h jio cBeTa, a jo m Man>e JbVflCKor CBeTa (C W 10, CTp. 2 9 1 .), ,J lc H x a cTB apa peajiHOCT cBaKH aH (C W 6, c r p . 52.). n c H x a y JyHroBHM flejiHMa H H je 3acHOBaHa h h H a M aTepnjH h h t h Ha y M y h jih M 0 3 r y , B eh Ha fly iiiH . ,,C TpyK Typa h 4>H 3H O JiorH ja M 0 3 r a H e n p y x a j y o 6 ja m ite ifc a ncHXHHKHX n p o u ;e c a (C W 10, cTp. 2 7 0 .). H aK aKO HeKH n c H x o jio r h jih nocjieHHK KaKBe flp y re HayKe ycB aja MaTepnjajiHCTHMKH peflyK n;H O H H 3aM , o h c e He nOBOflH 3a MaTepHjOM K ao TaKBOM B eh 3a nCHXHHKOM npeflCTaBOM (M aT ep n je), K oja ocM H m jbaBa M aT epnjajiH3aM h flaje My cH ary. C T o ra MOJKeMO fla c e c jio x h m o c a n o c T jyHroBCKHM aHaJiHTHMapeM P o ije p o M BpyKOM (B ro o k e, R . 1 9 9 1 .) fla c e Jy H r flocjieflHO npH flpacaBa ,,HHTpancHXHMKe enHCTeMOJiorHje , K oja r a HeflBOCMHCJieHO MHHH pa3JIHHHTHM Ofl O p o j f l a a H MHOrHX caBpeMeHHX ncHXoaHajiHTHlia p a . A o k je OpojflOB m ofleji MOBeKa 3acHOBaH Ha H a y iH O M K O H ije n T y h o m o x n a tu r a , h o b c k K ao n p n p o fla (B in sw an g er, L. 1 9 63.), floTJie je y JyHroBOM yHeH>y npeflM eT ncHXOJiorHje h o m o p s y c h i c u s (H o stie, R. 1957.). 3 6 o r T o ra cy JyH roB e TBpflH>e o ayTOHOMHjH ncH xe cymTHHCKH e u u c u i e M o n o uiK e TBpflH>e o caMocaflp>KaBajy h o j avTOHOMHjn n c n XHMKOr 3KHBOTa h ca3H aH >a. JyHroBa yneH>a o u p e d c iu a e u h a p x e iu u iio e u M a y nofljeflH aK oj MepH Hfly c oH e cTpaH e MOflepHHCTHHKHX H a30pa norjiaB H T o H>HX0B0r eM nnpH3M a h ^ jih o c th . C a enncT eM O Jiom K or CTaHOBHmTa, npeflCTaBe cy je flHHa peajiHOCT Kojy H e u o c p e d u o ca3HajeMO, h CBe i h t o 3HaMO c e npeHOCH nocpeflCTBOM ncHXHHKHX n p e flCTaBa, cT o ra: ,,IIc h x h m k o n o c T o ja ite je jeflHHa KaTero p n ja n o c T o ja ita o K ojoj hm bm o H enocpeflH o ca3HaH>e, je p HHmTa He M O *e 6 h t h ca3HaTO yK0JiHK0 ce np B o He jaBH Kao ncnxHHKa npeflCTaBa... JeflHHO je ncHXHHKO n o c T o ja ite HenocpeflH O npoBepjLHBO. ^ o k CBeT He npey3M e o 6 jih k ncHXHHKe npeflCTaBe, o h je yncTHHy He-nocTojehH (Ju n g , C. G . C W 11, cTp. 4 8 0 -4 8 1 .) . JeflHHo neMy HMaMO HenocpeflaH npncT yn cy npeflCTaBe.

Y KaKBOM cy oflH ocy flyma h npeflCTaBe? JyHroBa MaKCHMa npeflcT aB a je n c n x a (C W 13), KojoM n0H CT0Behyje flymy h npeflCTaBe Ka3yje fla ncH xa HHje K3K3B CynCT3HTHBHH eHTHTeT nO Ce6H, KojH Ce nOTOM oflHOCH np eM a CBeTy, B eh fla c e flaje K po3 npeflCTaBe, y npeflCTaBaM a. 3 a JyHra ,,ncH xa je HeoflBojHBa ofl CBojnx HcnojbaBaH>a (Jung, C. G. C W 11, CTp. 4 9 .), a Ta n p o jaB jb H B aita cy npeflCTaBe. H>er0B0 yneH>e o ncHXH noHHBa Ha flymn, Ha esse in a nim a K ao T p e h o j peajiHOCTH Koja CTojn n o c p e fl esse in in tellectu (yM, H fleja) h esse in re (M aT epnja, CTBap). y ncHXH, Hfleja h cTBap ce jaB Jbajy 3ajeflHO, a OHa je Ta K oja h x ypaBHOTe>KaBa. ricHXHHKa peajiHOCT (tertium q u id ) je 0HT0Ji0mKH He xp0H 0Ji0m K H npBOTHa, h npeflCTaBJba cTBapajiaHKO B pejio H3 K o ra H3BHpy eM oijnje, c|)aHTa3Hje, p a c n o jio ^ c e ita , BH3Hje h c h o b h , n p n neM y ce cBe n o 6 p o ja H o HCKa3yje oco6eHHM je3HKOM flym e: npeflCTaBaM a, MeTac})opaMa h chm 6ojihm 3. IIlTaBHme, np eM a JyHry, ayTOHOMHa 3 k t h b h o c t flym e je H en p eKHflHH KpeaTHBHH n p o ije c . H e 3a6opaBH M o, ,,n c n x a cTB apa peajiHOCT c b 3 k h flaH (Jung, C. G. C W 6, cTp. 5 2 .), a Ta peajiHOCT cy ncHXHHKe npeflcTaB e: CBaKH ncHXHHKH n p o n e c je npeflcTaB a h npeflcT aB Jbaibe4, flpyraH H je CBecT He 6 h h h n o c T o ja jia (Jung, C. G. C W 11, cTp. 54 4 .).
H o HiTa je npeflCTaBa 3a Jy H ra ? FIpeflCTaBa HHje HCTOBeTHa M eM opnjH h jih HaKHaflHoj cjihi^h, o flpa3y H eK or o6jeK T a h jih onaacaH>y. Jy H r H a ra a m a B a H>eHy He3aBHCHOCT ofl ona>KaH>a cnojbaniH>HX o6jeK aT a. y M e cT o T o ra , o h H a r ji a m a B a fla je p e n o n p eflC T aB H 4)aHTa3Hje , K oja CBoje no p eK Jio HMa y noeTCKoj je3HHKoj ynoTpe6H (Jung, C. G. CW 6), H3BHpe H3

4 Y TeKCTy he ce Kao chhohhmh kophcthth H3pa3H HMarHHaiinja, npeflCTaBJbaite h cjDaHTa3HpaH>e H3y3eB y HeKHM flejioBHMa, o neMy he HHTajiaii 6hth Ha BpeMe o6aBeuiTeH, KojH he ce oahochth Ha TaHaHo pa3JiyMHBaH>e obhx H3pa3a (Ha npHMep, y oflejbKy o TeopnjH HMarHHaijHje); npHM. B. B. fl.

36

H ecB ecH or aJiH je ,,ca* eT H H3pa3 u;ejiOKynHe n c n XHHKe cHTyau,Hje (Jung, C. G. CW 6). H 3 b o p h o oHa je ,,H3pa3 HecBecHHX caflpacaja ajiH caMO ohhx K ojn cy TpeHyTHO KOHCTeJIHCaHH, Tj., KOjH Cy OCBemheHH. C flpyre cTpaH e, MOMeHTaJiHH nojioacaj cbccth , noflCTHMe jeflH e a k o h h A p y re HecBecHe caflpjK aje Te je npeflCTaBa ,,H3pa3 KaKO HecBecHe TaKO h CBecHe T peHyTHe CHTyai^nje. TyM aHea>e H>eHa CMHCJia He M O *e, flaKJie, nojia3HTH hh caMO ofl cBecTH h h caMO ofl HecBecTH, Hero caMO ofl H>HXOBe y3ajaMHe B e3e. (Jung, C. G. CW 6, cTp. 442-447.) H e caM o fla cy He3aBHCHe ofl M yjiHor o n ax aH > a, npeflCTaBe c})aHTa3Hje cy n p e T e n e h MaTpHu;a b h iu h x ncHXHHKHx 4)yHKi^Hja - MHuuteH>a h Hfleau,Hje. Y o 6jiH H aB ajyhn cMHcao H3 HecBecHHX npnpoflHHX n p o u,eca, npeflCTaBe 0 M 0 ry h aB ajy n o M a jb a ite cbccth , nofljeflHaKO Kpo3 CTpyKTypncaH>e CBecTH y o flpeijeH e h M ei)yco6H o oflBojeH e o 6 p a c i;e , h , Kpo3 e H e p rn jv K oja joj cjio6oflH o cT o jn Ha pacno jiaraH > y . OcHOBHa aKTHBHOcT fly iu e, oH a K oja K apaK T epH iue H>eHy n paB y cyuiTHHy, c a f lp * a H a je y HenpeKHflHOM CTBapaH>y n p e flCTaBa c})aHTa3Hje. Y n o iieTKy c B e ra j e uoe3uja ( n o ir ia iq , r p .) - TBopeH>e fly m e K po3 n p e flc ra B e h M eTac|)ope - Te CTora npeHCKOHCKa npeflCTaBa H3paacaBa jeflHHCTBeHy h HeycjioBJbeHy cT B ap ajiaiiKy M oh ncH xe... O B a ayTOHOMHa fle jia ra o c T n c n x e , K oja ce He MOCe o6jaCHHTH HH K ao pec]DJieKCHa aKTHBHOCT Ha nyJiHe flpajKH h h t h K ao er3eKyTHBHH o p ra H bchhhx Hfleja, n o n y T CBaKor acHBOTHor n p o i;e c a , n p e flc ra B Jb a HenpeKHflHH CTBapajiaHKH h h h . JeflHHH H3pa3 K ojn M ory fla ynoTpe6H M 3a Ty flejiaTHOcT je cbaHiua3uja (Jung, C. G. CW 6, CTp. 52.).

JyHroB nocjieflH>H HaBOfl yBOflH Hac, Ha KpaTKo, y cc|)epy (paHiua3uje h Maiuiue. HaBefleHe penn HCTHiiy flBa oflJiHnja c|)aHTa3Hje: H>eHy ayTOHOMHjy h H>eHy cTBapajianKV M oh. AyTOHOMHja c|)aHTa3Hje H3BHpe H3 T o ra h it o je oHa MajKa cbhx MoryhHocTH (Jung, C. G. CW 6, CTp. 52.), a KpeaTHBHocT je noB e3aH a ca H>eHOM

y jioroM y 06pa30BaH>y cHM 6ojia. H o cJ)aHTa3Hja c e He CBOflH ,caMo Ha n0M eHyT0 flBoje, OHa npeflCTaBJba HenocjpeflHH H3pa3 ncHXHHKe acHBOTHe flejiaTHocTH, u c u x u H K e e n e p u j e , K oja cBecTH HHje flaTa flpyraH H je Hero y o6jiH K y u p e d c i u a e a " (Jung, C. G. CW 6, c T p . 433; noflByK ao B . B . I I .) . H>eHa 3 K th b h o c t HHje, HCKJbynHBo, CBefleHa Ha cTBapajiauiTBO K ao TaKBO, B eh n p e flc T a B J b a B pejio e H e p rn je K oje npoacHM a h n o K p e h e cBe ncHXHHKe n p o u ,ec e, a He caMO jeflHy ncHXHHKy onepau;H jy. HcTOBpeMeHO, K ao ncnxHHKa e H e p rn ja , oH a ce c b c c th jeflHHO jaB jb a y BHfly n p eflc ra B a . Ha Taj HaliHH, K ao HenocpeflH H H3pa3 ncHXHHKor >KHBOTa (Jung, C. G. CW 6, CTp. 4 3 3 .), 4>aHTa3Hja c a S n p a , npnBJianu h n o c p e fly je M e^y cbhm acneKTHMa n c n x e , 0flH0CH0 OHa j e te r it iu m q u i d CBera ncuxH H K or. ^ a K jre , 4>aHTa3Hja n o B e3yje cBe o cT a jie ncnxH HKe 4)yHKi^Hje, y H>oj cy cBe ncH xojiouiK e c y n p o T h o c th , yHyTpauiH>H h cn o jb a u u b H CBeTOBH cnojeH H y acHBOM jeflHHCTBy. OaHTa3Hja j e yBeK 6 n jia h j e c r e OHO IHTO CTBapa MOCT H3Me^y HenOMHpjbHBHX 3aXTeBa cy6jeK T a h o6jeK T a, HHTpoBep3Hje h eKCTpaBep3Hje (Jung, C. G. CW 6, crp. 52.). Koje 3aKJbynKe MOJKeMo H3Byhn H3 H aBefleH or? np B O , cj)aHTa3Hja HCKjbyHHBo n o c e fly je KBajiHTeT ,,n o c p e fly jy h e r - H3 H e ra ce n o M ajb ajy cBeT h , c flp y re CTpaHe, floacHBjbaj ce6e K ao Hen0H0BjBHB0r 6 n h a . <t>aHTa3Hja je h h t c h t(HOHajiHor - K apaK Tepa h K ao TaKBa je o h t o j i o u i k h npBOTHa, He y np0CT0pH0-BpeM eHCK0M CMHCJiy, B eh y CMHCJiy fla uiT a ro fl KaaceMo o c e 6 n h jih CBeTy Ha K pajy ce TeMaTCKH oflH ocn Ha H>y. I1 c h x o jio u ik o 6oraTcTBO H TaHaHOCT c})aHTa3Hje Kao HHTeHIJHOHaJIHOCTH caaceTo H3Jiaace c})eH0MeH0Ji0uiKH opnjeHTHcaHH aHaJiHTHHap Pouep BpyK (Brooke, R. 1991.): ,,O aH Ta3H ja je Ta K oja cBecHO h HecBecHO TKa nojeflHHHeBe cTaBOBe h 4>yHKi^Hje y m apeH O TKaibe KaKBo je er3H c re H ip ija , (flOK c e ) floacHBJbaj c e 6 e h CBeTa HCTOBpeMeHO noM ajbajy Kao c})Hrype H3 Te HMarHHaTHBHe er3HcTeHU,HjajiHe 0CH0Be (cTp. 47.).

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J],pyro, H3 pyKOBeTH JyHroBHX HaBOfla o c})aHTa3Hjn MOceMO fla Ha3peMO fla c e pa3yMeBaH>e CTpyKTypHHie K ao 4>aHTa3nja, 0flH0CH0 fla je c})aHTa3Hja H3BopHH o 6 jih k pa3yMeBaH>a. y no3HHM paflOBHMa, nocBeheHHM ncH xojioh ik o m HHiHHTaBaH>y aJixeMHje, JyHr c e jo rn jeaaH n y T B p ah a c})aHTa3HjH. I lo f l VTH^ajeM aJixeM H H apcKor p a 3 JiyHHBaH>a c}>aHTa3Hje ( p h a n ta sia ) h HM arHHaiprje ( im a g in a tio ), o h npBH H3pa3 CBOflH Ha ,,cy6jeKTHBHy yo6pa3H Jby yMa (Jung, C. G. C W 12, CTp. 167.), flOK H>eHe Hanpefl n o 6 p o ja H e KapaKTepHCTHKe npeHOCH Ha HMarHHaijHjy. H aM ecro c})aHTa3Hje, HMarHHaijHja (E in h ild u n g sk ra ft, HeM.) n o c T a je H3B0pH0 CTBapanaHKa flejiaTHOcT, c n 0 C06 H0CT ,,TBopeH>a npeflCTaBa, flaBaH>a

(Jung, C. G. CW 12. CTp. 167.). Y npeflaBaH>HMa oflpacaHHM Ha TaBHCTOK kjihhhi^h y J l 0Hfl0Hy, 1935. roflHHe, Jy H r nojauiH>aBa pa3JiHKy peHHMa: ,,Ja cTBapHO npeTnocTaBJbaM H3pa3,
c} )opM e...

HMarHHai^nja cj)aHTa3Hjn... (})aHTa3Hja j e noT nyH a

6ecMHCJinna, c|DaHTa3aM, npojia3Ha H M npecnja; flOK je HMarHHau[Hja aKTHBHa, CBpxoBHTa TBopeBHHa... <I>aHTa3Hja je BHiue-Maibe Barn H3yM, h o cT aje Ha noBpUIHHH JIHHHHX CTBapH H CBeCHHX HIUHeKHBaH>a. ,Q,OK aKTHBHa HMarHHai^nja, Kao u ito H3pa3 noKa3yje, 3Hahh fla npeflCTaBe noceflyjy BJiacTHTH >khbot h fla ce CHM6oJiHHKa 36nBaH>a pa3BHjajy cxoflHO H>HxoBoj co n CTBeHoj JiorHi^H (CW 18,1977, CTp. 171.). 3 a H e M a p y jy h n 6 p o jH e oflJiHKe aKTHBHe HMarHH aijn je, H crahH hy caMO jeflHy, je p Hac BOflH cJiefleheM caflpacajy K o je r a p x e ra n o jio 3 H npey3H M ajy ofl JyHra u cu xu H K o j p e a jiH o c u iu . IITra je aKulueHO y aKTHBHoj HMarHHai^HjH? IIpaBa 3 k t h b h o c t y aKTHBHoj HM arnHai^Hjn fleuiaB a c e to k o m TaK03BaHe MeHe ,,n p o p a fle , Kafla nacHBHH n p o n e c nocTaje aKU,Hja (Jung, C. G. CW 14, CTp. 496.). O co6a K oja HMarHHHpa M opa fla npey3M e oflroBopHocT n p e fl caflpacajHM a K ojn c e , y BHfly npeflCTaBa, n oM ajb ajy H3 H ecBecH or. HaM ecTO fla nacHBHo n p o M aT p a uiT a c e n p e fl H>eroBHM oHHMa (hjih

flpyrHM HyjiHMa) fleuiaB a, HOBeK M opa fla ce yxBaTH y K o u rra ij ca jk h b h m n p e flC T a B a M a , fla y3Me y H e m h a y H>HMa. O c o 6 a K oja M au rra T p e 6 a fla n p e ije nyT ofl i rjiefla o i^ a n p e fl KojHM ce oflBHja flpaM a npojeK TO B aiba BJiacTHTHX HecBecHHx npeflCTaBa, flo flpaMaTypra jljj PBoje BJiacTHTe flyuieBHe TBopeBHHe. K oM afl K ojn ce ' oflH rpaB a He T p a a c n caMO fla 6yfle H enpncTpacH O rjie \ t io H , o h acejiH fla HaBefle (M au rraT ejb a; npHM. B. B. II.) yH ecuieoeahbe. ^ k o j i h k o (M auiT aT ejb, npHM. B. B. |. ) cxBaTH fla ce H>eroBa BJiacTHTa flpaM a oflH rpaB a Ha Boj yHyTpauiH>oj no3opHHijH, He Moace o c t 3 t h paBHOp u a H npeMa 3anJieTy h H>er0B0M pa3peuieH >y... I k o jih k o n p en o 3 H aT e CBojy BJiacTHTy yKJbyneHocT, p caMH M opaT e y h n y n p o iie c c a B auiH M jih h h h m saKU(HjaMa, K ao fla CTe h b h jeflaH ofl JiHKOBa cj)aH|a 3 H je , h jih n p e , K ao fla je flpaM a K oja ce oflH rpaB ajia 5efl BaiUHM OHHMa 6 n Jia CTBapHa. nCHXHHKa HHH>eH nja j e fla c e O Ba c})aHTa3Hja o fln rp aB a, h OHa je p e IJIHa KOJIHKO CTe H BH K aO nCHXHHKH eH T H T eT -p ^saJiH H " (Jung, C. G. CW 14, c r p . 496.). lif 3 a pa3JiHKy ofl Boi)eHHX c})aHTa3Hja, B ojbH or Mafc lliT a ib a h jih xaJiyi^HHaTopHor nacH BH or cj)aHTa3Hpa|ltb a , y aKTHBHoj HMarHHau,HjH flojKHBjbaj peajiH ocTH | fffije n p o c r a M oryhH ocT, o h o i u t o M o ace 6 h t h . K o ja je Jo co 6 eH o cT OBe ncnxHHKe peajiHOCTH? PeajiH O j e , e JyHr, ,,o h o u i t o je flejiaTH o (Jung, C. G. CW 7, f , CTp. 95.). P e n e H o h c h x o jio iu k h m je3HKOM, ,,flejiaTH o 3H3HH fla HeUITO BpiUH flejCTBO Ha HeHHjy ncH xy, npH . HeMy j e MeH>a Ha c ^ u ith h c k h HaHHH. O h o i u t o ce npeflCTaBJba K ao n p o c T a M oryhH ocT He Moace HMaTH : TaKaB n p e o 6 p a h a jy h n yTnu,aj; M0ryhH0CT HHje flen o TBopHa ncH xojiouiK H Te c T o ra h HHje ncH xojiouiK H :||! jCTBapHa. /],o k j e c})aHTa3Hja M oryhH ocT, HecBpxoBHTa n p o jia 3 H a yo6pa3H Jba; aKTHBHa HMarHHaijHja ofleBa p C H p o M au iH y (|)aHTa3Hjy ejieMeHTOM peajiHOCTH, u i t o 1 j j flaje Ha t o k h h h h yB ehaB a ycM epaB ajyhy M oh !|Jung, C. G. CW 16, c r p . 48.). MaKOJiHKO aKTHBHO 0flH0iueH>e H eK or nojeflHHija np eM a caflpxajH M a HMarHHaijHje flaje pe3yjiT aT e

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(Tj. fle jia ), MeH>ajyhH H>eroBO ncMxnMKO ycTpojcTBO, npaBH H3Bop ncHXHMKe peajiHOCTH HHje caflpacaH y H>eroBHM pa^H>aMa H e ro y h c k o h c k h m npeflCTaBaM a h jih apxeTHnoBHM a. A pxeTH noBH , HCTHMe Jy H r, n p e CTaBJbajy ncnxHHKe p e a JiH o c rn ; p e a jiH e j e p cy fleJ ia r a e " (Ju n g , C . G . C W 7 , cTp. 9 5 .). A o h h cy f le jia r a n h jih HMajy e(|)eKTa ynpaBO CTora i h t o CTpyKTypHiny h CHa6p;eBajy o c o 6 y K oja M a u rra oco6eHHM HMarHHajih h m ca^pacajH M a, K oje oH a o6jiH K yje y KaKBy ApaMCKy c|)opMy. JJpyrHM peMHMa, aKTHBHa HMarHHau;Hja je BpcTa cnoH T aH or noja*iaBaH>a (aMnjiH4>HKau,Hje) a p x e r a n o B a (Ju n g , C. G . C W 8 , CTp. 2 0 5 .), cpejjcTBO ocjio6ai)aH >a h noKpeTaH>a h>hxobhx He6pojaHHX m ory h H O c ra . K p o 3 aKTHBHy HMarHHanHjy a p x e ra n o B H ,,ojK H BjtaBajy . M auiT aT H aKTHBHo lih h h apxeTH ncK e o 6 p a c n e ncHXHHKH peajiHHM: aKTHBHHM h jjejiaraH M y ncHXHMKOM >KHBO'ry M auiTaTejba. JyH roB a pa3MHiujbaH>a o npe,a,CTaBaMa, a BHjjeheMO h c t o BaacH 3a apxeT H noB e, HeKajja HenocpeflHO a noK aTK an nocpeAHO, H3Met)y p ejjo B a, oA 6 au;yjy moflepHHcraMKH B jepyjy y eM nupH 3 aM m v jih o c th . H e 0 3 6 ai;yjyhH eM nnpH 3aM K ao TaKaB, Jy H r ofl 6 au,yje H3jeRH anaB aibe CBaKor onaacaH>a c a H yjm uM ona>KaH>eM. D ,ejio H>er0 B0 y iieH>e j e 3acHOBaHO Ha peaJiHOCTH, t o jecT , npBeHCTBy ncHXHHKe peajiH ocT H h H eHyjiHor onaacaH>a5. JJo k je MyjiHO o n a a c a ib e 3acH0BaH0 Ha noflaijHM a K ojn c e n p e H o c e nocpeflCTBOM JiaH ija KOHTHHreHTHHX 36nBaH>a, HeiiyjiH o o n a a c a ite A03B0JbaBa M0ryhH0CT npH M aiba VTHnaja c a flajbHHe. ,,JJajbHHa o Kojoj ce pa^H Moace 6 h t h : a ) u p o c iu o p H a yflajbeHOCT; K ao u i t o H3pa3 ^ e jia ib e Ha flajbHHy o 6 h h h o H aroB euiT aB a h
5 T a K o i)e h BaHMyjiHor o n a x a H > a , k s k b o je cH H xpoHHIJHTeT. BHHie O CHHXpOHHLJHTeTy KaO BaHMyJIHOM o n a acan>y b h a h k o r J3,. PpncjjHH a (G riffin , D . R . 1989.): IN T R O D U C T IO N : A R C H E T Y P A L P S Y C H O L O G Y A N D P R O C E S S P H IL O S O P H Y : C O M P L E M E N T A R Y M O V E M E N T S ; y kh > h3H A R C H E T Y P A L P R O C E S S ; npHM. B . B . EL

6 ) epeMeHCKa y^ajbeHOCT: H3JioaceHocT y raijajH M a ojj cTpaH e 36HBaH>a K oja cy y 6 jiH * o j h jih ^ a jb o j n p o UUIOCTH. KaKO ncH xa HHje y MOBeKy H e ro o 6 p a r a o , n o eeK y d y iu u (esse in anim a\ Ju n g , C. G . CW 13), O H a j e aHTeijeHfleHTHa, n p B O a y iu a oHfla nojejjH H aij. H e pa^H ce o ,,cy6jeKTHBHoj ncHXH , K ojy Jy H r n o H c ro B e h y je ca Hoje^HHMeBOM CBeUlhy, HHflHBHflyaJIHHM HeCBeCHHM , ;0JIH JIHMHHM HfleHTHTeTOM, Beh O ,,06 jeKTHBH0j nCHXH . J 'lt o ja ce He n o K opaB a cjio6oflH oj BOJbH, a HaMecTO T o ra :MjKHBH CBojy cyfl6HHy h yTHMe Ha nojeAHHU,a cejieo o h h jih He. YBOflehH nojaM ,,o6jeKTHBHa , Jy H r He f HOKymaBa ^ a yo6jiHMH h o b h eHTHTeT, HanpoTHB, c n o ' M eH yra npHfleB caMO H arjiau iaB a fla n c n x y He T p e 6 a , 6pKaTH c a h jih C M euiT ara yH yTap rpaHHu;a n o je^H HaMHe jih m h o c th , MHja ce n epcoH ajiH a (jiHMHa) n c n j x o jio rH ja y c p e 3 HuiTyje o k o ,,Ja . CTporo ro B o p e h n He ; n o c T o jn M oja h jih TBoja ncH xa Beh u c u x a , yH yTap K oje je CBaKo oji; Hac. H a rjia iu a B a jy h H ez3ucuieH nu]ajiH y K u p o c u io p H o c u i flyuie, JyHr noK yuiaB a #a ^oKaace fla je m ncHXHMKa peaJiH ocT ycM epeH a Ka CBeTy, oTB opeH a 3a l | CBeT. K a ^ a KaSce ^ a He jk h b h m o y cTBapHOM CBeTy flo y \ ncHXHMKOM, o h ce He npH K Jiaiba c o jih u c h c th m k o m HfleajiH3My Beh h c th m c fla je n c u x a n p o c T o p ^ o jk h BJbaBaiba, h fla je Taj n p o c T o p c b c t y KOMe * h b h m o . I U to ce BHiue h BHiue n o B Jiane y TMHHy, jjy6jbH , cjio jeBH ncH xe ry6e CBojy HHflHBHflyajiHy jejjHHCTBeh o c t ... JIy6oKO ^ o jie ..., o h h CBe BHiue n o c T a jy k o JieKTHBHH cBe flOK ce He yHHBep3ajiH3yjy... CTora, Ha flHy ncH xa je , H anpocTO , c b c t (Jung, C. G . C W 18, CTp. 173.). JJa nojacHHM, Kajja JyHr K a x e ^ a He chbhm o y M aTepnjajiHOM cBeTy B eh y ncHX0Ji0uiK0M, o h He r a p , flH Aa je fly u ia HeKH CBeT K ojn je yMaypeH y c e 6 e H ero ' fla j e u ia p K ojn HacTaH>yjeMo ncH xojiouiK H CBeT. f; n o n y T yMeH>a o npe#CTaBaM a TaKo h yMeH>e o E , ap x eran o B H M a, yHHBep3ajiHHM CKJionoBHMa fty u ie h fj: (|)opMajiHHM o6pacu;HMa K ojn 0 M 0 ry h y jy o n u iT e ib e h noBe3HBaH>e, n o 6 n ja n p e ra o c T aB K e eMnnpH3Ma MyjiH h o c t h jja je H eM oryhe BpuiHTH yTHnaj Ha h c k o h t h h |j I' I

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re H T H a 36nBaH>a y n p o c T o p y h BpeMeHy. H cTOBpe-

MeHo, yHeH>e o npB oo6pacijH M a H anafla h ofl6au,yje H ^ejy HHflHBHflyajiH3Ma. Y k o jih k o cy apxeTH noBH yHHBep3ajiHH o6pacu,H k o jh n p eT x o fle cb3Kom nojeflHH amhom (nojeflHHHeBOM) HCKycTBy OHfla o h h fleJiajy Ha flajbHHy. M o jk c m o p e h n a a ce He paflH o npocTOpHOM flOflHpy apxeT H noB a h j ih h h o t ncKycTBa Beh o er3H cTeHijHjajiHOM floflHpy. Y k o jih k o c e nHTaMO rfle cy apxeTH noBH , jeflHHO MecTO y K oje h x Mo^ceMo cMec t h t h cy M u u io e u , i u t o cBaKaKo He npeflCTaBJba <J>eHOMeHe c a KojHMa j e MOBeK y np0CT0pH 0M flOflHpy. C flp y re CTpaHe, n o u iT o je n o c T o ja ite a p x e |H noB a n p e -n e p c 0 H a jiH 0 , a o h h t h K ojn o6jiH K yjy n o je flHHneB HfleHTHTeT, mo>kcmo p e h n fla a p x c d ( a p x a n , r p .) flejiyjy ( y o 6 j i H iia B a jy h y c M e p a B a jy ) Ha 0 6 p a 3 0 BaH>e jih m h o c th H3 h c k h x npaHCKOHCKHX e n o x a , fla ce caflp>K ajH Be'rHocTH (apxeTH noB H ) y cT p ojaB ajy h 0TeJi0BJbyjy y BpeMeHy (nojeflH H i;y). n p o m J iH cBeTOBH H JKHBOTH KOHCTHTyHUiy JIHMHOCT. HCTOBpeMeHo, fla 6 h ,,cy6jeKTHBHa n c n x a y n c T H H y 6 m i a o h o i h t o je c T e (fla 6 h c e yneiioB H Jia, K peH yjia nyTeM HHflHBHflyai;Hje; npHM. B. B. EL.) OHa H3HCKyje n p o u iJ ie CBeTO Be. YHOcehH n p o m j i o c T y c e 6 e , Ha aKTHBaH, > khb HaHHH nojeflH H ai; H 3pacTa y jih m h o c t. C jio 6 o flH a B o jia (y 3 flaH H i^a H H flH B H flyajiH 3M a; npHM. B. B. n.) caMO je je f la H ofl y c jio B a Ha KOMe n o iMBa HHflHBHflyaijHja jihmh o c th . H an o cjieT K y , HCKOHCKe npeflCTaBe ( U r-b ild , HeM.) K oje JyHr noncT O B ehyje c a apxeTHnoBHM a, HajayTeHTHMHHje ce H cn o JiaB ajy Kpo3 M uiU oee. M h t o JIOIHKH JIHKOBH H MHTOBH npeflCTaBJbajy OnHU,OTBOpeifee apxeTHncKHx npeflCTaBa. A pxeTH noBH cy m h tc k h jih k o b h , MeTac}3H3HMKc peajiH ocT H c a KojHMa ce 4>H3HMKa peaJiH ocT ycK Jiat)yje h M opa ycKJiaflHTH. A pxeTH ncK H jih k o b h cy BHTaJiHH opraH H , He3ao6HJia3HH caMHHHTejLH >KHBOTa flyiue y HCToj MepH y K ojoj KOCMOC nOMHBa H 33BHCH Ofl flejiaifca 6o*aHCKHX cHJia. Besy apxeT H noB a h H.HX0B0r ojm ijoT B opehba Kpo3 MHTCKe JiHKOBe (6 o ro B e , x e p o je , fleMOHe...; npHM.

i,[ B . B . n . ) JyHr caaceTO HCKa3yje Ha c jie fle h n HaMHH: Cbh BdKOBH n p e Hac cy BepoBajiH y 6 o ro B e y o bom h jih o h o m o6jiHKy. JeflHHo je jeflH o 6ecnpH M epH o o c H p o M a m e ite CHM6oJiH3Ma m o tjio fla HaM 0M 0ryhn fla 6 o ro B e H3HOBa OTKpnjeMO Kao ncnxHMKe MHHHoqe, t o jecT, Kao apxeTHnoBe HecBecHor (Jung, C. G . C W 9, J /J , CTp. 2 3 .). B oroB H MHTOJiorHje n o c T ajy ,,h ch x h m k h iqHHHOip[, a oneT apxeTH noBH n c H x o jio rn je n o c T a jy 'M HTojioiiikh B oroB H . C x B aT ajyhn nepc0HHc})HK0BaHe apxeTHnoBe Kao B o ro B e , o h h n o c T ajy MHoro BHHie flo WBHTajiHH opraH H ncHXHMKor cj)yHKu;HOHHcaH>a, h h c t h . b k t h b h h o6pacu,H noHamaH>a, k o h c t h t ^ t h b h h caMH1 pHTeJbH nCHXe, OCHOBa HMarHHaTHBHe aKTHBHOCTH flyKie. O h h ce cafla cxBaTajy Kao o c o 6 e , a cB aK or KpacH . 0 C06 eHH CTHJI CBeCTH, eTHMKH CT3BOBH, HHCTHHKTHb h o p e a r o B a ite , HaMHH H3paacaBaH>a h MHiHJbeiba, fl cBojeBpcH a o c e h a ib a h MyjiHocT. T h m h tc k h jih k o b h pyK0BOfle MojHM KOMnJieKCHMa, norjieflHMa Ha CBeT, l l OflHocHMa, floacHBJbaBaibHMa, yKpaTKO ycM epaB ajy h | | y n p a B jb a jy MojHM * h b o t o m . H3BOpHH H HeCBOflHBH je3HK THX MHTCKHX JIHS KOBa, Tj., apxeTHncKHX o 6 p a 3 a n a je M e u ic itp o p u H K u F ducKypc Muiuoea (Hillman, J. 1985, cTp. 3.). ,,M ef Tacfjope MHTa caacHMajy n p o n iJio c T h caflam ib o cT , Ta* ko fla je n p o u iJio yBeK caflam ib o cT , a caflainibocT ce w Moace floacHBeTH y oflB ajaiby ofl n p o u u io r . M h to b h , % TaK oi)e, npeHHaMyjy nojeflHHaMHe MHHHOije y yHHBep3ajinje, TaK olfla CBaKa npeflCTaBa, hm c, CTBap y MOMe XHBOTy flO>KHBJbeHa MHTCKH nonpH M a yHHBep33JIHO 3HaMeH>e, a CBe ancTpaKTHe yHHBep3aJiHje, BejiHKe ! % Hfleje jbyflCKe cyfl6HHe, npeflCTaBjbajy ce K ao KOHKpesi THe aKHHje" (Hillman, J. 1975, CTp. 155.).

S(

6 ) AH pn K op6eH
3aroBopH H H H apxeT H ncK e ncHXOJiornje cM aTpa-

B jy A H p n ja K o p 6 e H a (H en ry C orbin; 1903-1978), cJjpaH81 n y c K o r cj)HJiococjDa, HCJiaMOJiora h m h c th k 3 , CBojHM ,,flpyrHM oijeM " (H illm an , J. 1985; A vens, R. 1984.) CBeK TCKy cjiaB y CTeKao je OTKpHBaibeM c jia 6 o 3H aH or h c-

44

45

JiaMCKor <J)HJioco4)CKor yneH>a - n cM am in sM a, H>eroBe e30TepHHHe TpaflHi^Hje K oja j e CBoje K opeH e n y CTHJia y aHTHHKOM H CpeflHjOBeKOBHOM H paH y. tb e r o B a npoynaB aH >a cy yKJbyHHBaJia rH 03y, xepM eTHKy, jeBpejcKH m h c th u h 33 m, Ja K o 6 a B eM ea, EM aH yejia CBefleHOBpra, M apTH H a X a jf le r e p a . KjbyHHH jih k K o p 6 eHOBHX cj)HJioco<J)CKHx cnH ca j e C oxpaB apflH ( Sohrawardt), nepcnjcK H rneHK K ojn j e Kpo3 cB oje b h 3HOHapCKe, rHocTHHKe npHHe B acK pcao ApeBHy n e p cnjcK y Teoco4>Hjy. H ajopH rH H ajiH H ja Hfleja C o x p aB apflH jeB or (1 1 5 5 -1 1 9 1 ) y n e ib a j e H>eroBo T yM aneibe njiaTOHOBHX H fleja H3pa3HMa 3opoacTpoB C K e aH reo jio r n je . C jiejjeh H C oxpaB apflH ja, K o p 6 eH yBOflH nojaM T p e h e r CBeTa, cBeTa apxeTHncKHx c|)H rypa (a H reJia) h jih mundus imaginalis-a (dlam al-mithdl, a p a 6 .), K ojn c e ,,Hajia3H H3Met>y cBeTa n y jia h cBeTa HHTejieKTa (yM a). C b 3 k h 03 T p n cBeTa n o c e fly je oco6eH H o p ra H o n a a c a ib a : CBeT (|)eHOMeHa h jih nyjiHH c b c t (M o jik , a p a 6 .) n o c e n y je n y jia ; HMarHHaijHja j e CBojcTBO CBeTa A y m e h jih A H rejicK H x A y m a (M aJiaK yT, a p a 6 .); a h h TejieKT KpacH c b c t HHCTe apxaH ^eJicK e H H T eJinreHi^Hje. O B a TpH CBeTa o flro B a p a jy TpnjaflH: T ejio, flym a , flyx. riocpeflyjyhH CBeT, dlam al-mithdl, cBeT n p e jjcTaBa (m u n d u s im ag in alis) je CBeT Kojn j e o h to jio iiik h p e a jia H k o jih k o h c b c t n y jia h OHaj HHTejieKTa. OBaj CBeT 3axTeBa BJiacTHTy c h o c o 6 h o c t onaacaiba, noHMeHHI^e, HMarHH3THBHy Moh, CnOCO^HOCT c a KOrHHTHBHOM (J)yHKI^HjoM, HOeTHHKOM BpeflHOUlhy K oja j e CTB3pH a k o jih k o h HyjiHo o n a a c a ib e h jih HHTejieKTyajiHa HHTyHUHja (Corbin, H. 1972, c r p . 7 .). K o p 6 eHOB HMarHHajiHH6 CBeT je M eduauipuK C , n o cpeflHHK H3Me^y 4>H3HHKor H flyxoBH or. ne.pTTem m ja

CBojcTBeHa o b o m CBeTy je BH3HOHapcKa HMarHHai^nja, HHje npaBO h o jjro B a p a jy h e MecTO je c T e MecTO b h 3Hja, no3opH H i^a Ha K ojoj ce BH3HOHapcKa 36nBaH>a ' uojae/byjy y H>nxoBoj np aB o j p eajm o cT H . T o je ,,nocpeflyjyhH c b c t... apxeTHncKHX jiHKOBa, TaHaHHX CTBapH H eM aTepnjajiH e T B ap n ... r ^ e flyxoBHo n p e y3HMa T ejio a T ejio n o c T a je flyxoBHo (Corbin, H . 1969, CTp. 4. H 180 ). OcHOBHO CBOjCTBO BH3HOHapCKe HM3rHHai^nje je 3 a 0M0ry h a B a noT nyH o h TpeHyTHo ocTBaeH>e HM arHHajiHor caA pacaja. O ^ h o c h o , npeflCTaBe ce Bfle o n a * a j y K ao reciHanui, cb h flejioBH HCTOBpeeHO, i^ejiHHa h jih jeflHHCTBO cnapeH H c a JirnjeM CBaKe CTBapn h 36HBaiba. npeMa Kop6eHy, HManmaijHja Ha SH3H0HapcK0j paBHH nocTaB Jba CTBapHO 6 n h e (Corb in , H . 1969, CTp. 180.), a o k y npeHHaneHOM o 6 jiHKy *J>hjioco(J) apxeTHpojiorHje E. Kejcn Kaace: cTBapHO 6 H he je CTBapHo HMarHHajiHo 6 n h e (Casey, E. 1974,

CTp. 106.). IlpeMa Kop6eHy 'a l a m a l- m i th d l ( m u n d u s im a g in a l i s ) j e HCTOBpeMeHO m u n d u s a r c h e t y p a li s (Corbin, H. 1972.) n o c p e ^ y jy h H cbct HM arHHaipije ( alam al-m iTbal) npeflCTaBJbci oHTOJiomKH o 6 jih k cM em T aiba apxeTHnoBa ncHxe, Kao H3BopHHx cTpyK Typa HMarHHa^Hje E ih h c k o h c k h HMarHHaTHBHHX (J)eHOMeHa; h o ,,Me0 y K oje ce ,,CMemTajy npB oo6pacu,H h jih n p e TaBe HMarHHai^Hje HHje h h AyxoBHH h h t h (|)H3HHKH CBeT K ojn no cefly jy , cBaKH Ha CBoj HaHHH, AHMeH3HOHajiHOCT, np0CT0pH0CT h jih eKCTeH3H)y. HM arHHaJiHh cBeT je MecTO BaH n p o c T o p a , m c c to K oje HHje canpiKaHO h h y jejjHOM ;jpyroM MecTy, y u w u o c y (Corbin, H. 1972). A k o c e ynHTaMO zde ce o h HaJia3H, jeflHHH npaBH o flro B o p je jja ce zde Hajia3H y H>eMy, fla peaJiHOCT 0 B 0 r CBeTa jeciue ,,m e c b h x cTB apn. TaKO h . apxeTHnoBH, K ao caflp acajn " m u n d u s im a g in a l is - a , h h c y y HeKOM cBeTy, h h t h y c s o m cBeTy. H>hxob c b c t je y tb iiM a (Corbin, H. 1972.). Ha Taj HaHHH m u n d u s im a g i n a l i s n p y ac a apxeTHnoBHMa h>hxobo e p e d n o c H O (je p ' y H>HXOBOj TeO(J)aHHjCKOj npnpO flH H H>HXOBOj BHpTyaJIHOCTH HJIH nOTeHI^HjaJIHOCTH nOHHBa H>HXOBa

Kop6eH

yBOAH pa3JiHKy, K ojy npey3HMajy c b h

apxeTHnoJio3H, H3Mei)y H M arH HajiH or h H M arH H apH or. J J o k

n oT oibH npH ^eB o3H anaB a H eiiiTo H epeajiH O , ^ h k t h b h o , He6HBCTByjyhe, H e n o c T o je h e , yT 0nH jcK 0, iiMaiuHcumo 03 H anaB a BpcTy ca3H aH .a K oja je CBojcTBeHa o b o m n o c p e AyjyheM CBeTy - HMarHHa^HjH h jih BH3HOHapcKOM o n a a c a H>y (yHyTpauiH>eM 0 TKp 0 BeH>y) (Corbin, H. 1972.); npHM. B.

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47

B peflH ocr; npHM. B. B. II.) h k o c m u h k o yTeMexbeH>e, K oje je nocBe pyraH H je ofl TeMeJba KaKBH cy: reHH, HarOHH, 6pojeB H , JIHHrBHCTHHKH CKJIOnOBH, flpyuiTBeHe TpaH caK i^nje, a n p n o p H e K a T e ro p n je ... O h t o j i o h i k o c M e u iT a ib e ap x e T H n c K H X p e a j i H o c t h je 3a a p x e T H n o J i o r e ojj, M a i b e r 3 H an aja H e r o Kop6 eH O B e Hfleje jja c e : a ) apxeTHnoBH M ory HMarHHajiHO ca3 H aT H Kpo3 n p e flC T a B e , jja c e jaB Jbajy K a o n p e f l c T a B e ; h r a 6 ) M e iu o d n c H x o jio n ije 3 acH O B aH e H a n p e flc r a B a M a M o p a 6 h t h H M arH H aT H B aH . OeHOMeHOJiouiKH M eToa K o p S e H a n p e flc ra B Jb a
n p o p a f l y X a jfle re p o B e c|)eH 0 M eH 0 Ji 0 r H je , Te c e H a n o -

BHiue penH y oflejbKy o HManmaijHjH, Ha obom M ecry h y yKpaTKo H3HeTH caMo o c h o b h c npeTnocraBK e H>eroB e 4>eHOMeHOJiorHje HMarHHaunje.

G. 1969, CTp. 81.), 6Hhe

3 a B aniJiapa, HOBeK j e 6n h e MauiTe (Bachelard, Koje npeBacxoflHO HMarn-

HHpa/MauiTa. IIlTaBHUie, ,,HMarHHai|Hja je HajBajKHHja Moh JbyflCKe npH pofle (Bachelard, G. 1994, 6 . X X X IV ). JlMarHHaijHja HHje HCKjbyMHBO, Kao h i t o ce norpeinHo m hcjih, c n 0C06H0CT yo6jiuH.aeaH>a npeflcraB a. H anpoTHB, oHa pa3o6miH.asa o h o u it o mh onaacaM o, t o je, H3Hafl cB era, c n o c o 6H ocr Koja Hac o c jio 6af)a o HenocpeflHHX npencraB a, MeH>ajyhu ux. Y k o jih k o HeMa npoM eHe, hjih HeoMeKHBaHor cTanan>a npeflCTaBa, HeMa HMarHHai^nje, HeMa UMazuHauiueHoz nuua. Y k o jih k o Hac npeflCTaBa Koja je upucyum a He H aT epa fla noMHCJiHMo Ha 6 Hy Koja j e odcyum a, yKOJiHKO jejjHa n peflcraB a He oflpej)yje o 6njbe - eKcnji03Hjy - Heo 6hm hhx npeflCTaBa, oHjja HeMa HMarHHaijHje. O c r a je caMO onaacaibe, naMheH>e ona*aH >a... H3BopHa p e n y JieKCHKOHy HMarHHai^Hje HHje npeflcraB a (im age, <p.) Beh UMauHajiHO (im aginaire, (|)p.)... 3axBajbyjyhu umouhojihoM , HMarHHaunja je cyuiTHHCKH oilieopeHa H Heyxeauubuea... B n iu e H ero h je^Ha Apyra Moh, oHa je Ta Koja ojjJiHKyje JbycKy ncHxy (Bachelard, G. 1988, crp . 1). BaniJiap He nocraBJba aM6ni(H03Ha nHTaiba, n o nyT: IIlTa je npeflcraB a? UlTa j e HMarHHaijHja? Ebera n p e KpacH pecjiJieKCHBHH craB, y k 3 h to b c k o m cMHCJiy, Te c e nHTa: KaKBo je H aiue cxBaTaH>e HMarHHaijHje? H croB peM eH o, MeTOfl npoyHaBaH>a HMarHHaijHje je (|>eH0MeH0Ji0UiKH. O h 3aflp xaB a o c h o b h h cjioraH 4>eHOMeHOJiornje HaTpar Ka caMHM <J)eHOMeHHMa - o c T aB Jbajyhn n o crpaHH HaHBHo yBepeH>e o peajiHocTH cTBapn, npH cryna (J)eHOMeHHMa Kpo3 CBecr Koja je yBeK HHTeHijHOHaJiHa. H o y H>eroBoj 4>eH0MeH0Ji0rnjn HMarHHa^Hje npeflMeT je HMarHHaJiHa CBecr o Henocpe^HHM ca^pacajHMa HMarHHaunje - npejjcraBaMa. B a u u ia p He n p o y iiaBa npejjcrraBe Kao cTBapn; 3a

cpeflHH HaMHH h cjiaBHH HeM aHK H cJ)H Jiococ|) y 6 p a j a y

O H e K o jn c y y o 6 jiH M aB ajiH a p x e T H n o J io m K a y n eH > a

(A v en s, R. 1984.). U ,y x o B H a ncKycTBa, Tj., fly u ie B H a

36H BaH >a K oja n o flecjjHHHHHjH HHcy noflJio>KHa n y j i h o m onacaH>y h K o ja M o r y jja fle J ie caMO o h h K o jn 3 a je flH H H a p e y c j i h h h h m ay x o B H H M flocHBJbaBaH >HM a,

n p e flc ra B jb a jy n p a B e cj3eHOM eHe. 3 6 o r T o r a j e 4 > eH o M e H O J io rn ja , K a o n p a B o T yM aneH > e h p a 3 yM eBaH >e c|)eH O M eH a, H eo flB o jH B a 0 3 H a^iH H a 6 HBCTBOBaH>a c a M o r T yM ana.

u;) T acT O H B a u iJ i a p
3aH H M JbH B a h B e flp a j i h h h o c t M H o ro c T p y K o H a-

flapeHor 4)paHii,ycKor cJtmjiococ})3 TacTOH B a u u ia p a (G asto n B ach elard , 1884-1962) - noniTaHCKH cjiyac6eHHK, HaCTaBHHK cJ)H3HKe h xeM Hje, H H c e ib e p , MaTeMaTHHap, n p eflaB aii (J)HJiococJ)Hje HayKe h e n n c T e M O J io rn je h , HajjacBe, cj)eH0MeH0Ji0r cH eB aiba h HMarHH aijn je - CBaKaKo HHje yT H qajia Ha pa3B oj ocHOBa apxeT H ncK e n c H x o Jio rn je y M epn y K ojoj cy t o yHHh h jih Jy H r h K o p 6 e H . H o flonpHHOc T. B a n i J i a p a je H e 3 a o 6 n J ia 3 a H K a^a j e p e n o yo6jiH liaBaH>y apxeTH no Jio u iK e T e o p n je HM arHHaunje ( a THMe (n )o c T a je im aH yce nopoAHu;e). C o63H poM a h e o H>eMy 6 h t h

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49

H>era npeflCTaBe c y ,,npo)KHBJteHe , ,,aoacHBjbeHe , ,,H3HOBa M am TaH e y 0C06 eH 0M MHHy cBecTH (nM arHHanHOM MHHy) k o jh B acn o craB Jb a H>nxoBy 6e3B peMeHOCT H HOBHHy. n p e p c T a B a H nje BepHH n p e n a c T eK yhe peaJiHOc t h h h t h je , KaKo t o 3aK JtyH yje, BpcHH 3Hajiau; Ban u ia p o B o r yHeH>a, K oJieT ro fla H : ,,e x o n p o m jiocT H ; oH a M oace 6 h t h H3a3BaHa TeKyhHM OKOJiHOCTHMa, ajiH HeMa n p a B o r y3poK a. H ajS o jb H HaHHH npoyM aBan>a n p e jjc ra B a je HCTpaaaiBaHje H>HxoBe MohH T paH C -cy6jeKTHBHOcTH... Pa3yMeBaH>e n p e flc ra B a je nap afloK cajiHO, n o m T o yBeK noK ym aB aM o p,a h x pa3yM eM o n o Be3HBaH>eM HOBor ca CTapHM, n o je flH H a M H o r ca o n mTHM (Gaudin, C. y Bachelard, G. 1968, XLI). K ao i h t o j e H aroB em T eH o y B am jiapoB O M HaBOfly, HMarHHai^Hja je He3aBHCHa op, o n a iK a tb a , He n p o HCTHMe H3 MyjiHHX noflaT aK a. H M arH H aijH ja j e cymTHHCKH OCJIoSo^eHa 6HJIO KaKBe THpaHHje (JjopMH, KaKO (J>OpMH K oje npOHCTHMy H3 peaJIHOCTH T3KO H cj)opMH K oje H3a3HBa caMO HMarHHai^Hja. M o 6 u a h o c m j e o c h o b h o CBojcTBO npeflCTaBa, a CBe m T o h x m hhh cTaTHMHHM n p e T B a p a npeflCTaBe y Myjme noflaTK e. Haflajbe, HMarHHai^nja je M oh K oja cT o jn y 3 aJiet)y MOBeKOBe HHTeHijHOHajiHocTH, ycM epeHocTH Ka 6yflyhHocTH, o a h o c h o , h o b o m 6 n h y h cpehHOM moBeKy (Bachelard, G. 1994, 6 .). O H a oflB aja MOBeKa ofl npomJiocTH ajiH h peaJiHocTH j e p j e oK peH yTa 6 y flyhHOCTH. HManmaijHja yBeK floceace c OHe cTpaH e oHora m T o je flaTo: oH a yB ehaB a h npofly6jbyje, ca6 n p a ije o cBeT y n p o c T y npeflCTaBy a ije J io r MoBeKa yH yTap H>eroBor M am T aiba. HMarHHai^Hja CTBapa npeflCTaBe, ajiH H3Hafl CBer a TB opn cBeT K ojn ce yBeK H3HOBa oT B apa ca cb3Kom hobom npeflcraBOM. H k o jih k o MOBeKa oflJiHKyje (pynKu,uja pecu iH o ciu u , K oja r a n o B e3 y je c a n p o iiiJ io m h y h n p n jia ro ^ a B a cBeTy o k o H>era, to jih k o r a o flp ei)y je c|)yHKijHja H epeajiH ocTH , K oja r a jeflHaKO ycneuiH O npH Jiaro^aB a, ajiH npeB acx0 flH0 ycK jfia^yje c a ohhm

m ra h e flohn - cpehHHM m obckom h jih ,,yHyTpamibOM p e a JiH o m h y . Hobck Jinm eH cpyuKii,uje u e p e CUlHOCUiU je HCTO TOJIHKO HeypOTHMaH KOJIHKO H MOBeK Jim neH cj3yHKu,uje p e a jiH o c iu u . Moace ce p e h n fla n o p e M e h a j <|)yHKi^Hje HepeanHOCTH HMa noB paTH o flejcTBO Ha (J>yHKi;Hjy peajiH ocTH . Y k o jih k o je cj)yHKHHja o iu e a p a tb a , u i t o yncTHHy 4>yHKi;Hja HMarHHaijHje je cT e , Jio m e H3BefleHa, caMO o n a a c a ib e o cT a je T ynaB o. CTora M opaM o o t k p h t h npaBy Be3y ofl cT B apH or flo HMarHHaJiHor (Bachelard, G. 1988, CTp. 7.). K ao u ito BHflHMO, o n a s s a ib e , a h c t o Ba*H 3a MHiujbeibe h o c e h a ib a , noMHBa Ha H M anm aijH jH . n c n x o jio m K H , o h o mTO m hhh MOBeKa MOBeKOM c y H>eroBa MauiTaH>a h caibapeiba (rev erie, 4)p.), Koja HCTOBpeMeHO 3ai^ejbyjy pacu,en jih m h o c th (Bachelard, G. 1969.). B a m jia p a u Jy H ra no B e3 y je y3ajaMHO n o m T o B aibe, B epa y cTBapajiaMKy M oh HMarHHaijHje h M ap np eM a aJixeMHjn. I I I t o je jo iu BaacHHje h>hxob3 flejia y3ajaM H o c e HaflonyH>yjy, h y TOMe apxeT H nojio3H oTKpHBajy caflp^Kaje KojnM a ce M ory o k o p h c t h t h y H3rpaflH>H CBoje ncHXOJiorHje. 3 a B a m J ia p a , yMeH>e o apxeTHnoBHM a je ofl 3 H aM aja j e p yT eM ejbyje HM arnHauHjy, a oH a h x , 3a y3BpaT, o n p e M a He6pojeHHM Bapnjaii,HjaM a y h>hxobhm npojaBjbHBaibHM a. C a cBoje CTpaHe, a p x e T H n 0 J i0 3 H y B am jiapoB H M cnncHM a o HMarHHai^HjH H ajia3e o flro B o p e 3 a HefloyMHije K o je cy npoH3Jia3HJie H3 Jy H ro B o r flen a . noflceT H M o ce, a p x e THnoBH cy, npeM a Jy H ry , y 3 ajiet)y CBaKe H M arH H aipje, a 3a y3BpaT aKTHBHa HMarHHaijHja j e Ta K oja h x n o jaMaBa H MHHH fleJIOTBOpHHM y nCHXHMKOM >KHBOTy nojeflHHi^a. H o HnaK cy apxeTHnoBH t h K ojn erp y K T y p n m y h opraH H 3yjy ucKycTBa h n o K p e h y cTB apaJiaMKy (nM arnHaTHBHy) aKTHBHOcT nojeflHHUa. H aK o flaje o f l r o B o p Ha nHTaH>e KaKO apxeTHnoBH ycT poja B a jy HMarHHaijHjy h flp y ro , KaKO npeo6jiHKyjy H3BopH o H e ja c H e cHOBe h 4)aHTa3Hje y pauHOHajiHe apxeT H ncK e flOMHHaHTe, JyHr He flaje o flro B o p Ha nnT aibe m T a y c rp o ja B a caM e y c T p o jH B a 'ie (a p x eT H n o -

51

Be)? KaKo ce caMo apxeTHnoBH Met)y c o 6 om p a 3BpcraBajy? OBe HefloyMHije <J>hji030<}) ap x eT H noJiorH je EflBapfl Kejcn Ha3HBa npojieMOM a p x e iu u u c fc e u io u o p a tp u je (Casey, E. 1991.). Y apxeT H ncK oj T o n o rpa4)HjH n poG jieM j e caflpacaH y aiefleheM: k b k o o ^ p e 3 HTH T o n o c e apxeT H noB a, H>HXOBe M e^yoflH oce h KaKo c e o h h rpynHUiy. OflroBop c e n p eM a KejcHjy H ajia 3H y XajflerepoBoj T o n o Jio n rjH Bnha h , joni b h uie, y BauuiapoBoj TonoaH aJiH 3H, j e p oH a o c r a j e y OKBHpHMa n c H x o J io ra je a He 0H T0Ji0rH je. y HH3y KH>Hra Bauuiap roB opH o M aT epnjajiH oj (TBapH oj) llMaUHaliUju, MaiUTH K oja AHpeKTHO H3BHp e H3 M aT epnje. Ochobhh npHHUHn M aTepHjaJiHe HMarH H ai^nje j e jja je ^ a H ofl MeTHpH ochobh 3 ejieM eHTa (B og a, B aT pa, 3eMJi>a, Ba 3flyx; npHM. B. B. II.) J ie a a i y K opeH y npeflcT aB a K oje H3 H>era H3p acT ajy. IIpeMa B a u iJ ia p y M aTepnjaJiH a H M anm auH ja c a flp a a i in nuce cBa MeTnpK TH na ,,ejieM eH TapH e HMarHHauHje. H e TBopocTpyKH o 6 p a 3 a u npeRCTaBJba HajnocTojaHHjH h H ajcTa 6 HJiHajH cjioacaj apxeT H noB a. C a n p n cy c T B o HeTHpH ejieMeHTa - n o c e 6 Ho yKOJiHKO cy ohh eKBHBaJieHTHH hjih 6 apeM y p aB H O T ex y jy h n - flOHocn cacbhm aKTyejiHe hjih noTeHUHjaJiHe KapaKTepncTHKe paBHOTeace, n o c r o j aHocTH, npaBHJiHocTH h, HCTOBpeMeHO, H aro B e u iT a je TpajHOCTH h nocTynHocTH. HMarHHajiHO He HaJia3H cBoje K opeH e y npefl-

3. n p e flc ra B a

A y u ia

CaaceTO oflpei)eH>e apxeTHncKe ncH xojiorH je rjia c a : t o je HayKa o dyutu Koja je 3acHOBaHa Ha 4eHOMeHOJiorHjH h ncHXOJiornjH iipedciuaee. IJhji> HayKe aacHOBaHe Ha npeflcraBH je fla OTKpuje h noHyH oflro B a p a jy h e M ecTo flyuiH yH yTap BJiacTHTor n o jb a fle-

jiaH>a. Pen je o ncHXOJiorHjH Koja OTnoHHKbe y upoHecuMa UMauuai^uje, a He y cTpyKTypH je3HKa, 4>h3HOJiornjH M 03ra, y aHajiH3H n o H a iu a ita , apyuiTBeHoj opraHH3aunjH h cji. O T y p a je chhohhm 3a apxeTHncKy ncHXOJiornjy UMaiimajiHa ucuxonouja. A jih KaKO ap xeTHncKa/HMarHHajiHa ncH xojiorn ja o,qpet)yje cBoje cp * H e nojMOBe - npeflCTaBy h Ayiuy?

nPEflCTABA
FIpeflCTaBa j e HajocHOBHHjn rpajjHBHH HHHHJiau apxeT H ncK e n c H x o jio ra je . PaH H je BHiue nyT a HaBOtjeH y JyH roB y MaKCHMy - np e^cT aB a j e ncHxa (Jung, CW 13.) - apxeT H nojio3H HHTajy K ao TBpflH>y KojoM ce y K a 3 y je Ha' n p e p ,c T a B e Kao k o h c t h t v t h b h c ejieM eH Te H yuie. H>hxob H3Bop je y caM ocTBapaJiaHK oj, HMarHHaTHBHoj aKTHBHocTH A yuie, a n p u 0B0Me H3pa3 ,,n p e RCTaBa ( image, eH r.) He T p e 6 a noHCTOBehHBaTH ca TepMHHOM ,,CJIHKa , C 063H p0M fla je nOTOH>H n p o H3BOR nyjiHHX n o flp a a c a ja h onacaH>a. Ca cB oje c r p a He, npeflCTaBa mije npoH 3B oa n ep u enu,H je, He o jj h o c h c e Ha HaKHaHy cJiHKy y rJiaBH , h h t h yK a3yje Ha MeHTaJIHH KOHCTpyKT KOjHM Ce, y CHM6oJIHHKoj (|)Opm h, M ory flonapaT H ocehaH >a h m hcjih. npeflC T aB a je H enocpeflH H npOH3BOfl HMarnHau,Hje (B ach elard , 1994. b .), ,,cy6jeKT rJ ia ro J ia HMarHHHpaTH (B a ch e lard , 1988.); O H a He yK a3yje Ha 6 h jio u iT a H3BaH c e 6 e , Tj., npeflCTaBa je caM opecjjepeH THa h caMooneBHAHa. 3 a X H JiM a H a , n p e f lc T a B a j e caM a n c n x a y H>eHoj HMarHHaTHBHoj eudjbueocuiu; K ao H3BopHa flaTocT, n p e jjCTaBa j e H ecB O flH B a (Hillman, 1985, b .).

CTaBaMa B eh y npncycT B y M aT epnjaJiH or (Bachelard, G.

1994, a .). H a rjia iu a B a jy h H fla j e M aT epujaJiH a HMarnH au,H ja HeTBopocTpyKH ncHXHHKH n p o ije c , B a u u ia p floBoflH y H enocpeflH y Be3y H M arH H aunjy h k ocm oc. j j a 6 h ap x e T n n c K a T o n o r p a t^ n ja 6nJia flo 6 p o 3acHOBaHa, OHa M opa a y K a x e eKcnJiHUHTHO Ha HeKH c n e U h c^h h h h ncHXHHKH e jie M e H T , a He fla 303 B0 JIH ^ a Taj eJieMeHT 6 y e H3Beaen 3aKJtyHHBaH>eM. J],a k o cm oc n e 6 h 6 h o npeTnocTaBJteH ncHXH, n y u ia M opa 6 h t h cxBah e H a K ao He3aBHCHH HHHHJiau. n p H fla jy h n nofljeflH aK o c ^ iu th h c k h craT yc K ocM ocy h ncHXH, B a u u ia p h h h h # a apxeTH noBH je jp ia K o 6 y y lacHOBaHH Ha ncHXH ( t j . HMarHHau,Hjh) h M aTepajajiHOM cBeTy.

52

53

XHJIMaHOB H3pa3 HMarHHHTHBHa BHflJI>HBOCT flo6nja cBojy npopafly y sejiHMa (jDHHococJja apxeT H noJiorHje EflBapfla Kejcnja (Casey, 1974., 1976., 1989., 1991. h 2000.). ITo KejcHjy, npep,cTaBa HHje o h o i h t o oco6a BHflH, Beh HaM HHHa kojh oHa bhah. Budjbueociu npeflCTaBe He 3H3HH pa oHa Mopa 6 h th BH3yaJiHO BHtjeHa; h nopefl nyjiHHX KBaJiHTeTa Koje noceflyje, OHa He oaroBapa HHMeMy Hanojby h He onoHaina Ha MaH>e aHHMHpaH HaHHH cnojbauiHbe o6jeKTe. IlpeflCTaBa ce paje y HMarHHaTHBHoj nepcneKTHBH h jeflHHo MO*e 6h th o n a a se H a Kao hhh upedciuae/bafba (HManiHaijHje). OHa je, BeJiH Kejcn, HaHHH flaTocra KojH ce oflHocH Ha cBeyKynHocT HMarHHaTHBHe npe3eHTai^Hje (Casey, 2000., 55.). H a p y ro M MecTy, oqpeflHhe je Kao: HaMHH n p e 3 e H T a ijH je ca KojHM ce HMarHHHpaHH ca^pcaj jjaje c b c c t h M auiTaHa. IlpeflcTaBa HHje o h o uiiua ce jjaje CBecTH - t o je H>eH oco6eHH caflp*aj - Beh k u k o ce Taj ca^pacaj npe3eHTyje (Casey, 1991,39.). IIpopal)yjyhH JyHroBy Hflejy fla je npe^cTaBa c a a c e T H H3pa3 i(ejioKynHe n c n x M liK e cH T y aii,H je (Jung, CW 6.), apxeTHnojior II. Bepn hcthhc h>hxob 4eH0MeH0Ji0iUKH h HoeTHHKH KapaKTep. 3 a H>y, npeACTaBa je HecBOAHBO h noTnyHo jeflHHCTBo c})opMe h cap;pcaja...IIpeflCTaBa je, nogjeflHaKO, caflpacaj CTpyKType h CTpyKTypa ca^pacaja" (Berry, 1982.). H oethhkh KapaKTep npe^cTaBa OHa npeno 3Haje y JyHroBHM peHHMa: npeflCTaBa h CMHcao cy hctobcthh; h floK ce npBO yo6jiHMaBa, noToite nocTaje jacH o. y CTBapH, o6pa3an He Tpa>KH TyMaMen>e; oh oflcjiHKaBa BJiacTHTH cMHcao (Jung, CW 8, 402.). H 3 CBera H3 HeTor, o iieBHflHo je pa y apxeT H n 0Ji0UiK0 M yiien>y npe^CTaBa jecTe oho h ito je c})eH0 MeHaJiH0 MaHHc{)ecTHo - cnHBeHocT HoeTHMKor h HMarHHaJiHor. IITraBHine, KejcH joj npH^aje jeflHo KpajH>e xajflerepoBCKo oflpe^eH>e - npeflcraBa je oho ih to ce no ce6n jjaje (Casey, 1989.).
T e o p n jc K a ojjpei)eH>a npe^CTaBe ( h H M anm aijH je) HMnjiHi^HTHO caflpace T ep an n jcK y BpeflHocT. IIpBO

npaB H Jio HMarHHajiHe T e p a n n je (XHJiMaHOB H3pa3) rJiacn: flpSKH c e n p e flc ra B e ! (L o p ez-P ed raza, 1971.). yxB 3TH c e n p e fle ra B e y H>eHOM HcnojtaBaH>y, y H>eHoj n p e 3eHTai^ajH. C jih m h o B a n u ia p y , KojH K a * e : IIpeflC T aB a j e i^eJi(HH)a (B ach elard , 1988.), XHJiMaH BeJin: H eK a n p e ^c T a B a j e noT nyH a ynpaB O o h s k o KaKO c e npeflCTaBJba. (O H a ) M O *e 6 h t h n p o p a ^ e H a h n p o fly 6 jte H a p a ^ o M Ha H>oj, a jin jj,a 6 h c e o T n o n e jio , C B ejeflaT o: n e j i o e u i u o c i u y c p e d u p e d c i u a e e (H illm a n , 1977., 68.) JJpacaTH ce n p e flc ra B e 3H3HH npnoH yTH Ha 4 p e n o M e H , a He, i h t o j e <t>pojfl n p e flJ ia ra o , c jio 6 o a h o aco u n p aT H Ha H>era. 3 a HyBeHor BeHJiHjy, npeflCTaBa HHje o h o i h t o ce MaHHcjjecTHo nojaBji>yje. H a c y n p o T ncHxoaHajiHTHHKOM yHen>y h flpyrM ripaBijHMa yHyT a p fly6HHCKe n c H x o jio rn je , apxeTH ncK a n c H x o jio rn ja CMaTpa fla je fipepcT aB a ynpaBO o h o i h t o ce noK a3 y je H HHHiTa BHine. H eM a p e jte tb a Ha M3HHc|)ecTHH h JiaTeHTHH e o . f la 6 h H3pa3Hjia uiT a HaM epaBa, n c n x a y MHoniTBy npepcT aB a K oje cy flocTynH e h o b c k o b o m h cKycTBy, 6 n p a HajnoflecHHjy p a 6 h Kpo3 H>y H3pa3HJia cBojy MeTacJ)opHHKy HHTeHii;Hjy.. XHJiKaHOBe peHH: n p e p c T a B a K oja je TaMO je CBe h i t o je vTaMo, h CTora je TaMO cBe (HeMa HHHera BHiiie o n p e^cT aB e H ero h i t o oH a noKa3yje), naK cy h H>eHe CKpHBeHe flHMeH3nje TaMO (cBa p y6 HHa je H3JioaceH a) (H illm an , 1989., 252.), H aroB em T aB ajy KaKO H3r n e f la T epannjcK H p a ^ : c t p h k t h o npHjaH>aH>e y 3 c|>eHOMeHe, cnertHcJ)HKOBaH>e h>hxobhx AecKpHnTHBHHX KBaJiHTeTa h h m h jih i;h th h x M eTacj)opa. CaMO 6aBJi>eH>e npepcT aB aM a, Map KojH hm yKa3yjeM o, y iiHHHhe fla ce OHe yMHO>Ke, n p n HeMy p a ^ oTnoHHH>e c a o h h m c|)eHOMeHHMa KojH c y d a iu u . ^ k o j i h k o H ac HeKa n p e flc ra B a Koja j e U pucyiuH a, He HaTepa #a noMHCJiHMO Ha ! OHy K oja je o d c y u m a , yK0 JiHK0 jeflHa n p e flc ra B a He o flp e t)y je o 6 n jb e - eK cnji03Hjy - h c o 6 h h h h x n p e /jc T a Ba, OHfla HeMa HMarHHat(Hje (B ach elard , 1988., 1.). M e r o f l T e p a n n jc K o r p a # a n o ffc r n iie TBopeH>e CBe Beh e r 6 p o ja npe/jCTaBa h o x p a 6 p y je n a n n je f f r a a c nyH o n a a a t e n p n o H e Ha Te 4)eHOMeHe, p e^o M KojHM c e o h h

54

55

jaBjbajy, He 6 h jih hx KBajiHTaTHBHO o n n c a o h, iiotom,

HMnjiHKai^Hje. H croBpeM eH o, MeTo ,,o flp e$ y je KaKaB TepaneyT moace jja ra oTeJioBH - OHaj Kojn je ManiTap, 4>eHOMeHOJior h MeTa4>H3HHap.

npopaflHO

h>hxob6

MeTa<j)opHHKe

flyiUA
BpaTHMO ce jorn jeflaHnyT ,,H3BopHoj MeTatJjopn ncH xojiorH je (Hillman, J. 1985.) - flyum . Ka^a apxeTHH0JI03H n n m y o H>oj ohh HaMepHo npH6 eraBajy ,,HeyxBaTJBHBOM OKOJiHmeH>y (Romanyshyn, R. 1978/1979.), CMaTpajyhn fla ce He pa^H o HayHHOM nojMy, Kojn ce yncTHHy peTKo jaBJta y caBpeMeHoj ncHxojiornjH. A ko ce ncnxa cTHpjtHBo nojaBH y Kakbom ncHX0Ji0niK0M mTHBy, o 6 hhho je, H3 npefloCTpoaCHOCTH, HayHHH HHCTyHU,H CMeiHTajy H3Me^y 3HaKOBa HaBOfla, HyBajyhn THMe HeyKajtaHOCT HayHHe o 6jeKTHBHocTH. ,ljyma je HaMepHO HejacaH nojaM kojn ce onnpe cb3kom OApei)eH>y, Ha h c th HaHHH Kao mTo HHHe cbh H3BopHH chm6 ojih Kojn npy:*ajy MeTacJjope KopeHa CHCTeMHMa JbycKe mhcjih (Hillman, J. 1965, cTp. 46.). 3apaTaK ncHxojiorHje je y otk p h BaH>y Jio ro ca Ayme, onpeMaH>y ncnxe oproBapajyhHM je3HKOM KojHM he o6jacHHTH h pa3yMeTH ce 6 e caMy. Je3HK Kojn je Haj6 jiHCH nyuiH je je3HK ,,Ka*e - MHTa. IIIto fly 6 jie ncHxojiorHja Moace HhH y cbomc pa 3yMeBaH>y, t o jecrr, y yHHBep3ajiHa yHyTpamita 3HaneH>a HCKa3aHa apxeTHncKHM roBopoM mhtckhx Kaaca t o je OHa, c jeflHe cTpaHe, HaynHO TaMHHja, a ca apyre, 6 o ra ra ja flymoM (Hillman, J. 1965, CTp. 51.). 3 a IJ. XnjiMaHa flyma je , H3Hafl CBera, U ep cu eK iu u ea npe H ero TBap, norjiep Ha CTBapH... oBa nepcneKTHBa je pe<J)jieKCHBHa... pyma yKa3yje Ha u p o d y 6 /b u e a h b e 36hBaH>a y floacHBjbaBaita,... caonmTaBa ce y jby6 aBH,.... HMa noce 6 aH oflHoc np eM a cM piuu, ... HM arHHaraBHa MoryhHocr Hamnx npnpofla (Koja ce) floJKHBJbaBa 56

jraKp03 pe<})JieKCHBHy cneK yjiai;H jy, caH, npeflCTaBy h |4aH Ta3H jy... (1975, X ). rioKymahy mTO c a a c e r a je fla , HojacHHM u r r a X h jim 3 h no fl H3peneHHM noapa3yM eB a. PeHH n o n y T nepcneK TH Ba, n o rJiefl, pec|)JieKCHja, ieK yjiaijH ja nofljeflHaKO yK a3yjy Ha M eTa4>opy b h |eH>a K oja je , c a CBoje c rp a H e , oflro B ap ajy h H H3pa3 3a Heje. H p e je cy HaHHH pa3M aTpan>a h carJieflaBaH>a rBapH (modi res considerandi), Hanffl norJieflH H n e p ieK TH Be. H fle je cy ohhh> h bhjj, cpeflCTBo BH^en>a, a amTO cy y 6pojHHM HHfloeBponcKHM je3HijHMa b h EH>e h ca3HaBaH>e H3flaHi;H HCTor K opeH a, OH^a cy , j e j e HaHHH r jie f la ita h ca3HaBaH>a, h jih ca3H aB aibe |p o 3 yBH^aH>e. ricHXOJiomKe Hfleje cy H am n n o rjieflH , ieKyjiaii,Hje, co3epi;aBaH>e o ncHXH. ,,IIcH xoJiom K e ^eje cy HaHHH r jie ^ a ib a h ca3HaBaH>a a y m e , TaKO a Jn p o M e H a y ncHXQJiomKHM HflejaMa 3HaHH npoM eH y y |K o rJie fly Ha flymy h yBaacaBaH>y Ayme (H illm an , J. 75, cTp. 121.). Hfleje cy npeM a XHJiMaHy: nofljeflHaKO o h o mTO b h a h - HeKa n o ja B a h jih o 6 jih k y KOHKpeTHOM CMHCJiy - h o h o nocpejjCTBOM nera HeKO b h a h . M h h x I HAHMO. a ( t o | nocpeACTBOM h>hx. Hfleje cy noAjeAl.H aK o o 6 jih k Ac^ai)aH>a, h>hxob3 K O H crejiaijH ja y o b o m | j i h o h o m apxerancK O M o 6 p acu ,y , h HaHHHH nocpeA S(JiTBOM K ojnx HaM je o M o ry h eH o Aa y A orat)aH > H M a yo| h h m o H>HXOBe o 6 p a c ije (1975, CTp. 121.). H m iijih iih |% H a Be3a H3Mei)y T o ra Aa cy HAeje o h o U o c p e d c iu e o M n e z a b h a h m o h e u f) e tb a c o m u x HAeja H aroB em T aB a Aa to T o BHine HAeja hm 3m o B nrne heM o BHAera, a i h t o A y6jbe HAeje noceAyjeM O, A y6jbe heMO BHAera. IIlTaBHme, 6 e 3 HAeja mh h h cm o y craH>y Aa rjieflaMo , je p h o h o u i t o oHHMa onaacaMo je c T e o 6 jih KoBaHO c x o a h o OApeijeHHM HAejaMa. JeAHOM cm o CBeT | BHAeJiH Kao paBHy njiony, noTOM Kao JionTy; a o jy n e ce |C y H ije oKpeTajio o k o eMJbe, o a A^Hac 3eM Jba o k o | C y H n a, a npn CBeMy o bom H am e o h h h M oh onaacaiba

| ' ce HHcy npoMeHHJie AOJiacKOM PeHecaHce. O h o mTo ' ce yncTHHy MeH>a cy Hame HAeje, a Kpo3 h>hx h o h o h i t o ,,onaacaM o h ,,b h a h m o . H3Bop npoM eH a H ^eja

57

noHHBa y pym H He y npoM eHH y (J)yHKi^HOHHcaH>y n y jih h x o p ra H a h jih ycTpojcTB y M oxpaH H x ,,MOflyjia . ,J J y m a c e , b c jih XHJiMaH, OTKpHBa y cBojHM n p e jaM a , a ,,mh cm o yBeK y 3 a rp jb a jy HeKe H eje (H illm an, J. 1975, CTp. 121.). H an o cjieT K y , ,,mh b h a h m o o h o m T a HaM H am e Hfleje, ycM epaBaH e ofl CTpaHe a p xeTH noBa, p03B 0JbaB ajy p a b h jjh m o " (H illm a n , J. 1983. 6., CTp. 73.). TaMO rpe caBpeM eH a n c H x o jio rn ja bhjj,h cBojy CTBapHy BpepHOCT, capp>KaHy y MeTOflOJiornjH, h h CTpyMeHTHMa h npHMeHH, a p x e r a n c K a ncHXOJiorHja y o n a B a MaibKaBOCT. HaHMe, ncHXOJiorHja ocK ypeB a H ^ejaM a, u c u x o a o i u k u m u d e jc iM a K oje nopcTMMy pe4>jieKCHjy fly m e o BJiacTHToj n p n p o flH , cK Jiony h Ha3HaMeH>y. CTora H acnoB JyHroBe KH>Hre CaBpeMeHH HOBeK y TparaH>y 3a aym o M (Jung, C. G. 1933.), X h jiM3H He CXBaTa HCKJbyHHBO, K ao n03HB 3a OTKpHBaH>eM/TBopeH>eM A ym e yH yTap aHanHTHHKe ceaH ce, B eh h K ao no6yi)HBaH>e M apa 3a HepocTaTHHM n c n xojiomKHM HflejaMa. A aKO j e H3BopHa fly * H o cT n c n x o jio r a a SpMHe o Ayiiffl, p a j e n cH x o -T ep an ey T (v j/u ^ ii- ncH xa; + 0 p a7 isu x fjp - c jiy ra , H eroB aT ejb, flp y r, ca 6 o p a i^ ; npHM. B. B. n .) , oHfla h e o h Haj6ojbe cjiy)KHTH ncHXH yKOJiHKO p a 3 p a t)y je , n p o p ;y 6 jb y je H>eHe Hfleje, h o 6 o r a h y je H>eH je3HK ( jio r o c , A,oyoc;). U I to j e B eh e 6oraTCTBO n p e ja o A ym n th m j e 6 o r a r a j a H>eHa cJ)eH0MeH0Ji0rHja. n p e M a XHJiMaHy M ap 3a flym y, 6 p n r a o ncHXH n o H a j6 o Jb e ce MOce HCKa3aTH Kpo3 a p x e iU u u c K O u c u x o j i o u 3 o e a t b e (Hillman, J. 1975.). A p x e r a n c K e Hfleje cy Hfleje c o 3 e p u ,a B a H > a , o a h o c h o , oH e K o je o x p a 6 p y jy co3epu;aH>e, n p n ie M y c e O Ba p e n o ^ h o c h Ha o r a e ^ a ib e , pe<J>JieKCHjy, cneKyjiau;Hjy, pa3MaTpaH>e h j i h M am T aibe. JlaK Jie, apxeT H ncK e n fle je cy 4>eHOMeHH M a n rre h j i h 4>aHTa3Hje. CTora, apxeT H ncK o n c n x o Jio rH30BaH>e 03H aliaBa nofljepHaKO, (JjaHTa3HjcKy aKTHBh o c t pa3M aTpan>a c b h x 4>eH O M eH a n o M o h y M a u iT e h HMarHHai^nje h , A p y ro , pa3MaTpaH>e CBaKe H ^eje, n p e Bacx0flH 0, K a o n c n o jb a B a ib e n c n x e . ncH X 0Ji0rH 30B aH>e n e npe^cT aB Jba, HCKjbyiiHBo, aHaJiH30BaH>e H am n x

PifiEHHOCTH h ncH xojiom K e r p a ije , n o n y T n p o 6 jie M a , 3Ta h jih cHOBa, B eh h Hjjeja KojHMa npoynaB aM O p a m e ji h h h o c t h h ncH xojiom K y rp a i)y . n p H M e p n ije , f o a y M a HHje H em To i h t o c e ^ e m a B a HeKoj o c o 6 h B eh H h h Ha K ojn mh BHflHMo o h o m T a ce flem aB a. Tpaf c r a , y to m cjiy n a jy , HHje naTO Jiom K a n o ja B a H e ro n a )Ji0 rH 3 0 B a H a npeflCTaBa (Hillman, J. 1983. 6., c r p . !1#?.), npeflCTaBa K oja je n o c r a jia ,,H enoflH om jbHBa . ||Kkjca>KeTHje: ,,ap x era n c K O ncHX0Ji0rH30BaH>e 03Ha<tflBa HcnHTHBaH>e caMHX H aum x H ^eja nocpe^cTBOM ||)xeranoB a (Hillman, J. 1975, CTp 127.). A p x e r a n c K o ncHX0Ji0rH30BaH>e HMa flBojaK HHJb. n P Bo, cxBaTaH>e ;ja cBaKa H ^eja o ^p aacaB a flym y, j(a ncH xa Kpo3 H>y 3 6 o p n n o B p a h a CHary caM oj fly m n (Tj. TBopH A ym y) h ncH xojiorH jn. Kafla T o ra HeMa, a 1, H cT opnja ncHXOJiornje je H aj6ojbH npH M ep, oH ^a 1 H encH xojioiaK e Hfleje 6uB ajy 3aofleH yTe fl,ymeBHHM B peflH ocraM a a mh npoaceTH pa3HopoflHHM H jjeojioI rn jaM a. CHara H fleo jio rn ja He noHHBa Ha h c t h h o c t h | Hfleja, H>HX0B0j BajbaHoj apTHKyjiau,H]H, B eh Ha a y I HiaMa K oje cy H ^ ry 6 n jie cBoje ncH xojiom K e n e p c n e K | THBe. n c H x a cHpoM am Ha HflejaMa JiaKa je x p T B a , HeI M ohHa jia n p o H a ije cBoj aymeBHH HfleHTHTeT y n c n |i | 0 Ji0 mK 0 M n o jb y . ncH X 0Ji0rH 30B aibe h jih rjia fl flym e - 3 a HflejaMa, a He ncH xoJiorH ja n o B p a h a ncH xy y H>eH I JKSBopHH n p o c T o p . C npoM am T B o Hfleja y aKa^eMCKoj h KJiHHHHKoj y H enocpe^H oj je Be3H ca HHCHCTHpaibeM Ha npaKTHHHOM. H jeflHa h flp y ra cy onxpB aH e 3a6jiyflOM n p a rM a ra H H O cra (Hillman, J. 1975, CTp. 123.)
hchxoji o r n j h

npeTnocTaBKOM fla ce BpejjHOCT HeKe Hfleje flOKa3yje H>eHOM KopncHomhy.

n p a r M a r a H H a 3 a 6 jiy ^ a nopH H e j e f l H y o^; o c h o b h h x nperaocT aB K H ncHX0Ji0rH30BaH>a - a cy Hfleje | HeoflBojHBe ofl npaKTHHHor A en aib a, jja je T e o p n ja 1KcTOBpeMeHO h n p a K c a , fla HeMa H H H e r n p a K ra u H H je r | 3a n c H x o jio rn jy H e ro 06pa30BaH>e Hfleja h oTKpHBaiba y H>HMa
h> hxobhx

n c H x o jio m K H x n o c jie f lH i;a . C B a K a

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59

T eopH ja K oje c e p * h m o npaKTHKyje c e H an HaMa y o b o m h jih o h o m BHfly, TaK o fla cy Hfleje yBeK y npaKCH h He MOpaMO HX TBMO CMeiHTaTH. f lp y r o , a y u ia , K po3 apxeTHncKO ncHX0Ji0rH30BaH>e, n p eT B a p a 36nBaH>a y Ao*HBJbaBaH>a. 36HBaH>a MaKOJiHKO M ory 6 h t h npeflM eT n cH x o jio m K o r n p o y n a BaH>a HeMajy Be3e c a ncnxoM , 6 h jio fla y H>HMa y iiecTByjeMO, a h x npoaaiBJbaB aM O , naTHMO, n a6 H p HHMO, oH a He npofl,y6jbyjy h h t h H 3 o u rrp aB ajy H arne n cH xojiouiK e Kanai^HTeTe. IloMohy n c n x o jio rH 3 o BaH>a n0K ym aB aM 0 fla n poapeM O Kpo3 n p o 6 jie M 36HBaH>e, fla OTKpnjeMo fly6nH y, yHyTpamH>ocT, ceh o b h t o c t y OHOMe mTO c e jjaje. fl,y6HHa h jih yHyTpamH>ocT HHcy n p o c T o p H e Hfleje H e ro HMarHHajiHe M eTacJiope, HMarHHajiHH h c h x h h k h KBajiHTeT CBaKor 36HBaH>a. T p a ra T H 3a fly6HHOM y HeKOM 3 6 n B a ity 3HaHH noBe3aTH r a c a aym oM , c t b o p h t h BH3Hjy o OHOMe m T a c e flem aB a, M a m T a ra o MHorocTpyKHM HMnJiHKai^njaMa. J],orofl c e flpacHMO 36HBaH>a, ncHx o jio n ija K ojy Ha H>HMa rpaflHM o HeMa floflnpHHX T anaK a c a ncHXOM, j e p 36HBaH>a He r e H e p n m y cBecT. O ho mTO p a ^ a h /h jih n o ja n a B a cBecT je c y a o jk h BJi>aBaH>a. JyH roB B jepyjy y esse in anima, y t o fla j e HOBeK yH yTap noji>a flv m e, oflHocHo fla je fly m a M eTacfjopa K oja o6yxB aT a JbyflCKo 6 n h e , noflBprHyTO j e o c o 6eHOM HHTaH>y y apxeTH ncK oj n cH x o jio rn jH . n p B o , H3Me^y JyH roB e MeTacjDope h X a jfle re p o B o r nojMa Dasein (Ty6nhe) cT aB Jta ce 3HaK jeflHaKOCTH (Avens, R. 1982; Avens, R. 1984.). IlonyT cB or c|)eH0MeH0Ji0 u iK o r cpoflHHKa, h XHJiMaH y cbom HHT3H>y esse in anima cTaBJba y flp y rn njiaH xyM3HHCTHHKe h aH Tpon o jio m K e npeT nocT aB K e. Y h c to ] MepH y K ojoj jja cenH HHje HOBeK flo MecTO npncycT B a h 0TKp0BeH>a B n h a , t o j i h k o h esse in anima H aroB em T aB a caMOH aflp acT ajy h e, caM onpeB a3H Jia3ehe Tj., Heji>yflCKe flHMeH3Hje. X hjim 3H H 3pa% aB a HejbyflCKy n p n p o fly flym e Ha c jie fle h n HaHHH: ,,A y m a yjia3H y cBe mTO j e h o b c k h y CBeMy j e i h t o je jbyflCKo. JbyflCKO n o c T o ja ib e j e n c n -

X0 Ji0 m K 0 n p e H e ro m T o je 6 h jio u r r a flp y ro ... A jih TBpflH>a a fly m a y jia 3H y cBe m T o je JbyflCKo He Moace 6 h t h npeoKpeHjnra. JbyncKo He y jia 3H y CBe mTO je fly m a, h h t h je cBe ncHxoJiomKo jbyflCKo. H o b c k 6 hbCTByje n o c p e fl n c n x e ... fly m a HHje orpaH H H eH a HOBekom , h y flym n HMa M H oro T o ra i h t o n p e B a 3HJia3H 7byCKy n p n p o fly . HejbyflCKH cy a o m c th fly m e (Hillm an, J. 1975, crp. 173.). XnjiMaHOBe peHH, K oje yKa3yjy fla j e y caM oj c j t h t h h h HOBeKa HemTO u i t o je (JjyHflaMeHTajiHO HejbyflCKO (flym a; npHM B. B. n.) H ajia3e ofljeK a y X a jflerepoBH M MHCJiHMa: nH Taibe K oje ce THHe HOBeKOBe n p n p o fle HHje m r ra ib e o HOBeKy (Heidegger, M. 1966, CTp. 58.). H o HaK, HaKo je HOBeKOB jkhbot caMo jeflHO Ofl M Horo6pojHHX H cnojbaB aiba fly m e, jbyflCKO 6 h BCTBOBaibe yBeK h H3Hafl cB era j e c r e ncH xojiom K o. H e H3BOflH ce ncH x o jio rH ja H3 OHor mTO j e jbyflCKO, HanpoTHB, o h o m T o j e jbyflCKO noHHBa Ha flymH/ncHX0 Ji0 m K0 M. JJoacHBjbaj fly m e K ao ,,M oje , yTejioB jbeH e ,,yH yTap MojHX rpyflH , o r h o c h ce Ha npHBaTHocT h yHyTpamH>ocT ncHXHHKor JKHBOTa, ajiH He oflHocn ce Ha docnoG H o BJiacHHmTBO hjih d o c n o e n y yH yTpam ibocT . JJoacHJbaj yHyTpamH>ocTH He o a h o c h ce h h t h Ha jioKai^Hjy h h t h Ha c|)H3h h k h cacyfl. T o HHje n p o cT o p H a Hfleja, H ero HMarHHajiHa M eTa|)opa 3a HeBHflJbHBa h HeflocjioBHa CBojcTBa flym e, HMarHHajiHH KBajiHTeT yH yTap c b h x cTBaP H (Hillman, 1975, cTp.

173.).
n p o i^ e c d exyM aH U 3au,uje, 3a KojH ce XHJiMaH 3aJiaace (1975.), noHHBa Ha CMemTaH>y HOBeKa yH yrap ncHxe (a He flym e y HOBeKa). noBpahaj Ha npaB y Mepy 0M 0ryhaBa npeHcnHTHBaH>e cBaKe jbyflCKe flejiaTHOc t h Kao ncHXOJiomKe. IUTaBHme, flexyMaHH3aijHja je y cjiy*6H H3rpaflH>e h oHyBaH>a ncH xojiornje, a fla 6 h onyB ajia CBojy He3aBHCH0CT oHa M opa fla ce ycpeflnmTH o k o flym e a He o k o JbyflCKOCTH (xyMaHH3Ma). K afla ce H3ry6n Map 3a ncnxoM , ncnxojiorH ja nocT aje MeflHUHHa hjih coi^HOJiornja h jih npaKTHHHa ncnxoJiornja... y cbhm th m o6jiacTHMa, flym a je flpyropa3-

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61

pejjHa hjih oflcyTHa... ricHxojxorHja ce cypBaBa y Te pa3JiHHHTe oKBHpe xyMaHH3Ma Kafla H3ry6n xpa6pocT fla 6yae oho ih to jecTe, u ito 3HaHH xpa6pocT fla KBaJIHT3THBHO HCKOMH H3 CBojHX XyM3HHCTHHKHX npeTnOCTaBKH, H3BaH HOBeKa y JIHHHOCHOMCMHCJiy, H3B3H ncHxe y xyMaHHCTHHKOM CM HCJiy. Tbophth aymy 3Hahh flexyMaHH30BaTH (Hillman, J. 1975, cTp. 180.). O flH oc a y m e n p eM a c M p u lu , a pen je o TeMH Koja npoacH M a i(ejiy a p x e ra n c K y ncH x o jio rH jy , y cJiyac 6 n je
MeTacJjopHHHe aejiaTHOcTH n c n x e . MeTa<J>opHHHO n p H n o B e a a ite a o h o c h c a c o 6 o m CMpT - cMpT h 3 h b h o m peajiH3My, HHji;HBHflyajiH3My, xyMaHH3My, HaTypajiH3My, h o c jio b h o m pa3yMeBaH>y. JJeKJiapaTHBHe TBpflH>e h jih o 6j anm>eH>a K oja noHHBajy Ha npeM HcaM a h jih jacHOM KOHTeKCTy He npeflCTaBJi>ajy MeTatJjopHHHH HaHHH o n m T e ita , K oje c e yBeK flaje c a CBojoM ceHKOM - CBojHM KBaJIHTeTOM KaO fla , TpajHOM BHmeCMHc j i e H o m h y MeTacjDope. Cb3kh xepojcK H noTXBaT o 6 y 3flaBaH>a (JieHOMeHa 0 HeM 0 ry h a B a c e (y 6 n ja ) MeTacJjopHHHHM Ka3HBaH>eM. XHJiMaHOBe peHH ,,a y m a T paacn cMpT, a c m p t BeHHTO o 6 HTaBa y jj,ymn (1 9 6 5 , CTp. 8 0 .), He T p e 6 a c x b 3 t h t h fl0 CJi0 BH0 , K ao KaKaB n p o ije c pacnaflan> a, oayMHpaH>a h jih Tpyji>eH>a. HanpoTHB, TeK c a cM phy aaiBOT flo 6 n ja Ha nyH ohH , je p je c m p t jeflHHO Ji>yflCKo a priori. X h b o t h CMpT ynoTnyH>aBajy jeflHO flp y ro , ca a p * ;a B a jy jeflHO flp y ro , a jeflHO 03 h>hx y to m HepacKH^HBOM n a p y MOJKe 6 h t h cxB aheH o HCKJi>yHHBo no3HBaH>eM Ha o h o a p y r o . BpeflHOCT *HBOrr a ce OTKpHBa K po3 CMpT, a H>eroB cMHcao n o ja m ita B a yMHp a ite M . JeflHHo aK o >khbh M ory fla yM py, (oHfla cy) yM H pyhn CTBapHO x h b h (Hillman, J. 196 5 , c r p . 5 9 .). Kpo3 aoacHBJbaj y M H p aita h c m p th o c th * h b o t flo 6 n ja Ha n y 6 HHH (flo S n ja fly 6 HHy), nocTaje noTnyHHje n c n XOJIOmKO HCKyCTBO. y HMarHHajiHOM CMHCJiy CMpT je yBeK HHTeHijHOHajma h , HCTOBpeMeHO, yK a3yje Ha orpaHHHeHOCT M ohn ca3HaBaH>a. CMpT j e xeA,ot; ( t c jio c , r p . - CBpxa,

. ijHJh) CBaKe fly u ie h ncHXHHKor n p o ije c a . A k o c b 3 k h iic h x h h k h n p o ije c y c e 6 n h o c h ceM e cMpTH, a He caMO pym njiaH K H n p o ije cH K oje O p o jfl n p H n n c y je T aH all* TOCy, oHfla cBaKa flymeBHa 3 K th b h o c t, CBe ncnxHHKO CTpeMH c m p th . CMpT je K paj, 3aBpm eTaK , HCTOBpeMeHo HcnyH>eH>e h Ha3HaHeH>e. CBaKH caHHHHTejt f!CHXHHKor acHBOTa M opa 6 h t h cxBaheH c})HHajiHCTHh k h , a th m CBaKH ofl h>hx nojeflHHaHHO npeflCTaBJta , ,,OKOHHaHy npeflCTaBy n o c e 6 n , (K oja) ynoTnyH>aBa CBojy c b p x o b h t o c t K oja je , y h c t o BpeMe, 6ecK pajH a, Be fl0CJi0BH0 6ecK pajH a y BpeMeHy H e ro 6e3rpaHHHHa y fly6HHH. JlpyrH M peHHMa, MoaceMo ce 3aycTaBHTH HHrfle... h 6 h jio rfle, je p H3 (J)HHajiHCTHHKor cTaHOS BHmTa cBe je K paj n o c e 6 n . H n jb je yBeK ca fla (HillJg m an, J. 1979. a., cTp. 31.). M C xB aheH a K ao iuejioc, cMpT je yBeK npncyT H a a V o n e T H eonaaceH a. Er3HCTeHi;Hj3 jih c th h k h cxB aheH o, H CMpTje npncycTBO Koje je npHcyTHO - K ao - 0flcycTB0, K ao 0 flc y T H 0 npncycTBO K oje ce He OTKpHBa ( a Tpa>KH fla 6yfle pa30TKpHBeH0) nocpeflCTBOM H am n x ca3H aB jh h x c n 0C06 H0 CTH. H o OBa BpcTa npncycT B a je oflI cycTBo K oje HHje-BaH flym e; m TaBH m e, flo H>era ce He W flOJia3H Kpo3 yM fBeh Kpo3 ncH xy h ite H e HMarHHaW THBHe Mohn. Hame ca3HaH>e je , nonyT acHBOTa, o r p a % HHHeHO (o rp aH H n a B a jy h e), cejieKTHBHO h KOHaHHO ! (0K 0H H aB ajyhe) Te h o h o , cjihhho jk h bo tv , M o * e 6 h t h | ynoTnyH>eHo cBojoM hckohckom H H om hy - HMarHHa* i^HjoM/cMphy/flymoM. n p e M a JyH ry, H eno3H aTo (HecsecHO, npHM. B. B. n . ) je yBeK HcnyH>eHO cJjaHTa*| 3HjaMa (Jung, C. G. CW 11), a <|jaHTa3Hje cy yBeK ,,ayT onopT peT H o H o ra ih t o ce flem aB a y HecBecHOM (Jung, C. G. and Kerenyi, C. 1993, CTp. 74.). flB a 3aKjbyHKa nponcTH H y H3 0 B 0 r o c o 6 e H o r oflH oca flym e h c m p th : npB o, cBaKo ca3HaH>e noHHBa Ha HMarHHaijHjH h , flp y ro , cBaKa caMope4)JieKCHBHa aKTHBHOCT H CB3KH HHH CaMOCa3HaBaH>a H3BHpe H3 HenpeKHflHe ynoTnyH >yjyhe n r p e H eno3H aT or h cJ)aHTa| 3Hje. Hama n p a B a JiHija ce He OTKpHBajy y *HBJteH>y | B eh y yMHpaH>y.

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4. IICHXa, MHT H S o ro B H
H enpeK H flH o H a ra a u ia B ajy h H pa3MaTpaH>e fly m e K ao Meuiatpope, a He K ao eHTHTeTa HHjn c e o h t o jio iiik h c ra T y c MOJKe H3BecTH H3 MeTa(J)H3HHKHX a p ry MeHaTa h jih eMnHpnjcKHX flOKa3HBaH>a, ap x eT H noJ103H npH 3H ajy 3 a j e ncHXHMKa peaJiHOCT HepacKHflHBO Be3aHa 3a peiiiopuKy. A H3BopHa peT opH K a a p x e THncKe n cH x o Jio rn j e j e m uluoaoui k u . r o B o p h m h t cy je^H O Te h c t o , yHH H ac xejieHHCTa B aJiT ep I>. O to , h flOflaje ,,MHT H3BOpHO 3HaHH HCTHHHTa peH ... rOBOp o OHOMe m x o je c T e (Otto, 1962, CTp. 279. h 285.). TaK aB ro B o p o 6 p a h a c e cBaKOM jbyflCKOM 6 n h y Ha HajH3BopHHjH HaHHH, n p e M o m h y jy h n 06pa30BaH >e, y 3pacT h B epy. Je3HK MHTa HajiHKyje ro B o p y cHOBa, (J)aHTa3Hja, naT O Jio rn je, crpacT H , naTH>e, flaKJie cBeMy OHOMe mTO je HCTOBeTHo cbom JbyflCKOM pofly. M h t o b h HaM c e o 6 p a h a jy je3HKOM K ojn pa3yMeMO, K ojn j e cJ)aHTacTHHaH, eMOi^HOHajiaH, nyjiaH h flpaMaTHHaH. H>eroBa M oh c a flp x a H a j e y H encijpnH oj c h o c o 6 h o c t h n p e oKpeTan>a - KOHKpeTHa, nojeflHHaHHa 36HBan>a 6 HBajy nyTeM MHTCKor npHnoBeflaH>a yHHBep3ajiH30BaHa, a o n e T , caMe yHHBep3ajiHje - nocpeflCTBOM o c o 6 eHHx m h tc k h x npeflCTaBa, JiHKOBa h jih M ecTa - y n o je flHHaneHe. A ko caM y cTan>y fla 6 h jio K ojy cTBap, HMe h jih n p e flc ra B y H3 M or JiHHHor >KHBoTa ao>khbhm m h tc k h , OHfla oH a (o H e) nonpH M a yHHBep3aJiHO 3HaneH>e h , HCTOBpeMeHO, cBaKa ancTpaK TH a yH H Bep3ajinja (K oja n o K p e h e , ycM epaB a h jih y cT pojaB a h o b c k o b m b o t h jih cyfl 6 HHy) 6 n h e npeflCTaBJbeHa K ao KOHKpeTHa aKi^nja h jih paflH>a.

yMa. Y npaB O t h jih k o b h caHHH>aBajy 0CH0By, K opeH e,

p r i m a m a te r i a HauiHX ncHXHHKHX acHBOTa. M h t o b h

HHcy H3MHmjbOTHHa y3aJiyflH or h jih 3 a c T p a m e H o r yMa B eh caflp acajn K oje d o J ic u e /b a e a M o , K ao i i i t o BejiH JyHr. A KonepHHKaHCKH o 6 p T ca cT o jn ce y TOMe m T o c e Te H3BopHe, h c k o h c k c h cTBapHe cTpyK Type o n n p y 6 h jio KaKBOM n o K y m a jy npojeKU(Hje. Y M ecTo fla H3BOflHMO (MHTCKe) JIHKOBe H3 HaiHHX nCHXHHKHX CTaH>a, MH MOpaMO H3BOflHTH H ailia nCHXHHK3 CTaH>a H3 THX jiHKOBa (Jung, C. G. CW 13). PeHHMa IJ. XnjiMaHa HnKafla He MoaceMO 6 h t h cnrypH H fla jih mh M amTaM o h>hx h jih o h h M am Tajy Hac... CBe mTO 3HaMO j e fla H 3rjiefla fla h h c m o y CTaH>y fla ManiTaMO 6 e 3 h>hx; o h h cy npeflycJioBH H am e H M a rH H a u ,H je. Y k o jih k o h x H3MHmjbaMO, oHfla h x H3MHmjbaMo cxoflH o o 6 p ac ijH Ma Koje cy o h h nocT3BHJiH (Hillman, J. 1975, c r p .

151.).

n PeMa peHHMa 4)HJioco{J)a apxeTHnojiorHje P.

E jB eH ca p e n j e o CBojeBpcHoj KonepHHKaHCKoj peB ojivuhjh, K oja no6nja B epy y fleKapTOB Cogito h y3flaH>e y HHHeoBor Ubermensch-a (Avens, 1980.). M htobh cy flpaMaTHHHH, nepCOHHcj)HKOBaHH OnHCH HeJbyflCKHX hjih KBa3H-JbyflCKHx npocTpaH CTaBa rfle BJiaflajy 3a-

cTpamyjyhn, TparHHHH, (J)aHTacTHHHH jihkobh nnja

XTeH>a h H aM epe H3MHHy P a3yMCKHM MohHMa CBecHor

BoacaHCTBa, fleMOHH h KaKBa HHa Jirnja flpeBHHX K aaca cy y cymTHHH noeTCKH HMeHHTejbH 3a TexHHHKe nojMOBe - apxeT H noB e. CTora cy m h to b h flpaMaTCKH OnHCH nCHXHHKHX npO U eca HCK33aHH n e p c 0 HHcJ)HK0 BaHHM je3HKOM, oflHOCHO o u u c u uoH aiuahba a p x e u iu iio e a . HcTOBpeMeHO, m h to b h cy M eu ia u c iv c o jio zu ja h M eu ia u c u x 0 u a u i0 J i0 2 u ja , mTO cy jo m noneTKOM BeKa yoHHJiH C. O p o jfl h K. r. JyHr (ceTHMO ce caMO Epoca, TaHaToca, EflHna, JJnoHHca, MaHa j i h h h o c t h , n e p cecj)OHe/Kope, BejiHKe M ajKe...; npHM. B. B. n . ) . Kao TaKBH, m h to b h npeflCTaBJbajy o n n r r e JbyflCKO 3a jie t)e h 0 CH0 By CBaHHjer nojeflHHaHHor x a o c a fly m e h jih n c n x o n aT O Jio rn je, Te cBaKH no K y m aj pa3yMeBaH>a HeHHje ncHXHHKe 6 y p e 0Tn0HHH>e T p araib eM 3a m h tc k h m o6pacijH M a, je p m h tc k h jih k o b h (apxeT H ncK e cj)n ry p e) h h>hxobo n o H a m a ib e flajy o6jamH>eH>a o h o t mTO ce oflBHja y HamHM nojeflHHaHHHM > khbothm 3. O ho i h t o HHHH JIHHHOCT HflHOCHHKpaTHHHOM H HeHOHOBJbHBOM He HCXOflH H3 JIHHHHX HCKyCTaB3 B eh H3 He-JIHHHHX H HaflJiHHHHX caflpacaja flym e. H o mTO j e jo m BascHHje, m h t He T B opn HCKJbyh h b o M eTancHXonaTQjiorHjy. Kao i h t o Kaace XepMaH

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E p o x : M h t j e apxeT H n cB aK or (JjeHOMeHajiHor ca3HaBan>a 3a K oje j e jb jtjc k h yM c n o co S aH . A p x eT H n cB aK or JtyflCK or ca3HaBaH>a, apxeT H n HayKe, apxeT H n yMeTHocTH - m h t je aieflCTBeHO h apxeT H n 4>hjiococJ)Hje (B ro ch , H. y kh>B3h R. B esp alo ff, 1947, cTp. 15.). flaK Jie, m h t j e ocHOBa cBaKe M eT ancH xojiorH je ajiH h cB aK or ca3Han>a ( o n p n p o flH , HOBeKy, B o ry ...). IIlTaBHHie, m h tc k o ca3HaH>e j e ocHOBa CBaKor JbyflCKor ca3HaH>a. Y k o jih k o je TaHHa XHJiMaHOBa TBpflH>a ^ a ,,mh He MoaceMO h h 0 neM y MaiiiTaTH h jih HiHTa H3BeCTH IHTO B eh <J)OpMaJIHO HHje flaTO nOCpe^CTBOM apxeT H ncK e HMarHHau;Hje E o ro B a (H illm an , J. 1980, CTp. 3 .), oHjja ce y cb 3 k o m n o K y m ajy JbyACKor ca3HaH>a cy c p eh eM o ca OTKpnheM fla pa3yM h MHmjbeH>e n o HHBajy Ha HMarHHai^HjH. T e o jio r IJ e p a ji/j C jia c e p n o ja m ita B a MHTCKy/HMarHHajmy 0CH0By ca3HaBaH>a cjieAehHM peHHMa: ,,M h onaacaMo-CTBapaMo H am c b c t Ha MHTCKe HaHHHe, a TH MHTCKH H3HHHH HHcy e r p p a i^HOHajiHe TBopeBHHe B eh flapoBH H3 H ajB ehnx fly6nHa, K ojn ce JtyflCKoj c b c c t h jaBJi>ajy y BHfly HMarHHajih h x n p o ite c a (S lu sser, G. 1989, CTp. 89.). H o , H a ra a c aK HHje Ha ayT0H0MH0j aKTHBHOCTH ncH xe Kpo3 HMarHHaTHBHe n p o i^ e c e B eh Ha cBecHoj peajiH3ai;H jH . XnjiM aH Taj c b c c h h noTXB3T Ha3HBa m u moAou3anujoM (1 9 7 5 .), n p n neM y HeMa Ha yMy flpaMaTHHHe h (JjaHTacTHHHe n p n n e 3peBHHX BpeMeHa, H e ro cHM6ojiHHHy H apai^njy K po3 K ojy c e n p o ja B J ty jy yHHBep3aJIHH, KOJieKTHBHH H nOHOBJbHBH o6paci^H ncHXHHKor o f lr o B a p a ita y cy cpeT y ca > k h b o to m . O h o Ha m r a XnJiMaH i^ H J ta je KBajiHTeT 6 h jio K o r JbVACKor npeflCTaBJLaH>a BHtjeHor H3 nepcneK TH Be flym e. n o B p a h a i t e TaK Bor CTaHOBHmTa n p eM a H ayi;n, <J)HJIOCO(J)HjH, CBaKOflHeBHOM 3flpaBOM pa3yM y, H3K H Ham eM (|)aHTa3Hj ckom *HBOTy M o ry h e j e Kpo3 ,,n p o 3Hpan>e (seein g th ro u g h ) 0 H 0 r ih t o j e aocjiobho f l a m n o m T o j e m h t o flo p a y K ojy c e n c n x a n p e p y m a B a Kafla 3 6 o p n o ce6H , OHfla j e npaBH h ochobhh h chxojiohikh noTXBaT npo3HpaH>e, c a rjie fla B a ite Kpo3 o h o m T o ce

H enocpeflH o flaje m h t o m . ,,X h b h m h t ce He o n a * a K ao m h tck h cBe flOK ( hhcm o ) n p o 3 p ejiH Kpo3 H>era (Hillm an, J. 1975, c r p . 155.). ^a K Jie , MHTOTBopaHKa fle Jia ra o c T 6HBa ocB eTJbeHa jeflHHO Kpo3 n p o u ,ec peMUMOAOzu3au,uje, y Kojy je ncH xa HenpeKHflHO yKJbyHeHa. ncH X O Jiornja Ha Taj HaHHH npeBOflH Ha MeTacjDopHHKH je3HK flym e o h o m T o je H3peneHO je3HKOM ancT paK T H or flyxa. PeMHTOJiorH3au;Hja He 03H anaBa cjio6oflHO ocm hinjtaB affce m h to b 3 B eh noHOBHO HmHHTaBaH>e Kaaca K oje npnnoBeflaM O o HamHM 5 k h b o th m 3 y cBeTJiy apxerancK H X ripHHa K oje TBopH flym a, fla 6h cm o o t k p h j i h H3BopHe n o K p e T a n e K ojn n p o * H M a jy cBaKy Hamy paipioH ajiH y aBaHTypy. O b h m XnjiM aH o fly c ra je ofl Jy H ro B o r HacTojaH>a rpai)eH>a n c H x o jio n ije K ao HayKe h 3 a J ia a c e ce 3a TBopeH>e x e p M e H e y u iu K e flym e, HHjn MeTOfl noHHBa Ha HecnyTaHOM ypaH>aH>y y HMarH H aiprjy. H an o cjieT K y , noflyflapHOCT n c H x o Jio rn je h m h to jio r n je r a n e ce o H T o i io m K o r cTaTyca ncHXo.JiouiKHX HciCa3a. M h t^ k o je cneKyjiyM ncHXOJioniKor, H>eroB oflpa3 c OHe cTpaH e jiHHHor. M h t n p y ac a o6jeKTHBHH acneK T cy6jeKTHBHHM 3H aneH >H M a y h c h x h h k h m flora^ajH M a... MHTOJiorHja He M o a c e a fla H e 6yfle MeTan c H x o jio rn ja , H eonxoflH a 6 h jio KaKBOM o h m o a o m k o m (noflB yK ao B . B . n . ) o n n c y n cH xojiorH je. I I I t o fly6ji>e yjia3H y cB oje 6 n h e , ncHXOJiornja BHiue n o c T a je m h tCKa (Hillman, J. 1978, cTp. 2 6 7 .). XHJiM3HOBe peHH yK a3yjy fla ce npHfleB ,,0HT0Ji0mKH He oflH ocn Ha KaKaB yBeJiHHaHH/yHHBep3ajiH30BaHH cy6jeK T, h h t h H a HeKH eHTHTeT (ens realissimum) TaMO H erfle , flo Ha flym y h HMarHHai^njy. nojam H >aB ajyhH n o c p e fly jy h n anceK T mundus imaginalis-a caflpacaH y XHJiMah o b o m HaBOfly, (J)hjioco4j EjBaH c Kaace: OHTOJiornja je Ji0KajiH30BaHa (nocpefl mundus imaginalis-a\ npHM. B . B . n . ) a fla HHje n p e c T a jia fla 6yfle 0HT0Ji0m K a (Avens, R . 1980, CTp. 30.).

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67

5. riojiHTeHCTHHKa ncHxojiorHja
ripHcehajyhH ce noneTaKa apxeTHncKe ncnxoJioraje, riaTpHina Bepn Ka*e a je cBe nonejio 1968. roflHHe, y jeflHOM jiohjjohckom na6y, Kafla je IJ[. XhjiMaH, y ApyaiTBy oKynjbeHnx aHajiHTHHKHX TepaneyTa, H3pa3Ho cBoje He3afl0B0jtcTB0 craiteM y ncHxoJiorajH cjieflehHM peHHMa: MoH.oiueu3aM je onuiTH npo6jieM ncHxojiorHje h 3anap(H>aMKe mhcjih (Berry y Hauke, 2000., 11.). BacnocTaBJtaH>e naraHCKor, HacraBHhe XHJiMaH, nojiHTeHCTHHKor CBeTa OTyfla je flejioTBophh JieK 3a o6ojiejiy MOHOTeHCTHHKy cBecr HOBeKa 3 anafla. PoflOHanejiHHK apxeTHncKe ncnxojiornje, a noTOM h 6po|HH cjiefl6eHHi^H, He 3aroBapajy BpahaH>e naraHCKOM nojiHTeH3My y aocjiobhom CMHCJiy, aJiH CMaTpajy u c u x o j i o i u k u npeflaMKo mhuiji>eH>e no KOMe hobckom ynpaBji>ajy HaTnpHpoflHe CHJie - EoroBH (liHTaj: apxeTHnoBH) - Koje ce npojaBJtyjy Kpo3 H>eroBa flejiaita. IIojiHTeHCTHHKy npeMHcy apxeTHnojiornje ynoTnyH>aBa 4)hjioco<J) AjBeHc, peHHMa: EoroBH KOHCTHTyHiuy HMarHHajiHo esse cTBapn, Te cy 36o r Tora ohh KpajH>e peajiHocra, H3a n era HeMa HHHera... (Avens, 1984., 123.). M oje HMarHHaJiHO npopaijHBaite H3peneHor HaBo^H Me Ha noMHcao fla ce HOBeKOBa 6nrajHOCT y3BOflH EoroBHMa. flpaaiM fla je euioc (e0oq) HMarHHajiHe ncnxojiorHje y TOMe IHTO ce HOBeKOBO esse H3BOflH 113 ^OaKaHCKOr. 3 aTo yo6jiHHaBaH>e HOBeKOBa HjjeHTHTeTa He noHHBa Ha caMono3HaH>y, ho Ha TOMe KaKo B otobh Maurrajy Hac h noTOM, KaKO mh oflroBapaMo Ha H>HXOBy HMarHHaijHjv. y obom cjiynajy, eToc cxBaTaM y xajerepoBCKOM CMHCJiy - Kao MecTO 6opaBKa, CTaHHiHTe hjih KyhHHiTe. OTyfla H3Jia3H fla he Harna caMOCBojh o c t hjih peajiHocT 3aBHCHra ofl Tora fla JIH 6opaBHMO h o6HTaBaMo y 6jih3hhh 6oroBa hjih He. y npBOM cj!yHajy, HajicpahH nyT flojiaaceita jjo ce6e caMa, BOflH Kpos EoroBe, Tj., Kpo3 Harne MaiirreHO Tparaite 3a HMarHHajiHHM ocHOBaMa HauiHX 6nha. y apyroM, noo n p a B f la H H M

T p a ra 3a HfleHTHTeTOM je CBefleHa Ha / b y d c K o y HaMa, a THMe ocyjehyjeM O 6 h jio KaKaB noK yuiaj caMOTpaHci^eHfleHU,Hje. IIoTXBaT K ojn HMa najieKOcejKHe nocjieflH i;e n o ncHXOJioniKy HayKy h K yjiTypy y o n n iT e je , np eM a p e HHMa a p x e r a n o J io r a ToMa Mypa, n oK ym aj o n opaB K a H n o B p a h a ita u o j i u i u e u c u i u H K e nepcneK TH Be, 3a Kojy ce npBH Met)y a p x e ra n o jio 3 H M a , 3 a Ji0 * H 0 IJ. X hjim 3H (Moore, T. 1980.). y HaflajieKO n03HaT0M e c e jy IIchx o J io rn ja : MOHOTeHCTHHKa h jih nojiHTeHCTHHKa? , a h y 6pojHHM noToitHM cnncHM a, X h jim 3 h H3Jiaace CBojy 3aM Hcao fla je jeflHHO nojiHTeHCTHHKa ncH xoJiorH ja y cTaH>y fla o6jacH H nojiHU,eHTpHHHocT n c n x e (Hillm an, J. 1971.). IIojia3ehH ofl <E>pojflOBHX h JyHroBHX paflOBa, oh cMaTpa fla je HajnpeijH3HHjH MOfleji ocJiH K aBaita JtyflCKe er3H C T eH ii,H je oHaj K ojn H arJiauiaB a HHxepeHTHy h ypot)eH y pa3HOJiHKOCT flyiue, j e p ce jeflHHO TaKBHM MOflejioM M o * e onyBaTH cBe 6 o r a t c t b o c})eH0 MeH0 Ji0 rH je n c n x e . I I chxojiouikh ( a He TeojiouiK H ) nonHTeH3aM ce npoBJiaHH Kpo3 flejia <t>pojfla (npH M epni^e, noJiH M opc [)ho nepBep3Hfo fleTe, HHjn je jih 6 hao nojiHMopcJ)aH, noJiHBaJieHTaH a e p o re H e 30He nojinueH TpH H H e) h jorn BHine JyHra (n p n M e p n u e , H>eroB MOfleji jih h h o c th je cyniTHHCKH M HorocTpyK je p noHHBa Ha pa3HOJiHk hm KOMnneKCHMa K ojn cy, o n e T , H3BefleHH H3 He6pojaHHX a p x e r a n o B a ) , K ojn je y cBojHM cnncHM a o ncHXOJiorHjn h ncHxonaTOJiorHjH nojeflHHU,a h 3ajeflHHije Moacfla noHaj6oibe o n n c a o y3ajaM He oflH oce H3Mei)y ,,napunjaJiHHX jih h h o c th (KOMnjieKca, Tj., cTpyKTypajiHHX caHHHHTejta jih h h o c t h ; npHM. B. B. I I .) H MHoacHHe E o ro B a h E ornita noJiH T en craH K o r naH TeoH a ( a p x e r a n o B a ). OcJiaH>ajyhH ce Ha H>HXOBy ,,noJiHi^eHTpHHHy 4)aHTa3Hjy , X h jim 3 h o flp et)y je noJiHTeHCTHHKy n cH x o Jio rn jy Ha c jie fle h n HaHHH: I I o jih TencTHHKa n c H x o jio rn ja yK a3yje Ha HHxepeHTHy flHcou,Hja6HJiHocT ncH xe h c M eu iT a ite cbccth y m h o ro cT pyK e JiHKOBe h cpeflHUiTa (Hillman, J. 1975, CTp. 26.). X h jim 3 h , npeM a MypoBHM peHHMa, x p a 6 p o Hfle

68

69

flajbe y ocjiHKaBaH>y flyrue, Te yMecTO 6jxarnx peHH n o n y T nojrai^eHTpHHHocTH h MH0r0CTpyK0CTH, y onnCHBaH>y H>eHe m h o h itb c h o c th " h ,,cyuiTHHCKe fleJbHbo c th KopncTH H3pa3 nojiHTeH3aM, CBecHo ra npeV3HMajyhH H3 MHTOJiornje h pejinrnje (Moore, T. 1989.). H o, K oje cy HMnjiHKai^nje yBot)en>a nojMOBa nojiHTencTHHKe n cH x o jio rH je, nojiHTencTHHKe ncnxe, cyiHTHHCKe flejbHBOCTH fly m e?
CBe ncH xojioiH K e, K yjiTypojioiH K e h T ep an n jcK e HMnjiHKai^Hje nojiHTeH3Ma HaroBeiHTeHe cy y jeflHOM ofleJbKy JyHroBHX c n n c a : ,,Y k o jih k o ckjiohoct Ka flHCOI^Hjai^HjH HHje CBojCTBeHa JbVACKO] nCHXH, OflJIOMaheHH ncHXHHKH CHCTeMH He 6 h 6 h jih HHKafla OTijenjbeHH; flpyrHM pen n M a, h h fly x o B H h h t h 6 o r o B H He 6 h HHKafla HacTaJiH. To j e TaK ot)e p a 3 Jio r 3aniTO je H am e BpeMe n o c T a jio noT nyH o 6 c 3 6 o >k h o h npo(J)aH o: HaMa H e^ocT aje cBe ca3HaH>e k o | h m p a c n o Jia a c e HecBecHa ncH xa flOK, (c flp y re CTpaHe) npaTHMO KyjiT c b c c t h . . .

(ncH xojiorH joM Ja, y H ajm npeM 3HaneH>y), k o jh j e caMope(J)JieKCHBaH, noncTO BeheH c a cbojom CBemhy, BOJbOM, cTpeMJbeH>y Ka caMoocTBapeH>y, caMOHa3HaHeH>y h caMoyi^ejioBjbeH>y. 4>aHTa3Hja ijejioB H TO cra, 3flpaBJba, jeflHHCTBa, H yxH o noflpa3yM eB a n o rac K H BaH>e M HorocTpyKocTH, (ncH xo)naT O JiorH je h nojiH i^eHTpHHHOCTH. XmiMaHOBa flH jarH 03a K yjiType h n c n xo Jio rH je noHHBa Ha Hcrau;aH>y iioiuucK iieahba K ao y3poK a fle3HHTerpai^Hje K oja n o r a t) a n o je flm m a h 3ajeflHHu;y. H H je MH0r0CTpyK0CT n aT o jio m K a , B eh n o T p e 6 a f la je nopeKHeMO, noHHmTHMo h jih noTHCHeMo. A k O ce Ofl MHOrOCTpyKOCTH H MHOmTBeHOCTH 6 p a h h m o n p n 6 e ra B a jy h H MexaHH3MHMa o fl6paH e OHe HaM ce B p a h a jy y pymnjiaHKOM BHfly, noflpH B ajyhn B epy y MOHOJIHTHOCT CBeCTH, IjeJIOBHTOCT nojeflHHIja HJIH c jio 6 o fly B ojbe. JlaK Jie, noJiHTeH3aM je H a j6 o jb a MeTacJ)opa 3a ocJiHiaBaibe M o^eJia HOBeKa, H>eroBe m horOCTpyKOCTH H p33HOJIHKOCTH.
J J p y r o , o f l y c T a j y h n o f l M O H O T eH C T H H K e (J)a H T a -

Haiua upaea penuzuja je M0H0iueu3aM ceeciuu, m h c m o H>HMe onceflHyTH, a o b o je c n a p e H o c a (JjaHTac th h h h m hom hhx

n o P Hu;aH>eM n o c T o ja ib a oflJioMaheHHX ayTOcHCTeMa (Jung, C. G.; CW 13, CTp. 55-56.).

Kao npB o, noJiHTencTHHKa MHTOJiornja n p y a ca o flro B a p a jy h e MeTa<J>opHHHo 3 ajiei)e y npe/i;cTaBJbaH>y MHorocTpyKocTH ncH xe, n p n neM y M opaM o HMaTH y BHfly fla nojiHTeHCTHHKa n c n x a HHje hcto h it o h p a cno Jiy h eH a flym a. O naflaH H apxeT H ncK e ncHXOJiorHje 3aM epajy fla je p e n o noMOflHOM (nocTMOflepHHcth h k o m ) HarJiamaBaH>y (JiparMeHTHcaHOCTH y KyjiT y p n ( h K yjiT ype) y o n m T e , m T o n p o n cx o flH p a c ije n jb e H o m h y M opajia, yM eTHOcra, nojiHTHKe h cjihhhom . H o, X h jim 3 h i^HJba ynpaBO Ha cynpoT H o, n p n 6 e r a B ajy h n T eoJiom K oj 4>aHTa3Hjn (nojiH TeH 3aM ), o h n o ja m ib a B a KaKO j e flo m Jio ^ o n p e K Jia n a ib a h n o n c T o BehH Baiba p e JiH rn je h ncHXOJiorHje y KyjiTypH 3anafla, H3 nera hcxoah jja MOHOTencTHHKa p e jiH rn ja p a t)a MOHOTeHCTHHKy ncHXOJiorHjy. C aB peM eH a ncnxojior n j a onHHH>eHa j e m o h o tc h c th h k h m m h t o m o x e p o jy

jih h h o c th , n o J iH T e H 3 a M n o B p a h a CBe n c H X 0 n a T 0 Ji0 m K e (J)e H O M eH e y o K p n j b e f l y m e . J D [ok M O H O T eH crrH H K a c B e c T n o H C T O B e h y je i j e j i o B H T o c r c a 3f lp a B J b e M H fle jo M f l a je flH O B J i a ^ a H ap, cbhm ocT ajihm ( a c n e K T H M a jih h h o c th ) , fla n o c T o jn j e f l a H o 6 p a 3 a u , y u ,e jio B jb a B a H > a h p a c T a jih h h o c th , f l o r a e n o j i H 3 H je i^ejioB H T O C T H T e H 3 a M C B ecH O yB O flH y p a 3 M a T p a H > e (J > p a r M e H T a i;H jy K a o M H o m T B O M 0 r y h H 0 CTH 3 a H H flH B H fly aijH jy .

C bcct
ho

o n c H X H H K o j (J )p a r M e H T a ijH jH m h o to j e noracKHBaibe T e HHH>eHHii,e, j e p y n p a B O

3 f lp a B H ja

n 0 T 0 H>H C TaB

M O H O T e n cT H H K e n c H X O J i o r a j e BOflH H e c B e c H o j c |) p a r -

MeHTai],HjH KOjy 06 HHH0 30BeM0 CXH3 0 (J )p e H H ja . X njiM aH a He 3aHHMa o>KHBJbaBaH>e naraH C K or

nojiHTeH3Ma, o h H anpocTO npHXBaTa flpeBHO B epoB aibe fla HauioM AymoM BJiaflajy 6 p ojH e HyMHH03He CHJie - B oroB H hjih apxeTHnoBH - K oje c e yBeK hc n o jb a B a jy y HameM noHamaH>y, craJiOBHMa C B ecra, ocehaibH M a, npeflCTaBaMa hjih CTaBOBHMa. C T o ra , CBaKa apxeTH ncK a M oryhH ocT n c n x e - yKJbynyjyhH OHe K oje flaH ac Ha3HBaMO ncHxonaTOJiomKHM - Moace

70

fla cJieflH cboj npnHi^Hn HHflHBHflyaiprje yHyTap c b o t ocoSeH or SoacaHCKor MOfleJia" (Hillman, J. 1971, CTp. 201.). HcroBpeMeHo, obo 3HaMH fla HeMa Sojber, ycneHiHHjer hjih Haflpei)eHor Mo^ejia. IloJiHTeHCTHHKa ncHxojiornja o6aBe3yje cBecT a KpyacH H3Mel)y n o Jta cHJia... Y obom KpyaceH>y H3rjiefla a HeMa n p e T n o craB jb eH e no3Hii,Hje, noy3flaHHX TBpflitH n iT a j e n o -

BOflH cMaH>HBaH>y pacTojaH>a H3Mel)y ,,M or BH^eita h o6jeKTa BH^eita. Je p caa rJieflaM hcthm OHHMa ko jHMa rjie ^ a E o r .
H an o c jieT K y , HMarHHaJiHH noJiHTeH3aM n o ja -

uiH>aBa n p o H cx o fle 6 h jio K o r ncHXOJiouiKor MOHOTeH3Ma ( a h c t o B a*H 3a CBaKy flp y ry HayKy). M o h o TeH3aM y ncH xojiorH jH 03H anaB a MOHH3aM h n o T p e 6 y fla ce HacHJiHHM nyTeM m h o u itb o h c h x o jio u ik h x 4>eHOMeHa noTHHHH 3aKOHHMa yHH4>HKyjyher MOflejia (K o jn x oneT HMa M H oro). n o u iT O je p e n o xepojcKOM noTXBaTy, 6 o p 6 a , cyneJi>aBaH>e, cyK o6 h H anocjieTK y noTHHH>aBaH>e (noTHCKHBaH>e) npeflcTaBji>ajy cyuiTHHCKe oflJiHKe H3rpat)HBaH>a HeKe MOHOTencTHHKe n cH xojiorH je. A jih K ao i h t o H C T o p n ja p e J i H r n je h 4>hJioco4>uje noK a3yjy, flyaJiH3aM H acTaje Kao neflo mo HH3Ma, uiTaBHiuei, ynpaBO y m o h o tc h c th h k h m 4>aHTa3HjaMa H a jja n e cy H 3 p a * e H a fl;yaJiHCTHHKa cT peM JteH>a. CeTHMo c e Hfleja Aji4>Pe Aa A jjJie p a , aHTHTeTHHKo MHUiJi>eH>e je np0H3B0fl HeypoTCKor yMa K ojn ce p y KOBOflH BOJbOM 3a MohH H M3CKyjIHHHM npOTeCTOM (A d ler, A . 1917.). C y K o 6 n pa3HHX ncHXOJioiuKHX m oHOTeH33Ma pe3tyjiTHpajy y6njaH>eM ncHxojiouiKHX 4>eHOMeHa. y k o jI h k o cy o c h o b h h npHHUHnn n c n x o JIOUIKOr JKHBOTa pa3JiyHHBaH>e H MHOUITBeHOCT, OHfla h h jeflHa nojeflHHaHHa nepcneK TH Ba He Moace fla o 6 y XBaTH ueJiOBHTOCT ncHXOJiouiKor 5KHBOTa. H a c y n p o T MOHOTeH3My, nojiHTencTHHKa n cH x o Jio rn ja ( h j i h apxeTH nojiouiK H nepcneKTHBH3aM) uoHHBa Ha npeMHCH fla nOCTojn MHOUITBO BaJbaH H X CTaHOBHHJTa o 6 h j i o kom ncHXHHKOM 4>eHOMeHy, h fla CBaKO C T aHOBHUiTe n o c e fly je o c o 6 eH y apxeTH ncK y 0CH0By. C t o r a aKO n c H x o j i o r H j a HCKpeHO j k c j i h fla npeflCTaBH cTBapHy pa3H0JiHK0CT flyuie, oHfla He cMe 6e3 HKaKBHx flOKa3a, a y3 noM oh MOHOTeHCTHHKHx n p e flp a c y fla , ycT p a ja B a T H H a jeflHHCTBy j i h h h o c t h . Hfleja jeflH H C T B a je , yocTaJioM , caM o je f lH a y MHOuiTBy apxeTHncKHX nepcneK TH B a (Hillman, J. 1975, C T p. 117.). H n je M a jiH 6 p o j o h h x K ojn y 3 a r o B a p a n > y je f lH e
n o jiH T e H C T H H K e n c H x o j i o r n j e n p e n o 3 H a jy n o 3 HBaH>e

3 h th b h o a uiTa HeraTHBHo, h cTora HeMa noTpe6e fla ce HeKa 36nBaH>a ncKJfcyne Kao naTOJiouiKa" (Hillman, J. 1971, cTp. 198.). X h jim 3 h yHCTHHy He nopnne Hflejy ij c j i o b h t o c t h , ajiH jo j n P HCTyna H3 nepcneK TH B e HM arHHajiHor noJiHTeH3Ma (Winquist, 1989, cTp. 203.). 3 a H>era i^eJIOBHTOCT 3HaHH: ,,C6e - CBH 4)eHOMeHH K ao cjDeHOMBHH
- CTBapH K oje ce noK a3 y jy n o c e 6 n , Te n cH x o jio uiK a i^eJioBHTOCT yK a3yje Ha ,,o h o uiT a h c k o je c T e , i h t o Taj je c T e y MHorocTpyKHM oflHocHMa (Hillman, J. y kh>h3h M iller, D. 1981, CTp. 115-116.). nojiHTeHCTHHKy nepcneK TH B y u;ejioBHTocTH Ha cBoj HaHHH HCKa3yje Pacj)aeji JIonec-FIeflpaca: m h o ih tb o c a d p M u u;ejiHHy je flH o r n e z y 6 e h u M0ryhH0CTH MHoniTBa (Lopez-Pedraza, R. 1971, cTp. 214.). Ca CBoje CTpaHe, 4>hjioco4> EjB eH c nojaiHH>aBa u ie p a u e y m c K y BpejjHOCT nojiH TeHCTHHKOr CXBaTaH>a UejIOBHTOCTH: ,,M h HHCMO jeflHO H e ro m h o h itb o , a y n p K o c TOMe, y h c t o BpeM e m h cm o n0T eH i;njajiH 0 - jeflH o (ije jm ) y cb 3 k o m TpeHy KpyxeH >a. JeflH ocT y to m CMHCJiy He HCKjtyHyje m h o h itb c h o c t B eh j e 3axTeBa. J a caM yncTHHy o h o i h t o jecaM K a^a jecaM c e e , ajiH - h o b o j e c ^ ih t h h c k o oflpei)eH>e y CBoje BpeMe. Ja caM (no T em jH jajiH o ) ce e y c e o je epeM e (Avens, R. 1984, CTp. 121.). EjBaHCOBe peHH M ory HMaTH HcijeJiHTeji>cKO flejctbo n o 5 hjio K ojy ncHXOTepannjy je p HCTHHy T pn BajKHe cTBapn. EtpBO, o M o ry h aB ajy TepaneyTy fla car ji e ^ a K ojn B o r (ap x eT H n ) BJiafla n a ijn j chtobom ajiH h H>er0B0M CBem hy y flaTOM TpeHyTKy. I I otom , p e n u ,,Ja caM CBe yK a3yjy fla cb3 kh (6 hjio Kojn) B o r OTejioB Jty je peajiHOCT; h T p e h e , OTKpHBaite EoroB a (a p x e -

THnoBa) y HauieM ueji0KynH0M

hchxhhkom

flejiaH>y

72

H a p e jia u iu e u 3 c iM h p e jia T H B H 3 a u a jy c y 6 je K T a . I l p e h e 6 h t h , fla j e n o c p e f l n o c o 6 e H H b h a ,,u e p c u e K u iu & u 3 M a \ K o jn j e cB o jcT B eH h a p x e T H n c K o j n c H x o J io r M jn h n o cT M O flep H H . rie p c n e K T H B H 3 a M h 3 b o a h m o H3 o f l p e t)eH >a f l y m e h n p e flC T a B e y o B o j n c H x o j i o r H j a ( f ly m a j e n o r j i e f l H a C T B ap n , n e p c n e K T H B a ; n p e flC T a B a j e o h o m T o c e caMO n o c e 6 n n o K a 3 y je ) , T e p o r o 6 a T H H H 3 p a 3 H H je H H m T a flP y r o flo Ha3HB 3 a e n n c T e M O J io r H jy K o jy n p e flC T a B Jta M O M e T a (|)o p o M e u f)e t-b a . IIo jiH T eH C T H H K a n c H X O J io rn ja c M a T p a fla CBaK a n e p c n e K T H B a (c b 3 k h B o r ) HM a n o flje flH a K a n p a B a fla T paacn enn cT eM H H K H a y T o p H T e T , T j., h c th h v . C f l p y r e c T p a H e , t o H e 3 H a im fla C BaK a n e p c n e K T H B a 3 a x T e B a u c i l i u a y T o p H T e T . I I c h xojiom K H o B a T a H a H a pa3JiHKa je o fl 3 H a n a ja j e p H aroB e m T a B a BaafCHOCT K0HTeKCTyajiH0r h a<j)eK TH B H or a c n e K T a CBaKe n e p c n e K T H B e . H c t o T aK O , H M arH H ajiH H n e p c n e K T H B H 3 a M HHje eK JieK T H ijH 3aM , j e p O Baj noTOHiH n o flp a 3 y M e B a H 3flBajaH >e jeflH e n e p c n e K T H B e H3 MHOmTBa, K o jo j c e HflOJIOnOKJIOHHHKH npHKJTaHba, H 3 6 e raB a jy h n c y H ejb aB aH > e c a flp y rH M CHCTeMHMa n p e flC T a B J ta ife a h jih MHmjbeH>a. C y n p 0 T H 0 eKJieKTHu,H3My. n e p c n e K T H B H 3 a M 3 a r o B a p a c y H ejb aB aH > e h TaKM HHeH>e pa3JiHH HTH X n o r j i e f l a . A p y rH M p e H H M a , cBaKa nepcneK TH Ba jecT e ,,BajiHflHa , a n n H e y h c t o BpeM e 3 a CBaKor n p o M a T p a n a . CBpcHCX0flH0CT h jih ,,peajiH ocT HeKe nepcneK TH B e 3 a B H c n h e o fl k o h t c k c T a y KOMe c e O Ha ja B J b a .

cjiy*H Kao 0CH0Ba npencnHTHBaH>a h npo6HTaHHHx pa3yMeBaH>a 6a3HHHHX nojMOBa JyHroBe ncHxoJiorHje (npeflCTaBa, apxeTHn, npHM. B. B. n .) , Koje y3Ht)yjy y T e M e jb e cBoje T e o p n j e h npaKce. 3 a XHJiMaHa, xepMeHeyTHKa je MeTOfl n p o y n a B a ib a flym e: ,,JJ,a 6 hcmo npovnaBajiH flym y, MopaMO hH h fly6oK o a Kafla HfleMO y fly6HHy flym a 6nB a yKJbyneHa. Jloroc flym e, i i c u x o j i o u j a , noflpa3yM eB a h h h nyTOBaiba Kpo3 JiaBHpHHT flym e y KOMe m i K a d a u e M O M eM O u h u d o e o / b H o d y 6 o K o . . . MeTa<|)oP e 3a Koje BepyjeMo fla cmo H3a6pajiH y onHCHBaH>y apxeTHncKHX npoi^eca h Hfleja... cy HHxepeHTHH fleo caMHX t h x n p o ije c a h Hfleja. To je Kao fla a P xeTHncKH MaTePnjaji caM o fla 6 n P a CBoje BJiacTHTe flecKP HnTHBHe H3P a 3 e Kao jeflaH Ofl acneKaTa concT B eH or caMOH3PaacaBaH>a... n o c T o jn jeflaH apxeTHncKH cejieKTHBHH HHHHJiau, k o j'h j e yKJbyneH y cMHmjbaH>y H 3 p a 3 a . Ha30BHM 0 t o a p x e THnCKOM CeMaHTHKOM HJIH <f)OHeTHKOM Ha Kojoj je 3acHOBaHa apxeTH ncK a xepM eH eyraK a. (M)3Bot)eH>e... 3H an eH > a H3 je 3 H K a ... HaroBemTaBa fla je 3Haiie ib e B e h TaMo (Hillmsan, J. 1979, CTp. 25.).
ApxeTHHjcKa xepMeHeyTHKa hjih HM arHHajraa peflyKUHja (Hillman, J. 1978.) 3acHOBaHa je Ha MeTa<|)opH fly6HHe h ycMepaBaH>y; Kao fla je p e n o HeKoj yHyTP amH>oj Hy>KHOcra, 6ecKOHaiiHOM noHHP aH>y,

Koje ce (caMO noBPeMeHo) nPeKHfla Pa3yMeBaH>eM fla

6. ApxeTnncKa xepMeHeyTHKa
T p y 6 o peneH O , MeTOfl KojHM c e c jiy a c e apxeT H nc k h ncHX0Ji03H j e xepM eH eyiuuH K u h , y rjiaB H O M , H3 T e nepcneK TH B e H 3B H py h>hxobc KpHTHKe n c H x o jio r H j e h ncHXOTepanHje. HcTOBpeMeHO, xepM eHeyTHKa7 hm
7 I l o p e f l H 3pa3a apxeT H ncK a x e P MeHeyTHKa y flejiHMa a p x e T H n o J io ra c p e h y ce Ha3HBH k o jh c e M ory n o flBecTH nofl H>era, t o cy: HMarHHaJiHa P eflyKflHja, HM arHHajiHa MeTOfla, n p o H H fla ite , aMnjincJjHKaflHja, ncHXOji0rH30BaH>e, enncTpocjDHMHH MeTOfl h jih ricorsi (n p e o K p e T a a e , n o B p a h a j); npHM. B . B . I I .

je y o c h o b h cB era flym a. O b o 3H3HH fla mh HHKafla He M 0*eM 0 n P eBa3H hn cy6jeKTHBHe n P eMHce n c n x e h , HCT0BP eM eH0, fla c e cBe H a r n e ca3HaH>e cymTHHCKH CBOflH Ha HafljbyflCKe ( a P xeTHncKe) HHHHOije Kojn o6H TaBajy y HaniHM norjieflH M a, cxBaTaibHMa h HflejaM a. C jih h h o x e P MeHeyTCKoj cf)eH0 MeH0Ji0rHjH Xajfle re P a (Heidegger, H. 1975.) h TaflaMePa (Gademer, H. G. 1976. h 1982.) Koja M O *e 6 h t h cxB aheH a Kao n o K ym aj npeHcnHTHBaH>a h T yM aneiba caMe c e 6 e , TaKO fly m a y a P x e ra n c K o j ncHxojiorHjH jecTe M aibe o6jeKT ca3HaH>a Hero m T o je HaHHH ca3HaBaH>a o6jeK T a, Hah h h ca3HaBaH>a caM or ca3HaH>a. (Hillman, J. 1975,

74

75

CTp. 131)8. ,,M h cmo yBeK y oboj' h jih oH oj apxeTH ncK oj KOHtJ)HrypaB(HjH, yKJbyMyjyhH <J>aHTa3Hjy fly in e h (J)aHTa3Hjy Ayxa. (Hillman, J. 1979, CTp. 118.)

th iio jio 3 h

3aMeu>yjy n H T a ib e M ,,Ko c a 3 H a je ? I 1 c h x o jiomKO npeo6pahaH>e KaKo h ,,IIlTa y ,,Ko b o jj h

cxBaTaH>y jja cy BoroBH (apxeTHnoBH) y HauiHM Hjje-

Cx0flH0 3JiaTHOM npaBHJiy apxeT H ncK e ncnxoJiornje ,,U,pxH ce npeflCTaBe (Jung, C. G. CW 16), XHJiMaH CMaTpa a a CBe ca3HaH>e Mopa 6 h t h HcnHTaHO
nocpeflCTBOM apxeTHncKHX npeM H ca (n p e ^ c T aB a), oflHocHo jja je cBpcHcxoflHO npoM aTpaTH CBaKH o 6 jih k ca3HaH.a Kao H 3pa3e Hfleja Koje HMajy ncHXHMKe npeMHce y apxeTHnoBHMa. THMe o h H aroB eiiiTaB a HHiirra MaH>e H e ro je ^ H o apxeTHncKO eu u ciu eM e, apxeTH ncK y T e o p n jy ca3HaH>a (Hillman, J. 1975, cTp. 133.). A p x e THncKO 87tiCTxfip.r| (en n cT eM e, r p .) npeflcT aB Jba ncHXojiouiK y MeTa4)opy K oja He h c x o h y ncnxojiorH 3M y. PejiaTHBH3yjyhn pa3yM h CBecT, apxeT H nojio3H H36eraBajy ncHxoJiorH3ai^Hjy - n p e o 6 p a h e ib a cB era y n c n x o Jio rn jy , y ycKOM xyMaHHCTHHKOM 3Haiieiby - aJiH H3pHMHTO H a rjia m a B a jy T paH cnepcoH ajiH H HaflJiHHHH K apaK Tep apxeT H noB a. Ilp e M a peMHMa a p x e T H n o jio ra JJejBH^a Mnjiepa, apxeTHnoBH HHcy ,,c y 6 je K T H B H e j j h MeH3Hje MOBenaHCTBa npojeKTOBaHe Hanojbe Ha m h tCKa HMeHa h npHMe Beh ,,B oroB H , Tj., c b c to b h 6H BCTBO BaH >a h 3HaneH>a y M eM y moj jih h h h > k h b o t y*iecTByje (Miller, D. 1981, cTp. 56.). Y npaB O o b o o6pTaH>e, H3BpTaH>e (tb h ct, eH r.), oahocho, fleKOHCTpyKu;Hja j i h h h o c t h h nepcoHajiHHX HAeja y m h tc k c JiHKOBe h npH noBecTH npejjcT aB Jba HHTepnpeTaTHBHH 3aOKpeT KOjH HMa HeflBOCMHCJieHO xepMeHeyTHHKH K apaK Tep. A pxeT H ncK o n p e o K p e T a ib e hjih HMarHHajiHa p e -

jaM a. JJaKJie, apxeTHncKO npeoK peT aibe HMa k b k o

O H T O Jio m K e T a K o h e n n c T e M O J io m K e H M nJiH K ai^nje -

n p ejjcraB e

4)aH T a3H ie

(B oroB H )

cy,

nojjjejjHaKO,

OCHOBHIje Ha KojHMa IIOHHBa JbyflCKO 6HBCTBOBaH>e aJiH h H3Bop CBaKor ca3HaBaH>a. C a enncT eM O Jiom K or cTaHOBHmTa, npeflCTaBe <J)aHTa3Hje cy jejjHHa p e a jih o c t K ojy HenocpeflHO ca3HajeM o: CBe m T o 3H3MO n o cpe^oBaH O je npe^cT aB aM a 3 y m e . O H e cy H3BopHe HHH>eHHi^e H a m e r J b V jjc K o r f l o a c H B j b a B a i b a h pa3yM eBaH>a h H a 0CH0By t h x H y M im a m h rpajjHMO H am c b c t , H am y peajiHOCT. H j i h n o XnjiMaHOBHM peHHMa: ,,Ha H3BOpy j e npeflCTaBa: npBO HMarHHai^nja, noTOM n e p i^eni^Hja, n pB o 4iaHTa3Hja, noTOM peajiHOCT (1975, cTp. 23.). A n o m T o cy yHyTap npeflCTaBa 4>aHTa3Hja apxeTHncKH j i h k o b h H3 m h t o b 3 , OHfla cy Met)y0AH0CH EoroB a CTpyKTypajiHH npHHiinnH ncnxHHKor a a i B O T a . O ro ra noBe3HBan>e nojeflHHHeBor n c H x o jio m K o r x h BOTa c a H>erOBHM HaflJIHHHHM 6o*aHCKHM H3BOpHM3 (apxeTHnoBHM $) jec T e xepMeHeyTHHKH 3 a x B a T , ajiH 3axBaT K o jn ripeB acxo^H o HMa iuepauujcKy BpejjHocT. XepM eHeyTHKa noMaace HOBeKy jja noBpaTH H3ry6JbeHy n ym y.

AVKLjHja - B pahan>e Ha MHTCKe jihkobc h o 6 p a c ije ncH xe - HMa jo m jeflHO 3HaneH>e. E nncTeM O Jiom K a nHTaiba KaKO 3HaMo hjih IIlTa j e 3HaH>e? a p x e x H o XmiMaH He 6h 6ho nocjiejjaH ce6n Kajja He 6h Hoflao h cjie^ehe - caMa Ayma je npeflCTaBa 4>aHTa3Hje (HHMe cBaKaKO rpann pajpiKajiHH, Tj., HMarHHajiHH pejiaTHBH33M, ajiH H36eraBa ncHxojiorH3aimjy; npHM. B. B. n.

O ho mTO je HaroBemTeHO y j^ejiHMa <t>pojAa h JyHra pa3BHjeHO je flo K pajH>Hx rp a H H i^ a - xepMeHeyTHKa je MeTOfl pa3yMeBaH>a h onncHBaiba cKJiona h AHHaMHKe ncHxo(naTo)jiorHje HOBeKOBa acHBOTa. Jby6aBHe a4>epe, crpacTH, naT0Ji0mK0 noHamaibe, TejiecHe 6ojiecTH h chmhtomh, k o fh h th b h h npoi^ecn, TepannjcKH oflHoc, chobh, cBe t o h MHoro flpyrnx ca^pacaja, K o jn ce oTeJioBJbyjy y noHamaH>y, Moace 6 h th cxBaheHo Kao m htck3 Hapaijnja 6peMeHHTa cmhcjiom. XepMeHeyTHKa oTnoHHH>e mhtom h m htckhm JiHKOBHMa a He nojejjHHijeM cxBaheHHM K a o cjiynaj, Te pa3yMeBaH>e h H H TepnpeTaijH ja yeeK Hjjy ojj BHmer Ka HHaceM, ofl T p aH cn ep co H ajiH o r Ka nepcoHaJiHOM, ofl (J)aHTa3Hje Ka noHamaH.y. H o MHTCKa Hapaijnja, Kojy

76

n0K ym aB aM 0 pa3yMeTH h TyMaMHTH, HHje ncKJbynnBO cBojcTBo n a u n je H T a B eh h H a m e r n p n n o B eflaH .a o h>hMa, HaniHX HCTOpnja cJiyMaja (o H>HMa), ncHX0Ji0iHKHX H ajia 3a h M H m jteH .a h c jih h h o i\ IIpeM H ca a j e B o r (E o ro B H ) y 3 a jie ^ y H apai^nje, 3HanH fla j e E o r n p n cyTaH h y o6jiHKOBaH.y p e n n , cHHTaKcn, cTHJiy, kh>haceBHOM p o n y , naK 3anjieT y. JJpyrnM peHHMa, HaHHH Ha K ojn H 3Jia*eM o npnnoB ecT H o 0H0M e n r r a c e flem a B a je c T e acaH p Kpo3 K ojn 36HBaH>a n p e p a c T a jy y floJKHBJtaBaH>a. A nom TO je p e T o p m c a BemTHHa y 6 e ^HBaH>a, o H fla peTopHKa a p x e r a n o B a je c T e HaHHH Ha K ojn Hac c b b k h E o r y 6 e t)y je fla n 0 B ep y jeM 0 y m h t, Tj., y 3anneT H am nx ncTopnja cjiyMaja... fta 6 h cm o o tKpHJiH E o ro B e y ncHXOJiorHjH, npBO MopaMO HCTpaj k h t h acaHpoBe KojHMa cy H cnncaH e Hame HCTopnje c jiy L iajeB a (Hillman, J. 1983, CTp. 23 24.). A p x e r a n o jio r Ila T p H m a E e p H , ca cBoje CTpaHe, CMejio h opnrHHaJiHO flonyH>yje XnjiMaHOBe p e n n 3aKJfcyHKOM: HaHHH Ha K ojn npnnoBeflaM O Hame n p n n e j e HaHHH Ha K ojn o6jiHKyjeM o Hamy T ep an H jy (Berry, P. 1982, cTp. 56.). A pxeT H ncK o npeo6pahaH>e cxBaheHo K ao x e p MeHeyraHKH MeTOfl, KojH HMa 3a u,HJb Bpahan>e bhiiihm npHHi^nnHMa 3 apafl pa3yMeBan>a h flaBaiba oKBHpa hhxhm , Moace 6h th nojam H>eHo peHHMa Eflrapa BHHfla,

noC TynaK a Kojn yBeK BOfle o d (J)eHOMeHa K ojn n p o jrnaBaMO, p a 3 Jia x y h H ra Ha a o c jio b h o peflyKTHBHa o6jamH>eH>a, apxerancKH MeTOfl ce ycpeflH m T yje Ha caM (JjeHOMeH h H>er0B0 M ciHucpecumo 3HaneH>e. T b o pai^ MeTOfle o6jauiH>aBa H>eHy cymTHHy: ... HHTepHpeTai^Hja M opa fla ce y3flpacn y n o T p e 6 e 6 h jio Kojnx CtaHOBHmTa o ch m o h h x Kojn cy MaHH(f>ecTHO flara y caMOM caflpacajy. Y k o jih k o HeKo can>a JiaBa, HcnpaBn o TyManeH>e jeflHHo Moace fla Hfle y npaBu;y JiaBa; flpyrHM peHHMa, cymTHHa j e fla ce Ta npeflCTaBa aM um i(puK yje. CBe o cT ajio 6 h npeflCTaBibaJio Heo flro B a p a jy h e h HeTaHHo TyManeH>e, c o63H poM fla je n p e flc ra B a jiaB npHJiHHHO OHHrjieflHa h flOBOJbHO no3HTHBHa npe3eH Tai^H ja (Jung, C. G. CW 17).

BejiHKor 3Hajma peHecaHCHe HMarHHau;Hje: MeTOfl Kojn je noflecaH 3a Mano fleno ajiH He h 3a BejiHKO, oHHrjieflHo oraoHHH>e ca norpeuiHor Kpaja... CBaKHflamH>e MO*e 6h th cxBaheHO Kao cBol)eH>e H3y3eraor, ajiH H3y3eTHO He Moace 6h th cxBaheHo nojanaBaibeM cBaKHflamiber. nofljeflHaKO jioitihkh h y3p0HH0, npecyflHO je H3y3erao jep oho yBOflH... o6yxBaraHjy KaTeropHjy (Wind, E. 1967, crp. 238). AMnjiHcJjHKai^Hja, MeTOfl n p e y 3 e T ofl JyHra, jo m
jacH H je oijpT aB a xepM eH eyraH K H npHCTyn a p x e r a n o Jiornje p33hojihkhm (J)eHOMeHHMa - KaKO ohhm3 K oje cpeheM O y HauiHM opflH H aipijaM a TaKo h ohhm3 K ojn npeflCTaBJbajy caflp acaje M opajia, yM eT H ocra, K yjiType hjih p e jin rH je . 3 a pa3JiHKy ofl ncHXoaHajiHTHHKHX

AMnjiH4>HKai^Hja HajiHKyje XycepjioBoj MeToflH cjio6oflHHx HMarHHaTHBHHX Bapnjai^Hja; o6e KopncTe HMarHHajiHe BapnjaijHje y noKymajy fla nocTaBe npn6JiH>KHe cnojbamibe rpaHHu;e cymTHHCKor jHaneiba (JjeHOMeHa, y ocBeTJbaBaH>y KOHTeKCTa y KOMe ce cj)eHOMeH noMajba, h y 6ecKpajHOM cnnpajiHOM npn6jiH>KaBaH>y CMHcaoHoj cpacn (J)eHOMeHa Koja yBeK y3MHHe h ocTaje HeoTKpHBeHa. nomTO M e T a c } )o p e Koje OTKpHBajy 4>eH0MeH, hcth yBeK ocTaBJbajy CKpHBehhm, Jym 3aKJbynyje: ... cBaKo TyManeH>e HyacHo ocTaje jeflHO Kao fla... H3BopHo je3rpo 3HaneH>a moace 6h th 3a0KpyaceH0 ajiH He h onncaHo" (Jung, C. G. CW 9 1).
3 a pa3JiHKy ofl X ycepjioB H x HMarHHajiHHX Bap H ja n n ja , K oje HcnHTyjy (J>eHOMeHe c B e c ra , aMnjiH(J)HKai^Hje Hfly ,,fly6jbe , y HecBecHo. H3pa3H nonyT ,,e M n a ra je , ,,eH eprH je , ,,ac})eKTa , ,,acejbe , ,,nyjic n je , ,,TpaHC(J)epa , ,,KOH(J)JiHKTa , c jiy n a ja HHcy HeyTpajiHH B eh n o c efly jy MHomTBo npejiH B a h HHjaHc h , a H>HxoBa n p n p o fla je napaflOKcajiHa h BHHieCMHCJieHa. n o m T o CBecT HHjejeflHHa K oja o flp ei)y je H>HXOBy BpeflHOCT, npH6jiHacaBaH>e h oTKpHBaibe h>hxoB a CMHCJia He Moace 6 h t h flaTO yH yTap OKBHpa pau,HOHajiHe CBecTH. O h h cy yTK3HH y HecBecHe moflejie, n p n HeMy h x OBaj HHHHJian, a He CBecT, n p eT B ap a

78

y >KHBy peajiHOCT K oja npKOCH npoTO K y B p e M e H a , yTH-

Mory Hahn caMHHHTejbH CKJiona Ayuie. JJ,aKJie, yhn y

CKyje h x y eraM K a pa3 M aT p aib a, H cropH jcK e h co u,HojioniKe n o r jie ^ e h jih ncH xoJioniK e KBaJiHTeTe. AMnjiH(J)HKauHjaMa m h h x 3aoK pyjK yjeM o c a M H o rm cT paH a, npn MeMy je h>hxobo pa30TKpHBaH>e n o fljep HaKO 3aCHOB3HO Ha CBeCHOM H HeCBeCHOM. C yiU T H H cKa peajiH o cT HaBefleHHX n o jM O B a c a r J ie f l a B a ce K ao ncH xojio u iK a peajiH ocT . rip e M a XnjiMaHOBOM cxBaTaity HenojMJbHBO je HeKOM ncHX0Ji0iiiK0M n p o 6 jie M y n p n h n n o M o h y MeTOfla K oje o fl6 a q y jy p eajiH o cT n c n x e h nopHHy H>eHy y jio ry y pa3 B o jy h yo6jiHHaBaH>y eK cnjiaH aTopH H x x n n o T e 3 a . HeKo o6jaiHH>eH>e 6 n h e npHXBaTJbHBO aK o j e ncH xa HjracaH h floBOJtaH ycJioB eK cnnaH ai^Hje. 3 a H>era je aM njiH^HKauiHja, uiTaBH m e, m c to a K ojn n p e M O iuhyje ja 3 H3M e^y y3ajaM Ho HCKJbynyjyhHX Hayh h h x h (J)eHOMeHojiouiKHX MeTOfla. y nofljeflHaKoj M epn yK jbynyje HCKa3e o MHH>eHHu;aMa h HCKa3e o cyuiTHHH. E M nnpH jcK a j e h H aynH a, j e p je oTBopeHa 3a cBe B p c re ji;oKa3a, t o h e p e h n , o6jeKTHBHa j e n o u iT o He orpaH H H aBa 3HaqeH>e Ha CHCTeM npHBaTHHX y 6 e tjeHba, K oje Hynn Ma K oja uiKOJia M H iujbeiba. C a flpyre cTpaH e, 4)eH0M eH0ji0UiKa je je p fl03B0jbaBa fla ce (JaeHOMeH KojHM c e 6aBH H cnojbH OHaKO KaKO ce o h HHane Aaje. ,,(A)MnjiH(J)HKau;Hja carjieflaBa (J)eHOMeH c a M H oro cT paH a, h c n p e n a B a H3rpagH>y oflejbaK a H3Met)y HHTejieKTa h A p y rn x acn eK aT a n c n x e , H3Mei)y JiorHKe h ncHXOJiorHje, j e p 6 h t o pa3flBojHJio paijH oHajiHo HCTpaaoiBaHbe... ofl jKHBOTa n cH x o jiom K e p e a jiH O c ra (Hillman, J. 1997, cTp. 16.)

m ht nojjpa3yM eB a cxBaTan>e H e n n je r KOHKperaor n o c T o ja ib a K ao M eTa(J)ope, Kao mhtcko o jjH rp aB aib e.

MHTCKe M eTa(J)ope cy HcnpaBaH HaMHH p a 3 ro B o p a o apxeTHnoBHM a je p n o n y T BoroBa, o h h He MHpyjy. IIonyT BoroBa o h h He M ory 6 h t h Ae4>HHHcaHH H3y3eB Kpo3 h nocpeflCTBOM y M e iu a H o c ra jeflHHx y flp y re

(Hillman, J. 1975, CTp. 157.). To (^eHOMeHOJiouiKH

'3HaHH fla h h jeflaH apxeT H n He Moace nocT ojaT H 6 e s HeKor flpyror, ca KojHM je y OBaKBOM h jih 0HaKB0M * oflHocy. H jih , K ao i u t o XnjiMaH Kaxe: ... BoroBH cy oflHocH h yBeK noflpa3yM eB ajy jeflHH flp y re (1975,

CTp. 158.). H o aKO je tb k o , mosk&mo 3aKJbyHHTH fla m h to b h n p y cajy M H orocTpyKocT 3HaneH>a HHxepeHTHHX y H3UIHM aCHBOTHMa, IUTO BOflH pa3HOJIHKHM,
onpeHHHM TyManeH>HMa K oja He noT H py jeflH a flp y re . T epaneyT C K a BpeflHOCT a p x e ra n o J io u iK o r x e p MeHeyTHiiK o r CTaBa o rjie fla ce y HarjiaiuaBaH>y BHiueCMHCJieHOCTH 3HaMeH>a H MHOrOCTpyKOCTH BoroBa (apxeT H noB a) K ojn cy fle jia ra H y cBaKOM 36HBaH>y h CBaKOM TpeHyTKy nau,HjeHT0B0r cuiu h T e p a n e y T 0 B 0 r XHBOTa. ,,y h n y m h t He 3HaiiH y h n y jeflaH m h t, B eh MHTCKH pa3yM$BaTH H TyM3MHTH 36HBaH>a y K oja CM O yKJbyqeHH. y rrporaBHOM ce xepMeHeyTHHKH K p y r H3Met)y Hac h nai^njeH Ta p a 3 6 n ja , o h to jio u ik h n o cT ajeMO pa3JiH liHTH - ja caM cy6jeK T, o h (o H a) o6jeK T KojH BHiue He ro B o p n 3a c e 6 e . ripHMepHU,e, aHajiHTHHapeBH yBHflH, pa3yMeBaH>a h e M n a ra ja , h c flp y re CTpaHe, nai^HjeHTOBH c h m u to m h , paibeH ocT , naTOJiornja y nofljeflHaKoj MepH oT ejioB Jbyjy a p x e r a n Pafbenoz uci^enumejba. H o p a c ije n ap x eT H n a (Guggenbtthl-Craig, 1971.) Hanojia, BOflH TOMe fla je cBa 6oJiecT y naijH jeH Ty a 3flpaBJbe y T e p an e y T y , H3 n e r a h c x o a h TpaHccj)ep h KOHTpaTpaHccJjep, 6ecKOHaliHO epoTCKo HaflMeTaH>e, H rp e MohH h jih cafl0Ma30XH3aM y TepannjcKOM oflHocy. AHaJiHTHHap je HCKJbyHHBO Hcu,eJiHTeJb, nau,HjeHT caMO paibeH H . CBaKaKo fla cy oflh o c h joui cjio*eHHjH yKojiHKo je BHiue a p x e r a n o B a HCTOBpeMeHO KOHCTeJIHCaHO y aHaJIHTHHKOM OflHOCy (BHflH KOfl Guggenbtthl-Craig, A . 1971.).

KjbynHa xnnoTe3a xepMeHeyTHHKe cJ)HJioco(f)Hje Aa je ,,TyMaHeH>e OTBopeH npouec Kojn ce He Moace cB ecra Ha noje^HHaHHO BH^en>e (Ricoeur, P. 1997, cTp. 3 3 .), nonpH M a o c o 6 h to 3HaneH>e y apxerancK oj ncHxojiornjH, yKOJiHKO Ha yMy hmbmo MeTa(J)opy no JiHTeH3Ma. A k o cy m htobh n p n n o B e c r a o oflHocHMa B oroBa h JbyflH, oHfla je HaMHH oTKpHBaiba BoroBa (a p x e r a n o B a ) y HauiHM KOHKperaHM JKHBOTHMa caflpacaH y yjiaxeH>y y MHTOBe, je p ce jeflHHo TaMo

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AHajiHTHHapeBO yjia*:eH>e y m h t hm b jo u i je jm o 3Ha,L ieH.e. MHTCKa nepcneK TH B a, K ao ocHOBa p a3 y MeBaifca h TyManeH>a, noflpa3yM eB a HahyuiTaH>e e r o nepcneK TH B e j e p j e OHa Hy*HO MOHOTeHCTHMKa, a THMe aHTH^eHOM eHajiHa h flocjioBHa y CBojHM HHTepnpeT arcnjaM a. Ilp e M a cJ)HJiococj3y T aflaM epy cBaKO p a 3yMeBaH>e noMHBa n a HMarHHaunjH, n r p n h ,,ry6HTKy c e 6 e (G ad am er, A . G . 1976.). Y k o jih k o H>eroBa p a 3MHUiJbaH>a w r a M o ncH xojiouiK H t o 3H3HH fla c e pa3yMeBaH>e 3acHHBa Ha HMarHHajiHHM B apH jaipijaM a, HHTepnpeTai^HjaM a K oje Hy*HO HMajy K apaK T ep K ao fla , c o63H poM a (JjeHOMeH K ojn ce oTKpHBa HCTOBpeMeHo o cT aje h cKpHBeH, h , H3H3A cB era, Ha HanyuiTaH>y MOHOTeHCTHHKe c b c c th " KojoM c e aH ajiHTHHapeBO J a c jiy * H . OflHocHo, fla 6 h xepM eH eyTHHKH K pyr 6 h o onyBaH , f ln ja jio r canyB aH , a p a 3yMeBaH>e 3an cT a 6 h jio pa3yMeBaH>e, aHajiHTHHap M opa jja c e o c jio h h Ha HMarHHajiHo J a (H illm an , J. 1978.)g. H M arnH ajiH o J a cxBaTa apxeT H noB e o 36hji>ho, ycpeflHUiTyje na*H >y Ha m h o u i t b c h o c t h>hxobhx H cnojbaB anba, HaHHHa 6HBCTBOBaH>a, a ofl6aij,yje moHOTeHCTHHKy B epy y npeB JiacT jeflH e iicH xojiouiK e floMHHaHTe. H a npH M efl6e fla j e yBot)eH>e xepM eHeyTCKnx n p o 6 jie M a y ncHXOJiornjy h ncH X O Teparm jy p a 6 o T a K oja BHUie 3aM arxbyje H e ro u i t o pacB eT jb y je, MeHTaJiHa aKpo6au,Hja K oja He BOflH pemaBaH>y npaKt h iih h x n p o 6 jie M a h jih oflBoi)eH>y n c H x o jio rn je H3 OKBHpa 0 3 6 n jb H 0 r HayHHor pa3M aT p aib a n p o 6 jie M a , o flro B o p h y npenycTH TH K . T. Jy H ry h H . XHJiMaHy. E b o uiT a npBH HMa fla K a x e : ,,C HeKHx CTpaHa flOJia3e o n T y x 6 e fla c e HOBHje ncHXOTepanHje npeB H ine 6aB e
y <&paHi;ycKH xepM eH eyTH H ap PH K ep Ha cBoj HaMHH ro B o p n o HanyniTaH>y ay T o p H T ap H o r e r o CTaBa y n p o u ,e c y pa3yMeBaH>a h TyManeH>a TeKCTa: K a o HHTajiafl, ja OTKpHBaM c e 6 e jeflH Ho r y 6 e h n c e 6 e . HHTaH>e Me yBOflH y HMarHHajiHe B apnjaflH je e r a . M eT aM 0pcJ)03a cBeTa Kpo3 H rp y je HCTOBpeMeHo B p a ro jia c T a M eTaM 0ptJ)03a e r a . (R ic o e u r, P. 1997, cTp. 8 8 .)

4>hjioco(J)ckhm npo6jieM H M a a HeflOBOjbHO nojeflHHOcTHMa H3 HCTopnja c jiy n a ja . O B e o n T yac6e M opajy 6 h t h 0flJiynH0 no6 n B eH e, je p c J ) h jio c o c J ) c k h npo6jieM H y HajBHiueM cTeneH y n p n n a fla jy 6 h jio kom eM nH pnjckom npoyHaBaH>y n c n x e , je p npH npeM ajy nojeflH H ije, y nofljeflHaKoj M epn, 3a HCTpa*HBaH>e h (|)HJiococJ)CKe ,lcpHTHKe. EM nHpnjcKH HHTejieKT, K ojn je oK ynnpaH nojeflHHaHHOCTHMa H3 HCTopnja c jiy n a ja , HexoTHMHo yHOCH <J)HJioco(J)CKe npeM H ce He caM o y pa3BpcTaBaH>e M aT epnjaJia B eh h y cyi)eH>e o H>eMy, naK H y OHeBHflHO c6jeKTHBHO H3Jiaran>e noflaT aK a (Jung, C. G. C W 10, CTp. 548.) Ca cB oje cTpaH e XHJiMaH floflaje: ,,Y k o jih k o cy apxeT H ncK e npeflCTaBe ocHOBe cJ)aHTa3Hje, oH e cy cpeflCTBO n o M o h y K o ra ce CBeT 3aM Hiujba, h CTora cy OHe HaHHHH noM ohy K ojnx CBe ca3HaH>e, CBe floacnBJbaBaH>e n o c T a je M o ry h e... apxeTH ncK a npeflCTaBa ce jaBJba y cBecTH K ao pyKOBOfleha cj)aHTa3Hja n o M o h y K oje CBecT M oace fla OTnoMHe. npH K ynjbaH >e noflaT aK a y MaH>oj MepH flOKa3yje o6jeKTHBHO n o c T o ja ib e a p x e THnoBa Hero u i t o flOKa3yje (J)aHTa3Hjy o6jeKTHBHHX u o flaT aK a (Hillman, J. 1981, CTp. 12-13.). j

7 . A H H M a M yHAH
O h o i h t o ofljiHKyje ,,no3Hor XHJiMaHa, h flaje n e n a T caBpeMeHHM CTpeMjbeibHMa y apxeTH ncK oj ncHXOJiornjH, H3Ji0>KeH0 je y H>eroBHM paflOBHMa HaCTajiHM ocaMfleceTHX roflHHa O B ora BeKa, ofl K ojnx ce n o 3H anajy H3flBajajy: , A nima Mundi: Bpahaibe Ayiue CBeTy (Hillman, J. 1982.) h HaTpar Ka 0 H0 CTpaH 0 M: O K0 CM 0 Ji0 rnjH (Hillman, J. 1989.). 3aoKpeT K ojn je HaHHHHO HMa 3a nocjieflH ijy ycBajaH>e h o b h x n o rjie fla Ha TeMe K a o u i t o cy: cxBaTan>e cy6jeKTHBHocTH h HHflHBHflyajiH3Ma; oflHocy T epannjcK H opnjeH TH caH e ncH x o jio rH je h MeTacJ)H3HKe; CTaBy npeM a cJ)eHOMeHOJiornjH; MOfleJiy HOBeKa; oflHocy HMarHHai^nje h onaacaiba; CTaHOBHUiTy o 3H anajy eK O Jiornje, m op a jia ... Ba*HO je HanoMeHyTH fla ,,H3BJiaHeH>e

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flpeB H or n jiaT 0 H0 BCK0 r nojM a f ly m a CBTalAnima Mundi He oflBOfln apxeTH ncK y n cH x o jio rH jy 03 n c n xojiomKHX noHMaH>a h TyManeH>a y KaKBa m hcthhh3 h 4>HJioco(J)cfea cneKyjiHcaH>a. CnoMeHyTH 3aoKpeT j e y cpacH ncH xojiom K H , h noHHBa Ha npeMHCH a ncHx o jio rH ja , yKOJiHKO n ofl THMe nofl,pa3yMeBaMO p afl ca
3 ym oM , HHje ,,ycKJiaflHmTeHa caM o y n o je flm m y , B eh

Aa npeflC TaB Jta cbojctbo n p n p o fle h KyjiType, Te c T o ra ncH x o jio rH ja M opa fla ce 6aBH npoyHaBaH>eM mnpHX, HaflHHflHBHflyaJiHHX c(J)epa. X njiM aH c e CTporo cynpoTCTaBJta CBoi)eH>y flym e Ha n ep co H ajiH y c y 6jeK th b h o c t, HM eHyjyhn nepcoH ajiH 3aM jeflHOM ofl KJbyhhhx 33MKH h npoH3BOflOM MOflepHor CBeTa. A y m a CBeTa HM3 OHTOJIOmKO npBeHCTBO Hafl HHflHBHflyaJIHOM nCHXOM, H3KO j e IIOTOH>a OHTOJIOIHKH cpoflH a npB oj. A y m a n o c e 6 n Hnje n ep co H ajiH a HaKO c e oT eJiOBJbyje h H cnojbaB a K po3 npeflCTaBe o c o 6 a , JiHHHa ocehaH>a, p a c n o jio a c e ib a , CTaBOBe, pe^uieKcnje h cjihhho. I I o 3HaTe JyH roB e peHH - esse in anima - 3H ane fla ncH xa HHj'e y HaMa, Beh CBaKO 03 Hac y H>oj, flaKJie
fly u ia je y nojeflHHHeBOM pafly, yxoBHHM h MaTepHjajiHHM np0H3B0flHMa H>eroBa p a fla , y Mei?yjbyflCKHM OflHocHMa, yMeTHOcTH, KyjiTypH, Hayu,H, >khbom h He2KHBOM CBeTy. <J>eHOMeHOJIOmKH 3aOKpeT, 3aCHOB3H Ha njiaT0H0BCK0j h peHecaHCHoj Hflej n animu mundi, y n y h y je Ha HHH.eHHu;y fla hobck He jkhbh y MaTepnjajiHOM Beh ncHX0Ji0mK0M CBeTy. A y m a HHje M oja n y m a , ynaypeHH c b c t y c e 6 e, y M oje rpyH hjih mo3aK, Hero CBeT y KOMe ncH xojiom K H >khbhm. H arjiamaBaibe e3uciueHnujajiHe upocuiopHociuu fly m e th n e ce flp y raH H jer cxBaTaH>a ncHXHHKe peajiHOCTH. CxBaTaH>e fla chbhmo y yflymeBJbeHOM, hchxhhkom CBeTy, a He y cTBapHOM, He BOflH y cojih h ch cth h k h HfleajiH3aM H e ro , no peHHMa K pncTH H e JlayHHHr, rjieflHuiTy fla: ,,Ja HeMaM n c n x y , B eh caM npHcyTHa y CBeTy Ha pa3HOJiHKe HaHHHe - 6yflHa, CHeBajyhn, M am T ajy h n - ajin yBeK Ha oco6eH JbyflCKH, mTO he p eh H , nCHXHHKH H3HHH... BHTH y CBeTy nCHXHHKH... HaBOflH Hac fla npnpoflHO r0B0pHM0 o h c h x h h k o m

U pocT opy, h caM oj ncHXH K ao n p o c T o p y (Downing, C. 1977, cTp. 92.). A k o caM CBeT HHje 6e>KHBOTHa Mat e p n j a h o oacHBJbeH, yflymeBJbeH (aHHMaTefl - eH r.) n p o c T o p OHfla h o h caM M o x e n o craT H naijnjeH T K ojn TpaacH H am y T ep an n jcK y n a a o b y h pafl. 3 a X njiM aH a T e p a n n ja ncHXHHKHX n p o 6 jie M a nojeflHHau,a 6 n h e H e fle jia ra a CBe a o k c e H am M ap h Hc^ejiHTejbCKa flejian>a He ycM epe Ha flym y CBeTa: H ajejiH T ejbC K a h jih cnacHTejbCKa BH3nja apxeT H nCKe ncHxojiornje ycpeflHmTyje ce Ha flymy y cBeTy

Koja je, flyma CBeTa lu n i m a m u n d i (Hillm an, J. 1981, cTp. 37.). H jih , Ha flpyroM MecTy: ,,Ykojihko n c H x o T e p a n n ja He y3Me y o63H p 6 o jie cT cBeTa, oH a HHKafla H ehe 6 h t h flejiaTHa, je p flaHac je 6o jiecH a a n im u m u n d i. naTOJiorHja je TaMO Hanojby (Hillman, J. 1983, CTp. 136.). H a n y m T a jy h n florM y h h a h b h flyajiH3Ma, K oja k p a c n flejia bpojfla h JyHra, h pa3BHjajyhH yneibe o A y m n cBeTa, XujiMaH ce ynCTHHy HaMepHO h Ha nocB e flpyraH H je cxBaTaH>e ,,yHyTpamH>ocTH . n p o T H B e h n ce CMeuiTaH>y n c n x e yHyTap jih h h o c th , Koja nocpeflCTBOM HHTpojeKi^nja h HHTepHaJiH3ai^Hj a nocTaje cacyfl y KOMe ce u c K J b y m i e o oflH ipaB ajy hchjchhkh npou;ecH , oh 3 a ro B a p a yneibe Koje noHHBa Ha npeTnocTaB ijH fla je flym a ,,u c u x i m K a p e a j i H o c i u y y H y u i p a i u w o c m u y H y iii a p c e e z a . (Hillman, J. 1987, CTp. 81.) CaM c b c t , h cBe o h o e i t o ra
H C T O B p e M e H O ,

HcnyH>aBa, 6peMeHHT je h c h x h h k h m > k h b o t o m , a HaHHH Ha KOJH HaM Ce 4>H3HOHOMHja CBeTa OTKpHBa je c T e HMarHHai;Hja. OeHOMeHH o>KHBjbaBajy h n p e H oce flym y Kpo3 H aiu e M aurreH e 4>aHTa3Hje o H>HMa.

Kafla HeMaMO HHKaKBHX cj3aHTa3Hja o cBeTy, OHfla je

o h o6jeKTHBaH, MpTaB... 4>aHTa3Hja HHje caM o jeflaH yHyTapH>H n p o ije c Kojn ce oflBHja y Mojoj rjiaBH. T o je

HaHHH 6HBCTBOBaH>a y cBeTy, h Bpahaibe flyuie cBeTy (Hillman, J. 1987, CTp. 81.). OBaj 3aoKpeT TpHBHjaJiH3yje ycBojeHO, O Bem Tajio cxBaTaH>e o pa3JiHU,H MaHH(J)ecTHor h JiaTeHTHor, K ojy yHHTaBaMO y acoijH jai^njaM a HauiHX n aip ije H aT a Ha K ayny h jih oflroBOpHMa n p e fl KaKBHM ,,HecTpyKTypHcaHHM flpaacHMa npojeKTHBHHX TeXHHK3.

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85

Y k o j i h k o cy6jeKTHBHH CBeT nojeflH H U ,a HHje o h t o j i o u i k h u p u M y c ,,o6jeKTHBHOM cBeTy, oHfla o c o 6 a h u e u p o j e K u l y j e cB oje caflp acaje Ha MpTBy M aT epnjy

H e ro o n a a c a n p e^cT aB e K oje My c e caM e Hyfle. ELchXHHKa peajiHOCT HHje HeuiTO ih t o c e oflBHja flajieKO o ^ Ty^HX n o r jie ^ a , yH yTap nojeflH H ua - ,,pe(J)JieKTHBH or-ero-onT H M K or-npoM aT paM a (Hillman, J. 1983. a., CTp. 131.) - IHTO aHaJIHTHMap HJIH KJIHHHMap M O *e fla ,,yjioBH y H,eroBHM npojeKi^HjaM a, H e ro o h o u i t o ce no K a3 y je y ,,(|)H3HOHOMCKQM K apaK T epy n p ejjcT aB a" h jih y ,,(J)eH0MeH0Ji0iiiK0M npeACTaBJtaH>y. ,,4>H3hoHOMHja CTBapH CMeniTa o c o 6 y y oflH oc c a ( to m ) CTBapn (Hillman, J. 1983. a., cTp. 134.). HaM ecTO fla 3HaMeH>e CTBapn h3bojj,hm o H3 H a rn e r ncKycTBa, caM e cTB apn, oaaiB JbeH e J],ymoM cBeTa, cB eflone o c e 6 n K p o 3 npen cT aB e K oje n p y acajy h K p o 3 K oje ce n p o jaB Jbyjy, n p n MeMy, fl_v6HHa, TeKCTypa, yHyTpamH>ocT, CMHCaO, HCTOpHja, M3K Cy6jeKTHBHOCT, HHcy caflpacajn K oje mh npH nH cyjeM o/npojeK T yjeM o, h o CBojcrBa caM H X cTB apn K oja HaM c e K p o 3 HMarHHai^Hjy n p n K a3yjyul. 10 H 3a npHBHjja aHHMH3Ma, XHJiMaH yncTHHy noKa3yje fla ncH xa HHje He3aBHCHH, caMocTajiHH eHTHTeT Kojn XOTHMHMHO C T y n a y OflHOC C ,,o5jeKTHBHHM CBeTOM , HO yflymeBJbeH npocTop kojh ce j;aje Kpo3 ripe^cTaBe h CTBapn. Y uofljeflHaKoj Mepn JyHroBa MHcao; IlcHxa je neoflBojHBa ofl cBojHX noKa3HBan>a (Jung, C. G., CW 11, CTp. 49.) h peMH 4>eH0MeH0Ji0ra BaH a e p B ep ra: ,,Y kojihko >KeJiHMo fla pa3yMeMO MOBeKOBy er3HcTeHU,Hjy MopaMO ocjiyuiKHBaTH je3HK o6jeKaTa (Van der Berg, J. 1972, CTp. 40.) HaroBeniTaBajy Xhjim3hob n o K y m a j oji6aiiHBaH>a cy6jeKiuu6uciuuHKe OHUiojioliije. HMarHHau,Hja Kao ,,Hamhh 6HBCTBOBaH>a y CBeTy h B pahaite nyiue cBeTy (Hillman, J. 1987, cTp. 81.) h cTaHOBHUiTe ^a je ncnxa ynymeBjbeH CBeT c n a c a B a jy npeflCT3By H3 3aMKe cy6jeKTH BH 3M 3. AkO Cy n p e f lC T a B e H CTBapH o h u i o a o i u k u ucuioeeiuHe, oHfla cy npeRCTaBe OHe cTBapn, aKTyajiHe hjih cJ)aHTa3HpaHe, Koje ce oTKpHBajy h o6jaBjbyjy Kpo3 HMarHHaTHBHy ^ejiaTHOCT Kojy 30BeM0 Ayiiia CBeTa. JlaKJie, H H je C T B ap H e u iT O i u t o je aKTyajiHo, a n p e f lC T a B a H e u iT O o

ApacHMO jih ce JyHroBHX p e n n fla ce n c n x a cymTHHCKH ca cT o jn ofl npeflCTaBa OH^a cy yoymeBJbeHH 4>eHOMeHH cymTHHCKH noflJio)KHH HMarHHaunjH, n p n MeMy je npe^cT aB a o h o m r a j e TaMO H an o jb y , o 6 e jio^aibeH O h jih OMeBHflHO. rioH M aibe npeflCTaBe y apxeTH noJiorH jH ofl3Baiba xajAerepoBCKHM flHCKypcom , i h t o ce HajjacHHje o rjie jja y KejcnjeBHM peMHMa ^ a je npeflCTaBa ,,o h o mTO ce caMO n o c e 6 n n o K a3 y je (Casey, E. 1989, CTp. 237.). H jih npeM a XHJiMaHOBOM oflpe^eH>y: n p e ^ c T a B a K oja je tb m o je CBe i i i t o je TaMO h CTora je TaMo cBe (HeMa HHMer BHine o p, npeflCTaBe H e ro mTO oHa n o K a3 y je), MaK cy h H>eHe CKpHBeHe flHMeH3Hje TaMo (cBa fly6wHa je H3JioaceH a). (Hillman, J. 1989, 252.)

Anima Mundi hjih A V iua y cBeTy 3H3MH jja cBe n o c e fly je fly m y Ha oBaj hjih OHaj HaMHH. H apaBH O obo HeMa naHTeHCTHMKO 3HaMeH>e, a jiH no^pa^V M eBa jja ce 3eMajbCKH (J)eHOMeHH y3Bojje (hjih ,,pe/jyK yjy ) Ha p a BaH A ym e, a H e A ym a H a paBaH 3eMajbCKHX <J)eHOMeHa. 3aTO
je

anima mundi: ,,...3aMeTHa

n p e ^ c T a B a , K o ja

ce

flaje Kpo3 CBaKy CTBap y h>chom BHflJbHBOM o6jiHKy... anima mundi HajroBemTaBa y fly m e B J b e H e M oryhHocTH Koje c e oTKpHBajy y cbbkom 36HBaH>y oh3kbom KaKBO oho je c T e , H>eHO MyjiHO ncnojbaBaibe n o n y T JiHija H aroB em T aB a H>eHy yHyTapH>y npeflCTaBV - yKpaTKO, 3 0 CTynHa je HMarHHaiiHj n, a H>eHo npncycTBO K ao ucuxuhkci peajiH ocT ... A ym a je jjaTa c a cBaKOM cTB apn... C B e CTBapH n o K a 3 y jy J in u ;e ... Ilpefl H a m y na>KH>y ce nocTaBJba HMarHHaTHBHH 3axTeB K ojn HaroBeuiTaBa y3ymeBJbeHH c b c t (Hillman, J. 1982, CTp. 77.). O b o je HCTOBpeMeHo p a 3 Jio r 3amTO ce Xhjim3h cynpoTCTaBJba 0nm TenpH X BaheH 0M yBepeH>y fla n cH xojiorH ja M o p a 6 h t h ,,o6jeKTHBHa H a y K a . C a M a Hjjeja o 6 je K t h b h o c t h je apxeTH ncK a npeflCTaBa h j i h MojjajiHTeT
MeMy c e cJ>aHTa3H pa. C B ejen H o jia jih je aK T y ajm a h jih (J>aHTa3H paH a, iipe/icT aB a/cT B ap ce npoM aT paM y HenpeKHflHO ^ a je , caMO je Mojja.nHTeT HcnojbaBaH>a npyraM HjH; npHM. B.

b . n.

86

87

Kojn KOHcrpynme cBeT TaKO ce cTBapH j aBJbaj y Kao nyKe CTBapH (... 6e3 y H y T p au iH > o c T H ), noflJio>KHe B oxbH , oflBojeHe jeflHe ojj A p y r a x , HeMe, 6e3 ovtHCJia hjih crpacTH (Hillman, J. 1985, CTp. 25.). HcKa3 KojHM ce okom ho Ha npeflCTaBy 06jeKTHBH0 CTH Tpe 6 a cxBat h t h y enHCTeM0Ji0 UiK0 M CMHCJiy, Tj., Kao Hanop Aa ce npeBa3H^e florMa cy 6jeKTHBHOCTH, npeMa Kojoj je nojejjHHau; Kaflap 6hjio ^a onnm e hjih pa3yMe cTBapH, o co 6 e hjih cBeT Koje npoMaTpa Kao o 6jeKTe. A He Tpe 6 a ra carJiegaBaTH y ohtojiouikom CMHCjiy, npn neMy 6h ,,o 6jeKTHBHOCT 03HaiiaBajia oiihc cTBapn Kao nyKHX cTBapn, JiH iueH H X 6hjio K aK B e cy 6jeKTHBh o c th , yHyTpauiH>ocTH, eMoiptja, cB pxe hjih iiyjiHOCTH.
O b h m o jjp ei)eH > e M a p x e T H n c K a
n c H x o jio r n ja c e

HenB0 CM HCJieH0 npH6 jiH5KaBa (JjeHOMeHOJiorHjH, oj;h o c h o o h o u i t o h x B e 3 y j e j e c T e M a H H (| > e cT a ijH ja /n o K a 3 HB 3 H>e

H O M eH k o ji;

(das Sichzeigende, das Offenbare, H e M .). O e Xaj,o;erepa, a n p e flC T a B a KOfl XnjiMaHa,

je c T e , H3 H afl C B e r a , o h o i u t o H aM c e o 6 e jio fla H > y je H a

H eK H o c o 6 eH H HaMHH. U,HJb cJ ieH O M eH O J iorH je j e , n p e Ma

XajAerepy,
h jih

o n H C H B a it e cyu iT H H C K H X o^ J iH K a fla oho u ito ce

4>e-

H O M eH a

,,n y u iT a H > e

n o K a 3y je

OH aK BO K a o u i t o c e n o K a 3 y j e ca M O o ^ c e 6 e , f l a j e Jia c e b h h h caM o 03 c e 6 e K y jy jih m h c jih

A p x e T H n o Jio rn ja h (|DeH0M eH0Ji0rnja 3ajeflHO CTpeMe Ka MaHHcf)ecTHOM h t o Ha flBa HaHHHa. flp B O , ofl6H jajy fla ce npHKJioHe cy6jeKTHBH3aipijH h c k jio h o c t h Ka noyHyTpeH>y, pa3JiHKOBaH>y JiaTeHTHor ojj MaHH(J>ecTHor, u i t o npeflCTaBJba jjoMHHaHTHe TeHfleHu;Hje 3anaflH e m hcjih, jo iu ofl BpeMeHa JJeK apT a, a ,,KpacH h ncH xoaHajiH3y. O hjioco(Jd a p x e T H n o jio rn je E^Bapa Kejcn 3ajia>Ke c e CTora 3a H3rpat)HBaH>e a p x e u i o i i o j i o i i j e (C asey, E. 1991.): cTaHOBHUiTy js,a cy apxeTHnoBH CTpyKType K oje o6ejioflaH >yjy h noK a3yjy c e 6 e , 3ay3H M ajyhn yBeK HeKo o c o 6 e H o MecTo; n p n hcm v je 3a^aTaK a p x e T o n o J i o r H j e npoynaBaH >e t h x cnei^H43HHHHX u p o c T o p a h MecTa, t o jecT , a p x e i u o u o c a K ojn yTeM ejbyjy h y n o je jjH H a M a B a jy a p x e T H n c K O npHcycTBO y npe^cT aB aM a. H a c y n p o T O poj/i,oB oj Hjjej n fla H3a OHHpHHKe c ije H e n o c T o jn ,,der andere Schauplatz (Freud, S. E. 5, 1953-1974), K oje OTKpHBa npaBH CMHcao M aH H ^ecTH or caA pacaja, a p x e T o n o c h jih M ecTo 0 6 eJi 0 flaH>HBaH>a n p e j j c r a B e je jejjHHO Mec t o K oje no K a3 y je npaBH CMHcao h 3HaneH>e apxeT H na. npH M epH u;e, HeKH o /jro B o p Ha P o p u ia x o B o j tc x h h i ; h H e T p e 6 a jjemijcjDpoBaTH, ca HHJbeM jja ce OMeBHjpiOM npHnHHie n p e f n o c T a B J t e H H (H o y M e H ajiH H ) a p x e T H n c k h caflpacaj, B eh H M arH H aJiH o T p e 6 a aMiijiHcJjHKOBaTH caM o jjro B o p Kojn y c e 6 n h o c h , caj;p>KH apxeT H n, o j;h o c h o n p e j(C T 3 B Jb a M ecTO i b e r o B o r n p o ja B J b H B a ita .

(Heidegger, M. 1973.). H e HajiHo flp e l)e H > H M a

H e M a M K o r (|)H Jioco(| )a

n p e flC T a B e a M e p n ^ K o r a p x e T H n o j i o r a ?

Y kojihko (|)eH0 MeH0Ji0 rHja onHcyje cKJionoBe noKa3HBaH>a Bnha, oHfla apxeTHnojiorHja HcnHTyje o 6 ejio^aH>HBaH>a apxeTHnoBa. H3Jia3ehn H3 cy 6jeKTHBHCTHMKHX OKBHpa Ka HajJJIHHHHM npOCTOpHMa OHO u i t o nocTaje npBeHCTBeHO jecTe H cnoibeH a apxeTHncKa npeflCTaBa h cBeT y Kojn je cMeuiTeHa. flaKJie, aKO je CBeT HMarHHaTHBHO o jkhbjlch apxeTHnoBHMa oH/ja cy ,,apxeTHnoBH CByjja, yKOJiHKO cy Hrjje yonuiTe, h HaHHH Ha Kojn o 6HTaBajy HenpeKHflHo je noKa3HBaH>e h yMHOxaBaH>e: y cHOBHMa, y 4>aHTa3HjaMa, y jjejiaH>HMa, y caMHM cTBapHMa (Casey, E. 1991, XX).

A p y r o , (J)eH0MeH0Ji0rHja h a p x eT H n o jio rH ja, CBaKa Ha CBoj HaiiHH, 3 a ro B a p a jy K p e ia ib e Ka CBeTy h y cBeT. Kaj;a je p e n o apxeTH ncK oj ncHXOJiorHjH K oje cy T ep a n n jcK e HMnjiHKai^Hje K p e T a ita Ka cBeTy? I l p e c B era, H a rjia m a B a ite o h t o jio u ik c cpojjnocT H h h tih r h flyajiH e n c n x e h ,D,yuie cBeTa, h cTaHOBHiHTe j;a n c n x a HHje y HaMa h o mh y H>oj (esse in a n im a ), H aroB euiT aB a o c o 6 e H y enHCTeMOJiorHjy. Tepannja, naK h n p o ije c KJiHHHHKe npou,eH e, npej^cTaBJba o jjh o c d e a cy6 jeK u ia . XepMeHeyTHHKH 3axBaT, Kpo3 jjn ja jio r cy6jeK aT a, CTpeMH pa3yMeBan>y h OTKpHBaH>y 3HaneH>a K oje HHje ,,caj;p>KaHo y jej^HOM oji, h>hx h o k r a A p y rn oTKpHBa, Beh TOMe fla je 3HaiieH>e ,,y caMOM oj;H ocy ABa

88

89

cy 6jeKTa Koja cy o h t o j i o u i k h cp o flH H . Ca3HaBaite J],pyror noMHBa Ha cpoflHocTH ca h>hm. M h c t h k , 4>hjiococJ^ h necHHK JoxaH B o ji^ ra H r feT e cTHX0 BHMa HCKa3yje 0HT0Ji0 HiKy cp o fln o cT c a iH a B a 're jta h ca3HaBaHora: ,,War nicht das Auge sennenhaft/Die Sonne konnt es nie erblicken (fla o k o CyHijy HHje cjihMHo/CyHii,e o h o HHKafl He 6 h BH^eJio). H H T e p n p e Tai;Hja cTora He npeACTaBJta n p o u ,ec 3aKJbyL MBaH>a, t o jecT, npoflHpaH>e y nau,HjeHTOB yM, h o xepMeHeyTHHKy apTHKyjiau;Hjy jiaTeHTHor Koje je cynTHJiHO HaroBeuiTeHo y HenocpeflHO a^tom caapxajy. Haflajbe, aKO je Ayuia c b c t y KOMe > k h b h m o , oHfla je ncH xa npocTop A O *H BJbaB aita. Taj HMarHHaJiHH npocTop h j i h m u n d u s im a g in a lis (Corbin, H. 1972.) rnrje KaKaB ,,yHyTpauiH>H CBeT npojeKTOBaH y oflHoc TepaneyTa h naunjeHTa, h o ncHXHliKa peajiHOCT Koja 06 aBHja o 6 e oco 6 e y TepanHjcKOM oflHocy, h HCTOBpeMeHo, C T py KTypHiue h > h x o b o y 3 ajaM H O n p n c y c T B O . TepanHjcKH TeMeHoc (tp.evoq, rp .) - c b c t o , 60 >KaHCKO 3eMjbHUiTe - npeACTaBJi>a 3ajep,HHliKH, cayMecTByjyhn HMarHHajiHH cBeT y KOMe abc oco 6 e oahrpaBajy h HcnojtaBajy cBoja Ja h 3p y re KOMnjieKce j i h h h o c t h . HaMecTO 0 HT 0 Ji 0 iUK 0 r ayajiH3Ma oB^e je p e n o 0praHH3auH0H0j cyry 6 ocTH, nojyeflHaKO y CBak o m yMecHHKy (cBecHo-HecBecHO, ncHXHHKO-TeJiec h o ) , TaKO h y h > h x o b o m Met)yco6 noM 0flH0cy (cy6jeKT-cy 6jeKT). H a npeflCTaBH 3ajeflHH'iKor, OKpnjty jy h e r HMarHHajiHor npocTopa noMHBa Bepa y Moh HcuejiHTejBCKor ec|)eKTa Tepannje. L(hji> Tepannje h h je ^ e jia fte je^H or cy 6jeKTa (anajiHTHMapa) Ha o 6jeKaT (nau,HjeHTa), nocpejjcTBOM cBojHX TexHHKa, Hero cycpeT h HHTepaKuuje flBa cy 6jeKTa Kojn y o r h o c yHoce cBoje K O M nJieT H e j i h m h o c t h . HanocjieTKy, ynpaBO H a napafloKcaJiHoj npnpo/;h anima-e. m u n d i, Koja n p e B a 3 H J i a 3 H h o 6 yxBaTa flH xoTOMHjy cnoji>a-yHyTpa, noMHBa cBa /j,HHaMHKa npoueca h HHTepaKUHja y ncHXOTepannjH. A ko (Hn)je c n o j b a a (h)h y H y T p a , r/;e je? Y y3ajaMHOM flejioBan>y, y o d u o c y . J],yuia CBeTa je u3M ef)y n o j b a apxeTHncKHX

n p e flC T a B a h nojba cy 6jeKTHBHor j;e jia H > a , j j o k h x HCTOBpeMeHO o 6yxBaTa. JyHroBy MHcao: ,,Y Haj/],y6 j t e M CMHCJiy, c h o b h c B a K o r 03 Hac He ^ojia3e H3 Hac 30 H3 O H o r a i u t o j i o k h H3Me^y Hac h flpyror (Jung, C. G. 1973.), H e Tpe 6 a c x b 3 t h t h a o c j i o b h o , Kao ^ a ce 03 H0 CH HCKJbyMHBO Ha CHOBe. Taj m u n d u s im a g in a lis jc er3HCTeHu;HjajiHH n p o c T o p y KOMe ce cycTH>Ky h peJiaTHBH3yjy pa3HOJiHKe flHMeH3Hje: apxeTHncKO h JIHMHo; npouiJio-caAauiH>e-6y/];yhe, HHflHBH flyajiH O h KOJieKTHBHo, yHyTpauiH>e h cnoji>aiHH>e, c h c h o h 6 y#HO, MnmjbeHo h ona>KeHo. i l p H MeMy ce ca c b 3 k h m oa no6pojaH H X caflpacaja npBeHCTBeHO cyoMaBaMO Kao ca n p e ^ c T a B O M . Ha T a j HaMHH ce h pa3JiHKa H3Mefrjy TepannjcKor oflHoca h oflHoca npeMa C BeTy npe/;CTaBa 6 pHiue. ,,Ha Kpajy, aHajiHTHMap - h nai;HjeHT, TaKot)e - jecy npeflCTaBe y cBeTy npeACTaBa, jecy o f lH r p a H e c}jaH T a3H je. Ja jeflH0 CTaBH0 BHUie b o ji h m fla noMHeM ofl 4>aHTa3Hje npe Hero Ofl oco 6 e... n c n x a 3H a 6oji>e uiTa /Kcjih 03 c e 6 e H e ro u i t o ja M ory fla 3 am hcjihm h jih npoTyMaHHM. Ja acejiHM fla cjieflHM H>eHy HHTejinreH i;Hjy (Hillman. J. 1983. a CTp. 6 6 .). YKpat k o , y apxeTHilcKoj n c H x o J io r H jH h T e p a n H jH , J],yuia je nocpeflyjyhn H3Bop 3HaMen>a h CMHCJia, yT0nH jcK 0 Mec t o H3BaH n e r a HeMa H H H e ra y CMHCJiy y T eM ejb y jy h er

JeflHiio u t t o je c ilie je HenpeKHflHO 6 yjaH>e npeflCTaBa, ,,HMarHHau,Hje Koja HMarHHHpa a d in fin itu m " (Avens, R. 1984, CTp. 6 6 .).
T e M e J t a h j i h p rim u m m obile.

8. H OM O AESTHETICUS Ecejn ,,no3Hor XHJiMaHa npeflCTaBJtajy npeycMepaBaH>e apxeTHiicKe ncHxojiorHje xa jienoM h ecTeTHU,H. Cjihmho Xajflerepy h BajTxefly, 3 a H > e r a je nojaM u isth esis-a (aia9 r|cn q , rp .) ofl npecvA H or 3HaMaja. JlenoTa je enncTeMOJiouiKa hv>khoct, aesth esis je HaHHH Ha Koju ca3HajeMO CBeT. (Hillman, J.

90

1982, crp . 84.) IIlTaBHme, Ha nojMOBHMa eCTeTCKor h Jie n o r 3acHHBa CBoj h apxeTHnoJiouiKH, MOfleJi MOBeKa homo aestheticus-a. K ojn cy npoHcxojjH o K p e T a ita h o b o m Monejiy j ih h h o c t h h JienoM ? H nje H epeaJiH o p e h n , KpaTKo h 0fljiyMH0 , BHinecTpyKH. H o 3apafl ym T efle Ha n p o cT o p y , h 3 6 o r n o T p e 6 a p a fla , H3flBojnhy HajBaacHHje. 3 a o K p e T Ka JienoM b o a h H36aBJteH>y ncHXOJiorHje ofl MeflHHHHCKor KOMnjieKca. H a Taj HaMHH c e naTOJiorH]H B p ah a flaBHo H3ry6jteHO flocTojaHCTBo a ncnxoT e p a n n ja yflajbaB a ofl MecHjaHCK0-C0THpH0Ji0iiiKHX cjDaHTasnja. 3 a y3BpaT, o b o b o a h ncHXOJioniKy aHaJiH3y - nojeflH H iia, nop o flH ije. K yjiT ype h jih H fleja y HeflOKyMHBe fly6HHe h 6ecKpajHO HCTpaacHBaite npeflCTaBa fly iu e. Y k o jih k o je BpeflHocT ncH X ojiorH je KOja Ce pyKOBOflH MeflHIJHHCKOM 4)aHTa3HjoM 3flpaBJBe, ^ t o j i h k o j e BpeflHocT ncHxoJiorHje Koja ce p y KOBOflH npeflCTaBaMa JienoT a. Jl,yma He rrpa>KH fla 6yfle JiHiueHa CHMnTOMa, BejiH Xm iM aH , aJiH x y flH 3a floacH B jtaB aiteM CBeTa, fla Moace fla r a y3Me, K yuia, oceTH oHaKo KaKo c e o h o 6 e J io fla ity je h npeflCTaBJia.

jie je B o r MHTa o H c h x h Jien o T a je MaHHcJjecTHa anima muncli... K oja HHje h h TpaHcneHfleHTHa MaHHcjiecTHOM h h t h cKpHBeHo yH yTpa HMaHeHTHa, B eh c e oflHOCH Ha noKa3HBan>a K ao TaKBa, cTBopeH a K ao h oH a, y o6jiHUHMa y KojHMa cy flaTa... (Hillman, J. 1981, CTp. 28.). A aKO je jie n o T a cBojcTBeHa h cyuiTHHCKa flyiuH, OHfla ce ja B J ta cByfla rfle c e fly u ia n o K a3yje. BnflJbHBa <|)opMa je noKa3HBaH>e flyme. Bnhe cTB apn c e oTKpHBa y HcnojbaBaH>y H>eHe Bilcl (npeflC TaB e) (Hillman, J. 1981, cTp . 29.). I I o i u t o jie n o T a HHje arp H S v T oHfla je OHa e iu i c u ie M O J ia iU K a H y M H o c iu je p HaM c e K po3 H>y ja B jb a jy apxeTHnoBH , TaMHHje, Kpo3 JienoT y flOflHpyjy H auia n y jia , n o K p e h y HMarHHau;Hjy h yBOfle y s c h b o t. H c t o BpeMeHO, jie n o T a je O H iu o n o iu K c i H y x H o c i u j e p yTeM eJbyje MyJiHe cjaeHOMeHe CBeTa. O b h m , yjeflHO, o t o o MHH>e cjjeH O M eH okornja: y cBeTy yflyuieBJbeHHX cjjeHOMeHa. A y iu a CBeTa c n a c a B a cf)eHOMeHe. <t>eHOMeH O Jiornja v ia a e s th e tic a . EcTeTCKH o flro B o p - aisthesis - (aiC T0r]aiq, r p . ,,yHouieH>e y , ,,yflHcaH>e , noH M aibe, MyBCTBO, MyjiHO o u a a c a ite ) nofl|pa3yM eBa yHouieH>e o 6 jeK aT a y H>era caM or, a He y rtac. yHoineH>e/yflHcaH>e 3HaMH noyH yTpHTH 4>eHOMeH y H>era caM or, y H>eroBy npeflCTaBy He 6 h jih ce H > ezoaa HM arHHaipija noK peH yjia ( a He H a rn a), fla 6 h HaM otkpho cBojy flyuiy, n o c T a o nepc0HHc|)HK0BaH a THMe h 3aBOJbeH. H e 3a6opaBHMO, Jby6aB j e BHfl ca3HaBaH>a, a fla 6 h Jby6aB 3H ajia oHa M opa fla n e p c o H H 4 > H K y je . T aK o je h o m o a e s t h e t i c u s HCTOBpeMeHO h o m o c o r d is . npeMeurrajyhH ceflHuiTe cBecTH H3 rjia B e (Ja) y cpu,e (cor, ji a T .) - ceflH uiTe HMarHHaHHje, s e n s u s c o m m u n is - a , o n a a c a ib a npeflCTaBa - X njiM aH 3 a ro B a p a HOBy aH T p o n o jio rH jy - ecTeTCKy aH T ponoJiorH jy. Homo a e s t h e t i c u s / c o r d i s je 6nhe Myjih octh h M aiuTe, K oje chbh n o c p e fl eK O JiouiK or n o jb a K oje My ce flaje Kpo3 pa3yM jbHBe h MyjiHe npeflCTaBe. A ko je fly iu a y CBaKoj cTBapH, a He caM O yH yTap HOBeKa, apxeTHnoBH Ha noBpuiHHH CBeTa, B o t o b h y

OacHBjbaBajyhH flaBHO H3peMeHy MHTCKy HCTHHy fla je IlcHxa npeBacxoflHo J ie n a , X hjim 3 h Hac yBepaBa fla fly6HHCKa ncHxoJiornja Mopa 6 hth HCTOBpeMeHO h fly6HHCKa e c T e T H K a . , , Y k o j i h k o jienoTH H H je flaTO npaBO MecTo y HarneM pafly ca ncnxoM, oHfla He Moace flohn flo c y u iT H H C K o r ocTBapeiia f l y u ie . A , ncHxojiornja Koja He OTnoMHite y ecreTHijH... He Moace TBpflHTH fla je HCTHHHTa ncHxoJiorHja jep H30CTaBJba Ty cyuiTHHCKy u,pTy npnpofle flyuie (Hillman, J. 1981, cTp. 26.). JlenoTa HeMa Be3e ca ncropnjoM yMeTHOcTH, yMeTHHMKHM npeflMeTHMa, apT TepannjoM, hhth ca KHheiteM, yjieniuaBaiteM hjih KpauieiteM . JlenoTa H H je ( h Mopa fla 6yfle) jiena, oHa H H je y jienHM CTBapHMa. OHa je H3Hafl cBera: ,,noKa3HBaH>e, H3Jiar a i t e cJjeHOMeHa, o6jaBJbHBaH>e anima-e muncli" (Hillman, J. 1982, CTp. 77.). Y H>er0B0M HMarHHajiHOM HiuMHTaBaH>y fljiaTOHa, IlJioTHHa h, HaflacBe A ny-

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93

HaiiiHM oflHocHMa ca c b c to m h flpyrHMa KaKO fla t o He BHflHMo? 3auiTO j e ncHxojiornja ( h c t o Ba*H 3a TepanHjy) ofl6aiiHJia MaHHcj)ecTHo 3apafl cKpHBeHor, 3auiTO Tpara 3a aHTeijefleHTHHM y3pou,HMa (Jung, C. G., CW 15,) HaMecTO ripoHHijaH>y y <J>eH0MeHanH0? XnjiMaH o flro B ap a: H auia Teopnja onaacaH,a HaM
jeflHocTaBHO He fl03B0Jt>aBa a h x b h a h m o ... H arna

9. IIcHxojiorHja

jih m h o c th

jioKOBCKa Teopnja onaacafta nopHlie KBaJiHTeTe CTBapHMa, yKJiait>a pa3yMJBHB0CT ca h> hxobhx JiHija... <E>h3HOHOMHja cBeTa je 6njia o6e3JiHHeHa h CBa npeBefleHa y yM, THMe j k h b o t pa3flBojeH ofl nojaBHor, nojaBHO oh h c t h h c h 03 peajiHOCTH... >Khbh floxHBJbaj ceeuia 3axTeBa oflroBapajyhH >khbh opraH dyiue noM ohy Kora ce jk h b h cBeT Moace ona3HTH (Hillman, J. 1989, cTp. 225.). 3aoKpeT Ka homo aestheticus-y H JXyuiu cBera oM orvhno je pa3BHjaH>e HOBe Teopnje onaacaH>a.
X h jim 3h o b 3axTeB 3a rpaJ)en>eM HOBe T e o p n je
o n a a c a i b a (K oja c e M o * e ocjian>aTH H a F h 6 c o h o b o

ncHX0Ji0iHK0 HayKOBaH>e o o n ax aH > y h B ajT x ep oB y 4>HJioco(J)CKy T e o p n jy n e p ije n ijH je ) 3a H ac j e oBfle 03 3Haiia ja 36 o r M o ry h n x k jih h h h k h x h T epannjcK H x HMnJiHKaijHja11. YBOflehH nojaM npeflCTaBe y T e o p n jy o n a> K an > a, X njiM aH H a rjiau iaB a fla je HMarHHaTHBHH HHHHJiaij yBeK Ha flejiy, He caM o y yMy h o c e h a itH M a , n o u y T KaKBe MeHTajiHe cjim ce, H e ro h y dupeiciuHOM ouaMciH>y. flpeflC T aB a j e TaMO, y cT B apn h K ao CTBap... (npeflCTaBa) je c T e cTBap... C TB ap nofljeflHaKO h HCTOBpeMeHO H3Jiaace c e 6 e nyjiHMa h HMarHHai^njH. AKTyaJiHO fleiuaBaH>e je HCTOBpeMeHo h npeflCTaBa (Hillman, J. 1989, cTp. 2 5 5 .). J1,ok ce ceH 3ai;HOHajiHCTHHKa ncH X O Jiornja JIoK a h KOMnaHHje 3aJiasce 3 a o ceT y cjiyac6H pa3yM a flOTJie a p x e T H n o jio rn ja 3 aro B a p a oceT floacHBjbeH K po3 HMarHHai;Hjy (Hillman, J. 1978.).
O M oryhHM nocJieflH ijaM a n o T eo p H jy h n p a K c y n c M x o jio rn je 6 H h e p e h n y jeflHHHHaMa o IlcHXOJiorHjH jih h h o c t h h ricHXOTepanHjH; npHM. B. B. n . 11 KJiHHHHKe

MHolocuipyKocui je npBH aKCHOM apxeTH ncK e T e o p n je jih m h o c th , K oja c e y apxeTH ncK oj T eopnjH floacHBJbaBa h 3aM Hiujba K ao nonpH H iTe npaM e MHjn cy cyji,HOHHUH M H oro6pojH e napu,H jajiH e jih m h o c th (ceiiK a. aHHMa/aHHMyc, CeH eK c, n y e p , BejiHKa MajKa, H cuejiH T ejb...). H a c y n p o T BJiaflajyheM MHiujbeH>y, 5MHOrOCTpyKOCT JIHMHOCTH je HHXepeHTHO CBOjcTBO jbyjjcK e npnpofle. TaKO je cBaKa j i h h h o c t noTeHijHjaJiHO p a3 Jio * H B a Ha n a p ijH ja jm e j i h h h o c th K oje je caHHH>aBajy. Y TOMe je , HCTOBpeMeHo, c a f l p x a H a n p e TH>a pa3rpaflH>e h nporpecH B H e flH ^ep em jH jaijH je. 1 HHflHBHflyajiHa j i h h h o c t noflpa3yM eB a o6yxBaTH y p a 3HOJIHKOCT, H3flHcjDepeHHHpaHy I^eJIHHy K oja HHje HH n p o c T a h h t h ynojeflHHaHeHa. IJejioBH TocT j i h h h o c t h 03HaMaBa H3pa3HTo c j i o k c h v TeH3Hjy flejioB a, n p n neM y HeMa jeflH o r H aflp e^eH o r caflpacaja (JacT B o, J a , CaMCTBO h j i h c j i h h h o ) K ojn ycK Jial)yje h ypaBHOTe>Kyje o c T ajie . A k o h c j i o b h t o c t T p e 6 a TpaacHTH oH a je caflpacaH a y CBaKoj npeflCTaBH h ocTBapeH>y h > h x o b h x pa3H0JiHK0CTH, ilpH HeMy He floJia3H flo cyKo6jbaBaH>a h j i h M et)yco6Hoif n o p n ija ib a . H a flpyroM MecTy, X h jim b h o flp e t)y je u;eji0BHT0CT K ao ,,cBe-cBH cJjeHOMeHH Kao (J je H O M e H H , c T B a p n O H a K O K a K O c e n p e f l C T a B J b a jy. 3 6 o r T o ra ncH xoJiouiK a i^ejioBHTocT yK a3yje Ha OHO UITO HeKO jeCTe y MHOrOCTpyKHM OflHOCHMa (Hillman, J. 1981, CTp. 115-116.).
IlcHXH jaTpnj c k h cT pax Ofl pa3rpaflH>e j i h h h o c th noHHBa Ha noHCTOBehHBaH>y j i h h h o c th como ca jeflhhm H>eHHM flejioM (Ja, JacTBO, CaMCTBo) h , n o c jie flHHHHM nOTHCKHBaH>eM MHOrOCTpyKOCTH K oja ce H3 H ecB ecH or B p a h a y BHfly cjjparM eHTauHje. Merac^opa n cH x o jio u iK o r nonHTeH3M a 3aTO cjiy>KH K ao a p x e THncKH cacyfl (KOHTejHep) pa3JiyHHBaH>a HauiHX p a cnojiyheH ocT H , h b o a h nocB e flpyraMHjeM c a rjie flaBan>y naT O Jio raje. ncHXHMKa pa3rpaflH >a je n o c jie flHi^a onceflHyToiuhy ,,MOHOTeH3MOM c b c c th (Jung, C. G. CW 13). CTora, HHflHBHflyai^Hja j i h h h o c t h He n o -

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HHBa Ha MOHOTeHCTHMKoj nepcneKTHBH y uejioB JbaBaH>a, K oje j e HeH36e>KHO n ofljapM Jbyjyhe n o m hoi h t b o ncHXHHKHX c a f lp x a ja , Hero Ha noJiHTeHCTHHKoj nepcneKTHBH. 3 a noJiHTeHCTHHKy cBecT, ueji0BHT0CT He c t o j h H acnpaM MHorocTpyKocTH B eh c e jaB Jba Kao i^ejioBHTocT cBaKe cTB apn, npeflcT aB e, apxeTHna, h yBeK c a ocoSeHHM h m ch o m h jih k o m . M h o h itb o cajjpacH jeflHHCTBo je ^ H o r He r y 6 e h n M oryhH ocT m houiTBa (Lopez-Pedraza, R. 1971.). CyiHTHHy JIHMHOCTH T p e 6 a Tpa>KHTH y M liu io ejwa-MHTcKa noAJiora j i h h h o c t h camabaBa flp y rn aKCHOM T eopH je jih h h o c t h . A pxeTH noB H , o c h o b h h caHHHHTejbH r p a l) e n c n x e , h>hxobo noHam aH>e h H cnojbaB atb e o n n c y jy c e m h to b h m 3 ; p e n j e o flpaMaTHHHHM npH noBeflaibH M a o h c h x h h k h m npoijecH M a, HCKa3ah h m n e p c 0 HH(J>HK0 BaHHM je3HKOM. M h t c k c K a * e o n n c y jy oflH oce B o ro B a h jbyflH, M H orocTpyK e h m horo3HaMHe Be3e H3M e^y canHHHTejba ncHXHHKe r p a t)e jih h h o c t h . j],HHaMHKa h flpaMaTHMHOCT H cnoJbeH e y MHTy fleji0TB 0pH 0 H 3M euiT ajy o c o 6 y H3 ycpeflH U iT eh o c t h y c e 6 e , carjieflaBaH>y BJiacTHTHX n p o 6 jie M a K ao jeflHHCTBeHHX h oco6eHHX, Ka Haua>KeH>y yHHBep3ajih h x ocHOBa BjiacTHTor 6 n h a . I I o i u t o noflCTaBy jih m h o c th caMHH>aBajy m h to b h K oje OHa oflH rpaB a, p a 3 y M eBaibe BJiacTHTHX XTeH>a, H a M e p a , paflibH , n p o 6 jie M a h jih Hfleja noMHBa Ha HMarHHajiHOM npoHHU,aH>y y MHTCKe o 6 p a c u ,e h oflH oce 6o>KaHCKHX cH Jia (a p x e THncKHX jiHKOBa), je p H>HXOBa n o H a iu a ib a h caoflH ou ie ib a npeflCTaBJbajy nyT O K a3e 0H 0M e u iT a c e 36HBa y H aiu eM noHauiaH>y. ,,C no3H aj c e 6 e K ao o c h o b h 3 3aroH eTK a ncHXOJiorHje jih m h o c th y apxeT H ncK oj ncHx o Jio rn jH He n p e p a c T a y ,,C no3H aj HCKJbyMHBO c e 6 e c o M a \ je p HHjeflaH ncHXHMKH flo>KHBJbaj He n o c T a je HCKJbyMHBO Moj K po3 MeHe. CaMoca3HaH>e He noMHBa Ha noHHpaH>y y c e 6 e h o y TparaH>y 3a c o 6 o m y M HoroCTpyKHM OflHOCHMa. OflHoc, p e jia i^ n ja BOflH T peheM aKCHOMy - jih m h o c t H acT aje Kpo3 oflHOC, y oflH ocy; a u h h o c m jeciue OHOC. A kO CyiUTHHy JIHMHOCTH T p e 6 a Tpa>KHTH y

MHTOBHMa KojH onH cyjy pa3 H O JiH K e KOHCTejiaijHje h HHTepaK!HHje B o ro B a (ap x eT H noB a), oHfla t o 3HaMH fla ce cM Hcao He Hajia3H y th m HaflJiHMHHM/Hajfly6jbHM o6paci^HM a ncnxHM Kor (J)yHKi^HOHHcaH>a H e ro y h>hXOBHM OflHOCHMa. ... BoTOBH je c y OflHOCH H yBeK o 6 y x B aT ajy jeflHH flp y re ; caM o Kafla ce nojMH n ocpeflCTBOM MOHOTeHCTHMKe CBecTH noM aJba c e B o r h jih apxeTHn K ao jeflaH jeflHHH (Hillman, J. 1975, CTp. 158.). A jih (J)eH0MeH0Ji0uiKH rjieflaH o jeflaH apxeT H n c e H HK afl H e jaB jba n ojeflH H aM H O , yBeK y n a p y c a h c k h m flpyrHM, h jih y M pe*H oflH oca ca 6pojHHM flpyrHM. MoaceM o jih npHMaTH o apxeT H ny u a p a JIa3apa a fla He yKJbyMHMo y npHnoBeflaH>e/TyMaMeH>e MypaTa, MhJio m a O ^H JiH ha... J\a jih je nojMJbHB apxeT H n o ija 6e3 ap xeT H na cHHa? A pxeTH noB H HHcy oflBojeH e u;ejiHHe Beh flnjaflHH o6pacu,H , K ojn ce ocT B apyjy H H TepnepcoH ajiH o, a eMOUHOHajiHo H cnojbaB ajy H3MeuiaHO. CeTHMO c e Jy H ro b h x peM H fla cy c h o b h H3Met)y JbyflH, He y H>HMa (Jung, C. G. 1973.) h , 3a Hac npo6HTaM HHjer HCKa3a IJ. CeTHHOBepa fla cy ,,apxeTHnoBH H3Met)y, a He y o c o 6aM a... A p x e rtfHncKe n p e flC T a B e H 3paacaBajy o 6 p a c ije JbyflCKHx HHTepaKi^Hj a h npeflCTaBjbajy BHiue H ero caM o flejioB e o c o 6 e (Satinover, J. 1985, cTp. 81.). H aK Jie, y apxeTH ncK oj ncHxoJiorHjH, y jio r e K oje H rp a mo jeflHH c a flpyrHM a noMHBajy Ha n ap u ,H jaJiH H M jih MHOCTHMa , T e MO>KeMO 33KJbyMHTH fla cy HHTepnepcoH ajiH H oflH ocn 3acHOBaHH H a H H TpanepcoH aJih h m Be3aMa.
H eT B pT H 3KCHOM HMnJIHHHTHO

je

Caflp3KaH y

npeTxoflHHM, a HCKa3aH je TBpflH>OM fla c e jih m h o c t H e ycpeflHHiTyje o k o Ja, T j., Ja nuje opzaHU3amop AUHHOciuu. 3acHHBajyhH cBojy T e o p n jy jih h h o c t h H a CHy, X h jim 3 h 3aMHiuJba ocHOBHe ncHXHHKe cKJionoBe K ao HMarHHapHH n p o c T o p HacTaH>eH m h o iu tb o m n e p c0HHc|)HK0BaHHX npeflCTaBa (Hillman, J. 1978.). Y to m n p o c T o p y ,,Ja je jeflaH ofl cyflHOHHKa flp aM ck o r (cH eH or) H rpoK 33a anu He K ao ay T o p , peflH Tejb h h t h K a o rjia B H H rjiy M a i;, cyc))Jiep, B e h K ao je f la H ofl y n e -

96

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o k o Kora ce Hy*HO He ,,B pTH p a flH > a (HaKo ,,Ja ce6e yBeK o n a * a xepojeM npH H e) h Kojn noBpeMeHO He Mopa fla 6yfle Ha no3opHHijH. CBaKaKO fla yHyTap jih h h o c th ,,Ja BpuiH 3 H anajHy 4>yHKi^Hjy Koja je ynpaBo caflpacaHa y HaHHHy nHcaH>a OBe peHH - yBeK bcjihkhm cjiobom. KanHTajiH3aunja ,,Ja He ynyhyje H a ycTpojHTejba n c n x H hkhx aKTHBHOCTH ajiH yKa3yje K3KBy yjiory y flpaMckom 3anJieTy ncnxe oh acejin fla Hrpa (vvishfulfilment?). KapaKTepncTHKa ,,Ja je h T a fla HepeTKO 3a6opaBJta fla ynecTByje ca flpyrHM KOMnjieKCHMa y HrpoKa3y, j\a je cBe Kao fla, Beh cBojy yjiory flocjiobho cxBaTa. HjeroBa oco6eHocT h caM0CB0jH0CT orjieflajy ce y TOMe fla ce6e yBeK flo>KHBJbaBa docnoeh o ciueapHUM. H>er0B0 cTaHOBHHiTe nocjieflHHHO jihuiaBa flpyre cyflHOHHKe nepcoHajrae er3HCTeHi^wje, npeTBapajyhn hx y ancrpaKTHe KapaKTepHCTHKe, nocpeflCTBOM to to b o H e 6 p o ja H H X yjflypMH KojHMa pacnojiaace (noTHCKHBaite, n p o j e K i j n j e , ijenaibe, nopHijaH>e...) Ergo, nojj cbctjiom pe(J)JieKTopa ocTaje caMo jeflaH aKTep - Ja. Cnac o f l n o n i a c T H f l o c j i o B H o r h M O H O T eH 3M a C B ec t h nepc0HH[)HK0BaHHX y Ja j e c T e n c H x o n a T O J i o r H j a .

CH H K a

6 o jie c r , M op6nflHocT, n o p e M e h a j, HeHopMajiHOCT h naTH>y y 6 h jio kom acneK Ty cbot n o H a u ia ib a h floacHBH h 3aMHCJiH )k h b o t nocpeflCTBOM OBe yHaKaaceHe h 6o jiecH e nepcneK TH Be (Hillman, J. 1980, CTp. 1.). jJoK MeflHU,HHa h T e o Jio rn ja TyM ane ncH X 0naT0Ji0rH jy K ao HeuiTO n o rp eu iH O (6oJiecHO hjih rp e u iH o ), T p a ra jy h n 3a KopeHHMa naTO JiorH je H3BaH n c n x e , n p n HeMy 6 o j ie c r 4>H3HKajiH3yjy h jih MeTa(J)H3HKaJiH3yjy (M opaJiH3yjy) apxeT H ncK a ncHXOJiornja y ije jio c r a , CMeu iT a ncH X 0naT0Ji0rH jy, y OKBHpe Ayiue.
Y 3 e B u iH n c H x y

K ao nojia3H iuT e, ncH X 0naT0Ji0-

raja n o c r a je nyHonpaBHH o 6 jih k ncHXOJiouiKor H3pa5KaBaH>a, a pa3yMeBaH>e H>eHor MeTacj)opHHKor je3HKa oTnoHHH>e H>eHHM cM euiTaibeM y oflro B ap ajy h H MeTa(f)OpHHKH KOHTeKCT. 3aTO HeKO 6n3apHo, 6 o jih o , CKapaflHO, o T y n jb y jy h e , M pijB apehe 36HBaH>e h jih n p eflCTaBa H a u ie r ncHXHHKor acHBOTa T paacn fla 6yfle HcnHTaHO y H 3 p a 3 H M a h HopMaMa H M araHaijHje. J J a 6 h c m o pa3yM ejiH uiT a nojeflHHHeBa a6H opM ajiH a ncH XOJiornja K a3yje He MoaceMO ce o c jio h h th H a ,,HOpMaJIHO , 6HJIO fla OHO flOJia3H H 3 MeflHI^HHe, aHTHncHXHjaTp^je, T e o Jio rn je h jih cTaTHCTHKe. Harne (HMarHHaJiHe) rtopM e M opajy 6 h t h h c t o t cacT aB a Kao h rpai> a K ojy aceJiHMO pa3yMeTH, Tj., H aiue ,,HopM e h caM e MOpajy 6 h t h naT 0Ji0rH 30B aH e. n a T 0 Ji0 rH 3 0 B a H>e je xoM eonaTCKo: c jih h h o ce cjih h h h m Jien n . Y HauieM MeTOfly M opa 6 h t h Jiy flH J ia , yK O JiH K O MeTOfl >KejiH fla flo c e r a e JiyflHJio (Hillman, J. 1991, cTp. 98). riOUITO Cy OCHOBe JIHHHOCTH nOJIHTeHCTHHKe

Ilc H x o n a T o jio m K H y B e p a B a j y f la ja jiH H X

^ eH O M eH H H a c H a 6 o jia H

H aH H H

n o c T o je c a f l p a c a j n K oje H H K a fla H e h e M O
c y n p o H 3 B o j],H H a u iH X n a p i^ H H ac n o flc e h a jy Ha ay T o c e o n n p y n o T H H H > a B a jy h H M C T aH O B H iH T y o jeflH H C T B y C
hm htom h k o jh

M o h n n p H C B o jh t h j e p
jih h h o c t h .

H O M H jy K O M n jie K c a 3axTeB H M a JIHHHOCTH.

Ja

ite r o B O M

JyHroBe penn: BoroBH cy nocTajiH 6ojiccth; 3eBc BHiue He BJiafla Ojihmhom ho cojiapHHM njieKcycoM... (Jung, C. G. CW 13, cTp. 37.), HaroBeuiTaBajy flBe CTBapn: npBo, Haiue 6oJiecTH cy 6o>KaHCKor nopeKJia h, flpyro, naTOJiornja h 6ojiecT, npeflCTaBjbajy HHxepeHTHe h cyuiTHHCKe acneKTe ncHxe. CaxeTO peHeHo, neTH 3kchom rjiacn: 6e3 uamojiousoeaHM HeMa jih h h o c th . 3 a XnJiMaHa, naT0Ji0rH30BaH>e npeflCTaBjba: ,,ayTOHOMHy cu o co 6 h o ct ncnxe fla cTBapa

(Hillman), a 6ojiecTH 6oacaHCKor nopeK Jia (JyHr), t o OHfla 3H3HH fla ce ncHX 0n aT 0Ji0 rH ja TeMejbH Ha a p x e THnoBHMa, H e H a jeflHOM o6oJiejioM apxeT H ny H e ro H a 6ojiecTH yHyTap CBaKor apxeT H na. CBaKH B o r h jih B o r a ib a (apxeTH noBH ) HMa CBoj oco6eH H infirmitas (c jia 6 o c T , HeM oh, JiaT.), Te aKO cy OBa 6o>KaHCKa 6 n h a ocHOBa HOBeKOBe jih h h o c th , a o c o 6 a ca3flaH a n o h>hx o b o m JiHKy, O H fla h H>eHa 6 o jie cT HMa 6o*:aHCKH H3Bop. OTKpHBaibe ,,K opeH a n aT O Jio rn je 3aTO n p efl-

98

CTaBJta TparaH>e 3a oflroB apajyhH M apxeT H noM h H>eroBHM infirmitas. Y apxeTH ncK oj n c n x o jio r n jn Met o a HcnHTHBaH>a n aT O Jio rn je Ha3HBa c e enHCTpo(J)e (ejtiaT pocpii, r p .) h jih ricorsi (npeoK peTaH >e, n o B p a h a j, jiaT .) h C B oje K opeH e Hajia3H y yqeH>HMa H eo n jiaT oHHHapa (FIjIOTHH, ripOKJIO, <I>HHHHo) H TiaHaTHCTa BHKa. ,,r ic H X 0 J i0 iiiK H ricorsi j e MeTOfl 3a pa3yMeBaH>e caj];amH>HX flo r a tja ja H3pa3HMa n o e T C K H X o c o 6 a h h>hx o B o r ap x eT H n cK o r 3 ajiel)a. Ricorsi j e nepcneK TH Ba... carjieflaB aifce caflaiHH>HX H C T opnjckhx 36nBaH>a m h tCKHM H3pa3HM3 H MHTOB3 TeKyhHM HCTOpHjcKHM 36HBaH>HMa (Hillman, J. 1986, cTp. 159.). Y o c h o b h enHcrpo(J)HHKe MeTOfle je noKymaj fla ce K po3 HMarHHau,Hjy BpaTHMO b h u ih m npHHijHnHMa He 6h jih cm o cxBaTHJiH H H *e npHHi^Hne h oflpeflHJiH hm o jjro -

OflHOCHO 3H 3K jeflH aKO CTH M O *e fla c e CT3BH H 3M et)y CBa HeTHpn HaBefleHa HHHHou,a n c H x o jio u iK o r C K Jio n a j i h h h o c t h (Ha npH M ep, apxeT H n = c B e c T , Ja = HeCBecHO...) I I o i u t o ncHxa H H je (H CKJbyH HBo) ynaypeH H eHTHTeT, HeonxoAaH 3apafl CKJiaflHiuTeita ,,p en p e3 eH TaiJ,Hja' noMohy K ojnx ce CBeT Moace onaacaTH h jih ncH xojiouiK H acHBOT H M arH H H paT H , OHfla o H a H H je cacyfl H 3 fleJb eH Ha o fle jb K e (cBecHo, HecBecHo, K OJieKt h b h o H e c B e c H o ). IIlTaBH iue, a p x e T H n o jio 3 H H a jp a f l n je h

He

r o B o p e o CBecHOM h H ecB ecH O M . a a K o h

cnoMHH>y OBe h A p y r e y o 6 H H a je H e caH H H H T ejb e c k j i o n a JIHHHOCTH OHfla TO HHHe nOCpeflCTBOM MHTCKHX

M eT ac]3 o p a.

Ho

KaKO H n aK o f l p e t) y j y rp a flH B H e h h h h o -

ij e j i h h h o c t h ?

Bapajyhe MecTO - yKpaTKO, npeflcraBa yBeK npeTXOflH CBojHM npHMepHMa h npojaBJbHBaifcHMa. C BojeBpcH y apxeTH ncK y flecJ)HHHi^Hjy 6oJiecTH h oflHoca npeflCTaBe h MecTa H>eHor HcnojbaBaifca, noflapno HaM je, jo u i noneTKOM BeKa, T eo p r TpofleK : B o n e c T , HaKO ch rypHO Hnje caH y yo6HHajeHOM CMHcjiy, MO*e 6 h t h onncaHa Kao a h c b h o c a ita p e ib e , caH oHor HecBecHor Aejia KojH ycMepaBa KaKO opraHCKe TaKo h ncHXHHKe npoijece h o 6jiHKyje nejioKynHH o6pa3au; *HBOTa (G ro d d eck , G . 1966.). CBaKH o 6 jih k noHainaH>a - o^peflHMO jih r a Kao njieMeHHT h jih noflMyKao, pa36opHT h jih cyjiyfl - HMa cBojy apxeTH ncK y 0CH0By Koja ce
H cnojbaB a y flejiaibHM a m h tc k h x JiHKOBa. Ilep co H H 4>HKOBaH>eM m h tc k h x caflpacaja nojaBe Koje HopM aTHBHa ncHXOJiorHja ofl6 au,yje (6 h jio fla h x 03HanaBa

Kao a 6HopMajiHe, 6H3apHe, ancypp[He, caMopyuiHJiaHKe h jih 6 oJiecHe) flo6 Hjajy CBojy 4)eH0MeH0Ji0iUKy
0CH0By h 0H T0Ji0uiK y flaTOCT. M H T O Jiornja cn ac aB a 4)eHOMeHe ncH X 0naT 0Ji0rH je, 6e3 K ojnx HeMa 0360JbHHjer o6pa3JiaraH>a ncHXHHKe cjioaceHocTH. A 6e3 ncH xonaT O JiorH je HeMa h ii u c j i o b h t o c t h jih h h o c th . Il0HCT0BehHBaH>a KapaKTepncTHHHa 3a fly6HHCKy ncH xoJiorH jy, nonyT: Ja = cBecT h jih apxeT H n = H ecB ecH O , H H cy cBojcTBeHa apxeT H ncK oj n c H x o jio r H jH .

n p e CBera, oho u ito ycTpojaBa KOJieKTHBHO HeCBecHO h cBecT jecy apxeTHnoBH. A noniTO HHje pen o caflpacajHMa Kojn pyKOBOfle pa3JiHHHTHM acneKTHMa Jbyja;cKa oejiaiba h noHaiuaiba (jeflaH Bor 3a flenpecnjy, Apyrn 3a XHCTepnjy... ) m o * c m o , ApxehH ce uoAyKe B. < t> . OTa, pehn fla ce pajjH o pa3JiHHHTHM HaHHHHMa H a ^oje HaM ce CBeT OTKpHBa (Otto, W. F. 1956.). JeflaH a p x e T u n ce o6paha c b c c t h Ha ce6n oco6eH h HenoHOBjbHB HaHHH, a npe^cTaBe cBeTa Koje H3HHHy H3 Tor cycpeTa pasjiHKOBahe ce ofl npeflCTaBa Koje floHocH flpyrn apxeTHn. CBaKH k o c m o c Kojer CBaKH Bor aohoch He HCKJbynyje flpyre; h h th cy apxeTHnCKH CKJIOnOBH CBeCTH, HHTH H3HHHH 6HBCTBOBaH>a y cBeTy y3ajaMHo HCKJbyHHBH. HanpoTHB, ohh 3axTeBajy jeflHH flpyre... O hh flonyH>aBajy h ynoTnyH>aBajy (Hillman, J. 1978, CTp. 264.). CaaceTO peneHO, CBecHO h HecBecHo npeflCTaBJbajv pa3JiHHHTe M O flajiH T eT e 6hbCTBOBaita y CBeTy. nouiTO je ,,pa3BefleHa ofl Ja, CBecT npeflCTaBJba acneKT CBojctbch cBaKOM apxeTHny. CBaKH Bor (ap x eT H n ) noceflvje CBojy oco6eHy BOJby, XTeH>a, u h JbeBHTOCT, ocehaiba, onacaH>a h j ih 6ojiec, flaKJie, jbyflCKa j ih h h o c t je H3B0pH0 CTpyKTypHC3Ha Kao m h o TOCTpyKOCT napijHjajiHHX j ih h h o c t h , on K o jn x cBaKa 101

100

HMa CBojy HHTeHiiHjy h c b c c t . T p aH H ija je flH o r o 6 jih Ka cBecTH h H>eH KBajiHTeT vcjioB JteH H c y ap x eT H n o M . O h t o j i o i h k h cB ecT HHje ijejiH H a B eh HH3 (Jip arM eH aT a, a p x n n e j i a r o c T p B a ija K o je HacTaH>yjy pa3HOJiHKH ocTpB JbaH H (Ja, ceH K a, n e p c o H a , aHHM a/aHHM yc, SeErsH C TeH ijH jajiH O r o B o p e h H , CBaKH o 6 j i h k cBecTH j e KOHanaH, ,,CM emTeH H a 0 C0 6 eH 0 MecTO h oflpaJK aB a o c o 6 e H y nepcneK T H B y. C f lp y r e cTpaHe, nonrro ce Tonorpa(J)CKa 4>aHT a3H ja ncH xoaH aJiH 3e o f l6 a ijy je , H ecB ecH o HHje ,,j io K ajiH TeT BepTHKajiHO cM em T eH y H y T ap o c o 6 e , H enocpeflH O H eflocT ynaH ,,cn o jtam H > e M CBeTy. Er3H C TeH u,HjajiHa n p o c T o p H o c T H ecB ecH or H enocpeflH O ce 0 T e ji0 B Jb y je y cB eT y onaacaH>a, je3H K a, H C T opnje h jih K y jiT y p e. 3aTO j e H>eroBa fly 6 n H a n p e JiaTepaJiHa h o BepTH K ajiH a - yH yT pam H >ocT y H y T ap c B e r a h H3M et)y cBera. ,K 0JieK TH BH 0 HecBecHo. ... 0 3 H a n a B a fla cmo HecBecHH KoneKTHBHe c{3anra3Hje K o ja nocpeflCTBOM apxeTHnoBa y n p a B Jb a HamHM norjieflHMa, HflejaMa, noHamaH>eM (Hillman, J. 1979. 6 ., CTp. 57.). 3aTO P. B p y K c npaBO M 3 aK Jb y n y je flaje HecBecHo: npncvcTBO K o je j e npH cyTH O - K ao - jeflH o - oflcycT B o yH y T ap

H>oj 0 K p e h e M 0 . H e n p n ja T e jb C T B o jo j n o 3 a jM Jb y je 3 ac r p a m y jy h H H3rnep, n p n ja T ejb C T B o y 6 j i a x a B a H>eHe x;pT e (Jung, C. G. CW 12, cT p . 25.).

noiHTO je H eno3H aTo yBeK HcnyH>eHO HamoM 4>aHTa3HjoM, flocTynHo Kpo3 HM arHHaunjy, n p n neM y M am T aibe HMa K apaK Tep ,,a y T o n o p T p e T a (Jung, C. G. CW 9 I), oHjja p eip in p o H aH TpeHyTaK c aM o p e ^ JieK TOBaita Kpo3 HM arHHaunjy OTKpHBa Heno3HaTo, K oje yK a3yje Ha c seT K ojn noHHH>e fla c e noM aJba.

nex , puer...).

10. O TBopeH>y ,ijyme hjih ncHxoTepanHjH

H a K pajy nyTem ecTB H ja h TyMapaH>a Kpo3 ra a B Ha yneH>a apxeTH ncK e ncHXOJiorHje m T a p e h n o TepannjH? H jih , TaHHHje peneHo: u iT a j o i u p e h n ? JJo cafla cm o ce 6aBHJiH H3BopHHM nojMOM apxeT H noJio rn je (apxeT H noM ), H>eHOM 6a3HHHOM MeTac{3opoM (flymoM), o6jiam hy HHTepecoBan>a (npeflCTaBa, HMarHHau,Hja), H ocnoi;eM p a jja (MHTOBHMa), MOflejioM h o BeKa ( h o m o a e s t h e ti c u s ) , W e lta n s c h a n u u n g - o m (nojiH TeH3aM). C a ^ a frp e 6 a ycMepHTH n o rjie fle Ha n p o CTop rfle ce $OMeHyTH caflp acajn 0TeJi0BJbyjy TepannjcK H TeM eHoc (te^ievoc;, r p .) - nH Taibe m T a ce TaMO flem aB a h c a KojHM ijHJbeM.
n p e CBera, T B opeibe A ym e, HMarHHajiHa T e p an n ja h jih apxeTH ncK a ncHXOTepanHja (HCT03HaHHH H3pa3H K ojn ce npeT nocT aB Jbajy nojMOBHMa aHajiHTHHKa n c H x o T e p a n n ja , ncnxoaH aJiH 3a, aHajiH3a; npHM. B. B. n.) HMa y * e h m H pe oApet)eH>e. n p B O HaJiHKyje KJiacHHHoj aHaJiH3H, H3 BefleHoj H3 paflOBa <I>pojfla h Jy H ra , h pHTyajiHMa K ojn cy jo j CBojcTBeHH: 1.) peflOBh h cycpeTH , 2.) ca jeflHHM nannjeHTOM , 3.) JiHii;eM y JiHi^e, 4.) y TepaneyTOBOM n p o c T o p y , 5.) 3a HOBaij (Hillman, J. 1985.). Pa3JiHKa, y 0 flH0 cy Ha KJiacHHHy aHajiH3y, MaH>e Jieacn y o6jiHK y T e p a n n je BHme y H>eHOM ycpeflHmTen>y - Ha npeflCTaBe h HMarHHaijHjy.
Y m n p eM CMHCJiy, HMarHHajiHa T e p a n n j a H H je H eiH TO HITO c e HCKJbylIHBO OflBHja H3M et)V aH aJIH TH -

er3HCTeHii;Hje (Brooke, R. 1991, CTp. 132.). Kao BpcTa npncycT B a, HecBecHO je oflcycTBo
K oje HHje BaH naMeTH , a Tpa>KH oTKpoBen>e h hm brHHajiHO npoHHu,aH.e, Kao CBeT HecBecHo je r a a c K ojn ce n y je a jin He pa3yM e, HajiHKyje JiHKy H3 tm h h c HHjn c e o6pHCH jeflBa Ha3Hpy, c jih h h o crpaH u;y Ha nyflaH HaM je HaHHH no3HaTO h 6 jih c k o , c p o fliio je flaBHO 3a6opaBJbeHOM flpyry H3 fleTHH>CTBa. c o 6 h y Kojy HHKafl HHCMO KpOHHJIH, JiaBHpHHTy, 6ecK pajH o n jia BeTHOM M opy h jth H e6y. J],pyrHM peHHMa, HecBecHo je yBeK cBeT K ojn n o K a3 y je jeflH o ofl cB ojnx jmija, npn HeMy t o JiHU,e HHje 0M et)eH 0 h h t h orpaHHHeHO k o h THHreHTHO HJIH (JjaKTHHKH peaJIHHM. Jom nOJIOBHHOM BeKa Jym j e 3a6ejieacH o cjiefleh y MHcao o pa3H oj i h k o c t h H ecBecH or: ,,M h 3H3mo fl,a o 6 p a 3 H H a HeCBecHor HHje KpyTa - OHa oflpaacaB a JiHiie K oje m h Ka

102

103

napa h nai^HjeHTa hjih u ito npBH mhhh noToiteM. HanpoTHB, peM je o npoijecy Kojn ce HenpeKHflHO oflBHja y HauiHM nojeflHHaMHHM TparaH>HMa 3a flyiuoM. y HanopHMa fla pa3yMeMO Haiuy cjioxeHOCT, HauiHM 6ojbKaMa h cHMnTOMHMa, caMonponncaHHM MeTOflHMa H 3JieM eH > a, oxpa6peH>a Koja caMH ce6n ynyhyjeMO. j^aKJie, CBaKO ofl Hac je y T e p a n n jH CBe a o k je VKJtyMeH y TBopeH>e flyiue. Joui BHiue, cBaKo ofl Hac je naHHjeHT h TepaneyT HCTOBpeMeHO, CBe flOK Bpaha ayiuy CBeTy He caMO Ha kjihhhhh, npHBaTHoj opflHHaijHjH, u;eHTpy 3a cou,HjaJiHH pafl B eh h Kpo3 HMarHHajiHO 6aBJi>eH>e je3HKOM, yMeTHOiuhy, HayKOM, MopajioM, KyjiTypoM.

y CBaKOM cjiyMajy 0 6 a oflpei>eH>a o 6 jeflHH>eHa cy H3pa30M TBopeH>e flyuie: ,,Ja Ha3HBaM Taj pafl t b o p e ite M flyuie n p e H e ro aHajiH30M, ncH X 0T epannj0M , h jih n p o ijec o M HHflHBHflyaHHje. J a c i aBJbaM H arn acaK Ha o 6 jiHKOBau>e, pyKOBan>e h jih 6aB JbeH >e hcm hm n o cpeflcTBOM ncHXHMKe r p a i)e . T o je n cH x o jio rH ja 3aHaTCTBa n p e Hero ncHXOTepannja pacTa... Teopetbe je H3pa3 K ojn o^pa>KaBa uiT a caM a n c n x a m hhh: OHa TBopH npeflCTaBe. O b o TBopeH>e npeflcT aB a j e npB a flaTOCT ncHXHMKor > KHROTa (H illm an, J. 1979. a., CTp.
138.). 3aaaHH hjih nocTynaTH Ha KojHMa noMHBa apxeTHncKa ncHxoTepanHja yjeflHO cy h mbophh nojMOBH caMe apxeTHncKe ncHxojiorHje. TepannjcKH 3aflauH
cy:

1. aejiHTepajiH3au,Hja, 2. peMHTOJiorH3ai;Hja hjih o6e3JiHMeH>e, 3. pa3JiyMHBaH>e, 4. naTOJiorH3aHHja, 5. o*HBJtaBaH>e, h

6 . yjeflH H > aB aH > e.

Ilp B H nocT yjiaT , a y je flH o h npBH 3aflaTaK HMarnHajiHe T e p a n n je , rjia c n : ,,JJ,p>khmo c e ripeflCTaBa" K ao u i t o 3 axTeBa P. J lo n e c - I le f lp a c a (L o p ez, P edraza, R. 1989.). ripeACTaBe (j3aHTa 3Hje MHHe 0 CH0 By CBecTH

H CTora y T ep an n jH MopaMO T p a r a r a 3a H>HMa. H aK h Kafla HHcy oMeBHflHe, Kafla nauHjeHT nopHMe fla MauiT a, OHe cy npncyT H e, n p e p y iu e H e y p y x o Hfleja, n jia HOBa, craBOBa, H3BeuiTaja o c e 6 n . mp>kh>h Kojy o c e h a jy np eM a HeKOMe, y >KejbaMa, oflHocHMa h jih TpaHcc|)epy. M a T e p n jy Kojy naHHjeHT H3HOCH T ep an ey T cjiy m a HMarHHaTHBHO, MeTacjDopHMKH, noK yuiaB ajyhH u p e fla npoHHKHe y M auiTy H e ro fla ce B e x e 3a docjioemi caflp>Kaj. IIcH X O TepaneyT M opa fla c e noHaiua Kao 4>eH0MeH0Ji0r, yMecTO fla TyMaMH, o h T p e 6 a fla 4>eH0MeH0Ji0iuKH npoM aT pa o h o i u t o ce flaje OHaKbhm KaKO ce flaje. J e p flap npeflCTaBe je cT e y TOMe u i t o n p y a c a MecTo H3 K o ra ce M o*e npoM aTpaTH (naHHjeHTOBa) fly m a... (H illm an , J. 1983. CTp. 5 5 .). r i p o u e c KpeTaH>a ofl cnojbauiH > er Ka VHyTpauiH>eM (noyHyTpeH>e), ofl noBpuiHHCKor h flocjioB H or Ka M aH>e BHfljbHBOM h MeTacjaopHMHOM (npofly6jbaB aH >e) npeflCTaBJba dejiu iu ep a m i3anujy. J2,ok H H TepnpeT aHHja noMHBa Ha MOHOTeH3My 3HaMeH>a, y6H jajyhH t h Me HMarHHanHjy, flejiH T epajiH 3annja yMHO*aBa BHiueCMHCJieHOCT 3HaneH>a h o c jio 6 a i)a npeflCTaBe o n acH o c t h fla 6yfly OKaMeH>eHe y nqjM O Be h flocjioBHa TyMaMeH>a. 3 a T o caK a TBpflH>a o npeflCTaBaMa M opa 6 h t h cxB aheH a MeTa(|)opHMKH, ca npe(|)HKCOM K a o fla . y c p e f lc p e ^ y jy h n cBojy (h n a 14nj e h t o b y ) naxH >y Ha npeflCTaBe cHa h (|)a H T a 3 H je , a H e Ha H>nxoBy HHTepnpeTaH H jy, T ep an ey T He caMO fla o*H B JbaB a n a n n jeHTOBy HMarHHanHjy B eh y npeflCTaBaMa T p a ra 3 a m h tc k h m JiHKOBHMa KojH H rp ajy Te npeflCTaBe. CTora peMuiuoAozujanuja npeflCTaBJba flp y rn nocT yjiaT apxeTHnojiorHje. T p ara n > e 3a m h tc k h m JiHKOBHMa h CHTyai(HjaMa, He yK a3yje HCKjbVMHBO Ha t o k o ( Kojh apxeT H n) y o 6 jiHMaBa naHHjeHTOBe cy 6jeKTHBHe n o rJiefle, H>eroBe HMarHHajiHe nepcneKTHBe B eh h t o K o je HMarHHajiHO 6 o>KaHCTBO ,,n pojeK T yje CBojy o c o 6 eHy naTOJiorHjy Ha H>era. C aM a peMHTOJiorH3au,Hja je HCTOBpeMeHo h o 6 e 3JiuneK > e j e p ce T ep an n jo M H acTojn nocT H hu oflB ajaibe 105

104

n a ijn je H a T a cyBHine jih h h h x oflH oca h Be3a, 6 h jio fla c e paflH o oflH ocy c a TepaneyTO M , 6 h jio o oflHOCHMa BaH T epanH jcK e cHTyai*Hje. ELoMaK ca cy6jeKTHBHe Ha paBaH o6jeKTHBHor, ap xeT H ncK or, H eonxoflaH je 3aTo u i t o cy Me^yjbyflCKH 0flH0CH n p e sa c n h e H H a p x e r a n ckhm 3axTeBHMa. Harna oHeKHBaH>a, acejb e h 6ecoBH, Be3aHH 3a H a u ie poflH T ejbe, 6paH H e n a p T H e p e h fleuy, n p n ja T e jb e , H enpH jaT ejbe h yT O T ejbe/T eparreyT e, n p e Ba3HJia3e H>HxoBe M ohn K ao jbyflCKHX 6 n h a ; ofl h>hx H anpocTO OHeKyjeMO (npojeK T yjeM o) fla H cnojbaB ajy apxeTH ncK e KBaJiHTeTe t h x y jio r a (MajKH, o n eB a, fle u e , n pH jaT ejb a, T e p a n e y T a ...), 3 a6 o p a B Jb a jy h n n p n t o m fla cy y nHTaH>y HafljbyflCKH (apxeTH ncK H ) K B aJIHTeTH.

npoHcxofle H3 ,,cyKo6a Henpeno3HaTHx, a pa3JiH*ihthx apxerancKHX reHeajiorHja TepaneyTa h naijHjeHTa (nonoB H h, B. B. 1995.). Pa3JiyMHBaH>e noflpa3yMeBa h 6 h th pa3JiHMHT, KaO UITO 0 C06 eH0 CT 3HaMH 6HTH jeflHHCTBeH h Heo6HMaH. 3aTO je neTBpra TepanHjcKH 3aflaTaK: ycpeflcpeJ)HBaH>e Ha hco6hmho, HacTpaHO, HenpHJiarofljbHbo h 6H3apHO - flaKJie Ha caflpacaje Kojn ce HcnojbaBajy y naTOJiorHjH. ncHxonaTOJiouiKH caflp>KajH ce cxBaTajy BHiue Kao H3BopH oco6eHocra h caMOCBojhocth oco6e, a MaH>e Kao rpeuiKe ko|hx ce Tpe6a ocJio6oflHTH. C b c t MHTOBa o6HJiyje naTOJiornjoM, 6H3apHOiuhy, 3jiom, a6HopMaJiHHM, y H H iu T a B a jy h H M , h t o ce Kpo3 apxerancK e CTpyKType npojaBJbyje h y n a ijH je H T O B O M CBaKOflHeBHOM noHaiuaH>y, y chobhm3 h 4 > aH T a3 H jaM a. A6HopMaJiHa c T a ib a cy er3HCTeHijHjajiHO jbyflCKa h 3aTo HopMajma; h>hxobo npepacTaibe y ncHXHjaTpHjcKa, Koja T p a * e Hery, H a c T a j e y TpeHyTKy Kafla hx npoMaTpaMo Kpo3 ncHXHjaTpnjcKy 4>aHTa3Hjy. PeajiHOCT ncHXonaTOJiorHje Mopa 6 h th oflBojeHa ofl HaiuHX HHTepnpeTai^Hja h TpeTMaHa. A nouiTo 4>aHTa3Hja jnaTOJiornje npeTxoflH h>chom flocjiobhom HcnojbaB^H>y, ncHX0Ji0iuK0 npoHHi;aH>e n c n X0naT0Ji0rHje Mopa oTnoMera h>chhm carJieflaBaibeM Kao jeflHe y MHOuiTBy apxeTHncKHX 4>aHTa3Hja flyuie. ncHXHMKa 6oJiecT ocTaje jeflHa ofl apxeTHncKHX K a T e ro p H ja 6nBCTBOBaH>a He3aBHCHa ofl CBojHX caflpcaja, fle4>HHHi^Hja Koje Bapnpajy ofl enoxe flo enoxe hjih HaMHHa neMeiba. JeflHocTaBHo, u a iu o jio u s a n n ja je Hy>KHa, BeMHa h HenpeKHflHa. A jih THMe u ito je npeBacxoflHo ncHXOJiouiKa peajiHocT O H a Tpaacn n c H X O jiouikh yBHfl h pa3yMeBaH>e. Ilpe Hero HcnHTaMo naT0Ji0rH30BaHH caflpcaj c})aHTa3Hje MopaMO npeno3H ara apxerancK y 4> aH T a3IIjy naT0Ji0rH30BaH>a (H illm an , J. 1975, cTp. 79.). THMe u ito je H H x e p e H r a a ncHXH, naTOJiorH3ai^Hja je Hy*Ha h HeMa jo j J ie K a , yM ecT O xepojcKor, n o 6 e flH H M K o r Ja CTaHOBHUiTa, H eonxoflHa joj je peBajiyauHja h MeTaHoja (fiexa-voia n o K a j a i b e , npeyMjben>e, npoMeHa y M a h cpija Ha 6 o j b e , r P-)-

Ilp o H H ija ite M y m h tc k o 3 ajiet)e h n e p c 0 HH(f)HK0 BaH>eM apxeTHncKHX CKJionoBa nanH jeH Ta flOJia3HMO flo T p e h e r nocT yjiaT a: pa3Jiym ieahba fleJioBa jih h h o c th . 3axTeBOM fla c e pa3HopoflHH flejioBH jih m h o c th npeflCTaBe h n c n o jb e T e p a n e y T nocTHace TpH u n jb a : npBO, flejioBH j i h h h o c t h c e n 0 H C T 0 B e h y jy ca OflroBapajyhHM KOMnJieKCHMa h o b o He BOflH rpat>eH>y ,,n e p coHaJiHe r e H e a jio r n je B eh ,,apxeT H ncK or p o flo c jio BJba (Lopez-Pedraza, R. 1989.), u i t o oJiaK iuaB a ocTBap e ib e flp y r o r u;HJba: ycnocTaBJbaH>e H H TepnepcoH aJiHe noBe3aHocTH h yMBpmhnBaH>e nannjeH T O B pr jiHMHor HfleHTHTeTa. O flB a ja ite fleJioBa j t h h h o c t h , cnapHBaibe oco6eHHX o c e h a ib a , CTaBOBa, peaK i^nja ca H.HMa o flro BapajyhHM KOMnJieKCHMa BOflH yBehaHOM caM oca3H aH>y. YoMaBaibeM BJiacTHTe pa3HOJiHKOCTH h m h o to CTpyKOCTH Koje T O B O p e Kp03 Ja, MOBeK OTKpHBa KO je . H an o cjieT K y , ocjio6ai)aH>eM nai^HjeHTa ofl cnyT aB ajyhe KOHKpeTHsaiiHje jiHMHor poflocJioB a h ,,onpeMaH>eM apxeTHncKOM re H e a jio rn jo M , K oja bhiu e o flro B a p a H>er0B0M HenoHOBJbHBOM hchx h m k om CKJiony, HCTOBpeMeHo n ocraaceM O T epaunjcK H 3axTeB npeBa3H JiaxeH >a yiuaHMaBaH>a y TpaHcc}3epH0-K0HTpaTpaHcc|)epHH oflHoc. H aH M e, HajBHiue onacHOCTH n o t o k Tepanuje h M o ry h e HOKejbeHe nocjieflH iie

106

107

Ofl JyHra yoneHa, a KnnMana npopai)eHa, noBe3aHocx npeflCTaBe h hhcthhk t3 hctom apxeTHnckom cTpyKTypoM (a He 3aMeHa ,,HHacer ,,bhhihm) hhhh fla HarJiacaK kojh TepaneyT CTaBJba Ha npeflCTaBe cjaaHTa3Hje HCTOBpeMeHO o 3 HanaBa h HarjiauiaBaH>e hhcTHHKTa. IlpeflCTaBa h h h cthhk t cy jeflHO Te hcto... IlpeflCTaBe cy hhcthhk th y o6jiHKy 4>aHTa3nje;... Hhcth h k th cy o6pacuH noHamaH>a HMarHHaijHje... Ybck cT e y (J)aHTa3HjH Kafla H3BOflHTe hhcthhk t, h yBeK CTe hhcthhkthbho 3rpa6ji>eHH Kafla HMarHHHpaTe 4>aHTa3 Hjy (Hillman, J. 1995, CTp. 50.). nouiTO npeflcTaBJbajy flBe CTpaHe HCTe Meflajte, oho h ito ce fleuiaBa ca jeflHOM, oflpaacaBa ce Ha flpyry h o6pHyTo. Kafla je nai^HjeHTOB HaroHCKH x h b o t noMeTeH h cth je cjiyMaj ca H>er0B0M HMarnHannjoM, a Kafla uoTHCKyje MauiTy HCTO HHHH Ca HHCTHHKTHM3. HOUITO Cy flB a JIHIja HCTe cTBapn, apxeTHnojiouiKH npncTyn noflpa3yMeBa fla npoMeHa jeflHor BOflH npoMeHH flpyror. Y t o m cjivnajv afleKBaTaH MeTofl pafla je aKTHBHa HMarnHayHja. Chm6ojih, Tj., caflpxajn KojHMa ce HCKJbyiiHBo onepnuie y OBoj TexHHUH, n o c e f ly jy M oh Koja OflroBapa oHoj K o jy HMajy cHMnTOMH Kojn npo6Hjajy y Ja-cBecT. 3 6 o r T o ra HMarHHaJiHO 6aBJbeite CHM6oJiHMa, y KOMe je Ja aKTHBHH capaflHHK ncHxe, npeflCTaBJta 0CH0By 3a npoMeHy HaroHCKHx n o p e M e h a ja . n o c T y n a K y KOMe pyKy nofl pyKy Hfly BHTaJiH3aqHja HHCTHHKTa h ncHxnMKa flH^epeHi^Hjai^Hja npeflCTaBa Ha3HBa ce micuajbaeahbe. nocjieflitH TepannjcKH 3aflaTaK vjediifhaeahba oflBHja ce npBeHCTBeHO y TepannjcKOM TeMeHocy. npoHHi^JtHB 3aKJtyiiaK apxeTHnojiora P. GreHHa: ,,Hajfly6jta noTpe6a flyuie y 6hjio kom jtyflCKOM oflHocy HHKafla HHje TepaneyTCKa; Beh je t o xyflH>a fla ce cjeflHHH ca flpyrHM (OreHH, P. 1988, cTp. 148.), MOJKe 6h th flBojaKO cxBaheH. n cn xa je yBeK y TparaH>y 3a EpocoM. fleo K o jn joj HeflocTaje Moace 6h th ,,y H y T p a , HeoTKpHBeHH fleo BJiacTHTe jihmhocth, aJiH h ,n,pyrH, TaMo Hanojty. Yi;eJioBJtaBaite na npBoj paBHH noflpa3yMeBa ynoTnyitaBaH>e H a flpyroj - yHyTpauiH>e ijejioBHTocTH HeMa flOK ce He otbophm o 3 a
108

avrenTHMaH oflHoc c ,D,pyrHM h , o6paT H o ,

c n o jb a u iita

i ijejioB H T O C T noM H B a H a n c H X 0 Ji0 iu K 0 M a r a n e ( d v a T i'n , 'Tp.) npeMa 3a6opaBjteHHM, n o t h cH yTH M , yM p T BJteHHM, OTuenjteHHM c a f l p * a jH M a BJiacTHTe n c n x e .

; np H M ep n u ,e. arannjcKH cTaB np eM a 6ojiecT H , v n p o H H ija ite y T y a p x e T H n c K y 4> aH T a3H jy naTOJiorH-

J(3au,Hje mhhh fla

i~

c e OHa

noBc>Ke c a

c B o jo M n o j i a p H o u i h y

3 flp a B J te M . JeflHOM pacu;enjbeH H a p x e T H n ,,3 flp a B J te - 6 o J ie c T c e y i ; e j i o B J t y j e , a y H y T p a iu n > e yjeflH H >a-

18aH>e pacitenjbeHor apxeTHna (Guggenbiihl - Craig, > ! A. 1971.) y TepaneyTy M o*e b o a h th fteroBOM H3MHpeH>y y n a iiH je H T y . ( n o n o B H h , B. B. 1998.). H o, y je flH H > a B a ite M O * e fla c e o flB n ja H3BaH i; TepanHjcKor TeMeHoca h no 3aBpuieTKy aHajiH3e, a caflp*H ce y noK yuiajy HenpeKHflHor npeHHaMaBaita
o 6 jiH K a CBecTH npeB a3H Jia>K eH >eM flOM HHaHTHe je f l-

HOCTpaHOCTH" Ja. n C H X O JIO rH 3 a i(H jO M , Kao MeTOflOM, MOHOTeH3aM h xepojcKH cTaB Ja-cBecTH 6HBajy f l o n y H>eHH/ypaBHOTe>KeHH caflp>KajHMa, n e p c n e K T H B a M a , , CHTyai;HjaMa hjih napu,HjajiHHM JiHMHocTHMa. H enpeKHflHH pafl Ha BJiacTHTHM ncHXHM KHM ocHOBaMa, pa3BHjaH>e npncH or oflHoca ca concTBeHHM MHorocTpykhm JiHMHocTHMa y B e h a B a caflp>KajHocT, fly6HHy h yHVTapH>y npocTopHocT jthm hocth.
^

A ko ce ynHTaMO Ha neMy noMHBa Moh apxeTHncKor TepaneyTa fla ce h o c h ca H3Jio>KeHHM u(H. jtcBHMa. oflroBop je HCTOBpeMeHO ncHxojiouiKH h peJiHrHj'cKH o f l p e ^ e H . H a e ro B pafl ce 3acHHBa a jiH h VCMepaBa Ka 6yt)eH > y ucuxojioiu.Ke eepe. ncH xonoe3Hja (TBopeH>e flyiue) noMHBa Ha B e p H Koja ce noM ajta ;H 3 ncHxe h HcnojtaBa Kao Bepa y p e a ji H o c T flyiue. C p o 6 3 H p o M fla je ncnxa npBeHCTBeHo n p e flC T a B a , a npefl: CTaBa yBeK ncnxa, cnoMeHyTa Bepa ce HcnojtaBa Kpo3 ; arannjcKH oflHoc npeMa npeflcTaBaMa; peM je o cbojeBpcHoj HflOJiaTpHju Koja je jepeTHMKa ( i t o j i h t c h c t h MKa, HKOHOKJiacTHMHa) 3 a 6 e 3 n p e f l C T a B H H MOHOTe-

109

H 3aM cB ecT H . IlcH x o n o e 3 H ja O TnoHHHbe ,,jb y 6 a B J b y n p eM a npeflcT aB aM a (Hillman, J. 1975.), h npoBJiaHH c e Kpo3 CBaKOJiHKO n e p c 0HHcj}HK0 BaH0 y o 6 jiH l iaB aH >e o c o 6 a y M auiTaH >H M a, cHOBHM a, (}3aHTa3HjH, HM arnHaiJHJH. 0 >KHBOTBOpeH>e ,,UOeTCKHX OCHOBa M H U IJb e H>a (Hillman, J. 1985.), T j., n p e flC T a B a y6eflJbH B O H a c yB epaB a i\a oH e rioceflvj.V a n oT O M h n p e flC T a B Jb a jy V H yT apH jy p e a jiH o c T fly6oK e 3 H aw ajH o cT H K oja T p a H c q e H f ly je M 0 BeK0 B0 n o c T o j a i t e . O b h m ce o6jaiiiH>aBa JyH roB B je p y jy ^ a j e h o b c k ,,6 n h e y flyuiH h j i h esse in anima. ^IoBeK je y ncHXH , a ,,ncnxa j e CBeT y KOMe je

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M paH H or. E e o rp a fl: H o jih t .

82. Miller, D. L. (1981): The New Polvtheism. Rehirth o f the Gods and Godesses. Dallas: Spring Pbl. Inc. 83. Moore, T. (1980): James Hillman: Psychology with Soul. Religious Studies Review 6: 278-284. 84. Moore, T. (1989): A Blue Fire: The Essential James Hillman. London: Routledge. 85. Otto, W. F. (1956): Theophania. Hamburg. 86. Otto, W. F. (1962): The Homeric Gods. New York: Pantheon. 87. F Ijio th h (1984): Eneade I-V J E e o rp a jj: K itH iK eBHe HOBHHe.

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88. rionoBHh, B. B. (1988): A pxerancK a ncHxojioraja. Mejio. XXXIV. 65-92. 89. rionoBHh, B. B. (1995): ApTeMHfla. Y KH>H3H Tlcuxojiolu ja MencKo. (npHpeflHo) IlonoBHh, B. B.: Hojiht: 182-252. 90. nonoBHh, B. B. (2000): Hcqejbeibe hjih y^ejioBJbeH>e/HJiH 3aniTo HManiHajiHa naTOJiornja. y 36opHHKy AmTipouoJiouja 3paejba u ojieculu. (n p n p . M. T>ypnh-CpejH h h H. XayH HHKOJinh). Beorpafl: >KejiHHj(. 18-26. 91. rionoBHh, B. B. (1999.): HMaluHau,uja u Popiuax: ApxeiuuuojiouiKO upeuctluiuueafbe Popuiax Meiuode. Eeorpafl: 4>HJI030C|3CKH cjjaKyjiTeT. 92. Ricoeur, P. (1997): From Text to Action. II. Evanston: Northwestern University Press. 93. Romanyshyn, R. (1978-1979): Psychological Language and the Voice of Things. Dragonflies: Studeis in Imagina! PsychoIogy 1: 74-90, 73-79. 94. Romanyshyn, R. (2000): Yes, Indeed! Do Call the World The Vale of Soul Making. U Depth Psychology: Meditations in the Field.(eds.) D. P. Slattery, and L. Corbett. Einsiedeln: Daimon Verlag: 193-204. 95. Samuels, A. (1985 .): JungandPost-Jungians. London and Boston: Routledge/ Kegan Paul. 96. Samuels, A. (1997): Introduction: Jung and Post-Jungians. U The Cambridge Companion to Jung, (eds.). P. Young-Eisendrath! T. Dawson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.. 1-17. 97. Satinover, J. (1985): At the Mercy of Another: Abandonment and Restitution in Psychosis and Psychotic Character. y 3 6 o p H H K y Abandonment. (ed.) N. Schwartz-Salant. Wilmette, 111.: Chiron Pbl. 98. Sells, B. (ed.) (2000): Working with lmages: The Theoretical Base o f Archetypal Psvchologv.Woodstock; Spring Publications. 99. Slusser, G. H. (1989): Jung and Whitehead on Self and Divine. Y KH>H 3HArchetvpal Process: Selfand Divine in Whitehead, Jung, and Hillman. (ed.) D. R. Griffin. Evanston, 111.: Northvvestern University Press: 77-93. HM ). Snell, B. (1960): The Discovery ofM ind. New York: Harper and Row.

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117

AHITO HMArHHAJIHA nATOJIOrHJA?

M o j c k p o m h h flonpMHoc TeMH m h|h je npeflM eT n aT O Jio rn ja h pyKOBeT H ^eja K oje o 6 hm ho acoijnpaM O c h>om - 6 oJiecTH, 3^paB Jbe, chmittomh, 6 o ji, naTH>a, JieneH>e- ycjioBjteH je HHH>eHHi;oM jja caM T e p a n e y T ( 0e p a 7 tsvT iip, 0g p a 7 cevxTi<;, r p .) , n p n neM y o b o m nojMV npnflajeM h c t o 3HaneH>e K oje My je ^aBHO T ajieH npHHHcao. JHaKjie, y cjiy>K6 H caM o flp e ije H o r KyjiTa h c jiy ra o c o 6 e H o r 6 oxaH CTBa y MHje HMe H3BOflHM n p o n n ca H e o 6 p e jje . IIp e M a TOMe, K ao ncHX OTepaneyT, ja caM y c jiy * : 6 H Ilc H x e h CTora j e M oje carJie^aBaH be n a T O J io r n j e , 3flpaBJba h 6 ojiecTH ncHX 0Ji0 UiK0 h Hecborhbo Ha A p y re ,,6a3HMHHje, (J)yHflaMeHTajiHHje ocHOBe. flpCHM ce peHH c a 6 p aT a h cacjiyacHTeji>a Ha nojby ncHXOTepanHje B. r n r e p n x a K a^a Kaace fla n o c a o ncHXOJiora HHje y TOMe 3 a ,,3acHHBajy (H a m e ) yBHfle Ha HCTopnj ckhm h jih 6 h o jio ih k h m HHH>emmaMa. M h h h c m o iicTopnH apH , h He T p e 6 a ...^ a c e 6aBHMO eMnHpnjcKOM Beh ncHXOJiOHiKOM h c th h o m , h i t o h e peh H UMaiUHClAHUM\ PiMarHHaijHja je KopeHHTa aKTHBHocT Ayme, a n p e ^ cT a B a (im ag o , JiaT.; ei8coX.u, r p .) ocHOBHa h h H>eHHi^a o jj K oje noHHH>e apxeTH ncK a n c n x o jio rH ja , npn neM y npe^cT aB a h Ha H>oj 3acHOBaHa HMarHHau,Hja, HHje o h o i h t o c e b h jjh B eh h c ih u h h u k o j u ce Heuulio cajiedaaa. IlpeACTaBe 4>aHTa3Hje HHcy caMO OCHOBH3 rpat)a HohHHX CHOBa h a h c b h h x caH >apnja, OHe cy, uiT a BHrne HecBecHo npncvT H e y i;ejioK ynH oj Harnoj CBecTH" (D. Hillman: Re-V. Psy. cTp. XI). CBe

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ih t o 3H3MO, CBe u it o o n a * a M o hjih ocehaM O , cbsk h HCK33, TBpflH>a hjih yBepeH>e 3acH0BaH0 je Ha (Jjhjioco(J)HjH, t o jecT , nponcTH H e H3 npejjcT aB a n c n x e . K ao H3BopHe flaTOCTH fly m e, n p e flc ra B e cy caMOHHKJie, HHBeHTHBHe, cnoH TaH e, noT nyH e h 0praH H 30B aH e y a p x e T H n c K e o 6 p acu ,e. HcTOBpeMeHO, OHe n p e f lc ra Bjbajy cnp o B y rp a i)y h K pajitH np0H3B0A A yuie h HaflacBe, noB Jiam heH H nyT Ka ca3HaBaH.y n c n x e . A a 6 h x 6 h o jo u i npeijH3HHjh fl0 3 a h y c jie fleh enpeflCTaBe cy HaliHH c a rjie flaB aib a h ca3HaBaH>a h jih , apyraM H je peneH O , m h ca3HajeMO nocpeflCTBOM n p eflCTaBJbanba / HMarnHau,Hje. HcTOBpeMeHO, n c n x o jio iiiK e n p e^cT aB e oflJiHKyjy ce u o K p e iu jb u e o iu h y ( F . B a u iJia p ) h H e u o c i u o j a H o m h y , TaKO jja npoM eH e, 3aMeHe, npeH H axie ib a ncH xojiouiK H x npe/jcT aB a He 3H3HH HeM oryhH ocT c a rjieflaB aib a h ca3HaBaH.a fly iu e, B eh n p e n p e o 6 jiHKOBaH>e y carjieflaBaH>y j;y u ie h jih BpeflHOBan.y ncH xe. M e ita jy h H H arne npeACTaBe, m h M eitaM o noM ohy h>hx h o h o u i t o ra e flaM o " h ,,ca3H ajeM o h jih ,,K0 HCTpyHiueM 0 . 3aTO HeKa Hac He nyflH i u t o jeflaH ofl po^H T ejb a apxeT H ncK e n c H x o jio rH je TacTOH B a u iJiap He cM aTpa jja j e HMarHHau,Hja, HCKjbyiHBo, c n o c o 6 HocT o 6 jiHKOBaH>a npeflcT aB a: B e h (je oH a) n p e c n o c o 6 HocT decj3iiH u ca H ,a npeflcT aB a, o c jio 6 ai)aH>a Hac caMHx ofl Henocpe/iHHX n p e flc ra B a ; c n o c o 6 h o c t upeunimehba npeflCTaBa (B ach elard , 1988., 1). C jie fly jy h n yneH > e y KOMe j e n p e flc ra B a HecBOflHBH TeM ejb CBaKor 4>aHTa3Hpaiba h jih M auiT aiba, HMarHHauiHja je 3 a MeHe cpejjcTBO pa3yMeBan>a cBeTa, 0 flH0 CH0 , o c o 6 eHH BHfl ca3HaBaH>a h flOKHBJbaBaiba. C T o ra je M oje pa3M aTpan>e n aT O Jio rn je, 3flpaBJba h jih 6oJiecTH npeB acx0A H 0 3acH0BaH0 Ha npeflCTaBaMa. o a h o c h o UMaimanHOM . H 3 p a 3 HMarHHajiHO ( i b e r o B TB opai; je (|)paHii,ycKH (JdhjiococJ) h T e o jio r HCJiaMa H. C orbin, S pring, 1972, cTp. 1) npejjnocT aB JbaM nojM y uMazimapHo, c o63H poM jja noT oibH H aroB euiT aB a 3 a je HMarHHanHja c y 6 cTHTyT j(ecj)Hii,HjeHTHe c n o jb a iu ib e peaJiHocTH , H aroB euiT aj 3 p e jio r MHUiJbeH>a h jih cyn p o T H o c r peajiHOM. HM arHHaJiHo j e p e a jiH o , ajiH y

CBeTy a p x e T H n o B a , He y npHpoflHOM yHHBep3yMy, Te c r o r a HMarHHaTHBHo o n ax aH > e h HMarHHaTHBHa cBecT HMajy cB oje cJ)yHKijHje h cBoje HoeTHHKe (KorHHTHBHe) Bpe^HOCTH yHyTap cB o r CBeTa - mundus archetypalis-a (Corbin, 1972). OnTHKa oBe ncHXOJiouiKe nepcneK TH B e je MeTa(J)OpHHHa h xepMeHeyTHHHa, He flocJiOBHa h aH annTHHHa, y M Horo B ehoj M epn aaBHCHa o a c y 6 jeKTHBHor h o o 6jeKTHBHor. y H>oj je H a ra acaK craBJbeH Ha jih HHOM HCKyCTBy, (J)eHOMeHOJIOIHKOj aMnJIHC})HKaHHjH H oTKpHB3H>y cHM6 oJiHHHe cyuiTHHe O H ora uiTO ce n p o -

MaTpa.
J o rn n a p p e iiH o apxeTHnoBHM a. Ilo m T O o H>HMa, a HMa h x H e6pqjeH O m h o iu tb o u i t o h h h h o b o y n e ib e UAypajiiiciUimKUM , He M0 * e M 0 yncTHHy HHUiTa p e h n , CT3BHTH HX y 3a6paH , 3 e(J)HHHCaTH HJIH KOHI^enTyajiH30B3TH, JiaK iue h x je carjiejjaB aTH K ao MeTacJ)ope h jih MauiTaTH o H>HMa. OflHocHO, caMH apxeTHnoBH H ac H aroH e fla k o p h c th m o je fla n HMarHHajiHH flncK ypc. Ma KaKo ro B o p n jiH o apxeTHnoBHM a, t o je yBeK np eB O ^e ib e c jeflHS M eTacj)ope Ha flp y ry . Tpe3B eH a 3aKJbyHHBaH>a y J io n m n , onepaijH O H ajrae fle^HHHi^nje y HayijH y HCToj MepH cy MeTacJ)opHHHa K a o h HHe npeflCTaBe K oje HCKa3yjy apxeT H noB e K ao o p ra H nCHXe, MHTCKe JIHKOBe, THnHHHe CTHJIOBe 6 h b c tb o B aiba h jih floMHHaHTHe cJ)3HTa3Hje K oje ynpaB Jbajy CBemhy. ,,Ilpey3eT H (HeKy) apxeTH ncK y nepcueK TH By y ncHXOJiorHjH BOflH Hac, CTora, pa3MaTpaH>y o c h o b h c np H p o fle h CKJiona flyuie Ha jeflaH HMarHHaTHBaH Hah h h h npeBacxoji,HOM npHCTynaH>y o c h o b h h m nHTaH.HM3 nCHXOJIOrHje nOCpeflCTBOM HMarHHaTHBHHX cpeflCTaBa . (Hillman, 1975., XIII).

APXETHIT SAPABJLE - BOJIECT

I lo n y T flp y rn x aKCHOMaTCKHx npBHx n p m m m ia , napaflnrM H h jih MOflejia (K ao iu t o cy: B o r , chbot, eH ep rH ja, flpyui(TBO, CMpT, jb y 6 aB, yMeTHOCT...),

120

121

naTO JiorH ja, S o jie c r h 3RpaBJbe HMajy yHHBep3ajiHH K apaK T ep y jbyflCKOM ncKycTBy, Te ynpaBO 3 6 o r npHfleBa ,,yHHBep3ajiHH MoaceMo h x carjieflaT H K ao a p x e THnoBe, t j . , ,,H ajfly6jbe o 6 p a c u ,e ncHXHMKor c[jyHKi;HOHHcaH>a (H illm a n , 1 9 7 5 .). Y k o jih k o h x cxBaTHMO K ao apxeT H noB e OHfla t o cjiyacn fla 6 h c m o HarjiacHJiH h>hxob KojieKuiuemi acneK T. IlpB O , apxeT H ncK a n e p cneKTHBa HaM o M o ry h aB a jja c a 6 e p e M o pa3H ojiHKa SKHBOTHa 36HBaH>a h a a y H>HMa oTK pnjeM o cM Hcao h fly6HHy K oja npeBa3HJia3H H am e nojeflHHaHHe HaBHKe, cxBaTan>a h jih yjflypM e. JU,pyro, OHa n o c n e m y je 3ajeduunapehbe, j e p h o b o r h y Be3y 36HBan>a y fl,yiiiH nojeflHHi^a c a floratjajH M a y K oja cy yKJbyqeHH cb h JbyflH c b h x BpeMeHa h n p ocT O pa. C a x e T o peMeHO, apxeT H ncK a nepcneK TH B a n o c n e m y je n cH x o jiouiK o p a 3yMeBaH.e Ha KOJieKTHBHoj paBHH. M a K oja Hfleja h jih mhh k o jh JbyflHMa ojiaK inaB a OTKpHBaibe CBpxe >KHBOTa h jih yK a3yje Ha H>eroBo Ha3HaMeH>e, flpyniM peMHMa, m hhh h> hxobc >KHBOTe ijHJbeBHTHM h CMHcaoHHM, je c T e pejiH rH 0 3 H 0 r KapaK Tepa. C T o ra h , H aH3rJie^ o6e36oaceH H h o6e3flym eH H x h b o t caB peM eH or MOBeKa o 6 n jiy je peJiHrnjcKHM HflejaMa h n o T p e6 aM a, aJiH 3a pa3JiHKy o a cB ojnx n p e ^aK a, MOBeK flaHamH>Hqe cB oje m o jih tb c y n y h y je p a 3hhm ,,H3MHMa , n p H M e u ih y je c e HHTepHeTOM, y HayijH HaJia3H o flro B o p e Ha nH Taiba c B o ra Ha3HaMeH>a h n o peK Jia, a ofl MeflHHHHe, n cH x o jio rH je h T e p a n n je OMeKyje BanJioheH>e U ap cT B a H e6 ecK o r Ha 3eMJbH h jih jeMCTBO BeMHOr 5KHBOT3. 3A paB Jbe je , CBaKaKo, p e jin ra jc K a Hfleja y Kojoj caBpeM eH o ApyuiTBo HaJia3H Moacfla noH ajB H m e HyM H H 03H0r H a6 o ja, h n p eM a KOMe HMa 6 o ro 6 o ja * jb H B noKJioHHMKH oflHoc. Ho h Kao CBe n p y r e BeJiHKe pejiHrn jcK e n p e^cT aB e h <paHiha3ujy 3flpaBJba o#p et}yje t o fla j e o h o ch m 6 o jih m k h H3pa3 ,,CBeTor K oje n p e ^ CTaBJba jeflHy MeTac{DH3HMKy, TpaHcu,eHAeHTajiHy CTBapHOCT. H 3 H3peMeHor MoaceMo H 3B ecT H c jie ^ e h e : upeo, n o n y T caM e p e JiH ra je h pejinrajcK H X Hfleja, c})HKijHja 3flpaBJba c e He M oxe h h noTBpflHTH h h t h

onoBprayTH; dpyo, 3flpaBJbe je ,,yHHBep 3a jm ja K oja ocMHHJJbaBa h ycMepaBa mobckob jk h b o t y H>eroBoj

cBeyKynHocTH (ncHXHMKoj, 6 n o jio m K o j, cou n jaJiH o j). P eneH O je3HKOM ncH xe, cBe mTO je yHHBep 3ajiHO, mTO oflpei)yje MOBeKa, o 6 jiHKyje H>eroBe pecjjjieKcaje, mhuubeH>e, npeflcTaBJbaH>e hjih fle jia ite , h m T o je, h c to BpeM eHo, He#0Ka3HB0, a oneT f le jia r a o je c T e apxe-

iUlUL IIomTO HHCaM BHHaH TeOJIOIHKHM H (JJHJIOCOCJ)ckhm cneKyjiat[HjaMa, Moje carjieflaBaH>e apxeTHncKe HAeje 3^paBJba je ncHXOJioiiiKo hjih, TaMHHje peMeHO, BotjeHo o a cTpaHe sym e. 3 6 o r Tora ce jom jeflaH n y T BpahaM apxeTHnoBHMa h MHTaoija ynyhyjeM Ha jeflHO h>hxobo cymTHHCKO CBojcTBO Koje je, HaacajiocT, Mec to 3aHeMapeHO hjih 06 e 3B pei)eH 0 . PeM je o H>nxoBoj uonapHociuu hjih cyzy6ociTiu. P acu,en HeKor apxeTHn a He oMHTaBa ce ucKJhyiinBO y (ncHxo)naTOJiomKHM paflH>aMa h craH>HMa HeKor nojeflHHu;a hjih rp y n e, Beh h y cxBaTaH>HMa, HflejaMa, KOHCTpyKTHMa y3HflaHHM y Harae (^HJiococJjcKe, TeojiomKe hjih HayHHe rpa^eBHHe. To je cjiyMaj ,h ca apxeTHncKHM npe^cTaBaMa 3ApaBJba h 6oJiecrji; yM ecro fla hx carJiejjaBaMO Kao UejiHHy, Kao apxeuiuu 3paejbe - ojieciu, mh hx onaJKaMO KaO HeMHpJbHBe CynpOTHOCTH, Ofl Kojnx je CBaKa CMpTHa npeTH>a oHoj flpyroj, ajiH 6e3 MHjer oncTaHKa hh H>oj caMoj HeMa cHBOTa. MoaceMO jih ^ecJjHHHcaTH 3flpaBJbe, a fla y noMoh He n030BeM0 6oJiecT, cxBaTaMO jih 6oJiecT 3pyraMHje ho Kao oflcyCTBO 3^paBJba? OffHOCHO, CJIHMHO >KHBOTy H CMpTH, 3ApaBJbe je npeycjiOB 6oJiecTH h o ^ p a ra o , n p e T n o cTaBKa 3^paBJba je 6ojiecT. H a KojHM npeTnocTaBK aM a h np eflcraB aM a noMHBa ,,3flpaBJbe h KaKo oho 6paHH h oflpacaBa CBoj HyMHH03HH cTaTyc? Be3 o63Hpa fla jih ra 0flp ei)y je M 0 ca CTaHOBHmTa dpyuiiuea (npn MeMy ce 3flpaBHM nojjpa3yMeBa oho noHamaH>e Koje boah o 6 p o 6 h th 3ajeflHHi^e) hjih jeduH K e (y obom cjiyMajy 3flpaBJbe hjih HopMajiHOCT 6nBajy carjieflaHH Kao onTHMyM pacTa h cpehe HHAHBHfl;yp), 3flpaBjbe y cthmkhm, MeflHijHH-

122

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ckhm

h jih

ncH X O JioniK H M yHeH>HMa, H a jM e u ih e

6HBa

cxBaheHO y upou,etbueaHKOM cMHcuy, Kao yKa3HBaii oflroBapajyher, aanTHBHor h j ih Ha MaKaKaB HaHHH, ocTBapeHor acejbeHor cTaH>a. CTora c e necTO Kao c h HOHHMH 3flpaBJba Cpehy H3pa3H HOpMaJIHOCT H np n jiaro^aBaH>e. H o obo eBajiyaTHBHO ORpei)eH>e 3flpaB J ta ( h H o p M a jiH o c T H ) n p e flC T a B J ta K O H u en T , JiHHrBH-

ncpjapna, T j., H f le je 3paB Jba, 3 p a B C T B e H e n o jiH T H K e , npeBeHitHje, M e H T a jiH e X H r n je H e H e n p e f l C T a B J b a jy H H U iT a f l p y r o flo h o b h o 6 j i h k cpTBonpHHoc k h x H f le ja h 3 f lp a B J b e o n c T a j e H a n c H x o j i o r H j H

u ie e H o l

r n e i b a 3 J i o r , n p j b a B o r , H H tf> e p H o p H o r / H H t |) e p a j i H o r , f la K J ie o jiH M e H o r y 4 > aH T a 3 H jH 6 o j i e c T H B Jb e - f l o 6 p a

h

n a T O J io rn je .

cTHHKy KOHBeHi^njy Koja JiaKo 6 r a a 3JioynoTpe6ji>eHa ynpaBO 36or Tora h ito He 3H3MO H a uiTa ce CBe oflHocH. PenHMO, n H T a i t e : IIlTa m h h h 3flpaBJbe? He m o jk c ce cxBaTHTH Kao MHH>eHHMKO nHTaHbe. Beh, y Haj6ojbeM cJiyMajy, Kao n H T a i t e o KOHBeHijHOHajiHOM oflpei)eH.y. H jih H a nHTaiie: KaKO flohn flo onTHMajiHor MeHTaJiHor 3flpaBJba?, MO*eMO flaTH oflroBOp CaMO nOIHTO CMO npeTX O flH O flpyUITBeHHM / ecHacJjcKHM K0HceH3yc0M o/],peflHJiH H iT a nofl h >h m
iioApa3yM eBaM o.
n p e jiH C T a M O j i h 6 h j i o K o jy c a B p e M e H y JiHCTy K p H T e p n ja H o p M a j m o c T H ( n o n y T : o n u i T H K a n a ijH T e T n p H J ia r o t) a B a H .a , K an a u ;H T e T caM o rp aT H cjD H K auH je, c n 0 C06 H 0 CT H3BO^eH>a y n o r a y M ei)yjbyflC K H M o a h o CH M a, H H T e jie K T y a jiH e c n o c o 6 H ocT H , eM OTHBHa h m o THBai^HOHa K O H TpO Jia, p a 3 6 o p H T H / CJIOBeCHH CT3BOBH
n p e M a flp y rH M a , npoflyK TH B H O C T, ayT O H O M H ja, 3 p e j i a

H a iu B jepyjy rjia c n : ,,CBe u i t o n o c n e u iy je 3flpaxpaH a, f l o 6 p u jie K O B H , f l o 6 p a T e p a n H j a ,

f l o 6 p o H a c j i e t ) e , f l o 6 p e H a B H K e, f l o 6 a p c e K c - M o p a M o

n p n c a j eflHHHTH, npncBojHTH h / h j i h K y jiT H B H c a T H ; a

c B e u i t o B O flu 6 o j i e c T H - o T p o B H , M H K p o 6 n , 3 a r a l ) e H > e ,

Jio u ie H a c j i e ^ e , pi)aB e H a B H K e - M o p a 6 h t h o f l c T p a H>eHO h jih o6ecxpa6peH O . O ncT aH aK n p e f lC T a B e

3 flp a B J b a n o M H B a H a 6 p o jH H M M exaH H 3M H M a o f l 6 p a H e ,

H ajM eiuhe o h h m (i^ e n a ite , o 6 e 3 B p e i) H B a H > e , n p o j e K T H B H 3 H fle H T H (j)H K a iJH ja, ap x eT H n cK e h jih

npHMHTHBHa

H f le a jI H 3 a i^ H ja ,

n o p H i ^ a i b e ) K o j e f ly 6 riH C K a n c n x o j i o r H j a 0 3 H a M a B a K a o

npHMHTHBHe.

3 6 o r T o r a c M a T p a M f la

j e f l H a n c H X O J io n iK a a H a jiH 3 a 3 f l p a B j b a M o p a y K jb y M H t h , a K o H e h o T noM eT H , y n p a B o o fl o H o r a i h t o je h h (f> e p H 0 p H 0 , 3a3H peM o. 3 f lp a B J b a . H a u iT a ce 6 a ija M O K aM eH O M , o fl M e ra

t o jd

6oneciu ,

B eM H T a c e H K a h c a 6 p a T

P a c i^ e n jb e H H a p x e T H n ( y H a u i e M c jiy M a jy 3 f l p a B J b e - 6 o j i e c T ) j e n p eT e u iK O 6 p e M e 3 a

H H T erp n caH O C T , novK eibH H cTaBOBH n p e M a BJiacTHTOM C aM C T B y), B H fleheM O fla y n o T p e 6 jb eH H H 3 p a 3 H o T e ji o B J b y j y 6 p o jH e K y jiT y p o jio u iK e B peflH O C T H , f l a cy

HHflHBHflyajiHy

Ja cB ecT . Jb y flC K a
3 H jy c y M e jb e H H x

n c n x a p o n h y h H h n o c p h y h H h o c h T eH -

cynp0TH0CTH.

n o u iT O

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Jb y 6 e

yfleH yT H y pa3JiH M H T e eTHMKe c u c T e M e , H e3aB H C H e 03 n c H X O Jio rH je , fla n p o n c T H M y H 3 pa3JiHMHTHX n e p c n e K THBa K ojH M a j e 3ajeflH H M K o T p a r a i b e 3 a o flro B o p H M a
H a n H T a ib a : I I lT a m h h h a o

j a c H o h y , H eflB 0C M H C JieH 0C T , p a 3 J iy M e H o c T , o H a n o K y u i a B a j y fla 3 6 a i j e h c m h j i h T O B ap - c B o j y y H y T p a u i i b y a M 6 H B a jie H i^ H jy . n o p H B 3 a p a 3 J iy M H B a ib e M BOflH i j e naH >y a p x e T H n a , noTH C H yT y

6a p * h b o t ? , K a K O A o h n

npH M eM y je f la H H > e ro B n o j i 6 n B a
H acT aB Jba cB oj

flo c p e h e y * h b o t v ? . H a f l a j b e , 6 h j i o k o M O * e npnro B o p H T H n o c T o j e h H M K p H T ep n jy M H M a h j i h M o * e c a M
n o H y flH T H f l o ^ a T H e y c J i o B e , c x o flH O C B o jo j o M H jb e H o j

HecBecHO r f l e

jk h b o t,

H e p e T K o n p o y 3 p o K y j y h H h c h x h m k h h / h j i h T e jie c H H n o p e M e h a j , h j i h n a K 6 H B a n p o je K T O B a H y c n o jb a u iH > H

n e p c n e K T H B H . JejjH O j e cnrypHO, eped n o cH ii M O fleji y KOMe j e 3 flp a B Jb y n p H n n c a H a y H H B e p 3 aJiH a BpeflHOCT, H C T O B p eM eH O T p a * H c a ^ p a c a j h j i h n p e flC T a B y c a K o jo M h e c e cpaB H H T H , 6 h t h n p o ije ib e H O h , noT O M , o flp e tje H O K a o c y n e p n o p H O h H a flM o h H O . n o n y T h h h x p e J i H r n j-

cB eT . A p y r n n o j i 6 H B a H H T e r p n c a H y

Ja C B e cT ,

n o c T a je

c a f lp a c a j JiH M H o r H fle H T H T e T a h j i h H 3 p a c T a y H f le jy K o j a
n o n p H M a H yM H H 03H H K a p a K T e p h 6 n B a n p n x B a h e H a K a o H f l e ja BOflHJba r n n p e 3 a je flH H ii;e h e n o x e . 3 a H a c j e 6 o j i e c T ,,c e H K a 3 f lp a B J b a , H .eH t h x h , 3 j i o k o 6 h h n p a -

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THJiau h npo ro H H Jiau . C T o ra cy nypHT3HH3aM h n a p a HOH^Ha cyMH>HHaBocr HHxepeHTHH c a flp * a jH 3flpaBjfca h 3flpaBcTBeHe noJiHTHKe. JHeBCTBeHa MHCTOTa 3 p aBJia o im p e c e cbhm HeMHCTohaMa, MeiuaHjHMa, n p o *HMaH>HMa, n p o 6 ojHMa K oje ynHTaBa y aKTHBHoCTHMa C B o ra cynapHHKa, a n o iiiT o je HMarHHaJiHo yBeK BHHiecMHCJieHO, ceHOBHTo, noH eK afl MycaBO, H eyrJieflh o , cM euia cBeTJior h TaM Hor, (J)Hrype h no3aflHHe, (J)aHTa3Hje h onaacaH>a, OHfla je npeflCTaBa 3ApaBJba h H3 H>e H3BefleHa 3flpaBCTBeHa noJiHTHKa, TeJiecH a h MeHTaJiHa XHrnjeHa, cyuiTHHCKH aHiuuuMaiuHa/iHa. J],eBCTBeH0CT iflpaB Jba y o T n o p y je n peM a cjaaHTajHjckom , h A orofl 33paBJi>e n 0HCT0B ehyjeM 0 ca jk h b o to m , AoGpHM, HOpM3JIHHM, HenOpeMeheHHM, JIOrHHHHM (JIorOCOM?), HCnpaBHHM, c a HOpMOM (T 3 MHO H3Mepeh h m ), a 6 o jiecT c a C M phy, 3 jih m , uaTOJiouiKHM, 60 jiom , H ecpehoM , naTH>OM, nopeM eheH H M , rpeniHHM , npjbaBHM HJIH a 6 HOpMaJIHHM, HeMa IjejIOBHTOCTH H M oryhHocTH 3a n p e o 6 p a x a j . H o 3flpaBO h h h c t o M ory 6 h t h 3flpaBCTBeHa xnrH jeH a caMO o k n o c T o jn H euiTo u i t o onaacaM O K ao c y n p 0TH0 CT - B oJiecT ; T aiiHHje p e iieH o, n p jb aB o , n aT o jio u iK o h 6 ojiecH o MHHe MoryhHM n o c T o ja ib e m h c to p h 3flpaB or. K aflro fl jeflHocMepHH n p a B a i; Bjiajja c b c ch h m s c h b o to m ( y HameM c jiy iia jy 3flpaBJbe) y HecBecHOM ce KOHCTejiHiue cynpoT H a no3Hu,Hja ( 6 o j ie c r ) , K oja ce npBO^HTHO H cnojbaB a y KOMen>y cB ecH or CTBapaiba, a floijHHje y npeK H y CBecHor n p aB ija (Jung, CW 6, 4 2 6 .) CnoMeHyTH ncHXOJiouiKH ,,3aK O H 3B3HH eHaHTHOflpoMHja HMa, n o p e iiHMa H > e ro B o r T B opna K. T. Jy H ra , nofljeflH aK o KOMHHaH h TparHHaH acneK T. H>ero B a TparHKOMHHHOCT c e , H3Mei)y o c T a Jio r, o r jie ^ a y TOMe i u t o n o c T a je caM c e 6 n i jh jl, flp aceh n cy npoT CTaBJbeHe noJioB e y b c m h to m HecKJiafly h t 'jk h h 3 a jeflaH HaflBJiaaa A p y ro ra . noHOBjbHBa n r p a c y n e p n o p H o r h HHcj)epHopHor H3p a x a B a c e h y HauiHM CTHJioBHMa MHiuJbeH>a. I l p e Ma yHeH>y, H a a c a jio cr 3anocT aB JbeH or BejiHKaHa fly6 h h c k c n cH x o jio rH je, A . A jjjie p a , y n p a B o 36o r o c e -

: haH>a HecHrypHocTH h HH(j)epHopHocTH m h cTBapaM o MeHuiajiue KOHciupyKule, He 6 h jih , n o M o h y h>hx, OBa ocehaH >a ffpxaJiH noR k o h tp o jio m . T h KOHcrpyKTH cy H aiu e pyKOBOflehe cj)aHTa3Hje h jih (j)HKijHje, o a h o c h o cpeflCTBa noH M aH >a cBeTa. H 3 a OBe HeypoTCKe 3auiTHTe c ro jH aHTHTeTHHKO MHiujbeH.e K oje n e jia n o npHHUHny cynpoTHocTH. O h o h i t o yncTHHy y n p a B jb a HaniHM cHBOTHMa h jjo>KHBJfeaBaibHMa cy n o jia p n 30BaHe (j)HKijHje (nonyT: ja K o /c jia 6 o , *eHCK 0/MymK 0 , 3ApaB 0/ 60JiecH 0 , np H p o aa/K y jiT y p a h cji.) HaM ecTO fla npH3Ha 6 HceKcyajiHocT peajiH O C T H h jih u c h x h h k h XepMacj)pOflHTH3aM CTBapHOCTH, HeypOTHlIHH HOBeK AaHamibHi^e nocpeacrB O M aHTHTeTHHKor M H iujbeiba, K oje HHje h h y lieMy M aibe MarnjcKO h o M H iujbeibe ,,npHMHTHBHor HOBeKa, A onapaB a c e 6 n p e a JiH o c T K ao CKyn ancTpaKTHHx ijojiapH ocTH K oje M ory 6 h t h cBefleHe Ha cynpOTHOCTH MyiHK0 ->KeHCK0 . H apaBHO, o h o u i t o y p a c n o jiy h e H o j cH3HrHjH b h ah m o /m h cjih m o K ao xeH C K o, HCTOBpeMeHO je no rp eu iH O , HH(j)epHopHO h 6 oJiecH o. J\a jih je yu,ejioBjbaBaH>e 3flpaB jba h 6 o j i c c t h mor y h e h HyacHo? Q ro B o p je npcK o noTBpAaH y 0 6 a cjiyH aja, h o y c e 6 ncaAp>KH h HeKa orpaH H H eiba. n p B o , peM j e o ucuxojiouiK oj , a He o h to jio u ik o j' Hy*HocTH h jih eTHHKOM HMnepaTHBy; p,pyro, yu;ejioBJbaBaH>e je ocTBapHBo Ha u M a iu H a jiH o j paBHH. A jih , uiT a je t o i u t o M O *e fla ia u e jiH TparHKOMHMHH p a c ije n 6 ojiecTH h 3flpaBjba. cMpTH h acHBOTa? n p e M a B eh ycTajbeHOM o 6 pacu,y Ay6 HHCKe ncHXOJiorHje (ijapcKH nyT y HeCBecHO cy c h o b h - C. O pojA , h jih v ia r e g i a y HecBecHO cy KOMnjieKCH - K.T. JyHr, npHM. B. B. nonoBHh) o flro B o p e T p e 6 a noTpaacHTH y OHOMe u i t o j e u n c p e p u o p u o , a He cynepH 0pH0 . O a h o c h o , 3ApaBJbe ce o x o jio fly p n h jih , naK, napaH onflH o y3MHiie n p e jj cbojHM napibaKOM . B oJiecT , c flp y re CTpaHe, He n o K a 3y je nypHTaHCKe Te*H>e h h t h HapijHCTHMKy caMOflOBOJbh o c t , h c r o r a je H auie HMarHHaJiHo npeT paacH B aibe ycMepeHO K a 6 o Jie c T H , ch m u to m h m 3 h n a T O J io rH jn .

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EOJIECT
B o J ie c T , n p e c B e r a , n o c p e f l y j e H 3 M ei)y a a iB O T a h CMpTH h TaKO n peA C T aB Jb a H a m e u c u m h c k o H a c n e ^ e . J],OBOJbaH j e JieTHM HHaH n o r j i e fla 6 h c m o cxB aTH JiH fla c e j k h b o t , n o c p e a c T B O M 6 o Jie c T H , 3 a B p m a B a / n o B e 3 y je ( c a ) c M p h y . Ho, H>eHa p e / i u z u j c K a (pyH K U ,uja ( r e - li g a r e - JiaT . H3HOBa n o B e 3 a T H ) o iiH T aB a c e y y r a p a H .y n y T a K a T p a H c ije H fle H ip tjH - 6 o J ie c T BOflH C M p ra a jiH h M o r y h e M B a c K p c y . C B ojH M n p H T y x : 6 a M a , 3 a M o p o M , 6 o ji o m , n a p a -

K aK O o p ra H C K e , TaKO h ncH X H M K e n p o i j e c e h o 6 jiH K y je

iiejiOKynHH o 6 p a 3 a u acHBOTa (Groddeck, 1966.). U lT a B H m e , 6 o ji e c T o K o jo j c e M a m T a , ajiH h 6 o ji e c T K o ja c a M a (J>aH T a3H pa yB eK H M a H HTeH iiH O H ajiH H K a paK T ep. ,,3 a M eH e n H T a ib e n c n x o r e H e 3 e ( 6 o j i e c r a ) H e
n o c ro jH . B o jiecT j e 3HaK acHBOTa, h naK HajcjiaBHHjn yHeH>au,H H e 3 H a jy HiimTa o y 3 p o i^ H M a H>eHor HacTaHKa, h h c t o TaKO M ajio o y3poip[M a H>eHor HecTaHKa. O TOMe c e Moace caM O (paH uia3upauiu ... 6 o j i e c r HHje 3 jio n o c e 6 n B e h yB eK c m h c b o h h n p o i j e c h HepeTKO n o K p eh e c H Jie K o je c y jeflH H O f l e J i a r a e y KOHTeKCTy
H a f lp y r o M M e c T y (Groddeck, O flH o c H o , 6 o J i e c T H c y y M a ib o j M e p n n p 0 H 3 B 0 f l o c o 6 e H o r n o H a m a i b a K o je j e 3 f lp y * e H O c o flp e lje H H M (iUKOflJbHBHM) areH C H M a H o 6jeK T H M a, KOJIHKO HaHH-

JIH30M, A H a p e o M , 6 o jie c T Hac B yne HaflOJie ( h j i h 6 a p e M n pH K H B a 3 a n o cT ejb y ), mhhh 6e c n o M o h H H M h H eaK thbhhm , aJiH H aflacB e c y 3 6 n j a H a m y ro p a o c T , o x o j i o c t
H a m e JbyacKe H fle a jiH 3 a ijH je . U ,p y ra H H je p e n e H o , 6 o J ie c T noflCTHM e o c B e m h H B a ib e H a m n x KOMnJieKca, 6 h j i h o h h 3 apo6jbeH H y T ejiy h j i h c a flp a c a H H y it c h x h h k h m n p e flC T a B a M a . H a m a HHcjjep n o p H a c T p a H a , O T e jio T B o p e H a y 6 e c n o M o h H o c T H , 6 e 3Hafle>KHocTH, n o B p a h a C B ojy B a * H o c T K p o 3 6 o J ie c T . n o T H C H y T a jby6aB h j i h a r p e c n j a H e K a fla c e M o r y j e -

6 o j i e c r a , flO fla je T p o fle K

1977).

h H a p iiH 3 a M , o flH o c H o , B p a h a Hac y OKBHpe, H enoflC T H H yhH rpaHflH03He

Ha h n y T e B a H a K o jn Qe T a n o H a m a i b a o flB H ja jy . n p n M ep n ije, H e K o r a flpacaBHHKa K o jn j e floacHBeo cpnaH H y f l a p H H je y r p o 3 H J ia H > e ro B a nojiHTHMKa K a p n j e p a h p y K 0B0t)eH>e, k o j i h k o cK p H B eH a C T p e n ib a h f le c n o r a 3aM H a T o n jb e H H M pacibO M K o jn , y n p K o c x p n m h a H c k o m o c e h a H > y n p a B f le , 6 n B a jy c 0 M a r a 3 0 B a H H r y m e h n My c p u e . B o j i e c T n o c T a B J b a p a n u u ^ e H am H M

flHHO HcnojbHTH

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u ie n u ,u ja jiu M a , K o jn c y c a CTaHOBHiHTa H a n m x o x o j i h x Ja h xyM aH H 3M a 6 e3 rp aH H M H H . M o>KeM O MaK p e h n fla n o c T a je M O 3 flp a B H jn K a f la cmo 6 o jie c H H , j e p j e H a f l y r e C T a3 e 3 flp a B J b e H eH 3 flp x H B O .

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h a M o B e h y o flr o B o p H o c T fla r a t b k b h m o flp acH M o . H H ^ J i a ij H j a j i h m h o c t h , K o ja n o je flH H i^ a h h h h o 6 y 3 e th m

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Ha npeflCTaBH C M p ra yneHaTJbHBHja j e h ocHOBHHja h o CBecT K oja noMHBa Ha HflejH acHBOTa. Y k o jih k o ce ApiKHMO <E>p0jA0Be MHCJIH: II,HJt aCHBOTa j e CMpT , oH ^a je n c H x o jio rn ja K oja ro B o p n o caM oaKTyajiHsai^Mjn, HHflHBHflyaijHjn h jih HacTajaH>y M Horo BHiue oflpeijeH a o h h m u i t o flojia3H - cM phy, h o o h h m u i t o je y nojia3H uiT y - c h b o to m . C jih h h o f j e M HUiJbeita XHJIMaH: ,,y HeKOM CMHCJiy CMpT j e M Horo CTBapHHja H ero p a fja ib e , je p cy c b h n o n e ijH H3a Hac. CMpT je H enocpeflH o npncyTHa, j e p TpeHyTaK CMpTH Moace 6 h t h 6 h jio k o jh TpeHyTaK, h c b 3 k h TpeHyTaK je TpeHyTaK 3a n p e o 6 p a a c a j fly u ie, K oja >khbh Kpo3 yM H paibe... H e nocTojn KaKO" y h n y s k h b o t, ajiH n o c T o jn ,,KaKo y h n y cM pT1 1 (Hillman, 1995., 136.) K p o 3 p a n e h 6ojiecTH m h noHHHbeMO fla chbhm o H auie yMHpaH>e h c m p t, jja yi^ejioBJbyjeM o > k h b o t h c m p t. y M e c r o anojioH H jcK e ropflocT H , HaflMeHocTH h noH oCHTor n p a c a ib a HyH HaM c e xpHiuhaHCKO H o m eib e KpcTa - n o c p h y h n , y3flHiuyhH, noBHjeHHX Jiei)a - n y T flo B acK p ca BOflH n p e K o T o j i r o T e . y 0B0Me K.T. JyHr BHflH ijHJb aHajiH3e: n a ijn je H T He T p e 6 a a a HayiiH KaKo fla c e o c jio 6 o f lH CBoje H eypo3e, B eh KaKo fla je HOCH (Jung, CW 10,1964).

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M H rp eH 0 3 H H fla TKHBa HJIH K pB H e CyflOBe H3BOpHO 6 HJIO H aM eib eH O ,,aT au(H M a H a 6 jiHacH>e o k o H ac ? K o j i h k o c y 6 ojiH H i^e M ecT a

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0 M 0 r y h a B a j y o T B a p a i b e B e ji H K o r 6 p o j a p a flH H X M e c T a h y M H 0 3 c a B a jy p y a c H H y n p o 4 > e c H O H a jiH H x n o M a r a n a , K o j n 3 a y 3 B p a T f l e 6 e j i o H a n j i a h y j y 3 a C B o jy CBe p a c n a p n a H H jy h c n e ijH ja JiH 3 0 B a H y o 6 y K y .

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130

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,IJok c e 3 flp a B J b e o flJiH K y je apncT O K paT C K H M ^ p a c a ib e M , AOTJie j e 6 o ji e c T Jie a c e p H O d e M O K p a iu c K a . E Io u i t o 3A paB C T B eH a n o JiH T H K a, M eflH ipiH C K a H C T p aatH BaH>a h p a 3 B o j M eflHijHHCKe T e x H O Jio rH je T p a a c e 6 a c h o c j i o b h o 6 oraT C T B O (a n a p a H H K afla a o b o j b h o ) , 3 A p aB Jb a HMa TaM O r f le HM a H O B aija. H M y h H a ApyuiTBa h 6 o r a T H nojeA H H i^H K aK o hm 3 a n a flH e .

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je flH o j H A ejn 3A paB C T B eH e n o jiH T H K e - paHiua3uju 3 d p a e c iiie e H o u p o p e c a h j i h 0 H 0 r u i t o HeM aHK H n c n x o c o M a T H ii a p P n x T e p H a3H B a ,,6 o x a H C K H M K O M njieK c o m (H aB eA eH O n p e M a B r a c h le r , 1 9 8 6 ., 8 ) .

C bccho h j i h H ecB ecH O o6a n p a B ij a pa3Boja MeAHijHHe cBoje (J)aHTa3HjcKe H3Bope H M ajy y Ae ji y neM a H K o r H ayH H H K a IIIajiMajepa (S ch a llm ay e r), KojH je AajieKe 1903. roAHHe, npe Po3eH 6epra h Te6ejica, nncao o pacHoj A e r e H e p a ip ijH h re H e T H ii,H . Y cBojoj KH>H3H H acjie^e h c e jie K i^ n ja - h>hxob c o i j h o j i o u i k h h nojiH T H H K H 3Hanaj (1 9 0 3 ), 3 a J i a r a o ce 3 a o p raH C K O caBpmeHCTBO H O B enaH C T B a, noce6Hye Kpo3 TejiecHO h Ayx0BH0 npoHHiuhaBaH>e re p M a H C K e pace ( b h a h k o a S ch ipperges, 1968.). CaBpeMeHa reHeTCKa HCTpaxHB a ib a h yM HCTpaacHBana ( y nocjieA H > H X nap roAHHa 0 C0K0jb eH H JiH 6 ep aJiH H M 3aKOHHMa y C A J l h HeKHM A p y rH M 3 e M Jb a M a, KojHMa ce noA CTH Hy reH eT C K a HCTpaacHBaH>a h K JiO H H p aib e, 3 a ca^a, A eJio B a JbyA C K or o p r a H H 3M a ) HAy 6pa3AOM K o jy je 3aopao IIIajiMajep.
PyKOBOAehn ce n o T p e 6 oM Aa ce CBe HacjieAHe

J\a

He 6 h x

H e n o T p e 6 H o u iH p n o n p H T iy . A P * a h y c e B Jia c T H T o r, a H e P n x T e p o B o r T y M al i e i b a c n o M e H y T e < J > a H T a 3 H j e . A p acH M , A aK Jie, Aa c e y H a p e n e H o j cjDHKijHjH K p n je c ji e A e h n H ayM : U a p c T B o B o a c n j e M o r y h e j e o cT B ap H T H OBAe H a 3eM JbH . B o j i e c r a , MaK h CMpT, 6 n h e n o 6 e t) e H H CaMO yKOJIHKO AOBOJbHO M apJbH B O H TeM eJbH T O H C T paa c y je M o B H T ajiH e n p o i j e c e . 3 A p a B J b e H a u ie H a c y u iH o A aj H aM A aH ac...H H e yBeAH H a c y 6 o j i e c r , h o H 36aB H H a c o a C M pT H . E H T y 3 H ja 3 a M ,,ja T p o T e x H H H K e MeAUu,HHe ( K o ja HOBeKa c a r jie A a B a K a o T e ji o , a o p ra H H 3 a M JiH iueH H M acHBOTHHx CHJia, aTOMHCTHHKH y c T p o j e H o r K a o TeXHHHKH (J)yHKI^HOHHUiyhH o6jeKT, KOjH c e M o a c e A H cei^H paT H h / h j i h M a H H n y jin c a T H ; n p H M . B . B . E lo n o B H h ) , H H jn B je p y jy j e HCKJbyi iH B o y T e x H O Jio rH jH , c M a T p a A a c e MeAHi^HHa M o a c e p a3 B H j b t h y ABa n p a B ij a K o ja h e o 6 e 3 6 e A H T H n o 6 e A y n p H H i^ n n a acH BO Ta: n p B H n p a B a i^ THHe c e reH eT C K e T e x H O Jio rH je h T ex H H K a p e n p o A y K ijH je , A p y r u - n p o A y a c aB a H > a jb y flC K o r acH BO Ta T p a H c n J ia H T a ^ a jo M o p r a H a h j i h ibHXOBOM 3aM eH O M M au iH H aM a.

6onecTH noTpy, reHeTHHap Xo6om (H o b o m , 1985.) nHiue: ,,A6opTyc je JiorHHKa KOHceKBeHi^a npeHaTajiHe AnjarHocTHKe tb m o r ^ e ce OTKpHjy reHeTCKH Ae(JjeKTH... JeAHa KOHceKBeHna npeHaTajiHe AujarHOCTHKe jec T e...n o c T e n eH a npoM eH a CTaBa ApyuiTBa n p e M a

pof)eH>y xeHAHKeilHpaHor AeTeTa - npeM a AeTeTy h H>eroBHM poAHTejbHMa nofljeAHaKO. fla Xo6om ob HayM He ocTaH e HejacaH , nojauiibeibe HaJia3HMo y rjracoBoj (G lass) npHCTynHoj 6eceAH 3a npeAceAHHKa AMepHHKor ApyuiTBa 3a HayHHH HanpeAaK: ,,Y 6yAyhHOCTH HHjeAaH poAHTeib H e h e H M a T H n p a B a Aa o n T e p e h y je ApyuiTBO H3o6nHHeHOM h jih h a h o tc k o m Aei^OM (b h a h k o a K ayser, 1982.). JlaKJie, 3ApaBJbe h 3 f l p a B C T B e H a nojiHTHKa noHHBajy Ha (J)aHTa3Hjn pacHe H fleojiorH je. IIIto je joiu BaacHHje, y o c h o b h OBe 4>HKU,Hje Kpnje ce jeflH a HHBep3Hja: 3flpaBJbe HHje BHiue Ha cTpaHH > k h b o t3 , a 6ojiecT y3 6 o k c m p th , cafla je 3flpaBJbe y c j i y * 6 H CMpTH, a 6 ojiecT y cjiyac 6 n acHBOTa. H e pa^H jih ce oBAe o nepB epTH paH oj npeA CT3BH BaCKpca - Kp03 CMpT AO CHBOTa, npH HeMy H O B 3 3anoB ecT rjia c u : y6njaj Aa 6 h 06 e3 6 eflH 0 (c e 6 n ) BeHHH 5KHBOT.

132

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J J a i o i e , 6 o jie c T h n a T O J io r a j a BOfle o d H a p i p c r a H K o r cxB aT aH >a 3flp a B J b a , a e r a c c a B p e M e H e M eflHi^HHe M y y T H p e n y T . H e K O o fl B ac, M o a c e m h yn y T H T H c j i e f l e h e nH TaH >e: ,,Y p e f l y , c Jia * ;e M c e fla H eK a c a B p e M e H a cTaH O B H O iTa M eflH ijH H e h n c H x o jio r H j e , nop H H y h H n a T O J io r n jy h 6 o j i e c T , a HCTOBpeM eHO H fle a jm 3 y jy h n 3A p a B Jb e . B o fle H ai^H ^H K ai^H jH 3 flpaB C T B eH e n o jiH T H K e. A j i h , 3 a p H e m o j k c m o p e h n h c j i e f l e h e : flOK r o j j H M a 6 o JiecT H h m b h n o T p e e fla j e H CK opeH>yj e M o ? O f l r o B o p j e c J i e f le h n : H CK opeH H M o j i h ( # a j i h j e t o y n c T H H y M o r y h e h n o T p e 6 H O ?) 6 o jie c T , o c T a j e HaM 3flpaB Ji>e, a jiH K aK B o ? H a T o n j t e H o r p e x o M i ie f l 0 M 0p CTBa, c a h c k ^ c t b o m K O H ijJ io r o p c K o r p a3 B p c T a B a H > a H a n o f l o 6 H e h H e n o f lo 6 H e. H a f l a j t e , n o 6 e f la 3 flp a B J b a j e K a o c B a K a A p y r a n o 6 e f la - H e 3 a ja s a b H B a h O M aM Jty j y h a . n o 6 e n a TpasK H h o b h H 3a3 0 B h HOBy n o 6 e j(y . U lT a j e n p e f lC T o je h n ii h jb ? Y B e h a i t e s jjp a B J b a , K B aJiH TeT H H je 3 flp a B J b e , ja;yroBeMHHjH * h b o t . y c n e iH H H jH k j i o H OBH...? H aH O B O h e H eiH TO nOCT3TH HH(|epHOpHO. Orora, flpacHM O c e 6 o jie c T H h naTOjiorHje, flOK j e h > hx HMa h 3auiTHTe o fl MeflHUiHHCKor / T e p a i r a j c K o r nypH T aH H 3M 3 KOjH BOflH p a C H o j HHCTOTH. B o ji e c T , MHoro BHiiie h o 3 flp a B J b e , apacn ^o c k o n o i u j e . He 3a 6 opaB H M O , n p n p o f l a t o k h H yjiTO M y B e h a n > y n o n y j i a i j H j e , OTVfla c e 6 o jie c T oflJiHKyje e K o j i o u i k o m c a e i u h y , iiH M e c e 3flpaBJi>e H e M o x e n o f lH h h t h . Hfleja 3 flp a B Jb a yB eK j e a H T p o n o ij e H T p H H H a ,

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napaflOKcaJiHocT apxeTHnoBa oraefla ce y TOMe u ito je jeflHOM pacnojiyheHH apxeTHn h flajbe apxeTHn. A k o je flo npoMeHe y H>eMy h flouiJio, OHfla je OHa caflpacaHa y TOMe u ito cy H>eroBH, H3BopHo cjihbchh, nojioBH pa3flBojeHH h ofl Tafla Ha flajbe onaaceHH, flo*HBJbeHH hjih npeflcraBJbeHH Kao HenoMHpjbHBe cynpoTHocTH, ofl Kojnx je jeflaH yseK cynepHopaH, a flpyrn HHcJjepnopaH. O ho u ito ce, npHJiHKOM ije n a ita hjih aHTHTeTHHKor carjieflaBaH>a apxeTHna, ry6n H3 BHfla je H>eroBa infirm itas (cJia 6 ocT). Y bck je HHcjjepnopHH noji orapaBJbeH, a cynepnopHH fleBCTBeHO h h c t h 3flpaB. ApxeTHnoBH ce yBeK, Ha cpehy, ojihU0TB0pyjy Kao MHTCKe npeTene hjih 6 o)KaHCTBa, npn neMy cBaKor ofl h>hx Kpacn OBaKBa hjih OHaKBa naT o jio r n ja . Hnje HCKJbVHHBo CaTaHHHa XHMepHHKa npnpofla naTOJiouiKa, Beh h HcycoBa. HcnouiheHor JiH^a, n p e 6 njeHHX ijeBamma, n p o 6 ypaaceHHX p e 6 apa, OKpBaBJbeH, npHKOB3H 3a KpCT H MpT3B, XpHCTOC HHje HHiUTa Maibe 6 ojiecHa npeflcraBa ho H>eroB anoKpncj)hh cTapnjn 6paT. HaKJie, aKO cb3kh ,,npBoo6pa3au; (apxeTHn) h o c h y cp 6 n concTBeHH HHcjDHpMHTac, concTBeHy HH(|)epHopHy, o 6 orajbeHy, o 6 aMpjiy cTpaHy, 6 oJiecT h naTOJiorHjy, oHfla naTOjiouiKo Tpe 6 a Tpajk h th y caMOM to m apxeTHny, a He y H >er0B 0M npoKaaceHOM h 0fl6 aHeH0M noJiy. Bnrne heMO HayMHTH o xpHiuhaHCKoj naTojiornjH rjieflajyhn y XpncTa, CHHa Boacnjer, h o y CaTaHy. KaKBe Be3e obo HMa ca tcm om naTOjiorHje, 6ojiecTH h 3flpaBJba? JJo cafla caM HH(J)epHopHy cTpaHy 3flpaBJba TpaacHO y ofl6aHeHHM cj)aHTa3HjaMa 6ojiecTH, ho BpeMe je fla bhahmo, MaKap y rp y 6 nM o 6pHCHMa, infirmitas caMor apxeTHna 3flpaBJba y H>eMy caM O M e. Kao noJia3Ha TaMKa nocJiy>KHhe mh H3jeflHaMaBaH>e 3 d p a e jb a h HopMajmocuiu, h HeKa oflpeHopMajiHor y ncHxojiorHjH. PeMH ,,HOpMa H ,,HOpMaJIHO H3BOflHMO JiaTHHCKor je3HKa, npe C B e ra H3 peMH HopMa, u i t o he
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H H K a f l H J IH

M H K po 6 a , n a p a 3 H T a , B H p y c a , a jiH h 6 y f l y h e r K Jio H a. H 3 H O B a c m o cy o H eH H c a H H B ep3H joM : 3 flp a B J b e H a cT p aH H cM pT H , 6 o jie c T y 3 p a M e cHBOTa. H a c y n p o T 4>aHTa3HjH 3 flp a B jb a , 6 o J ie c T j e HenpncTpacaH c y flH ja Kojn flp*H flo eKOjiouiKor ypaBHOTeacaBaH>a: n o f lje f lH aK e r n a H c e f l a je cBHM a. H h c m o j i h jo u i flaBHO H ay l iHJiH - 6 o ji e c T Kao uiaHca?!

134

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p e h n , flpB O flejbH H y n iO M e p , flaK Jie H H C TpyM eH Ta K o jn c e T H ^ e n p H M en > eH e re o M e T p H je . A n o r m a li s 3H 3 HH H a n p a B J b e H n p e M a y rJ iO M e p y ; n o r m a li te r 0 3 H aM aB a ,,y n p a B o j JiH H H jn, flH p e K T H o ".

C T aH flap fl AOJia3H H3 aK afleM C K e n c H X O Jio rH je h j i h n c H x o T e p a n H je , T e o j i o r n j e , cjjH Jio co cjiH je, n p a B a , M eflHi^HHe h j i h c o i^ H O Jio rH je , p e n j e o

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y n y h y j y H a Moryha 3H aiieH>a H fle a J iH o r. n p e c B e r a , H ^ e a jiH O j e o h o o n e M y c e m h c j ih K a o ca B p u ie H O M , y n p a B o o h 3k b o m KaKBO jk c j ih m o . A j i h , h c t o T a K o , H ^ e a jiH o j e o h o h i t o n o c ro jH y yMy, n o n y T n p e f lc T a B e h i u t o j e H M arH H apH O T e O T y ^ pa3JiH H H T O 03 peanuoz h M a i u e p u ja j iH o . Cpac o B o r n p H C T y n a j e fla o h n o H H B a H a KBaJIHT3THBHOM, BpeflHOCHOM H CeJbeHOM (cjjaH T a3 M 3 t c k o m ) o flp e t)e H > y . M aK O JiH K O c e y np aK C H O Ba ^ B a n p n c T y n a n o H a u ia J ia K a o p o r o B H y B p e h u , y H aniH M M a u iT a iiH M a O H a A e jiy jy / f l e ji a jv cJiHBeHO. n p B O h o c h o b h o , n a T O j i o u i k o h j i h a 6 H 0p M a jiH 0 n p e ^ M e T c y M o p a n u e o c y f le

XIX

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H>e y o 6 H M a je H o r, n p o c e H H o r, H o p M a T H B H o r h H o p M aJiH o r ( K a o y o 6 Hiia j e H o r ) . Y n cH X O Jio rn jH ABa H a jH e m h a o f l p e J j e i t a H o p M a jiH o r c y : a ) H opM aJiH O y ciuaiuuciuuHKOM CMHCJiy; h

6 ) H o p M ajiH O y u d ea A H O M cMHCJiy. Ilp B O o flp e l)e H > e

A pacH fla j e H opM ajiH O o h o i u t o j e y o 6 n H a je H O , 3 a jeAHHM Ko, y n e c T a j i o , p e ry jia p H O , ^ a K J ie npeflBH H HBO h j i h oneK H B aH O . T pac^H H K H r a n p e flc T a B Jb a M O T a y COBOM K pH B yjbO M B ep O B aT H O h e (3BOHaCTOM KpHBOM ). H o p M a J iH a 3 H C T pn 6y i^H ja n o f l p a 3y M e B a p a c n o f l e J i y n o K o jo j c e ,,n o H a m a B eh H H a ncH X O JiouiK H X n o f la T a K a , a 3 acH O B aH a j e H a B e p o B a T H o h n . C T p y K T y p a jiH H o ^ h o c h y O K B H py H o p M a jiH e flH C T pn 6 y ijH je H M ajy c B o je n p a b h j i h o c t h h K opH C T e c e 3 a o u e H y n o je f lH H a u a y r p y n n . Ilp e M a obom KBaHTHTaTHBHOM npH C Tyny, a 6H o p M ajiH O j e o h o i h t o j e H e y o 6 H H ajeH O , eK CTpeM H O , jje BHjaHTHO, K o je c e y M a jio j M ep H iio H a u ia n o 3aKOHHM a B e p o B a T H o h e , K o je j e p e T K O , Myj],Ho h j i h aH O M ajiH O . H m h j i h i ^ h t h o , OBa (JjH KttH ja je y6 u ciu eeH a no CBe ncHXHMKe c|>eHOM eHe k o j h c e H e M o r y n o ftB e c T H n o f l ,,3BOHU,e - o h h n o c T a j y e(J)eM ep H H , 6 e 3 B p e flH H ,

06 a n p H C T y n a . j ] ,p y r o , 06 a 3 a c T y n a jy n o n y jiH C T H H K y ,
e ra jiH T a p n c T H H K y cj3HJiococj3Hjy h j i h C B eT 0H afl[30p y KOMe je udeaA H O K e a H iu u iu a iu u e H O , a K e a n u iu e u i u d e a /i . T p e h e , H o p M ajiH O j e C T aH n ap jj h j i h H o p M a y T yM aneH > y h n p o u e H H aK TyajiH O C TH h H H je H 3 B e e H o H3 eM n n p H jcK H X u p o M a T p a H > a h j i h e K c n e p H M e H T a jiH e a H a jiH 3 e . O j j h o c h o , H o p M ajiH O j e n e p c n e K T H B a K p o 3 K o jy cpaB H >yjeM O , n p e H H a n y je M O H a u ia n p o M a T p a ib a . ,,H H H > e m m e 3a K o je H ay K a t b p ^ h jja n p o H a jia 3 H y peajiH O C T H , y cT B ap H c y n p 0 H 3 B 0 fl AaTHX yneH > a o H o p MajiHOCTH. J l p y r a H H j e p e n e H O , n c H x o J io r H ja H o p M a jih o c t h H e o n H c y je o h o u i t o je c i U e , h j i h t o p a /jH y M a ib o j M ep H , a H e m h e y K a 3 y je H a o h o i u t o iupe6a fla 6 y fle . M eT B p T O , n c H x o J i o r n j a H o p M a jiH o c T H n p e T n o c T a B J b a HOMOTeTCKO HflHOrpacJjCKOM. JEJoK r o a HOMOTeTCKO H e y K J b y n n y c e 6 e H flH ocHH KpeTH HH O, K a o H H xepeH T H H /j,eo c e o j u x n o r j i e a a Ha c b c t , cbo ]hx 3aK O H a h T e o p n j a , flo T Jie h e H a iu a n c n x a h c a r j i e f l a B a i b a n y m e 6 h t h jeA H 0 C T paH 0 H 0 p M a jiH 3 0 B a H a , ypaB H O T e>K eH a ( n c n x o ji o m K a M oac^a

o 6oJieJIH , HeHaVMHH, MeTacj3H3HHKH...y CB3KOM c jiy n a j y H e n c H x o jio u iK H . H n j e 3r o p e r H a n o M e H y T H a y o b o m n p H C T y n y , K ojH H o p M H p a h p a 3 B p c r a B a o h o u iT a j e n c H x o jio u i K o , a u r r a H e, M epH H H H C TpyM eH T H e AOJia3H H3 n c H x o jio r H j e flo H3 M aT eM aT H K e, 3acH O B aH j e H a B e p o B a T H o h n , n p e B a c x o j],H o j e a n c T p a K T a H , M aH>e n jio j], e M n H p n je h n c H x o jio u iK H X y B H ^ a. n o T o i b e - H fleajiH O - o f l p e l j e i b e n o flp a 3 y M e B a anpoK C H M ai^H jy H fleajiH O M C T aH A ap ay , V H a n p e ^ H 3 a-

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136

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p o s t m o r te m , n o H e K a fl K a o y 3 o p a K y p H H a , MecTHU,a k o -

u iT a H e c p a c H , H ep eT K O K a o h h b o 6 eJiaH H eB H H a, K pB H a n jia 3 M a , u o n y T c K o p a c a K a K B o r T e c T a c u o c o 6 h o c t h h j i h o f l r o B o p a c a n p o je K T H B H e T ex H H K e. 3 a p a 6 p j 3H H e, o 6 jeKTHBHOCTH h n p ei^ H 3 H o c T H , n a T O J io r CMaT p a H eon x o A H H M fla HCKJbyHH h j i h oM et)H c y 6jeK T H B H y B a p n j a 6 ji y ( 6 o Jie c H H K a ) u i t o j e B H iu e M o r y h e , h THM e n o T B p flH <J>aHTa3Hjy C B oje H ay H H e H e n p u c T p a c H O C T H . H a n p o c T O , H a naTH>y He T p e 6 a o flro B o p H T H c a o c e h a i b e M , H a 6 o ji y T exoM , H a JiyflHJio pa3yM eB aH > eM , c B e n o c T a j e H H T ejieK T y ajiH H H 3 a3 0 B y KOMe j i o u k u naT H >e n o p H H e 3 H an aj c a M e naTH >e h c a c y ^ a y K o jn c e O H a H 3JiHBa. He caM O fla o b o b o jj h cB e O Tyt)eH H jeM 0flH 0 c y H 3M et)y J ie K a p a h n a u ,H je H T a , B e h n p e M e u i T a H a tu y n o 3 o p H o c T ca n o c re jb e o 6 o j i e j i o r H a J i a 6o p a T o p n j y , c a ca M O z peH O M eH a H a yMOBaH>a o H>eMy. O B a K B y n e p c n e K T ^ B y MOSceMO H a3B aT H u a u i o n o i u k o m (p u K i^ u jo M , c o 6 3 H p o M fla H a c y B e p a B a fla

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Ha^a-

J b e , oB y cj}aHTa3Hjy o flJiH K y je y B e p e ib e n a 6o jiecT H ( K o je , K a o i u t o c m o H a n p e jj B H ^ejiH , H H cy H H x ep eH T H e Jb y flH M a) T p e 6 a n p o y n a B a T H o ^ B o je H O o fl o 6 o j i e j i e ] o c o 6 e . Y k o j i h k o c e y o b o m T p e H y T K y 3anH T aM O k o c T o ju y 3 a J ie t)y n a T O J io u iK e (jjH K ijH je, T j., u iT a j e n a t o j i o i u k h a re H C T e cjDHKUHje, o f l r o B o p j e K p aT aK : y n p a b o o h o u i t o j e p a c n o jiy T H J io caM O c e 6 e. C a M a p x e T H n 3 flp a B J b a ( h 6 o Jie c T H ).
Y k o j i h k o n p e y c M e p H M O Harne n o r J i e ^ e c a c o M aTCKe M eflH ijH H e H a a H a jiH 3 y h n c n x o T e p a n H j y , JiaKO MOceMO yoH H TH ^ a j e h T y ^ a H a K n a T O J io u u c e (J)yHKU H je 6 e p u h e T a H . K a o n p B O , pa3JiyH H B aH >e 6 o jie c T H o a

138

139

o 6 o jie J io r,

c c jje p H y iu e B H o r , H M a 3 a

n o c j i e f l H

L j y

j ja

6 o ji je ,,cymTHHCKH H e n p n ja T H a ceH 3aijH ja K oja ce

n p n n H c y je Tejiy, a o flro B a p a naTH>H K ojy y3poK yje ncHXHHKO o n a a c a ite cTBapHe, npeTehe h jih HMarnHapHe 0 3 J ie s e . H 3 H aBejjeH or u,HTaTa MO*eMO 3aKJbyHHTH j?a naTH>a Moace nocT ojaT H 6 e3 opraH CK e ocHOBe 6 o jia , ajiH fla h 6 o ji M O *e nocT ojaT H 6e3 opraHCKHX TeM ejba (n p H M ep n n e, 6 o ji y cjaaHTOMCKOM yfly). A jih , h m h jih i^ h th o , E H re jio B o o jjp e ije ite caflpx h y c e 6 n h c jiefle h e: HeMa 6o jia ^ k o jih k o HeMa n c n x e K oja h e ra onncaT H . n a T i t a npeTXOAH 6 o jiy , a o k je o h rjiaB H a HHHunjajiHa K an n cjia K oja o c jio 6 al)a h KOHCTeJin m e naTH>y. OcTaBHMO n o CTpaHH Mej^HU,HHCKe, naTOcj3H3HOJiouiK e npHCTyne y oTKJiaH>aH>y y3poMHHKa 6 o jia , h norjieflajM O m T a n cH x o Jio rn ja h v a h K ao p e m e i t e . OMHJbeH ncHXOJiomKH npncTyn o c j ia ita c e H a Hame jyfleoxpHmhaHCKo H acjiet)e h CBoje TepannjcKe Hfleje h TexHHKe ycM epaB a y np aB ijy y B e h aB aH > a naiin jeH tO b h x c n 0 C06 H0 CTH T p n jb e ib a 6 o jia . K jinjeH T n o c T a je o c o 6 a H a Kojy ce npojeK T yje joBOBCKa n cH x o jio rH ja. CMaTpaMO fla je KaKBa ncHXHHKa h jih ncnxocoM aTCK a 6 ojbK a ( n p o 6 jieM ) jcB ojeB pcH a K a3 H a 3 a oflpei)eHH rp e x , npH M epnije HyBHiue jeflHOCTpaH, HeypaBHOTeaceH ncHXHHKH > k h b o t. PeTK o Kafla heM o, H3Mef)y c e 6 e K ao aHajiHTHHapH, p e h n fla je h c k o o 6 o jie o h jih fla n a r a 3aTO mTO je eMnaTHHaH, 6pncaH , caMOocTBapeH h jih o ce h a ja H . H anpoT H B , 3 a Hac je npeflycjioB CBaKe flym eBHe naTH>e, ncHX0 C0MaTCKe 6 ojiecTH HaK h coM 3 tc k h x o 6 o jb e ib a , KjbacT h HeypaBH O Te*eH n c n x h h k h p a 3 B o j. rio n y T cT apo3aB eT H or n p a B e flH H K a Jo B a , h H am nau,HjeHT T p e 6 a fla TpnH 6 o j i cBe flOK y H>eMy He OTKpnje CMHcao. JoBOBCKa ncHXOTepanHjcKa 4>aHTa3Hja o cMHCJiy 6 o jia n o c T a je ancypflH a oHfla Kafla je c x b 3 th m o floc jio b h o , K ao HayHHO o 6jamH>eH>e K oje BOflH oflroB a p ajy h o j npaKCH, a He K ao MHTOJiorHjy. Kafla y npaKCH npHMeH>yjeMO cTapo3aBeTH y K a * y o JoBy, mh yH 0 CHM0 y T epannjcK H n p o c T o p h JoBOBa T p n rip n ja T e jb a h h>hxob MopajiH3aM. Ha o 6 n jb e 6 o jia c a KojHM

y 3p o H H H K e M o p 6 H n H o c T H , a 6 H o p M a J iH o c T H h j i h n p o 6 j i e M a T pasK H M O H 3B aH c a M e n c n x e h j i h M eT a4)H 3H U [H . 3 a 6 o p a B J b a M O 6 jie M H . ih to

n o p o flH ijH , r e -

H eT H H H , A p y iU T B y , eK O H O M H jH , CT3TH CTH IJH, p e J i H r n j H f la n a i^ n je H T H H e M a jy n p o 6 j i e M e (T a M O H e r f l e ) , B e h f la o h h j e c y n p o -

Mecuio

naTH >e j e n c n x a o 6 o J ie jie o c o 6 e . I I o f la

H a M c n o M e H y T a cjjm cijH ja H e H 0 3 B 0 J b a B a t o

BHflHM O, MH HHCMO y CTaH>y HH f l a H 3 B efleM O C Jie ^ e h H K o p a K : A a n p n x B a T H M O fla j e o 6 o J i e j i a o ^ h o c h o , f la j e H 3H ypeH a h

Ayma

cB eT a,

H a n a h e H a c aM a H a u ia n e p c n e K T H B a .

o 6 H e B H f le J ia o ^ M H o n n j e , b c m h t o T p a -

r a j y h n 3 a jio rH K O M 6 o j i e c T H , n c H X 0 - n a T 0 - J i 0 r H j a j e CBe M aH >e T p a r a n > e 3 a c m h c j i o m n a T H > e f l y m e , a c B e B H m e

naTH >a n c n x e 3 6 o r n p e B H m e cM H C Jia. 3 6 o r T o r a H a u H d u e u d y a n H o j p a B H H , y a H a jiH 3 H , H a m a a e jia H > a h

p e c jjJ ie K c n je T p e 6 a y cM epH T H H a o 6 o K e jiy o c o 6 y , n p H n e M y H c n e j b e f t e H e h e n o A p a sv M e B a T H o ,a ,6 a i] ;H B a ite /
r io H H L U T a B a H > e

6 o jie c T H , B e h 6 p n r y o o c o 6 h n n j a

J i y i u a

naT H .

Ca

A p y re

cT paH e,

Ha

K o n e K iIiu e H o j_ paB H H ,

T e p a n n j a M o p a fla c e y c p e f l n m T H H a o 6 o J i e j i y f l y m y

C B eT a, H H ja n a T O J io rH ja noM H B a
hhm

H auiH M o 6 e 3 f l y m e -

n e p c n e K T H B a M a H>e c a M e . H a s s a j i o c T , H C K O p e H>HBaH>e n a T O J io rH je y c a B p e M e H O M CMHCJiy n o flp a sv M e B a y H H u rra B a H > e 6 o j i e c T H , a n p H M e i t e H o H a j j y m y , obo

3H 3HH o T a p a c H T H c e naT H >e, 6 o j i h h H c n a m T a i t a , ( c ) T p n j b e i t a f l a c e H C T p a je , fla c e O M yB a A y m a . T p e 6 a

ce

o n o M e H y T H H 3 p e K e C T a p n x a J ix e M H H a p a : T B o j a

A ym a je

y T p n jte ity . 3HaMajHO MecTO y naTO JiornjH 3ay3HMa 6 o ji.

rip e M a cTapnjHM noHM aitHM a M ejpm H H apa, 6 o ji je npBH 3HaK n aT O Jio rn je, m TaBH m e, 6 o ji h naTH>a cy H3jej^HaMaBaHH. HecTO je o c e h a i te 6 o jia H3jejiHaMaBaHo ca * 6 h t h 6 oJiecTaH *, a 6 o ji ca rjiaBHHM c h m h to mom K ojn BOflH Jby^e JieK apy (Adler, 1975). HaHac HaM cTBapH He H 3rjieflajy t 3 k o H3BecHO, ABoyMHMo ce jja jih je 6 o ji CHMnTOM h jih 6 oJiecT (Baar, 1982). H eK a o jjp e ije ita 6 o jia j;ajy HaM 3a n p aB o j],a 3aKJbyMHMO fla naTH>a npeTxoflH 6 o jiy . n p e M a EHreJiy (Engel, 1969.),

140

141

jbyjjH ^ o n a 3e h T p a x e H auiy no M o h , m h flOflajeMo o c e h a i t e KpHBHije. H >hxob 6 o ji j e 0 Ar0 B a p a jy h a Ka3Ha 3a HeocTBapeH ncHXHMKH pacT . B o ji h naTH>a cy H enoMHHCTBO KOje h e CHOCHTH CBe flOK He npH 3H ajy, Tj-, He OTKpHjy cMHcao O H ora h i t o cy nponycTHJiH a y p a jje . AMnjiH(J)HKOBahy 4>aHTa3Hjy ncHXojiomKHX r p e uiHHKa npoHHi^JbHBHM peMHMa ijH pH uiK or ap x eT H noJ io ra A . r y r e H 6 H Ji-K p era KojH, y p a # y H eM a o flro B opa Ha Jo B a (G u g g en b u h l-C raig , 1 9 9 5 ), 3aKJbyMyje 3 a je c p x JoBOBe naTH.e (TeMa KojoM ce He MaJiH 6 p o j aHaJiHTHMapa p a flo 6 aBH) y TOMe h i t o ofl; B o r a He floJia 3H HHKaKBO o 6jaiiiH > eite. B o a a ijH oflroBop HHje HHKaKaB o flro B o p , O h He n o ja u iib a B a h h y3poK e, h h t h CBpxy npaBeflHHKOBHx yacacHHX MyKa. n p H n o B e c T o JoB y je BeJiHHaHCTBeHa y n p aB o 36o r T o ra i u t o r a e f la y OHH CMpTH, 6 ojieCTH, naTH>H H MyHeH>HM3, a fla npH TOMe He H3BpflaBa 6 eacaH>eM y KaKBa MHcaoHa ( 30 flahy M opanH 3aT opcK a) cneKyjiHcaH>a h o6jaiuH>eH>a. M o ja ncH xojiouiK a d[3aHTa 3Hja je ja,a 6 o ji h n a m a je c y T p a r e f l H j a , yacacH O h c k ^ c tb o 3 a K oje H a jn e iu h e HeMaMo B ajbaH a T yM aneiba. J o iu BHiue, MaKaKBO o 6jauiH >eibe caM o M o * e fla n o ja n a M yK e K o je c y H OB3 KO HenoflHonijbHBe. H o , M oje no3HBaH>e Ha t o fla je HecTO H eM oryhe HahH cMHcao KaKBoj Heflahn h jih T p a re ^ H jn , He 3HaHH a T p e 6 a AHhn pyK e ofl 6 ojiecTH K a^a oH a H eK ora 3aflecn. fle n p e c H ja , K oja je 06 y 3e.ua M apjbH B V h n p e f la H y acHCTeHTKHH>y aH aT O M H je, H e M opa 6 HTH jeflHHH, JjejIOTBOpHH H3HHH KojHM h e aeB ojnH H a H eyM epeH a a M ^ H ip ja 6 h t h o6y3flaH a. 3 a p je HbeHa acyjiH>a 3 a npo(J>ecHOHajiHHM y cnexoM , n c n x o jio ih k h rjieffaHO, r p e x ? A jih h o i u t o j e B eh cnyrana flen p ecn jo M - 3apaBH>eHor a(j>eKTa, y c n o p e H o r mhm jb e ita , 6e3BojbH a - OHa HM a BHiue n p o c T o p a h B peMeHa fla c e no3a6aB H c o 6 om h CBojHM > kh b o to m . H o , HHH>eHHi^a fla acejiH fla c e o k o p h c t h cBojoM 6 o Jie m h y jo u i He h h h h AeBojKy ncHX 0 ji 0 uiK 0 M rpeuiHHi^oM . M o j araocTHHKH npHCTyn He n o p H n e n o c T o ja ite h Bpeflh o c t H>eMy cynpoTCTaBJbeH or, K ojn y cBeMy bhji,h CMHcao, HaK ce npHKJiaibaM Hflejn fla 6 o jie c T (n n a K ) 142

HeuiTO nocTHace. OHa HaM je Ofl k o p h c t h h Kafla je ^oacHBJbaBaMO, Kao HecxBaTjbHBy TpareHjy, Kao Heo 6jauiH>HBo flejio B ora, Cyfl6HHe h jih IlpHpofle. O noMeHHMO ce, npoyec HHflHBHflyaijHje ce He cBoflH caMO Ha pacT j i h h h o c t h h ypaBHOTexaBaH>e CBecHor h HeCBecHor, Hero h Ha cycpeT ca o h h m h i t o j e h c t h h h t 3 H h o c t y HaMa, Koja je Heca3HaTJbHBa h HeonncH Ba. Y HMarHHajiHOM carjieflaBaH>y H H c j j e p n o p H e CTpaHe a p x e T n n a ,,3flpaBJbe-6oJiecT n o c e 6 HO MecTO 3ay3HMajy cumumomu. JJaMe h r o c n o flo - cnrypaH caM fla c b h b h y B a u iH M nocjioBHM a, THU,ajiH c e o h h o c o 6 a h j i h CTBapH, npH 3H ajeTe 3H anaj n o jia 3 H u iH H X ocHOBa. H c t o j e c a ncHX0aHajiH30M: t o k p a 3 B o j a K po 3 k o jh je n p o u iJia h npnjeM Ha Kojn je H anniJia, 6h o je y c ji o B J b e H h HHH>eHHU,oM fla j e o h o Ha n e M y j e oH a o T n o n e jia fla paflH 6 h o cumuiuom ( n o f l B y K a o , B .B .n .) , K ojn je e r y BHiue T y ljH o HUiTa flpyro i u t o HaM M o * e n a c r a Ha yM (Freud, ). H ecyi)eH H HacjieflHHK n c n x o aHajiHTHHKor T poH a K. T. JyHr je , y HacTojaH>y fla noTBpflH oHHHCKe (OpojflOBe) peHH K oje cy HCTHU,ajie 3H anaj cHMnTOMa, nocpeflCTBOM T ecT a acoi^H jai^nja peHH noKymao fla h x KBaHTH(J)HKyje, h o H > e ro B 3axBaT je 6 h o paflHKaJiHfejH ofl npBo^H TH o nJiaHHpaHor. pTKpHBUiH KOMnjieKce flyiue, caflpacaje Kojn cy 6 p e MeHHTH CMHCJIOM, CHaaCHHM atJjeKTHBHHM Ha6ojeM, HHTeHi^njoM, ayTOHOMHOinhy h 3aMeuHMa cBecTH, k o j n y B H fly c H M n T O M a c a M 0 B 0 J b H 0 n p o 6n ja jy y H a u ie c B e c H e acH B O T e H e 6npajyhH H aH H H - H e K a fl K p o 3 coMy, H e K a f l K p o 3 ncH xy, K a T K a fl K p o 3 j e f l H o h flp y ro h c t o BpeMeHO - o h h x j e , h y T O M e je H a j B e h a H>eroBa 3ac jiy ra , ojiuu,ouieopuo. ile p c 0 H H ( |) H K 0 B a H > e caflpacaja, Kojn Hac Hohy nocehyjy y BHfly o c o 6 a , npeKo flaHa y O M a u iK a M a , H e a c e jb e H H M p a flH > a M a , nojio?K ajy T ejia, 6 ojioBHMa, ceH3aB(HjaMa, cTaBOBHMa, naK HflejaMa, yncTHHy j e m h t c k h h 3 h h h r o B o p a h p a 3 M H in jb a H > a 0 flyuiH, a jiH , H croBpeM eH o, H a jn o fle c H H jn HaHHH H a k o jh flyma Moace c e 6 e fla H c n o j b H h j i h o c e 6 n fla 36 opH.

,,MHH>eHHua f l a ce H e c B e c H o c n o H T a H O ojmijoTBopyje... 6 h o j e p a 3 J io r 3 a m T o caM n p e y 3 e o T e nepcoHH(f>H143

K a u n je y M o jy T ep M H H O Jio rH jy h cjD op M y jiH cao h x K a o H M eH a (Jung, CW 9 1,1968.). C h m h t o m h H H cy H H U iTa A p y r o n o n p o 6 o j n t h x ,,MaJiHX JbyflH , ,,K Ba3H j ih h h o c t h " y H a r n e H o p M a JiH e j k h b o t c . H o i u t o j e 3 a H a c , y o b o m cjiy M a jy j o i u 3 H a n a jH H je , c h m h t o m h H a c y n e ( n e c T o H a 6 o jia H h n o H H * a B a jy h H H aH H H ) fla h h K a fla H e M o x e M o npH C B ojH T H p a f l i t e K o je c y n p o y 3 p o K O B aH e paflO M ,,MaJiHX JbyflH H a u m x f l y iu a . Ofl6nj a j y h n fla c e n o flB p r H y m o h o t c h c t h ' i k o m cTaH O B H U iTy HauiHX Ja ( K o ja c e 6 e BHfle u,c j i o b h t h m ) c h m u t o m h H a c n o f l c e h a j y H a ayTO H O M H jy K O M n jieK c a. H j i h fla 3 a K Jb y h h m o Jy H ro B H M peM H M a: H o B e K H3BOflH c B o jy Ji>yflcK y j i h h h o c t ... C B ojy C BecT o c e 6 n K a o j i h h h o c t h ... H3 j r r a i j a j a K B a3 H -n ep co H aJiH H X a p x e T H n o B a (Jung, CW 13., 1968.) O flH o c H o , K p o 3 cH M nTO M e c e B p u iH fle -

KOHCTpyKI^Hja H aiue MOHOJIHTHe / MOHOTeHCTHMKe n p e flc ra B e o c jio 6 o a h BOJte, ayTOHOMHjH h jih y ij e jioBjbaBaH>y nofl nacKOM Era h KOHCTpyHiue HOBa npeflCTaBa fla cm o m h caMH nepcoH H (|)H K aiprje HHja p eajiH ocT 3aBHCH ofl Tyi)e BOJbe h pa3yM a. MHTCKa nepcneK TH B a o HaMa caMHMa M O xe 3 an o n eT H 6 h jio y coMaTCKoj MeflHi^HHH, 6 h jio y n cH xonaT ojiorH jH : Hauia er3HCTeHi^Hja, o h o u i t o noceflyjeM O , ncKycTBa, cehaH>a, cTpacTH, acejbe h jih Hafle JiaKO HHJie h r y 6 e ce, j e p HHUiTa He 3aBHCH ofl HauiHX ,,Ja. Y kO JIH K O HaUia 0 C06 eH 0 CT H HenOHOBJbHBOCT K ao ji h h h o c t h 33BHCH o fl ,,KBa3H-nepcoHaJiHHX a p x e T H n o B a h jih o H o r a i u t o j e H a jB H iu e c T p a H o e r y , o H fla
CHMnTOM
H H je

CaMO KJIUHUHKU 3H.CIK B e h HOCHJiaiJ 3HcmeH>a. llo m T O H M ajy

c u m o jiu h k o I

K apaK Tep,

ayTO H O M H jy, HaHHH 6HBCTBOBaH>a, H3paacaBaH>a, fla k j i e j i h h h o c t, CHMnTOMH c y , ,f l p y r H K o jn r p a f l e h n o T B p ^ y jy H 3rpaflH >y Hamnx j ih h h o c th . B e 3 ,,T h H eM o ry h e je n o c ro ja ib e

reTCKH i^eHTpH, KBajiHTaTHBHa c p e f ln m T a fly m e h K ao TaKBH npeflycjioB ncHX0 C0MaTCK0r oncTaH K a HOBeKa; jie n e h H " h>hx (mTO je flaKaKo H eM oryha p a 6 o T a ) mh H apym aB aM o BHTaJiHocr n aijn jeH aT a. IIo T n y H o ce cJia*;eM c a xpeijeM apxeT H ncK e ncH x o jio rH je IJ . X h jiMaHOM Kafla K a * e : C h m h to m h , He T epaneyT H , cy t h K ojn H ac BOfle flyuiH (Hillman, 1 9 7 5 ) . CjiHHHor mhmjben>a j e n p e T e n a HMarHHanHe ncHXOJiorHje T. TpofleK ; via regia Ka fly m n h TBopen>y fly m e cy HauiH cHMnTOMH, m TaBHm e: C b o J ie n e ite je yBeK 6 h jio , h 6n h e - CHMnTOMaTCKO, BoijeHo ofl cTpaH e CHMiiTOMa, oTnoHHH>aHo ofl cHMnTOMa, KopHCTehn h x K ao p y KOBOflehe npHHUHne (Groddeck, 1 9 7 7 .) . Y jeflH o, CHMnTOMH He BOfle caMO H o j e j t e i t y , B eh h yu,ejioBJbeH>y, Kaflrofl hm ^m o n a p cyK o 6 jbeHHx cynpoTHocTH h>hxobo H3MHpeH>e noHHBa Ha n o M a jb a ity CHM6 o jia (tertium non est datur). Y HameM CJiynajy n o c p e fly jy h e tertium (juid j e c h m h to m , oflHOCHO HMarHHajiHO c a rjie fla B a ite cHMnTOMa. 3 a EIjioTHHa (Piotin, IV , 4 / 2 8 / 1 8 , 1 9 ) ( 7 t a 0r |) (pathe , r p .) He n p n n a fla h h fly m n h h TeJiy B eh (a u v a ^ c p o T g p o v ) (sy n am p h o tero n , r p . = cjioacaj BejiHHHHa, BejiHHHHe K oje n p n n a fla jy 3ajeflH o), h>hxoboj T3HKH cy cp eT a. O b o m H 3pa3y (synamphoteron) HHje flaneK TepMHH (a u (i7 ttc o p a ) (sy m p to m a, r p .) , h jih H>eroB JiaraHCKH c h h o h h m coincidentia - cjiH B aite y jeflH o, cycnmaH>e HajMaite flBe p a3 JiH H H T e BeJiHHHHe ( a HeKafla ce oflHOCH h Ha TaHKy n p e c e K a flBe KpHBe). flaK Jie, c h m h to m je MecTO cy cp eT a fly m e h T ejia, 3flpaBJba h 6 ojiecTH , coincidentia oppositorum Ha K ojoj noHHBa yi^ejioB Jbeite h Hcu[eJ b e ite HOBeKa.

,,Ja. A k o

CHMnTOMe c x B a T a M o

K a o KJIHHHHKe 3HaKe H3a KojHX C T o je KOM nJieKCH HJIH apxeTH noBH , K o je T p e 6 a H3JieHHTH, o H fla t o b o a h p a 3 rpaflH>H j i h h h o c t h h ry u ie H > y f ly m e . K o M n jie K C H H H cy y 3 p o H H H ijH , n a K o j e c y ,,fleT ep M H H aH T e (JyHr) fly m e B -

H o r * H B O T a . A p x e T H n o B H h KOM njieKCH c y e H e p -

H a obom MecTy flyacaH caM fla HanpaBHM KpaTKy CTaHKy h nojacHHM CTaHOBHmTe HMarHHaJiHe naTOjio rn je . P eajiH o cr 6 oJiecTH h n a T O Jio ra je M opaM o flpacaTH n o cTpaHH ofl Ham nx TyManeH>a h O H ora m T a c a H>HMa h h h h m o . A jih , aKO cy 6 ojiecT h naTO JiorH ja n p e CBera 4>aHTa3Hje (o 6 ojiecTH h naTOJiorHjH) oHfla HaM T p e 6 a T ep an n ja K oja je ycM epeH a Ha (paHiua3uje BoJiecTH h naT O Jiornje, a He Ha h>hx caM e. naTO Jiom K O

144

145

Tpa>KH HMariiHaJiHy T e p a n n jy a He k jih h h h k h TpeTMaH h , flp y ro , noHiTO je 6 o jiecT npBeHCTBeHO n cH x o jiouiK a peajiH ocT oHa n o T p e 6 y je ncH xojiouiK H yBHfl. O Baj ncH xojioniK H npHCTyn noHHBa Ha B ep n y n p e flc ra B e h npeflCTaBJbaHbe, h npeMHCH Kojy H3HOCH IJ. XHJiMaH: CBaK a <J)aHTa3Hja ro B o p n HeuiTO o flyuiH, 6e3 o63Hpa Ha caflpacaj < J > a H T a 3 H je (Hillman, 1 9 7 5 . ) IlaT O JiorH 30BaHa <J)aHTa3Hja ycM epaB a H aui t o k J i e n e i t a h t c p a n n je . M oaceM o jih HcnHTaTH n a e jy JieiieH>a h jih H>eH apXeTHnCKH H3BOP yKOJIHKO HHCMO npBO HCnHTaJIH o 6 o jie jio r k o jh H cnojbaB a naTO JiouiK y <J)aHTa3Hjy? ,,B e3 apxeT H ncK e <J>aHTa3Hje n aT O Jio rn je HeMa u ia MaHa, Jie K a p a ...O n e T <J)aHTa3Hja flOJia3H Ha n p B O MeCTO (HCTO). IIp e M a yn eff> y apxeT H ncK e n cH x o jio rH je, iic h x h h k h caflpacajH , K ao u i t o caM paHHje p e K a o , Teace o jih u;oT B opeH > y, noT H ijajra H3 HHflHBHflyaJiHO H ecBecH or (KOMnjieKcn) h jih KOJieKTHBHO H ecBecH or (ap x eT H n o b h ), h o b o H>HXOBO nepCOHH<J)HKOBaH>e HMa HCUeJIHTejbCKH e<J)eKaT. Y yHeH>y IJ . XHJiMaHa nepcoH H <J)HKOBaH>e je oflpeljeH O Ha c jie fle h n HaHHH: C noH TaHO ucK ycT B O , pa3MaTpaH>e, p a 3 ro B o p o o6jiH U ,H M a n o c r o ja ib a K ao ncHXHHKoj nojaBHocTH... IlepcoHHcjjHKOBaH>e j e HaHHH 6 nBCTBOBaH>a y cBeTy h floacHBJtaBaH>a cBeTa K ao n c H x o j i o u i K o r nojba... IlepcoHHcJjHKOBaH>e j e TaKO HaHHH ca3HaBaH>a (Hillman, 1 9 7 5 .,
1 2 - 1 3 .) .

IIo n y T flp y rn x h c h x h h k h x yH H B ep3ajinja h a p x e T n n ,,3flpaB Jbe-6ojiecT cTpeMH nepcoHHcJ>HKaijHjH h o B a n Jio h y je c e y BHfly PaH>eHor H cueJiH Tejba. I l p e no3HaBaH>e apx eT H n a P a ite H o r HcueJiH Tejba je o h o c o 6 e H o r 3 H anaja je p u a c y n y h y je Ha HeM0ryhH0CT h jih uiTeTHOCT pa3flBajaH>a HcijejiH Tejba ofl paibeHHKa h jih o 6 o jie jio r . HcTOBpeM eHo, o h Hac n o flc e h a Ha n p o ije c u;enaH>a K ojn ce , 6 h jio Ha BepTHKajiHoj, 6 h jio Ha X0pH30HTajiH0j paBHH, HcnojbHO h jih h e c e HCnOJbHTH cByfla rfle n o c ro jH o u iT p o ncHX0Ji0iUK0, flyx0BH0 h jih cor^HjajiHO pa3rpaHHHaBaH>e H3Mel)y HCi^ejiHTejba h 6 o jie c H o r, JieK apa h p a H e .

3 a p a 3 JiH K y o fl h c k h x h h h x m h tc k h x JiHKOBa K oje MO>KeMO CMaTpaTH HOCHOHHMa ap x eT H ncK or o 6 p a c ija Hci^eJiHTejba, A n o J io H je JieK ap K ojn je ,,Ha MpTBo h h c t 6 o r. (1 7 ) O h y n p a * h b a B a cB oje JieKapcTBO Kpo3 K aTap3y, npoHHiuhaBaH>e h c y 6 jiH M aim jy, ajiH y H>eTOBOM JieneH>y n o c T o jn jacH a n o fle jia Ha , , 3 a p a x e H o r 6 oJiecHHKa h H cijejiH Tejba. Kao 6 o r cyH i;a, o h c o 6 om flOHOcH n pocB eheH ocT , o6jeKTHBH3ai*Hjy, HopMe h h h TeJieKTyaJiHO flHCTaHijHpaibe. Bor c y m ja JieHH o h h m u i t o nepcoHHcj3HKyje - cyHi;e h cyHHeBH j p a n n 6 jia r o t b o p h o flejiyjy Ha o 6 o jie jio r h ocB eT jbaB ajy / ocB eu ih y jy cBe u i t o je kv>kho. H o , noiUTO je MpaK, a THMe h HeCBeCHO (C0 MaTCK0 HJIH ncHXHHKO CBejeflHO) cynpoTHOCT CBeTJiy h cBecTH, anoJioHH jcKo n e n e ib e n p e BoflH pacnojiyheHOCTH h o uejioBHTOcTH. A pxeTHncKH carjieflaH , A n o jio H flejia KopHCTehn flo 6 p e cTpaH e pa3yM CKor no p eT K a, ja c H o h e h aHajiHTHHKor M HiujbeH>a. 3 a H>era 6 oJiecT h naTH>a M ory ce o 6 jacHHTH ,,o 6 jeKTHBHHM HHH>eHHU,aMa HJIH HHHHOII,HMa KaKBH c y ,,y 3poK h nocjieflH i^a". A jih o b o noBjiaHH 3a c o 6 om pa3JiyHHBaH>e M H iujbeiba ofl 6 HBCTBOBaH.a. Ilc H x a , 6 oJiecT h cMpT cy y anojioHHjcKoj c b ccth o 6 jeKTHBHe HHH>eHHi^e H H j a e 0 HT0 Ji0 uiK a M H cTepnja noHHuiTaBa. AnojioH HaM, h n o p e fl HHH>eHHi;e fla o jih ijo tb o p y je ajionjiaTCKH HaHHH J ie n e ib a a He xoM eonaT C K H K ojnje CBojcTBeH X n p o H y , AcKjrenHjy, CepanHcy h jih BoroH OBeK y Hcycy X p n cT y . 3aB euiTaB a M yflpe peHH K oje y c e 6 n caflpace cymTHHy jieK apcK e BeuiTHHe PaH>eHor Hci^eJiHTejba: OHaj K ojn p aib aB a h Jienn" (o xpc5oaq Kai i'aoetai) (ho trosas iasetai, rp.). A noiuTO CHMnTOMH, naTH>e, MOp6 HflHOCTH H 6 oJieCTH HMajy apxeTHncKO 3aJiet)e, Koje ce n o npaBHJiy o jih ijo TB opyje, OHfla je p e n o 6 o:aHCKHM 6 ojbKaM a, naTH>aMa h MyKaMa K oje cy Ha H ac 6 an eH e. Kafla cy 6 ojiecTH 3aofleH yTe y TaKO fl0 CT0jaHCTBeH0 p y x o OHe T paace h 6 oxaH C K e JieK O B e h jie K a p e - similia similibus curantur. E or K ojn fl0H0 CH ilivina afflictio npy>Ka h 6 o>KaHCKo HcnejbeH>e, o H a j K o j n j e 6 ojiecT j . e , HCTOBpeMeHo h
J ie K .

146

147

EapeM K affa j e p e n o X n p c M y

H cycy X pncT y

n o c e S H a M e c T a y K a % a M a K o je h x c u a B e n o c B e h e H a c y H>HXOBHM p a H a M a . K jb aC T O X npO H O B O KOJieHO, 3 a T p o B aH o y 6 ojH TO M c r p e j i o M H aT O njbeH O M y X M flp n H y K pB , H c y c o B H npH K O BaH H y n o B H h n p o 6 y p a x e H a p e 6 p a H3 K o jn x T eK y K pB h BOfla, n p e flC T a B J b a jy O T B o p e H e p a H e K ojH M a o h h J i e n e . O c h o b h o C Bojc t b o p a H > e H o r H ci^eJiH T eJb a j e jj a JieMH e M n a T H jo M h j i h ,,3acT ynH H H K O M naTH>OM . X H p 0 H0B e h X p n c T O B e p a H e H a c y n y h y j y H a y H y m p a u i H ,o c u i \ n p o 6 o ;je H a , n o i j e n a H a K o a c a j e o t b o p ( e H a ) n p e M a C B eT y, 3 a c b c t ; i^ p B eH a, K p B aB a T e jie c H a fly 6 H H a, H 3 M p i^B ap eH a o c e h aH > a, H 3 Jio a c e H a , o 6 ejio fla H > e H a , p a c T p 3 a H a h H a fly T a yKa3yjy Ha o h o i h t o j e y H y T p a . O T B o p e H a p a H a j e a p x e T H n c K a n p e flC T a B a eMnaTCKe c b c c t h : paHa Ha 60 jiaH HaiiHH. K p o 3 naTH>y h MyKy p a i j a CBecT. T epaneyTOBa cn 0 C06 H0 CT fla eMnaTHUie, fla ce y*HBH h noHCTOBeTH ca naipijeHTOBHM yH yTpauiH >H M j k h b o TOM, nOHHBa Ha H>erOBOj paH>HBOCTH. E H T H O TB O peH eM aTCKH 3H3MH 6 h t h O T B o p eH 3 a T y ^ y c e H K y , BO Jby 3a M o h , 6 o J ie c T h j i h n o p e M e h a j . I l o m T o o 6o J i e j i n H e H a jia 3 H y c e 6 n J ie K a , H > ero B o j y B p H y T o j, n e p B e p r a p a H o j h j i h o 6 o j i e j i o j n p eflC T aB H 6 o J i e c r a jeflH H O M o a c e n o M o h n T e p a n e y T K o jn j e o T B o p e H 3 a h K oj h r j i e f l a K p o 3 HCTy T 3K B y n a T O J io u iK y npeflCTaBy. H cycoB e p a H e, X u p 0 H0B a K JbacTOCT H a r o B e u iT a B a jy te r ti u m q u id , T j., n o c p e f lO B a ib e H 3M ei)y j k h b o t 3 h c M p r a , 3 flp a B J b a h

JIHTEPATYPA
1. Hillman, J (1975.): Re-visioning Psychology. New York: Harper and Row. 2. Bachelard, G.( 1988.): Air und Dreams: An Essay on the Imagination o f Movement. Dallas: The Dallas Institute Publications. 3. Corbin, H. (1972.): Mundus Imaginalis or the Imaginary and the Imaginul. Spring; 1-19. 4. Jung, C.G. (1971): Psvchological Tvpes C,W 6, Princeton: Princeton University Press. 5. Ziegler, A. (1985): ArchetvpaIMedicine. Dallas: Spring Publications. 6. Groddeck, G. (1966): Exploring Unconscious. London: Vision Press. 7. Groddeck, G. (1977.): The Meaning o f Illness. The Hogarth Press. 8. Gigerich, W.: Ontogeny = phvlogenvl. Spring, 58, 1-995. 9. Hillman, J. (1993): Suicide and Soul. Dallas: Spring Publications. 10. Jung, C.G. (1964.): Civilization in Transition CW 10, Princeton: Princeton University Press. 11. Brahler, E. (ed) (1986.): Body Evperiem e: The Suhjective Dimension ofPsyche and Soma.Berlin: Springer Verlag. 12. Schipperges, H. (1968.): Utopien der Medezin. Salzburg Muller. 13. Hobom, G. (1985.): Gentechnologie Heransforderung und Verantwortung. JLV-Forum. Z Justus Liehig - Univ. (Giessen) 15: 5-9. 14. Kayser, G. (1985.): Industrialisierung der Menschenproduktion - Zum - faschistischen Charakter der Entwicklung neuer Technologien der Geburtkontrolle. Beitz Femin Theor Pra.vis 1 (14): 55-67.

6 o Jie c T H . H>nxoBa paibH B O C T H a c H H H ijH pa y n o c p e f l h h h k h n p o c T o p r f le c e c y n p o r a o c T H M H p e, r f le , M a ib e 3 a n jia m e H H C M phy, M o ceM o o t k p h t h , y n p a B O 3 6 o r 6 jiH 3 H H e cM pT H , chbot H cnyH>eH c a o c e h a ib e M . O T K p H B a ib e b j i 3 c t h t h x p a H a n p e flc ra B J b a n o n e T a K

n p o jK H B Jb e H e o f l r o B o p H o c r a n p e M a H>HMa. A p x er a n P a i b e H o r H C ijeJiH T ejb a J ie i iH (K p o 3 T e p a n e y T a , j i e K a p a ) 6 o ji e c T H a 4>H3HMKoj paB H H a jiH , j o u i B H iu e MOBeKOBy er3H C T eH i^H jajiH y 6 o ji e c T r p e x a h c M p r a . I lp H c y T a H y cB aK O M e o fl H a c , o h K O H C T ejin u ie cB o j H C!(ejiHTeJbCKH f l a p c a M o o H fla K a fla h o c h m o h c x B a -

TaMO 6 o ji e c T

K ao

er3HCTeHi*Hjajmy M0 r y h H 0 CT.

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15. Adler, K. ) 1975): Das Phanomen Schmerr. U Weintranb, et al (eds) Psvchosomatische Schmerzsydrome des Bewegungsapparates. Basle: Schwabe, 1931-1942. 16. Baar, H.A. (1982): Disskusionsbeitrag, u knjizi: Fortschritt und Forthildung in der Medizin. Cologne: Deutscher Arzte-Verlag: 316. 17. Engel, G.N. (1969.): Pain. U C.M. Mac Bryed (ed.): Svmptoms andsigns. Applied Physiology and clinical interpretation, 5th edn.Philadelphia: Lippincott. 18. Guggenbuhl-Craig, A. (1995.): From the Wrong Side: A Paradoxical Approach to P.vvc'/;o/o#v.EinsiedeIn, Daimon Verlag. 19. Jung, C.G. (1968.): The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious. CW 9 I, Princeton: Princeton University Press. 20. Jung, C.G. (1968.): Alchemvcal Studies. CW 13, Princeton: Princeton University Pre.ss. 21. I I j i o t h h (1984): Eueadel-VI. Eeorpafl: KibJiceBHe
HOBHHe.

3JIO H CTPEI1H>A y KYJITYPH

y jeflHoj pacnpaBH o npo6jieMy KyjiType 3anaaa, X. Jl. B opxec, npHMeTHO je fla T3K03BaHH 3anaflHH HOBeK h HHje y noTnyHocTH ,,3anaflH>aK , je p H>eroB pa3Boj n o H H B a H a kk>H3H Koja flOJia3H ca HcTOKa- Ha BH6jinjH. yHeKOJiHKO ce cjia>KeM ca EopxecoBHM 3anaacaH>eM; KaKo 6hcmo o6jacHHJiH h cxBaTHJiH KyjiTypaJiHe, MopajiHe, c o u n j a j i H e h ncHxojiouiKe acneKTe jih h h o c th HOBeKa 3 a n a f la fla Kao nojia3HiuTe HeMaMo En6jiHjy. A jih, H e 3a6opaBHMo, ap ca HcTOKa-Eu6 jia ja -je y cyiuTHHH MOHoiueuciuiiHKa KH>Hra; y H>oj ce roBopn o o6oaca^aH>y h npocjiaBjbaH>y jeflHor h jeflHHor Bora; Bora^KojH je raeBaH h jby6oMopaH yKOjihko ce KJiaH>aMO HeKOM flpyroM 6ory. B epa y j e j j H o r Bora npo>KeJia je in extenso h c b c t y KOMe jkhbhmo: Harna pejinrnjcK a yBepeH>a, h3mhh acHBOTa, Hfleje Koje BJiaflajy y KyjiTypn, Hauiy nojiHTHKy, HayKy h HanocjieTKy, Hauiy ncHxojiornjy. J\a H e 3a6opaBHM, h H a r n e JiyHJio h pa3yMeBaH>e naT O Jiornje. KaKO j e M o r y h e fla j e o B a KH>nra-flap ca HcTOKaHaKO re o rp a < |)C K H c T p a H a 3 an aflH O M MOBeKy, 3 a y 3 e J ia
cp eflH iu H > e M ecTO y H > ero B o j n c H x o jio r H jH , H CTO BpeM eH o HCTHCHyBniH f l p y r e K H >nre, MHTOBe, n p n n o B e c t h , J ie r e H f le h j i h K a a c e 3 a K o je CM aTpaM O fla

cy y

M ep H n p 0 H 3 B 0 fl 3anafla? KaKO t o fla y 3a n e h a K 6 y fle 6 an eH a n a ra H C K a M H o ro 6 o a c a H K a 6 a u iT H H a: rpM K O -pH M C K a M H T O Jio rn ja , K o ja h b m j e n p y CHJia H a jo 6 y x B a T H H jn 3 6 o p H H K n p e flC T a B a - o h h x H a K ojH M a n o i iH B a jy T p a r e f lH ja h n o e 3 H ja , HCTOBpeM eHO

MHoro B ehoj

150

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H a y K a h <J)HJioco(|)Hja; MHTOJiorHja repM aH C K H X H apofla, noeT C K O c T B a p a Jia u iT B O Hopflnjaija, CKpHBeHO

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r j i e f l o flB J ia H H J io n a * H > y H H T a o u a , H e o n x o f l H o j e , j e p

npeflaH>e KejiTa;

KyjiTOBH CjioBeHa 3a6eJieaceHH H a 6pe30B H M K o p a M a ? C B e o b o , cB a y cM eH a h n H c a H a 6 a u iT H H a 3anaaa, THMe c e 0H 0r a u i t o K. T. JyHr H a-

h e n o ja c H H T H M o j e
H3JIOSCHTH.

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n c n x o ji o r H jH n o H H B a, H a npB O M <J>aHTa3HjH.

3HB3 KOJieKTHBHO HeCBeCHO. C T p a H a KH>Hra c a HcTOKa oflnrpajia j e H en 0 H0BJbHBy yjiory y y o 6 jiHH aBaH>y KOJieKTHBHe c B e c t h 3 a n a f l H o r H OBeKa: n p o y 3 p o K O B a jia j e KOJieKiaueHU o d io e o p , n0H C T 0B ehH B 3H >e c a t c k c t o m , k o j i c k t h b h o
n 0 HCT0B eh u B aH > e, H a n p o c T O , H 3 B p u iH Jia j e T aK aB yTH i^aj K aK aB A p y r e K H >nre 3 a n a f l a H H cy 6 H Jie K a f lp e fla yH H H e; HCTOBpeM eHO, CBe o h o u i t o H H je H 3 a 3 B a Jio KOJieKTHBHy peaK U ,H jy, a 6 h j i o j e n p o H 3 B o n 6 a u iT H H e n a r a H C K o r 3anafla, n oT H C H y T o j e y k o j i c k t h b h o H e-

Ha eeojiyu,uoHucmuHKoj

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je o

B H iu eM , p a3 B H jeH H jeM , c jio a c e H H je M , c y n e p n o p H H je M c T a B y cB ecT H , c T a B y K o jn y B p e M e H y H cxoflH H3 c B o r H H (J )e p H o p H o r n a p i b a K a . J],pyro, n c H x o j i o u i K H M e x a HH 3aM n o H H B a H a d o c jio e m m T y M a n e ib H M a h o f l p e l j e H>HMa. I I c H x o j i o r H j a K o ja n o H H B a H a JiH T epajiH 3au(H jH cBOflH n c H x y H a n p o 6 j i e M k o j h T p e 6 a 6 h t h p a 3 p e u i e H . n p e M a peH H M a

J. Hillman-a:

,,J lH T e p a jiH 3 a M j e n p n -

p o f lH H n p a T H J i a i ; M O H O T e n cT H H K e c b c c t h . . . K o ja 3 a X T e B a je flH 0 C T p a H 0 C T 3 H a n e i b a

(Hillman, 1975., 149).

CBeCHO.
M 0 H 0 T e H 3 a M h n o JiH T eH 3 a M n p e flC T a B Jb a jy flB a cH O B H a H H ecBO flHBa c aH H H H T ejb a n c H x e H O B eK a

T p e h y , K 3 flB o jn h y <J)aHTa3H jy pci3JiymieaH>a. I l o o 6 p a c i j y n p e y 3 e T O M H3 B n 6 ji H j e ( n p B e KH>Hre Mojc n j e B e - n o c T a i b a ) p a 3 flB ajaH > e h c h x h h k h x c a f l p a c a ja j e H y acH o j e p j e a p x e T H n c K o - h c x o a h H3 c a M o r B o r a .

rip o T H B C T a B J b a H > e /p a 3 J iy H H B a H > e 0 M 0 r y h a B a p a c T , p a -

Kao

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n a f l a ; o B y HHH>eHHijy H e cM eM O HHKaKO 3 a 6 o p a B H T H .

Haui

3 a fla T a K M o p a 6 h t h y c M e p e H K a TOM e fla n p o -

HHI^JbHBO H H eiUTeflHM HI^e O TK pHjeM O IH T a n p o H C T H H e H3 MOHOTeHCTHHKe C T p a H e JKHBOT3- KOJieKTHBHa c B e c T , M o p a j m o c T , B e p a , H fle je - a u iT a H3 n o jiH T e HCTHHKe - a p x e T H n c K e n p e flC T a B e h H M a rH H a u n ja . Ho, u iT O j e joui Ba>KHHje, a Ha to Hac y n o 3 o p a B a P. JIon e c - I l e f l p a 3a (Lopez-Pedraza, 1990), M o p aM O 6 h t h cB ecH H KOHtpjiuKuia h H3 H > era n c x o f l e h e aH K C H 03H 0c t h K o jy , y flymn 3 a n a f l H o r H O B eK a, ofl c a M o r n o n e T K a - n o M a i b a i b a xpHuihaHCKor ocTpBa y Mopy naraHH3Ma - n p o y 3 p o K y j y O Be flB e c y n e jb e H e c T p y je .

3 B o j; n o j a m i b a B a h n p o H H i u h y je H eja c H O , h o , c f l p y r e
C T p a H e , fla 6 h 6 h o f le J ia T a H 0 n 0 3 H U H 0 H a jiH 3 a M p a 3 J iy n y je T a K o u i t o c T B a p n a o b o a h flo K pajn>H X T a n a K a .

O b h eK C T peM H c e M o p a jy flO flnpH B aT H ( l e s e x tr e m e s se t o u c h e n t ) , j e p c y n o T p e 6 H H je f la H f lp y r o M fla 6 h p a 3JiH K a 6 n j i a y oH JbH B H ja. Y K p a T K O , p e n e H O je3H K O M nCH X e, H3 MOHH3M3 HCXOflH fly ajIH 3 aM ; flBOjHOCTH c y , y HeKHM c Jiy n a je B H M a , flB e p a3 JiH H H T e C T p a H e H C T e M ef l a jb e ; n o K a T K a fl, Kafla c y B e h p a 3 J i y n e H e , H M ajy je f la H
T e h c t h n p a H 3 B o p h j i h T e a c e jeflH H C TBy K a o c b o m K p a j-

Pen

je o

0 C06 eH 0 M ncH X 0Ji 0u iK 0M KOHtJ)jiHKTy, c y f l a p y flB a jy

K y jiT y p a , flB a jy n e p c n e K T H B a , flB a jy n o r j i e f l a H a n c n x y . h H3 0B 0r c y f l a p a n p o n c T H H e C TpenH >a, K o jy n c n x o j i o r n j a h h n o K o jy ije H y H e CMe fla H 3 ocT aB H H3 CBojnx n p o y H a B a H > a , c T p e n i b a y K y jiT y p u (R. Lopez-Ped ra z a ). o b o m M e c r y M o p a M fla c e y flajb H M ofl T eM e K o jy acejiH M fla h 3 jio > k h m , fla 6 h x y K paT K O H C T aK ao p a 3 JiH K y H 3M eJ)y MOHOTeHCTHHKe h n o jiH T e n c T H H K e

H>eM u;HJby. H a K h

p aflH K ajiH H H en o M H pjbH B H fly a fly a jiH 3 a M f l e ji e HCTy

JiH 3 a M j e caM O 6 o p 6 a H 3 M e l)y n a p a jie jiH H X M O H H 33M a.

HanpocTO, MOHH3aM h

nepcneK-

THBy. H a n o c jie T K y , M O H O TencTH H K a n c H x o j i o r n j a n o H H B a Ha uoiuucKiieaH>y, o fl6 aijH B aH > y h j i h acH M H JioBaH>y. Y k o j i h k o HeKH c a flp a c a j H e M o a c e 6 h t h M H JioBaH th b h o c K y je . Y acn-

Ha

MOHOTeiJCTHHKy c B e c T , n p e p a i j e H , n o 3 H n p o i< e c y , n y T K ojH M c e noTH C H yTH

B peflH O B aH , o h c e o f l6 a i^ y je , o a h o c h o noTHobom

152

153

CaflpJKaj H3HOB3 MO*e BpaTHTH y CBeCT 6HBa 6 jio KHpaH h o h o cT aje y HecBecHOM, MeH>ajyhH cB oja npBo6HTH a cBojcTBa. Ofl c b c c th OTijenJbeHH caflp acajn nocTajy perpecHBHH, ,,3arai>eHH pa3HHM npHMHTHBHHM, HeraTHBHHM C aflp^ajH M a JIHHHOr H KOJieKTHBHOr HecBecHor. H epeTK O , 3apafl floce3aH>a y3BHUieHHX HfleaJia CBe iuto ce floacHBJbaBa K ao npoTHBpeHHOCT 6HBa npojeKTOBaHo y cnojbHH c b c t. *** IlcH x o Jio m K y paBaH K yjiT ypajiH or KOH<J)JiHKTa MO*eMO npeno3H aT H y paflOBHMa C. O p o jfla h K. T. JyHra. 3 a o 6 ojnu,y KapaKTepncTHHHo j e fla cy, KaKO h>hxob 3 flejia, TaKo h H>HXOBe jih m h o c th , njiofl" cyK o 6 a noJiHTencTHHKe h MOHOTeHCTHHKe ncHXOjio rH je. H apaBH O , k o h c |d jih k t c e KOfl OBa flBa BeJiHKaHa ncHxoJiorHje HcnoJbHO y cbom KpeaTHBHOM BHfly. OpojflOBO yneH>e c e y M H oro B ehoj MepH H ero JyH roB o cM euiTa Ha m o h o tc h c th h k o m flejiy cneK T pa. H aK h Kafla n o c e a c e 3a aHTHHKHM (naraHCKHM) m h to BHMa, pei^HMO MHTy o EflHny, fla 6 h nojacHHO CBoja TyManeH>a HacTaHKa H ey p o 3 a, O p o jfl t o h h h h Ha MOHOTeHCTHHKH H3HHH - KOpHCTH c e CaMO jeflHHM m h to m , a HeypoTHHHa HcnojbaBaH>a cBOflH Ha jeflaH y3poK . n P H TOMe o c T a je HecBecTaH HHibeHHi^e fla M Horo6oacaHKH m h t y c e 6 n K p n je H e6 p o jaH a nojiH TeHCTHHKa TyManeH>a, fla c e o ir a p e JiHTepaJiH3au(HjH, cBot)eH>y c a HM arHHajiHor Ha a o c jio b h o ; H an p o cT o , fla HyflH jeflHy HMarHHauHjy Koja j e noT nyH o c ip a H a H>eroBOM KOHi^enTyajiHOM, HayHHOM h m o h o tc h c th h k o m TaHOBHIUTy. MoHOTencTHHKa cynepH opH ocT c e oHHTaBa h y JyHroBHM paflOBHMa, norjiaB H T o y T e o p n jn o JacTBy ,,apxeT H ny K ojn je HajBa*HHjH 3a pa3yMeBaH>e caB peM eH or HOBeKa (Jung, CW 9 II, n a p a 422). Y i;e Jio B Jb aB aae, HHTerpaijHja, acHMHJiaijHja aHHMyca h aHHMe, HHflHBHflyai;Hja, npeflCTaBJbajy H anpeflaK y OflHOCy Ha MHOrOCTpyKOCT H pa3HOJIHKOCT. H ajoH H -

T H ja MOHOTeHCTHHKa opnjeH T aijH ja y Jy H ro B H M fle jiH M a c e n o ja B H J ia y K ib H ra M a : OflroBop H a J o B a h

AjoH, y o B o j noTO H >oj n H rn e : OrynaH> aHHMe/aHHM y c a o f l r o B a p a n o JiH T eH 3 M y , J a c T B o ( J u n g , CW 9 II, n a p a 427). 12 MOHOTeH3M y

O p o jflO B e h J y H r o B e x n n o T e 3 e o c y n e p n o p H O C T H J a c T B a h J a H afl aH H M O M /aHH M ycoM h H afl H flO M b o flH Jie c y : n p B O TOM e fla J a c T B o /J a 6 y f ly n o n c T O B e h e H H c a MOHOTCH3MOM, a THM e CBe OCTajIO UITO H H je M O rjIO

6 h t h n 0 H C T 0 B e h e H 0 c a H>HMa 6 h j i o j e n o T H C H yT o; h
f l p y r o , h > h x o b c x n n o T e 3 e , K o je c y H aJia3 H Jie c B o je n o T B p f le y paflO B H M a H C T o p H H a p a p e j i n r n j a , n p e f l c T a B jb a jie c y H 3 p a 3 T e o j i o i m c o r T eM n ep aM eH T a . Y k o j i h k o c e flpjKHMO n p e T n o c T a B K e fla c y h>hx o B e MOHOTeHCTHHKe n e p c n e K T H B e c T B a p T e M n e p a M eH T a, O Hfla c e n p n 6 f lH :a B a M o jeflHoj h h c t o n c n x o JTOIHKOj 4)aH T a3H JH - fl'a c y nO JIH TeH 33M H MOHOTeH33M C T B ap n c H X O J io rn je j i h h h o c t h . n o T B p f l e O Be n p e T n o cT aB K e Hajia3HMo y f le jiy H a fla J ie K o n o 3 H a T o r a H T p o n o j i o r a n o j i a PaflHHa (Radin, P., 1954). P aflH H H e 3aCHHBa M OHOTeH33M H a H flejH O p a3 B o jH H M CTynH>eBHMa (eBOJiyi^HOHHCTHHKa <|aH Ta3H ja; n pH M .

B. B.

n . ) , B e h H a H fle jn I) T e M n e p a M e H T y . H e K H JbyflH c y , C M aT p a P aflH H , 6 e3 o63H pa H a C T en eH p a 3 B o ja , M ecTO h B p e M e y KOMe acH B e, n o c b o m T e M n e p a M e H T y m o h o TeHCTHHHH. O H H Cy M a J Io 6 p o jH H H O flJIH K yje HX TO

fla

C BeT 3 a M H iH Jb ajy Kao jeflH H C T B eH y ije JiH H y (Radin, P. H a B e fle H o f l e ji o ) . Y C B o jo j n c H x o jio u iK o j T e o p n j n o h H 3pH H e c y fl fla MOHOTeH33M HCXOflH H3 je f lH o r H H T e -

12 HajH3pa3HTHja MOHOTeHCTHHKa nepcneKTHBa JyHra h 4>pojfla (koh 0B0r flpyror y flejiy Mojcnje h m o hotch3aM) noKJiana ce ca nocjieflH>OM KpeaTHBHOM mchom h jeflHor n flpyror ayTopa, h Kao a je ko o 6ojHHe oHa HacTajia Kao npoH3Bon jjejioBahba apxeTHna Senexa. Tj., CBoje paflOBe 3acHHBajy Ha CBeToj kh>h3h - B n 6jiHjH h TyManeH>a pejmrHjcKHX canpacaja caxHMajy y jeflHoj HflejH, y jeflHOM Bory; BHiue ce 6aBe jiHTepajiH3aflHjoM Hero ncnxoJiornjoM, ocjiaH>ajy ce Ha pejiHrajcKO h ith b o (BH 6jiHjy), a He Ha m h to jio rn j y; npHM. B. B. IlonoBHh.

154

155

jie K T y a jiH 0 - p e jiH r H 0 3 H 0 r H 3 p a x a B a H > a o c x > 6 e H o r t c m n e p a M e H T a h e M O iflio H a jiH o r T H n a (R a d in , P ., H aB ejj. jje jio ). n o T B p n e 3 a P an H H O B e n p e T n o c T a B K e H ajia3H M O y y i ieH>y c})H Jiococ|)a B . I J e jM c a . I I p e M a I J e jM c o B o j t h n o J i o r a j H (,,ten d er-m in d ed H a c y n p o T ,,to u g h -m in d ed THna; npHM. B .B .I I .) , c y n p o T H o c T H H 3 M el)y flB a r a n a c e o r j i e f l a j y H3M el>y o c T a J i o r h y B o jc T B y m o h h 3 3 m -n J iy p a jiH 3 a M . C ra B Kojn j e o p n je H T H c a H H flejo M ( a H e n peflC T aB O M ; B . B . I I . ) T eacH MOHH3My; n a K h K a jja iio c T o jH m h o u i t b o H fle ja je ^ H a h e , 6 a p e M 3 a K p a h e B p e M e , n p e o B J i a f l a r a h M O H a p x H jc k h K O H C T e jiH c a ra BeJiHKH 6 p o j ncHXHHKHx e jie M e H a T a . 0 6 p H y T o , n ji y p a JiH 3 a M c e yB eK o p n j eHTHine K a m h o j k h h h n p H H H H n a . 3 a Jy H ra , p a 3 JiH K a y T e M n e p a M e H T y CBOflHBa j e H a T H n o B e j i h h h o c t h : M oH H C T H H K a T eH u e H U H ja n p a n a ^ a c T a B y H H T p o B e p 3 H je , nJiypaJiH C T H H K a T e H fle H ip ija C TaB y e K C T p o B e p 3 H je (Ju n g , C W 6., n a p a 5 3 6 ). H a jeflH O M A p y ro M MecTy, Jy H r c a r J ie f la B a O Be cyneJi>eHe

; ;

;
;

7 5 ) He c jiy a a i caMO 3a t o fla noHCTOBeTHMO npeflCTaBy h ncH xy, B eh boah 3aKJbyHKy fla je fly u ia caTKaHa ofl n p e flc ra B a h fla j e H>eHa npBeHCTBeHa flejiaTHocT MauiTaH>e. YKpaTKO, npeflCTaBe HHcy y ncHXH Kao caflpacaT ejby Beh je c y ncnxa. JIpyraHHje p e n e H o , npeflCTaBe oflcJiHKaBajy ncH xy ynpaB O 0HaKB0M KaKBa je c T e - HenpeKHflHO M aiuTajyhoM . jl,p y ra 4)aHTa3Hja K oja oflJiHKyje noJiHTeHCTHHKy n c H x o jio ra jy je Ta fla je ji>yflCKa j i u h h o c u i M H o o c u i p y tca. J I h h h o c t je nonpH U iT e flpaM e h h ]h cy cyflHOHHi^H M H oro6pojH e n a p u n ja jiH e j i h h h o c t h h jih kom iuieKCH. H aro H H , e r o cTan>a, KOHCTpyKTH, h h c t h h k t h , n p o u e c H . (J)aKTopH jih h h o c th , cBe cy t o caM o a n CTpaKTHH H33HBH fleJIO B a C T p y K T y p e JIHHHOCTH KOJH H a c BOfle H H T ejieK T yajiH H M P a i j H O H a j i H 3 a u , H j a M a ajiH H e h H e n o c p e flH O M flo>KHBji>aBaH>y h n c K y c T B y . I I c h x o j i o i h k h n o jiH T e H 3 3 M npyca C B oje o n n c e j i h h h o c t h , H3pa*;aBa HOBeKOBa cT an > a - ayTO H O M H e K O M nJieK ce -

ranoBe

K a o cyflHO HH Ke T p a jH e 6 o p 6 e (Ju n g , C W 5.,

je3HKOM Kojn OflroBapa MHoro6oacaHKHM K o p eH H M a,

je3H K O M KJiaCHHHHX MHTOBa. CBOjHM nO JIH I^eH TpH HHHM yC TpojCTBO M IIOJIHTeHCTHHKa n c H X O J i o r n j a n p y aca H 3 y 3 e r a y M eT acj)o P HHHy 0 CH0 B y 3 a 3aM H iuji>aH >e n c H x e y H>eHoj M H o rb c T p y K o c T H . O b o H a c , y je flH o b o flH T p e h o j npeM H C H n o jiH T e H c ra H K e n c H X O J io r a je , k o j a c e H a jK p a h e Moace HCK a3aTH H a c j i e f l e h n HaHHH Muui je cyuiuiuHa Ucuxe. O c h o b h h caH H H H T eJbH i p a t ) e ncH x e - apxeT H noB H - h> hxobo n o H a u ia ite h H cnojb aB aH > e o n n c y j y c e MHTOBHMa; p en j e o flpaMaraHHHM o n n c H M a ncHXHHKHX n p o u e c a K o jn c y HCKa 3aH H n e p COHH(|)HKOBaHHM je3H K O M . K a o n p H H e , HHjH j e O C H O B h h caflp>K aj o flH o c 6 o r o B a h JbyflH , m h t o b h H a n e p COHHcJ)HKOBaHH H3HHH TO BO pe O MHOrOCTpyKOCTH H M H 0r03H aH H 0C T H OflHOCa H 3 M e ^ y C aH H H H T eJba nCHXHHKe r p a t ) e n o je f lH H ija . ,,C n o 3 H a j c e 6 e , K a o ocH O B H a 3 a ro H e T K a n c H x o j i o r n j e j i h h h o c t h , y n o jiH T e n c r a H K o j n e p c n e K T H B H H e n p e p a c T a y ce6ejby6H B o h m o h o T e H c r a H K o ,,C n o 3 H a j, HCKJbyHHBO, c e 6 e caMa\ j e p H H jeflaH ncHXHHKH f lo * H B J b a j H e n o c T a j e HCKJbyHHBO M o j, Beh j e npojaBJbHBaibe m h t c k h x o c o 6 a h c H T y a -

n a p a 149). ELocMaTpaHH H3 nepcneK TH Be n c n x e , h h je fla H o fl flB a c T a B a M 0 H 0 T e H 3 a M /n 0 JiH T e H 3 a M H H je c y n e p n o p H H jH op, f l p y r o r , h h t h je fla H - n c H x o jio u iK H n p o H c x o f lH H3 flP y r o r . H a n p o c T o o B e n c H X O Jio u iK e n e p c n e K T H B e c y f l a T o c r a h f f a r e c y K ao p a B H o n p a B H e .

* * * H a KojHM c e npeTnocTaB K aM a h j i h (J)aHTa3HjaMa 3acHHBa nojiHTeHCTHMKa n cH x o jio rH ja? H a npBOM MecTy, noJiHTeHCTHMKH CTaB noHHBa Ha upedciuaeu a He H a HflejH, K a o i h t o j e c jiv n a j y MOHOTeH3My. I lp e flcTaBa He yK a3yje h h Ha HiTa H3BaH c e 6 e , OHa HHje MeHTaJiHH KOHCTpyKT K o jn Moace fla n peflC T aB jta c h m 6 o j i h h k h o 6 j i h k o flP e t) e H e H fleje h j i h o c e h a i t a K o je H3Pa>KaBa; yKpaTKO, npeflCTaBa j e HecBOflHBa (H illm an , 1 9 8 5 .3 ). H 3 B o p npeflCTaBe HHje h o b c k o b o J a B e h caM ocTBapajiaM Ka fle jia ra o c T n c n x e . JyH roB a M aKCHM a: IIpeflC TaB a j e n c n x a (Ju n g , C W 13., n a p a

156

157

ljnja Kpo3 M eH e. JJa 6 h x pa3yMeo BJiacTHTe npo6jieM e MopaM npoHHKHyTH y MHTCKe o6pacue j e p MHTCKe j i h h h o c t h (apxerancK e <J)Hrype; npHM. B. B. II.) h
h>hxobo noHamaH>e npeflCTaBJi>ajy nyTOKa3 0 H0 Me h i t o c e oflH rpaB a y m om n o H a m a H > y . Ha o b o m MecTy M opaM fla 3acTaHeM h jo r n je AaHnyT yno3opH M , noJiHTeHCTHHKa n c H x o J io n ija je npBeHCTBeHO ncH xoJiouiK a nepcneK TH B a, a He n p e BpaTHHHKH noK y u iaj yBot)eH>a nojiHTeH3Ma, K ao p e jiHrnje, Ha MaJia B paTa. J3,oBol)eH>e y Be3y iich x hm khx 36HBaH>a c a m h o jk h h o m 6 o ro B a , cHJia h fleMOHa He T p e 6 a ^ a 6 y n e cxB aheH o Kao yMaH>HBaH>e cjiaB e jeflHor h jeflH H or Bora, h h t h , c p y r e c rp a H e , n p o u iH pHBaa>e CBeflp^cHTejba Ha H euiT o i u t o c e o flM e ra y jio 03 H > ero B e BOJbe. IlojiHTeHCTHHKa nepcneK TH B a om ory h a B a fla c e H3 MHomTBa JiHKOBa H 3 a 6 e p e oH aj K ojn h e H aj 6 o jb e o f l n r p a r a h oflCJiHKaTH j k h b o t h h c th ji jjaTe o c o 6 e , n a p a h jih 3ajenH H ije. CBejeflHO j e KojH je m h t y nHTaH>y - m h t o JlHOHHcy, IIaBJiy (C aB Jiy), X epaK Jiy, JleM eTpH h r ie p c e ^ o H H , XpHCTy, X ep M ecy , npoTecTaHCKH h jih npaBocjiaBHH m h t - B a a a io j e jja o h nocJiycH K ao ncHxoJiouiKH cacyfl y KOMe M oace fla ce HecMeTaHO oflBHja n p o n e c HHflHBHflyaiiHje. IIlTaBHUie, cBaKa apxeT H ncK a M oryhH ocT n c n x e (cBaKH m h t) , yKJbyiiy jy h n OHe K oje cm o 0 3 H 3 h h jih K ao ncH xonaTO JiouiK e, M ory fla npaTe cBoj npmman HHflHBHflyai^Hje yH yTap c b o t o c o 6 e H o r 6 o x aH C K o r MOflejia. H an o cjieT K y , nojiHTeHCTHMKa n c H x o jio rn ja je O flpet)eH a h THMe k sk o ce nocraBJba n p eM a nHTaibV iiaiuoAouje. 3a p a3 JiH K y ofl MOHOTeHCTHHKe n e p cneKTHBe, y K ojoj je naToc (7id0oq) H3jeflHaiieH ca 6ojiem hy h rp ex o M , flaKJie HeuiTo npeTehe hjih 3jio n o iioBeK oBo Ja h THMe caflpacaj K ojn Tpe6a fla 6yfle , oTuenjbeH hjih noTHCHyT; y noJiHTencTHVKoj nepcneKTHBH naT0Ji0uiK0 j e npeB acxoflH o npeflCTaBa(|jaHTa3Hja ca KojoM ce M opaM o cycpecTH Kpo3 HMa-

apxeTHna. lnfirmitus ap x eran o B a13 o ahocho cyuiTHHcKa HeMoh, 6oJiecT, fleerpyKTHBHOCT - noflpa3yMeBa fla cy ohh: ,,npHXBaTajyha ocHoBa y Kojoj Harne JiHliHe naTH>e Mory fla Ha^y noflpuiKy h fla 6yfly 36pHHyTe (Hillman, J. 1985., cTp. 38).

* * * BpaTHMO c e ca fla o c h o b h o ] TeMH - cTpemtH y KyjiTypH (cyK o 6 y MoHOTencTHMKe h nojiHTencTHMKe nepcneK T H B e) h TOMe KaKO c e oH a flaH ac n c n o jb a B a . Y o b o m TpeHyTKy ocTaBHheMO no CTpaHH H>eH Kpeat h b h h acneK T (HHje n p 0H3B0fle 0 MHTaBaM0 y flejiy C . <l>pojfla h K .r. JyHra, o ie M y je H anpep, 6 h jio peHH, ajiH h y fleJiHMa TaKBHX, yMeTHHKa K ao i h t o cy C T p ab h h c k h , IJ o jc , flH K ac o ...) h H auiy na>KH,y ycMepHMo y flpyroM npaBU,y - Ka d e c iu p y K iiiu e H O M a c u e K iu y . O h o i h t o cJieflH npeflCTaBJba moj noKymaj p a 3yMeBaH>a onycT om yjyhH X h pyuiH JialiKHx H3JiHBa KoneKTHBHor jiyflHJia h ncH xonaT H je, k o jh H3BHpy H3 HauiHX Hajfly 6 jb n x H ecB ecH H X K opeH a. H o , H anoM eH yhy jo r n jeflap e fl, M oja HaMe|>a HHje c a flp * a H a y TOMe fla TaMHy cTpaH y JbyflCKe ncnXe cBefleM, ancT paxyjeM h jih JiHTepajiH 3yjeM Ha fleJiaTHe y3poK e, B eh fla T eK yha 36hBaH>a y h c t o p h j h HCKaaceM m h tc k h m H3p a 3HMa h MeTacfjopaMa. OflHOCHO, fla K po 3 HMarHHanHjy 6 h jio K oje naTO JiouiK o (najio) c T a iie y 3BefleM b h ih h m (6o5KaHCKHM) npHHHHnHMa. OBHM eriHCTpOtf^HMHHM MeTOflOM, n o B p ah a je M ( r i c o r s i y yneH>y T>. B H K a ; npHM. B . B . n . ) h jih npeoKpeTaH>eM jeflHO 36HBaH>e noB e3yjeM c a H>eroBOM npeflCTaBOM, ncnxnMKVi n p o u;ec ca H>eroBHM m h to m , naTH >y fly u ie c a HMarHHaJiHOM M H C T ep n jo M Koja c e TaMO H3pa>KaBa .14

THHaJiHO MHUiJbeibe, a He Kpo3 kjihhhmko pacyt)HBaH>e. n aT O Jio iu K o , 6ojiecHo, rpeuiH O hjih 3Jio He mo*eM O cBecTH Ha je f la H a p x e r a n , oho j e r p a i) a CBaKor

13 J],eTajbHHje o TOMe uiTa ce noflpa 3yMeBa nofl infirmitas apxeTHiioBa BHflH y mom pafly ,,ricHxa, m ht h naToc y obom 36opHHKy. 14 OniHHpHHje O enHCTpO^JHMHOj MeTOflH BHflH y MOM pafly ,,ApxeTHncKa ncHXOJiorHja y MaconHcy ,0,eJio, 6poj 9-10, roflH H a XXXIV, B eorpafl, 1988.; npHM. B. B. n .

158

159

y acHBOTy c p n c K o r H apofla n p B a a c p T B a k o h c ^ j i h KTa

RBajy

n e p c n e K T H B a h C T p e m t e , K o ja j e H3 o B o r

KOH^JJiHKTa n p o H C T e K Jia , 6 h o j e B pxoB H H E o r c p n c K o r n a H T e o H a , a K p o 3 H > era c m o h c b h m h n o c T a J iH x p T B e O B o r c y K o 6 a . Y 6 o p 6 n c a c T a p o M naraH C K O M B e p o M , x p H in h a H C K o j i^pKBH 6 h o j e rjiaB H H i j h j b fla yK JioH H , o 6 e 3B p e flH h j i h O H e c n o c o 6 H B ejiH K e 6 o r o B e ; MaH>e Ba^CHH fleM OHH, n p n p o flH e c a jie h jih

6 oacaH C T B a

o c T a B ib e H H c y , y rjiaB H O M , H a M H py.

6 h o je yB eK y n e p e H H a B p x o B H o r

HajjanH Hanafl 6ora; y c j i y n a j y c p n -

c K o r n a r a H C K o r H a p o f la H a n a flH c y 6 h j i h y c M e p e H H H a

JJaSora.

F Io c jia H H ijH H p K B e H H cy y c n e J iH , K a o h h y

c j i y n a j y f l p y r n x M H o ro 6 o* aM K H X H a p o f la ce

EBpone, fla Bo-

n o T n y H o yH H U iT e h eJiH M H H H iuy B p x o B H o r E o r a . O b o

n o flje flH a K o j M epH o flH o c H Jio H a re p M a H C K o r

fla H a , r a J i c K o r H a iu e r

JI,hc IlaTepa, n o J i a n c K o r U ,p H o r 6 o r a h J\a6nuiy; h > h x o b 3 6op6a HMajra j e n o jio B H H a H y c n e x - b p x o b h h 6or C T a p e B e p e n p o r J i a u i e H j e 3a ^ a B O J ia . J I h h h o c t H 0 B 0 3 a B e T H 0 r t)aBOJia K o jn j e n p o THBHHK E o a c n jH H H3BOP CBaKOr 3 Jia , 'KpBHHK JbyflCKH, ,..'K H e 3 O B o r a CBeTa' h j i h MaK ' E o r o B o r a C B eT a', f l o u iJ ia j e u;pKBH K a o n o p y H e H a fla - KaKO B e h H H je

n o c T o ja o , o h j e H>HMa n o c r a o no3H aT TeK npeKO xpHiuhaHCTBa (HajKaHOBHh, B. HaBefleHO flejio , c r p . 103). 3anaflH H nojiHTeH3aM repMaHCKHX h c jio b c h c k h x Hapofla, TaKO^e h TpHKH, HHje 6 h o onceflH yT t)a B 0Ji 0 M. 3jio HHje 6 h jio npeflCTaBJbeHo Kao 3ace6HH, oflBojeHH caflpacaj, Te h HHj'e 6 h jio nepcoHHcJ)HKOBaHO y ^aBOJiy; Tj., HHje n o c r o ja jia jeflH a (^ n r y p a h jih cHJia Ha Kojy 6 h c e npojeKTOBajiH pa3HopoflHH caflpacajn oflpe^eH H K ao 3jih, flecrpyKTHBHH, aMopaJiHH. EBponc k h nojiHTeH3aM flpacao c e (faHTa3Hje fla c b 3 k h o 6 jih k CBecTH (cBaKO 6 ojKaHCTBo) n o c e fly je cBoj o c o 6 eHH H3HHH H C n O Jb a B a tb a fleCTpyKTHBHOCTH, 3Jia HJIH naTOJ io rn je . 3jio je , H anpocT o, 6h jio yTKaHo cByfla, TaKO fla j e HHTerpai^Hja CeHKe ( m o h o tc h c th h k h B jepyjy HCKa3aH y ncHXOJiornjH K. T. JyHra; npHM. B. E. f l .) 6 n jia B eh flaTa y o 6 pacijHM a JKHBOTa, Te Hiije npeflCTaBjbajia xepojcKH noTXBaT koj'h Ja M opa ocTBapHTH.

Bepa ca HcTOKa flpacajia je ce6e cynepnopdpyiuuieeHo h h c t o m ; o h o u i t o HHje M orjio fla 6 yfle y H>y acHMHJiOBaHO 6 h jio je p a h h j'o m , M ohH H j'oM a jiH h

M o r a a fla yH H iuTH B e p y y cT a p H H C K o r B p x o B H o r 6 o r a n p e 6 a ijH H a tjaB O Jia cB e <J>yHKijHje

Tor 6 o r a

h H a T aj r a

H3HHH JIHKBHflHpa H O H eM O ry h H ...T O ( c e ) fleCHJIO H c a repM aH C K H M B o flaH O M ". r i p e y 3 e T H HaBOfl H3 Haflajiek o n o 3H a T o r f l e jia xobhom

3JiyneHO, noTOM OflCTpaH>eHO (flaKJie, b h a h m o H a flejiy t o t o b o CBe cJ}aH^a3Hje Ha KojHMa noHHBa MOHOTeHCTHHKa nepcneKi|iBa; npHM. B. E. n . ). JJaSor je 6 h o CKHHyT c a c B o r n p e c T O jia h CBoje MecTO y c r y n H O je xP HiuhaHCKOM Eory. KaKo HHje 6 h o y noTnyHocTH yHHUiTeH, a t o ncHXOJiouiKH h HHje M o ry h e, o h je H anp o cT o n o c T a o b p x o b h h 6or c p n c K o r Hai^HOHajiHor

HecBecHor.
H c T o p n ja ajiH h ncnxoT epaneyT C K a n p a K c a Hac yBeK H3HOBa cy o n a B a jy c a 6 o jih o m h c th h o m - noTHCKHBaibe H npojeK U H ja KaKO KOJieKTHBHHX T3KO H HHflHBHflyajihhx caflpacaja, HHcy u;ejiHcxoflHa h n o CTojaHa p a 6 oT a. JJa6or, MpaHHa h H ejacH a 4)Hr y p a H aiue naraH CK e npouiJiocT H , Ha BpJio y n e n a T J b H B Hah h h n o K a3 y je h c t h h h t o c t M ora cyfla. Oh je HeyxBaTJbHB, jaB Jba c e y BpeMeHy Kafla H>eMy t o o flro B a p a , Ha HaHHH K ojn My o flro B a p a , Ha MecTy K oje caM o fla 6 n p a . n p e M a MajKaHOBHheBHM ncTpaacHBaibHM a p e n je o 6 o r y jiyTaiiHUH, nyTHHKy, B Jiaflapy rpaHHHHHX o 6jia -

B.

H a jK a H O B H h a O cp n c K O M

Bp-

6 o r y (H a jK a H O B H h , CTp. 1 0 4 ) y K a s y je H a,

H a n p e f l H a B e fle H e , n o c T y n K e K ojH M a c e c jiy a c n m o h o T eH 3aM cB ecT H - p e xi j e o M exaH H 3M H M a n o T H C K H B aib a h n p o je K U H je . H e o c n o p H O j e fla j e t)aB O H acjieflH H K J J a 6 o r o B ; y n p H J io r TOM e r o B o p e 4>H3HHKe o c o 6 H H e, K a p a K T e p , a T p n 6 y T H , c}}yHKijHje K o je c y 3ajeflH H H K e

naraHCKOM
paB a h Ha

6 o r y h J)a B o jry . H ajK aH O B H h H a c

flpyry

B a*H y

H HH >em m y - i)a B o ,

yn030nonyT

M0H0TeHCTHHK0r 6 o r a , h caM flOJia3H, K a o f la p , c a

H cT O K a: 'B a B O ..^ n a ra H H 3 M y e B p o n c K H X H a p o f la , H n je

160

161

cth, rocnoflapy OH.er CBeTa, 6 ory KpBHHKy (Tj. ohom Koja y 3HMa aym e yMpjinx; npHM. B. B. II.), BOflHHy flyiua y aoh>h cBeT, Bpany, HcuejiHTejty, ohom Kojn oflpel>yje cyfl6 HHy, 6 o ry ojiyje h, h ito je MOJKfla HajBaacHHje, 6 o ry flaBaoijy h flapoflaBijy (,0,aj-6or). YKpaTKO, cpncKH BpxoBHH 6 o r npeflCTaBJta cBeyKynHOCT nCHXHHKHX 36HBaH>a Ha H3p33HTO apX3HMHOM HHBoy, oflHOCHO, H3paacaBa oho CTaH>e ncnxe y KOMe cy MOBeKOBa BOJta h paflH > e to to b o HcroBeTHe 60 xaHCKHM, a mobck noTnyHo npenyniTeH Ha m hjioct h HeMHJiocT 6 ory. O bh apxajcKH caflpacajn cBoje pyuiHJiaHKo AejcTBO HcnojbaBajy y ohhm cHTva^HjaMa Kafla MOHOTencTHHKa xpHHihaHCKa CBecT HHje y CTaH>y fla H3flpatH KOHCJJJIHKT - OflHOCHO, y CBHM OHHM CHTyaipjaM a Koje cy cyfl6 oHocHe no oncTaHaK cpncKor Hapofla. HanpocTO, MOHOTeHCTHMKa nepcneKTHBa, HHje fl0B0JbH0 MBpcT h H3flpacjbHB cacyfl KOjH MO*e, 6e3 onacHOCTH no ncnxy 3ajeflHHue, fla caiiyBa oxpnCTOBJbeHe C p 6 e ofl 6 paToy 6 ncTBa, poflocKpBH>eH>a, ou;ey6HCTBa h flpyrnx noiuacTH. JJ,a 6 oroBa HeraTHBHa HcnoJbaBaiba 6 ojiho flo>KHBJbaBaMo h flaHac. CBa pau,HOHajma, y3poMHa hjih CBpxoBHTa o 6jauiH>eH>a HeflOBOJbHa cy fla nojacHe MopajiHy h er3HCTeHHHjajiHy KpH3y y K ojy cmo 3 a n a jin ; h o A a 6 o r, Kojn je, He 3a6opaBHMo, 6 o r cyfl6 HHe, KpBHHK, HyflJbHB H T3IHT 6 or, CBOjHM paflibaMa, HenpeflBHflHBHM HaJieTHMa Ha Hamy KOJieKTHBHy HaiinoHaJiHy CBeCT flOKa3yje kojihko pa3yMCKa o 6jamH>eH>a Hame aHOMHje n a fla jy y BOfly. C jih h h o aHTHHKHM 6 oroBHM a XepMecy h JJh o HHcy, repMaHCKOM BoflaHy h y3 XpoM or JJ,a6y npnCTaje jeflaH <f>eHOMeH, HHje ce HeraTHBHo HcnojbaBaibe OHHTaBa h flaHac - Ergriffenheit - CTaibe o6y3eTocTH, cyMaHyTocTH. HeMaHKH H3pa3 THHe ce He caMo OHora Kojn cnonafla (Ergreifer) B eh h OHora K ojn je onceflHyT, c n o n a flH y T (Ergriffener). Kao mTO b h a h m o , JIa6or je ,,ncHXHHKa CHJia, ayTOHOMHH KOMnjieKc H ecB ecH or kojh npo6nja y cBecT HecMeTaHO, y cbhm CHTyai^HjaMa Kafla je sajeflHHija npenjiaBjbeHa CTpen-

h>om h j i h H 3 Jio ceH a fl 0H0m eH > y c y fl 6 oH ocH H X o flJiy K a . H a a c a Jio c r, h o o b o j e H eH 36e * H O , f l a 6 n m y y c e 6 n H o c e h B o t)e H a p o f la , c b h o h h K ojn MHCJie fla j e H a H>HMa fla BOfle H a p o fl h flOHOce n p e c y f lH e , c y fl 60H 0 CHe o flJiy K e . H e 3a6opaBHMO, J I a 6 a j e 6 o r c y fl 6 H He h THeBaH 6 o r aJiH h O H aj K o jn c n o n a f l a . K o j i h k o c y o h h ( B o t) e ) , K a o y o c T a jiO M h c b h m h , o n c e flH y T H c y fl 6 HHOM K ao KOjieKTHBHOM c|jaH T a3 H jo M - 6 h j i o fla c e 6 o p e n p o T H B H>e, 6 h j i o fla MHCJie fla je o H a y h > h x o b h m p y K a M a ? O h h cy, k o j i h k o h m h , onceflHyTH h c t h m 6o t o m , h c t h m a p x e T H n o M ; h 3 a T o , m 3 k o j i h k o t o 6h j i o T e m K o H 3B ecT H , y3flp>KHMo c e o fl n p e6 p 3 H x p e a K u n j a ,
KJiHii,aH>a h

CTajaH>a y 3

c K y T e o h h x K o j n H aM o 6 e h a B a j y

6o Jb e c y T p a h CBeTJiy 6 y fly h H o c T . H>HXOBe p a flH > e , XTeH>a H H36opH H 3B H py H 3 HCTOr B p e J ia O TK yfla h H a m a fle jia ib a , cejbe h o flJiy K e - H3 a p x e r a n a f l a 6 o r a .

Ha paB H H n c H x o j i o m K o r p a 3 p e m e H > a 0B0 r n p o 6 jie M a M O H O TencTH H K a n c H x o jio r H j a H C K a3yje CBy

c B o jy H e M o h ; c B o r n a i^ n je H T a (H H T aj, c p n c K H H a p o f l) M O H O TencTH H K a n c H x o jio r H j a x o h e fla H3JieH H CBojeBpcHHM n c H x o jio m K H M e r3 0 p ijH 3 M 0 M . O H a x o h e fla r a o c J io 6 bflH, npoH H C T H o fl cb h x caflp > K aja 3a K o je f l p a c n fla c y HeHHCTH, S e flo c T o jH H H>eHor 6ojiecH H K a h jih

onacH H n o H > e ra . Kao C B ojy CiaHau,ey M O H O T en craH K a T e p a n n j a HyflH fleBCTBeHy HHCTOTy. Ho HM aj mo H a yMy, fleBHHaHCTBO j e y HaflJbyflCKOM, 6o)KaHCKOM, y a p x e r a n y . ,,To j e B pJiH H a H3Hafl JbyflCKe n p n p o f l e ,
c T p a H a cH Jia y jbyflCKHM flejiaH >H M a v h h H a c cb. J o B a H 3 jia T o y c r a . A j i h , y o c h o b h fleB H H aH C K or a p x e T H n a CTojn H eT p n e jb H B O c T n p e M a cB eM y m T O M o x e fla H a c y n p j b a . C b 3 k o k o c e ofl H a c p a 3 JiH K y je , k o HMa flp y ra H H je cT aB O B e, B p eflH o cT H h jih B e p y , H a K p a jy , C BaK o k o CHBH f l p y r e m h tc k c o 6 p a c u e n o f l B p r a B a c e H c n n THBaH>y, y H > era c e cyMH>a, n a K r a (n a p a H O H flH o ) n p o ro H H M o . A p x e T H n c K H o 6 p a 3au; aeB H H aH C K e h h c t o t c n e flH a j e h HHCTa 6 orH H >a A p T e M H fla . Y aH TH HK a B p e M eH a y T a y p n c y , y x p a M y n o c B e h e H O M fleBH H aHCKoj
He

6 orHH>H, cB em T eH H i^H cy A p T eM H flH n p H H O c n jiH 6 p o j JbyflCKe a c p T B e y KpBH (caM O HM e OBe 6 orH H >e H 3-

162
\

163

B efleH O j e H3 peM H ,,apT aM H C ( p x a n i < ; , r p . - O Ha K o ja K O Jbe). 3ap H H je o B a n p e flc rra B a yne<iaTJbH Ba h n p e T eha! B o rH H > a aeB H H aH C K e h h c t o t c ce yM H JiocT H B Jb y je KJiaH>eM. cT penH > e?

Hnje

n o T o ite r hhcmo cbcchh, 3HaHH caMO fla hhcmo cbcchh apxeT H na K ojn fleJia KaKo y H arnoj HCTopnjH, TaKo h y HaiUHM JKHBOTHMa. * * *
C B e H 3 p e n e H o o apxeTHny

j i h o b o n p o T O T H n M a c a K p a K o jn

c e h H aM a H a M e h e K a o M o r y h n ,,H 3 Jia3 H3 H e H 3 flp * H B e

B p a h a M c e jom jeflHOM HajKaHOBHheBOM AeJiy O cpncKOM BpX0BH0M Bory. OBora n y T a M oja HMarH H ai^nja j e ycM epeH a Ha jih k jeflH o r f lp y r o r saniTHTHHKa h poflOHanejiHHKa c p n c K o r H a p o ^ a - Ha cB eT or CaBy. HajKaHOBHh Hac, Ha vnenaTJbHB h h c h x o jio h ik h H en o 6 HTaH h 3 iih h . y n y h y je Ha iiHH>eHHii,y Aa j e cb. CaBa Ha c e 6 e n p e y 3 e o M H ore ofl o c o 6 nH a K oje cy H3B0pH0 n p n n a fla jie iteroB O M npeTXOflHHKy - JJa6ory. He paflH ce , HapaBHo, o jih h h o m aKTy npHCBajaH>a Beh o KOJieKTHBHoj npojeK ijH jH . noHHiHTaBaH>e J],a 6 HHe M ohn h y rjie fla HHje h h ijio jiaKO h y OHeKHBaHOM npaBU,y. H n c y CBe o c o 6 HHe, KapaKTepHCTHKe, n c n x o n o u iK a cBojcTBa h jih aTpH^VTH cpncKor naraH C K or 6 o r a p a 3 J i y n e H e TaKO g a flo 6 p n 6yay npeH eTH Ha flo6 p o r nacT H pa CaBy, a jio ih h Ha ^aBOJia. H cb. CaBa M oace 6 h t h THeBaH, 3aBHflaH, n p n c T p a c a H , n a p a ij, 6 o r o jiy je h 6 o r nyTHHK, ncH xonoM n, 6 o r k p b h h k (Tj. 6 o r K ojn y 3HMa A y u iy ; npHM. B. B. n . ) . n o n y T Aa6ora h o h j e HyflJbHB, B aT peH or TeM nepaM eH Ta, cnpeM aH 3 a 3a CHTHHi;y ofly3Me jk h b o t h j i h nouiajbe KaKBy npnpoflH V Henorofly h j i h 6 o jie c T .15 IIlTaBHme, "BaBo h Cb. CaBa ce necTO y npnnoB eT K aM a H aaM yapyjy, cyK o 6 ibaB ajy h o b o H a H3BecTaH HaMiiH r o B o p n k o j i h k o cy OHH p a 3JiHHHTe cTpaH e HCTe M eflajte - o a h o c h o apx eT H na K ojn CTojn y h>hxobom 3ajiet)y. 3 a T o , 6 v a h m o o n p e 3HH, K a^a KajKeMo fla c m o Ha CBeTOcaBCKOM nyTy He KyHeMO c e m h HCKJtyiHBO, y cB eT or n a c r a p a c p n c K o r H a p o f la , B e h h y H>eroBor napn>aK a J],a 6 y; u i t o 0B0 r
H a p a B H o , Moje HManiHapHO HHTan>e HajKaHOBnheB or flen a ce npeBacxoflHO oflHocn Ha cb. C aB y Kao Ha jo u i jenaH m h tc k h o 6 p a 3 a ii, apxeTH n, a He Kao Ha jih h h o c t HHje

J3a6ora

- n p o ja B J b H -

Ban>y H>eroBe cyM3HyTocTH y HauiHM flejiaH>HMa, o cehaH>HM a h pa3MHiujbaH>HMa - THHe ce kojickthbhc

ncHX03e y Kojy, c BpeMeHa Ha BpeMe, 3anaflaMo. Ho nory6Ho jjejcTBo cyKo6a y KyjiTypH oHHTaBa ce y HeneMy uito , MO>Kfla, npeBa3HJia3H yTHi^aj Kojn J],a6Hina BpuiH Hafl HaMa. Obo nocjieflite THHe ce ncnxonaTCKe
jihhhocth h KOJieKTHBHe n c H x o n a T H je .

cbom

p e M e K A e jiy

cpncKOM b p x o b h o m

Bory MajKaHOBHh, y n o rjiaB Jb y nocBeheHOM t)aBOJiy, H aroB euiT aB a M oryhH ocT fla cy, n o p e fl ByKa (KojH je B peM eH O M y o 6 jiHHeH y a H T p o n o M o p c } )H o r J]a6ora; npHM. B. B. n .) . c p n c K H n p e u H o jiH i^ o T B o p eH H h y
flHBOBHMa. J3.HBOBH cy H3UIH n p e U H ( p e H flHB je C T apO c Jio B e H C K o r n o p e K J ia h 3HaHH 6 o x a H C T B o ; npHM.

B. B.

n .),

aJiH 3 a pa3JiHfcy o fl

J]a6ora,

o h > h x o b o m n o p e K J iy ,

cyfl6H H H . K apaK Tepy h j i h 4>yHKijHjaMa M a jio 3HaM O. fla 6 h npoHHKJiH y H>HXOBy n p n p o f l y , y K a 3 a jiH Ha t o K ojy ncHXHHKy 4>yHKUHjy o h h n r p a jy y HauiHM > k h b o t h m 3 , nocjiy>KHheMO c e M eT 0 fl0M K o ja HaM y o b o m T p e H y T K y je flH H a M o ac e 6 h t h o fl no M o h n - k o m riapaTHBHOM MeTOflOM. A aKJie, n 0KyuiajM 0 fla ca3HaMO HeUITO BHU ie O H3IUHM MHTCKHM, flHBOBCKHM, n p e u H M a , TaM O rfle h m b m o flOBOJbHO n o f la T a K a . O b o m npH JiH KO M 3 aflp > K a h y c e H a aH TH H K oj rp H K o j
m h t o -

CTora,

jio rn jH h T H T aH H M a, H a K o je c e H a u iu a h b o b h o c j i a H>ajy h jih H3 K ojnx H a c T a jy .

Kao npeonHMnHjckh 6oroBH, THTaHH npHnaflajy

npejia3HOM nepnofly y KOMe apxaHHHH hobck TeK Tpe6a fla nocTaHe i^ hbhjih30B3h ; BpeMeHy y KOMe npHMHTHBHH HOBeK joiU HHje nOCTaO HOBeK rpaflHTeJb KyjiType. To je BpeMe K o je He 3Ha 3a pHTyajie h Kyjiohom

15

cy HCTopnjcKe 3acjiyre H eocnopH e; npHM. B. B. EL

164

165

TOBe, h h t h 3a flo 6 p o yo6jiHMeHa aHTponoMop<j)HHHa npeflCTaBJbaHja, K oja cy ojjJiHKa b h c o k o pa3BHjeHHX p e jiH rn ja . UlTaBHm e, K ao i h t o Hac y im K a p ji KepeH>H, y TpMKoj HHje 6 h jio KyjiTOBa nocBeheHHX THTaHHMa (K eren y , CTp. 2 4 -2 5 ). KaKO cy, H a * a jio c T , THTaHoM axnja h fl,o6ap g e o E c x n jio B e T pH Jiornje o FLpoM eTejy 3a Hac H3ry6ji>eHH, M opaM o c e o c j i o h h th , 3 a p ajj M o ra UHJba y o b o m p a ^ y , Ha o h o u i t o HaM K a3yjy caBpeMeHH yHeH>auH Ha n o jb y M HTOjiornje. E b o uiT a HaM ro B o p n K . K ep eib H o OBoj apeBH oj p a c n 6 o ro B a: llpH M e o THTaHHMa cy npHMe o 6 oroBHM a K ojh n p n na^ajy t o j i h k o flajieK oj npouiJiocT H fla o H>HMa 3H3MO jeflHHO Ha 0CH0By nojeflHHHx npHMa h Ha 0CH0By uojeduHux (pyHKU,uja K oje cy BpuiHJiH. H M e THTaH je , o a ApeBHHx BpeMeHa, 6 h jio noB e3aH o c a 6oacaHCTBOM CvHi^a, h W3mena fla c e H3B0pH0 o ^ h o c h jio Ha HajBaaKHHjn H33HB 6 n h a K oja cy, flOHCTa, 6 n Jia He6ecKH 6 oroB H , aJiH 6 oroB H H3 flajieK e n p o u u io cT H , jo u i yBeK flHBJbH H HeUodpefjeHU HllKaK6UM 3dKOHUMCl (noflByKao B. B. n .)... THTaHH cy 6 h jih 6oroB H K ojn HHcy H M ajiH HHKaKBe y jio r e o ch m y MHTOJiornjH. H>HXOBa (JjyHKi^Hja je 4>yHKUHja no p ax eH H X ... O b h n o p a a c e H H (6 o ro B H ) H oce y c e 6 n KapaKTepHCTHKe je ^ H e CTapHje MyuiKe reH epai^H je: KapaKTepHCTHKe n p e ^ a K a MHje ce o n ac H e oco6H H e H3HOBa jaB Jbajy y h>hxobhm n o TOMi^HMa (K eren y , 1951. cTp. 2 0 ). H a n p v ro M MecTy, y H3y3eTHOM p a ^ y o jeflHOM 03 T n ra H a - FIpoM eT ejy K ep eib H HCTHie HBe BaacHe u,pTe K oje ,,K p ace OBe flpeBHe 6 o ro B e : hyhristes h atasthalie (HeorpaHHM eh o c t , 6e3o6pa3JiyK , Heo6y3flaHOCT, a p c k o c t , H en p o M H iu jb e H o c T , H eo6y3jjaH y 6 e 3 0 l iH 0CT, o naK ocT , o 6 ec h o c t; BHflH y K ereny, C.: Prometheus, 1963., c r p . 2 7 ).
H a n o c jie T K y , T H T aH H c y , n p e M a H >er 0 B0 M m h -

HaM o n u iT y cJiHKy ncHxojiorHje THTaHa: ocycTBo 3aKOHa h rpaHHua, 0cycTB0 npaBHJia h n o p eT K a, ocyc t b o M epe h MopaJiHocTH, H ajcaaceT H je peneHo, th TaHCKo j e HCTOBeTHo HeyMepeHocTH h oflcycTBy rp aHHua. THTaHH3aM j e HOCHJiaij oflpefjeHe <^yHKi;Hje ncHXonaTHje - MaH>e apxeTHna. Y k o jih k o 6hcmo noKyuiajiH fla THTaHCKO cBeneMo Ha apxeTHn, oHa 6hcmo r a MorjiH o3HaHHTH Kao apxeTHn HeyMepeHocTH hjih K ao apxeTHn npeK opaneiba h npeTepaHocTH.16 KnacHHHH (J)HJiojior B. O t o y caMOM HMeHy obhx proteroi theoi (,,ohhx KojH cy 6hjih 6 o to b h jo iu paHHje Hero jih 3 e B c h ocTajiH 6oroBH ca O jiHM na; npHM. B .B .n .) OTKpHBa H>HXOBe ocHOBHe oco6HHe: ,,HMe ThTaH HMa 3HaMeH>e flHBJbauiTBa", ,,6yHTOBHHUiTBa HJIH MaK ,,3Jia (HeMOpaJIHOCTH, nopoM Hocra) (Otto, V.: The Homeric Gods; New York, Pantheon Books; 1954. CTp. 33). H o , MaKOJiHKo cm o yaaJbeHH ofl h>hx h MaKOjih k o HaM ce m hhhjio fla Hac ofl h>hx uiTHTe, 6apeM, jacH o yo6jiHMeHH 6oroBH h 6orHH>e OjiHMna, THTaHH cy npHcyTHH y HauiHM fleJiaibHMa. I l 0 MeHyT0 M pafly o Ilp o M e T e jy KepeibH j e flao n o flH a c jio B : ,,A pxeT H n JbyflcKe er3HCTertu,Hje h THMe je HarJiacno Be3y K oja n o c T o jn H3Me^y M ohH or pofla 6oroBa h poa cMpTHHKa. H arjiaiuaBaibe THTaHCKe paBHH y m obckobom noHaiuaH>y (THTaHCKe n c H x o jio rn je ) - oflcycTBo 3aKOHa, n o peT K a, M e p e h ca flpyre cTpaH e, o6njbe 3ajia, 16 HnaK MopaMo 6hth onpe3HH y ojipei)HBaH>y THTaHa
Kao apxeTHnoBa, H3 pa3Jiora uito je H>nxoBa ochobhs oajih-

uijbeiby, ,,H 3B opH H KpHMHHajmn rp M K e M H T O Jio rn je (Kereny, C.: The Mysteries o f Kabeiroi y KH>H3H The Mysteries ofl J. Campbell-a; Bollingen Series XXX; Vol. 2; Princeton; 1978., CTp. 45). Hanpefl H aB e^eH H onH C H , K o je H aM ^ a j e K e p e ib H , a h O Baj nocjieH>H, npy*ajy 166

Ka HeorpaHHMeHOCT. THMe ce ohh pa3JiHKyjy ofl jjpyrH x OjiHMnHjckhx - 6oroBa h 6orHH>a, Kojn cy y BejiHKoj Mepn oflpe^eHH h flaTH Kao nocTojaHe, orpaHHMeHe npeflcTaBe. UlTaBHine, aHTponoMopcjDH3aM ojiHMnHjcKHx 6oroBa je CBojeBpcHO orpaHHMeH>e h OMet)aBaH>e obhx mhtckhx jihKOBa. A HacynpoT H>HM a, npeMa Hhjicchobom M HiujbeH>y: THTaHH cy ancTpaKU,nje hjih npa3H a HMeHa 0 MHjeM 3HaMeH>y He MoaceMo cyjjHTH (Nilsson, M. P.: History of Greek Religion; New York; W. W. Norton, 1964. CTp. 144). CTora je cb3ko 03HaMaBaH>e TnTaHa Kao apxenoBa pH3HMaH nocao; B. B. fl.

167

HHBJbaniTaBa, nopoHHOCTH - yKpaTKO HeyMepeHOCTH, HHje 6 h jio HCKJbyHHBo n jio n KepeH>njeBHX TeopnjcKHX pa3MaTpaH>a. I t e r o B o fleJio o Ilp o M e T e jy H a c ra jio je HenocpeflHO n o c jie II C B eT C K or paTa h o6H Jba HeyMepeHocTH, 6e3aKOH>a, 3aJia K oja cy HcnJiHBaJia Ha noBpuiH H y. CaM ay T o p (KepeitH; npHM. B. B. II.) jo n i je aa BpeMe p a T a 6 h o n p o rH aH H3 CBoje p o ^ H e Ma^ a p c K e h 6 h o npHM opaH fla % h b h K ao H 36erjiH i;a y U lB aj^ap cK o j. JlHHHa cyfl6HHa ajiH h c y a 6 n H a u,ejie E B p o n e h cBeTa 6 o jih o cy My yKa3HBajie Ha HHH>eHHu;y fla je HCTopnja HOBeKa HeyMHTHo Be3aHa 3a THTaHe, h fla ce o h h n o M a jta jy Kafl ro jj cmo caMH npeMa c e 6 n h np eM a pyrH M a HeyMepeHH h Heo6y3naHH. Ca T eo p n jcK e CTpaHe, Be3y T nT aH a h JbyAH KepeH>H OTKpHBa y OpcJjHMKHM N HTOBHMa H MHCTep njaM a. IIpeMa OpcjjejeBHM cjiefl6eHHijHMa, TnTaHH cy HOBeKOBH r p e u iH H npeu,H ...'TLpHHa 0 TnTaHHMa, H enpnjaT ejbH M a 3 c b c o b h m h ocrajiH X 6 o ro B a , yBOfl je y npHHy 0 jbyflCKOM pofly" (Kereny, C., 195 1 ., CTp. 2 07). B h jio fla h x je ca3flao THTaH - Ilp o M e T e j, 6 h jio fla cy HacTaJiH H3 n e n e jia , y k o jh je 3 e B c cBojhm MyMHjaMa n p e T B o p n o T nT aH e, jtyflH , t o t o b o npncHJiHO, n c n o jbaBajy THTaHCKy n cH x o Jio rn jy . IIlTaBHnie, cBefloijH cm o fla 3anaflH a u,HBHJiH3ai];Hja n o c r a je cBe BHine t h TaHCKa. npouiJio je cK opo n o Jia BeKa ofl Kafla je K.

MOJKeMO c B e c T H H a T H T a H C K o y H a m e M H a p o f l y , o H f l a t o M O K eM o p e h n 3 a H > ero B e flO M eT e. X e c n o f l j e HMe T H T aH H3BOflHO H3 flBa rp H K a n o jM a , H3 p eH H t i ta i n e in t (n p e B 3 3 H Jia 3 H T H c e 6 e ) h p e n n ti s i s (K a 3 H a ). Cp6n, n o n y r T H T a H a , y c B o jo j H en p o M H H iJteH O C T H ( a t a s th a lia , a x a C T 0 a X id ) n p e B a 3 H J ia 3 e c e 6 e ( t i t a i n e i n t ) , n o K y m a B a jy h n fla o c T B a p e B ejiH K a fle J ia , 36or Kojnx, noT O M , 6 n B a jy KasKH>eHH ( t is i s ) . flecT p y K T H B H O n o H a u ia H > e , 0 K p y T H 0 C T h 3 j i o caM O fle jio M n p o H c x o f le H3 n o T H C K H B a ita c e K c y a jiH O c t h , a r p e c n j e , B o jb e 3a M o h n h j i h 6 h j i o n e r a f l p y r o r HITO ,,MOpa 6 h T H VKJIOH>eHO H3 CBeCTH 3 a p a f l o n y BaH>a HHflHBHflyaJIHHX H KOJieKTHBHHX BpeflHOCTH H H fle a jia . P ^ t t t h t i j i t t t t b o h 3 j i q c B o i e K o p e H e H M ajy y THTaHCKHM a T p n 6 y T H M a - n p a3 H H H H H H eV M epeH O C T H . I I o m T O j e H3BOp 3 Jia y HeHeiMy i h t o c e H e M o x e HCKa3aT H n p e flC T a B a M a , y o 6jiH H H T H y a p x e T H n c K e c |)H ry p e , y H e n e M y h i t o c e H e M o a c e o m c ^ h t h h o rp aH H H H T H , a THM e h H H T e rp n c a T H y n c n x y , o h o M o p a 6 h t h o f l 6 a H eH o . Y 0 B 0 M e j e c a flp a c a H a T p e h a o c h o b h 3 oflJiH K a THTaHCKe n c H x o Jio rH je - y n p o je K u n jH K pH B H ije. IIchx o n a T H ja o 6 n J i y j e k p h b h i i o m ; u r r a B H m e , M oaceM O p e h n : TaM O r f l e HMa n c H x o n a T H je HMa h K pH B H iie, h o 6 p H y T O , TaM O r f l e HMa K pH B H ije HM a h n c H x o n a T H je . K p H B H i;y 3a 3 Jio , 6 h j i o o h o 0 3 H a n e H 0 K a o HHflHBHflyaJiHO h j i h KOJieKTHBHO, B H f l H M O y J3 ,p y ro M e /JI,p y rH M a ( y n c H x o n a T a M a ) , a o h / o h h h x n p o je K T y jy Ha H eK ora h j i h H e u iT o T p e h e . Kpyr c e n o Jia K O 3 a T B a p a h H a K p a jy , jeflH H O u i t o M oaceM O yHHHHTH j e fla nocrajeM o CBeCHH fla CMO H CaMH KpHBH. H a n p O C T O , jeflH H O UITO, 3a c a f la , M o ac e M o yHHHHTH j e t o fla n p H 3 H a M o fla j e n c H x o n a T H ja f l e o JbyflC K e n p n p o j j e ; fla je c b h h o c h m o y c e 6 n , y pa3JiHH HTO M c T e n e H y , K a K o no jeflH H aH H O , T a -

KepeitH Hanncao flejio o IlpoMeTejy - ,,ApxeTHny

ji>yflCKe er3HCTeHL(Hje , noTaKHyT 0H0BpeMeHHM 6 e 33KOH>eM h 3JIOM, a m h flaH ac He MO*;eMO fla c e n o flHHHMO THMe fla JKHBHMO y flpyraHH]HM OKOJIHOCTHM3 -o h h m K oje 3Hajy 3a M epy, nopeflaK , flpyxeji>y6ji>e, caocehaH >e h jih 6apeM , o rp a H H H e ita . PaTOBH 3a HaMa, y KojHMa je , Ha pa3H e HaHHHe, ynecTBOBao caB cpncKH Hapofl, n o M H oro neM y ce oflJiHKyje t h t 3 h c k o m ncnx o Jiornjo M . Ca c b h x 3apaheH H x cTpaH a 6 h jio j e ncyBHiiie HeyMepeHOCTH, npeK opaneH >a, 0KpyTH0CTH, 3BepcTaBa, 3Jia, flHBJbaniTBa h HeMopaJiHocTH. CaM HCXOfl p aT H o r cy K o6a n o Cp6e HHje noBOjbaH. Y k o jih k o y3poK e 0 B 0 r nocjieflH >er K p B o n p o jin h a , KOMe CMO H 3 JIO * eH H H KOMe CMO Ce C3MH H3JIO>KHJIH, He

KO H KOJieKTHBHO. * * * 3aK JbynaK c bo a h m H a cjiefleh e: OBaj pafl je CBojeBpcHH n o K y u ia j o f l r o B a p a i b a H a n H T a ib e o T K y fla 3 Jio ,

168

169

3auiT O 3 jio h npoHCTHHe H3 M oje apxeT H ncK e o p n jeH TauH je. Ilo K y u ia o caM Aa ce 3aJio*:HM 3a jeflaH BHfl HHTepaKi(H 0 HHCTHiiK0 r npHCTyna n p o 6 jxeMy 3jia. IIlTaBHUie, MHUiJbeH>a caM fla HaM je H eonxoflaH CBojeBpCHH, MeTa(J)OpHHKH peMeHO, nCHXOJIOUIKH CHH KpeTH33M (MOHOTeHCTHHKe h nojiHTeHCTHMKe n e p c n e K THBe); y npOTHBHOM, aKO r a He npHXBaTHMo K ao m oryhn T epaneyT C K H n o cT y n aK H 3JiaxeM o c e u o h o b h h m KOH(J)JiHKTHMa h cTpenH>H y KyjiTypH, K oja He p a ija caM o cTBapajiaMKe n jio a o B e B eh h njioflOBe 3Jia. JyHr Hac je necTO y n o 3o p a B a o n a je n c n x o T e p a nnja nojeflH H aua HCTOBpeMeHO h ncHXOTepanHja KyjiType. OBaj c jio raH M0ceM 0 fla m h t 3 m o y 06 a npaBU,a. IlpBo, naHHjeHT je HHflHBHuyajiaH H3pa3 ( 6 h jio n o 3HTHBaH, 6 h jio HeraTHBaH) 3 eH T re n c T -a ; T e Ay6 nHCKa aHaJiH3a M opa y c e 6 e fla yK Jtyiin h aHajiH3y n o je AHHMeBor VAejia y KOJieKTHBHoj c b c c th . H ,p y ro , T e p annja ncHX0 naT 0Ji0 uiKHX HcnojtaBaH>a flaT o r nau;HjeH Ta HCTOBpeMeHO je h T e p a n n ja ncHX0 n aT 0 Ji0 iiiKHX H cnojtaBaH >a flaTe K yjiType. CTora, ncH X O Tepannja M opa fla 6 yfle 3acHOBaHa Ha KyjiTypH. Y k o jih k o ncHx o T e p a n e y T He n o c e fly je KyjiTypajiHy nepcneK TH By np eM a acHBOTy h yKOJiHKO HHje cBecTaH fla 6 oJiecTH HMajy CBoje K opeH e y KyJiTypaJiHHM KOMnjieKCHMa, OHfla o h HHje fleJiaTaH H y cn eu iaH . Kafla cxb3T hm o fla je H3Bop 6 ojiecTH H au ie K yjiType y noTHCKHB3H>y, cxBaTHheMO fla j e o h o u i t o j e Hajfly 6 jb e n0THCHyT0 y HaMa oJiHMeHo y n p a B o y t h m 6 o*;aHCKHM 6 nhHM a h fla cy caMH 6 oroB H t h K o jn n o K p e h y y HaMa H aiua H a jfly 6 jb a ncHXHMKa CTaH>a. Ca CTaHOBHUiTa apxeT H ncK e ncH X O Jiornje noTHCKHBaH>e caMO n o c e 6 n HHje 3jio. a H H TerpauH ja h ocB eiuhH B aibe J],o6po; noTHCKHB3H>e j e usaop 3na, a HHTerpaHHja H36 aBjben>e ofl H>era. Ho, Kafla je peM o 6op6n c a CeHKOM h 3JIOM, M opaM o HMaTH Ha yMy fla 3Jio Kao apxeTHncKH caflpacaj HHKafla He Moace 6 h t h y uejiocT H HHTerpHcaHO, h h t h OMOBeMeHO. U I to je 3Jio BHUie apxeTHncKO, THMe r a BHiue floacHBJbaBaMO Kao 6e3jiHMHO. A pxeT H ncK a CBojcTBa 3Jia cy h T a fla oho

n o c e fly je THTaHCKy flHMeH3Hjy: o h o je 6 e 3 3 a K O H a , 6 e 3 n opeT K a, 6e3 Mepe, 6e3 r p a m m a ; oflJiHKyje ce H eyM epeH ouihy, npa3HHHOM. IIIto je H a jro p e , y cb o jh m Hajfly 6 jbHM cjiojeBHMa o h o h n p e c T a je fla 6 yfle a p x e T H nC K O , Tj. M 3K OJIH KO TO 3B yM aJIO n a p a flO K C a J IH O , o h o ce He pe<J)JieKTyje je p HeMa n p e f lC T a B a K p o 3 K o j e h e ce npojaBHTH.

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J1HTEPATYPA
1. Lopez-Pedraza, R. (1990): Cultural an.\iety. Daimon Verlag. Einsideln, 1990. 2. Hillman, J. (1975): Re-visioning psycho!ogy. Harper and Row. New York, 1975. 3. Jung, C.G. (1968): AION: Researches into the phenomenologv ofthe se/f C W 9 II. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 4. Radin, P. (1954): Monotheism among primitive people Basel, Bollingen Foundation 5. Jung, C. G. (1971): Psycholof>ical types, CW 6, Princeton: Princeton University Press. 6. Jung, C.G. (1967): Svmhols o f transformation, CW 5, Princeton: Princeton University Press. 7. Hillman, J. (1985): Archetypal psychology, Spring, Dallas. 8. Jung, C. G. (1968): Alchemical studies, CW 13, Princeton: Princeton University Press.

IIOXBAJIA CABPIIIEHCTBA
h jih

noxBAjiA nyjj;ocTH
A k o ueKO M ei)y ea jn a m u c jiu d a je u y d a p y o e o M e eu jeK y, HeKa 6 y d e n y d d a 6 u 6 u o M y d a p

1. K O P 3:18
cb. a n . I la B J ie

9. HajKaHOBHh, B. (1941): O cpncKOM B e o rp a fl; C pncK a K paaeB C K a AKafleMHja.

bpxobhom

6 o ry ,

10. Kereny, K. (1963): Prometheus: archetvpal image of human existence, Pantheon Books: Bollingen Series LXV; New York. 11. Kereny, K. (1951.): The gocls o fth e Greeks, Thames and Hudson, London. 12. Kereny, K. (1978): The mvsteries o f kaheiroi, y KH.H3H The mysteries, npHpei)HBaH J. Campbell. Bollingen Series XXX, vol. 2; Princeton. 13. Nilson, M. P. ( 1964): Historv ofgreek re/igion, W.W. Norton; New York. 14. Otto, V. (1954): The homeric gocls, Parthenon Books, New York.

IIpHnpeMajyhH c e 3 a oB aj cK yn n p a 3 ro B o p K ojn c e THlie H fleajia jtyflC K or caBpmeHCTBa o6paTHX ce A paroM npH jaT eJby, MOBeKy ^ o MHjer m h j e MHiiiJBenba cT ajio, HaflajyhH ce jja he Me noApJKaTH h fla he c x B a t h t h , 6apeM o h , 3auiTO caM ce oflJiyMno a 36opHM ynpaBO o 0H0M e u i t o he y6p3o ycjieflHTH. Y m c c to HiUMeKHBaHe n o flpuiK e h p a3 y M eB aita o ^ H>era a o 6 h x KpaTKy h jacH y du,eHy MeHe h M ojnx 3aMHCJiH: ,,ByflaJio". IteroB ji3 k o h c k h H3peMeH cyp o m c h h h c t o BpeM eHo je h o c h o b h h ca^pjK aj M ora p a a a . CTora h HHje MyflHo u i t o je o h , h jih i u t o 6 h h c k h ofl B a c , 3aKibyMHO fla caMO 6 y flajia M O *e fla c e ycyflH fla roB opH o JiyflocTH Ha cKyny K ojn ce THMe JiyflCKor caB pm eH cTBa. I I o i u t o cMaTpaM fla je t o Moryhe, noflejiH hy ca BaMa cB oje 3ajiyflHe H fle je . Ho, npe H e ro oTnoMHeM ca H3JiaraH>eM c b o j h x 3aMHCJiH MopaM BaM pehn H3 K oje nepcneK TH B e n p o MaTpaM no jaB y o Kojoj he H aflajbe 6 peMH. Moje noJia3He 0CH0Be cy ncHXHMKe h T e p a n e y T C K e , a n o ^ o bhm nojjpa3yM eBaM aa MOBeKOBa cnoco 6 H o cT o n a caH>a h pa3yMeBan>a cBeTa noMHBa Ha ncHXH, t o j e c T , Ha apxeTHncKHM npeflCTaBaMa K oje cy H3Bop cB aK or ca3HaH>a h 3oacHBJi>aBaH>a. IlpH fleB ,,apxeTH ncK e ce H e THMe Heca3HaTJbHBor HoyM eHajiHor c a ^ p a c a ja y
h t h h

172

173

HecBecHOM, Beh HeflOKyMHBe ajiH (JjeHOMeHajiHe h n o jiHMOp<|>He n p n p o fle caMHX npejjcT aB a. f la jb e , 4>eHoMeHajiHH acneK T apxeT H noB a oflH ocn c e Ha h c t o b c t h o c t npeflCTaBa h CMHCJia. O B a TBpjjH>a cB oje noT KpenjbeH>e HaJia3H y peHHMa K. T. JyHra: IlpeflCTaBe h cMHcao cy HCTOBeTHH; h flOK c e npBO y o 6 jiH liaB a, noTOH>e n o c T a je jacHO. Y cTB apn, o 6 p a 3 a ij He TpaacH o6jauiH>eH>e; o h oflCJiHKaBa BJiacTHTH CMHcao (Jung,

CW 8, 402.)
flaK Jie, M oje ncH xojiouiK e pecjjjieK cnje n c x o fle H3 apxeT H ncK e n cn x o Jio rH je K oja cM aTpa fla cBaKO ca3HaH>e Mopa 6 h t h npoyMeHO nocpeflCTBOM a p x e n c k h x npeflCTaBa. IlpBeHCTBo npeflCTaBa h npeflCTaBJbaH>a (4>aH Ta3H ja; npHM. B. B. Ilo n o B H h a ) n o flp a 3 y MeBa cBojeBpcHy HMarHHajiHy peflVKii,Hjy h jih a p x e TnncKH n o B p a h a j - B p a h a ib e Ha m h tc k c o 6 p a c n e h jih jih m h o c th H arne n c n x e . A pxeTH ncK O r i c o r s i H aro BeuiTaBa fla cy 4>aHTa3HjcKe npeflCTaBe o c h o b h h caHHHHTejbH jbyflCKe er3H CTeH unje. IUTaBHiue, oBe n u m in a - e cy r p a t) a ofl K oje cTBapaMO CBeT h peaJiH ocT. C T o ra je h cb 3 k h noHeTaK n o e3 H ja h jih ncH x o n o e3H ja (T B opeib e fly u ie ), nocpeflcTBOM npeflCTaBa h MeTacJsop a . ,,IIcH X onoe3H ja... j e npeB acx0flH 0 ycM epeH a Ka 6yt)en>y ncH xojiouiK e Bepe; oH e Bepe K oja c e noM aJba H3 ncH xe h H cnojbaB a K ao Bepa y p e a jiH o c r fly iu e

n0K yuiaB aM 0 fla npeHHaMHMo 6ecMHCJieHH, HeKafla noHH>KaBajyhH x a o c h naTH>y h>hxobhx acHBOTa y cm hcaoH e MHTCKe npHnoBecTH, Kaace, flp a M e (HeKafla T paraM He, HepeTKO KOMHMHe). I l p e o 6 p a * a j 6ecMHCJieh h x , noTMHH>aBajyhHX, n o p a * a B a jy h H x h jih noHHacaB a jy h n x caflpacaja y pa3yMJbHBe M HTojioreM e h m hTeMe, n p eflcraB Jb a jeflaH ofl o c h o b h h x Hcu,ejbyjyhHX MHHHona ncHXOTepanHje. H ecxB aheH H j k h b o t n o je flHHHa noMHH>e nocpeflCTBOM MuuicKe mipanuje n o npHMaTH o 6 p n c e npHXBaTJbHBe 6norpa(J)H je.
H cT O B p e M e H O , M o p a M o HM aTH H a y M y fla MHTCKe n p e flC T a B e , H fle je h j i h (|)a H T a 3 H je H H cy aH aJiH 3H ,

caflpacajn K o je ,
h c th x

HCKJbyMHBO, o f lH r p a B a jy o c o 6 e K o je c e n o f l B p r a B a j y

Beh c m o

h mh

TepaneyTH 0 T eji0 B Jb eH > e

h j i h h h h x m h t c k h x o 6 p a 3 a H a . Pa3JiH M H T e n c n x o T e -

p a n n jc K e u iK O Jie n p y a c a j y n a n n je H T H M a pa3JiH M H T a
o6 jau iH > eH > a (pa3JiH M H T e MHTCKe H a p a n n j e ) h > h x o b h x

naTH>H; o T y fla cJjpojflOBCKa h j i h jy H ro B C K a m h t o j i o -

rnja, nepjicoBCKa
T e p a n n jc K a CTBeH H3MHH,

h j i h 6epH O B C K a. h j i h M a K o ja H H a

M H T O jio rn ja , n o K y u ia B a , H a

ce6n c B o jH3rpaflHTH, H3 H3CyMHMHHX H XaOTHM HHX

f l o r a ^ a j a n aH H jeM T O B o r acH BO Ta, 3aH HM JbHBy h flo acH BJbajH O y B e p jS H B y m h t o j i o i u k ^ * H B O T H y npH M y.

OBa

M o h h B eu iT H H a K o jo M

neyT H

npe

c B e r a noMHBa H a

pacnojia*y ncnxoTepaH>HXOBqj CBecTH fla cy h

(IlonoBHh, 1988).
Haflajbe, o h o i u t o n o B e3 y je n c H x o jio rn jy , aHaJiH3y h n c H x o T e p a n n jy (T B opeibe fly iu e ) cy h>hxobc MHTOJiouiKe ocHOBe. BeJiHKH fleo H a u ie r CBaKOflHeBH o r n c H x o T e p a n e y T C K o r p a fla 3acHOBaH j e Ha m h to JiornjH . HauiHM nauHjeHTHMa noM aaceM o y OTKpHBaH>y MHTCKHX KBaJIHTeTa KOjH pyKOBOfle H>HXOBHM acHBOTHMa, Tj., o H o ra u i t o o6jiH K yje h o 6 p a 3 y je h>hxoBe JiHMHe M HTOjiornje. PeMeHo je3HKOM aJixeM Hje, H am aHajiHTHMKH pafl, k o jh HeKafla T p a je roflHHaMa, ycM epeH je Ka n p e o 6 p a x ;a jy m a s s a c o n fu s a - e HauiHX KJinjeHaTa. Y n p o n e c y y K ojn cm o h caMH y u,ejiocTH ypoH>eHH, k o jih k o h o c o 6 e KojHMa npy>KaMO noM oh,

o h h caM H , K ao h H>HxoBe n c H x o J io r H je h T e p a n n j c K e T ex H H K e, pyK O B o t)eH H o c o 6 eHHM MHTOBHMa. H a * a j i o c t , m h T e p a n e y T H MecTO y M H iu jb a M o fla M oaceM O cB ojeB O JbH O

y m h to b h m 3 npaBHTH H36op o h h x n p e flC T a B a

fla h eM O

h j i h M H T O Jio reM a K o jn H aM c e yMHHe a o jih m h h m , c a -

BpeMeHHM, CaBpUieHHM HJIH HyMHH03HHM, T e

t h ecfjH K acH H jn h y c n e u iH H jH y p a f ly .

npey3H M ajyhn H a c e 6 e caM O n o3H T H B H e c a f l p a c a je 6 h YHCTHHy, oBaKBa p a 6 o T a He npeflCTaBjba HHiUTa flp y ro flo HacHjbe Hafl npeflcrraBaM a h n e n a ib e a p x e THnoBa. IlpoHcxofl p a c n e n a , y KOMe no3HTHBHe n p eflcTaBe ap xeT H na Tepaneyra (H cn ejiH T ejb , C nacH T ejb, IIIaMaH, Myflpau, h cji.) n o c T ajy KOJieKTHBHa HopM a, j e

174

175

Taj fla ce BpeMeHOM h oHe HeraTHBHe h o6e3Bpei)eHe noMHH>y noMajtaTH. Kaflrofl aHajiHTHHap CHMyjinpa fla je oH/oHa 3aHCTa HocHJiaq jeflHe 03 yHanpe# H3a6 paHHx n o 3HTHBHHX npeflcraBa T epaneyT a, noHHH.e ce y H>eMy/H>oj jaBJbaTH ocehatbe KpHBHHe 36or HacJiyhHBaH.a npncycTBa HeraTHBHHX npeflcraBa y ce 6 n. riocjieflHHa je Ta fla aHajiHTHHapn Hepaao yjia3e y KomTaH ca HeraTHBHHM acneKTHMa apxeTHna, Te H>ero B a TaMHa cTpaHa noHHH>e fla ce noBJiaHH y H ajjjy6jbe cnojeBe n yw e, rj. y hccbscho. r io n y T cbhx apxeTHnoBa h OBaj, o KOMe je pen, HenpeKHjjHo flejia Kpo3 cBe Hac, a t o HaM oMoryhaBa fla ce h ca h>hm cy 0HHM0 y Maiboj hjih Behoj Mepn. Ho, yKOJiHKO o cynejbaBaH>a He aol)e h He BacnocTaBHMo HHKaKaB oflHoc ca flejiOBHMa hjih i^ejiHHOM apxeTHna, oh noHHH>e na npey3HMa apxaHHaH, acm ohckh o 6jihk. Y o 6 jih h h jih ce Ha TaKaB h3iihh, to to b o je HeMoryhe na ce ca H>HMe yxBaTHMO y KouiTau, h HeH36e*HH npoH cxop; je H>eroBo npojeKTOBaibe y cnojbamifcH c b c t - Ha H au ie nauHjeHTe, 6 jiH*H>e, H A eoJiornje, caMy ncnxojiornjy h ncHxoTepannjy hjih Ma iHTa Apyro u ito HajiHKyje n 0THCHyT0M, henpojKHBJbeHom hchxhhkom caflp>Kajy. (OBaj pafl je fleJioM nocBeheH TepannjcKHM HMnJiHKaHHjaMa noTHCKHBaiba Byflajie y caMHM aHaJiHTHHapHMa; npHM. B. B. n .) HanocjieTKy, TBopeite flyme je cBojeBpcHa ncH X O Tepannja; KaKO Hac yiiH IJ. XnjiMaH: IlcHxa TpaacH ncHxojiorHjy Kao H eonxoflH y 3a cBojy Tepannjy, ajiH Tpaacn h ncHxonaTOJiorHjy He 6h jih ca3j*ajia cBojy ncHxoJiorHjy (Hillman, 1975.). T epannja, Kao IHTO BHflHMO, HHje CaMO HeiHTO IHTO Ce OflBHja H3Met)y TepaneyTa h nauHjeHTa; t o je npou,ec Kojn ce Ha MaxoB e oflBHja tokom HaiiiHX HHflHBHnyajiHHX TparaH>a 3a flyuioM . HauiHX noKyuiaja fla pa3yMeMO BJiacTHTe CKJIOHOCTH, Kp03 KpHTHHKe OnaCKe, CaBeTe, nOflCTHHaje h HMnepaTHBe K oje ce6n HaMeheMO. CBe flOK ce 6aBHMo ncHxonoe3HjoM mh cmo y TepannjH; oahocho, mh cmo cbh (h CBaKOMe) ncHXOTepaneyTH. 1I chxo -

T e p a n H j a c e , b h a h m o , H e o flB H ja c a M o n o 6 o JiH H H aM a,

npHBaTHHM opflHHaHHjaMa Beh cByfla h Ha CBaKOM Mec r y , y csaKOM TpeHyTKy, TaMO rfle c e oflH rpaB a ,,tb o p e i t e fly u ie .
H a npBH norjiefl H eM a H H K aK B or p a 3 J i o r a fla c e o 6 y fla jiH , 6 eH H , JiyflH h j i h jypoflHBOM r o B o p n H a c K y n y K o jn 3a C B o jy T eM y HM a c a B p m e H C T B o . H o , a K o c e caM O flO T aK H eM o 3 H an eH > a p e H H caB p m eH C T B O , B H f l e h e M O fla c e H eK aK B a B e 3 a H 3 M el)y o b h x n o jM O B a M o a c e y c n o cTaBH TH . P e n caBpmeH ( h H>oj c p o f lH e p e n n cpncKor je3HKa - flo 6 a p , i ; e o , 6 ecn p eK o p aH ) HaM K a 3 y jy o najC T e n e H y o c o 6 H H a K o je y C B ojoj B p c r a H M ajy C TB apH , H fle je ; T a K o jje , p e n j e o o c o 6 h h h m n p o K o r cM HCJia K o ja o 6 y x B a T a cB e m T O j e y C B ojoj BpCTH K o p u c u o , a y h c t o B p e M e , n o M epH JiH M a c p e flHHe, M o p a jiH o .17 C j i h h h o j e h c a p e n j y n e p 4 > e K T a H (p e rfe c tu s - c a B p m e H , n o T n y H H a ji 3 th h c k o m ) h y o b o m c j i y n a j y p e n j e o H e n e M y H 3BpcHOM , o a j i h h h o m , 6 e 3 I p e u i K e u M c w e , fla K Jie ca B p m e H O M h n 0 T n y H 0 M . Y 06 a c j i y n a j a b h a h m o fla c B e H H je t b k o je f lH o c r a B H o ; c a je flH e c T p a H e , c a B p m e H C T B o j e H e i i r r o h h c t o , H e y K a JbaH O , KOpHCrtO, M OpaJIHO HJIH HeJIOBHTO, fla K Jie , H em T O n o jK e J b h o h n p H X B aT jb H B o , a c a f l p y r e c T p a H e , M3KOJIHKO t o 3 B y n a J io n a p a f lo K c a jiH o , H e m T o H e n e jio b h t o , H e n o T n y H o ; H a n p o c T o , c T o r a m T o H3 c e 6 e H C K jb y n y je c B e r p e m H o , H e M o p a jiH O , H e iie jiH c x o flH o , HajH HJK e y jb y flH M a, cT B ap H M a h j i h H flejaM a. 3 a T o , fla 6 h c m o y o n m T e M o rjiH fla r 0B0pH M 0 o c a B p m eH C T B y , M0p a M 0 fla r 0 B0pH M 0 h o OHOMe m T O j e H H (|)epH 0p H 0 , MaH>e BpeflHO, flOH>e h j i h m T O j e y K a jb a H o . YcTBapH, c M a T p a M fla c e h c h x h h k h p a c T h y H ejio B jb aB aH > e JIHHHOCTH jeflH H O O C T B ap y je K p 0 3 CMHCaOHO y p aB H O T e * a B a H > e H H C T or h H e H H c r o r y HOBeKy ( k a t h a z o s -m y a ro s / K a 0 a p o q - |ii a p o q ) . J iH u a , M h c j ih m fla j e c a f la ja c H H je 3 a m T O scejiH M fla 3 6 o p H M O jypO flHBO CTH ,

euiueM

JiyflHpaH>y

H O HOCHOHHMa

17 B hah y KH>H3H C hhohhm h H CpOflHe peHH CpnCKOxpB3TCKor je3HKa. M. JlajieBHh. B eorpafl, JleKCHKorpa^ickh 3 a B O f l , 1974.

176

177

obhx

o c o 6 H H a .lx j l y n y , 6 y o a j i y h j ih jy p o f lH B o r H O B eK a M e l)y 6 p o jH H M apxeT H noB H M a, apxeT H n

MOJKeMO n p o H a h n y c p u ,y t o t o b o c B a K e p e j i H r n j e h K y ji T y p e . Jiy fle j e H ajH ejacH H jH , HajH ecxBaTJi>H BH jH . H > eH a n p n p o f l a j e n a p a flO K c a jiH a h p a 3 B e ja B a cB aK y H a n y g a M o a c e 6 h t h c x B a h e H a H3 H a m e c B e c H e n e p c n e K T H B e ; y n p a B o C T o r a M o p aM O c e o c j io h h t h H a CBe p a c n o j i o o iB e H 3 B o p e h n p e T n o c T a B K e .

n p n p o a e ; npHM. B.E.n.), y npaTH>H j e 6jiyflHHHe, jjb o r y 6 e je n p H p o a e , anocjDaTHHHa je , npeTena je CnaCHTeJba h H>eroB npaTHJian.

JypoflHBH c e

H en p eK H R H o K p e h e H 3M et)y cB eT O B a

n o p e T K a h p a c y j i a , t 3 k b o m 6p3HHOM h Jia K o h o M K aK B y H e c p e h e M o h h k o a j e f lH o r f l p y r o r a p x e T H n c K o r jiH K a. f l a 6 h c m o y o n iH T e M o rjiH n a c x b 3 T H m o H a m y n c T o p n j y h n o T p e 6 y 3a pacTOM h y H e jio B jta B a H > e M , M o p a M o c e cyoH H T H c a H >er 0B0M Hpau,HO HajiH OM H enpenB H H H B O M n p n p o flO M h n o H a m a ite M . H 3 y 3 e T H o 6 o ra T C T B o (|>eH O M eH O Jio rn je jy p o flH B o c T H h Jiy flo cT H M o*e H ac H aB ecT H H a n o M H c a o fla j e o B a j a p x e T H n n 0 T n y H 0 H e o flp e flJtH B . H o , rn ia K n o c T o j n oflpei)eHH 6 p o j H>eto b h x o c o 6 H H a K o je ce cpehy

Y o c h o b h , Jiyaa je a B o ry 6 e h flBOCMHCJieH n p H p o jje, aHOMajiHa je h nojiHBajieHTHa h n o TOMe je x h b o OTejioTBOpeHbe fJ)HJioco(J)CKor npHHHHna coincid e n tia o p p o sito ru m " H h k o jic o ^ Ky3e. H enpeK H aH o ce K p eh e , Hfle ofl cB eT or jjo npo4> aH or, ofl n p n p o flH o r Ao K yjiT ypajiH or, ofl ncnxH H K or a o ayxoB H or, op, Marn jc K o r ,qo MHCTHHHor, ofl *HBOTa flo c M p ra ; a HnaK, h h je flH o j Ofl o b h x o 6jiacTH He n p n n a fla , h h jeflH a ofl h>hx je He oflp ei)y je h h t h oM et)yje. n o n y T aJixeMHn a p c K o r M e p K y p a HeyxBaTJbHBa je , ajiH 6 e 3 H>e He Moace fla ce H3Befle o n y c TBopeH>a flym e.

ByflaJia j e

aH O M ajiH e n p n p o f l e

(a

- n o m o s ) , H3BaH

r p a H H n a H opM ajiH or, n p o n n c a H o r, o n e K H B a H o r; Kpeh e ce n p e K O c b h x r p a H H ija , HaflHJia3H cB e K JiacH (|)H K a n H je h K a T e ro p n je .

3a H>y HeMa HenpHKOcHOBeHHX h

B ehH H H MHTOBa,

H en o B p e flH B H x M e ^ a h 3aK O H a, 6 h j i h o h h p ejiurnjcK H , JIHHrBHCTHHKH, enHCTeMOJIOUIKH, MeTa<|>H3HHKH HJIH K y jiT y p a jiH H . F v m e h n n p e f l c o 6 o m ( h j i h 6oJi> e p e n e H o caM HM c o 6 o M ,lin p H M .

p e j i H r n j a h n p e f l a i t a 6 p o jH H x K y jiT y p a .

c p e f lH iir r y a p y re :

oBor

r p o 3 f l a o c o 6 H H a c y flB o c M H C jieH o c r h aH O M ajiH aflO B e3 y jy 6 p o jH e

h o c t J iy e . H a h > h x c e

B.B.n.)

CBe ycT aH O B Jb eH e r p a -

HaKa3H OCT, fleT H H >acT ocT , o n c e H a p c T B O , c n o c o 6 H o c T

n a c e K p e h e y pa3HHM n p aB H H M a ( j i y a j e n o jiH T p o n H e

18 HeKH cT pora HayciHH HHCTyHai< 6h ce cnrypHO ycnpoTHBHO H3jeflHaHaBaH>y jy p 0flHB0CTH h JiyaocTH, 6ynajie h ,,Jiyne XpncTa paflH, h o nouiTo ce 6sbhm apxerancKHM npeflCTaBaMa, a He nojMOBHMa hjih cTBapHHM jihhhocthm 3, obo H3jeflHaiiaBaH>e mh je nonyuiTeHO, iiaK HeonxonHo. Jep jeflHHo aMnjiHtJ)HKaiiHjoM h TparaHbeM 3a cJiHHHocTHMa H3Mei)y pa3HOJiHKHX ncHXHHKHX npencraB a mosccmo tb o pHTH flyuiy. AMnJiH^JHKaiiHja je m ctoji Kojn mh cjiyscn Kao opyl)e KojHM uinpHM h npony 6jbyjeM 0CH0Be rpal)eBHHe Ha Kojoj noHHBajy Moja TyManeH>a. ^aKJie, y paay ce npeBacxoflHO 6aBHM apxeTHncKOM paBHH, He nepcoHajiHOM, Te Kafla roBopHM o 6eHH, Jiy3H, jypoflHBOM, 6jiecaHy hjih HaK33H, ja roBopHM npBeHCTBeHO o (apxeTHncKHM) npeflCTaBaMa Ha KojHMa noHHBajy obh, Ha nepcoH ajinoj paBHH, pa3HOJIHKH MHTOBH H 0C 06e.

HHue, ja c H O O M e ^ e H e o 6 jia c T H , OHa c e K p eh e 6 p 3 o , M 3 x h h t o , TOTOBO n p n c H J iH o H a n p e f l - H a 3 a fl, H>eHa n p n c H J iH a n o T p e 6 a fla c e K p e h e, fla H e cT ojn y M e c r y , He Moce c e h h h h m o6y3flaTH. C p eh e M o j e H a c b h m
M ecT H M a, n o c e 6 H O o h h m rpaH H H H H M - r f l e c e n o j i n c rp aH H H H c a flHBJbHHOM, h h c t h h k t h b h o ca flyxoBHHM, jty flC K O c a 6 o x a H C K H M - H eM a C T a jiH o r 6 o p a B H i i r r a |L|, H en p eK H flH O ce K p e h e K p o 3 o 6 jia c T H Koje cy M a p T H H aJiH e. Y b c k c e ja B i b a 3 a o fle H y T a y f l p v r o p y x o , c a

36or T o ra j e n o K y u ia j fla ce o n p e flM e ra , ao cjio b h o o c y ^ e H Ha n p o n a c r . YcTaHOBJi>aBaH>e a3HJia 3a yM o6ojiH e, ncH xocj)apM aK a, EKT (e jie K T p o u io K a ), c a n n H>aBaH>e h o 3 o jio u ik h x K a T e ro p n ja caM o je , Ha npBH n o rjie fl, yK poTH Jio o h o iu t o j e HeyKp0THB0. C B ejioiiH cm o fla JiyflHJia HMa BHiue H e ro u it o r a je 6 h jio h fla ce jaB jb a TaM o, h y TaKBOM o6jiHKy, r n e r a h h cm o oneKHBajiH.
cxb 3T h ,

19

178

179

A p y rn M CTaBOBHMa, H fle ja M a , H a a p y rH M 6 o p aB H iH T H -

Ma. H aK h K a fla TBpflHMO fla j e flB 0 CMHCJieHa, y 3B paha

HaM fla j e H a u i c y fl cyB H U ie je f lH o c r a B a H h fla j e BHUie n o jiH B a jie H T H a H e r o j i h flB o ry 6 a. O n e T , aK O TBpflHMO o b o f l p y r o , fla j e M H o ro c T p y K a , H a flM o h H o h e H aM flo K a 3 aT H fla j e h t o c y B H iu e je flH o c ra B H O .

y
materia ,

B ehH H H p e j i n n i j a h K y jiT y p a r f l e c e 6 e H a h j i h ce K a o a Jix e M H H a p c K a

jiy f la ja B J b a , n o H a i u a f l e jia n o n y T

prima

prima causa

pa3 ap aH > a H p a c y jia ,

H e c p e h a h H e f la h a , H e 6 jia ro B p e M e H o c T H h H e T a n H o CTH, HeyMeCHOCTH H HenpHCTOjHOCTH.

CBe HCTHHe h Jia * H n o c T a jy npeflM eT H>eHe p a 3y3flaHe h p a 3 6 a p y u ie H e ajixeM Hje. ,,H cyB H iue h ,,n p eM ajio HHcy oflpeflHHije H>eHa fle jia ita , H>oj HHUiTa HHje flOBOJtHO. H n jeflaH n o p eflaK HHje flOBOJbHO yKOpeH>eH, HHjeflaH 3aKOH HHje aoboji> ho jrreM eJbeH , h h jeflaH 6 o r HHje flOBojbHo b c jih k h , MapH(J)eTJiyKa h h Kafla HHje npeB H iue, c K a p a flH o c T H je yBeK n p eM a jio , noraH H HeflOBOJbHO. y H>eHHM pyK aM a CBe i u t o je CBeTo h jih /h npocJjaHD npeHHaMHhe c e y cB ojy c y n p o t h o c t . H h nojMOBH B p c re , p o fla h n o jia He ocT ajy HMyHH Ha H>eHa npeHHaneH>a h o h h n o flJ ie * y 6 c h h h h m pacTaK aibH M a, npepyuiaBaH>HM a h TpaHccJiopMaHHjaM a. HeKH K JiH H H nap y H3peneHHM onncH M a Jiyfle Moace npeno3H aT H rpaHHMHy j i h h h o c t , (J)hjioco(|) n p e 0Teji0BJbeH>e nocTMOflepHe h 6oxaH C T B o K oje y n p a B Jba CBHM KOHCTpyHCaH>HMa, peKOHCTpyHCaH>HM3 HJIH fleKOHcrpyHcaH>HMa. H e p e T K o je Jiy fla n o c p e flH H K H3Met)y c B e T a 6 0 r o B a h JbyflH , o H a K o ja n p e H o c n n o p y K e o f l o s r o " h

flBory6ocT h aHOMajiHocT Jiyfle Ha oco 6 eH HaHHH caflpacaHa je y npeflCTaBH anocTOJia IleT pa y H obom 3aBeTy h y HapoflHOM npeflaH>y. Beh H>eroBa HMeHa (C hmoh h n e T a p ) chm6 ojihhkh roBope o flBory 6 ocTH h 6 ecMHCJieHOCTH Kojy OBaj CBeTan hoch y ce 6 n. 3aMeHa CTapor HMena C hmoh , hobhm IleT ap, yKa3yje Ha n p e o 6 p a x a j jihhhocth - ofl o 6 HHHor HOBeKa oh H3pacTa y yraoHH KaMeH IJpKBe. H o, oBaj KaMeH (IleT ap, Ha apaMejcKOM Kjnjja; npHM. B.B.n.) HHje caMO cTeHa Ha Kojoj he Tocnofl H cyc XpncToc ca3flaTH cBojy UpKBy (M t. 16:18), to je, yjeflHo, KaMeH o Kojn ce Moace cnoTHHaTH. HaKpaTKo nouiTo ra Ha3Ba n e TpoM, XpH croc ca6jia3HH CBor yneHHKa HafleHyBiUH My jo iu jeflHo HMe - CaTaHa (M t. 16:23). IfceroBa flBory 6 ocT ce, HaflaJfce, orjiefla y TOMe uito je oh (IleT ap) nyH Bepe ajiH h (C hmoh ) Majie Bepe / ojiHronncToc/ oA,iyo7iiaToq/. HcTOBpeMeHo, H3a6paH je fla H an aca jaraibH e Boacje (J b . 21:15) h npeflCTaBJba ca 6jia 3aH CBOMe yHHTeJby, HeKora ko OMeTa BojKHjn flOMocTpoj cnaceiba; nocpeflHo, ocnopaBajyhn BoxaHCKO a hcthnyhn JbyflCKo (M t. 16:23).
n e T a p j e ,npBH K o jn j e o 6jaB H O H fleH TH TeT Bora a c H B o ra (M t. 16:16; Mk. 8:29; JIk. 9:20; Jh. 6:69), a jiH h n p B H K o jn ra c e jaBHO o f l p e K a o (M t. 26:69-75; Mk. 14:66-72; JIk. 22:54-62; Jh. 18:25-27). T p o c r p y K O o f l p n flaH>e Bora y p a B H O T e x y je c e H>eroBHM T p o cT p y K H M n o T B p ^ H B a ite M h o 6 p H y T o . H n j e M y c T p a H o h h fla o n o H a u ia rocnofla, h t o h h h h c a npoM eH JbH B H M y c n e x o M , K a o u i t o c e M o a c e BHfleTH y c n e H a M a xoflaH>a n o BOflH h H c n e j b e i b a y 6 o r n x (M t. 14:22-31 h M t. 17:14, J],e jia A n o c T O JiC K a 3). C y r y 6 o c T H b ero B e n p n p o f l e o r j i e f l a c e h y TOM e u i t o H c n o jb a B a n o T n y H y T y n a B o c T n p e f l T a jH a M a K o je M y c e O T K pH B ajy (Mk. 9:5) h 6 n c T p o y M H y roB O pJbH B O C T ( f l e j i a An. 1-3). H cT O B p eM eH O j e h M Jia fln h ( p u e r ) h c T a p a u , (Senex)- K afl j e 6 h o MJiaijn, caM c e onacH B ao h H in a o K yfl j e x T e o , K afl j e o c r a p a o , f l p y r n r a o n a CHBaiue h BOflHine K y fla H H je X T eo (Jb. 21:18).

HMHTaTop 6 o 2KaHCTaBa. Ilo K a T K a fl c e H a 3 e M Jb y u i a j b e ,,n o cneH H jajiH O M 3 a fla T K y , a H e K a fla n a p a flH p a M oh H

h a T p H 6 y T e caM HX

6oroBa.

I l p e j i a 3e h H r p a H H u e r o p -

H >er h f l o i b e r c B e T a , j k h b o t 3 h c m p t h , J iy fla H aM c e ja B J b a h y BHfly BOflHHa f l y u i a . y HbeHoj n p u p o f l H je fla yT H H e H a B a c n o c T a B jb a ib e JbyflCKHX 3ajeflHHqa h K y jiT y p a , a t o , o n e T , h h h h n p e K o p a n e ib e M paH H je B a c n o CTaBJbeHHX n p a B H J ia h T a 6 y a .

180

181

KaKO y H o bo m 3 aB eT y , TaKo h y npeaaH >y, o h je necTH npaTH Jiai; h canyTHHK B o a a ijH , h c k o k o o n o H aiua cB o r YHHTeji>a; KaTKafl y cn eu iH o , KaTKafl Hey c n e n m o ; H a n p o c ro , oh j e CBojeBpcHa HH(J)epHopHa, ceHOBHTa c rp a H a JacT B a (H . X p H c ra ). O fl ji;Ba nyTHHKa HaMepHHKa ( B o r h cb . I le T a p ) o h j e Taj K ojn ,,6nB a H arapaBJbeH h H3BJiaMH fle6ji>H K paj .2(l 3aHHMjbHBy n a p a jie jiy h n o a y a a p H o c T oflH oca H3Mei>y YMHTeji>a h yiieHHKa MoaceMo HahH y a o iTHjaMa h JiereH flaM a o ByflH- YMHTeji>y CBeTa. IJpHHu, Gautama Shakyamuni, 6yay h H C nacH TeJb CBeTa HMa * cjiHHaH aM^HBajieHTaH oftH oc n p eM a cb o m BojbeHOM c jiy rn AHanflH, KaxaB HMa T ocnoA H c y c n p eM a cbom anocTO Jiy. n o n y T K ncjje, h h AHaHflH yxoBHe TeMe HHcy yBeK n0T nyH 0 jacH e, a o n e T o h j e cpeflH o I l a jiH-KaHOHe; c k jio h je a o c jio b h h m TyMaiieH>HMa, a nnaK H 3a6paH j e iia Ha CBojHM nJiehHMa H3Hece t o t o b o H eM o ry h e - ycBajaH>e h uiHpeH>e HOBor cnac0H 0C H 0r yHeH>a. n p B O h o c h o b h o , I le T a p j e nocjiaHHK, rjiacHHK B o a a ijH (dn6axoXoq) h K ao TaKaB n oK ym aB a fla o n o H a iu a H c y c a X p n c T a . K a o i h t o caM H anoM eH yo, He Hfle My t o yBeK ofl pyK e, K ao y cqeHH xoaan> a n o BOflH. UlTaBHuie, HeKa^a t o ypaflH Bpjio cMyuieHO, CMeTeHo, k o m h h h o fla t o H aK h y H H T e jb y 3 a c M e T a . y c y c p e T X p h c to b o m CTpaflaH>y o h j e Taj, Met)y anocTOJiHMa. K ojn HajropjbH BH je HCKa3yje CBojy B epy y B o r a x h B o ra h K ojn (n p e )H a rjia iu a B a fla h e r a npaTHTH h y cMpTH, a a 6 h B p Jio 6 p 3 o CBoje cTaBOBe H30KpeHy0. Y jeB a H ^e jb y n o JoB aH y, Ha T ajH oj B enepH , I le T a p je Taj k o jh c e 3 r p a x a B a Hafl o h h m u i t o r o c n o a h h h h CBojHM yneHHHHMa (p ed ilav iu m ; npHM. B.B.n.) h t o CMaTpa HeROJiHHHHM c B o ra Y HHTejba; Ha t o My O B aj B ejia: A k o t h He o n ep eM , HeMarn yflje.ua c a m hom . H a o b o h e n e T a p , HMnyjicHBHO h n p eT ep aH o : r o c n o f le , He

caM o

Hore Moje, Hero

h p y K e h rJiaB y ( J b . 1 3:4-10).

H 3 y 3 e T H O 3aHHMJbHB c n o j o n o H a i u a i b a h H 3BpTaH>a o H o r a i u t o h h h h T o c n o f l 3 a 6 e jie a c e H

je

a n o K p n c f)-

h h m jJ e jiH M a n e T p o B H M , r n e C h m o h n e T a p , K a a

je

f l o i u j i o B p e M e ^ a 6 y f le p a c n e T , T pasK H o jj CBojnx u e ji a T a fla 6 y f le p a 3 a n e T H a rjia B a H K e . O B a H 3 y 3 eT H o c H a s o i a n p e f l c r a B a (H a rjia B u ,e p a 3 a n e T o r a n o c r o j i a , K a ^ a c e n o CTpaH H o e r a B e n o c r o j e h a , n p n x B a T J b H B a p e ji H r n jc K a T y M aneH > a; n p H M . B . B . n . ) , rjia u ie H a

y Kojoj je

H a-

HHBep3Hja, M eT acjiopH H K H

y K a 3 y je H a I l e T p a

K a o H a C B o jeB p cH y c e m c y

Hcyca

X pncT a.

Ha jeflHoj

cT p a H H K n (J )a o n o H a u i a c B o r a Y H H T e jb a , H a a p y r o j o h H 3 B p h e o h o u i t o X p H c r o c u p o n o B e f la . J I o k y n c n x o J io u iK o j n p eflC T aB H p a c n e T o r X p H C T a ( K a o n p H M e p M o a c e fla HaM n o c j i y * H 6 h j i o K o ja n p a B o c jia B H a h k o H a; n p H M . B.B.n.) na*H >y npH BJiane H >eroB H o p M a jiaH ( y c n p a B a H ) n o j i o a c a j T e ji a H a K p c T y , y 3 B H iu e h o c t (O h

je

H3fl,HrHyT y o flH o c y H a cB e o c r a j i e j i h k o b c (H e K a H aM K a o

n p H K a 3 a H e H a h k o h h ) , r j i a B a K o jo M , , n a p a He 6 ec a , HOTJie n p e flC T a B a p a c n e T o r n e T p a n p H M e p o B o r a nocjiy>K H M a c a n o B a cjiH K a c n o n e T K a X V . BeKa) H a r ji a iu a B a H>eroB ,,H e H o p M a jia H (H a r j i a -

BaHKe

O K p e H y lr) n o j i o a c a j T e ji a ,

HCToj j e paB H H c a y 3eM Jb y . J I o k n o -

o c T a jiH M a , rjiaB e K o ja B o x aH C K o r cT aT yca -

,,npoflHpe

J io a c a j n p B o r H a r o B e u iT a B a n o c B e s o n e i b e

H>eroBor

Jloroca

B a c e J b e H e , flo ce3 aH > e

b h i u h x C T aiba CBecTH h ycM ep eH O C T Ka C BeTy fly x o B -

h h x BpeflHOCTH, flO TJie n o ji o c a j f l p y r o r y K a 3 y je H a

ycM ep eH O C T K a C BeTy h c h x h h k h x B p eflH o cT H , H a b o jb h o ypan> aH > e y H ecB ecH O , H a K p e T a ib e K a x t o h c k h m c (J )e p a M a .

Ha

K p a jy , n p e flC T a B a H a ra a B H e p a c n e T o r

2 (1 HajKaHOBHh, B. (1973.): Muiu u pejiuiuja y Cp6a. Eeorpaa, CpncKa KH>H*eBHa 3a^pyra.

182

via negativa. 3 a BehHHy ,,3BaHHHHHx TyMana H o B o r 3aBeTa, neTpOBe flHXOTOMHje ocTajy H e n p H M e h e H e h jih ocTaBJbeHe y 3anehKy, flOK ce c p e flH H iT e H>nxoBe no3opHocTH npeMeuiTa npeMa OHOMe uiTa My je 3aBeuiTaHO fla ypaH ca ocraBJbeHHM My craflOM h n p e poraTHBHMa B Jiacra Ha 3eMJbH. Majio6pojHH cy o h h ,
a n o c T O J ia yK a3yje H a c B o je B p c H H

183

n o n y T O p H 6 eHa h ABrycTHHa, k o jh HMajy pa3yM eBaH>a 3a H>eroBe Hen;oyMHije h npoTHBypeHHocTH (Brown, 1973., 95 ). CaBpeMeHH HCTpa*HBa*iH ite r o B e jih m h o c th y o n aB ajy , TeK y 3 ip e fl, flB0 CMHCJiHHe Koje HHHe c p x H>eroBe j ih h h o c t h . Y jeflHOM cjiyH ajy K a * e c e fla Je B aH ^ejb a n p y a c a jy B pjio noM em aH y cJiHKy o I le T p y (Brown, h c t o , 6 2 ). I I o ji IU npep n pH M ehyje fla j e IleT ap ,,nyH B ep e h 6e3B epaH , Te fla H c n o jtaB a cjioacaj cBaKe CHare h cjia6ocT H (K o ja K p a c n ) y n eH H K e (Sherer, 1952., 3 8 3 -3 8 4 ). IIpeMa A p T y p y T oc n n y , n o c e ^ H a oflJiHKa an0CT0Ji0Ba je ,,liyflHOBaTa H enony^apH ocT . IIonyT H>eroBor TaJiH JiejcK or M opa, HeoneKHBaHO c e n o H a rn a , H e n o c ro ja H j e 6 p 3 o Men>ajy h n pacnoJioaceH >a (Gossip, 1952., 4 8 7 .) MyKe y TyManeH>y Ile T p o B a JiHKa, n p e CBera o H o ra n iT a o H>eMy ca3H ajeM o H3 c p n c K o r cJioJiKJiopa, HMao j e h B. HajKaHOBHh (1 9 7 3 ). Ilo cJio B H u a KouiTa ( r a ) k o CBeTor IleT pa K a jr a H a , MnjnM ce TyMaMeH>eM 6 aBHO, 3HaMajHa My j e He caM o K a o npH M ep 3a y nopeflH y HCTopnjy p e jiH ra je , h o h K ao je3HMKH KajiaM 6 y p K ojn T p e 6 a oflroHeTHyTH. IlpBO je3HMKo o 6jauiH>eH>e npxn c e T o ra fla je o 6 jih k cB eT or IleTpa, TaK03BaHH reHHTHB nocecHBHH", Te fla nocJioB H na y to m CJiyMajy 3H3MH - K oiiiTa r a K ao i u t o je K oniT ajia K ajraH a Koja je n pH naflaJia c b c to m IIeTpy (H ajK aH O B ah, h c t o , 5 4 1 .) Y flpyroM cjiyMajy, aKO ce cnoMeHyTH o 6jih k cB eT or IIeTpa cxb3TH K ao MeTBpTH nafleJK, a nejiHHa n ocjioB H ne K ao eJinnTHBHa peMeHHHa , OHfla o 6 ja uiH>eH>e rjiacH :" KouiTa r a K ao u i t o j e cB eT or IleTpa K ouiTaJia K ajraH a" ( h c t o ) . O a h o c h o , ,,n a je,..CBeTH IleTap n o je o K ajraH y K o ja My je flOHHHje n p e c e jia (HajKaHOBHh, 1973, 5 4 2 ). HajKaHOBHheBa HefloyMHHa KaKo npoTyMaMHTH nocjioB H ny, (caMo)HaMeTHyT H 36op H3M e^y c y n e p n opH e npeflCTaBe IleTpa (n p B o TyMaMen>e) h HH<j)ep n o p H e npeflCTaBe anocTO Jia (flp y ro TyMaMeH>e), Te o n p e fle jb e H > e 3a noTOH>e TyMaMeH>e HajiHKyje c T p e nH>H K oja j e HcnyH>aBajia caBpeM eHe ncTpaacHBaMe

I l e T p o B e j i h h h o c t h . C b h o h h , y K J b y n y jy h n H ajK aH O B H ha, H H cy y cT an > y fla c e H o c e c a ,,3 6 y H > y jy h o M ceMaHTHMKOM H e o f lp e j ) e H o iu h y T eK C T a (IleT p a), B e h

npHCHJiHO 6 n p a j y H 3M et)y flB a T yM aneH > a, flB e n p e flC T aB e, flB e c T p a H e H > ero B e j i h h h o c t h h j i h j o i u r o p e ,

n o K y m aB ajy fla h x y u (e jio B e h flO B efly y cK JiaflH y p a B H O T eacy , H e c x B a T a jy h n fla cy

y n p a B O

u p o iu u e y p e -

H H O ciu u H e c p a e H > u e o c u l t h x n p e flC T a B a o h o i u t o o flJiH K y je O Baj a p x e T H n . C b 3k h n o K y iu a j fla c e 4>hkc n p a 3 H an eH > e, o 6 ja c H H h j i h p a 3 y M e H > ero B a j i h h h o c t , nO H H Ba H a c{)HKTHBHOj IipeT nO C T aB IJH U36eCHOCiUU.

HaMa j e H a n p o c T O

H enpnxB aT JbH B o

fla o c T a H e M o o t -

B o p e H H n p e f l H 3 B e c H o iu h y , H e c a 3 H a T jb H B o m h y , n p e p , H e c a 3 H a T H M cy6jeKTOM k o j h HCTOBpeM eHO npH3HBa h n p K o c H H au iH M TyM aHeH>HM a. A p x e T H n c K a npeflCTaBa n e T p a je 0 T e ji0 B jb e H > e n o c T M O fle p H e . K ao yraoHH K aM eH o h je T e M e jb Ha KOMe c e r p a f lH nopeflaK, flp y u iT B o , 33KOHH, a o n e T , o h j e K aM eH o K o jn c e c n o T H H e M o h K o jn BOflH y p y iu a B a H > y c B e r a i h t o j e npeTX 0flH0 (H a H>eMy) ca3H flaH O . n e T p O B a flB ory 6 ocT o r j i e f l a c e h y o flH o c y n p e M a >KHBOTy h cM pT H . n o f la p H B iu H M y K Jb y n e B e H e 6 e c K o r H a p c T B a X p H C T O c r a y n o 3 o p a B a : ,,H u i t o c b o k c i u H a 3eM JbH 6 n h e c B e 3 a H o H a H e 6 e c H M a ; h i u t o

pa3flpn-

j e u i H i u H a 3eM JbH 6 i i h e p a 3 flp H je m e H O H a H e 6 e c H M a (M t. 16:19). Y K p aT K O , Hcyc H a c B o r y n e H H K a n p e H o c n

ucuxouoMiiHe M ohn.

n o c e f lO B a ite K Jb y n eB a o M o ry h a -

B a h > h x o b o m B JiacH H K y fla c e c jio 6 o f lH o K p e h e H 3M et)y rpaHHHHHX o 6 jia c T H > k h b o t 3 h cM pT H , fla c B e 3 y je h p a 3 B e 3 y je , fla H HHHHpa (yBO flH , n o c B e h y j e ) h flH C K pnM H H H iue (H C K jb y H y je, H 3 6 a ijy j e ) , K o r a o h a c e j in .

Ho,

h h OBa o fl XpncTa n p e H e T a B J ia fla p c K a M o h H e n o je f lH o c T a B jb y je n e T p o B 0 flH 0 c n p e M a c m p t h h * H B O T y , u iT a B H iu e , o B a j o flH o c j e h f l a jb e flB o cM u cJieH , n p o M eHJbHB, nyflJbH B h H e flo c J ie fla H .

Ha

p eH H M a n e T a p j e

H e n 0 K 0 J ie 6 jb H B y B e p n y XpncTa, c ji e f l n h e H >eroB n y T h n o n e H y fla H3r y 6 n CBoj x h b o t (Mk. 14:31); H e M a Jio 33THM H>erOB flBOCMHCJieHH OflHOC npeM a CMpTH

noT B pflnhe c e , M eTacJ)opH H K H , y 6 o p 6 n c a c h o m a o k c e

184

185

r o c n o f l m o j ih o y reTCHMaHH)h (Mk. 14:33-41). CTpax o fl cM pT H , M o r y h e r M y M e ita h K a 3 H e H a jja c H H je c e H c n o jb a B a

y H >er 0 B0 M oflpHijaH>y XpHCTa (M t. 26:69-75). H o H >eroBO o a p H u a H > e , JiaCH h o 6 M a H a cy ,,Heneji0 TB0 pHH. npeMa jeBaHi)ejby no MapKy, H>et o b o oflpmjaibe j e npoBHflHO, a o h y x B a h e H y Jiaxn (Mk. 15:66-69). A j i h OBa J i a x , HaHBHO o6MaH>HBaH>e
A p y r n x , n p e n o 3 H a T a HeHCTHHa H M ajy H 3 y 3 eT H y n c n x o jiouiK y M o h ; n p e flC T a B Jb a jy o c o 6 e H H n o K p e T a M n c n x e . H a p e M e H a J i a * K opeH H T O MeH>a n e T p o B > k h b o t , O H a r a v b o a h y h o b > k h b o t h o a T o r T p e H a o h c e y n e jio c T H n o c B e h y j e fo c n o fly . C B o je B p c H H H eraT H B H H n y T ( v i a n e g a ti v a ) ,

ano-

cjaaTHM Ho

c T p e M J b e ib e K a

TocnoAy, Kora je

jih h h o

A o acH B eo , c b . a n o c T O J i n e T a p H a jja jb e n p o n o B e n a K a o

jeflaH o^ Moryhnx n y T e B a K a Bory h y n e Jio B jb a B a H > y j i h m h o c t h : r^je je M y f lp a u ? T^je KH>H>KeBHHK? T^je n p e n n p a M O B o ra B H je K a ? 3ap H e n p e T B O p H Bor
M y ^ p o c T o B o r a CBH jeTa y J iy n o c T ? n o i u T O , fla K Jie , y

Bo*Hjoj cB H jeT M y f lp o m h y H e n o 3 H a Bora, H3BOJIH c e Bory fla Jiyaomhy n p o n o B je f lH c n a c e o H e Kojn B je p y jy ... Hero m T o j e JiyAO r ip e f l CBHjeTOM o h o H3a6pa Bor p;a n o c p a M H M y p e ; h m T O j e c j i a 6 o n p e ji, cBHjeTOM o h o H 3 a 6 p a Bor fla n o c p a M H ja K e (1. Kop. 1:19-28).
n p eM V A p o cT H O B a K B a n p e flC T a B a a n o c T O J ia n e T p a je f la H j e o fl
a MeTac|)ope JiyflocTH hjih jyp0AHB0CTH. CBeTe Jiyfle XpncTa pa^H n o MHoro MeMy M ory fla ce y3Beji,y c b o m apxeTHncKOM y3opy. Bame yKpama K o p e H

jiy,qo, o c a K a h e H O . H>HxoBa o c o 6 e H a anocJjaT H M H ocT 22 yK a3yje Ha caB a n c y p # h HeM oh ,,MOHOTeH3Ma cBecTH , cBeTa K ojn noMHBa Ha cHa3H pa3yM a, y3poMHHM o 6 ja uiH>eH>HMa, jacHHM rpaHHi^aMa, HfleajiHHM o6pacijH M a h HopMajiHocTH. H >hxobo n o H a m a ib e , H3rjiep,, Bpeflh o c t h KojHMa M am y n p e fl oMHMa o 6 H M H o r, HopM ajiH o r cBeTa, OBe A pyre 3 ac T p a m y je. M a k o jih k o y HaMa H3a3HBaJiH cM ex, ca>KajbeH>e, o c e h a ib e HaflM ohn o h h , HCTOBpeMeHO, CBojHM T ajaH C T B eH H M , Hepa36opHTHM. Hepa3yMHHM n o H a m a ite M yT epyjy cT pax y H am e k o CTH. KpaCH HX HenpeflBHflHBOCT H HeOMeKHB3HOCT, H e MO*eMO HX CnyTaTH HJIH OKOBaTH. CTaJIHO H3MHMy H am oj KOHTpoJiH h t o Hac jo m B H iu e cT p am n . Y o c h o b h o B o r c T p a x a He K pnje c e c a M O n j i a i m t a oji, cyoMaBaH>a c a BJiacTHTHM (y Jiyfle) n p o j eKTOBaHHM caflp>KajHMa, Beh cT pax o a CBera OH ora m ro HHje oM eheH o rpaH H naM a H a m e r J a . JypoAHBH je H o c H J ia u , MHCTepnje MOBeKa, a THMe h nyTOKa3 K o jn H a c yBOAH y ,,6 o jK a H C K H MpaK , OH HaC BOflH O h o m c KojH j e H e H3peUHB H HeoapeflJbHB.

I
y BehHHH

***

BaH>e Aa H e 6 y f le c n o j b a . . . H e r o y CKpHBeHOM e MOBjeKy

cpqa (1. Hr. 3:3-4). C b c t o c t jypoAHBCTBvjymher je cKpHBeHa oa Tyi)Hx norjieAa, H c n o j b a B a c e Kao CBoja cynpoTHocT. CBojHM c n o J b a m ib H M n o H a m a ib e M jypo3hbh y3H>Ky H a n n je f le c T a ji 6 o jie c H o , H a K a 3 H o ,21

p e jiH rn ja h KyjiTypa rfle ce jaB jb a, Jiyfla ce n o H a m a K a o prim a causa p a 3 flo p a H p a c y jia , H e c p e h a h H eflaha, x h t h > h h HeyMecHOCTH. 3 a Jiyfly H H urra HHje ,,HcyBHme - HHjeflaH 3aKOH HHje cyBHme M opanaH , HHjeflaH T a6y cyBHme cBeT, HHjeflHo flo 6 p o HHje cyBHme b h c o k o , HnjeflHa H eno6o*H O C T HHje cyB nm e onaflaMKa. IfceHa BemTHHa cacT o jn ce y TOMe 22 O anocjiaTHHHOM 6 o ro c jio B Jb y npaBOcnaBHe U,pKBe MHTajiaij Moace fla ce o6aBecTH y 6 p o jH H M H3BopHMa, npHMepHU,e y kk>H3H V. Loskob: The Mysticcil Theoiogy ofthe Eastern Church", norJiaBJbe THE DIVINE DARKNESS. LONDON, JAMES CLARKE and Co. LTD, 1975. A o ano4>aTHHHOCTH JiyflHX XpHCTa paflH, BHflH KOfl T. ropHMeBe: ,,XpHinhaHCKa jiyRa y anocJjaTHMHOM Ro6y, y Maconncy r p a HH, Br. 14., POSSEV VERLAG, FRANKFURT. 1986.

21

PycKa pen 3a nyfle Eoscje, jypoAHBe, noraMe on

C T apopycK e penn ,,ypoA, u it o je npBoHTHO 3HaHHJio ,,Ha-

Ka3a. Bhah y K H >H 3H T. ropHMeBe: Cnaa xpuiuhaHCKe nydociuu . YIIT, TaaKOBO, 1986.

186

187

jj a CBe H 3 B p h e - o h o i h t o j e 6 h j i o r o p e c a fl j e A OJie, o h o flO Jie cafl j e r o p e , i h t o j e 6 h j i o H an o jb y cajj j e y H y T p a , y H y T p au iH > e n p e T B a p a y c n o j b a m i t e , 6 ecM HCJieHO y

CM H CJieH O ...

M aH >aK , H e A O C T aT aK , o a c v c t b o

ea n , o a p h m v H h : H e - H e m T O , H e -C B e c H o . H e c B e c H o j e n en ea , jeA H O npaBO ne.

noM H C JiH M O ji,a c m o 0 H e M e M y H e u r r o c a 3 H a JiH ,

Kaji,a

T aK B O c a 3 H a n > e

je

c B e c H o c a 3 H a H > e , h C T o r a B H in e H H je

A k o n 0 K y m a M 0 fla j e y 3 BefleM O j o m h c k o m 6 0 xaH C K O M n p H H H H n y , h c k o m A P .vroM ,,K o p e H y M eT a 4 > o p e c n r v p H o j e fla h e M o Jiyny n p e n o 3 H a T H y X e p Mecy h j i h aJixeM H M apcK O M M e p K y p y , H .ero B H M x e p MeTHMKHM flejiH M a K ojH M a n c u ;e jb y je 6 o r o B e H Jb y fle . X e p M e c j e rjia c H H K 6 o r o B a , b o a h m A y iu a , y H H T ejb E c K y j i a n a , 3auiT H TH H K T p r o B a ij a , K p a jb c e ip t K e c a h j i o n o B a , J ia s c a ij h ji,oH ocH Jiaii, c p e h e . O B a M H T O JiouiK a c |) H r y p a o f l r o B a p a y H y T p a u u b e M ncH X 0 Ji 0 iUK 0 M HCKycT B y h B e p 0 A0 CT0 jH 0 O f lp a * a B a n 0 T n y H 0 H e p a 3 J iy MeHV Jb y flcK y cB ecT , t o je c T , o j j r o B a p a CTynH>y pa3Boja r ^ e c y h h c t h h k t h b h o h A yx 0 BH0 M e t)y c o 6 HO H 3M eu ia H H h n p o a c e T H . Kao T aK aB , X e p M e c a K p o 3 H > era h jiy f la , j e c T e HOCHJian a p x e T H n c K e cB ecT H ApyraMHjer c K J io n a h AHHaMHKe o jj o H e K o ja K a p a K T e p n u ie Hamy Ja -C B e c T . Y C TB apH , a p x e T H n c K a c B e c T 6 y j j a n e y n o T nyH > aB a H a m y Ja -C B e c T h n p e M a

H e c B e c H o . J e A H o T aK B O c B e c H O c a 3 H a n > e H e y K J b y M y je c a M O n p e A C T a B e <J>aHTa3Hja h c H O B a , H e r o h c B a H a m a T e o p e T H c a H > a 0 H e c B e c H o j H H H aM H ijH K o j a c y ,,y 3 a jie i)y n o H a m a ib a , K a o h c B a yM eH>a o ce H ecB ecH O M , H > ero B H M n p o i ^ e c H M a , 3aK O H H T O C T H M a h j i h c a A p * a -

jHMa. Ilpo6jieM
B o p a K o jn

je

y T O M e, B p a h a M

jorn

je A a p e A

J y H r o B H M p e M H M a , H3 r o p e H a B e A e H o r n c e M K a p a 3 r o -

je

b o a h o ca

c o m , m T O y H a n o p H M a j;a

ncnxojioroM ce 6 a B H M o

P H M apA O M E B a H H e cB ec H H M : , ,. . . b h

H e M a T e o 6 j e K a T , H H iiiT a H e B H flH T e! J e f lH H o M o a c e T e

H3BOflHTH 3 a K Jb y M K e , ..., T e T 3K O M O p a T e CTBO pH TH

M o f le ji O B e M o r y h e c T p y K T y p e H e c B e c H o r .. .

(Jung

KOfl

Mc Guire
HeCBeCHH.

and

Hull,

h c to ).

fla K J ie ,

cbh

T a K 0 3 B aH H

H ecB ecH H c a f lp a c a jn h n p o u ,e c H 6 h j i h c y , o c T a jy h 6 n h e

H>oj

c T o jn y k o m h c h -

y H am H M

C B aK O flH eB H H M aH aJIH T H M apC K H M aK -

3 a T 0 p H 0 M oflHocy. IlpeMa M H m ibeH >y a p x e T H n o J io r a P. Jlone3-IleApa3e. X e p M e c j e n e p c o H H (|> H K a ip ija n p H H i^ n n a K O M neH 3au,H je ( 1 1 ) . H e K a j ja y c e 6 n Jty j(a hoch o c o 6 HHe h n p T e K o je c y r o p e ojj, o h h x K o je n o c e j^ y je Ja- j i h m h o c t , H e K afla o H e K o je c y 6 o j b e . Kao K oneK T H B H a nepcoH H cj3H K au,H ja Hame H H cjjep H o p H o c t h , J iy ^ a 0 JiHii,0 TB 0 p y j e CBe o h o m T O H aM j e y H a rn o j IipHpO JIH H enpH X B3TJbH B O , CTpaH O , OABpaTHO HJIH H aK 33 HO. J ly A a j e HCTOBpeM eHO Hejr>yACKa h Hajj;jbyACKa, 6 e c T H ja jiH a h 6 o x a H C K a , h o o h o m T o H a c H a jB H m e 3 a c T p a m y j e c a flp :* a H O H eceecH O .

T H B H o c T H M a m h H a j M e m h e r y 6 n M o H3 B H fla m T a n p e f l c T a B J b a K o p e H f y e T a c J ) o p e H a K o j o j n o M H B a fly 6 H H C K a

n c H X O Jio rH ja . Cfeor c j i e n H J i a h h c m o n o u i T e t ) e H H

hh

K a f la n n m e M O c T y f l n j e H3 aH aJiH T H M K e n c H x o j i o r H j e h j i h K a f la n 0 fly M a B a M 0 M J ia i) e T e p a n e y T e o n p a K T H MHHM B eiU TH H aM a H T C O pH jH . y K O p e H > e H a c [)a H T a 3 H ja

fla c y H a m e x n n o T e 3 e o
c o ijn ja J iH o h o c t

H ecB ecH O M

,,h c th h 3 h jih p e a J i-

n p n p o f l a " T o r c |)e H O M e H a , B p e M e H O M j e n p e p a c j i a y K O H C T pyH C 3H y n c H x o T e p a n n jc K y

(Hauke, 2000., 200).

je

y TOM e m T o OHa O B a n jio h y je

3 a 6 o p a B jb a M O fla K a o aH ajiH T H M ap n p a flH M o hoji;

a p x e T H n o M k o j 'h p a c T e H e c B e c H O , K o j n j e y c p e flH iU T e H H a H e cB ecH O , o jj;h o c h o fla fle jia M O H 3 a p x e T H n a

H h jc 3roper o n o M e H y T H
...H ecB ecH O j e H em T O u i t o j e

ce JyHroBHX

ueHa

peM H :

-ca3HaeaH>a. H a M e c T O f la o 6 e h a B a M o
c x o f lH H je j e

c iu e a p H o HecBecHo

oco6aMa

(Jung y Mc Guire and Hull, 1980.. 269). He M 0 >KeM 0

n p e T n o c T a B H T H Aa 3H aM o 6 h j i o m T a o H ecB ecH O M , o h o je y n cT H H y H e -3 H a u o , H e - c a 3 H a u i/b u e o . IlojaM KojHM y o 6 HM ajeHQ 03H aM aB 3 M 0 H 3 p a 3 u e c e e c n o j e H e a fu u -

a H a jiH 3 H f l a h e M o h m y B e h a T H ( c a M o ) c a 3 H a H > e , n e j i H -

noMohn h m

f la T p n e , C H o c e h j i h

He y3 M H H y
a M o

n p e f l H eca3H aT JbH B H M . r i o m T O

y n p aK C H

o f l n r p a B

MOflepHHCTHMKy cJ)H Jiococ|)H jy, K o j a f l p a o i f l a j e H e CBecHO npeflMeT H a y M H o r HCTpa>KHBaH>a, y M H jy c e

188

189

TajHy Moace npoflpeT H , a o nbeMy 36opHTH neayKTHBHO, fleCKpHIITHBHO HJIH aH aJIH T H M K H . KOpHUlheH.eM o 6 HJIHe pyKOBeTH ,,HCTHHHTHX TBpflH>H , HJIH CBOjHM MOflepHHCTHHKHM B jepyjy KOHCTeJIHIIieMO H y HaiUHM naijnjeH TH M a h c t o BepoBaH>e. y CTBapn, Jly fla H3 H ac n o K p e h e ycnaB aH y, h jih Beh ofl p a H a je n p o 6 yl)eHy E y flaJiy y KJinjeHTy. I l p o 6jieM , K ojn caMH (KOHTpaTpaHC(j>epHo) yHocHMo y oflHoc c a naijnjeHTOM , y cjio *H>eH j e h THMe u i t o y flpyroM noflCTHneMo ocehaH>e Mohu (O B Jiaflah em cBojnM HecBecHHM! ) h p ejiH rn jcK o r nopH B a 3a floce3an>eM flo TpaHCU,eHfleHTaJiHHX HCTHHa. Beh y cjiefleheM TpeH y, o 6 o M a c e m hhh fla je CBe m T o ce flem aB a y n a ijn jc h to b o m acHBOTy, yHyTap HJIH H3B3H aH ajIH T H H K O r TeMeHOCa, npOJKeTO CMHc jio m . Ca CBoje CTpaHe, aHaJiHTHHap y cBeMy mTO ce flem aB a nai;HjeHTy - cHOBHMa, (J)aHTa3HjaMa, oMauiKaMa, ncHxocoMaTCKHM cHMnTOMHMa, ,,ro B o p y T e J ia , pe(J)jieKCHjaMa, m h o * h h h o flH o c a - oTKpHBa h H aJia 3H CKpHBeHH CMHCao HHjH npaBH H3BOp JieaCH y H ecB ecH O M . IlonyT lle T p a Kojn H e p a 3 6 o p H T O onoH aiu a c B o r T o c n o fla , TaKo h aHajiHTHMap He yBnt)a fla HHje J lo r o c h fla H>eroBa BHcoKoyMHa TyMaMeH>a He floceacy flo n p a B o r cy 6jeK Ta H>eroBe aHajiH3e - HecB ecH or. y CBojoj 3acjienjbeH ocT H (cyMaHyTH KOHTpaTpaHCcj^ep?), H enpnxB 3TjbHBO My j e fle jia ib e AHaHKe, M o n p a , C yfl 6 nH e h jih C y i)a ja (KojHMa ce , He 3a 6 o paBHMo h 6 oroB H KJiaH>ajy), Te My HnjeflHa JbyflCKa T p a re fln ja He o c T a je 6 e 3 cMHCJia, HHjeflaH y * a c H epa3yMJbHB, 3Jio h h h HepacBeTJbeH, H eflaha HenpOTyMaMeHa. nai^H jeH T K ojn HHje y m h jio c th 6 orHH>e T h xe/<t>opTyne, y oHHMa T e p a n e y T a K ojn c jie n o oflHrp a B a Jiyfly, naTH caM o 3aTo m T o HHje y KOHTaKTy ca HecBecHHM h jih c T o ra mTO HHje cn o 3 H ao c e 6 e y ije-

H>era flejia, OHfla h e M ohn fla ofl 6 aiiH cj)aHTa3Hje ije jio b h t o c t h h ynoTnyft.aBaH>a h fla ce npenycT H H rp H HenoBe3aHHX (HenoBe3HBHx) npeflcraBa K oje ce He M ory (J)HKCHpaTH h CBecTH Ha CHM6 ojiHHKe jeflHaHHHe. BeHa H anpocTO Hrpa nocTMOflepHH njiec, a n p e fl 6 yjnijoM ncHXHHKHX npeflCTaBa He npaBH 6paH y, h h t h o flp e t)y je ,,m Ta 3HaHH uiTa, OHa ce nonrpaBa 3HaqHMa, njiyTajyhH 03HaHHTeJbHMa, TpaHC(J)opMHmyhHM KOHCTpyKTHMa, K ojn cBojoM p a 3 f l p a r a H o m h y h c jio 6 oflOM OTBapajy flym y n p e fl Heca3HaTHM h H eca3H3TJbHBHM HeCBeCHHM. npeno3H aB aH >e 6 eHHHHX aKTHBHocTH y BJiacrath m HflejaMa h paflH>aMa H ehe, Hy*HO, oflBecTH aHaJiHTHMapa y HHXHJiHCTHMKe BOfle h yBepeH>e fla 6 ecm hcjiom T p e 6 a 3aMeHHTH cMHcao, o b o 6 h npeflCTaB jbajio HOBy HeypOTHHHy jeflH ocTpaH ocT H>eroBor KapaKTepa. HanpoTHB. Hnje H eonxoflH o acpTBOBaTH ,,MHT O CMHCJiy , aJIH je 0n 0pTyH 0 HCTpa^CHTH CBeCHO c e e H arne T ep an n jcK e m h to b c o H>eMy. n o n y T Jlyfle H3 T a p o T K apaT a, K oja c t o j h Ha noneT K y K apaT a BejiHKe apK aH e, a h o to m np o jia3 H Kpaj CBe H>eHe Kyhe (apxeT H noB e) HicTHace npeo6paxeH a Ha Kpaj nyT a He npecrajyhH fla 6 yfle Jlyfla h T e p an e y T Moace npohu (npeHcnHTHBaTH) cBe apxeTHncKe npeflCTaBe Jio ro c a . IHTaBHiue, HaK h oBfle H3HeTa npeflCTaBa o JIyflH T pe6 a fla 6yfle noflBprH yTa noHOBHOM HHTan>y, pamnjiaH>aBaH>y h npeypei)etby. O h O IUTO je HHHH TOJIHKO MohHOM, OflBpaTHOM, HaKa3HOM, 3acT pam yjyhoM , 0Maji 0BaacaBaH 0 M, noHHBa Ha flHHaMHi^H MHje n o c T o ja ib e jeflHHo MO*e 6 h t h 06jamH>eH0 aKTyejiHOM CHTyaipijoM y Kojoj c e H ajia3HMO. CBaKH pa3B oj K ojn Te>KH CaBpUieHCTBy a He I^eJIO BHTOCTH, HyaCHO BOflH jeflHOCTpaHOM p a 3BOjy H xnnepTpo(J)HjH ,,flo 6p e , CBeTJie, HeyKajbaHe cTpaH e jih h h o c th . H an o cjieT K y , caBpmeHCTBO n o c T a je Kjbac t o a HOBeK jeflH O flH M eH 3H O H ajiaH . Kao HOCHJiau, k o A e K u iu e H e c e u K e HOBeKa 3anafla, jiyfla je c a f lp x a jia i; CBHX HamHX HH(J>epHOpHHX OCO^HHa H OflJIHKa; HCTOBpeMeHO, oH a y c e 6 n K p n je ceM e eHaHTH 0flp 0MHje -

JIOCTH.

Ho yK0JiHK0 je aHajiHTHHap y cTan>y fla OTKpnje K oja je H3BopHa npeflCTaBa KojoM c e pyKOBOflH (Koja pyKOBOflH H>HMe), oHfla MO*e fla BacnocTaBH flpyraH H jn oflHoc n p eM a cm hcji^, ca3HaBaH>y h BeHHToj HrpH H ecBecH or h CBecHor. A k o HacjiyTH KaKO Jiyfla H3 190

191

npeo6paheH e

c B o jy c y n p 0 T H 0 C T .

J\a

6h

cm o c e

c n a c H JiH n o m acT H h o c j i o b h c , o n y c T o u i y j y h e H o p M3JIHOCTH H HHCTOTe, K o je BpXyHH y jeflH O flH M eH 3H O H ajiH O M , pnrH flH O M p a 3 B o jy Hamnx Ja, Jiy fla KajbaH>eM, BJiacTH TO M H eH H C T ohoM h n o r a H H y n o T n y H > a B a h n o K pehe

Hamy n c n x y . Kao TaKBa Jiyfla jeflHHa h M o * e , He o 6 a 3HpyhH c e

Ha ycTaHOBji>eHe o 6 p a c ije flaTe K yjiType h jih peJiHr a j e , %a p y m n T a 6 y e , o B em T ajie 3aKOHe. Kpo3 CBoje cK apaflH o noHam aH>e, HaKa3HH H 3rjiefl, 6H 3apH e mhc jih , Jiyfla pea<|)HpMHffle co^njajiH H n o p eflaK ; p y m e h n 3 aKOHe oH a h x HCTOBpeMeHO h rioT B phyje. JIyAa ,,noTBpl)yje nopnuaH >eM (Zucker, 1967., 3 1 7 .) Y pyiUHJiaMKHM paflfbaM a 6 yflaJie o h o mTO je yHHmTeHo yBeK o crraje, HMnjiHitHTHo npHcyTHo, j e p caM m hh pa3rpat)HBaH>a H3HOBa H3ip a i)y je . H a c y n p o T Ja h H>eroBOM apxeTHncKOM xepojcKOM 3ajiet)y. Jiyfla cb o jh m noH arnaibeM He B acnocTaB Jba HHflHBHflyaJiHy Ja-cB ecT B eh KOJieKTHBHy. MaKOJiHKo jKeJiejiH fla j e noTHCHeMo, H36 erHeMO, ;ja ce He cy 0HHM0 c a h>om, yBeK c e o H>y canjinheM O , cByfla H ac n p a , u,epn HaM c e H3 TMHHa p a 3HHX 6 y y a K a , KpeBejbH Kafla HaM t o H ajM aibe o ^ r o B apa, cnonafla y n p a B o oHfla Kaffa m ojihm o Bora fla Hac He npHMeTH h fla HaM c e He H a p y ra . Ilp e M a peHHMa T . TopH H eBe (1 9 8 6 .) Jiyfla 6opaBH M ei)y HaMa, Ha HajnpoMeTHHjHM MecTHMa - Ha nnjau,M, T p ry , Ha yjiHU,H. Ha c p e h y , y n p aB o c r o r a m T o c e TaKO jaBHO ncnojbaBa, p y r o 6 a je flaHac y o lijbHBHja Hero m T o j e t o 6 HJia n p e HeKOJTHKO fleceT jieh a. CaMHM t h m JiaK m e HaM j e ffa je OTKpHjeMO y HaiiiHM noHamaH>HMa, CTaBOBHMa, flejiaH>HM a, cHOBHMa, y TeJiy. Kafla jeflaH apxeT H n noH H ibe fla c e n oM ajba H a nosopHHUH KCTopnje h x h b o t 3 , o h M O *e fla c e K p eh e B H iu e Ka cp e fln u iT y h jih BHnie Ka nepH(J)epHjH n o 3opH H ije. H obo apxeT H ncK o n c n o JbaBaH>e o B o r ap x eT H n a je oHHrjieflHo. H e m ojkcm o a fla npeKO flaHa He Ha 6 acaMO Ha p y r o 6 e , KaKo oH e M ym K or TaKo h >KeHCKor o 6jiHHja, h o flaH ac HaKa3a HHje caMO MaprHHajiHH HJiaH flpym TBa; Kao i u t o caM B eh p e K a o , oBaj a p x e r a n c e n o M e p a CBe Bnme Ka

cp efln m T y no3opHHi<e. HaKa3HO flaH ac npen03HajeM0 y 6 pojHHM nOJIHTHHapHMa, H ayH H H IJH M a , yMeTHHIJHMa, HJiaHOBHMa KpajbeBCKHx K yha, Boi)aMa p e jiH rn jc k h x n o K p eT a, H anocjieT K y, Mei)y 6 pojHHM n c n x o Jio 3HMa. npeno3H aB aH >e HaK33HOCTH, 6 h jio fla c e OBa CHaJKHa npeflCTaBa H cnojbaB a y T ejiv h jih CTHJiy cHBOTa flOHCTa HMa 6 j i a r 0TB0pH 0 flejcTBo n o n c u x y h npeflCTaBJba cBojeBpcHy ncH xojiom K y a o 6 h t . Y o6a c jry n a ja ( 6 h jio fla j e npeno3HajeMo y Tejiy h jih CTHJiy *HBOTa; npHM . B.B.n.) n aT O Jio rn ja ce ncnojbaBa, a y h c t o BpeMe, H>eHO npeflcraBJbaibe (HM arHHai^nja), y n p K o c HHH>eHHi^e fla je CKpHBeHO p aflO M flp y rn x a p x e THnoBa, Ha x h b h noKpeTJbHB HaHHH roBopH o h h tp h h c h h k o m acneK Ty JbyflCKe npnpofle K o ra Ha 3HBaMO H3Ka3HHM. O nnnjbH BO , OHeBHflHO h H eH 36e*H o cycpeTaH>e c a CBHM OHHM IHTO H3M je H3Ka3HO, fleryTaHTHO, JiyflO h 0flBpaTH 0 npeH H aH yje H am e n o r a e f le h cTaBOBe o th m nojaBaMa. Tej n a p a fle , KapHeBaJiKe CBeTKOBHHe TpaH cceK cyajiau,a h c jih h h c ,,cKapaflHe jaBHe MaHHcjjecTaiiHje MaH>e cy oflHrpaBaibe KOJieKTHBHe CeHKe, k o jih k o n p o c T o p y KOMe ce Moace yBehaTH H am a ncnx o jio m K a OBecTH pa3yMeBaH>e cfieHOMeHa K oje cm o flo jy n e caHKUHOHHcaJiH h orjiam aB aJiH M op 6 nflHHM.

CBojHM noHamaH>eM, H3raeflOM

cTaBOBHMa

Jiyfla HHje a o c jio b h h o6pa3aij Ham er p acT a, He paflH ce o TOMe fla M o p a M o fla fle n a M O H e M o p a jiH o , HenacHO h jih cyjiyflo. n o v K a H H je fla 3ara3HMO y JiyflH Jio B eh fla npeno3HaMo HMarHHai^njoM KOJieKTHBHy HHtJ)epHopHy npnpoflv h fla Kpo3 cynejbaBaH>e ca o bom c e H O BHTOM, HenpH3H3TOM CTpaHOM CBHX Hac CXB3THMO k o jih k o j e o H a H y*H a h H e 3 a o 6 H J ia 3 H a . JypoflHBH j e CBojeBpcHH speculum mentis h je flH a ofl raaBHHX ncnxojiomKHX 4>yHKi^Hja OBor ap xeT H na o r a e f la ce y TOMe i u t o HaM oM oryhaB a fla h c k ^ c h m o flB ory 6 ocT h H3 H>e H cxoflehy i^ c jio b h to c t jih h h o c th . B h t h cjin n aH jiyflaKy TajHa j e Myflpnx, BeJiH E c x h ji. I J e o o n y c p a 3 B o ja ji h h h o c th noHHBa Ha npeTnocTaBi^H fla primti materia Moace fla ce n p e o 6 paTH y ultima materia, fla ce CTapH

192

193

A flaM n p e o 6 p a 3 H y HOBor A flaM a, C h m o h y Ile T p a . C T o ra j e h o n y c MopaJiHH 3aflaTaK je p n o H H B a Ha yBepeH .y fla cmo MopaJiHO oflroBopHH fla cnpoBefleM O y fle jio , fla ocm hcjihm o h o 6 o * h m o cBe o h o ih t o je y m jio y H am y cBecT.

K o jn M h e yM HpHTH C B ojy r j ia f l . OBaj X j i e 6 j e 3 a M e u ie H n p e B p e M e H a , ca M j e 3 a K B a c a o , 3 a 6 j i a r o f l a p n o c e 6 e , n peJiO M H O c e 6 e , caM c e p a 3 f l e J in o h o fl T a fla t o c T a jiH o h h h h , CBe flo C B p u ie T K a B eK a. n a , 3 a p H e m h c j i h t c fla c a M o 6 y f la J ia MOJKe y t o fla n o B e p y j e ?

o n c H x o T e p a n H jc K o j n p aK C H , c n o Hehe n o n p H M H T H o 6 j i h k y cT ajL eH H X n p e flC T a B a Beh he c e H cn o jb H T H K p o 3 paflH > e, r o B o p h j i h (j)aH T a3 H je K o je cy C B ojcT B eH e o e o M a p x e T H n y , a

Kafla
je p e n M eH y T o o 6 ojK en > e H e HeKOM flp y ro M . JJ a K Jie , n c H X O T e p a n H ja p y K 0B0 l>eH a apxeTHnoM Jlyfle U H Jta Ha t o fla Kpo3 xaoc C T B ap a n o p e f l a K h fla , u c u io e p e M e H o , y n o p e T K y n p a B H x a o c . B y f la j ia y 6 ecM HCJieHOM o T K p H B a C M H cao, a y cMHCJieHOM y o n a B a 6 e c M H c a o . H a j n o c j i e , T JieflaH a H3

nepcneKTHBe JypoflHBor, oncTaHaK ncHxoTepannje nOHHBa H a HeH3BeCHOCTH H Heca3HaTJLHBO CTH . CaMO o H fla K a fla npH X B 3T H M o fla c m o K a o a H a JiH T H H a p n HeM ohH H fla p a 3 y M e M o H a r n e n a u ,H je H T e , fla o 6ja c H H M o H a c T a H a K h > h x o b h x naTH>H h Heflaha, fla h h c m o y c T a H>y fla h x o fl H e n e r a 0fl 6 paH H M 0 h y H e n e M y o ja n a M O , n c H X O T e p a n H ja M O * e fla o n c T a H e h fla c e p a 3 B H ja .

* * *

Ha

K p a jy , BpaTH M O c e j o r n j e f l a p e f l m o m f l p a r o M

n p H ja T e ji> y K o jn j e H ajaB H O , CBojHM cyflQM o n n c i ; y o b h x p e flO B a , T eM y m o t p a f l a . C n o M e H y T H f l o r a i j a j h H > ero B a K O H C T aT aijH ja K o ja c e T H n a J ia m o t fly u ie B H o r cTaH>a H H je H 3 y 3 eT aK . O h j e o b o n e c T o

noHaBJtao

H aflaM c e , n o H a B J b a h e t o h H a fla jb e . IIlT a B H iu e , CBoj c y fl 6 h o 6h h h o H C K a3H B ao y n o T n y H H je M o 6 jiH K y : , , T e 6 e K p a c e flB e o flB p a T H e c p n c K e o c o ^ H H e - j e f l e r n

nyHO x J i e 6 a h npaBHiu c e 6 ji e c a B . Ha c p e h y , o 6 e TBpflH>e c y T aH H e - je fle M n y H o x j i e 6 a h n p aB H M c e

6 jie c a B . KaKo n o n p n p o f l H H H caM T B p flH ija j a 6 h x h x B p jio p a f l o n o fle jiH O c a cb h m o cT aJiH M Cp6HMa h
C pnK H H > aM a, n a h c a cb h m jb y flH M a c B e T a . Y c T B a p H , m h c jih m fla o B e flB e o c o 6 H H e H e H fly je f lH a 6 e 3 f l p y r e . C aM O 6 y f l a ji a

Bepyje

fla h e My c a H e 6 a n a c T H X j i e 6

194

195

J1H T EPA T Y PA 1. Brown, R et al. (npHpei)HBaHH) (1973): P eter in the new testament. N ew York, Paulist Press. 2. ropnneB a, T. (1986 a): C n a ia x p u m h a H C K e n y d o c u iu . "BaKOBO, y i l T .

KOJIHKO JE IIPOMEHA nPOMEHJLHBA?

APXETHIIOJIOIIIKO nPEHCITHTHB AH>E nCHXOTEP AnEYT CKHX nPEftCTAB A nPOMEHE
npoM eHa je HajoMHJfceHHjn h, BepoBaTHO, HajH3BHKaHHjH nojaM caBpeMeHHx ncHXOTepannja, Kojn noflpa 3yMeBa najteBHTO h >KejbeHo n p e o 6pa*effce (n o je j(H H a i;a , H>eroBHX nopHBa, HaBHKa, npeflpacyfla,
o flH o ca c a flpyrH M a. nopoflHHHe flHHaMHKe...). C 063Hp o M ga je B peiieH O M nojaM npoMeHe, to to b o . nocTao

3. TopHHeBa, T. (1986 6): X p u c iu u a H C K iiu d y p a K e een auocfraiuiiKU. TpaHH, H o. 140. Tofl. XLI, Frankfurt, Possev Verlag, 229-240. 4. Gossip, A.J. (1952.): Exposition ofth e gospel according to John. Interpreters Bihle , vol. 8, N ew York, Abington Press. 5. Jung, C.G. (1968): The structure and dynamics o f the psyche. CW 8. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 6. Lopez-Pedraza, R. (1989): Hermes an d his children. Einsiedeln, Daimon Verlag. 7. Mc Guire, W., Hull, R.F.C. (npnpehHBaHH) (1980): C.G. Jung Speaking: ln terview s and Encounters, vol 8., New York, Abington Press. 8. Popovic, V.B. (1988): Arhetipska psihologija. Bgd., D elo, 9-10. 9. Scherer, P. (1952): Exposition o f the gospel according to st. Luke. Interpreter's Bihle, voi. 8. N ew York, Abington Press. 10. Hauke, C. (2000): Jung andpostm odern: The interpretation ofrealities. London, Routledge. 11. Hillman, J. (1975): Re-visioning psychotogy. New York, Harper#row. 12. Zucker, W. (1967): The d o w n as the lord o f disorder. Theology today, No. 24.

chhohhm 3a iicHxoTepanHjy, o KOMe roBope TepaneyTH, aHajiHTHHapH, a h h>hxobh naijHjeHTH, BaJbano 6h 3H3TH Ha HIT3 Ce (cBe) OH OflHOCH H K3KO ce Oflpei>yje. H o 3anyf)yjyhe mbjih 6poj pa^oBa H3 o 6jiacTH ncHXOTepannje pa3MaTpa oBaj, cKopo HyMHH03aH, nojaM. A k o ce o H>eMy h nnuie, o H jja c e caj(pataj th x pa^oBa oflHOCH Ha nHTaite i^HJLa npoMeHe, HaHHHa Ha KojH ce HeuiTo y TepanHjn M oxe H3MeHHTH, Ha p a 3BpcTaBaH>e o 6HMa MeH>aH>a. C jjpyre cTpaHe, to to b o HHiiiTa He MO>KeMO ca3H aTH o TOMe iiima je npoMeHa. HecKJia^ H3Me^y ropjbHBor no3H Ban>a Ha Men>aH>e h, HacynpoT TOMe, MaH>KaBHX oflpei)eH>a nojMa npoMeHe, ro B o p n , y HajMaH>y pyKy, o HeypaBHOTeaceHOCTH HauiHX Teopnja h Hauie npaKce.

XlpacehH c e JyHroBHx cxBaTaH>a aH ajiH 3 e K ao flH jajieK TH H K or noTX B aTa, ap x e T H n cK a n c H x o jio r n ja CM aTpa fla T aj ^ H jajio u iK H o ^ h o c h jih KOM yHHKaiinja
196 197

He MOJKe 6 h t h CBefleH Ha flBa ynecHHKa ( a H a j m r a M a p a h o c o 6 y K oja c e noflBpraBa aHaJiH3H), B eh fla o h o u i t o r a h h h h flHjaJieKTHMKHM jecT e npncycTBO Tpehe. AnjajieKTHHKO noHMaH>e ncHxoTepanHje noflpa3yM eBa fla aHaJiHTHnap h nau;njeHT HHcy caMH. YBeK je npncyT aH T p e h n HHHHJiau;, T p e h a ,,o c o 6 a K oja n o c p efly je H3Met>y h>hx h o ^ K oje, Ha K pajy K pajeB a, 33BHCH aHajiHTHHKH n p o ije c . K o j e OBa , , T p e h a oco6a h jih ynecHHK ncH X O T epannje? H apaBH O p e n j e o JJyi u u , Kojy He T p e 6 a c x b 3 t h t h K ao HHflHBHflvaJiHO h jih c y 6jeKTHBHO C B ojcT B o 0 6 a y n e c H H K a T e p a n n j e , h o K ao o 6jeKTHBHH HHHJiaiJ, MHja Ce peaJIHOCT H e H 3B 03H H3
o b o H B oje. n o f l fly m o M n o a p a 3 y M e B a M O CBeT k o m -

n p a o u , y , y c B a ja H >eroB k p h t h m k h n o r a e f l n p e M a caM oj H a y i^ H o f ly u iH . ,,(JJ )y a c H O C T n c H x o T e p a n e y T a j e f l a c e y B e a c 6 a B a y c a M o c a 3 H a B a H > y h K pH TH K O B3H >y B J i a c r a t h x n p e T n o c T a B K H ...

(Jung, CW 10, 1969.,

nap.

350).

O flH o c H o , n o c T jy H r o B C K a n c H X o j i o r n j a c e 6 e BHflH K a o

K puuiuH K y u c u x o n o z u jy (Tanaka, 2001., 7), K o ja flpacH fla c a M a n c H x o j i o r n j a M o p a n o c T a T H CBoj n p B H n a u;HjeHT

(Giegerich, 2000,152.).

H a y M fla j e c a M a n c H X O T e p a n H ja H e y p o T H H H a H e
3 H aH H n a j e T a K B y , , o 6 o j i e J i y T p e 6 a o f l6 a q H T H . H c t o p n jc K H r j ie f l a H O , n c H X O T e p a n H ja CBoj p a 3 B o j A y r y j e H e y p o 3 H n a u in je H a T a . H e f l y r o 3 a ra M , y H e y p o T H H H o c t h c a M o r a H a jiH T H H a p a O T K pH B aM O j j p y r o r H e H M a p a , H H ja 6 o j b K a n o c T a je M eT O fl n c H X O T e p a n H je . H a n o c jie T K y , H e y p o T H H H o c T

njieK ca h apxeTHncKHX npeflCTaBa, nepcneK TH B e h n o rjiefle Ha cTBapn, CTHJioBe CBecTH, yK JtyM yjyhn Hfleje / n p e^cT aB e o ncHXH, h>chom J io ro c y h n a T o c y , ajiH h H>eHoj T ep an n jH , Te HauiHM pa3HHM norjieflHMa Ha cBeT. Tpehn yMecHHK T e p a n n je - flyma - pa30TKpHBa ce Kpo3 ^Ba nojia h jih o6jiHKa Koja MOceMO pa3jiyMHTH, h o K oja ce , H ajn o cjie, cJiHBajy y jeAHo: caM y Hyuiy h T e o p n je ( n c H x o J i o r H j e ) K oje o H>oj H M aM o. Y k o jih k o c e jo u i je,n,aHnyT BpaTHMO J y H r y , HayMHheMo Aa 03 n oT O H > er 3 3 b h c h cyfl 6 HHa n peT xoflH or. flaK Jie, h c x o ^ ncHXOTepanHje y H ajB ehoj M epn noMHBa Ha HauiHM ncHxojiouiKHM T eo p n jaM a. Harne T e o p n je h h Ha K ojn HaMHH HHcy oflBojeH e 03 n p aK ce (aKHHje). CaM a aK u,nja j e , n p e c B era, jeflH a Hfleja (n p e jjc ra B a ), o h o i u t o p v k o b o ^ h h o 6 jiHKyje a y x Tep a n H je cy H a u i e npeflCTaBe K oje, cjioaceH e Ha o c o 6 e H HaMHH, H33HBaMO T eo p n jaM a. Y k o j i h k o j e n c n x o T ep a n n ja , y ob o m CMHCJiy, T p e h n He3aBHCHH yMecHHK aHajiHTHMKor n p o u ;eca, h Ha K ojn HMa n pecyflaH yTHi^aj, oHfla MOJKeMO npeTnocTaBHTH %a OHa caM a n o ceflyje BJiacTHTO HecBecHO, MaK o c o 6 eHy n e y p o 3 y . H e y p o 3 a H nje, HCKJtyMHBO, o h o u i t o nau,HjeHT h H>eto b aHajiHTHMap ca c o 6 om flO H O ce , h Ha MeMy T e p a n n ja paflH. O H a je HHxepeHTHO CBojcTBO caM e T e p a n n jc K e ncHXOJiorHje. H 3BO flehn cBoj HfleHTHTeT H3 JyHroBHX paflOBa, apxeT H ncK a n c n x o jio rH ja , c a o 6 p a 3 H o c b o m

Tpeher

y n o T n y H > y je n p e f lC T a n a u ,H j e H a T a

By H C T o p H ] e ( H e y p o 3 e ) n c H X O T e p a n H je . K o j i h k o j e H eM o r y h e 3 aM H C JiH T k T e p a n H j y

6e3 H e y p o 3 e

H a H a J iH T H H a p a , t o j i h k o j e o n a c H O c m c t h v t h c a y M a H e y p o T H H H o c T c a M e a H a J iH 3 e . O f l 6 au,HBaH>e n c n x o T e p a n n j e H H je H H iu T a f l p y r o flo H e y p 0 T H H H 0 p e a r o B a H > e H a ib y caMy. ,,H o u ie H > e c a H>eHOM 6 o ji> k o m o 6 aBJi>aMO B e h o n p o 6 a H o M p y K O B e r a M ex a H H 3 aM a o f l 6 p a H e . A j i h aK o ce flp jK H M b k p h t h h k h x n p H H ii,H n a a p x e r a n c K e M opa n o c T a ra n c H x o Jio rH je

( ,,...n c H x o ji o r H ja

cB o j

n p B H n a u ,H je H T ,

Giegerich),

to

o H f la 3H aH H f l a H a r n e

T e o p n j e h n p a K c a n c H x o T e p a n H j e , H e M a i t e H e r o H>eHH yM ecH H i^H , T p a jK H a H a J iH 3 y .

n o u iT O

H e y p 0THMH0CT

n o flp a 3 y M e B a

pacu,en

n c H x e , H a p y iu a B a H > e H>eHe H 3 B o p H e ije jio B H T O c r a h x H n e p T p o c j} H p a H p a 3 B o j CBecTH H a y u iT p 6 HecBecH or, o H fla Hcu;eji>eH>e H e y p o 3 e n o flp a 3 y M e B a B a c n o c T a B jb a H>e uejiOBHTOCTH - Blick furs Ganze - c a r j i e f l a B a i b e f l y m e K a o n o T n y H e . Ho y H a u ie M c j i y n a j y , cyflHOHHK y u;ejio B Jb aB aH > a - pa3B H jaH > a HHc|>epHopHHX cjDyHKU,Hja. H H T e r p a i ^ n j e c e H K e h y c n o c T a B jb a H > a f l n j a j i o r a c a H e-

CBecHHM - H H je o c o 6a , h o c a M a T e p a n n jc K a n c n x o J i o r n j a , T e i;H Jb a H a jiH 3 e H H cy H eypoT H M H e o c o 6HHe n a u ,n je H T a h j i h a H a j i H r a n a p a , B e h c a M e T e p a n n j e , K o jy o B fle c a r jie f la B a M o K a o ayTOH OM Hy j i h h h o c t . >KejiHM O

198

199

fla OTKpiijeMo fla jih j e n cH xoT epanH ja n p e y 3 e jia HeKe

HeypoTHHHe o S p a c ije , MHcaoHe n p o q e c e h MexaHH3Me y cK Jion B JiacraT e ,,cBecTH h jih m h o t HfleHTHTeTa , h uiT a n p o jeK T y je Ha nainnjeH Ta. J3,a jih y H>eMy noK ymaBa fla OBJiafla h c th m npoijecH M a k o jh x j e c Jien a y ce6H , H a M e p a B a jih y naijHjeHTy nopa3HTH o h o h i t o He CMe y c e 6 n fla n p e n o 3 H a . CBaKaKO j e H eM oryhe y je^HOM HJiaHKy pa3MOTpHTH CBe Ba>KHe ncH xojiouiK e n p e ^ c T a B e Koje c y yTKaHe y H aiue caBpeM eH e n o rjie fle Ha ncHXOTepanHjy, a kojh je HHHe HeypOTHHHOM. Ja h y ce 3a oBy npHJiHKy 3aflOBOJi>HTH npeH cnH TH BaiteM caM o jeflH e ( u p o M e n a ), j e p CMaTpaM fla oHa caflpJKH oco6eHy ceHKy K oja, yKonHKo ocTaH e H eocB em heH a, BOflH j o m H3pa3HTHjoj HeypoTHHHoj T eopH ju h npaK ch. P a 3M aT pajyhn n p o 6 jie M npoM eH e p a 3 J io x n h y Moj pafl Ha TpH flejia: ) upoM ena y u cu x o iu ep a u u ju ) upoM eH a kuo u c u x o u ie p a u u ja e) ilpoM ena u c u x o u ie p a u u je

ofl n H T a ita 11ITA. IIlT a je npoM eH a? H 3rjie fla fla HemTeflHMHu;e 3 ar0B apaM 0 n p o M e H y h y h c t o BpeMe MaH>KaMO HflejaMa m T a OHa yncTHHy je cT e . Y npK O c T o ra , 0 6 H ap 0 fl0 BaJiH cm o fla j e npoM eH a cp>K T ep a n H je . r i p o H c x o f l H e ja c H o h e h H eojjpeljeH ocTH y c a r a e SaBaH>y ,,cymTHHe npoM eH e b o h h P 3 3 h o jih k h m n p o 6 jieMHMa y T epanH jckhm nocTyniiHM a. IlpB H n p o 6 jieM MO>KeMO HCK33aTH C JieflehH M
n H T a ite M : ,,K o yBOflH H fle jy n p o M e H e y T e p a n n jc K H n p o u , e c ? Y p a ^ o B H M a <t>. F l e p n c a 0T K pH B aM 0 fla j e K Jin jeH T T a j k o j h flO Jia3H H a T e p a n n j y c a HayM OM fla c e

MeH>a. Ilp e M a yneH > y p o flO H a n e jiH H K a r e m T a j i T Tep a n n j e , ca M T e p a n e y T H H je ,,MeH>aii ( c h a n g e r ) , h o je ^ H H K a K o j a , y n p a B o 3 6 o r T o r a i u t o j e c T e o H a ( j ) K o ja ( h ) j e c T e , n o K p e h e n p o M e H y y K JiH jeH T y. A p y r e T e p a n n j e f l e ji e OBe n o r j i e f l e , h o j a h x a o b o a h m y nH TaH >e. M n m j b e i b a caM fla m li T e p a n e y T H v b o a h m o n p e flC T a B y n p o M e H e y T e p a n H jy . K p o 3 H a iu e 0 6 p a 3 0 B a H > e , T e p a neyT C K H T p e H H H r h n p a K c y yH H M o fla b h c o k o ijeH H M o npoM eH y. Y

HaniHM

c b c th m

KH>HraM a n p o M e H a j e

A. IIPOMEHA y nCHXOTEPAIIHJH
Pa3MaTpaH>e npeflCTaBe npoM eH e y o bom o ^ e Jb K y 6 n h e yoKBHpeHo m ojhm BJiacTHTHM pecjDjieKCHja-

y 3B e fle H a H a p a B a H C n M 6 o j i a B e p e , a n o u i T o B je p y jy HMa yH H B ep 3 ajiH H K a p a K T e p , O H eK y jeM o o fl H a m n x n a i^ n je H a T a fla c a o 6 p a 3 e CBaKa HOBa T e p a n n j a u ip a u c c p e p H O M C B oje n o H a m a i b e , T e fla c e O T n o H H ib e H am oM n p o M e H e h j i h n p e o 6 p a 3 e . IIlTaBH iue, M o * e M o p e h n fla

KOHiupa-

Ma. O T yfla ncTpa>KHBan>e oTnoHHH>eM n p ejin cT aB aH>eM JiH TepaType pa3HOJiHKHX TepannjcKHX uiKOJia, h o H o ra m T a TaKo m ojkcm o ca3HaTH o HapeneHOM, b h coKOi^eiteHOM n o jM y . C a 3HajeMO n o flo cT a o TexHHKaMa K oje c y caaflaH e 3 a p a f l rioflCTHu,aH>a h jih ocTBapeH>a npoM eH e y / h jih j ih h h o c t h , H>eHHX CTaBOBa, HaBHKa, KOHCTpyKaTa, Hfleja, H3Mei?y o c o 6 a , r p y n a h cji. T a K o ^ e , npnjiHHHO j e mTHBa H anncaH o o y3poijHM a npoM eH e, pa3Jio3HM a MeH>aH>a h jih u,HjteBHMa 3apaji; K ojnx B ajba n o ry p aT H , noKpeHyTH n p e o 6 p a * a j (y ) jih h h o c t h . CaacHMajyhH CBe n o 6 p o je H o , o t k p h o caM f la T a ro M H Jia KH>Hra nonpHJiHHHo flo 6 p o n o K p H B a imTan>a 3AU ITO h K A K O npoM eH e, a n n t o t o b o HHmTa

p e a K i^ n jo M

- cJ^ariT asH joM n p o M e H e .

M H o r o n p e h o m T O n p B a c e a H c a o T n o H H e , Moj yM j e

6peMeHHT H fle ja M a n p o M e H e , a y T p eH y T K y K a fla n a U HjeHT 3 a K o p a H H y M oj T e p a n e y T C K H n p o c T o p , j a n p o je K T y je M n p e flc T a B V

npoMeHe Ha

H > era / H>y. H a M e c T o

flo 6p o H aM 3HaHHX T e p a n H jc K H x H 3 p e K a : ,,J a caM j a , a t h ch t h h t o j e J i e n o h j i h ,,J a caM M opam ce

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M eH >ajyhH c e 6 e ! . H y * f l a n p o M e H e H 3B H pe H 3 H am n x y ij 6 eH H K a h T e p a n H j c k h x npaKTHKyMa, c a ncKycTBeh h x paflHOHHU(a h n o B p x C B e ra , t o j e 3 a x T e B K ojn d p y -

iiiiu e o nocTaB Jba.

200

A p y r o , K afla ro B o p H M O o Mecry n p o M e H e y T e p a n n jc K O M n p o i j e c y m o x c m o yoM HTH c j i e ^ e h e j a ) n p o M e H a j e uiepaUujcKU u,ujb\ h j i h 6 ) c p e d c iu e o iip eo 6pcm :aja. Ilp H M e p H ije , aH aJiH TH H K a n c n x o j i o r H j a K. T. J y H r a H3 flB a ja H H flH B H flyauH jy K a o H ajBHH iH T e p a n n j c k h u,njb. R a 6 h n o r a o M o r a o x e ji> e H H n p e o 6 p a * a j JIHHHOCTH, aH aJIH TH M ap h e KOpHCTHTH p a 3JIHHHTe T exH H K e (aK TH B H y H M arH H au,H jy, TyM aH eH >e cH O B a, B o fje H e 4 )a H T a 3 H je , aM nJiH c|)H K ai^H jy, H r p y h n j i e c .. . ) K o je c y M y H a p a c n o jia r a H > y . Y o b o m h y c j i h h h h m cjiy H a je B H M a , n p o M e H a c e b h jj h K a o iu exn im K a aKTHBh o c t . T e J i o c (xeA .o q ), ijH Jb h j i h c B p x a a H aJiH 3 e j e n p o M eH a.

3 H O Jio rH je ? X o h e M O j i h y c j i y n a j y o c o 6 e K o ja y c e 6 n ,iHOCH M H O *H H y ,,nOflJIHHHOCTH , K o je M o r y H H e MOp a j y fla 3 H a jy je f lH e 3 a f l p y r e , n o H C T a h n n p o M e H y h j i h , c f l p y r e c T p a H e , n o K y m a T H A a o 6 y 3 fla M O 3 j i o k o 6 h h n p o n e c npoM eH e? O flro B o p ncnxoT epaneyT a k o jh

3a -

f O B a p a n p o M e H y j e c a jjp a c a H y c jie n e h e M : n a , c a M a ' c ra 6 H J iH 3 a u ;H ja h O BJiaflaBaH >e ,,iuaJiT O B aH >eM H3 j e p H e j i h h h o c t h y flp y ry j e n p o M eH a! H n c a M c n ry p a H pa j e o B a j HCK33 B a jta H a p ry M e H T . H a B e m h y c a M o p,Ba p a 3 j i o r a . A k o c m o H3 H a n p e a H 3 p e ii e i i o r oflp eflH JiH n p o M e H y K a o i{ u /b , y o b o m n p H M e p y j e i;hji> H eM eH>aH>e, C T a6H JiH 3ai^H ja, y K o p e H > H B a iie y je sH O M T H T eT y. H c t o TaK O , aKO j e n p o M e H a c x B a h e H a K a o c p e d c i u e o n p e o 6 p a * a j a , T a j (H en p eK H flH H ) n p e o 6 p a Mcaj j e H H x e p e H T H o c B o jc T B o

r i 0 T0 H>e M o ry h e 3HaHeii.e n p o M e H e j e o h o K a jja

j e ,,K opH C TH M o M eflH jvM . n o c p e flH H K a , HHTepBeH H U jy h y B a p n ja 6 j i y h j i h c p e jjc T B o K o je M O * e H 3a3B aT H H 3M eH y, B a p H ja iiH jy , M OflH<|)HKaijHjy. n p e H H a H e ib e h j i h n p e o 6 p a * ;e H > e . K a j j a c e o c o 6 a , H a n p H M e p , H a i)e y H e K o j HOBoj CHTyai^H]H h j i h K afla c e cyoM H c a n p o 6 jieM O M y cHBOTy, o H a M o ac e fla j e p e u iH K o p H C T eh H c e p a H H je ycB ojeH H M KOHCTpy k t h m a . Y k o j i h k o j e n p o 6 jie M T B pfl O p a x , C TapH KOHCTpyKTH HHCy OA K O ' pHCTH. 3aT o TepaneyT n o M a JK e c B o jo j KjrnjeHTKHhbn T 3KO HITO h e ae-KOHCTpyHCaTH H pe-K O H C TpyH C aTH CBe o h o h i t o j y j e ^ o B e J io y h o p c o K a K . Via n p o M e H a o co 6 a p a 3B H ja n o fle c H H je K O H CTpyK Te, K o jn c y o ^ KOpHCTH y p e m a B a H > y f l a T o r (H O B o r) n p o 6jie M a . I l o 6 p o je H H M 3 H a lieH>HMa n p o M e H e y n c n x o T e p a n n j H H e M o * e c e H H u r r a n p n r o B o p H T H . J l e n o , a jiH n a jih
ce THM e

Kao

caMor n o p e M e h a j a ,

Te 6h

o T y o B 0 flH 0 H 3 jien eH > y , m T O H apaB H O H H je c ji y n a j. H a c T a B H M jih c a o c B p T a ite M H a H eraT H B H e a c n e K Te n p o M e H e , n o 3 B a h y c e H a n p H M e p o c o 6 a K o je n a T e

ofl rpaH H H H or nopeMehaja ji h h h o c t h . TpaHHHHa o c o 6 a c e n o c T o ja H O h H C T p ajH o n p e 6 a u ,y je H3 y cn jaH H X

n o K p H B a jy

cea M o ry h a

3H aneH > a T o r

6 e c H H x CTaH>a y X Jiafliiy H eoceT jbH B O C T . H OBfle H a fle jiy n p o M e H a HM a p e c r rp y K T H B H o p e jc T B o . n o n y r ffB a n03H T H B H a CBOjcTBa n p O M e H e , MOXeMO p a 3JIHKOBaTH flB a H e ra T H B H a / p y m H Jia H K a : ij) n p o M e H a K a o y 3p o K 6 o jie c T H h p ) n p o M e H a K a o 6 o ji e c T h jih nopeMehaj. Y k o jih k o cm o K ao T epaneyT H yncTHHy HCK peHH , p e h n heM O fla j e n p o M e H a n o n y T re m T a jiT a , fla ii o c e f l y j e jjBa jiH K a - o h o H a n p e f l, K a o n o n e T a K ( 6 o jie c T H , nopeM e h a j a ) , o h o n o 'j a p n K a o cBpm eTaK ( n p e o 6 p a a c a j , c a M o o c T B a p e H > e , y u ,e J io B J b a B a ib e ...).

H3p a 3 a ?

T o p e H a B e fle H a 3H aneH >a o 6 y x B a T a jy k o h -

ciupyK uiueH u h j i h uo3uiuu6H ii f le o c n e K T p a , aJiH n p o M eH a n o c e f l y j e , H H U iTa M an>e, c B o jy b ecm p yK u iu eH y h H eaiuu6H y CTpaHy. II lT a h e M O , ripH M epH U ,e. c a o c o 6 o m K o j a n a T H 0 3 M y jiT H n J io r n o p e M e h a j a j i h h h o c t h . J e f la H T p e H j e je jjH a o c o 6 a c a o c o 6 eHHM M eH TajiH H M c n o c o H o c T H M a , n o H a m a H > e M , n a M h e n > e M , pecfiJieK C H jo M h o ceh aH > H M a, y c ji e ^ e h e M , f l p y r a o c o 6 a n o c B e p a 3jiH M H T or ncH X H M K or CKJiona, naK A p y ra im je 4>h-

Tpehn n p o 6 jieM je BHme c(dhjioco4)ckh h THHe ce HHje BaacHO o k o m acneK T y POBOpHMO - n03H TH B H 0M HJIH H eraTH B H O M - y CBaKOM c j i y n a j y , M o p a M o n p o ije H H T H , H3panyHaTH h j i h H 3M epHTH K BaJIH TeT H / HJIH KBaHTHTeT n p O M e H e . To 3HaHH
K a iu e o p u je e p e M e n a .

fla HaM je n o T p e 6 Ha HeKa o 6jeKTHBHa, apxHMeaoBCKa TanK a K o ja O M O ry h a B a npou,eHy, a t o j e BpeMe. Pen je o n o jM y K o jn o 6 y x B a T a cJ)eHOM eHe MeH>aH>a h cTajih o c t h h k o j h m c e o h h o 6ja m H > a B a jy .

202

y KaKBOM j e 0 flH0 c y BpeM e c a HflejaMa npoM eH e

h H en p o M eH Jb H B o c T H H a jjia K in e Mo>KeMo b h a c t h p a 3 -

M aT p ajy h n r jia r o ji ,,MeH>aTH . FIonyT c b h x r j ia r o jia , h oBaj 3axTeB a cy 6jeK Ta (npoM eH e), Tj. ^ k o jih k o HMa npoM eH e H eu u llo c e M opa npoMeHHTH. A jih , aKO c e ije /ia BaceJteHa MeH.a, oH a Mopa ocTaTH B a c e jte H a flOK n p o jia 3H K po 3 n p o ite c npoM eH e; yKOJiHKO ce Jejie H a MeH>a, oH a M opa Ha h c k h HaHHH oMyBaTH cBoj HfleHTHTeT fla 6h flpyrn h / h jih oH a caM a 3HaJiH fla ce npoM eHHJia. Jl,aK Jie , c B e npoM eH e c y pejiaTHBHe y oflHOcy H a KOHCTaHTHy n o 3 a flH H y , h 6 e 3 e J ie M e H a T a cTaj i h o c t h , cB aK a npoM eH a 6 h 6 h ji 3 6 ecM ncJieHa. H a j jeflHOCTaBHHje o 6 jauiK.eH>e HenpoMeHJbHBOcTH je fla npoM eH a yBeK npeflcTaB Jba 3aMeHy, H ajM aite je flH o r cnei^H^jHMHor -KBajiHTeTa (p eip iM o je flH o r - M ajiaflanTHBHor - n o H a u ia ita ) , k o jh j e HeycKJiaflHB c a np eT xoflHHM, a o n eT , c a KojHM flejiH reHepHHKH HfleHTHTeT. K o c m o c o c T a je k o c m o c , aJiH MeH>a C B ojy 4>opMy, BejiHHHHy h jih cTpyKTypy; j a ocT ajeM jih m h o c t ajiH MeH>aM H3rjie fl, HaBHKe, n p n ja T e jb e , npojia3H M K po3 p a 3jiHMHTe >KHBOTHe MeHe... C a x e T O peM eHo, uiT aro fl c e M eitaJio , 3aflpacaB a cBojy reHepHMKy cTajiHocT (K ao B a c e jte H a , K ao jih m h o c t). H jih jeflHOCTaBHO p e MeHO, Kafla c e Ha ceMac})opy ijpBeHO c b c tj io 3aMeHH 3 ejieHHM, c b c t j io o c T a je h c t o , floK c e H>eroBa 6 o ja MeH>a. (O h jio c o ^ jc k h m nHTaibeM fcpeaiuueH e npoM eHe, flaKJie He 33 MeHOM H eK or cneijHc|)HHHor CBojcTBa flpyrHM cnei^H(J)HMHHM KBaJiHTeTOM, B eh n p e jia ceH>eM H3 HHMera y HeuiTO, He 6 n h a y 6 n h e , H ehy ce

fla HaM 3aropna >khbot. PeM je, HacJiyhyjeTe, o HenpoMeHJbHBocTH. rionyT CBor napitaKa, hh OBaj nojaM HHje nper(H3HO oflpeheH y ncHxojiorHjn h ncHxoTepanH]H. A k o Henp0MeHJbHB0CT npeflCTaBJba KOHCTaH-

6 aBHTH; n p H M . B . B . n . ) .
y K p aT K o , o npoM eHH ce He M O *e m h c jih th yKOjih k o HeMa BpeMeHa. rip o M eH a TeMe K po3 BpeMe. y BpeMeHy je caflpacaH a npoM eH a. A jih , uiT a heM o c a BpeMeHOM? K o h jih u iT a je cappiKarejh BpeM eHa? J J a jih h H>era o flp e i)y je HeuiTO H3B3H H>era? (O b h m HefloyMHuaMa h y c e BpaTHTH y nocJieflH>eM ofleJbKy; npHM. B . E . n . )
C n o M e H y T H c J )h jio c o c |)c k h n p o 6jie M HM a C B o je n c H x o jio u i K e H M nJiH K ai^H je. C aM O je f lH a j e fl 0 B0Jb H a

th v no3aflHHy h y ncHxoTepanHjH, KaKo je oflpeflHTH H BpeflHOBaTH? H 3 Hanpefl p e n e H o r nponcTHM e fla h HenpoMeHJbHBOcT npeflcraBJba ,,jia6aBH KOHCTpyKT, Kojn (3Ji0)yn0Tpe6jbaBaM0 no noTpe6n. IlpeBHiue CJio6ofle y fle(J)HHHcaH>y obhx napoBa cynp0TH0CTH HHje oflJiHKa jeflHe oflpe^eHe TepannjcKe uiKOJie, Beh yHyTap BehHHe h>hx cycpeheMo KOJie6aH>a h no3HBaiba Ha pasjiHMHTa oflpeijeiba.2 3 Cjieflehn n p o 6 jieM ce HaflOBe3yje Ha npeT xoflH a flBa. CBaKa npoMeHa y TepannjH je, cBecHO hjih HecBecHo. npou,eH>eHa ofl crpaHe caM o r nau,njeH Ta hjih TepaneyTa, ajiH h Kp03 h>hxobo 3ajeflHHMKo BpeflHoBaibe. Obhm ce y nrpy yBOfle nojMOBH y c u e x a a n e y c u e x a . fla jih je aHaJiH3a 6njia n ji0 fl0 T B 0 p H a , jecy jih H>eHH n p o ucxoflH noaceJbHH? Vkojihko HMa 6hjio KaKBe ao6hth, KaKBe je BpcTe, Kor creneHa h cji. Hcnafla fla ce Hauie Tepai|HjcKe HHTepBeHijHje npou;eH>yjy nocpeflCTBOM npoMieHe. Haiua kjihhhmk3 yMeuiHocT oncTaje hjih nafla y 3aBHCH0CTH og npoM eH e. Ko oBfle npoi^eH>yje Kora? Ha jih ja (TepaneyT) oflpet)yjeM ecJ)eKTe npoM eH e, hjih OHa Bara Moje Heycnexe h ycnex e y aHaJiH3H? Ha obom MecTy ynaflaMO y cTynnu;y. KaKo heMo H3MepHTH ycneuiHocT Tepannje ^kojihko HMaMo Myra e Hfleje npoMeHe? HaK HaKO ce npHKJiaitaMo HeKOM oflpet)eH>y npoMeHe, fla jih to 3HaMH fla je ycnex jeflHHO
23 HajnoflpoSHHja o flp e ^ e a a npoMeHe y ncHxojiornjH h ncHxoTepanHjH n 0HyflH0 je IJ. PnxjiaK (J. F. Rychlak) y KftHraMa: THE PSYCHOLOGY OF RIGOROUS HUMANISM, New York: New York University Press, 1988 h INTRODUCTION TO PERSONALITY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY. Boston: HOUGHTON MIFFLIN Co. 1973. PHxnaK npaBH 3HaMajHy pa3JiHKy H3MeJ>y fleMOHCTpaTHBHor h anjaneKTHMKor oflpe^eH>a npoMeHe y ncHXOTepanHjH h, jo u i BHine,
yKa3yje Ha 6e 3BpeMeHH acneKT npoMeHe.

204

i h to Hac 3aHHMa? IIoflceTHMo ce, npoMeHa - Kao reuiTaJiT - HMa flBe crpaH e, jeflHy 3JioKo6Hy h flpyry noacejtHy, Te Kafla HHCHCTHpaMO Ha cbctjiom acneKTy npoMeHe, Herfle y HecBecHOM mh noKpeheMO H>eH Tamhh acneKT. A p*hm o Ha yMy eHaniuuodpoMujy, ncHXOJIOUIKH 33KOH, KOTa je OTKpHO K. r . JyHT, a KOjHM ce H aro B e u rra B a fla CBaKH hchxhmkh npoijec noniTo KyjiMHHHpa, Mopa fla KpeHe y cynp0TH0M npaBijy. C b3kh ycnex noceflyje cBoje HaJiHMje - Heycnex, h oGpaTHO, cBaKH H ey cn ex hoch ceMe ycnexa. noflCTHijaH>e ycnexa je JiaTeHTHO npaheHO HeycnexoM. Y H a n o p y fla H36eraeM o Ty noHH5KaBajyhy CHTyau,Hjy H e M o h n , mh TepaneyTH npnSeraBaMo flopo 3HaHOM nocTynKy. J^eJiHMO <J)eHOMeH H aflB oje, 0flBajaM0 ycnex ofl H eycnexa h, joiu ro p e, u;enaK>e Mopa o6yxBaTHTH r^ejioKynHH cjjeHOMeH npoMeHe. YHHmTaBaH>e npeflCTaBe npoMeHe je HHxepeHTHO CBojcTBo CBaKe TepannjcKe
n c H x o Jio rn je .

TeTO M i 6 n B an > a, H >er 0B 0M cyuiT H H O M , y c M e p a B a H a c K a fly 6 HHH. P eM j e o n H T an > y K o je H3B H p e H 3 f l y iu e n H T a H a K o jn T p a r a 3a fly u io M fle u ia B a n > a . U lT a n p H jaH >a y 3 (J)eHOM eH, T p a a c e h n o fl H > era fla c e H 3HOBa H 3 J io x H , noH O B H

Kpo3

f l p y r e H 3p a 3e , fla

3 e H T y je K p o 3 H H e n p e flC T a B e . r i H T a i t e

ce penpeituTia n o f l p a -

ce

3 y M e B a fla j e ncHXH c B y rfle h yB eK CBe o fl 3H a n a j a , fla j e CBe TH H e.

Kao cKyn, n H T a i t a 3 a u iT O , K aK o h u iT a , n o K p n B a jy n y H O T o r a i u t o c e TH H e n cH X 0 Ji0 rH 3 0 B aH > a, a jiH

H 3 M e ^ y t h x n H T a f t a H M a K pynH H X p a 3JiH K a. BOflH n H T a n a K a o6jau in > eH > H M a h j i h cBpcn;

3aiuuio
kuko

ra

y c M e p a B a K a HH30BHM a y c J io B a , n p H M e H a h j i h p a 3p e nieH > a. 0 6 a H a c y f la jb y jy ofl o H o r a u i t o j e H e n o c p e flH O flaT O , o H o r a i u t o c e yHCTHHy c a f la oflB H ja h n p e flC T a BJta. Uliila ,c a f l p y r e e r p a H e , n p n n a f l a (|)eH 0 M eH 0 Ji 0 rn jn , c o63H poM

fla o f l p e t) y j e

n p e flC T a B y K a o , , o h o i u t o

c e caMO no c e 6 n n o K a 3y j e (Casey, 1989). IlcHxoJiorH30B aH >e / n p o 3 H p a H > e j e 4>eH 0 M eH 0Ji 0 u iK 0 o H fla K a fla c e O K p e h e caM H M 36HBaH>HMa h K a fla f l o n y u iT a fla H aM o h h caM H c a o n u i T e u iT a c y . O fla B fle H a fla jb e a p x e T H n c K a n c H X O Jio rH ja H a n y u iT a 4 > e H 0 M e H 0 Ji0 rH jy 3a n y h y j y h n c e f lp y r o M cT a3 0 M . Y n o T n y H o c T H c e n o c B e h y j e 4 >aHTa 3H jaM a h

B. IIPOMEHA KAO nCHXOTEP AnH JA

TeMa Kojy pa 3MaTpaM - npoMeHa - np0H3B0fl je ncHXHMKHx K p e T a ita Koja, H3HyTpa h cnojta, B prne npHTHcaK Ha Hac, a t o mhhh fla n 0M H H >eM 0 npeno3HaBaTH oho uito Ha3HBaM ceecul o UpoMeuu. Bpahajy h n ce ncHX0Ji0rH30BaH>y, MeTOflH Kojy hy kophcthth 3apafl p e 4 > J ie K c n ja o npeflCTaBH npoMeHe, pehn hy fla Taj nocTynaK npBeHCTBeHo cjiyacn 3a pa3MaTpan>e ncHxojiouiKHX nHTaita IIITA? h KO?, ocTaBJbajyhn no crpaHH B H iu e 4>hjioco(|)cko 3AJIITO? h npaKTHm h o K A K O ? . JeflHocTaBHo, ncHX0Ji0rH30BaH>e nHTa UITA? MaK H y n c H X O T e p a n H jc K o j ceaHcn nocTaBJbaMo nHTaita nonyT: uiTa ce floroflHJio?", IIlTa ocehaTe?, IIlTa xejiHTe? h cji. H3a h>hx cjiefle IIlTa obo 3Hamh?, UlTa T a H f le ja 0 3 H a M a B a ? hjih UlTa mhhh T a j o6pa3au;?. ,,IIlTa Hac HenocpeflHo boah hckom 36hBaH>y. IIoTpara 3a ,,UlTacTBOM, yHyTapH>HM HfleHTH206

npeflCTaBaMa,

H a n y u iT a h h t c h i j h o -

H ajiH O 3 a p a f l flB ocM H C JieH or, B p a h a m h t c k h m o 6 p a cu,H M a h jiHKOBHM a,

npeTnocTaBJba H M arH H ajiH o Jiorn-

m k o m . M jim , a K o >K ejiHTe, pehn hy ja c H O , apxeTHncKa n c H X O Jio rH ja rjiefla H a c B e c H a 36H B an> a h H a M e p e H 3 n e p c n e K T H B e H e c B e c H o r, 030330 . O H a r j i e f l a H a flH eb h h CBeT c a C T p aH e H o h n , H3 M a u iT e h H>eHHX a p x e T H n o B a . 06jauiH >aB a H e ja c H o j o r n HejacHHjHM. I l o p e f l T o r a , a p x e T H n c K O ncHX0Ji0rH30BaH>e He. K o p n c T H n o jM O B e y onH C H B aH > y c B o jn x BH3H ja , h o n p e flC T a B e h M e T a c ^ o p e . K o jn / K o ja / K o je ?

Kpehyhn

c e y CBe B e h e fly -

6 n H e , n c H x o J io r H 3 y jy h e uiiua c e p a 3J ia a c e H cnpBa y

(Koja

y M H O uiTBy ij p T a h j i h

e M o i jn j a c e H c n o jb a B a y o b o m T p e H y T K y ? ) h H a n o cJieT K y y Ko? (,,Ko H3 M eH e K a a c e fla c a M o flB p a T a H ? , Ko h h h h fla c e o c e h a M k p h b h m ? , Ko H3 M o je

207

A y m e t o j i h k o 6 e 3HaAe>KHO acyflH 3a t o 6 o m ? ). K o c e THMe apxeTHncKHx jiHKOBa yH yTap KOMnJieKca, CHa, cH M nT O M a h jih n c H x o jio m K e H fle je . K a jja a p x e T H n c K O n cH X 0 Ji0 rH 3 0 B aH > e npH M eH >yjeM O H afl (|)eHOM eHOM o KOMe j e Ha o b h m c T p a m m a M a p e n , t o 3H aHH fla m op aM O 3ap o H H T H y

n o M o h n nai^njeHTy y npHXBaTaH>y h TpnjbeH>y naTH>e, K ao HeH36eaKHor acneK T a *HBOTa, m r a c e M o x e h c k o ph c t h t h K ao m aH ca 3a JIHMHH pacT (F ran k , 1982 iO ). M a ib e je B aao io m r a je OpaHKOBa flecjDHHHijHja n p e o 6 HMHa, T e 6 h 3aroBopHHUH paijH 0 HajiH 0 -eM 0 THBHe T e p a n n je , KorHHTHBHe T epan H je, re n iT a jiT Tep a n n je , ncnxoaH ajiH 3e h jih M aKor BH^a T ep an n jcK e ncH x o jio rH je, m o tjih npnroB opH T H fla oH a He ^OTHMe cymTHHy H>HXOBOr je^HHCTBeHor npHCTyna. B a * H H je j e fla OHa, c jih h h o B o ji 6 e p ro B o j, H3BHpe H3 MeflHii;HHCKor MOflejia h KJiacHHHe ncHXonaTO JiorHje, Te jja c T o ra M opa ^ a ce o c jia ib a Ha nojMOBe n o n y T - 6 o J ie c r, o 6 o jb e ib e , n o p e M e h a j, TpeTMaH, AHjarH03a, c h m h to m , mKOAJbHBo... IlpB O nocTaBH 3H jarH 03y, iio to m n p H MeHH TpeTMaH fla 6 h H 3jieiHO / y 6 jia>KHO oTKpHBeHy 6 o jiecT h jih n o p e M e h a j. J le n o , ajiH jja jih j e o B a j MOfleji npHMeHJbHB H a n p o 6 jieM e SKHBJbeiba, n p o 6 jieM e npH Jia ro ija B a ib a , o flp acT aib a, y 6paH H H M h nopoflH H H H M n p o 6 jieMHMa h cji? HapaBHO jja HHje, Te M opaM o n p o MeHHTH H am e cTaBOBe o n c H x o T e p a n H jH . M o p aM o 3 a MeHHTH (J)HKI^Hjy MeflHIJHHCKOr MOfleJia HeHHM a p y THM. KriHHHHap K ojn je B nrae ncH xojiom K H HCTaHHaH, noH y^H he cjie fle h e oflpet)eH>e: ,,IIcHXOTepanHja... je nJiaHHpaHa aKTHBHOcT n c n x o jio r a , HHja cB pxa je ocTBapHBaibe upoM ene y n o je flH H u ;y K oje h e H>eroBo npHJiarot)aBaH>e Ha j k h b o t yHHHHTH noTeHu,HjajiHo cpehHHjHM, KOHCTpyKTHBHHjHM h jih o 6 o je (R otter, 1971., 7 9 .) H jih H em To nonyT : IIpBeHCTBeHo Bep6 ajiHO cpefl;cTBo npyxaH > a n o M o h n o c o 6 aMa K oje n a Te, MeH>aH>eM h>hxobhx m hcjih, ocehaH>a h n o H a m a ib a , 3 a p a ^ yMaH>HBaH>a 6 o jih h ocTBapHBan>a B e h e r * h b o t h o t 3aAOBOjbCTBa (D av iso n /N eale, 1998., T -20.) T e p a n e y T Ha n p o ^ e c n o H a jia H HaHHH, CMaTpa H ni^eji, noK ym aB a ^ a no flC T aK H e K Jin je H T a ^ a npoM eHH y x e JbeHOM npaBi^y n o H a m a ib e h jih flpyiHTBeHe o k o jih o c t h (N ietzel e t al, 1997., 2 3 2 .) ,D,Oftahy OBOMe CTaHOBnmTe rem T ajiT T e p a n n je . n p e M a L(HHKepy

y luuia

ko

4 > aH T a3H je n p o M e H e .

H a jo m iiT H je M cMHCJiy, n c H X O T e p a n H ja j e M e-

TOfl K ojH M c e noflCTH M e n p o M e H a y n o H a m a f t v o c o 6 e , H>eHOM p a 3 M H m jta H > y h j i h oceh aH > H M a. T e p a n n ja , H apaB H O , n o flp a 3 y M e B a H H T epB eH ijH j e y KOHTeKCTy n p o 4>ecH0HajiH0r O RH Oca, Be3e K o jy TpajKH n au n jeH T h / h j i h H >eroB c T a p a T e jb ( p o f lH T e jb ). T o k o m ro ^ H H a j a BHJie c y c e 6 pojH e fle4>nHHU,Hje n c H X O T e p a n H je , a j e ^ h o THnHHHO o jjp e lje H > e HaM j e , j o m n p e TpHfleceTaK

rojjH H a, n 0 HyflH0 B . B o Ji 6 e p r :

,,IlcHxoTepanHja j e o 6 j i h k TpeTMaHa y p e m a B a H>y n p o 6 jie M a eMOTHBHe n p H p o jje , y KOMe o 6 y i ie H a o c o 6 a H aM epH O y c n o c T a B jb a n p o tJ je c n o H a jiH H o flH o c neH>e h j i h
h c a n ai^ n jeH T O M , u,H Jb ajy h H H a oTKJiaH>aH>e, n p e H H a y c n o p a B a H > e n o c T o je h H X CHM nTOM a, n o c p e -

3 y j e y p e m a B a H > y n o p e M e h e H H X o 6 p a 3 a u ;a n o H a m a ib a

noTnoMaace no3HTHBHH pacT

pa3Boj

jih m h o c th

(W o lb erg , 1967., 3 .)
t b e r o B a ,n;ecf)HHHUHja yKJbyMyje p e n n n o n y T cuM uuioM h iupeuiM aH , a n o T o i b a p a 3 p a ^ a o n p e t)e H > a n o T U ,p T aB a H>eHy Mep,Hii,HHCKy a p o M y . C ji h m h o o p ,p e t)eH >e. y KOMe j e j o m H 3 p a3 H T H je H a r ji a m e H a ja c H a n o f l e j i a y j i o r a H a o H o r a k o JieMH h o c o 6 y K o ja n a T H , H ao j e O paH K :

,,IlcH X O TepanH ja j e n Jia H H p a H a , eM oijnjaM a Ha-

6 n je H a , n o B e p jb H B a HHTepBeHijHja H3Mei)y o 6 y n e H o r ,
ApymTBeHO npH 3H aT or acijejiH T ejb a h o c o 6 e K oja naTH. T o k o m T o r o ^H o ca, H cu ,e jiH T ejb n o K y m a B a p a o c o 6 y y naTH>H o c j i o 6 o a h n o c p e jjc T B O M cHM 6 o jiH H K e KOMyHHKai^Hj e , npBeHCTBeHo p e n jy , ajiH noHeKafl h TeJieCHHM aKTHBHOCTHMa, 60JIH H CMeTH>H. H c ije J IH T e jb M O * e a h H e M o p a y K Jb y iiHTH, y H o je JiH T e jb C K e p H T y a jie , n ai^ n je H T O B e p o i j a K e h f l p y r e o c o 6 e . I I c h x o -

T e p a n n ja ,

T aK oije,

MecTO noApa3yM eBa

npyxaH > e

208

209

( Z in k e r , 1 9 7 7 .) , T e p a i m j a j e n p o n ,e c MeH>aH>a C B e cH o -

fla c e o h o m T o j e f l a r a - n p e flC T a B a n p o M e H e - M o ace aM nJiH(J)HKOBaTH , nojacHHTH, H aB ecT H fla h j i h fla c e yMHOJKaBa y f l p y r e n p e flC T a B e . A p y r o , h v j k h o c t H M a rH H a JiH o r c e o fl 3BaH>a

c th h

n o H a m a ib a .

Oh

flo n a je

c jie fle h e , n p oM eH a je

n p e o y c jiO B C B a K o r K p e a T H B H o r n p o u ,e c a . O cT aH H M O

3a T p eH yT aK y
re m T a J iT H C T a

hctom
B ece

A pym TB y. h flo fla je

riau,HjeHT flo J ia 3 H KOfl

fla

o flH o c n H a

T e p a n e y T a 3 aT O m T O * e J iH fla 6 y f le n p o M e H .e H , B ejiH H O K c a jm a ) T e o p n j a n p o M e H e n p o a t H M a B e h H H y

riepJicoB a ( n a p a H>e-

,,H e H 3 6 e * H o c T n p e f lc T a B a . n o m T o f ly m y T B o p e n p e f l C TaB e, K a o m T o H a c j e y n H o J y H r , o H fla c m o m h , K a o

6n h a

n c n x H H K o r,

cyuiTHHCKH

o flp e ^ e H H

H M arH H a-

roB or f l e j i a , h y T K a H a j e y n p a K c y r e m T a j i T T e x H H K a ( B e i s s e r u F e g a n e t a l, 1 9 7 2 ., 8 8 ) . 3 a K O H CTpyKTH BH CTy

IJ . K e j m j a n p o M e H a j e n H T a it e p e K O H C T p y K ^ n je . K a a c e cH CTeM KOHCTpyHcaH>a n o je flH H ija cy o H H c a

UiHjoM. H e n p e K H flH O M a u rra M O , yB eK c e K p e h e M o y H y T a p H e K e n p e flC T a B e h j i h 0flH rp a B a M 0 H eK y (J)aH T a-

3H jy. T p e h e , H y * H o c T n p e flC T a B a THH e c e 3 a x T e B a K o je

OHe n p e f l H a c n o c T a B J b a jy . n o XHJiMaHOBHM ( H illm a n , 1 9 8 3 .) p e H H M a , p e n j e o M o p a jm o M 3 a x T e B y n o KOMe H0B eK 0B0 J a H H je B H m e c e n m u T e M o p a jiH o c T H , Beh j e t o n p e flC T a B a . M o p a j iH o c T j e y n p e flc T a B H . C B a K a n p e flC T a B a h o c h M o p a ji y c e 6 n . J e f lH a n p e flC T a B a , a H e H e K a f l p y r a , 6p e M eH H T a c m h c jio m h 3H aneH >eM , ja B jb a m h c e h T p a a cH M oj oflro B o p H a H>y. I I o n y T a H tje j ia oea n p e flC T a B a c e n p o ja B J b y j e OBfle h c a fla , y n e h n M o je y x o fla j e n y j e , M o jy p y K y fla j e f lo i a p a , M o je c p u ,e fla OflTOBOpH. C B a T p n C B ojcT B a h v * h o c t h H M a rH H a jiH o r c a flp x a H a c y y n p efl T aB H n p o M e H e . A k o j e n p o M e H a (K a o n p e flC T a B a ) H y acH o cT , t o 3HaHH fla T e p a n n jc K H H an o p n , M eT O fle, HHJbeBH h 3aflau,H j e c y 3 ao fle H y T H y T y o c o 6e H y H fle jy / n p e flc T a B y . n c H X O T e p a n H ja n o H y3CHOCTH M o p a fla ( c e ) M e ib a , j e p ,,H e M o a c e 6h t h f l p y r a H H je . A j i h , m T a j e n p o M e H a ? K o j e yBOflH y T e p a n n j y ? C a K ojH M IJH JbeM ?
H c k o p h c th m o H a m e KJiHHHHKe p e(j)JieK C H je h

hobhm

5KHBOTHHM 3 6 HBaH>HMa, a H n aK HHje Ofl nO M O hH HJIH

HHje npHMeH>HB, n o T p e ^ H a je n p o M e H a . T aK oije, Kafla

H0 B 0 0 6 p a 3 0 BaHH K O H CTpyKTH H H cy y C K Jiafly c a c T a p n jH M , n p o M e H a

je H e o n x o flH a .

H e h y B a c BH U ie 3 a M a p a T H ca B p eM eH H M o f l p e i) e -

H>HMa n c H X O T e p a n n je y HaflH fla C T e, y n 0 H yt)eH 0 M

a c o p T H M 3 H y flecJjHHHi^Hja, HacJiyTHJiH n o 3 HTHBHe a c n e K T e n p o M e H e o K ojH M a ca M r o B o p H O y n p e T X 0 flH 0 M o f le j b K y . C a B p e M e H H T peH flO BH y T e p a n n jH h h o b o -

H a c T a jie m K O Jie T e p a n n j c K e n c H X O J io rn je cycTH5Ky c e

y je flH o j TaMKH: n c H X O T e p a n n jc K H o r h o c j e n oflC T H q y h n h c B p x o B H T c a B e 3 y KO M e c e K o p H C T e p a 3 HOJiHKe M e T O fle n cH X O J io m K e n p n p o f l e , c a ijH jb e M f la c e H 3 a-

3 0 B y u p o M e n e K o je K Jin jeH T a cejiH . U lT a H3 C B e r a 0B0r a

M O *;eM O c a 3 H aTH ? H j i h , H a K o jn HaMHH c e n p e flC T a B a n p o M e H e c a M a n o c e 6 n n o K a 3y je ? . I I p e f lC T a B a n p o M e H e HMa h c t o rH H a jiH o r ochobho c B o jc t b o K a o h c B e f l p y r e n p e f l c r a B e - h ^ s k h o c t HM a-

( H il m a n ) .

OHa

H H je

n o fla H H K

ija p c T B a

aM njiH (J)HK yjM O

n p e flC T a B y

npoM eH e.

Y k o jih k o

je

M o r y h e r , B e h u ,a p c T B a h ^ s k h o c t h , j e p n p a B H J io , K o j e

,,He M o a c e 6 h t h

A p y r a H H je . H y * H o c T H M a rH H ajiH o r j e n cH X 0 Ji0 m K 0

K a x e p,a T e p a n e y T p a flH c a o h h m m T O Heflo-

n p o M e H a s i n e qua n o n caB peM eH H X T e p a n n j a , t o 3HaHH fla j e OHa c e jb e H o C T a ib e . H y>KH a a c e j b a ( a c e j b a n o H y * flH ? ). H n j e B a ) H o k o acyflH 3 a n p o M eH O M - T e paneyT h jih

M y j e flaT O h je flH H o c a TH M e, n a K H aKO C M a T p a fla j e o h o H a n e M y f l e j i a M a ib K a B O , H e n o T n y H o h j i h BOJbH o; t o j e H yjK H o, a o h r a H e cM e T p a H c ^ o p M H c a T H y H e m T O f l p y r o , 6 h j i o THM e m r o h e r a o 6 jacH H T H , a co u ;H p aT H h j i h p e fly K O B a T H . Ilo flc e T H M O c e p eH H J I o n e 3 - n e f l p a i^ e : A p > k h c e n p e flC T a B e ! T o O B fle 3 H air a

KJinjeHT - yB eK je p e n o H e m n . m h-

m JbeH > y K o je j e p y K 0B 0^ e H 0 acejbO M . H e TaKO flaB H o,

C . <l)p o jfl H a c j e

HayHHO fla j e

CBaKO M H m jb e ib e , K o je j e

y c M e p a B a H o acejbO M , npHMapHH n p o i^ e c . H a npBH n o r a e f l , p e K JiH 6 h c m o fla H fle ja n p o M e n e flO Jia 3H H 3 J a . n p o M e H a K a o c a flp a c a j e o ulpuu-a. 3 a H K O J b n n a j e y

210

211

TOMe u i t o Ha to m nyTOBaH,y ( iupuu ), Ja He flp * H r h 3rHHe y cBojHM pyitaM a. Ja c|)aHTa3Hpa fla o h o p y k o b o a h n p o n e c o M npoM eH e. Y TOMe je cpac e lo uipuu-a. H apaBH O , Ja je Ha uipuu-y, ajiH He K ao BOflHH h jih Bot)a. B eh K ao HeKO k o je BoljeH. Ja je ycMepaBaHO HJiy30pH0M HflejoM fla je npeflCTaBa npoMeHe H>eroB BJiacTHTH H3yM. M a K o ja acejb a, a t o B a a a i h 3a acejby 3a MeH>aH>eM, flOJia3H H3 Hfla (dac Ec), H3 H ecBecHor. n p e M a O p o jfly , cBaKa n e a c a a h jih JKeJba np0H 3B0fl je (J)aHTa3Hje (npHM apHHx n p o ije c a MHuui>eH>a). H c n y H>eH>e acejba K pos c})aHTa3Hjy HfleHTHHHO je MexaHH3MHMa HacTaHKa CHOBa. MeTac|)opHHKH peneH O , y flySnHaM a 6 h jio K oje npoM eH e Hajia3H ce w e /b a 3 a n p o MeHOM. <J>aHTa3Hja npoM eH e. n p B O npeflCTaBa, noTOM p ra x is. n p B O c|)aHTa3Hja, 3 3 th m oflHrpaBaH>e. A k o je npoM eH a Hy*HO Hfleja / n p e flc ra B a Kojy, XTeJiH-HexTejiH MopaMO o flnrpaT H y HeKoj cBaKOflHeBHoj T ep an n jcK o j npaKCH, MopajiHH 3axTeB fla (ce) MeH>aMO, npeo6paacaB aM O , fla peKOHCTpyHineMO, He flOJia3H H3 Hac h jih naHHjeHaTa. T e p a n e y T H h naijHjeHTH cy yH yTap HCTe npeflCTaBe. n 0 T n y H 0 je CBejeflHO k o npBH n o K p e h e n H T a ite npoM eH e: o c o 6 a K oja naTH h jih OHaj k o naTH>y T p e 6 a fla o t k jio h h . C b 3 k h ynecHHK T e p a n n jc K o r n p o n e c a M opa fla O flnrpa Hflejy npoM eH e. O b o Hac BOflH cjiefleheM n p o 6 n e M y - ceHU,n caM e 4>HKu;Hje upoM eH e. Y k o jih k o HeuiTO H3BHpe H3 Hfla, t o 3H3HH fla j e c jie n o npHHu,Hna cnojbauiH >e p e a jih o c t h h /h jih Hafl-Ja. )Keji>a M opa 6 h t h HcnyH>eHa 6e3 o 6 3 H p a Ha o k o jih o c th . Hcnofl 6 h jio K o r eTHHKor, hcu,ejiHTejbCKor h jih BacnHTHor MOTHBa 3a T ep an n jo M K pnje ce , BpJio cHaacaH, c c h o b h t h acneK T *yflH>e 3 a npoMeHOM. B h jio K ojn pa3yMHH apryM eH T, KojHM onpaBflaBaMO T e p a n n j y n a fla n p e fl aceJbaM a K oje H 3B H py y HecBecHOM. Mh H e 3aroB apaM O npoM eH y 3apafl ycBajaH>a h o b h x K O H C T pyK aT a, HHflHBH flyau;Hje, caM oocTBapeH>a, yHyTapH>er p a c ra , yBehaH>a CBecHOCTH; HanpocT O , npoM eH y paflH caM e npoM eH e.

Y k o jih k o je H aui HHJb ocTBapeH>e c b c c th o n p o MeHH, ofl B ehe je k o p h c t h fla je pa3VMeMo K ao CBecT K oja noK yuiaB a fla ce H3MHpn h ycKJiaflH ca h c h h m i u t o je caKpHBeHo, MpaHHO h H enpnxB aheH o. O fl 6 aneHH napH>aK CBaKe npoM eH e je H eupoM eH jbueocui. H 3 n e p cneKTHBe KOjieKTHBHe CBecTH, K oja cTBapu nojiapn3yje, CBe u i t o j e 0 6 yxB aheH 0 p e n jy HenpoM eHjbHBo M opa 6 h t h o fl6 an eH o h noTHCHyTo. 3ajeflH HHa T paacn h , jo u i BHiue, 3axTeBa, npoM eH y. TepannjcKa n c u x o J io rn ja , a h u e jio flpyuiTBo, y flOMeHy (T ep an n jc K e) n p a K c e, CMaTpajy npoM eH y jeflHOM ofl HajBaacHHjnx nOJIHTHHKH KOpeKTHHX KpHJiaTHHa. Kopa4HHU,a ,,npoM eH e , n p e M a K ojoj ycK Jia^yjeM o CBoje napaflH e K opaK e, n o c T a je a v > k h o c t. JeflHOM Kafla cm o ce o6 aB e3ajiH fla heMO ocTBapHTH npoM eH y no cBaKy i;eHy, caM a npoM eH a je c a 3 p e jia fla n p e p a c T e y ayTOMaTH33M. Y k o jih k o x p a 6 p o M apuiyjeM o nofl 6apjaKOM npoM eH e, OHa n p e p a c T a y c jio raH h ayTOHOMHH kom njieKC. Y TaKBoj eKCTpeMHoj no3HHHjn, ry6nM O k o h TaKT c a 6 h jio KaKBOM c n o c o 6 H o u ih y pe<J)JieKCHje, a cBe u i t o cxBaT3Mo nofl npoMeHOM n o c T a je H enpo3H ph o , yflaJbaB ajyhn Hac ofl o c h o b h h x o6pa3ana CBaKOflHeBHe peajiHOcTH. O h o u i t o Hac Mo>Ke cnacHTH ofl n0H0BHHx h npHCHJiHHX CTpeMJbeiba Ka Men>aH>y je CBecT o ceHHH npoM eH e. n p o M e H a onajHHHKH T paacn pe(J)jieKCHjy. Y k o jih k o h h cm o y CTan>y fla np03H peM 0 (ncH xojiorH 3yjeM o) Hflejy npoM eH e, 3axTeB 3a MeH>aH>eM, n p e o 6 p ah e H y ayTOHOMHH KOMnjieKC, Har a a h e Hac fla r a noHaBJbaM o. rip o M e m i 3apad caMe upoM ene. JeflaH ofl BejiHKHX flonpH H oca ncH xojiorH jH n p o u u io r BeKa je T e o p n ja KOMnjieKca, H>eH T B opan K. T. Jy H r cM aTpa fla cBaKH KOMnjieKC, K ojn HHje ocB eiuheH h noflBprH yT npeHcnHTHBaH>y t o k h noHaBJbaH>y y XHnepTpocJ)HpaHOM h cBe CHaCHHjeM BHfly. Y k o jih k o acejiHMO fla 3ai;ejiHMO oBaj 036njbH H flecjjeKT n c n x o jio r n je h ncHXOTepanHje, MopaMO yHHTH ofl TaMHe, ceHOBHTe cTpaH e, ofl 0 H 0 r iu t o je o fl6 an eH o h noTHCHyTO, h pa3B nj aTH cBecT K oja h e y HH(J)epH0pH0M

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oT K pH B aT H n H T aH .e n iT a j e c e H K a n p o M e H e ?

JH ,a 6h x

y n yH H jeM H3 ^ aH ,y: C B e n p o j i a 3 H h H H U iT a H e T p a j e ,

o f l r o B o p n o H a t o nH TaH >e KopHCTHhy H e K e a p x e r a n -

cKe p e 4 )JieKCHje.

,,CBe c e K p eh e 6 p 3 HHOM p e K e . H >eM y c e u p H n n c y j e (IIJ ia T O H ) fla j e H a y K O B a o o ,, 6 p 3 0 M T O K y n p o M e H a

c b h x c T B a p n . n p e M a n jia T O H y h p y rH M xejieH C K H M cjjHJiococjDHMa, M eH e.

B. IIPOMEHA nCHXOTEPAnHJE
J5o o B o r M e c T a n p o 3 H p a H .e / n c H X 0 J i0 r H 3 0 BaH >e

JejiHHH K o p n c T e

u o K p e u i h Kpeiucihbe j e c y o 6 j i h h h n p o H CTy p e n kin esis (K ivr)ai<;) 3 a H acuiajaw a

c n o M e H y T e H3 p a 3 e ( n p o M e H a , K p eT aH > e, n o K p e T ) , h t o H a c y n y h y j e Ha H fle jy ^ a j e n p o M e H a C T B a p
h

Hfleje n p o M e H e T H u a u o c e n n T a i i a , , l I l T a ? , o a c a ^ a H a ^ a J B e uiiUa h e c e p a 3 Jio a c H T H y , , K o ? . K o c e o a h o c h H a a p x e T H n c K H jih k K o j n j e y c p n y KOMnJieKca n p o M e H e . P a c T B a p a j y h n u u T ia y k o , c jie ^ H M O c th ji n o c T a B J ta ita n H T aH > a K o j h j e K opH iuheH y ^ p e B H a B p e M e H a , y n p o p o H H iH T H M a JHejic^a h JI,0 fl0 He. K o M e 6 o r y h jih
x e p o jy M o p a M j j a c e n o M O JiH M , K O M e f l a n p H H e c e M )K p T B y j j a 6 h x o c T B a p n o T a j

uocuiajahba. H a c r a ja ib e M o a c e

n p e flC T a B J b a T H n p o i u t o je

H e c n p c j i a * e i b a H3 M o r y h e r y a K T y e jiH o ; n p H M ep H H e , K a ^ a H e K a o c o 6 a H anoK O H A jih h 0 6 paTH 0 ,

uociuaH e o ^ p a c j ia ,

y B e K 6 h j i o caM O je ^ H a M o r y h H o c T ^ o k j e 6 n Jia ^ e T e .

H acT ajaibe j e n p o n e c K ojn H^e o jj

a K T y e jiH o r K a M o r y h e M ; peu;H M o, K a fla c e H 3 o c T B a p e H e 3 p e j i o c T H uadcube n o H H V n o M a j b a T H M 0 r y h H 0 C T H fla jb e r p acT a. AaKJie, n p o M e H a je HacTajaH>e ( n o c T a ja ib e ), a u iT a M y j e c y n p o r a o c T ? H a p a B H O , 6 u h e h 6 H B C T B O B aH > e .

h T a j H a y M ? . Je^ H O M K a jja OTKpnjeMO H a je M x p T B e H H K y n H T a H .e n p H n a f l a , 3Hah e M O 6 o j t e K o jo M h e M o c T a 3 0 M.

3acTaH H M O 3 a T peH , H e 6h jih n p o if c y n iK a jiH n o peM HHHHM a h oT K pH JiH u iT a j e T a M o H a n H caH O n o ji

oflpeflH H H O M - n p o M e H a . B h j i o K ao H M eH H n a, h j i h r j i a -

t o j i , n p o M e H a j e : HOBHHa, H O B O T ap n ja, H 3M eH a, M yT a n n j a , h o b o c t , o 6pT aH > e, p eB O Jiy H H ja, T p aH 3 H H H ja, n p e H H a n e i i e , n p e o 6jiHKOBaH>e, n p e T B a p a H > e , M eH a,

B apnjaH T a, 4>JiyKTyai;Hja, n p e M e u iT a H > e , 3aM en>H B aH>e, y H o iu eH > e pa3H O JiH K O cTH . U lT a , c a A p y r e c T p a H e , n p e A C T a B Jta aHTOHHM e n p o M e H H : n o c T o ja H o c T , C T aji-

h o c t , T p a jH o c T , H enpoM eH JbH B O C T , H e n 0K 0J i e 6jb H b o c t , o h o h i t o j e y T B p t)e H o , v iiB p m h e H O , i h t o j e CHBpc H y T o . c p e t) e H o , npaB H JiH O , peflO BH O , p e r y j ia p H O , H en p o M eH ib H B O , m hhho, T p ajH O .

YcnopHMo H aiue K peT aibe, 3aflpacHMo ce y ApeBHoj X ejiaflH . C e r a T e ce, Ty cmo flouura ^a 6hcmo npoHauiJra oflroBapajyhH acpTBeHHK h npopoHHiHTe. KoMe heMo ce o 6 p a ra ra , o fl Kora 3 a n c K a ra npopoHaHCTBO? CBaKaKo ofl oHora Kojn je b ch h to MJia^, CBe*:, yBeK Ha noneTKy, y HacTajaH>y, BaBeK hob, k o jh ce 6p3o K p eh e, Hjje cyBHiue ^ajieKO. noTpaacHMO OHora Kojn je e e m iu io HaciuajciH,e. H acjiyhyjeTe, pen je o P u e r aeternus-u, nepcoHHcf)HKaHHjH npoMeHe, apxerancK O M jih k v h jih MeTacjaopH KopeHa, Koja o6jiHKyje H a rn a pa3MHUiJbaH>a h ^o:>KHBJbaBaiba npoMeHe. IIlTaBHUie, P u er ynpaB Jba H auiH M TepannjcK HM

cTaJiHO,

ycT ajbeH O ,
HeM eHJbHBO,

y p e jjH o ,

H en o -

^eJiaTHOcTHMa Koje ce ra n y npoM eH e.

H enoK peT H O ,

nepM aH eH T H o,

Oh

je

H e x a ja H

npeM a

H C T o p n jH ,

n p o u u io c ra ,

npeT xoA H H M ncK ycT B H M a; H e c T a p n h H e n p o n a /ja .

IIy H o o fl o B e r p a t ) e , K o ja c e THH e n p o M e H e h
H >eH or c y n a p H H K a , M o aceM o H a h n y cJjparM eH T H M a n p a o n a a p x e T H n c K e n c H x o J io r n je . H a p a B H O , m h c jih m

je B e H H T o H a c T a j a i b e Bnhe. E H B C T B O B a ib e
H e jb e H o c T

K o j e c e H H K a jj a H e o c T B a p y j e j e o rp a H H H e H O H a c T a ja ib e M .

y 3 a ja M H O

H a X e p a K J iH T a , K o jn HaM j e , n o 0H0M e u iT a H 3B eiu T a B a jy K p a T H Ji, n jia T O H h j i h A p H c T o T e ji, 3 a B e u iT a o cjiaB H e H fle je o n p o M e H H : ,,CBe T e n e ( T t a v t a p s i ) h j i h

C T a ja ib a , c a a c e T O n o ja iu ib a B a

orpaHHHaBaibe Bnha h Xajjjerep: O ho u i t o

y

Oh Kao CyHano-

c T a je , j o u i H H je .
T pe6H o fl,a

O homc u i t o je c T e , H n j e n o c T a H e . O ho i h t o j e c T e " ,

B H iu e n o npaB O M

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CMHCJiy, o f l y n n p e c e , h c t o t b k o , C BaK oj H aB aJiH n o C T o ja H ,a " ( X a j f l e r e p , 1997., 89 .) P u e r j e H a n p o c T O , 6 o r B eM H T or K p e T a i i a , o jiH iie H .e 6 p 3 o r TOK a n p o M e H e c b h x CTBapH . 0 jiH H 0 T B 0 p y je 6 o x a H C K y H CK py c B a K o r c r a B a h KOMnjieKca h Ta s c i n ti ll a j e H 3B opH H AHHaMCKH 3 a M e T a K fly x a . B c h h t h M J ia ^ n h HaM o M o r y h a B a H a j 6 p * H h H a jH e n o c p e flH H jH c y c p e T c a y x o M . H a m a n o T p e 6 a fla ( c e ) MeH>aMO, o fly x o B Ji> eH a j e H>eroBHM f le J ia itH M a . K o h e M y TaKBOM 0 fl0 JieT H ?

ckhm

re o M e T p n jc K H M

H HCTpyM eHTHM a

(Seznec,

1 972.). A y H aniH M HHflHBHflya j ih h m fly m a M a , M o * e M o

OTKpHTH HCTy ceH eK C 0B CK y o n a p a H o c T n o p e T K O M H M e p e ite M . K a f la y aH ajiH 3H a c e jiH M o ROBecTH y p e fl n a n H je H T O B e K O M n JieK ce, c a o 6 p a 3 H o OHOMe u iT a n o T e o p n jH KOMnJieKCH j e c y , m h n p H 3 H B aM o ceHeKca. Y H au iH M H a n o p H M a fla flO B efleM o BJiacTH TH j k h b o t y p e f l, C T p e M jb eib H M a fla n o B y i ie M o r p a H H ije H 3M ei>y c e -

6 e h f l p y r n x , T e jia h y M a , C B e c H o r h H e c B e c H o r, H ac jiy h y je M O fla c e y M e iu a o . H a n p o c T O , K p o H - C a T y p H j e n p H H H H n c T p y K T y p e , B n h a , p e ry jia p H O C T H , n o p e T K a , K O H T p o jie h M ejiaH X O Jiu je. rpM K H m h t y n y h y je H a H 3B opH H h h c k o h c k h a c n e K T C e H e K c a K ao KpoHa: o flH o c o iu a u ,-c u H . n p e M a X e c H O fly , Ka3Ka

HnaK, Kao a HaM je HeniTO npoMaKJio. H hcmo jih KpeHyjiH y noTepy 3a ceHKOM npoMeHe? lIlTa hhhh Ty ceHOBHTy CTpaHy npoMeHe, Tpe6a npeHHaMHTH y K o je uio? HeMaMO BpeMeHa h h fla ce 3aMHCJiHMO Hafl nHTaH>eM, 6jiara BecT ce opH, OHaj 6p3u XHTa, h KJiHKhyhn HaMehe HaM cBoj o p ,ro B o p : ,,Senex je Moj HenpnjaTeji>!. OBanJioheH y KpoHy h CaTypHy, Senex je apxeTn n Kojn H3paxaBa cBe u ito je xJiap,Ho, nponncaHO, c p e tje H O , ypei)eHO, ycTaHOBJteHO. Itero B a xJiaflHoha HHje caMO npTa TeMnepaMeHTa, t o je h xnadna pea/iHocui, CTB apn OHaKBe KaKBe jecy, cyBH nojT,au,H, HHCTa, HenpoMeHJtHBa h cyBonapHa (JjaKTa. Kao BJiaflap H ajA O H > er cBeTa, KpoH niefla Ha cbct ofl cnojta, H3 xjianHHX ay6HHa h flajbHHa, h Kpo3 H>eroBe norJiej],e OTKpHBa ce cTpyKTypa cTBapn. TaKO ceHeKCOBH norjienH o6jiHKyjy ancTpaKTHy apxHTeKTOHHKy h aHaTOMHjy floraijaja h 3 a i u i e T a , npeTnocTaBjbajyhH n p H H HHne 4>opMe h flHCTaHHe HanejiHMa oflH oca, Be3a hjih npoTOKa h pa3MeHe ocehanba.
A n c T p a K H H ja h c T p y K T y p a 3 a c e n a j y j o r n A y 6 jb e ,

,,JiyKaBOM

KpoHy

c e p a3 B H ja K p o 3

TpH C T y n ib a . Y npB O M , O T a n Y paH c n p e M a B a pai)aH>e cB oje f l e n e , cKpHBajyhn h x y fly 6 HHH MajMHHe ( 3e M J b e ) y T p o 6 e. H ajM Jiai)er CHHa KpoHa, K ojn je n o caM OM
p a i)a H > y ,,3 a M p 3 a o

nJioflHor

o n a , o n p e M H M ajK a T e a

ouiTpo3y6H M cpnoM K o jn M OBaj yuiK onH h y 6 n ou;a. noTO M ou,ey 6 nHa o c jio 6 oflH c e 6 e h cBojy THTaHCKy 6 p a h y h cecT p e H3 MajMHHe y T p o 6 e . Ha flpyroM c T y n H>y, X e c H O fl r a oSeBa K ao Oua 6 o ro B a , KojH o n o M e H y T
poflH T ejbC K H M npopoM aH C T B O M fla h e r a caB JiaflaT H p o ije H H c h h , y c T p a x y o fl r y 6 HTKa K p ajb eB C K e n a c T H K o jy H M a rn e M et) 6 ecM pTH H M 6 o ro B H M a , n p o r y T a caB

ceneKC

je

npH H H H n oh

nopeT K a.

Jorn y

nnaT O H O B H M yH H B ep3yM a. C B eM y

3aKOHHMa (3aKOHH, 4, 713b - 14 a ) HaHJia3HMO Ha

H f le jy A a j e X ecH 030B hckohckh y n p a B H T e jb

CBoj n o p o fl. H an o cjieT K y , Ha TpeheM cTynH>y, npBH K pajb 6o r o B a , Y p a H H fl, floacHBe oMeBy cy fl 6 HHy. 3Keh h h o h MajHHHo JiyKaBCTBO h x p a 6 p o c T H ajM Jiat)er CHHa 3 e B c a yHHHHiue fla o c T a f le 6 e 3 B Jiafla p cK o r T p o H a h M o h n . n p o r a a H j e H a K p a j C B eT a, H a o c T p B o 6 jiaaceHHX, rfle h e floflyuie B JiaflaT H K a o K p a jb h 6 o r c p e h H o r 3 jia T H o r flo 6 a , a jiH h c jiy * H T H K a o o n o M e H a

KpoH H a

n o i ie T K y C B e r a

ynpaBJbame

n o c T o je h e M . O h n p y * a H 3BopH H ( ap x eT H n c K H ) n o p e 3 a K , yM ( v o < ; ) , CBoj H fle aJiH H o 6 j i h k , T e M e j b e , n p H H H H iie h aK C H O M e H a K o jH M a c e T e M e jb H flp > K aB a .

6 o ro B H M a h JbyflH M a, u r r a OKOMe H a c B o j n o p o f l .

6 HBa c a oH H M a k o j'h c e

y MaiHTH JbyflH C p e fltb e r BeKa h PeHecaHce, npe^cTaBJbeH je Kao BejiHKH reoMeTap, ca acTpoHOM-

n p n n o B e c T o K p o H y /C e H e K c y 3a o fle H y T a y m h tCKe npeflCTaBe, r o B o p n Ha HeynopeflHBO y 6 eflJbHBHjH H3MHH HO IUTO TO MHHH anC T paK T H H je3H K cjDHJIOc o tf)H je o cyuiTHHCKoj flHHaMHHH 6 n h a / 6 HBCTBOBaH>a

216

217

n HacTajaffea / nocTajaH>a. CTapo patja hobo, cTBapa Puera. Bnhe nopa^a HacTajaH>e. HenpoMeHJbHBO np0H3B0flH npoMeHy. flpouec ce HHKafla He oflBHja Ha MHpaH HaHHH; ceHeKC cBecT y n p e o 6 p a x a BaH>y Hacjiyhyje npeTH>y h cMpray onacHocr Ha niTa o flro B a p a ryTaH>eM cBaKor hobot noTOMKa. H o B e , peBOJiyB(HOHapHe CHJie onnpy ce peaKiproHapHOM h KOH3epBaTHBHOM; y 6ecKOMnpoMHCHoj 6op6H je^aH Mopa nonycTHTH hjih yMpeTH fla 6h Apyrn npey3eo cBy BJiaCT. ncHXOJioiHKH peneHo, 6hjio Koja H^eja npoMeHe HaTonjbeHa je cmpthom acejbOM h BOjbOM 3a Moh. JenaH Mopa y6HTH, a a 6h npoMeHHO - ce6e, flpyre, HHje BaacHo uiTa. 3 6 o r npoMeHe Bajba y6HTH. Peli je o npapoflHTeJbcKOM rpexy, o KOMe roBope pejinrnja h e r 3HCTeHi^HjajiHCTHHKa 4)HJioco(|)Hja. CBaKa npoMeHa Mopa npohH Kpo3 HCKymeH>e yMHpaH>a h y6ajaH>a. y MHTy, noflcehaM, BpeMe HHje JiHHeapHo Hero noHObhbo, Kpy>KHo, Te cetiKci npoMeHa, no hv>khocth, Mopa 6 h th y6HBeHa aa 6h Apyra 3acejia Ha npecTO. Hnje BaatHo ko vboah naejy npoMeHe y TepanHjcKH T eMeHoc - TepaneyT hjih naipijeHT - HeKo y6njaibe HyacHo Mopa jja ce oflHrpa. He jeflHOM, Beh Henpekhrho, CTaJiHO. Jom BHiue, TepannjcKa cj)HKipija npoMeHe, onceflHyTa Mohn h y6HjaH>eM, Mopa fla ycMpTH cBaKy nojaBy Koja joj ce yMHHH ycTOJiHlieHOM, yTeMeJbeHOM, ycB0jeH0M, npHXBaheHOM, 03aK0H>eH0M hjih nponncaHOM 3a HopMy. OTVfla HHje nyji,HO h ito caMa ncHXOTepanHja y6nja ce6e (ceTHMO ce, KpoH je MejiaHxoJiHK h oflroBopaH 3a caMoy6HCTBo) hjih HeKy Apyry TepanHjy. Bop6a KpoHa/ Senex-a h 3 e B c a / Puer-a, ogHrpaBa ce y ncHxoTepanHjH, Ha TeopnjcKOM h npaKTHMHOM nJiaHy. CBaKa ,,oc{)HHnjejiHa Tepannja Mopa 6 h th CBprHyTa fla 6h ce ycTOJTHMHJia HOBa. 4>pojfl (als Senex) je BHine nyTa najjao y HecBecT y JyHr0B0M (als Puer) npHcycTBy, HapoHHTO aKo 6h ,,npecT0Ji0HacjieflHHK roBopno o cMpra, y6HjaH>y, o MOHomeucuiuHKim BJiajjapHMa Kojn cy CKOHnaJiH x h b o t y HenonycTJbHBoj 6op6n npoTHB uonuuieu3M a. 218

3a BecHHKe h o b h x TepannjcKHX n p a B a u a , CTapH (H3aH^ajiH, OKoiUTaJiH, noT pom eH H ) cy ojiHMeibe m oh n K oja je y c jiy * 6 H n c H x o jio u iK o r h jih c o u j i j a j i H o r noflMHH>aBaH>a, Te 3aTo h x T p e 6 a c k p u ih th . H aK HaKO c e npeTH>a He yoMaBa y cynapHHMKHM uiKOJiaMa Tep a n n j e , H e u iT o K0H3e p B a r a B H 0 h e HaM 3a M H p n c a T H y BJiacTHTOM T a 6 o p y . 06pH H M o - oKpeHHMo, T e p a n n ja c e y p y m aB a H3HyTpa h jih cnojba. Hcxoa CBaKe Tep an H je je cMpT H>e caMe. MoaceMO jih t o cnpeM H ra? yo6H M ajeH a TaKTHKa je cBajbHBaibe KpHBHu;e Ha f lp y ro ra . o B o ra nyT a Ha C eH eK ca. O h je ceHKa Puer-a. B peM euiH a cTapHHa neT Jba c e tb m o tj\q My HHje MecTo, o h je oflroB opaH 3a HenoMHHCTBa h n p jb aB y p a 6 o T y K ojy Ha3HB3Mo TepaneyT O B a KOHTpaTpaHc ^ e p H a peaK i^nja Ha Hflejy npoM eH e. CeHeKC je *pTBeHH ja p a ii, ^H jarH 03a Kojy npH nncyjeM O / n p o nHcyjeMO CBeMy h CBaKOMe K ojn je y O Tnopy npeM a npOMeHH. C n o p , Te)KaK, xpoHHMaH, ojioBaH: t o cy H>eroBH KBaJiHTeTH K ojn cTB apajy Te>KHHy. C eH eK coB a CBecT je npoM H uiJbajyha; oflM epaBa cTBapn, caM a h o c h T epeT K ojn je m hhh jo rn cn o p n jo M , H>eHy nepcneK TH By HecaBpuieHOM, HieyBpeMeH>eHOM h npopoMKOM, cyBOnapHOM H neCHMHCTHMKOM. CaTypHOBa TOKHHa Mp3He, 3ryuiH>aBa h 3 rp y m aB a cTBapn h oT y^a je o h o jih u,oTBopeH>e coagulatio n p o u ,e ca y aJixeMHjH. K o a ry jia u,nja m hhh Aa ce cTBapH c n a ja jy , Hpce Ha OKyny, cT an ajy , n o cT a jy MBpcTe h nocT ojaH e, ajiH HHiHTa MaH>e H enpo3paM H e h H enoKpeTHe. HeraTHBHH ceHeKc o b h cTaBOBH h n o H a u ia ib e y KJinjeHTy h jih T ep an ey T y - pnrHflH ocT, o r a o p npeM a MeH>aH>y, n p n r a c a K fla ce ocTaH e h c t h , 6HBCTBOBaibe HaMecTO H acT ajaiba, c|)hkcauH ja HaMecTo npeo6pa> K aja - noji,pHBajy nyepHJiHe aKi;Hje o h h x y TepannjcKOM n p o c T o p y . A jih , p,a jih y CBeMy OBOMe 3ancT a cBa o ^roB opH ocT Moace 6 h t h npHHHcaHa HeraTHBHOM ceH eK cy?
AHTaroHH3aM HeraTHBHor CeHeKca h ,,n o 3HTHBHor Puera je npnpoflHa CTBap. npeMa peHecaHchom m h c jih o ijv MapcHJinjy OnhHHy ,,nyHo CaTyph o b h x cTBapH...je oTpoB 3a flyx - H>eroB npnpoflHH

219

H e n p n ja T e jb 11 ( F i c i n o , 1994., 118). I I o i i i t o
r o B o p n o n Jia H e T a M a / 6 o ro B H M a , h i t o

O nhH H o

H H je H H H iT a

A p y r o jj,o y n o T p e 6 a n o H e T H H X T e p M H H a 3 a H a M a Ha je cyK o6 h > h x A B o jn u ,e a p x e T H n c K H x

noHe-

3H aT e T exH H H K e H 3 p a 3 e (a p x e T H n o B H ), M o * e M o p e h n

cpa3M epa.

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raT H B H o r

n p o 6 jie M , o j i h h c h 6 o p 6 o M

Senex-a H n o 3 H T H B H o r Puer-a, H 3 B H p e H 3 c y iHTHHCKor pacijena H 3 M e i)y CTapor h h o b o t ynym ap j e f l H o r T e HCTor a p x e T H n a . H e r a T H B H H cT aB O B H h noH a m a i t e c e H e K c a , H > e ro B a K O H 3 e p B a T H B H a , n e c H M H cT H H K a h p n rH A H a C B e cT , H c x o p ;e H 3

pacu;enjbeHor

apxeT H na, a

He

H3 H > e r o B o r H e r a T H B H o r K a p a K T e p a .

T jie f la M o j i h H a P u e r a K a o H a 4 > n r y p y K o ja j e y npB O M n J i a H y , B H fle h e M O f la j e B e 3 a H 3 a

no3aflHHy, 3 a c e H e K c a . IJpoMeHa (u)ocuiaje upoMena, a ue u,enu Gestalt. n y e H e yM H T H H n p e o 6 p a > K a j

BeHHTO M e n > a jy h e c fja H T a sH je . P u e r o v a (f)eH 0M eH 0Ji 0 r n j a j e y T K a H a y 3anaA H >aH K e n cH X O Jio u iK e T e o p n j e K o je n o H H B a jy H a M O flejiy k o j h M a ib e h j i h B H iu e , TBpflH ^ a j e flHH aM H Ka A y u ie H3BeACHa H3 n p o M e H a , T p a H 3 H i p j a , caM O H 3pacT aH > a, p a 3 B o ja , n p e o 6 p a x e H > a h c ji. C a M a n c H x o jio r H j a n o c T a j e H > ero B a c p T B a, h t o H e c a M o y c b o m T e p a n u jc K O M c T p e M Jb e n > y K a p a 3B o jy , h o y H e n e M y u i t o j e ocH O B H H je: A yx n c H X O J io r a je j e 060 r a j b e H (J)aH T a3 H jaM a n o c T a j a i b a , O T K p H B aib a j o u i HepeajiH30BaHHX n o T e H U H ja Jia . c a M o n p e B a 3 H Jia a c e H > a ( H f le a jia ) h reH eTH H K O M c ])h k ijh ]o m y c T p o jc T B a h y o 6jiH H aB aH >a n c n x e . A y x o B H a n p H p o f la h u,HJbeBH n c H X O J io n ije H H K afla c e H e h e ^ o K p a ja y o 6 jiHHHTH, j e p j e peaJiHOCT P u e r a in status nascendi, yB eK y BeHHTOM H acT ajaH > y .

p y j e H e o n x o f la H C e H e K c , 6 e 3 H > e ra H e M o a c e H 3 6 e h n

Kpo3 e H a H T H o ,[jp o M H jy :

o h caM

h e n p o M e H H T H J a H y c 0 B 0 J in u ,e . M 3 M e t) y h > h x f l B o j n i j e H e M a cy iH T H H C K e p a 3 J iH K e ; H e ra T H B H H n y e p h H e r a -

H e TaK O flaB H o , JyHr H a c j e y n o 3o p n o fla ncnx o J io rn ja yB eK o flp a a c a B a H a u ie ncnxHHKO c T a ib e ( b h flH y Jung, C W 8 , n a p a . 2 2 3 ). n c H X O J io r n ja K oja y cB eM y BHflH P u era j e T B p flib a o a y u iH n c n x o j i o r a , a jiH H e h
TBpflH>a 3acH O B aH a H a e M n H p n jc k h m n o K a 3 a T e J b H M a . H a u ie H fle je h cf)HKu,Hje o flyuiH o c T a B J b a jy 6 e j i e r Ha H>oj. n c H x o jio u n c e npeflCTaBe h Hfleje M o r y 6 h t h H cu e jiH T e Jb C K e h , HHU iTa M an>e, O T p o B H e h y 6 n c T B e H e . 3Hanaj ncHXOJiouiKHX H fle ja o r j i e f l a ce h y TOM e i u t o ro B o p e fly u iH o H>oj c a M o j, OHe c y o r j i e f l a j i o y KOMe c e p e c j)Jie K T y jy H>eHa 36H BaH >a. J y H r , c a M a jio p e H H , c a * H M a c y u iT H H y n p o 6jie M a : , , n c H x o j i o r H j a c e HyacHO C T a n a c a caM H M h c h x h h k h m n p o ije c H M a (Ju n g , C W 8 ., 1968, n a p a 4 2 9 ), a nouiTO ncHXHUKH n p o ij e c H H H cy CTaTHHHH, yB eK h e c T B a p a r a HOBe n c H x o jio u i K e n o rjie ^ e h y n eH > a. n c H x o J i o r u j a y T e M e jb e H a H a P u eru y BeHHTOM j e H acT ajaH > y , o f l u r p a B a (act-out) BJiacTHTy a flO Jie c q e H T H y n p o 6 jieM aT H K y . H a H 3 r j i e g XHTpH, ro p jb H B H , 6 p 3 H h H ecT p n jb H B H P uer, K ojH O JIH H aB a

t h b h h c e H e K c c e je flH H o p a 3 JiH K y jy n o 6 h o j i o h i k o m
y3pacT y.

n y e p h C e H e K c T B o p e flB o rjia B H a p x e T H n K o jn j e CyHITHHCKH n 0 J ia p H 3 0 B a H H, H CTO BpeM eH O , HejTOBHT, n o p e f l CBe c B o je c y r y 6 o cT H .

HeMa

p u e ra

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ceH eK ca,

h h t h ceH eK ca 6e3 p u e r a ; o h h c y ^ B e C T p aH e H C T or H O B H H ha, HeH36e>KHO y n y h e H H j e ^ a H H a A p y r o r a . O T y fla y ap x eT H n o JiO H iK O M n p o y H a B a H > y y H H B e p 3 a JiH ja , p a 3M aT paM O h x y H y T a p h > h x o b c B eH H T e n o jia p H o c T H h y n y h e H o c T H je jja H H a o p y r o r a . O h h o f l r o B a p a j y M JiaA aJiaH KO M , H en p o M H iH Jte H O M h 6 e 3 o 6 3 H p H O M n o p H B y

3a

n p o M eH O M h ,

ca

f l p y r e c T p a H e , c n o p o c T H , 6 o Jie c T H ,

o r p a H H H e itH M a K o je c a c o 6 o m h o c h C T a p o c T , K a o h O T n o p 6 h j i o KaKBOM MeH>aH>y. ro p jb H B H n p o 6 jie M Puera j e HHH>eHHL(a # a H H je C B ecT aH n o c T o j a i b a c b o t n a p i b a K a C e H e K c a ; CBoj f l p y r n n o j i n p o je K T y je y c n o jb H H c b c t , H a j n e i u h e y n o K y u i a j y fla o 6 e 3 B p e /i,H h n o H H u iT H o h o u i t o H e n p n n a ^ a H>eroBOM B p eM e H y h T e M n y . n p o T H B H c e cB eM y u i t o c e H e M O * e c a o 6 p a 3 H T H h o b h h h i b e r o B e

npoM eH y, je , y n cT H H y , H eB O JbaH fla c e npoM eHH, ^ a n o p a c T e h c a 3p H . I t e r o B a HHflHBHflyaij(Hja HHje y crajiHOM p a c T y ( u i t o b o j j h caM o y H H iu T eH > y ), H e r o y T p a ra H > y 3a o h h m K ojn h e M y noHVflHTH o K p n j b e h p e (|)jie K C H jy . O jm e n j b e H ofl Senex-a, o h j e H3 r y 6 n o c n o c o 6 HocT a a o h h h c k h 6 p H H e o c e 6H, n a c e c K p a c n h

220

221

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JJa jih j e M o r y h e 3aijejiHTH p a c i j e n apxeT H na,

H3MHpHTH P u e r a h C e H e K c a ? O b o n p n 6 jiH>KaBaH>e c y n p o T H o c T H , K o je ijH Jb a H a n c u e j b e i t e HCKOHCKor p a c i j e n a , n p e flC T a B Jb a o c h o b h h 3 a fla T a K a H a jiH 3e , T e H C T p aaaiB aH > a npnpoRe uenatba h yA BajaH>a h h>hx o b h x H3JieMeH>a M O *e fla H3MeHH H a m e n p e flC T a B e n p o M e H e . 3 a T o j e H a m 3 a g a T a K g a O T K pnjeM O n c n XHMKe B e 3 e H 3 M ei)y P u e r a h C e H e K c a , H 3M e t)y n p o M eH Jb H B o r h H e n p o M e H J b H B o r, M J ia ^ o r h c T a p o r , n o K peT jbH B O cT H h c T a jiH O c , M e ib a ib a h H e M e ib a ib a . y c y n p 0TH 0M, H e n c H X 0 Ji0 rH 3 0 B a H H o a h o c OBe f lB o jm je M o a c e ji,ecTpyKTHBHO fleJiO B aTH H a 6 yp,yhHocT n c n x o T e p a n n je . n o jia p H O C T H - p u e r h ceH eK C - n p e g c T a B J b a jv a p x e T H n c K O 3 a ji e i) e n c H x o jio m K H X o cH O B a n p o 6 j i e M a n p o M e H e . H o OBOMe j o m H em T O H e g o c T a je -

OflCyCTBa HHTpOCneKTHBHOCTH; M3H>3K nCHXHMKe p e 4>jieK CH je BOflH ra cB e f l a j t e o fl o m h h c k o t ceHeKca h 6aija y 3 a r p J t a j M ajK e . Oho y MeMy c m o o f l p e t ) y j e u iT a h e M o h K a K o h eM O r a e f la T H , a K a # a c m o H a T o n JiH M , MeKHM h c o m h h m MajMHHHM rp y flH M a , H a r n a CBecT j e o 6 jiH K O B aH a a p x e T H n o M M a jK e, c b h cjjeHOM eHH Puera H3rjienajy H3ByMeHHM H3 KOMnjieKca M a jK e , a h caM H arn Jio ro c f l e ji y je K a o # a j e y T e M e jte H H a M a T (e )p H t(H H ecB ecH o r. Puerova H H flH B H flyai;H ja c e o c T B a p y je K p o 3 OMHHCKor ceHeKca, a H e K p o 3 M ajK y. Y 3 H>y o h o c T a je BeMHTH fleM KHh. Y k o j ih k o

cy

eK C T peM H e 6 p 3 H H e f l e o

H > eroB e

n p n p o f l e , H e cM eM O CKHHyTH c y M a t o fla h e c B e H 3 p a >KeHHja y 6 p 3 a n > a H > ero B e c b c c t h 6 h t h o 6 y 3 f la H a c n o pom hy

Senex-a.

C e H e K c y c n o p a B a H > ero B o TpMaH>e.

Y m P u e r a H cyB H H ie 6 p 3 0 p a n n , T e j e H e x a ja H

npeMa

tertium

non est datur.

n o T p e 6aH j e T p e h n MHHHJiaij, H en iT O

rpaB H Tai^H O H H M cH JiaM a K o je a c e j ie g a r a v c n o p e h

n o B e > K y c a a p x e T H n o B H M a MHjn j e T e M n o 3 p y ra M H jn o ^

H > e ro B o r. H a m T a M an>e H H je o ceT Jb H B H a i j e H T p n n e T a jiH a f l e j i a i t a c e H e K c a K ojH * e j i H jj a r a n p H 3 e M H h j i h ,

i h t o h e C T ajaT H n o c p e g c b h x o 6jiH K a c y n p 0TH 0CTH, a t o j e dyma. O H a j e y B eK n o c T o ja J i a H a n o j i a n y T a H3Met>y H e 6a h n a K j i a , A y x a h T e j i a , c n o j b a m i b e r h y H y T p a m H > e r, H H p,H BH p,yajiH or h K O JieK T H B H or. J ] ,y m a A P ch cy n p o T H o fcT H y x ap M O H H jn . M ejiaH XO JiHM H H yM p e H e c a H C H o r nC H X O Jiora M. O n h m i a n o j a m i b a B a V C K Jiat)y jy h y h n o c p e f l y j y h y y j i o r y f ly m e H a c j i e f l e h n HaMHH: K a f l a 6 h y CBeTy n o c T o ja J iH c a M O p a 3yM h T e j i o , a H e h f l y m a , p a 3 y M H e 6h 6 h o yByM eH y T e j i o ( j e p j e o h n o T n y H o H e n o K p e T a H , M a ib K a nopH B O M 3a K p e T3H>eM, K a o fla j e H a jy fla jb e H H jn T e ji y ) , h h t h 6h T e J io

6apeM, H 3H ypH Oho m T O

H >eroB O n p n c H JiH O M axaH >e

KpHJiHMa.

HeKOM K O M n jieK cy f l a je cH JiH Hy, c H a r y ,

m T O r a H aro H H fta c e o c T B a p H , m T O m h h h fla c e n c y BHine 6 p 3 0 K p e h e , H cy B H m e f la n e K o fla c T p eM H , H3B H p e H3 Puera. KberoBa M e p a j e H eyM epeH O C T . A p x e T H n cK y n o f l J io r y H e y M e p e H o c T H h H eorpaH H M eH > a H aJ ia 3HMO y y x y , 3 a K o r a j e c b c t n p e T e c a H h n p e M a J iH , H e c n p e M a H g a o f l r o B o p n H a H > eroB e 3 a x T e B e h n o p H B 3a MeH>aH>eM. H e ra T H B H H Puer j e x H n e p aK T H B aH ; CBe H p T e H > ero B a K a p a K T e p a c y n p e H a r j i a m e H e h M aT ep n ja jiH 3 0 B a H e ,

6h j i o n p H B y M eH o p a 3 y M y , j e p j e c a M o n o c e 6n H eM o h H o fla c e n o K p e H e , h O Tyfl B p jio y fla jb e H O o f l p a 3y M a. T e aK O w:met)y h > h x nocT aB H M O f ly m y , K o ja c e

ajiH

J in m e H e

H H xepeH T H or

cMHCJia.

BeMHTO

H acT ajaH > e H H K afla c e H e o c T B a p y j e y B n h y ,

c a M o ( n p a 3 H a ) o 6 e h a H > a , M o ry h H o c T H h n o T e m p i ja j iH . Kafla j e a p x e T H n p a c i ^ e n j t e H , flHHaM HKa f f e n a H e 3 a b h c h o o fl C T p y K T y p e . H 3 M e ra H c x o fle flB a n o 3 H a T a o 6 p a c u ,a : g e jia if c e K o je j e H e n p o M H iH Jb e H o h MHmjbeH>e K o je j e H e fle jia T H o . O a H 3 t h m h o H a c y n p o T u ,h h h M H or, MaHHMHO

n p n jia ro ^ a B a o 6o M a , o h h M o r y jeflH O f l p y r o r n p n B v h n . ...f ly m a ...y c e 6n c a flp a c n c p e flH H e c b h x CTBapH h TaKO j e CBeM y H a j 6jiH a c a . ( F i c in o , 1 9 9 4 ., 8 6 - 8 7 ) . J J y m a C B ojy n o B e 3 y jy h y y j i o r y o 6aB Jb a K p o 3 p e (J)JieKCHjy h H M a n iH a ijH jy .

Ja

K o je i(H J b a jy H a

Cynp0TH0 aKTHBHOCTHMa pemaBaibe n p o 6jie M a , n c n x a j e

versus

flen p ecH B H O .

jeflaH

B H m e o 6 y 3 e T a K p e T a ib e M c B o jH x H fle ja . O T y f la h h KJiacHMHH ncHxojiouiKH n p o 6jie M (a t o b 3 > k h h

222

223

3 a n p o 6 j i e M n p o M e H e ) H H K a f la H e h e

6 h th p a3pem eH ,

h h t h h e , c a f l p y r e c T p a H e , H K a f la H e c r a T H c a n o 3 o p HHi^e H a y K e o fly u iH .

Ja,

n o K y m a B a fla c e

Ca c B o j e c T p a H e , n c H x o j i o r H j a via h o c h ca 3 a T e n e H H M C T aH > eM H a

c T H p a jy K a o c H M y jira H e peajiH O C T H . Oryffa Hajdojbe o f l p e ^ e i b e n p o M e H e H aJia3H M O y flp e B H o j K H H ecK oj J h 'B h h i ', K h > h 3h n p o M e H a : n p o M e H a j e ( o h o ) m T o j e H e n p o M e H jb H B o (Whilhelm, 1968.)

A pyraH H jH H aiiHH. O f lJ iy M H o h p a 3 J iy H H B a H b e M , O H a n o K y m a B a g a H3HOBa n o T B p f l H C B o jy c B e c T , ja M a H > e M h

y H B pm hH B aH > eM e r a , O K peT aH > eM n p o T H B c M e m e o c e h a H > a h M H m ji> e H > a .

HaKo

c m o c e n p H M a i u i H caM O M K p a jy , B p a T H M o

c e j o m j e f l a H n y T , n p B O M fly6H H C K O M n c H x o j i o r y ,

Xe-

p a K J iH T y M p a M H O M h H > e r0 B 0 M H aB O flH O M ( |) p a r M e H T y : C B e n p o ji a 3 H h H H u r r a H e T p a j e . < t> H Jio co 4 )C K a h c T p a > K H B a ib a M n p o c J i a B a M a p K O B H h a h h c k h x f l p y r n x H C T pa>K H B aM a X e p a K JiH T O B H X ( J p a r M e H a T a ,

He T a K o f l a B H o n e c H H K j e n e B a o : Thefalcon cannot hear the falconer; Thingsfall apart; the center cannot hold (W. Buttler Yeats - The SecondComing). Ja Koje je 3 a M e H H J i o Aymy H a M e c T y c p e f l n m T a j i h h h o c t h , ynCTHHy H e

noKa3yjy

fla j e

H a B e f le H a

sentencia

H>eM y n p n n H c a H a o f l C T p a H e

IlJ ia T O H a h

A p H C T O T e J ia . K n a c H H H a c j)o p M y jia ,,c B e

M o*e

fla h o c h

T e H 3 n jy . H a M e c T O

npeB a-

T e n e n o c T a J i a j e H fle ja B O flH Jba caB peM eH H X n c n x o T e p a n n ja , h>hxob

3 H J ia iK e H > a , a M H B a J i e H i p i j a M o a c e n o c T a T H h o b h n c H x o j i o h i k h n p H H iiH n . y c y c p e T y c a B eM H T H M n a p a f l O K -

spiritus rector.

M e i) y T H M , M p a H H H j e

p e K a o H e u iT o n o c B e flp y ra H H je : (O p a r.

Ha

oH e m TO ra 3 e

CHM a n c H x o J i o r H j e , Kojn y B e K o c J i o 6 a t ) a j y n o M e m a H a o c e h a H > a Koja c n p e M a B a j y j a c H o B H ^ e H > e , 6ojbe j e o x p a 6 p H B a T H a M 6 H B a J ie H U ,H jy H e r o B e p y f l a j e p e n o 3 a r o H e T K a M a Koje h e je f lH O M 6 h t h p e m e H e .

napaflO K C
T a jiH y flB o rJ ia B y H 3 p a > K a B a c a - n o c T o ja H > e n o jia p H O C T H

K p o 3 j e f l H e T e HCTe p e K e c T a jiH O f l p y r e BOfle n p o T H H y

40).

J l,a jie K O o f l H e n p e c T a H o r h 6 p 3 o r M e ib a ib a H enpecT aH o H a rJ ia m a B a jeflH H C T B O ,

h H e a a f lp a c H B e 6 y jH u e , X e p a K J i H T y o b o m h f lp y r H M
(J jp a rM e H T H M a

n o c T o ja H o c T h c T a 6 n jiH O C T O B o r a c B e T a ( M a p K O B H h ,

H e K o r a p x e T H n a ; H > e r o B njiyc h M H H y c , cJ>yHflaMeHc y ry 6 o c T

Koja

1983., 9 8 ). O f l H p c H o , cB ojH M (J )p a rM e H T H M a o h H a c
c T a JiH O y n y h y j e H a B e H H T y n r p y c y n p o T H o c T H , K p e T a ib a h M H p o B aH > a (c ttc c tic ;), n p o M e H e h H enpoM eH JbH B O cT H , H C T o r h p a 3 J iH H H T o r .

j e , n o f lje flH a K o , jio -

TH H K H a n c y p f l H a H C H M 6oJT H H K H HCTHHHTa. H C T H H e . C B e flO M a H C T B O

AM6HBa-

jieHU,Hja j e a f l e K B a T a H o f l r o B o p u e j i e n c H x e H a i i e j i e

TepTyjinjahobhm p e M H M a : ,,H Chh BoacnjH j e M p T a B , mTO j e BpeflHO B e p o B a ita jep je ancypflHo. noKonaH ycTafle n0H0B0, m T O j e H3BecHo jep j e H e M o r y h e . JyHr he 0 B 0 M e f l o f l a T H : ...IlapaflOKC je j e f l H a ofl H a m H X HajBpeflHHjHx f l y x o B H H x T e K O B H H a , flOK j e jeflHoo6pa3hoct 3 H a n e H > a 3 H a K 6 o j i e c T H . . . (J)eflHHO c e n a p a f l o K c
o B o ra
H a jia 3 H M O y M O JK e n p n 6 j i H a c H T H c x B a T a H > y n y H o h e JK H B O T a . flB o c M H c jie H o c T h

06e

cynpoT H ocT H

cy

H C T O B p e flH e , o f l n o f l j e f l H a K o r 3 H a n a j a y o flp a c a B a H > y i^ejio B H T O C T H cfje H O M eH a K O M e n p H n a f l a j y . H a p a B H O , o c o 6 a H e M O ce flB a n y T a f la 3 3 K o p a M H y H C T e p e H H e B O fle ,

ajiH

c T o jn

u cu io m K o p H T y p e K e .

06e

cynpo-

THOCTH - B O fla H p eM H O K O pH T O - j e c y C ym T H H C K H a c neK T H H C T o r KOHTHHyyM a p e K e . M m c je f lH e

T a je yB eK c T a JiH O

He-

H e n p 0 T H B y p e H H 0 C T c y je flH o c T p a H e y H 3paxaB aH >y

pene o c uciuo , a o k j e H>eH cadp.vcaj ( t o j e c T , eoda) dpyu, H O B ...E jie M , cynpoTHOcTH h c t o b c t h o "
H H T e r p a jiH H fle jio B H j e f l H o r T e n c r o r

CTora

H e n o fle c H e

HecxBaTJbHBor

h ,,p a 3 JiH M H o , f lp y r a H H je n p n n a f l a j y jeflH O M T e h c t o m

(Jung, 1968. CW 12. n a p a . 18). JleneibeM a M ^ H B a JieHi^nje, c K J i a i b a M o n o r j i e f l e ca O H o r a m T o o n a a c a M O

K ao n a p a flO K c ; flO K , c flp y re c rp aH e, n o f ly M a B a H > e a M 6 H B a J ie H u ;H jH y B O flH h eM O H C T O B peM eH o

continuum-u, j e c y

n p e flM e T a - p e K e " (M a p K O B H h ,

1983., 99).

c h m 6 o j i h m k y p e a J iH O C T ,

rfle

BHfleTH o 6 a J iH K a , K o j a T y er3H -

nocjiefliba aMnJiH(j3HKai;Hja Moace HaM noMohn fla BHflHMo 3amTO Puer - Senex apxeTHn Mopa ocTaTH ijeJiOBHT, y3 MaJiy n o M o h flyme. KpeTan>y je o n a j -

224

225

h h h k h n 0T p e 6H 0 M H poB aH >e, n p o M e H a T p a r a 3 a H enpOM eHJBHBHM , npaB H JIH O C T TpaaCH HOBHHy, y H B pm h e H o c T c a n > a p H o n p e o 6 p a a c a j y , CBe t o a jiH y H y T a p je f lH o r T e h c t o t a p x e T H n a . H a j 6 o j t a o 6janiH >eH >a c a A p a c a H a c y y c b m o m a p x e T H n y Puer-Senex, H H je HaM n o T p e 6 H a HHKaKBa c n o J b a n iH > a , o 6jeK T H B H a p e c jje peH T H a T anK a.

TeH3Hja

aM 6 HBaJieHTHHX o n o 3 H T a j e

JIHTEPATYPA
1. Jung, C.G (1969): Civilization in transition, CW 10. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 2. Giegerich, W. (20(K)): On The Neurosis o f Psychology or The Third o f The Two, u knjizi B. Sells-a: Working with the im ages: The Theoretical Base ofA rchetvpal P svchologvWoodstock: Spring Publications, 136-160. 3. Tanaka, Y. (2001): The Alchemical Images and Logic in Analytical Psychology, y 3 6 o p H H K y H arvest , vol. 47, No. 1; 7-30. 4. Hajdeger, M. (1997): U vod u metafiziku. Vmjaka Banja, Engoc. 5. Ficino, M. (1994): MarsUio Ficino's Book o f Life. W oodstock, Spring Publications. 6. Markovic, M. (19X3): FUozofija Heraklita M ranog, Beograd, Nolit. ' 7. Phares, E.J./Trull, T.J. (eds) (1997): Clinical Psychology: Concepts, Methods and Profession, (5 th ed.), Pacific Grove; Brooks/Cole Pbl. Co. 8. Nietzel, M Bemstein, D.A., Milich, R. (eds)(1998): Introduction to Clinical Psvchologv. Upper Saddle River; Prentice Hall. 9. Casey, E. (1989): Back o f Back to Beyond and Creeping Dichotomies. U knjizi Archetvpal Process: S elf and D ivine in Whitehead, Jung and Hillman (ed) D. R. Griffin, Evanston: Northvvestern University Press: 233-239. 10. Beisser, A. (1972): The Paradoxical Theoiy o f Change. U: G estalt Therapv N ow (eds) J. Fagan/ I. Shepherd. New York: Harper and Row. 11. Davison, G .D./Neale, J.M. (eds) (1998): Ahnormal Psycholof>y (7 th ed.), N ew York: John W iley/Sons, Inc. 12. Wolberg, L. R. (1967): The Tehnu/ue o f Psvchotherapy. (2nd ed), N ew York: Grune and Straton.

cT p y K T y p a jiH H n p e p ;y c jio B n p o M e H e . J],HHaMHKy j e f lH o r T p e 6 a c n a p H T H c a n o p e T K O M f l p y r o r . J ] B o r y 6 n a p x e T H n h e 6 h t h aM 6 H B ajieH T aH , j i o th h k h H e K o x e p e H T a H , aJiH c h m 6 o j i h h k h cjeflHH>eH. n y e p H 3HCKyje C e H e K c a g a 6 h y H e o HeKH C M H cao y c B o je n p o M eH Jb H B e aKTHBHOCTH; S e n e k s T a K o i)e n o T p e 6y je M jia g a jia H K H JE 3,yx, K ojH h e n o r y p a T H H >eroB y H enpoM eH jbH B O C T . H e M a H a c T a j a i t a 6 e 3 B n h a / 6 h b CTBOBaH>a. H j i h fla K aaceM j o n i je flH o c T a B H H je : S e n e k s C T p y K T y p H u ie n p o i j e c ,

Puer

n p o i^ e c y je

(n p o p a t)y je )

cT p y K T y p y . H enpoM eH JbH B O

je

o r j i e ^ a j i o y KOMe n p o -

M eH a M o ace BHjjeTH B JiacTH TH o f lp a 3 .

***

Ha K pajy, neM y OBa n p n n o B ecT o Puer-y h Senex-y, h > h x o b o m apxeTHncKOM p acu ,en y , noHHH>aH>y
H OKOHHaB3H>y, npO Jia3H O M H BeHHOM, MeH>aH>y H H e-

MeH>an>y? Je^HOCTaBHo, M oja a p x e T H n o j io u i K a c y re CTHja rjia c n : H H je HaM n o T p e 6 H a npoM eH a K ao H jje ja BogHJba h npH H i^H n T e p a n n je , aJiH HaM cBaKaKO T p e 6 a T e p a n n ja n p O M e H e . M o p a M O noBecTH 6 p n r y o (|)a H T a 3 H jn npoM eH e, MopaMO HeroBaTH h JieHHTH o 6 o j i e j i y Hjjejy npoM eH e K oja c e ymaHHHJia y BJiacTHToj H e n p o MeHJbHBOCTH.

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13. Frank, J. D. (1982): Therapeutic Components shared by all psychotherapies. U J. H. Harvey /M . M. Parks (eds): The m aster lecture series. Vol. 1. Psychotherapy research and hehavior change., Washington, DC: American PsychologicaI Association. 14. Rotter, J.B. (1971): Clinical Psvchologv (2nd ed.), Englevvood Cliffs, w: Prentice-Hall. 15. Fagan, J./ Shephard (eds) (1972): G estalt Therapy N ow, N ew York: Harper and Row. 16. Hillman, J. (1983): H ealing Fiction, Barrytown: Station Hill. 17. Plato (1997): P lato Com plete Works. (ed) J.M. Cooper. Indianapolis/Cambridge: Hackett Pbl. Co. 18. Seznac, J.( 1972): The Survival o f the Pagan Gods. Bollingen Series XXXVIII, Princeton: Princeton University Press. 19. Jung, C.G. (1968): The Structure and The D ynam ics o f the P syche, CW 8, Princeton: Princeton University Press 20. Jung, C.G. (1968): The Psvchologv and the Alchemv, CW 12, Princeton: Princeton University Press 21. Yeats, W.B. (1970): The Second Coming. U The Collected Poem s ofW .B . Yeats. N ew York: Macmillan Co. 22. The I Ching or Book ofC hanges ( 1968) (trans.), Richard W ilhelm, London: Routledge/Kegan Paul.

nOJIHTHHKA nCHXA H nPEACTABE HCTOIIOJIHE JLYBABH

He TaKo ^aBHO, noJiOBHHOM ceflaMAeceTHX, #ec h o c e 3H aM ajaH n o M a K y noJiH T H H K oj c b c c t h 3 a n a f l H o r H O B eK a, K o jn j e o t b o p h o n p o c T o p 3 a p a 3 B o j , ,r e j h J ie 3 6 n jc K e n c H x o J i o r n j e , a K o jn j e n o H H B a o H a n p e T n o c ra B i^ H fla xM 0c e K c y a jiH 0CT y jia 3 H y oK B H pe ,,H o p M a jiH o r o n c e r a ji> y ^ c K o r n o H a i u a i t a . C a M n o ja M ,,x 0M 0c e K c y a jiH 0CT 6h o j e H 3 6 a n e H H3 3B aH H H H or flH ja ra o c T H H K o r n p H p y H H H K a A M e p H H K e n c H x n ja T p n jc K e a c o i^ H ja i^ H je (APA) 1973. ro flH H e , a flB e r o AHHe K ac H H je (1975.) A M ep H H K O ncH X 0Ji 0HiK 0 y n p y a c e i t e y c B o jH Jio i j e 3BaHH HH y n o jiH T H K y n a x o M o c e K cy ajiH O C T caM a uo ce6u H e n o # p a 3 y M e B a 6h j i o K aK B y B p c T y M e H T a jiH o r n o p e M e h a j a . C n o M e H y T H f l o r a t} a j n caM O c y A e o o 6 y x B a T H H je r n p o u ;e c a K o jn j e H a r a a o n o c jia H H K e H3 o 6jia c T H f lv m c B H o r 3^paB Ji> a fla CKHHy c a x 0M0c e K c y a jiH 0CTH CTH rM y M e H T a jiH o r n o p e M e h a j a , K o ja j e A y r o ^ e ije H H ja y H a3 aA 6n j i a flO B o ije H a y B e 3 y c a ceK cy aJiH H M H ^eH TH TeTO M r e j M y u iK a p a u ,a h

Jie36HjKH.

Ho OAJTyKa

cnoM eH y T H X CTpyKOBHHX yap y x eH > a

H H je n o H H B a Jia H a h c h x o j i o i h k h m p a 3 Jio 3 H M a h j i h 6 a peM 0 H0 Me u i t o y o 6 H H a je H o n o ^ THM e n o flp a 3yMe-

BaMo. n o T K p en jte H > e o^jiyK e fla je X0 M0 ceKcyaJiH0 CT H 3BaH o n c e r a naT O JioniK or H H je H 3B efleH o H3 CKJiona
j i h h h o c t h , H>eHe flHHaM HKe h p a 3 B o ja , o flc y c T B a /n p H c y c T B a H a c jie ^ H H x ncHXHHKHX n p e ^ H c n o 3 H H H ja , p a 3 h h x h h h x HHTpancHXHHKHX h j i h n a K , H H T epnepco-

228

229

HaJiHHX n p o n e c a , B e h j e n o M H B a jio H a KOHceH3ycy K o jn j e 6 h o MOTHBHcaH u ojiu M u h ku m p a 3 Ji0 3 H M a . I l p e T n o cT aB JiaH > e n o JiH T H H K o r ncH X 0Ji 0u iK 0M, y o b o m K a o h y 6 pojH H M flp v rH M cJiyM ajeB H M a, HeflBOCMHCJieHo n o g BJiaMH p a c u e n H 3M ei)y ,,jih m h h x o c e h a H > a c a jeH H e C T p aH e h n o jiH T H H K e p e a jiH o c T H " c a A p y r e , h n p e f l C T a B Jta HecBO flHBy oflJiH K y c a B p e M e H e K y jiT y p e . M h c e j o n i h h c m o cp o flH JiH c a n p e ^ c T a B O M fla n e p c o H ajiH O je c iu e n o jiH T H H K o T e fla fly 6o K a , T aM H a h H H jajiH e y 3 p o K e h nojiH T H H K e n o c J ie f lH u e . K a o fla c m o c j i e n n n p e f l H H H >em m oM fla c e H C T o p n ja H e o f l n r p a B a

flp y m T B a h j i h HHCTHTyu,Hje o k o o p r a H H 3 a i m j e

h ah-

C T p n 6yu;H je p e c y p c a h M o h n , n o c e 6H ije eKOHOMCKe M o h H . n o JIH T H K a Ce 33H H M a 3 a HaHHH H a K ojH c e M o h o c T B a p y je , o flp jK a B a h j i h p a 3 B H ja , 6h j i o fla j e p e n o flp acaB H , caB e3 H M a 3 e M a J b a , HHCTHTyi^HjaM a h c ji. I I o K y m a B a fla fle T e p M H H H m e noHamaibe, o c T B a p n k o h T p o J iy Hafl flp y rH M a h, H a * a j i o c T y peT K H M c j i y n a jeB H M a , no6ojbm a K B ajiH T eT jbyflCKHX acH BO Ta. E k o HOMCKa h noJiH T H H K a M o h n o f lp a 3 y M e B a jy K0 H T p 0Jiy H afl n p o u e c H M a HH(f>opMHcaH>a, a o h h K o jn h x o c T B a p y j y h y n p a a c H > a B a jy H e n p e 3 a j y h h o fl y n o T p e 6 e cjjH3HMKe c H jie 3 a p a f l o c T B a p e ib a C B o jn x H H JbeB a, u i t o n o flp a 3 y M e B a h n p n c B a j a i b e h j i h K O H T p o jin c a ib e T y t> nx ) K h b o t h h x p e c y p c a , n o n y T 3 e M Jb e, x p a H e , BOfle, H acfiT e h c ji. A p y r o 3HaHeH>e H 3 p a 3 a no JiH T H K a THH e ce B H m e n e p c o H a J iH e paBHH; T y n o jiH T H H K a M o h oflpaacaBa 6o p 6y o k o flejiaH > a, T j. B em T H H e fla c e c j i o 6o a h o m h c j i h h f le jia , n p n n e M y h o j i h t h h k h flejiaT H H K , o c j i a H > ajy h n c e H a C B oje n c H X H H K e n p o n e c e h c a f l p a c a je , n o K v m a B a fla caM y c M e p a B a h y n p aacH > aB a, n o H>eM y, C B p cH cx o flH e npJiH T H H K e aK i^H je. H 3 y K p m T a ja o B e flBe flH M eH 3H je H3BOflHMO T p e h e 3H aneH >e n o jM a n o JiHTHKa. Pen j e o n p o c T o p y r f le ce c y cT H acy ja B H a h n p H B a T H a flH M eH 3 n ja M o h n . y o 6e M a y o n a B a M o 6o p 6y pa3JiHH HTH X CBecTH K o je 3 a r o B a p a j y o c B a ja i b e c jio 6o f l e , n p o M e H y h j i h p a 3 B o j ca je flH e c r p a H e h K o n e ib e , c n y T aB a H > e, n oT H C K H B aibe h j i h O M H H noT eH T H o B e p o B a ib e y B eH H T e h c t h h c c a f l p y r e C T p aH e. Y t o m n p o C T o p y n o jiH T H H K a M o h c e onH T H O H c n o jb a B a - y o p r a HH3ai^HjH nopoflHne, oflHocHMa K o jn B Jia fla jy H 3M et)y p a c a , K y jiT y p a h j i h p o f lo B a , p e JiH rn jc K H M h yM eTH H h k h m n p e flC T a B a M a K o je v t h h v H a j k h b o t C B aK o r n o je flH H t(a . B p aT H M O c e H aBefleH O M n p H M e p y x o M o c e K c y a J ih o t h , H 3 p e n e H e flH JieM e h o flJiy K e o H >eroBOM MeHTajiH O M C T aT y cy H H cy J in m e H e n c H x o J io m K o r o n p a -

(Tacey, D.J., 1997, c T p . 53), h h t h m h 3 o c e h a H > a HMajy c o -

H erfle H 3BaH H a c , H e ro y H auiH M HHflHBHflyajiHHM s k h BOTHMa, h fla c e n p o M e H e y H V T ap a T e K y jiT y p e H e O flB H jajv HCKJb.yHHBO y nOJIHTHHKOM p H H ry , Ha T p r o BHM a, y c y K o 6HM a c y n e jb e H H X flp y u iT B eH H X r p y n a , h o h y H aM a, H auiH M nojeflH H aH H H M flo*:H B JbaB aH >H M a, T e fla H a c t o , H epeT K O , C K y n o K o u iT a . A j i h n p e flC T a B a K o ja o 6y x B a T a n e p c o H a J iH o /jiH HHOCHO H nOJIHTHKy, OCHM flHj arH O C T H K O B aiba n p e o B J ia f la B a jy h e r c T a B a o p a 3 flB o je H o c T H t h x , H a H 3 rJie fl, HecpaBH>HBHX 4>eH O M eH a, H a r o B e u iT a B a M H o ro 3 H an a jH H jy , n p 0B0KaTH BHH jy h n o n o c J ie flH ija M a flo K p a ja H eflO K y n eH y flH M eH 3H jy, a t o j e : u o jiu u a iK a je u c u x o jio m k c i h , o

6pH yT O , u c u x o jio u ja j e uoA uiuuH K a. Ilo JiH T H K a o 6jiH K y je H a iu e n cH X O Jio u iK e T e o p n j e , o fla 6n p a h y c T p o ja B a H a u iy H ayH H y M eT 0fl 0Ji 0r n j y , y c M e p a B a H a m a H C T paxH B aH > a h n o c T a B J b a H o p M e o H o r a u i t o n p e n o 3 H a je M o K a o ,,3 flp a B o h ,, 6o ji e c H o . H c t o B p e M e H o , nojiH T H H K a T e o p n j a h n p a K c a n o H H B a jy H a n p e flC T a B a M a f ly iu e , pyK O B O fle c e h c h x h h k h m n e p c n e KTH BaM a h H 3 p a * a B a j y n c H x o jio u iK H M a c a p ro H O M . He c a M o fla j e oflHoc n o jiH T H K e h n c n x o j i o r H j e flBOCMep a H , o H e c y H3flaHii,H h c t o t K o p e H a - f l y u ie . Ilp e flC T a B e f l y m e T B o p e , y n o flje flH a K o j M ep H , n cH X O Jio u iK y h n o jiHTHHKy T e o p n j y h n p a K c y .

H 3 p a 3 ,,nOJIHTHKa MO*eMO CXBaTHTH Ha T pu HaHHHa; npB o, H3pa3 c e oflH ocn Ha KOHi^eHTpHpaHO cB pcTaB aibe h 6 o p 6 y H3Me^y 3eM ajba, yH yTap jeflH o r

Bflaiba, caM O

i h t o j e o h o 0fleH y T 0 y p y x o n o jiH T H H K o r.

n c H x a , fla K Jie , HHje c a M o y fly m e B jb e H H c|)eHOM eH K o jn

230

231

c e M OiKe n c K Jb y H H B O H c n H T H B a T H y H au iH M J i a 6 o p a T o p n ja M a , H c n o Jb a B a T H H a n p o j eKTHBHHM T e x H H K aM a, jieM HTH Ha aH aJiH TH M apeB O M K ayM y, H e ro h eH T H T eT K o jn c e n p o ja B J ty je y nojiH T H M K oj 6 o p 6 n , p a3H H M H A e o jio r n ja M a , y 3 H ^ y je y T e M e j t e p y iiiT B e H H x h h c t h T yL(Hja, K o ja m n e K y jiH in e H a 6ep3H , o f l n r p a B a ( a c t - o u t )
y paT H H M c y K o 6n M a h c ji. E a p e M K a fla j e p e n o f ly -

p a 3 M a T p a H O y c b o m C0E(HjaJiH0M KOHTeKCTy. COI^HjaJIHOM H nOJIHTHHKOM flH C K ypcy

Y H a u ie M

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BaacHO H an p a B H T H p a3 JiH K y H 3M et)y x 0M0c e K c y a jiH H x h x e T e p o c e K c y a jiH H X o c o 6a , c o 6 3 H p o M fla y flp y u iT B y K o je n p e T n o c T a B J t a x e T e p o c e K c y a jiH o c T flp y rH M 06JiHi^HM a c e K c y a J iH o r n o H a in a H > a , n ojeflH H H H M a K o ju c y M a p rH H a n H 3 0 B a H H h o f l 6a n e H H je p 3 6 o r c b o ]h x ceK cyajiHH X n p e c J je p e H U H ja . H a rjia u ia B a H > e h > h x o b c

6HHCKoj n c H X O Jio rH jn , Harne cxB aT aH >e H H T pancH X H H K o r , yH yT pauiifcer c B e T a n o je n H H ija y K Jb y M y je o H e H e jio B e K o jn c e H3BOfle h j i h n o H H B a jy Ha oflHOCHMa c a A p v rn M a (o6jeKTHM a). C o u H ja jiH e H H T ep aK H H je h y ji o r e n p e j],c T a B J b a jy rp a flH B H e HHHHOije y H y T ap n cH X H H K e

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cK p H B eH e, n p e flC T a B e H ac n o B e 3 y jy c a jty flH M a , a o fl-

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T O T aJiH T apH H n p o je K T H 3a K o r a C T o jn a p x e T H n

Senexa,

K o jn TOH aK H C T o p n je B p a h a y H a 3 a fl, a x o M o c e K c y a n HOCT H3HOB3 HHHH HeBHflJtHBOM HJIH, flpSC ehH Ce CBOj n x n a T p H ja p x a J iH u x C T e p e o T H n o B a , n p o K a a c e H O M p a -

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Tpe6HO. o M e i) y jy h e h H ep eT K O n o r y 6H o . n p H K J ia ita jy h H ce H flejH A . C a M jy e J ic a , n o c r jy H r o B C K o r aH a jiH T H H a p a , O nOJIHTHHKOM CJI0j y A yU ie, T j. nOJIHTHHKOj n c H X H ( S a m u e l s , A . , 1 9 9 3 ) , c M a T p a M f la j e H e 0n x 0flH 0

n p e H H a H H T H n o JiH T H H K e n p o i j e c e y H 3 p a 3 e K o j n H 3-

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h o c h o , K a fla 3 ajcopaH H M O y i^apcT B O f l y m e , m h y n a 3 h m o y je flH y peJiaTH B H C TH H K y B a c e j t e H y y K o jo j c e BpeflHOCTH, CTaBOBH, n p e T n o c T a B K e o H auiH M c o i j h jajiH H M KOHCTpyHC3HHM caM CTBHM a flOBOfle y n H T a i t e h H e p e T K O , n o c T a B J ta j y H a rjia B a H K e . H a n p o c T o , a p x e T H n c K e e H e p r n j e n p o T H H y K p o 3 o c o 6e 6 e 3 o 63H p a KOMe p o f l y o h h n p H n a f la J in ; flp y ra H H je peneH O , a p x e T H n c K e n p e f lc T a B e c e H e n o B H H y jy oflJiH K aM a p o f l a h

B H p y H 3 p e H H H K a f l y m e h , HCT 0B p e M e H 0 , y H y T p au iH > e
n p o i^ e c e y n o JiH T H H K e n o jM O B e . C B a K a K O , M o p a M O H M aT H H a y M y n c H x o jio u iK o r

3a

p a 3 J iH K e

H 3 M e t)y n o J iH T H H K o r h

HHcy e cjD e M e p H e , o H e n o c T o je h T p a a c e

fla h x T aK B H M o n a x a M O , j e p j e t o je f lH H a f l e j i o T B o p H a
o f l 6 p a H a o f l o n a c H O C T H 3 B a H e k o c m h h k h x o jiH 3 a M (S a m u e ls , A . h c t o ) .

Mei)aMa K o je

c y o fl 3 H a n a ja y c o u ;H ja jiH o j h h o j i h t h h k o ]

cc}jepH . n p e f lC T a B a H e K o r 6o r a h j i h 6orH H >e ( a p e n j e o noeT C K H M H 3 pa3H M 3 K ojH M a 0 3 H a H aB 3 M 0 BHHie T e x HHHKe n o jM O B e - a p x e T H n o B e ; n p H M .

^ p a c H M O j i h c e h f l a j t e x o M o c e K c y a JiH o c T H h j i h , u i t o j e fla H a c h o j i h t h h k h K o p e K T H H je p e h n h c t o n o ji H e j b y 6aBH , n o ja c H H h y 3 a u iT O m h c jih m fla j e flo -

B.B.

nonoB H h)

yB eK j e o fle H y T a y p y x o o B o r h j i h o h o t p o f l a , T e M o ace He

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re j h

6h t h ( n p e f lc T a B a ) y c B o je H a h j i h O T e jio B jte H a o fl c T p a 6h j i o k o t n o j e f l m m a : M y u iK a p ija h j i h a c e H e .

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K y jiT y p e h n o K p e T a y o flH o c y H a T a -

xoM oceK cyajiH e h j i h xeT epoceK cyaJiH e o c o 6e ( b h a h KOfl J. Cashford, 1998.). Kao fla c m o 3a 6o p aB H JiH H e
TaKO flaBHO H3p e n e H a y B ep eH > a

K 0 3 B aH y ,,xeT epoceK C H C T H H K y K y jiT y p y M o p a 6h t h

C.

<l>pojfla h

K. f . 233

232

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CnoMHH>aii.e pa3JiHKa H3Me^y nojiHTHHKe h n c n XHHKe p ea jiH o c T H o/j S H a n a ja je h 36or cjiefleher: oho u ito je uoM iiu u H K u K opeK uiH o He Mopa 6h th ucu XOJlOlUKU KOpeKlUHO. JeflHOCTpaHOCT j e pH3HK KojH nOJIHTHHKH OpHjeHTHCaHH nojeflHHJJH IIOHeKafl HHHe 3apafl ocTBapHBaita xejbeH or uHJba, ajiH ohh Kojn cy ncHxojiouiKH opnjeHTHcaHH Tpe6 a fla je ce l!yBajy k a o {)aBO KpcTa. ripHMepHue, H3 nepcneKTHBe cJjcmmhhCTHHKHX HJIH Jie36HjcKHX n o K p e T a , HCKJtyHHBO noHcTOBehHBaH>e aceHa ca apxeTHncKH jkchckhm je onpaB flaH o, c o63HpoM fla BoflH nporpecHBHOM noJiHthhkom u,HJby; ca cTaHOBHUiTa aHflporHHe flyme, cnoMeHyTo noHCTOBehHBaite ocyjehyje HHflHBHflyau,Hjy jep oHeMoryhaBa flnjaJieKTHHKH oflH oc c a J3,pyrHM kojh je, 6apeM Ha apxeTHncKoj paBHH, ojraijoTBOpeH K ao MymKo. 3 6 o r T o ra je o r H e n p o n e itH B o r 3 H a n a ja fla ce ap>khmo o 6 e nepcneKTHBe h, n o n y T XepMeca K ojn HenpeKHflHo npeMomhyje cBe rpaHHU,e, npe 6 aii,yjeM o ca je flH o r xopH 30H T a Ha Apyrn: ca K O HK peTH or Jty flC K o r h noJiH TH H K or ao > K H B JtaB aita apxeTHncKe o 6 jiacTH H a 4)JiyHflHO, MeTatfiopHHKo, an ji,p o rH H o carjiepaBaibe HOBeKOBa yHHBep3yMa h apeHe cou,wjajiHHX h noJiHTHHKHX 36HBait>a. H ajca> K eT H je peneHo, o h o m T o j e u c u x o a o iu k u o u o p iu y H o HHje yBeK h noJIHTHHKH CBpCHCXOflHO. JJok je nOTOH>e yBeK napTHKyjiapHO H MOHOTeHCTHHKO H pVKOBOflH ce H H TepeCHM3 H nopHBHMa HHflHBHflyaJIHOr Ja, KBKBe COHHjaJiHe, B epcK e h jih HfleojiomKe opH jeH T aH H je, n c n x o Jiom K H onopTyHH3aM je yBeK yHHBep3ajiaH, x o j i h c t h HKH H, HCTOBpeMeHO, nOJIHTeHCTHHKH, CBejeflHO Ha JIH HMa Ha yMy h c j i o b h t o c t H H flH B H flvaJine nym e h j i h
o 6jeK T H B H e n c H x e .

3anafla. CnoMeHyTa n p a -

B H Jia h cT aB O B H n o iiH B a jy H a H ecB O flH B H M a p x e T H n ckhm n p e f lC T a B a M a . n p B y j e H a j 6 o J t e

30 M ,,n a T p H ja p x a T , i u t o h e p e h n B p e flH o c T H

onncaT H H 3 p a Ra n a T p H j a p x a J i H e n p e n o 3 H a j y O f l p e t) e H y KapaKTepHCTHKy

j i h h h o c t h H C K Jty H H B o K a o M y m K y h j i h >KeH CKy, a c o H H ja jiH e y j i o r e n p u n n c y j y p p x e h n c e H3 p a 3 a

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offHoce Ha

p o f l ( re H fle p . e n r .). Y o n m T e H o r o B o p e h n ,

H p T e , o c o 6 H H e h j ih y j i o r e K o je c e n p H n H c y jy ( h n p o n n c y j y ) M y m K a p n H M a B p e j( H y jy c e B H in e h o o H e n p n n n c a H e ( n p o n n c a H e ) a c e H a M a . E L o ja M T a K o ^ e n o K p H B a H e p aB H o n p aB H y p a c n o f le J iy

Mohn H3Mei)y M y i H K a p a n a

h x e H a , h j ih , n p e M a c J ie fle h e M o f l p e ^ e i i y , n a T p n j a p x a T h h h h CH CTeM ,ijp y u iT B e H H X c T p y K T y p a h n p a K c e y K o jH M a M y m K a p k q A O M H H H pa, n o T H H H > a B a h j i h H 3 p a 6 jb y je * e H e X a T H H je

(Wialbz, S. 1990.,

C T p.

20). H o

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HCKJbyHHBO B e m T a H K a C O U H O nO JIH T H H K a t b o -

peB H H a, H e ro h apxeT H H C K a c T p y K T y p a y H y T a p n c n x e K o j a o 6 e 3 6 e i ) y j e c T a ^ H J iH o c T a p y i i i T B a , e M 0 U ,H 0 H a JiH y c n ry p H o c T h n p e ^ c T a B Jb a n o y 3 fla n n p o jia 3 K a 3 p e n o j

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T o jio rn ja .

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236

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ocynoM xeTepoceKCHCTHHKe cpeflHHe, AaKJie oflcyc tb o m H eonxoflH e flpyuiTBeHe n o flp u iK e, ajiH ca oflcyc tb o m B ajb aH o r o 6 p a c i^ a 3a noHcroBehHBaH>e, i h t o je ncH xojiom K H 3HanajHHje H e r o npeTX0AH0. X h b o t re j o c o 6 e y penpecHBHoj x eT epoceK cyajiH oj KyjiTypa, i h t o HajiHKyje cBojeBpcHOM ncHxocouHjaJiHOM BaKyyMy, m hhh o6ejioflaH.HBaH>e (co m in g o u t) t o t o b o n o npaBHJiy, 6 e 3 o 6 3 H p a Ha k o m ce y3pacT y jaBH. n p o HecoM K ojn j e n p a h e H 3aKacHejiOM aflojiecijeHijH joM . T ej M vuiK apun K ao n a cy 3 a p o 6 jb e H H h jih yiuaHMeHH y apxeT H n B eH H Tor MJiaflHha, H iT a BHiue H>HXOBa KyjiT y p a j e K yjiTypa Puer-u. F o t o b o n o npaBHJiy oJiHKyje h x H3pa3HTO yMecTaJia ceKcyaJiHa 3 K th b h o c t, npoMHcKyHTeTHo n o H a m a ib e , yB ehaH o o 6 p a h a H .e n a a a b e Ha BJiaCTHTO TeJIO H cj3H3HMKH pa3BOj H TOTOBO npHCHJIHa noTpe6a fla y c e 6 n oTKpHjy ,,MyiuKo. MHH>eHHU,a Aa acHBe y x o m o (|)o 6 ho m apyuiT B y HaM ehe K ao iu p e h u 3ajjaTaK H3rpai>HBaH>e o flro B ap a jy h e u e p c o n e . 0 6 p a 3 H H e h jih MacKe K oja h e , npeM a MHUiJbeH>y aHajiHTHHKH opnjeH T H caH or r e j T e p a n e y T a P . X onK H ja, caflpacaTH h oflpaacaBaTH h>hxob yH yTpaUIH>H iKHBOT, aJIH r a H e npHKpHBaTH HJIH nOTHCKHBaTH. P e n j e 0 nepcoH H Koja h e r a u i t h t h t h , K oja H e h e OKOUITaTH, B e h OCT3TH cf>JieKCH6HJIHa H pe3HJinjeHTHa (H o p ck e, R . 198 9 ., c r p . 7 4 ). Ilo flceT H h y , n e p c o H a je ncHXHHKa Hy>KHOcT, fleo j i h h h o c th K ojy riojeflHHai; npH K a3yje ApyrHMa y coi^njajiHOM KOHTeKCTy; oH a je M ecTo y j i h h h o c t h r f le c e npaBH KOMnpoMHC H 3 M e jjy KOJieKTHBHHx BpeflHocTH h HHflHBHflyaJiHHX n o T p e S a . 3 a pa3JiHKy 03 n e p c o H e x eT ep o ceK cy ajiH o r MyuiKap n a , o6pa3H H a r e j o c o 6 e He nopH H e H>eroBy HflHocHHKpeTHHHOCT, B eh npeflcTaB Jba H eonxoflH y 3auiTHTy ofl xom o 4 > o 6 h h x H acpT aja h rp y n o 6 p a H H3a K o ra M oace fla pa3BHja C B ojy ayTeHTHMHocT.
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c B e ra , o rjie fla jy KaKO H HHM e n p eH H aH H T H CTaBOBe flOM HH3HTHe XOMO(J)o 6H e K V JiT y p e, KaKO npeTOM HTH n c H x o jio u i K e n o T p e 6 e y h o j i h t h m k h y c M e p e H y fleJiaTHOCT, H a n o c jie T K y, KaKO o flro B o p H T H H a p a 3 H e H 3 a 3 0 B e c a K ojH M a c e

no n p B H nyT c y o n a B a K y jiT y p a Senex-ci. I lp H M e p H ije , 6 p 3 h f lo 6 p o y T e M e jb e H o f l r o B o p r e j K y jiT y p e H a n o jaBy AIDS-a, joui 3a

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aceHH, fla K J ie , K a o K aK B a MaHHCTHHKa, x e p o j c K a flp y rio jiH T H H K e n o c ji e f l H n e aK TH B H ocTH r e j n o K p e T a cB e cHa>KHHje c e o f l p a a c a B a jy h H a H a u ie n cH X O Jio u iK e n o r a e f l e . Y H e H ie o HfleHTHTe*Ty ( j i h h h o m h j i h c o i j h jaJiH O M , c B e je flH o ) Tpnn He M a jie u p o M e H e , a t o c e H e o f lp a a c a B a caM O H a cxB aT aH >a n c H X O Jio rH je h n c n x o n a T O J io r H je > k h b o t h h x u,H K Jiyca, h o h H a H fle je o n o j i y (s e x , e H r . ) h p o f l y ( g e n d e r , eHr.) h h > h x o b h m M ei)yc o 6 h h m o flH o cH M a. rip e flc ra B a p o f l a , K a o c o i^ n ja ji H o r K O H CTpyK Ta, K o jn noM H B a H a n o j i y K a o 6 H O Jio u iK o j oflpeflH H H H , o 3 6 n jb H o j e n o J b y jb a H a j e p c m o n p o 3p e jiH y i;H p K y jiap H O C T flO K a 3HBaH>a 06 a H3p a 3a ( B u r r , V .,

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238

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p o flH H H o r o K p y x e H > a ( 2 M aM e/ 2 T a T e ) , a jiH j e f lo B e jio y cyMH>y p e 3y jiT a T e K o je c m o n p n n n c n B a j i u c T a p o B p eM eH C K o j, x e T e p o c e K c y a j iH o j, H y K Jie a p H o j n o p o jj H i^ h . H a ^ a J b e , H a iu n x e T e p o c e K C H C T H h k h , n e c r o n p a c h c t h h k h M epH H H HCTpyM eHTH T p a x e 0 3 6 h ji> h o n p e H H aneH > e j e p c e n o K a 3 a j i o fla c y B a jb a H H K a fla n p o ijeH > yjy n p o j e K i t n j e x o m o ( J )o 6 h h x H ayH H H K a, a H e h H flH ocH H K peT H H H e c a f lp jK a je r e j h j i h Jie 3 6 H jC K e n o n y jia u ,H je . H a n o c j i e T K y , H ayHHH no3H TH B H 33M h e c e H H H jajiH 3aM , K a o o c o 6 eH H b h a o b h H c n o Jb aB a H > a n e p c n eK T H B e Senex-a, y c T y n a jy M e c T o X e p M e c o B C K o j n p aK C H -x ep M eH ey T H i^ H , pejiaTHBHCTHH K OM cxB aT aH > y H ay H H e h c t h h c , o A 6 au,HBaH>y o 6jeKTHBHOCTH h H e y T p a jiH o c T H HCTHHa . h y cB ajaH > y C T aH O B m iiT a fla je H ayK a n p o i ^ e c K O H C T pyncaH >a, a H e O T K p n B a iia ,,B eH H TH x

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p n jc K o r H C K ycT B a h c e h a H > a J b y f lC K o r p o f l a . C b h M a c o b h h n o K p e T H k o j h c y 3 a r o B a p a j i H K O JieK T H B H y h h flH B H fly a i^ H jy y H C T O pnj c k h m o K B H p H M a ( n o n y T 6 o J b m eB H 3M a,

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6 jie M . K a K o p asB H T H Ja aK O c e o h o H e c y c p e r a e c a jeflH H M T h , K o je o h t o j i o h i k h h n c H x o jio u iK H H e n p e f l C T a B Jia HCTHHHTy HHOCT? X 0M 0 e p 0THHH 0CT XOMOCeKc y a J ia u ,a c y 36n j a n p o c T o p 3 a c y c p e T c a H h u m , M a K a p o h 6h o cB efle H H a flejiaT H H K a k o j h f lp y r a H H je c x B a T a n o ja M p o f l a h j i h H M a flp y ra H H je c e K c y a jiH e n p e c ja e p e H i^ n je .

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j e x e p M e H e y T H K a K o p H in h e H a K a o o f l r o -

y n o 3 o p a B a : , , Y k o j i h k o H e p a 3 J iy H H M o M y m K o c T o f l n a T p n j a p x a T a , o 6 o i e h e o t h H h h h 3 K aH ajiH 3 au ,H jy n ic k ,

B a p a j y h a M e T O flO Jio rn ja , y n o c T -n a T p H ja p x a J iH O M n p e HcnHTHBaH>y HCTonoJiHe ji>y 6 aB H , y X 0 M 0 c e K c y a jiH 0 M

(Mo-

E. 1987.,

c tP.

9). 241

240

J ] ,p y r o ,

paflH K ajiH H M

aKafleM CKHM

M yuiK H M

HH33M

n a T p n ja p x a T ,

Hero

CBojoM n p eB p T jb H B O M

C T y fln jaM a n o H a B J ta c e flpeB H H a p x e T H n c K H o S p a a a u ,:

n p n p o f l O M h H rp O M H3HOBa n p e n c n H T y j e CBe n c n x o -

3a p a f l o c j i o 6 a ^ a H .a o r CTera T p a flH ijH je , n aH H M H o r

cT p e M Jte H > a K a h o b o m , B a c n o c ra B J b a H > a b j i 3 C t h t h x B p eflH o cT H h H>HX0B0r n 0T 0 H>er o r J i a u i a B a i b a 3 a yHHB e p 33JIHHM H o c B a j a i b a M o h n , BpiU H c e CllMOAUHKO y 6 u c i u e o ou,a. M aK O JiH K O j e OLi,ey6 HCTBO n 0 HHH>eH 0 H a p aB H H aK afleM C K e p a c n p e , 4 > a H T a 3 n ja ,,y 6 H jaH >a y o 6 jiH H aB a noJiH T H H K e n e p c n e K T H B e K o je c y 3 a p o 6 jb e H e

Jio u iK e /n o jiH T H H K e n p e flC T a B e h KOHcrpyKTe MyuiKOc t h h >KeHCK0 CTH, c n a c a B a jy h H h x o fl n p e p a c T a i b a y C T e p e o T H n o B e , O B o ra n y T a x o M o c eK cy a jiH e o x e T e p o c e K c y a jiH o c T H . H a n o c jie T K y , X e p M e c 3 a r o B a p a ,,acj)HpM aT H B H y , a He UHHHM Hy, ,,cyM H > H H aB y xepM eH e-

yT H K y

(Ricoeur, P., 1981.),

K o ja n o T B p t)y je H a c jie ^ e h

y EflHnoB K O M nJieK c: T p e 6 a ycM pT H TH o i j a , fla 6 h c e B paTH JiH y 3 a r p j b a j M a jK e. Ho H H je p e n o n o B p a T K y jiH H H oj B e h a p x e T H n c K o j M ajijH , y H H jn c e rymehn

3a r p j b a j h o K p H Jb e H3HOBa B p a h a M o , 3 a 6 o p a B J b a j y h n

OTanKO n p e fla ib e h n p e H o c n r a Kao 3 a j i o r c a f la m ib e M h 6yflyheM H a p a n rra jy , H e n p e c T a H O r a npeH H anyjyhH , y

B e c e J io j h c T B a p a jia H K o j n r p n , y n p e f l c r a B e K o je c y cx B aT Jb H B e h npH X B aT JbH B e fla T o j K yjiTypn. X e p M e c o b o 3 a B e u r r a i b e JyHr c aacH M a c jie f le h o M o n acK O M : " B e HHTe HCTHHe T p a * e HOBeKOB o f l r o B o p K o jn c e M eiba c a fly x o M B p e M e H a " (Jung, C.G., CW 16, n a p a . 396).

fla

o H a H H je c a M o M aTpH U,a * H B O T a , H e c B e c H a M a-

TpHU,a p a i ) a j y h e r

Ja, H e r o

h y p o 6 o p o c K o jn t o h c t o

Ja

n p o a f lH p e , a o c o 6 y yBOflH y n c n x o 3 y , CMpT h j i h c T a ib e o n c e flH y T o c T H . BejiHKa MajKa j e n o n y T K n 6 e j i e K o ja yB JiaH H c H H a -Jb y 6 aB H H K a y p o flo c K p B H H 0flH 0 c , a 3a y 3 B p a T Tpa>KH o fl H > era, K a o 3 a J i o r J b y 6 aB H , 4 > a jiy c . C a M O K a c T p a u n ja , y o b o m c j i y n a j y , H e n p e flC T a B Jb a H H iu T a f l p y r o flo a c p T B o n p H H o n ie ib e B JiacT H T e M o h n

Ha o j i T a p

n p o > K flH p y h e 6 o rH H .e M a j K e . )K p T B O B a ib e M

4 > a jiy c a h / h j i h B J ia c T H T e M acK y jiH H e M o h n , x o M o c e K cy a jiH H M y u iK a p a ij; n o c T a j e m h t c k h x e p o j K o jn j e 3ap o 6 jb e H y BeHHTO (n pH C H JiH O ?) n o H a B J b a ib e p o f l o c K p B H o r a p x e T H n c K o r o 6 p a c i ; a , K o jn h h H a K o jn H a h h h H e BOflH y o 6jiH tiaBaH >y ncH X 0c e K c y a JiH 0r 3 p e j i o r H fleH T H T eT a h H HflHBH flyai;H jH . H a M e c T O 0 3 H p n c a , A T H c a , J],HOHHca h j i h EflHna, K o jn H H cy y CTaH>y fla n p e K H H y peneT H T H B H H c h m 6 o ji h m k h n a T p H ijH fl h j i h n o H H iU T a B a ib e o fl c T p a H e M a j K e , r e j M y u iK ap u ,H h e HM aTH BHU ie K opHCTH yKOJiHKO H>HxoBe n e p c n e K T H B e 6 y f ly y o 6 jiH lie H e h B o ^ e H e n o r jie f lH M a ap x eT H n c K H X CHHOBa n o n y T Hcyca XpncTa h j i h XepMeca. J J o k n p B H o 6 e 36e t) y je ncH X 0Ji 0iu K 0 c n a c a B a i b e Ou,a: ,,He m h c jiH T e fla caM

flouiao fla

p a 3 p e u iH M 3 aK O H e h n p o p o K e ;

H H ca M f l o u i a o fla p a 3 p e u iH M H e r o

fla H cnyH H M (JeB. n o M a T e j y 5 :1 7 ) , H 3 6 a B J b a jy h n r a THM e u i t o r a n p e B a 3 H J ia 3 H , flO TJie f l p y r n H e B a c n o c r a B J b a h o b h M a -

242

243

JIHTEPATYPA
1. Tacey D. J. (1997): Remaking M en: Jung, Spirituality antl Social Change. London: Routledge. 2. Samuels A. (1993): The P o lv tk a l Psvche. London: Routledge. 3. Cashford J. (1998): Reflecting Mirrors: Ideas o f PersonaJ and Archetypal Gender. H arvest, V o l.4 4 , N o. 2, 105-118. 4. Walby S. (1990): Theorizing Patriarchy. Oxford: Blackvvell. 5. Hopcke R. H. (1989): Dorothy and Her Friends: Symbols o f Gay M ale Individuation in The Wizard o f Oz. Quadrant, XXII: 2. 65-77. 6. Hillman J. (1983): lnterviews. N Y : Harper and Rovv. 7. Burr V. (1998) G ender an dSocial Psvchologv. London: Routledge 8. Kulkarni C. (1997): Leshians and Lesbianisms: A Post-Jungian Perspective. London: Routledge. 9. Monick E. (1987): Phallos: Sacred lm age ofth e Masculine. Toronto: Inner City Books. 10. Jung C.G. (1966): The Practice o f Psychotherapy.C W 16 Princeton: Princeton University Press. 11. Ricoeur P. (1981): Paul Ricoeur: Hermeneutics and Human Science. (Priredio) J.B. Thompson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

IIC H X A ,

M H T ,

IIA T O C

H M a r H H a J i H a n c H x o jio r H j a 3 a n p e f l M e T n p o y H a B a i t a H M a H a j f l y 6 j t e o 6 p a c i ^ c n c H x n i i K o r (f>yH K ijH O -

flyuie k o j h y n p a B jta jy

1975.), T j., a p x e T H n o B e h j i h K o p e H e n o r J i e f lH M a Koje H M aM O o c e 6 n h c B e T y . O c o 6 e H a j e 0 HT0Ji0uiKa f l a T o c T a p x e T H n o B a ;

H H c a H .a ( H i l l m a n ,

K a o n o jM O B H o h h c y j a c H O o flp e ije H H , a n n a K , n o fle-

(jjHHHI^HjH flfejIHMHHHO Cy HeOflpeflHBH H OTBOpeHH.

TeniKo
B H fleT H ,

hx

je

o 6 ja H H T H h j i h o m c ^ h t h , H e M o a c e M o h x c ji y n a jy m o jk c m o

AOflHpHyTH, p e h n K aK B H c y , y K a 3 a T H npcTOM

H a h>hx. cTB ap h

H a j6 o jte M

r o B o p H T Ho
apxe-

T O M e n e M y c y H a jiH K . A p x e T H n j e M e T a ( J ) o p a , a H e C T o r a j e c B a K H HaMHH p a 3 r o B o p a o T H noB H M a n p e B b ^ e i t e c je flH e M e T a c ^ o p e H a

A pyry

( h c t o ) . H h c m o y C T a i t y # a K a a c e M O uiT a o h h a o c j i o b h o npeflCTaBJt,ajy, a o n e T , c A p y re c T p a H e, H e M oaceM o n o p e h n f la h x H e A o a a i B j t a B a M o fla

6 h j i o K o jo j o 6 jia c T H

HaiuHX acH B O T a. C B a K H p a 3 r o B o p o itH M a H aB O flH H a c

roBopHMo Ha n o c p e ^ a H OBe

h M e T a (J ) o p H i ia H HaM H H; f la

h x o n a a c a M O h flo > K H B jta B a M o K a o n p e ^ c T a B e c jiaH T a 3 H je . H M a r H H a jiH e n p e ^ c T a B e

cy

c n p o B H M a-

HCTOBpeMeHO, HajcaBpuieHHjH n p o H 3 B o j j A y m e , Te c y K ao T a K B e y nojyeflH aK oj MepH ochobhh canHHHTejtH ncHXHMKor CH BO Ta H HajnOBJiamheHHjH HaM HH KOjHM M O a c e M O y n o 3 H a T H flymy. Je fl;H 0 C T a B H 0 , H e M a H H M e r och o b H H je r o ^ h . h x . C b 3 K h oceT k o j h c e jaBH y HarneM T e j i y ,
T e p n ja ji o r K o ra je caT K aH a n c n x a h , CB3KO H a u i e o n a a c a i t e O H o r a h i t o c e f l e u i a B a oko

C B eT y

Hac, liaK

CBaKO H a r n e p a 3 M H U iJ ta H .e

n p e flc ra -

B a M a M o p a c e n p B O H C K 3 3 aT H K p o 3 c ^ a H T a j H j e A y m e ,

244

245

o h h o c h o , M o p a n p o h n K p o 3 ncHXHMKy o p r a H H 3 a u n j y ^ a 6 h c e y o n u i T e ,,o A H r p a jio . C B aK O n o jeflH H aM H o p a 3M aT paH >e h j i h o c e h a H > e j a B J t a c e K a o ix c h x h m k h f t o r a t j a j T a K o h i t o c e n p B O o 6 p a 3 y j e n p e flC T a B a 4>aH -

T a3H je Tj., ap x e T H n c K a n p e flC T a B a . rio H c e T H h y B a c H a

J y H r o B e peM H : C B aK H ncHXHMKH n p o i j e c j e n p e ^ c T a B a h n p e a c T a B J b a f t e , a p y r a M H je c B ec T H e 6 h h h n o c T o ja jia n o c T o ja H > e

(Jung, CW 11, 1969.). Oh f l o f la je : ,,E [c h x h m k o je je ^ H H a K a T e r o p n j a n o c T o ja H > a o K o jo j

HMaMO H erro cp eflH o ca3HaH>e j e p H HiHTa H e M o a c e 6 h t h c a 3H aTO ^ k o j i h k o c e n p B o H e jaB H K a o n cn x H M K a n p e f l cT aB a ( h c to .) . A p x e r a n c K e n p e A C T a B e c y sine q u a n on 6 h j i o k o t

oSjiHKa cBecTH; H iT aB H in e , o H e c y h c t h h c k 3 rp a f rja ncHXHMKe peaJiH O C TH . C b c c t K o ja c e n o M a j b a H3 ncnxe npOHCTHM e H3 H>HX H Ha3HB3MO j e H M arH H aJIH a HJIH a p x e T H n c K a cBecT. A p x e T H n o B H y c e 6 n c a A p a c e . KOJieKTHBHO o 6 e jie c je : n p B O , n o M o h y h > h x M0*eM0 c a K ynH TH p a S H O p o ^ H a JIHMHa 36HBaH>a H OTKpHTH CMHcao h n y 6 im y y h>hm3, Ha HaM HH kojh npeBa3HJia3H Hame y c T a J b e H e HaBHKe h n o c T y n K e . J J p y r o , n o c p e j j CTBOM a p X eT H n O B a M O>KeM O OTKpHTH 3ajeflHHMKy, noBe 3 y jy h y h h t K o ja c e npo B JiaM H K p o 3 n c n x y o f l p e ^ e H o r
n ojeA H H ir,a h H CTOBpeM eHO, K p o 3 CBe Jbyp,e c b h x B p e M eH a

U lT a j e t o i u t o a p x e T w n c K a n c H x o jio rn ja M o * e fla n p y x H caBpeM eHoj e T H o n c H x o jio rH jH ? O ^ ro B o p je KpaTaK: oH a Moce pa n p y x n ,,o 6 p a c ije noHaiuaH>a, yHHBep3ajiHe canHHHTejbe cTpyKType A yuie, n o K p eT a n e Ka ojjpeijeHHM pa^H>aMa , yKpaTKO, apxeT H noB e K a o HOCHOi^e CBeyKynHor n c n x H M K o r > k h b o t 3 c b h x jby^H CBeTa. A pxeTH noBH cy aH T ponojiouiK H h KyjiTypojiouiK H c^eH OM eH H , T a K o ije flyxoBHH h p e j i n TH03HH n o TOMe u i t o TpaHci;eHAyjy HCKycTBeHH CBeT BpeMeHa h n p o c T o p a . CeTHMO ce, o h h ce cnoHTaHO H cnojbaB ajy h y ncHX0 n aT 0 Ji0 UiKHM CTaH>HMa JbyflH h rp y n a . Ilp e M a MHiujbeH>y K . T . J y H r a c H>HMa M opaM O nocT ynaT H B pjio naacjbHBO, c a jjy>khhm nouiTOBaibeM , aK o h h 3 6 o r M era f lp y r o r a OHjja 3 6 o r o n a c H o c T H o a uciuuHKe UHcjbeKHicje K ojy H oce y c e 6 n (Jung, CW 7, 1966). JJa 6 hcm o Ha eJiy BHjjeJiH uiT a apxeTH ncK a n cH x o jio rH ja M o * e j^a n o H y jja eT H o n cn x o J i o r n j h , n o cTaBHMo j o j HeKa o f lp e ^ e H H ja nHTaiba: 1. JJa j i h K or H apo^a? nocT ojH o c o 6 e H H h c h x h m k h CKJion H e k o jh

2. 3.

A Y

ko

n o c T o jn , H a

HaM HH c e

k o jih k o

j e y T B p t) e H , y

K O JieK TH B H H M , y H H B e p 3 a JiH H M * a jn M a ?

HcnojbaBa? KaKBOM j e o ; j H o c y ca ncHxojiouiKHM cajj;poppe-

npocT opa.

riocjiy>K H M O c e y T y C B p x y f l y m o M j e / jH o r

f j i e p a H o H3 a p x e m n c K e n e p c n e K T H B e , n c H x o J io -

t j e H o r H a p o n a - c p n c K o r ; 3 a p 0 H H M 0 y n y 6 H H e H > ero B e ^ y m e h n 0 K y u i a j M 0 jr,a H a n p H M e p y T o r H a p o j j a n p H K a a c e M O y K aK B O M c y o A H o c y n c n x a (v |;u -/'n ), H>eHH

r n j a j e n p e C B era OHTOJiorHja f l y iu e , K o ja j e 3acH O B aH a

Ha ap x e T H n o B H M a . I I o i u t o o B a n c H X O Jio rH ja p a 3 M a T p a
A y 6 n H y A y iu e H a H a jc y 6jeK T H B H H joj, T p a H c u e H fle H T H o j

a p x a n ( a p x a i ) h e r a o c (e G v o c ;). H a p a B H o , o h o i u t o y o b o m p a ^ y c jie jjH H e h e 6 h t h C B eo 6yxB aT H H , u ejio B H T H npncT yn, h h th

HejiH M H oj paB H H ,

C M aT pa fla jih m h o n o H a i u a i b e

npoH CX op,H H 3

oHor

i u t o j e c OHe c T p a H e JiHMHor,

OHa

Rerajba h

n p H K a 3 n c H X H M K o r C K J io n a #a npy-

c p n c K o r H a p o jja . M o j npoyM aB aH >y n c n x e K o jn

u,HJb je c K p o M a H , * e j i H M
h

y cn o cT aB Jb a npaB H fio z o c n c n x e . Y

c p e flH iU T y OBe

* h m M e T o ^ o j io u i K H o K B H p

a p x e ra n c K e n c H X O J io r H je y

ncHXOJiorHje

j e f l y iu a ; a H>eHe a p x e T H n c K e f ly 6 H H e

cpncKor H a p o f l a ,

p,a na

npH M epy

n p e B a c x o p e n o Jb H M a H o 6 j i a c r a M a y K o jH M a c e O H a
M oace H cn o jb H T H .
x o jio rH ja .

noTHMe

H3 6 a u iT H H e

cpncKe

M H T O J io u iK e K y ji-

JJa 6 h

o A r o B a p a J ia c b o m n p e ^ M e T y apxeT H ncK a

T y p e , n p H K a a c e M H M a rH H a J iH y n e p c n e K T H B y a p x e T H n cK e n c H x o jio rH je y n p o 6 jie M a .

ncHXH - ncHxojiornja

M o p a 6h t h

ncn-

npoynaBaH>y e T H o n c H x o J io u iK H X

246

247

3anrro caM ce onpenejiHO 3 a mht24 h KaKBe Be3e oh HMa ca ncHxojiouiKHM oco 6 eHocTHMa cpncKor Hapofla? Pa3Jiora HMa BHiiie h HaBemhy caMO HeKH ofl h>hx: Kao npBo, kojickthbho HecBecHO oahocho apxeTHnoBe MoaceMo fla HcnHTyjeMo y chobhmb, BH3HjaMa hjih MHTOJiornjH, mTaBHme, apxeTHnoBH ce cacToje 0 3 ^ u i u o n o u i K U ^ M o u i u e a hjih npaHCKOHCKHX npeflcTaBa (Jung, CW 8,1968). IlomTO ce y obom cjiynajy He 6 aBHMO HHHBHAyaJIHOM nCHXOM, Beh KOJieKTHBHOM HJIH HaHHOHaJIHOM (yKOJIHKO OBa nOTOHa nocTojn) ocHOBHe o 6 pacu;e ncHXHHKor (|>yHKijHOHHcaH>a MopaMO noTpaacHTH y mhtobhm3 flaTe 3ajeflH H ije cpncKOM Hapofly - flaK Jie Ha MecTy rfle ce ncnojbaBa o i m r r e hjih 3 ajeRHHMKo. flpyro, mht ce o 6 paha iichxh, H>oj flo 6 po no 3 HarHM a flparHM jesHKOM, HeHHM e n a c u iu u i u M j e 3HKOM - MeTacfjopoM. 'BaH6 aTHCTa Bhko Kaace fla je MeTacJjopa mht y MajioM, KpaTKa K aaca . OmTpoyMHH h MamTOBHTH M HCJiHJiai^ Hac yHH fla cy Meracjjope BHrne H e ro HaHHH Ha K ojn r0B0pHM0 h Ha KojH ce H 3paacaBaM O , OHe cy HaM HH Ha Kojn onaacaMO, ocehaMO h nocTOjHMO (Vico, 1982). M htckh je3HK je eMOijHOHaJiaH, flpaMaTHMaH, MyjiaH, c|)aHTacTHliaH, CTpaCTaH Hje30BHT. Tpehe, mhtckc MeTa<J)ope ca>KHMajy npomjio h caflanifte; npomJio je yBeK npHcyTHO y caflamHbeM, a caflauiKbe yBeK H3BOflHBO H3 n p o u iJ i o r . Y MHTy ce ry 6 e rpaHHi^e H3 Met)v jihmhot h H aflJiHHHor, a H>eroBa H3 BopHa CHara JieacH y choco 6 hocth fla cjeflHHH cnoJbauiH>e h yHyTpamH>e, fla BHflH yHHBep3ajiHO y nojeflHHaHHOM, TaKO fla CBaKa npeflCTaBa, HMe hjih CTBap H3 CHBOTa jeflHe jihmhocth, Kafla 6 uBa floacHBJbeHa mhtckh, nonpHMa yHHBep3aJiHo 3HaneH>e h BpeflHOCT, a CBe ancTpaKTHe yHHBep3ajiHje, BejiHKe Hfleje o JbyflcKoj cyfl6 HHH cy, ca flpyre cTpaHe, npncyTHe y oco 6 eHHM flejiaibHMa KOHKpeTHe jihhhocth. Y mht24 M h t oflpet)yjeM Ha c jie fle h n HaHHH: M h t j e npnM a HyMHH03H0r K ap aK T ep a, K oja je H acTaJia fle jia ite M KOJieKTHBHe / o6jeKTHBHe ncH x e h HCKa3aH je MeTatjiopHHHHM h chm S ojihm khm je3HKOM; npHM. B.B.n.

c K o j n e p c n e K T H B H m h o n a a c a M o 3H aneH > e h o c o 6 e a H e o 6je K T e h cT B ap H . , , y h n y m h t 3 H aim n p e n o 3 H a T H c o n c T B e H o KOHKpeTHO n o c r o ja H > e K a o M e T a c j)o p y , K a o CBoj CTBeHO H c n o ib a B a H > e MHTOBa. Jom jeflHOM h y noh o b h t h p e H H p o flO H a n e jiH H K a a p x e T H n c K e n cH X o j i o r n j e : M h t c k o j e c n e K y jiy M n c H x o J io n i K o r , H >eroB o f l p a 3 c O H e c T p a H e JiH H H o r. M h t n p y c a o 6jeK THBH H acneK T c y 6jeKTHBHHM 3H aneH >H M a y h c h x h h k h m f l o r a ^ a jH M a .. .M H T O Jio rH ja H e M o a c e a fla H e 6 y f le M e T a n c H X O J io r n ja , H e o n x o flH a y 6 h j i o k b k b o m o h t o j i o u i k o m o n n c y n cH X O Jio rH je. UIto fly 6 ji>e yjia3H y C B oje 6 n h e , n c H x o J i o r a j a c B e B H m e n o c T a j e m h t c k 3 (Hill-

m an, 1978).
H e T B p T H p a 3 J i o r flejiOM n p o n c T H H e H3 n p B a T pH , a fle n o M H3 c a M e n c H x e c p n c K o r H a p o f la . M H T O Jio m K a 6 a m T H H a c p n c K o r H a p o f l a o6HJiyje o c o 6 eHHM m o THBHMa ( M H T O JioreM H M a) h oflH o cH M a o c o 6 a K o je c y n o B e 3 a H e H eK O M p a flH > o M (M H T e M H M a ). y h n y c p n c K e MHTOBe 3H 3H H 3 a H a c - n p e n o 3 H a T H H a m e k o h k p c t h o n o c T o j a i t e K a o M eT acf> ope, K a o m h t c k o O flH rp a B a ib e . n p o a c H B j b a B a ib e c o n c T B e H o r M HTa H e 3 H a iiH H a n p o c t o npo>K H B JbaB aH >e j e d n o l M HTa.

To

n o f l p a 3y M e B a fla

c e j k h b h M u iilc K u ; t o n p e f l c T a B J b a m u u i c k o M u e / b e t b e

(Hillman, 19 7 5 .)

3anaM T H M O , m h t c k o

r o B o p n k c ik o f la acH B H M O ,

n ep cn eK T H B a, n o rjie fl, a H e n p o rp a M . Beh m i u a c e 3 6 H B a y n c n x H h

je n p e c B e r a M ht H aM H e

k o c y h o c h o h h M H TCK e paflH >e. O h h H a n p o c T O yKa3yjy H a HeBHflJbHBO 3 a J ie i) e K o je y H aM a n o K p e h e H M a rn H ai^H jy, no6yf)yje H a c fla H3HOBa n o c T a B jb a M O HOBa n H T a ib a , H a ro H H H a c f l a H fleM o cB e f l y 6 j b e .

Koja j e

OCHOBH3 M eT O fla K o jo M c e K o p n c T H a p x e -

T H n c K a n c H x o j i o r n j a y n p o y iiaBaH >y h c h x h h k h x 3 6 h BaH>a, y o b o m c j i y n a j y y n p o y n a B a H > y M H TO B a?

H>oj

j e H a n o c p e f l a H HaMHH B e h p e n e H O y yB O fly, a c a f la j e B p e M e h fla j e H M eH yjeM - p e n j e o MeTOflH K o jy 3H aM o n o f l HM eHHM a K a o m r a c y : e n n c T p o c J je , r p . ( m o -

ipocpfj), K a fla
rico rsi, y

je y n o T p e 6 jb a B a JiH H e o n jia T O H H H a p n : y ii e i b y T>. B. Bmca; T a BHJi (A. Kop6eH) y

cy

cy<J)H3My. ,,3H aH > e c B e r a H a c T a je c JiH H H o m h y , n o -

248

249

p y n y je H3M F I jio th h ; y o b o m c jiy n a jy c m ih h o c u i ce oflHOCH Ha H flejy fla o h o u i t o c e KOHKpeTHo H cnoJbaBa y HHflHBHflyajIHOJ HJIH KOJieKTHBHOj nCHXH H a J IH K y je

r p o 3aoBHMa apxeTnncK H X c jih h h o c t h y KojHMa k o h KpeTHH ncHXHHKH flo ra i)a j Hajia3H cBoje MecTO, n o CTaje cx b 3 Tji>hb, H y * H o c e o fln rp a B a , h Ha K oje c e yBeK M o x e ,,noBpaTHTH . A pxeT H ncK a c ji h h h o c t je H aj 6 o jb e ocjiHKaHa y MHTOBHMa y KojHMa apxeT H ncK e o c o 6 e Ha K oje caM J a h b jih k h o 6 pacijH K oje J a H cnojbaBaM HMajy cBojy n o flJio rv " (Hillman, 1 9 7 5 .) R icorsi h jih n o B p a h a j, n p e o K p e T a ib e j e MeTofl h jih m o c t K ojn noB e3y je jeflHo 36 n B aib e c a iberoBOM npeflCTaBOM, n c n x h h k h n p o rje c c a iberoBHM m h to m , naTK ,y flym e c a HMarHHajiHOM MHCTepHjoM K oja c e TaM o H 3 p a* aB a . O B a MeTOfla HMa flBe npeflHocTH. n p B O , T e p a H ac Aa H3HOBa y n n p e M o n o r a e f le Ha c^eHOMeH: Ha o h o i i i t o ce flOHCTa floraJja, flo H cra TBpflH, flo*H B JbaB a iim t caiba, j e p c e jeflHHO n o flp o 6 HHM HcnHTHBaibeM flaT o r 36 h B aiba M O xe o t k p h t h K ojoj Ofl 6 pojHHX apxeTHncKHx KOHCTejiauiHja flaTH flo ra i)a j HajiHKyje. f l p y r o , e n n CTpo(|)e K ao MeTOfl yBeK OTnoiiHH.y nHTaibeM: K o jn (K oja, Koje) ofl MHornx. O b h m c e H anyiiiT a n o jeflHHaHHH eKcnJiaHaTopHH rip n H n n n , MaKaKO fly 6 oK e, H 3flH (|)ep eH ii,H p aH e 6 a J ie H>eroBe cJ)opM yJianH je,jep o h rrpy>Ka ncuxn M oryhH ocT fla H cnojbH cBojy npnpoflHy p a 3H 0JiHK 0CT. ,,E nncT poc})e noflpa3yM eB a B p a h a ib e H a M H oro 6 p o jH e M 0 ry h H 0 C T H , c ji h h h o c t h c a npeflCTaBaMa K oje He M ory 6 h t h OMei)eHe yH yTap njeflHor CHCTeMaTCKor o n n c a 11 (Hillman, 197 9 .). R icorsi j e n e p cneKTHBa, HMarHHajiHo ra e f la ib e , c a rjie flaB aib e caflamibHX H C T opnjckhx 36nBaH>a m h tc k h m H3pa3HMa h MHTOBa TeKyhHM HCTopHjcKHM floral)aibH M a. y ncHX0 Ji0 m K 0 M CMHCJiy enncTpocJ)HMHH MeTOfl c jiy * H fla c a fla m ib a 36HBaH>a pa3yMeMO y CBeTJiy H>HX0 B0 r a p x e TH ncK or 3aJiel)a. y o c h o b h OBe MeTOfle j e n o K y m aj fla ce K po 3 HMarHHan,Hjy BpaTHMo BHmHM npHHi^HnHMa fla 6 h c m o cxb3TH jih HH>Ke npiiH H H ne h oflpeflHJiH hm OflTOBapajyhe MecTo - yKpaTKO universuli fantastici ( 4 )aHTa 3HjcKa o n m T o cT , T:>. B . B h k o ) m h t 3 , H>eroBo

bchho Bpahaibe o KOMe roBopn Bhko y cbo)hm ,,HaHeJiHMa HOBe HayKe He npeflcTaBjba HHiiiTa flpyro flo noKymaj fla ce MeTacjropHHKHM je3HKOM H C K a * e cymTHHa OBor ncHXHliKor npoijeca - fla ce noHamaibe hjih 4>aHTa3Hja jeflHe oco6e (hjih Hapofla) npH6jmace apxeTHncKHM JiHKOBHMa h npoi^ecHMa; fla ce cbckojihko noHamaibe h cjjaHTaanja Kao MeTacj)opHiiHo H3pa*aBaH>e. Hckojihko BeKOBa nocne BHKa, MHcao oBor apxeTHnojiora n 0H0BH0 je Ha cBoj HaHHH h K. T. JyHr:u yMecTO fla H3BOflHM O Te c|)Hrype H3 Haumx ncnxhhkhx CTaiba, MopaMO H3BecTH Hama ncHXHHKa cTaH>a H3 th x (j)Hrypa" (Jung, CW 13,1968.).
I I lT a fla H a c b h a h m o H a JiH ijH M a H a m n x c y r p a ija H a , u r r a M yu,aBO m a n y h y jeflH H flp y rH M a , i i r r a o c ji y m K y jy , m T a h m c e f l o r a t ) a .

He

n y je M o j i h fla 36o p e o

H 3flajH , o M o ry h H M n p o r a i b a ib H M a , HeKH c T p a x y jy ofl oflM a3flH , flpyrn c y o n e T fle n p e c H B H H , a T p e h H M a x h h t o C JiaB e. M ecT O c e r o B o p n

f l e o 6 a M a , flH (J)epeH -

U H ja ip ija M a , c r p a x y o fl K p B o n p o j i n h a , T yi)H H aM n o CTynu,H C M pfle H eH O B jem T B O M , HeKH c y c n p e M H H fla c e a c p T B y jy , a

flpyrn 6 h

fla n p H H o c e >r<pTBe.

Bpjio

ne-

c t o H aM c e H aM efve, H 3 H y T p a o fl H a c caM HX a h c n o j b a

ofl f l p y r n x ,

H M irepaT H B o n p e f l e j b e i b a .

Ho,

H H je j i h HaM

cB e o b o n o 3 H a T O

ofl

H e r f le , H e r 0 B0 pH M 0 j i h , H e >kh-

b h m o j i h , H e o c e h a M o j i h , H e C T p ax y jeM O j i h , H e 6 o Jiy jeM O j i h H e n H je T_vi)e p e n n , > k h b o t 6 , o c e h a i b a , c T p a x o B e h p a H e ? K o j i h k o c y o b o n c n x H H K a C T a ib a H a m a , k o j i h k o T y { )a? H am n jih h h h

Bnhe

fla j e h je p ,H o h

flpyro.OBo

c y cB e

n p o 6jieM H , a jiH H C T O B peM eH O h H afl-

j i h h h h , KOJieKTHBHH caflp>K ajH . P e H j e fla K Jie o a p x e TH ncK H M c a f lp a c a jH M a K o jn c e o T e J io B jb y jy y H am H M H fle ja M a , cH M nTOM H M a, n o rJ ie flH M a h o c e h a ib H M a . n o m T O H H je p e n H CK JbynH B o

o HauiHM j i h h h h m

c a f l p * :a -

jH M a, B e h ap x e T H n cK H M , o H fla M o p aM O H a c K a o j i h h h o c t h , h ncHXHHKy r p a i ) y . o fl K o je c m o caT K aH H , fla y 3 B efleM O H a H a m e a p x e T H n c K e o cH O B e. H M a rH H a JiH a n c H X O Jio rH ja c M a T p a fla c e o c h o b h c H fle je , o c e h a i b a , naTH >e f l y m e H C K a3yjy K p o 3 j i h h h o c t h

250

251

- X e p o ja , M ajK e, Bajia, JJeT eT a, Myflpaqa, M 3flajHHKa, Oija, x p T B e H o r Japua, Puera - h K po 3 M Hore A pyre, 6 p o jH e h o c o 6 eHe npoTOTHnoBe k o jh cy aK T epn npHlia o 6 oroBH M a h xepojH M a. O b h jih k o b h cy KopeHH MeTa4>opa, o h h npoiKHM ajv o 6 pacu,e h ocHOBe H a m e r MHiujfceH>a ajiH h H am n x eM oijnja, 6 ojiecTH , n e p c n e KTHBa h cehaHa. Ilo c jiy a c H M o c e enHCTpot|)HiiHOM MeTOflOM h y 3BeflHMo H am e KOMnjieKce, cHMnTOMe h jih Hfleje HauiHM m h tc k h m npei^HMa. H>hx MoaceMo H a h n y 6 pojHHM npHHaM a h necM aM a cp n cK e MHTOJiouiKe 6 auiTHHe, ajiH 3a OBy npHJiHKy n 0 T p a * H h e M 0 c ji u h h o c l u ca apxeTHncKHM jih k o b h m 3 h cHTyau;HjaMa mhT a o K o c o b c k o m 6 ojy. Kojn caflp>KajH ifpeoB Jiai)yjy y K o c o b c k o m m h Ty? K y ^ a H a c Bofle? HecHTH a a CBenpo>KflpjbHBau, M y p a T TpaacH 03 necTH Te rn a B e Jla3apa fla n o fle jie H apcT B O . ^iecTHTH KHe3 rp o 3 H e cy3e poHH n p e fl B em h y o yu,eH H , n p H K y n j t a BojcKy 3a ofljiyMaH 6 oj h n p o KJiHH>e oH e K ojn H e y3My y n e m h a y 6 hu,h. 3aTHM, necTH To K0 JbeH 0 6 HBa c y o iieH o c a jo m je^HHM n p o 6 jieMOM, c o H o r a cBeTa 6 oxaHCKH r jia c r a cTaB Jta y HOBa HCKymeH>a - KOMe h e ce npH B O JieT H uapcTB y? Y B en e n p e fl op(cyHHH 6 o j KHe3 Ha 6 e t)y je c B o ra 3eTa M n jio m a 0 6 H J in h a fla h e ra cyT pa ,,H a n o jb y paBHOMe H3flaTH a h u ;e jiy cpncK y CTBap. Bjepa h H eB jepa M n Jio m Ha6 ei)y je B yK a BpaHKOBHha 3a OBy cpaM Hy p a 6 oTy. CpncK H y x o fla KocaHM nh H BaH , Ha 3aKJiHH>aH>e cB o ra n o 6 paTHMa M n jio m a , npHKpHBa (naacH o npeflcT aB Jba) cTBapHy M oh H e n p n ja T e jta . Y caMOM 6 o jy cBe nJiHBa y KpBH, 6 pHTKHM c a 6 jbaM a c e o flc eijajy rjia B e H enpH jaTeJba K oje cpncKH BHTe3 flBa n o flBa Ha K o n jte Ha 6 Hja . F Io F Io jlv YflecHOMe Ha cBe c T p a H e Jieace M pTBH, ocaK aheH H , paH >eHH H oce CBoje o flc e n e He pyK e, ApyrHMa ce BHfle K po3 p e 6 p a 6 eJie ijH repnu,e. K ocoB K a fleBojKa n p e B p h e KpBaBe jyH aK e h T p a * H ,,TpH B0jB 0 fle 6 ojH e , K a^a h x n e H a t)c y >KHBOTy, n p o KJiHH>e caM y c e 6 e. JeflHOM flpyroM aceHCKOM JiHKy (aceHH M y c n h O recjjaH a) y CHy c e yK a 3yjy KouiMapHH caflp>KajH K oje TyMaMH K ao 3HaMeH>e HeyMHTHor n o -

p a 3 a . MajKa Jy ro B H h a n o n y T B H Jie j i e r a Ha n o j b e K o c o b o y noTpa3H 3a m p tb h m CHHOBHMa, a Kafla h x Hai>e H>eHO TBp^o c p ije (cK aM eiteH o ?) joj He fla p a hx

oacajiH, TeK Ka^a joj y KpHJio KpBaBH raBpaHOBH 6aije

pyK y H>eHor AaM jaHa, H>oj h e c p ije n p e n y h n . Kao m ro b h a h m o , ncnxa ce k o p h c t h oco6eHHM MeTatJiopHHKHM j e3HKOM K ojn j e ReTajbaH, yneHaTJbHB h KOHKpeTaH y onHCHMa m h tc k c paflH>e. B o jiecH e o c o 6 e h CHTvannje - ocaK aheH H jy H an n , pacKOMaflaHH H e n p n jaT e jb , KHOKeBa rjia B a K oja JiyTa p a 3 6 o jH u rre M , oKpBaBjbeHe 3Ji0CJiyTHe nTHn;e, H 3aaja, jb y 6 o M o p a BaHOBHh CTpaXHH>e, BH3Hje h c h o b h HcnyH>eHH H aju;pH>HM cJiyTH>aMa, A e n p e c n ja , napaH O H R H O H a 6 e t)H B aibe Apyrnx pa cnp eM ajy ypoT y, n o p H ija ib e onac h o c th , fle o 6 e - HMajy H3pa3HTy CHary K o ja ocTaBJba Ay 6 oKH yTHcaK Ha Hac. Pen je o o c o 6 eH oj m u C uou a u io jio z u ju . AyTeHTHHHOCT h ynenaTJbHBOCT o b h x MeTacJjopa h (|)aHTa3Hja 6 ojiecTH He noTHHe H3 n p n p o ^ e B eh H3 ncHxe; oB ^e ce He paflH o A ocJioB H oj, Beh o HMarHHajiHoj 6 ojiecTH h naTOJiornjH. Hnje p e n o ncHXOjjHHaMHijH aKTyajiHHX hjih n p o mjiHX 36nBaH>a, teeh o m htckhm jiHKOBHMa h pa^ib aM a K oje cy BeHHe MeTacj)ope HM araHaijHje. J cahho y m h TOJiornjH n aT O Jio raja HMa o ^ r o B a p a jy h e oraeflajio, j e p m h to b h ro B o p e hcthm nopeMeheHHM, cj)aHTacTHh h h m je3HKOM (Hillman, 1985.).
A ok cB ecT H . O je y M yK aM a K o je j o j np H H H H > aB a n a T O J i o r a j a , n c H x a c e n o B p a h a ( r i c o r s i ) H a m h t c k h o 6 jih k 0 B 0 M e H aM r o B o p e n c H x o a H a J iH 3 a h a H a JiH T H H K a n c H X O J i o r a j a . P e n j e o p e r p e c n j H e r a H a M a -

rn jc K H , npHMHTHBHH HHBO cj)yHKI^HOHHCaH>a OHHOCHO

p e n je o a b a is s e m e n t

J u n i v e a u m e n t a l . H n j e caMO p e n o

B p a h a i b y H a n p H M H T H B H H je HHBoe cj)yHKi^HOHHcaH>a 3 a p a f l 6 e K C T B a o g p e a J iH O C T H , B e h h 0 n o K y m a j y a a c e O T K p H je f l p y r a p e a jiH O C T y K o j o j h e n a T O J i o r a j a H M aT H

h o b h C M H cao. H 3 a p x e T H n c K e n e p c n e K T H B e r jie a a H O ,

M H TCK e M e T a c j) o p e HHcy e T H O J i o r n j e , y 3 p 0 H H 0 o 6 j a m i b e i b e , H 0 3 0 J i 0 m K e j e a m n m e , O H e cy n e p c n e K T H B e K o j e H M aM O 0 36H B aH > H M a, a jiH caM e n o c e 6 n HHcy

252

253

36 HBaH>a. O H e HajiHKyjy florai)ajH M a, 'iHHe h x cxBa-

TjbHBHM, ajiH c e caM e HHKafla HHcy o a n r p a jie . H a jonacH H je j e Kafla m h to b c cxb3T hm o # o c jio b h o je p ,,jiHTepaJiH 3 aM c n p e n a B a MHCTepHjy c y * a B a jy h H m horocT pyK y flB0 CMHCJieH0 CT 3HaHeH>a Ha jeflH y flecjjHHHipijy (H illm an , 19 7 5 ).

T aK o HMa CBoje c o n c T B e H e H eH 3M epHe fly 6 n H e K o je HHHe fla H a u ie 6 o J i e c T H 6 y a y cyuiTHHCKH HeflOKyiiHBe

(H illm an , 1980).
r i c H x a H e Mo>Ke n o c T o ja T H 6 e 3 n a T O J io r n j e , a jiH p e a J iH o c T n c H x o n a T O J io rH je M opaM O oflB ojH T H o fl t o r a K a K o j e TyMaMHMO h u iT a c a h>om m h h h m o . E o J ie c H o H H je h c t o i u t o h n o r p e u f f l o . H e n o flJie a c H M o M eflHi j h h c k h m h p e jin rH 0 3 H H M 3 a 6 jiy fla M a K o je p a th o s H3je flH a M a B a jv c a 6o j i e i u h y h r p e x o M . I l o m T o j e n a T O Jio m K O , n p B o h o c h o b h o , n p e flC T a B a h j i h <J>aHTa3H ja , a H e 6o ji e c T , c a H>HMe c e M o p a M o c y c p e c T H K p o 3 H M arH H a jiH o M H m jbeH >e. a H e K p o 3 k j i h h h m k o cyi)eH >e. I l o m T o j e ria T O Jio rH 3a n H ja n p B eH C T B eH o n c n x o j i o -

PaHHje caM H a n o M e H y o fla apxeTHnoBH y ce 6n Hoce onacHocT ofl ncHXHHKe HHtjjeKi^Hje, cafla bhahmo fla je OHa npncyTHa h y mhtobhm3. ApxeTHnoBH orhocho pa 3HOJiHKe apxeTHncKe c H T y au ,H je, HAeje h jihkobh Hoce y ce 6n infirm itus. naTOjiornja mhtckhx (j)Hrypa h 36HBaH.a - infirmitas apxeTHnoBa - 03H0 CH0 cyniTHHCKa HeMoh, 6 ojiecT h cJia6 ocT ,,o6p a3aija noH a m a H > a noflpa3yMeBa HCTOBpeMeHO aa ohh ,,HHcy caBpmeHH, T p a H c ije H fle H T H H hjih HaeajiH30BaHH, h aa cTora npy * ajy n e z y JbyacKHM cTaibHMa: ohh cy npnxBaTajyha ocHOBa y Kojoj Hauie jihmhc naTH>e Mory aa H afjy noapuiKy h aa 6 yay 36pHHyTe (H illman, 1985). HoBeK je y HCToj M e p n cJiHKa E o x M j a , BepaH oapa 3 6orHH>a, hhm<|>h, B H J ie ib a K a , xepoja OHfla Kafla ce CMeje, paayje hjih *pTByje, ajiH h Kafla Jiyflyje, Kafla ce MyHH hjih Kafla je 6yaajiacT. IIo u ito HauiH m htckh
npenH

uiKa p e a J iH o c T , o H a T p a a c n n c H x o jio m K H yBHfl. I I c h x o j i o u i k h n p H C T y n yB eK oTnoM HH>e h c t o m n p eM H C O M : c B a K a (J)aH T a3 H ja r o B o p n H em T O o f l y u m 6 e 3 o 6 3 H p a H a c a f lp a c a j (j>aHTa 3H je (H illm an , 1975). r i c H x o n a T o J i o r n j a j e a p x e T H n c K a n p e flC T a B a h t o 3HaMH fla n c n XHMKa 6o ji e c T o c T a je apxeTHncKa K a T e r o p n j a n o c r o j a i b a , H e 3aBHCHa o fl c B o jH x c a f lp a c a ja . E e 3 o 63H p a m T O c e o f l p e ^ e i b a h c h x h h k h x o 6o jb e n > a M en > ajy o fl K y jiT y p e flo K y jiT y p e , H3 e n o x e y e n o x y , H M a ra H a ijH ja n a T O J io r n j e c e H e n p e K H flH o o flB H ja. C a f lp a c a j 6onecTH c e M o a c e M eib aT H , a jiH r a H e T p e 6a 6p K aT H c a caM O M K a T e r o p n jo M .

c b o jh m

H B O T H M a H c n o jb a B a jy

infirm itas,

jeflHa cTa3a im itatio D ei BOflH Kp03 6 oJiecT H cJia6ocT. H>om ce vnpaBO 6 aBHMO y obom paay. Ajih, 6 yflHMO onpe 3HH, H fle ja o 6 ojiecTH apxeTHna H H je h cto iu to h apxeTHn 6ojiecTH. OBaj noToibH apxeTHn je cBojeBpcHH cpTBeHH japau, Ha HHja njieha HaTypaMo (npojeKTyjeMo) cBy naTOJiornjy, fla 6 h cbh ocTajiH npBoo6 pacu,H flejioBanH fleBCTBeHO mhcto. HacynpoT OBaKBoj nepcneKTHBH apxeTHnojio3H cM3Tpajy fla je naTOJiouiKO caiiHHHTejb rpatje CBaKor apxeTHna, fla CBaKH ofl h>hx HMa cBoje 6ojiecHe, a 6 HopMajiHe, ocaKaheHe h j i h H3BHTonepeHe M 0ryhH0CTH. CMpT je npncyTHa y cBaKOM apxeTHny - X phctoc yMHpe p a3aneT Ha KpcTy, JIa 3apy oflceijajy rjiaBy, MajijH JyroBHha cpu;e nyqa Ha flBoje, MypaT Jieacn pacnopeHe yTpo6 e. ,,Cb 3KH apxeTHn H M a CBoj nyT KojHM BOflH y CMpT H 254

H y m a je cymTHHCKH Be3aHa 3a naTH>y, no p eM eh a j, 6 ojiecTH h o c o 6 c h o c t h . JJ,aBHo Hac je TOMe HayHHO 4 >pojfl: H ecB ecH o heM o flOKyMHTH caMO y naTOJiomKOM M aT epnjaJiy ( F r e u d , S.E. 4 ). n c n x a m oa c e nocTojaTH 6 e 3 TyMaMeH>a h C B p craB aib a y K aT erop n je , aJiH He h 6 e 3 CBojHx naTH>H. ria T o c (TtGog) Ha rpMKOM n p e cB era 3HaHH flo ra lja j, flo>KHBJbaj. HCKyc t b o , M0 ry h H 0 CT fla ce 6 yfle noK peH V T h f la ce n o K p eh e , fla ce 6 yfle n o K peT an. IlaT O Jiom K o n o K p e h e ncH xy h m TaBHm e, n c n x a He n o c T o jn 6 e 3 n a T o jio rn je . I la T o jio rH ja j e n p o ije c a He cT aibe, T e HMarHHajiHa ncH X ojiorH ja HaMecTo CTaTHHHor H3p a 3a naT O Jiornja K opacTH H3p a 3 uauioA ozii3an,iija. I lo f l naTO JiorH 3aip jo M OHa n o flp a 3yMeBa: ,,AyTOHOMHy c n o c o 6 HocT

255

n c a x e fla CTBapa 6 o ji e c T , H e 3 f lp a B o c r , n o p e M e h a j , H eH opM aJiH O CT h n a T H .y y 6hjio kom a c n e K T y C B o r

noHamanba; h floCHBJi>aBaH>e h 3aMHmjbaH>e XHBOTa K p o 3 obv y H a K a * e H V h 6ojihv n e p c n e K T H B y (Hillman,

1 9 8 5 ). J e f la H f l o r a i ) a j , n o M H orH M a n p e c y a a H 3 a n c x o # M H TCK or 6 o j a H a K o c o B y , n o c e 6 HO j e H a 6 n je H n a T o jx o rH 3H paH H M caflp> K ajH M a. P e n j e o ii3 a ju . C y flH O h h h h o B e a p x e T H n c K e c H T y a ip ije c y K H e3 J l a 3 a p , B y K B p aH K O B H h h M h j i o h i O ^ H J iH h ; n p e M a jie re H flH , B e 3 e
h > h x T pojH B te c y B p jio 6 jiHCKe h 3a n e q a h e H e u,pKBeHHM o p e flO M B eH H anba - B y K h M h j i o i i i c y J l a 3a p e B H 3e -

t o b h . O flH o c H OBe T p o jH ije 3acH O B aH H c y H a n o B e p e n > y , OMHHCKoj j b y 6 aBH J I a 3 a p e B o j n p e M a CBojHM fly XOBHHM CHHOBHMa H H aC JieflH H U H M a. A j i h o h o m T o m h t n o p y ii y j e j e h t o # a HHje 6 a m c B e m h c t o h y3B H m e H o M e i)y o b o m ro c n o flO M . J I a 3a p h e y 6 o j y 6 h t h H 3flaH 03 c B o r cp o flH H K a , o fl o H o r a n p e M a KOMe r a j n H ajA y 6 jb e n o B e p e i b e ( 6 a 3HMHo n o B e p e i b e ) . I I o B e p e H>e h o c h y c e 6 n h c e M e H e n o B e p e i b a , J l a 3 a p B e p y je

Hehe flaH ac 3anjeBaTH n n je T a o flOK ce TpH nyT He oflpeM em fla Me n o 3 H aje m JIk. 22: 34). C )B a yMHOaceHa H3flaja HMa cB or ncHXOJiomKor CMHCJia, OHa boflH HcnyH>eH>y O H ora u i t o je Beh n p e fl 0flpei)eH 0 - Pacn e h y , KpcHoj CMpTH h B acK pcy. M o t h b H3flaje j e caflpacaj K ojn JieacH y caMOM cpeflHiHTy xpHmhaHCKe MHCTepnje. n o n y T H cy co B e cyfl6HHe h Jla3apeBa je n p e flo flp e ^ e H a h n p o a c e r a naTOJiorH3au,HjoM. n o n y T Jloroca h Jla3ap acaJiH 3a BeMepoM h i t o h e 6 h t h H3flaH, floacHBJbaBa aroH H jy h ro jiro T y y n o jb y , MyneHHHKH yMHpe h noTOM BacK pcaBa, 6HBa n p e o 6 p a * e H n o c jie H eT pneceT JieTa. Ho, M o*fla je BajKHHje ofl CBera m T o cy y o bom c j i y n a j y aKTepH H3flaje, KaKO o h h i h t o c y H 3flaT H , T3KO H H3flajHHU;H, HCKJbyMHBO MyiUKU JIUKoeu, a t o h h h h fla je o b o M yunca MHCTepnja.
iuy. Oko
K a K B e o n a c H o c T H p a i ) a H 3 fla ja ? Kao n p B o , ocee3 a oko, 3y6 3 a 3y6, y f l a p a i ; 3a y f l a p a ij , H e BOfle

H HHeM y f lp y r o M e flo n 0 H 0 B H 0 j o c b c t h h h o b h m 3aB afla M a. C B ejeflH O j e fla j i h OHa c jie flH H e n o c p e flH O h j i h j e o f ljjo a c e H a , y 06a c j i v 'i a j a O H a j e n c H x o jio u iK H H e n p o fly K T H B H a. Ako je o flJ io a c e H a , n p e o 6 p a h e H a y h h flH p eK T H e M e T o fle K O B aib a 3aBepe, c n J ie T K a p e ib a , ,,n e K a ib a H a k p h b h h h o H a noHHH>e fla ,,M H p H u ie H a 3Jio h H a ro H H H 3 fla T o ra , K o jn 6 h c e c b c t h o fla npHCHJiHO T p a a c H M o ry h H o c T H y K ojH M a h e c e c b c t h t h . O b h m M y c e c y c a B a jy norjieflH , 3J10 K ojH M c e c n j a fla c e ocB eT H y f la jb a B a jy r a h H>eroBHX 3H aneH > a,

B y K y , a c v m h > h m h h H a 6 e t) y je M n J i o m a . l l o B e p e i b e h M o r y h H o c T H 3 fla je H a c T a jy y h c t o m T p e H y , h > h x o b 3 B e 3a j e t o t o b o H e p a c K H flH B a , TaM O r j j e B jia fla n o B e p e i b e y HBpcre B e 3 e , pH 3H K H 3 fla je M O * e A a c e H 3 p o flH y CTBapHy o n a c H o c T . JJpaM aTHHHH 3 a n ji e T H a KHeiK eB oj BeM epH h H >eroB O p a 3 p e m e H > e y caM OM 6 o jy H a r J ia m a B a jy c p o flH o c T B e p e h cyMH>e: t b m o r f l e B jia fla B e p a , cyMH>a c e ja B J b a , TaM O r f l e u ,a p y je H e n o B e p e i b e , B e p a H H n e . JJ,oasH B Jbaj H 3 fla je , H a n y m T a H > a , n p e B a p e , H 3H eB epeH H X o n e K H B a ib a H H je HCKJbynHBH c a jjp jK a j

a BOfle

je H cn y n > eH h onofl c})eHOMeHa H 3 fla je H 3flajH H K y - o c o 6 h K o ja ra

je H3flajia h fbeuoj CeHUH.

0 B0r

m h t 3 ( y H>eMy j e n p n c y T a H y o flH o c y B aH O B H h O rp a x H H > e h H > ero B e j b y 6 e ) , B e h h 6 p o jH H X f l p y r n x .

I l o c j i y * H M o c e m h t o m o H c y c y X p H C T y h M eTOflOM aM n jiH (|)H K a i^ H je H 3 fla je .

n o c ji e f l H > H M acH H c y c o B a 3eM H a a cH B O T a H c n y H>eHH c y H 3 f la jo M . T p n n y T T a H3fla jy : n p B o J y f l a , n o T O M

Hpyra o n a c H o c T J ie a c n y uopunaH>y K a o M e x a HH3M y o f l6 p a H e . Kafla c m o H 3flaTH H e u iT o H a c H a ro H H fla n o p e K H e M D c B e B p eflH o cT H H 3 fla jH H K a , fla y H>eMy BHflHMO c a M o H > eroB y ceH K y . Ha n o c e 6 aH HaHHH cB e
M p aH H o h n p Jb a B O m T o BHflHMo y H>eMy je K O M neH 3 a u n j a h j i h eH aH T H O flpoM H ja n p eT X O flH e H fle a JiH 3 a U H je.

H a r jia c H M o

apxeT H ncK y

0 CH0B y

y cH y jiH y iieHHi^H, a H a K p a jy h y r a o H H K aM eH H p K B e n e T a p (m T a B H m e , n e T a p r a c e T p n n y r a o flp H M e :

Jom nory6H H ja je T p e h a onacH ocT - u,uhu3om - h ncH xonaT H ja Koja Jieacn y ib e ro B o j o c h o b h . Pa3onapaHH jby6aBHHK, nojiHTHHap, cjiy>K6eHHK, n p n jaT eJb 257

256

h j i h M y * H e caM O fla MeH>a c t h b o 0 H 0 M e k o r a j e H3 H e B e p H o h H 3 f la o B e h T a j c r a B y o n u iT a B a . 3 a H > era j e c a f l a c B a J t y 6 a B J i a a a i a , CBa n o jiH T H K a n p j i a B a , CBaKH n o c a o H 3 p a 6 jb y jy h H , c B aK o n p H ja T e jb C T B o J i a * H o h JiH ijeM epH O , a CBaK a * e H a 6 jiy flH H i;a . U(HHH3aM H cyMH>a y CBe o k o c e 6 e BOflH lie T B p T o j o n a c H O c r a u 3 a ju c c iM o ia c e 6 e . O T y i)eH > e o ^ c a M o r a c e 6 e n o c j i e H3f l a je , y B ejiH K oj M ep H HMa cj3yHKUHjy o f l 6 p a H e h 3 aiH T H T e. Je^H O M c y Me n p e B a p H J iH , BHUie HHKafla; H e h y HHKOMe a o 3 B o j i h t h fla M e n o B p e flH , o cT a B H H a u e flH J iy h j i h H 3fla . O a h o c h c a flp y rH M a c e n p e K H fla jy , B e 3 e p a c K H fla jy , H a n y u iT a jy c e 6 p a iiHH flp y ro B H , f l e u a , KyMOBH, n p n ja T e j b H , p a 3 B p r a B a jy c e c r a p H caB e3H , o p T a K J iy u ,n h j i h n o 6 p a T H M C T B a . O flp e K a B in H c e C B e ra , o flp eK JiH c m o c e c e 6 e h O H o ra i u t o jec M O , M o ry h H o c T H fla p a c T e M O h fla c e MeH>aMO. H a n o c J ie T K y , H a jn o p a 3 H H ja o n a cH O C T j e O H a u a -

je f lH H o p o f lH o r C h h 3 .

JIa3ap

B e p y je h J b y 6 n c b o t

3e T a

ByKa KojH ra
3ap

y 6 o j y H 3 fla je , aJiH Kpo3 O By J b y 6 a B h JlaH cnyH > aB a c B o jy c y fl6 H H y . K H e a c e B a a c p T B a j e

H y acH a h o c T B a p y je ce K p 0 3 H 3 flajy . A j i h K a o u i t o j e y CBaKOM n o B e p e H > y 3 aM e T aK H 3 fla je , t b k o j e h y c p u y C BaK e H 3 fla je 3pH O n p a u iT a H > a . H e M a npaBor n o B e p e ib a h h n p a u iT a ib a n cH X 0 Ji0 iU K 0 M p o fla H a,

6e3

o c T B a p e H e H 3 fla je .

0B 0M e

jie a c H o flro B o p H a nH TaH >e: k 3 k b o M e c r o H M a H 3 fla ja y

>KHBOTy nojeflHHua, H a p o f la , J b y f lc K o r yoniUTe? Ilopefl c b h x c B o jn x H eraT H B H H x C T p aH 3 fla ja , K p o 3 naTojiorH3auirjy - naTH>y, c T p a f l a ib e ,

CMpT - BOflH B a c K p c y h M o ry h H o c T H fla c e o c B e T a , n o p n u a i b e , u h h h 33 m , H 3 fla ja c a M o r a c e 6 e h n a p a H o H flH e o f l 6 p a H e H H T e rp H iiiy K a o n cK ycT B O y u c h x h m k h c K J io n j i h h h o c t h h H a u n j e . 25 K p o 3 o B a j o flJio M aK M HTa o K ocobckom 6 o j y n o K y u i a o c a M fla n p H k a> K eM k o jih k o j e n a T o n o r H 3 a u H j a H e o flB o j h b h f l e o n c H x e ( 6 h jio fla j e peM o n c n x H n o jeflH H ua, H au n je h j i h B acK O JiH K o r Jb y flC K o r p o f l a ) h k o j i h k o j e Hy>KHa 3 a f l y in y . M n T C K a n e p c n e K T H B a H aM 0 M 0 r y h a B a fla cxb 3 t h m o k o jih k o j e n a T O J io r n s a u H j a nyH O B acH H h n ^ H o n p a B H H o 6 jih k ncnxHM Kor H 3 p a acaB aiba. H ecB o flH B H M eTacjjopH M K H je3HK a p x e T H n cK e n c H X O J io rn je h n a T o j i o r H j e M o p a 6 h t h H cn H T aH , a H > e r0 B 0 3HalieH>e cxB aheH o Ha HMarHHaJiaH HaMHH. JeflH a 6H 3apH a, JiacflH B H a, M o p 6 n f lH a npeflCTaBa h jih 36H BaH >e H3 H a u ie r n c n x H M K o r acH BO Ta M o p a 6 h t h H c n H T a H a a jiH H e H3pa3HMa H opM H , K a T e r o p n j a K o je npOHCTHM y H3 (J)H3HMKe npHpO fle HJIH MeTacj)H3HMKHX H f le a jia , B e h H 3 p a3 H M a h H o p M a M a H M a rH H a u H je . C B a k h a p x e T H ii HMa C B oje n a T O J io u iK e T e M e , a cB aK H n a T 0 J i0 rH 3 0 B a H H floacH B Jb aj n o c e f l y j e o c o 6 e H y a p x e T H n c K y n e p c n e K T H B y . Je flH o c T a B H o , n a T O J io rH 3a n H ja MHTa j e Hy>KHOcT, j e p m h t H e 6 h n o c T o j a o K a fla H e 6 h 6 h j i o c a f l p a c a ja kojh h e r a flecjD o p M u caT n.

paH ou d na . H T y c e p a flH o 3 auiT H T H c e 6 e o fl M 0 r y h H 0 c t h fla noH O B O 6 y fle M H3flaH, n p e B a p e H h H a n y u iT e H . 3 a p a3 JiH K y o f l npeTX O flH H X c j i y n a je B a , c a f la c e m o b c k

6 p aH H THM e u i t o r p a f lH caBpiueH o flH o c . TaKaB o flH o c

T pajK H 3 aK JieT B y H a B e p H o c T h j i o ja J iH o c r . H 3 fla jc T B o c e flp acH n o f l k o h t p o j i o m TaK O u i t o c e o fl f l p y r o r a T p a a c H n o T B p f la , 3 a J i o r B e p H o cT H h n c K p e H o c T H ;

3a-

X T eB ajy c e flOKa3H BepHOCTH h n p H B p x e H o c T H . MHoro o h h x k o j h 6 h 3 a y B e K f la H C K Jbyne H 3 fla jy H3 c b o j h x CHBoTa flp a c e ce H 3peK e: ,,H e cM eui Me H H K afla H 3flaT H ! . H 3 f l a j a H e p a i j a caM O o n a c H o c T H , B e h BOflH h npO M eH H CBeCTH h 0 M0 r y h a B a flaJbH p a c T . H 3 flaja j e H CTOBpeM eHO H K peaTH B H H CTHMyjiyC. H 3 fla H H , CBeje f lH o fla j i h j e t o X p n c T o c , JIa3ap h j i h h c k o T p e h n , n o c j i e H 3 fla je M o p a H a HeKH HaMHH B acK p cH y T H , H an p aB H T H K o p a K H a n p e f l, n poT yM aM H T H h p a 3 y M e T H o h o i u t o c e fle c H Jio . Y o 6 a c n o M e H y T a MHTa o H 3 fla jn n p H c y T H a c y h f l p y r a flBa a p x e T H n c K a c a f lp a c a ja : jb y 6 aB h Hy>KHocT. K p o 3 H3flajy c e H cnyH >aB a c y fl6 iiH a , O H a j e Hy>KHa, a o n e T 3 acH O B aH a H a jb y 6 a B H . T o c n o f l Bor y HM e Jb y 6 a B H n p e M a JbyflCKOM p o f l y c p T B y je c b o t

IIlTa 3H3MH Kafla KaaceM o fla je n aT 0 J50rH 3 au,Hja HyacHocT? HMarHHaJiHa n c x o jio r H ja CMeinra Hflejy
25 JJeTajbHHje o MOTHBy H3flaje BHflH y J. Hillman

(1986): Loose Ends. Dallas: Spring Pbl.

258

n c H X 0 n a T 0 Ji 0 r H j e y H H 3 c J i o j e B a , jie c T H j e K O M nJieK C , y3B O flH 6 0 r 0 BHM a

oM OTana K oja H M a jy

3ajeflH H M K O j e 3 r p o ( K o p e H M e T a ^ o p e ) - y H y T a p 6 0 -

y
H

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ce oneT

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JIHKOBHMa.

B o jie c T H , H e f la h e h n a T b a y K a 3 y jy H a 6 o r o B e , a T a 6 o * a H C K a 6 n h a h bm c e j a B J b a j y K p o 3 j b e i t a h jih cM pT . o 6 o jb e ib a ; c o jia p H H M

MyMen.a, 0 6 0 -

JyHroBa M H c a o : B o t o b h c y nocrajiH 3eBC B H iu e He B J ia fla OjiHMnoM, B e h n p e

n jie K c y c o M , h c T B a p a H e o 6 HM He T H n o B e

K o j n n o c e h y j y J i e K a p c K e o p f lH H a H H je

(Jung, CW 13,

1968),

H a r o B e u i T a B a f l a H aM c e a p x e T p n c K H j i h k o b h

H aM ehy O H fla h x fly m e ,

c b c c t h n o c p e flC T B O M c n M iiT O M a . Y k o j i h k o

H aM c e O B a 6 o>K aH C K a 6 n h a j a B J b a j y ria T O J io rn s a u n ja m hhh

Kpo3 6 o J ie c T H ,
h v -"

H M aH eH T H H M h

x h h m , h c n p e M a n c a x y f l a h x flo M e K a . H 3 n e p c n e K T H B e

n a T O Jio ra ja h v b h a H H c y c y n p 0 T H 0 CTH, je flH O H e

M H T O J io r H ja cnacaB a 4 > eH O M eH e

H C K JbV M yje f l p y r o .

n a T o jio rn je , c B aK H a p x e T H n HMa c B o j e n a T O J i o u iK e T e M e , a c B a K a naTO Jionnca TeMa H M a c B o j y H M a r a H a ji H y

n e p c n e K T H B y . H y>K H O C T B J ia fla M e i)y a p x e T H n o B H M a j a m ht

caM je n p o ije c . Kaaca c e pa3BH ja h K p e h e , a H>eHH pa3HOJIHKH npHKJbyMU,H BOfle pa3HOpOflHHM MOryhHOcTHMa K oje o n e T BOfle y flp y re MHTeMe.JKafla c e HMaraHai^HjoM yi)e y 6o>KaHCKo apxeTHncKO je 3 r p o Hau ih x KOMnJieKca, m h MoaceMo 6 h t h H3JieMeHH o d o H o r UITO H ac MHHH 6 ojieCHHM UOCpedciUBOM OHOriUTO Hac m hhh 6 ojiecHHM . n p o 6 jieM ce p a 3p e m a B a K po 3 c o n cTBeHy apxeTHHCKy n,peflCTaBy, je p K po 3 4>aHTa3Hjy m h npoflHpeMO y apxeT H ncK o je s r p o , KOMnjieKca. Kafla oTKpHjeM h iioBe}3yjeM fla Moj cT pax, naTH>a, flenp ecH ja, n a p a H o ja , Jby 6 aB, c p e h a h jih flpyxejb_v 6 jbe HHcy caMO Moju , B eh yHHBep3aJiHH caflpacajH, fla cy Hy*HH, npHcyTHH KaKo y MojHM rip n jarejb H M a T a k o h y H enpnjaTejbH M a, KaKO Mel?y 6 oroBHM a, TaKo h Mefyy jbyflHMa, OHfla M ory ca H>HMa fla ce cycpeTHeM Kao ca flo)KHBJbajHMa. ncHX OJiouiKa B epa oTnoMHH>e Jby 6 aBJby npeMa npeflCTaBaMa Tt; HaM oMoryhaBa fla y n y H ohn flo>KHBHMo concTBeH y h Tyl)y e r 3HCTeHHHjy.

Hac

yMH H y jK H o cT H : B y K M o p a f l a H 3 f l a j e ,

M o p a f la c e

onpefleibyje

h fla

Ha6ei)yje

M itJ io m a

JIa3ap 3a

H 3 f la jy , a M o p a h f l a c e c p T B y je , M h j i o o i M O p a n a a o K a 3 y j e HeBHH OCT H a 6 o jH O M n o j b y , fla c B a J b y je K p H B H ijy H a B y K a h a a r a H e jyH aM K O M C M p h y . H h o c T a ji H CyflHOHHU,H K o C O B C K O r M H T a HH Cy JIHIUeHH M O p a i b a HyJKHOCTH.

CaMa n a T O J i o r H 3 a H H ja
M h tc m h T ac T H M H a h

n o c e # y je T e p a n n jc K y B p e 4>aH_

flH o c T j e p 0 M 0 r y h a B a n c H x o n o e 3 H j y ( T B o p e i b e f l y u i e ) . M H T O Jio reM H H H cy c a M o c T p a H a h

36HBaH>a,
u ito

B e h H a j6 o Jb H H 3 p a 3 H h

oflHrpa-

B a i b a 0 H0 r a x o jio ra je , je p

c e A p y ra M H je H e M o x e H CK a3aTH.

n a T O J i o r H j a ^ v u i e H H T e rp a J iH H j e h h v ^ k h h n e o n c H -

in firm ita s a p x e r a n a K p o 3 H a i u e k o m -

n j i e K c e j e c T e y n e j i o B j b y j y h H , H yacH H # e o n c H X H M K o r a cH B O T a . M h t c k c n p e f lC T a B e o c ji H K a B a jy H a u i a Jb y flC K a o c e h a r b a h K O M n J ie K c e h 0 M 0 r y h a B a j y

p,a c e c b c t o h

n p o c J a a H o c y c p e T H y , f la c e n o H a m a i b e 3flpyC H c a c b o -

jHM m h t c k h m 3HaMeH>eM. M h t H H je o n H C n p o n e c a , o h

260

261

JIHTEPATYPA
1. Vico, G. (1982): Naela nove znanosti. Zagreb: Naprijed. 2. Jung, C.G.(1966): Two Essays on A n ah tical Psvchologv. CW 7, Princeton: Princeton University Press. 3. Jung, C.G. ( 1968): The Structure an d D vnam ics o fth e Psvche. CW 8, Princeton: Princeton University Press. 4. Jung, C.G. (1969): P svchologv and Religion. CW 11, Princeton: Princeton University Press. 5. Jung, C.G. (1968): Alchemical Studies. CW 13, Princeton: Princeton University Press 6. Hillman, J. (1975): Re-Visioning Psvchologv, New York: Harper and Row. 7. Hillman, J. (1978): The Mvth o f Analvsis. New York, Harper and Row. 8. Hillman, J. (1979): The Dream cind the Underworkl. N ew York, Harper and Row. 9. Hillman, J. (ed.) (1980): Facing the G od s , Dallas: Spring Pbl. 10. Hillman, J. (1985): Archetypcd Psvchologv: A 'Brief Account. Dallas: Spring Pbl. 11. Hillman, J. (1986): Loose Ends. Dallas: Spring Pbl.

EBPOIIA KAO VAS HERMETICUM

K a^a ce c /i y iia jy

pa3M H iuiba o n p o S j i e M H M a y K p iir r a H > a

p a3 JIH H H T H X BHflOBa flpyU ITB C H O r

HfleHTHTeTa, y

OBOM

cpncK or h

e B p o n c K o r. M o ry h H x

ncH xono-

UIKHX, CO U H jajIH H X , eKOHOM CKHX,

nOJIHTHMKHX H Kyjl-

T y p H H X n p o H c x o f l a T o r y n p e f la H > a , y T H ij;a ja p a 3 H O J iH KHX eK C T pH H 3H H K H X H HHTpHH3HM KHX H H H H J ia ija , C B eCHHX H HeCBeCH H X n p o u e c a , H C T O pujC K H X H M O paJIH H X H M n J iH K a i^ n ja T a K B o r n o T X B a T a , M o p a M o c e T p e 3 H e r jia B e h H e n p H C T p ac H o 3an H T aT H u iT a y o n u iT e 3H aM o o H jje H T H T e T H M a e J i e M e H a T a K o j e a c e jiH M o j j a

crronHMo

y C B o je B p c T a H a M a J i r a M h j i h jeA H H > eu> e. H a f l a J t e , u i T a

caM n o j a M K y j i T y p H o r H fle H T H 're 'ra n p e n c T a B J b a y c a B p e M e H o j n c H x 6 j i o u i K o j JiH T e p a T y p H , y K aK B O M j e o f l-

HOCy c a eTHHM KHM H HaUHOHaJIHHM H fleH T H T eT O M , fla

j i h c e p a 3 B H j a h H a K o jH M n p n H u n n H M a ? n o n y T c B a K o r a J ix e M H jc K o r j e i j h Jh f l a c e

ouyca h

o B a j , y KOMe

cpncKH

K y jiT y p H H H fle H T H T e T y T o n n y

H >eM y H a f l p e ^ e H e B p o n c K H , 3 a x T e B a n o c T o j a H > e o f l r o B a p a j y h e r c a c y f la , rro c y fle , p e T o p T e , y K p a T K o

vas her-

meticum-a y

K O M e h e c e 6 y p H H n p o u ; e c o flB H ja T H .

p a f lO K c a j iH a n p n p o f l a a J ix e M H H a p c K e n o c y ; j e j e u i t o j e o H a H C T O B peM eH o h o 6 je K T c a k o jh m

riay TOM e
anxe H arn a

Mimap

p a f lH h c y 6 j e k t K o jH

ncejiu

npeo6pa3H. JyHr

j e H M ao f l o c T a M y K a a p a 3 y M e a ji x e M H j y ,

y K o jy

Jio rH K a H e M O * e n p o jjp e T H , K a o J ia 6 o p a T o p n jc K K

no-

CTynaK
H O M eH ...

K a o M e ^ H T a u H jy , n p n

n e M y O B aj

noToibH

n o ja M o f l r r o B a p a H M a r H H a u n jH K o j a j e ,,x n 6 p H f lH H <J>e-

nojia yxoBHa, nojia 4>H3HM Ka (Jung, CW 12, 263

262

1968, n a p a . 394). Taj HyAHOBara h T eniK o a o k v h h b h p afl aJixeM HHapa M o p ao ce , K ao u i t o caM H a n p e n p e K ao , o 6 a B H ra y cacyfly Kojn h e HMaTH nyflHOBaTa CBojcTBa. JyHr HaM npH^JiHacaBa 3axTeBe Koje je TaKBa n o c y fla M opaJia noceaoB aT H : HaKO HHCTpyMeHT...To HHje o6nH H a cn p aB a. 3 a aJixeM HHape cacyo je HernTo 3aHCTa BeJiHHaHCTBeHo: npaBH vas mirabile. I l p o p o HHu;a Mapnja Kaace fla ijejia TajHa Jie>KH y no3HaH>y xepMeTHHKe nocy fle. Unum est vas (jeflaH je cyfl), CTajih o ce HCTHHe. Oh M o p a 6 h t h n 0TnyH 0 O K p y r a o ... (c4>epHo h jih KpvacHo cTaKJieHO CTaHHiUTe) (Jung, h c to ., n a p a 338). Ha n p y ro M MecTy, JyHr H crane fla cacyfl M opa 6 h t h vas rotunclum, HHja ccJiepHHHocT flonapaBa k o c m o c . H o, n p n p o f l a cacyfla j e H3Hafl cB era napa^o K caJiH a; OHa je ca jeflHe cTpaH e bene clausum, xepMeTHHKH 3 a n e n a h e H a , a c a flp y re , nponycTJbH Ba nonyT CHTa, ao n y m T ajy h H fla cjDHHa M aT epnja 6yfle ecT paxoB aH a H3 H>e. OnH rjieflH O vas j e . HCTOBpeMeHO, 33T B O peH H O TBO peH . CjIHHHa CBOjCTBa HMajy Me6nv c o b npcT eH h KjiajHOBa 6 o q a je p h oBa flBa H M arnHajiHa npejjMeTa H3MHHy H am oj 3anaaH>aHKoj j io t h u h Koja BeHHTO nejiH cTB apn Ha n a p o B e cynp 0 TH0 c ra .
n c H x o jio m K o TyManeH>e ajixeM H H apcK or opus magnum-a y KOMe ce H3 prima materia-e H3flBaja quinta essentia h jih ultima materia flyryjeMO K. T. JyHry, K ojn je cMaTpao fla cnoMeHyra nponec He npeflcTaBjba h h m T a BHiiie flo HHflHBHayaijHjy h yu[eJioBJi>eH.e jih h h o c t h . ,n,pyraHHje p e n e H o , aJixeM HHapeBa p a 6 o T a npeflCTaBJta oco6eH H , y xepM eraH K H je3HK aaozjeHVT. nyT caM o ca3 H aB aH > a. o T K p n h a h HcnyH>aBaH>a b j i 3 c th th x 3ajio>KeHHX i^HJbeBa h y cn o cT aB jb aib a aAeKBaTHnjer h TpajH H jer oflH oca c a cnojbaim bH M h yHyTpamibHM CBeTOM, oflHocHO, BacnocTaBJbaH>a oflroBapajyher jih HHor HfleHTHTeTa. Kafla je p e n o nojejfHHiJ,y h H>erobom HHAHBHflyai;HOHOM nyTy, OHfla je c a c y o y KOMe ce oflnrpaBa n p o ije c npeo6pa)K eH >a H>eroBo BJiacTHTO JacTBO, K oje je caMO, MaKOJiHKO t o napaflOKcaJiHO 3By-

n a jio , HCTOBpeMeHo h caflpacaj K ojn c e TpaHCtJjopMHm e . H o ^ a jih je h c t o M o ry h e Kafla ce n p o ije c y 3Befle Ha paBaH r p y n e , t o jecT , fla jih EBpona M oace, fla 6 yfle HCTOBpeMeHO vas hermeth um y KojeM he ce OflBHjara n p o ije c cpncK e aKyjiTypau,Hje h /h jih M yjiraK yjiT ypaHHje, h caflpacaj K ojn he ce h caM n p e o 6 p a x a B a r a y n p o i;e c y KoibyHKUHje? ^ a K Jie , noljHMO ofl HfleHTHTeTa caM e E B p o n e . n p e M a MHTOTBopaHKHM Ka3HBaH>HMa E B p o n a 6 e ja m e n p e jie n a (|)eHHHaHCKa npHHU(e3a y K o jy ce 3a jb y 6 n o r o c n o fla p 6 o ro B a 3 eB c. j j a 6 h ocT B ap n o cBoj CTpacTHMa o 6 ojeH HayM OTMHije KpacHe OeHHHaHKe, npeTBopH c e y 6 e jio r 6 nK a HHjoj KpacoTH h J ie n o r a fleBa o f lo jie r a HHje M orJia. CaneKaBiHH fla My ce, H a H B H a, n o n H e Ha n e t)a , n p e o 6 pa>KeHH 6 o r c e cjypn y M ope h CBoj a n e H H o cam e cBe flo o 6 a jia k p h t c k h x , Te caMO ocTpBO h fleo C B eT a KOMe o h o np H nafla a o 6 h HMe n o H > ero B o j MHJbeHHiiH h H eB ecT H . n o u iT o j y j e o 6 jb y 6 n o , oTau, 6 o r o B a CBojoj jjparaH H fla fle H a flap jioBaHKo K o njbe K oje yBeK n o r a tja ijHJb, cKynou,eHH HaKHT h 6 p o H 3 aH o r flH B aT aJia (Kerenyi, 1985, 109-112). 3 a EBpony cycpeT ca TpaHcijeHfleHTHHM c b c t o m , ojiHi^oTBopeHHM y 3 eB cy , 6 h o j e MaH>e HyMHH03aH BHine nopaxaBajyhH h yH H *aB ajyhH , j e p ce flo:>KHBejia 3Ji0 CTaBJbaH0 M, 0 6 em H am h eH 0 M h cnjioBaHOM. H o yKOJIHKO CT3BHMO Ha CTpaHy H>eH Cy6jeKTHBHH flOSKHBjbaj, MHTonoeTCKa n p e fla ib a o H>eHOM cycp eT y ca 3eB coM He ro B o p e o CHJioBaH>y, Beh o o t m h h h h 0 6 Jby 6 jbHBaH>y. 3 a pa3JiHKy ofl CHJioBaiba rfle aceHCKo 6 nB a m n e n a H o , o t c t o ofl CTpaHe M ym K or H esH aH ^a h H enpH jaT eiba, HeBOJbHO noflBprHyTO c y p 0 B0 M ceK cy ajiHOM 3JiocrraBJbaH>y, o6jby6jbHBaH>e n o flp a 3 yMeBa fla j e OHa yxB aheH a h OTeTa ofl c rp a H e M ym K or Jby6aBHHKa Kpo3 3aH oc h eKCTa3y. J J o k cHJioBaibe HMa Be 3e ca KOMnneKcoM M ohn, flOTJie o6jby6jbHBaH>e CTojn y ycKoj Be3H ca Jby 6 a*BJby. PeneH O je3HKOM fly 6 HHCKe ncH x o jio rH je, ,o6jby6jbHBaH>e, 3a pa3JiHKy ofl cnjioB a-

264

265

H>a, n o flp a 3yMeBa H H TerpaqH jy HecBecHHX caflp acaja, Te yM ecTo noflHHH>aBaH>a ,,b h ih h m , ,,BehHM cHJiaMa (Tj. apxeran cK H M caflpacajHM a) flojia3H flo jb y 6 aBH or oflH oca h cnajaH>a c a H>HMa, i i i t o BOflH o 6 orahHBaH>y cBecTH. 06jby6jbH B aH >e c e Moace floacH B era, i h t o cBaKaKo HHje EBponHH cJiyiia j, caMO Kafla j e Ja flOBOJbHO cH a * aH cacyfl K ojn M O *e fla npHMH flHHaMHHKy eH ep r n jy K oja H3BHpe H3 HecB ecH or. T eK Kafla j e Ja flOBOJbHO jaKO fla fl03B0JiH fla 6 yfle flOBOjbHO c jia 6 o floJia3H flo n p e fla je h noTHHH>aBaH>a K oje BoflH n p e o 6 p aacajy . 3 a EBpony c y c p e T c a T p a n c m e H fle H T H H M c b c t o m
o c T a j e y 6 o j i h o ] y c n o M e H H , j e p j e H >eH a

p e n o 6nhy TaKBor cKJiona h flHHaMHKe, KaKaB ce 3axTeB nocraBJba npefl oHe KojH Kp03 n p o u e c noncToBehHBaiba Tpe6a fla ycBoje H>eH HfleHTHTeT? Moacfla heM o 6apeM HeKe flHJieMe o k o yK puiTaH>a h jih noflBO^eH>a jeflH o r flpymTBeHor HfleHTHTeTa n o f l f l p y r n pa3pemHTH ^kojihko ce no3a6aBHMo nnTaibeM oflpet)en>a K y jiT y p H o r HfleHTHTeTa. Y caB peMeHoj ncHXOJiornjH HfleHTHTeTa h cou,njajiH oj aHTpo-

nojiornjH cnoMeHyTH H3pa3 (KyjiTypHH HfleHTHTeT)

KopncTH ce K ao ey(J)eMH3aM h jih chhohhm 3a cthhm kh Ha^HOHaJiHH HfleHTHTeT, npH MeMy ce obhm n o toh> h m H3pa3HMa flaje npeflH ocT (Petersen et al. 1980; Sarbin and Scheibe 1983; Harris et al. 19 9 5 .). IlpeMa BapTy (Barth, 1969) h eH rJiecK O M coi^H jaJiH O M a H T p o nojiory EnmTajHv (Epstein, 1978), eTHHMKH HfleHTHt& t/ eTHHi^HTeT npeflCTaBJba Haflpet)eH nojaM KyjiTyph o m HfleHTHTeTy, j e p noflpa3VMeBa TakaHO npoyM aBaH>e cJioaceHHX cou;HjajiHHx h ncnxojiomKHX npoijeca KojH c e He y3HMajy y o63Hp Kafla ce 6aBHMo HCTpaCHBaibeM ,,o6HMaja , ,,o 6 p e fla h ,,K yjiType . JJaKJie Kafla r0B0pH M 0 o eBponcKOM KyjiTypHOM HfleHTHTeTy m h , y H aj6ojbeM cjiyMajy, Kpo3 c|)aHTa3Hjy npojeK T yjeMO y HeKy HMarHHapHy 6yflyhH ocT n o c T o ja ib e eBp o n c K e H annje Koja HMa jacHO oMet)eH HfleHTHTeT, KojHM ce KOHTHHynpaHO y BpeMeHy pa3JiHKyje ofl flpyth x Hau,nja hjih eTHHMKHX rpvna. y EBponn yMHTaBaMO o c o 6 e H e caflpacaje T o r HfleHTHTeTa, cn0C06H0CT caMoca3HaBaH>a, npeflaHocT 3ajeflHHMKHM i^HJbeBHMa
h jih

Ja

cB ecT H e-

c n p e M H a 3 a c y c p e T c a H>HMe. O f l 6 p a H y o fl n o 3 J ie f)y j y h e r h H e n p n x B a T jb H B o r n c K y c T B a , K o je p a J j a c T p a x h K pH B H ii;y. H 3 p a 3 H J ia j e 6 p o jH H M M e x a H H 3 M H M a o f l 6 p a H e - H a n p B O M M e c T y n o p H i j a i b e M h H fle H ra c jjH K a ijH jo M ca a r p e c o p o M . E lo p e K a B i ii H 6 h jio K aK aB c y c p e T ca a p x e T H n c K H M c b c t o m , o H a H a c e 6 e n p e y 3 H M a C Be

npe-

p o r a T H B e T p a H c i je H f l e H T H o r c B e T a , h o n o n i T o j e y c T a -

H>y c a M o f la r a o n o H a m a , o h o m T O M o c e f l p y r H M a f la n o H y flH j e c y 3eBcoBH flapoBH - y 6 q jH T O K o n jb e ( o p y x j e ) , K p a c a H H aK H T ( c n o j b a m i b H c j a j r H 3 f la B e

a ji H r f l e

nep-

c o H e ) h 6 p o H 3 a H e 3 a m r a T H H K e ( M o h H y T e x H O J io r H jy ) ; c y T y C T B a p H e B p e f l H o c r a K o j e H 3 B H p y H3 K O JieK TH B H O H e c B e c H o r . n p H M e p n u e , p e J iH r H 0 3 H 0 C T h M o p a j i ? Y k o j i h k o h m b m o H a y M y f la c T a J iH e n p n p o f l e , c a M o H M e p e H > H jy (K e re n y i,

je H 3 p a 3 H T o H e npeM a K . K e-

(Eupconri)

1985) o 3 H a li a B a ,,o H y M H je j e J iH ije

M e c e q o j iH K o , f la K J ie , 6 jiH C K a M e c e u ,y h c p o f l H a H>er o B o j n p n p o f l H , o H f la

npefl

c o 6 o m H M aM O 6 n h e K o j e , npoM eH e

n o n y T M e c e i j a h o h h x K o j n c y n o f l H > ero B H M y r a u a j e M , o f lJ iH K y je 0 f l c y c T B 0 K O H T H H y H T e T a , H a r j i e p a c n o j i o a c e i b a , f l e n p e c H B H e h cvH ijH flH e K p H 3 e , n p e 0 K y riH p a H 0 CT B ejiH K H M H a H 3 r j i e f l H e p a 3 p e m H B H M

nn-

T a ib H M a , H an aflH M a flo a c H B J b a ja H e o f l p e t ) e H o c r a , k o Jie 6 jb H B O C T y n p e fla B a H > y ijH jb e B H M a h B p e flH O C T H M a .

Bnhe

H aB efleH H X o flJiH K a c a B p e M e H H n c n x o J i o 3 H 6 h

k p c t h j i h f l H ja r H 0 3 0 M ,,flHc[)y3HH H fle H T H T e T .

A ko

je

H BpeflHocTHMa h cjihmho, a y HajropeM CJiyMajy, caMH ce6e o6MaH>yjeMo fla je eBponcKH HflHTHTeT aKTyaJiHa peaJiH ocT. Jl,pyraMHje peMeHo, eBponcKH KyjiTypHH HfleHTHTeT je XHnOTeTCKH KOHCTpyKT HJIH 4>hKU,Hja KOjH 6h Morao nocTaTH peajiHOCT vkojihko 6h nyH o ncHXocouHjajiHHX. MopajiHHX, hojihthm khx h eKOHOMCKHX MHHHJiai^a 6 h jio yflOBOjbeHO. IlomTO je peM 0 6npaHOM , a He o ,,flaTOM HfleHTHTeTy, oflhocho HfleHTHTeTy K ojn npe npeflCTaBJba oflpa3 BOJbe (MHje?) h acejb a (HHcJ>aHTHJiHHx?), flaKJie cBecHHX cTpeMJbeH>a, nHTaH>e je y KaKBOM oflHocy 6h o h CTajao

267

c a M ohH H M , acjjeK T H B H o o 6ojeH H M H ecB ecH H M c a f l p * a jH M a , K o jn c y yB eK n p H cy T H H y 06jiHK 0BaHy h H cnoJb aB aH > y eT H H M K or h j i h H a u H O H a jm o r H fleH T H T e-

p O flH H M C aH H H H T ejb H M a (nO30TH BHH M H H e ra T H B H H M )

oflroBopa

K o j n 0 T n 0 HHH>y p e H H M a , , M h c m o . . . , f la j i h

c e p a f lH o flaT O M H fle H T H T e T y h j i h o 6 n p a H O M , h c j i h h h o . A p y r a n p o 6 jie M , a B e 3 a H j e 3 a npeTxoflHH, oflh o c h c e H a B eH H T O n H T a i b e n c H x o j i o r H j e H fle H T H T e T a n 0 HCT0 B e h H B a H > e , c a K H M e h K a K O ? n a jy , fla j i h acenH M O h K O Jie 6 jb H B e uH JbeB e, Y H a rn e M c jiy fla j i h M0 p a M 0 fla c e n o n c H eflO B O JbH O

Ta. Jla 6 h 6 h o p eajiH O C T M o p a jy 6h t h yflOBO JbeHH c ji e f l e h n y c jio B H : n o c T o j a i t e e B p o n c K e H ai^H je MHjn h e c b h

MJiaHOBH M ohH fla f l e ji e 3ajeflH H M K y c y fl 6H Hy, fla y H CKycTBy n o f l e j i e 3ajeflH H H K a H au,H O H aJiH a 3 6 H B a H .a 6jia ro c T a H > e h H a n p e fla K , B p e M e f l e n p e c n j e h (|)H H aH CHjcKHX CJIOMOBa, p a T H M H p, fla H M ajy HCTe H aiJH O H aJiH e jiH f le p e , fly x o B H e n a c T H p e , fla H a h c t h h j i h cJiH H aH HaHHH flo>K H B jbaB ajy n p n p o f l H e K aT aK JiH 3M e, K JbyH H a 36HBaH>a y > k h b o t v n o p o flH U ,e h r p y n e ( p a i)aH > e fle T e T a , 6 p a K , o f lB a ja ib e o fl n o p o f l H u e , cM p T 6j i h -

T O B e T H M o c a H eK H M k o n o c e f l y j e flHcj3y 3 a H H fle H T H T e T ,

jacHO

0flpei)eH0

M h c t b o (rpynHO C a M C T B o ) , 0 flc y c T B 0 3 a c T y n H H H K e naTH>e, c a o c e h a i b a , H e f lo c T a T a K a y T e H T H H H e n p e f l a HOCTH U H JbeB H M a H B peflH O C T H M a HJIH K a O IHTO 6 h X a 6 epM aH C p e K a o , h c k h m ko je y M 0 T H B a u H 0 H 0j K p H 3 H h , y h c t o B p e M e , K p H 3 H J ie rH T H M a u ,H je

20bH X ). J ^ a H M ajy 3ajeflH H H K H je3 H K H BpJIO c p o flH e ,

a K o H e H C T O B e T H e , n o r a e f l e H a n p a B H e , eKOHOMCKe h noJiH T H H K e n p o n e c e , B p eflH o eT H , u,H JbeB e. f l a c e m o p a j i , m h t o b h h p e j i H r n j a H a f lp e ^ e H e 3 a je flH H u e H e c y K o 6jb a B a j y y npH JiH H H o j M ep H c a M o p ajiH H M h B e p c k h m o 6 p a c u ,H M a , o 6p e flH M a , H C T o p n jc k h m c e h a i b e M MaH>HX eTHHHKHX r p y n a h n o je flH H a u a , K o jn x e j i e fla c e y h y T K a jy y u m p y Hau,HOHajiHy 3ajeflH H iiy . A k o H a y M y H M aM o, n p H M e p n u e , aM epH H K o ncK ycTB O 6 H h e HaM ja c H o fla j e n p o u e c ,,pal)aH>a H a im je " 6o jia H , c y p o B , H e p e T K o H aM eTaH o fl ejiH T e c h jio m , o6e3B pel)H B aH >eM h j i h noT nyH H M noTHCK HBaibeM , n aK 33KOHCKHM 3 a 6 p a H aM a nojeflH HH X K yjiT ypH H x, o 6peflHHX p a flib H , M y3HKe, B ep o H cn o B ecT H h c j i h h h o

(Hajo u i

bermans, 1973)?
B pahaM ce M e T a c J jo p n

vas hermetk um-a

j e f l a H n y T . A K O -je c ac y fl M o p a c a flp a c a H o r,

EBpona c a c y g
M e ib a .

y K o je M T p e 6 a f l a f l o t ) e n o c y f lH , K a K a B

f l o H a i n e a K y jiT y p a u H je ,- t o n o B J ia n H 3 a c o 6 o m f l a h c a M

fla c e

Y H M a rH H a J iH o j
h

j e O B a j K O T J in h , H e M a r p a H H u a H3 M et> y

caflpacaT ejba h

vas rotundum-a

prima materia-e. Kafla j e caM

p e n o aH ajiH T H H K O M n p o u e c y , o f l J y H r a c m o H ayH H JiH fla f lo n p o M e H e y n a u n je H T y H e M o a c e f l o h n aK O T a fla c e ja B J b a T e p a n e y T H H je c n p e M a H f l a c e h 3jio > k h n p o M e H H ; T e K

iupehu

, K o jn h x o 6 o je ih to

o 6 yxB aT a h

(Harris, e t al. 1995).

npeo6paacaBa. n p e H e c e M o
B a H , c a 3 H a je M o f l a o h o

j i h o b o H a K O JieK T H B H y p a -

flaje

n jio fla y h h a h b h -

M h c j i h m fla j e u e JiH c x o flH H je fla y c M e p H M o n a -

fly a jiH O M T e p a n n jc K O M p a f l y , H e cj)yH K U H O H H uie H a B e hH M r p y n a M a . n p e M a H C T pa*H B aH >H M a

acH>y H a, n o H a c , r o p y h n n p o 6jie M - c p n c K H c t h h h k h
(H au H O H ajiH H ) H fleH TH TeT. IIlTa H aM c e H a M e h e K a o H M n ep aT H B , a lU T a ao H C T a j e c T e H a rn H M n ep aT H B -

Kpoca (Cross,

1995, 53-72),

n p o u e c a K y jiT y p a u n je h M e ib a ib a r p y -

n H o r H fle H T H T e T a H e K e M aib H H C K e r p y n e ye e K n p e f l -

H3rpaflH>a eTHHHKor

H fleH T H T eT a, 6H K y jiT y p a jiH o r / M y jiT H K y jiT y p a jiH o r H fleH T H T eT a h j i h e B p o n c K o r H fleH T H T eT a. H a K h K a fla 6h H a u i UHJb 6 h o fla c e y fle H e M O y e B p o n c K H K yjiT ypH H H fleH TH TeT c y fla p a M O c e c a 6a p e M flB a

CTaBJba je flH O C M e p H y n p o M e H y ( o n e - w a y c h a n g e ) . MaH>HHCKa e T H H H K a / p a c H a r p y n a T p e 6 a f l a c e o f l p e K H e C B o r H fle H T H T e T a , flOK c e o f l B e h H H C K e / H a f l p e t ) e H e , t o H e o n e K y j e . H a ^ c a J i o c T , M o p a M O 3 a K Jb y H H T H , f la n c H x o j i o u i K H c o (f)H C T H U H p aH H aH H H * e j i e th th f l p y r e , a f la h > h x c a M e t o

H3a

npo6jieMa.

C) 6a

HCToj

MepH

n p e f lc T a B J b a jy n c n -

O B O r a CTOJH nO JIH T H H K a M o h jeflH H X KO]H H a B e iU T H npeoSpaM a ib e . K o u iT a i h t o

x o j i o i u k h h eTHHKH n p o 6jie M ; y npB O M , c y o n a B a M o c e c a flHJieMOM fla j i h 3HaMO o f l r o B o p H a n H T a ib e ,,Ko c m o m h ? , fla j i h c m o c n p e M H H fla c e h o c h m o c a p a3 H O -

T a K B a n o f l B o je H o c T H a c a f lp > K a T e jb a ( o h o t k o H yflH h

268

269

3 a r o B a p a n p o M e H y T y i? e r H fleH T H T eT a) h c a a p a c a H o r ( o H o r k o T p e 6 a fla n p e H H a H H cB o j H fleH T H T eT h j i h n a r a 3aM eH H T yt)H M ) H H K aK o H e BOflH TBOpeH>y T p e h e r T j., c a c y f l H e M O *;e

Cyfl6nHa T B o p u a j i a K o r K O M afla, k o j h je c n o n e T K a B eK a n Jie H H o H > y jo p u iK y n y 6 jiH K y , 3aHHMJbHBa j e ; o fl B a T p e H o r yH H B ep33JiH C T e n o c T a o j e C T pacH H h ropjbHBH UHOHHCTa, aJiH H fle ja H3 BOflBHJba j e y M ei>yB p e M e H y nocraB Jb eH a H a B e h y n o 3 o p H H u y - u e j i o -

fla

H c n o jb H c B o ja n a p a flO K c a jiH a

c B o jc T B a T p aH C (J)o p M a i;H je . M H H i J t e i t a c aM , a n o f lp n iK y 3 a C B o je cT aB O B e H ajia3 H M

c a B p e M e H o j c o ijH ja JiH o j a H T p o n o j i o r a j H ,

KynHH 3eMJbHH u ia p - a penpH3e, c a f la B e h 6 e 3 a n - j i a y 3 a , ra e f la M O cBaKH flaH , n o H e K a fl y H 3B oJ)eibH M a h

caM H

ncH xojiorH jH HfleHTHTeTa r e ncH X 0TepanH jcK 0j npaK c h , fla n y T K a H H T e r p a u n jH y in n p H flp y u iT B e H H HfleHT H T eT M o p a noM H B aTH n p B eH C T B eH o H a y o 6jiH liaB aH >y B Jia c T H T o r eT H H H K o r / H a u H O H a jiH o r H fleH T H T eT a.

yMecTByjeMO.

OnoHauiaite

aM epH M K e ,,yH H B ep3aJiH C T H H K e y T o n H -

j e , o JiH H eH e y H fle ja M a X o p e j u i H a Enunpa (Horatio Alger) H P o 6 e p T a IlapKa (Robert E. Park), fla j e M o r y h e c a3 flaT H M ejiT H H r n o T y KOMe h e c e oflnrpaT H HHBapnjaH TH a h HpeBep3H6HJiHa a c H M H J ia u n ja c t h h h k h x h pacH H X r p y n a , M o a c e fla flOHece HCTe n jio flO B e K a o H CjeflHH>eHHM J],p>KaBaM a.

AyTopH

n o n y T rjia 3 e p a h

MojHHxaHa (Glazer and Moynihan, 1963), EnnrrajHa

B H J b e M a I l e T e p c e H a h M a jK J i H o B a K a

TeaK HyHa (Ki-Teak Chun, 1983), (Petersen et al. 1980), T e Xapnca, B J iy a h T pH cJjH Ta (Haris et al. 1995) HeflBOCM HCJieHo c y n o K a 3 a J iH Heycnex h n o r y 6 H o fle jKh

(Epstein, 1978),

c t b o yH H Bep3aJiH CTH M K e y T o n H je , a H>oj cy n p o T C T aB Jb a jy H flejy ,,K y jiT y p a jiH o r n jiy p a jiH 3 M a ( K h

TeaK

HyH) h j i h

K o c M o n o jiH T C K o r j i n 6 e p a ji H 3M a

(M. Ho-

B3k). H lT a B H iu e , y 3 ace6 H o cnpoB efleH H M C TyflH jaM a h

H C T paacH B aibH M a IJ. Jyxac (Juhasz, 1983), K h TeaK H y H h B . n e T e p c e H c y flo u iJiH flo C T aB a fla j e eTHHHKH H fleH TH TeT 'iH H H Jian Kojn n o B e 3 y je h ocna>Kyje j i h h h h

H O niH TeJbyflC K H H fleH TH TeT. A a H e 3a6opaBHM , Hfleja M eJiT H H r noTa je npey 3 eT a H3 HacJioBa B oflB H Jba
h ik o m k o j h ce fla B a o y H>yjopn o 3opHHiTy 1909. roflHHe. A yrap K O M afla, h m h rpaHT H3 EHrjiecKe jeBpejcKor nopeKJia, H 3paeJi U ,aH rB H Ji, x e jie o je fla c b o j h m BOflBHJbOM o f l a nouiTy BejiHKOM AjixeMHMapy (Kojn) c T a n a h cnaja CBojHM oHHUihyjyhHM nJiaMeHOM - KejiTe h JlaTHHe, CjioBeHe h TeBTOHUe, TpKe h CHpnjue (Petersen et al. 1980).

270

271

JIHTEPATYPA
1. Jung, C.G. (1968): Psychology and Alchemv. CW 12. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 2. Kerenyi, K. (1985): The G ods o fth e Greeks. London: Thames and Hudson. 3. Petersen, W et al. (1980): C oncepts o f Ethnicity. Cambridge: The Bolkamp Press o f Harvard University Press. 4. Sarbin, T. and Scheibe, K.F. eds. (1983): Studies irt Social ldentity. Boston: Praeger. 5. Harris. H. W: et al. eds. (1995): R acialan dE th n icIden titv. N ew York and London: Routledge. 6. Barth. F.(1969): Ethnic Groups ancl Boundaries. Boston: Little Brown and Co. 7. Epstein, A.L.(1978): Ethos and Identitv: Three Studies in Ethnicitv. London: Tavistock Pbl. 8. Habermans, J. (1973): Legitimation Crises. Boston: Beacon Press. 9. Glazer, N. and Moynihan, D.P. (1963): Bevond the M elting Pot. Cambridge: Massachusettes Institute o f Technology and Harvard University Press. 10. Ki-Teak Chun (1983): Ethnicity and Ethnic Identity. y 36 opHHKy Studies in Social Identitv , (eds.), Sarbin, T. and Scheibe. K.F. Boston Praeger 11. Juhasz, J. (1983): Social Identity in Context o f Human and Personal Identity. Y 36opHHKy nojj 6pojeM 4. 12. Cross, W. E. (1995): In Search o f Blackness and Afrocentricity: The Psychology o f Black Identity Change. Y 36opHHKy nofl 6pojeM 4.

BEJIEUIKA O ECEJHMA
Pafl O m o e e apxe[uuucKc u c u x o A o n tje " je n p o uiMpeHa h npepai)eH a Bep3nja TeKCTa k o jh ce nofl Ha3Hbom: ,,ApxeTHncKa T ep a m ija1 ' nojaBHo y 36opHHKy ricHXOTepanHje , npHpet)HBaMa rj,. CTojnoBa, y H3flaifcv 3aBOfla 3a yij[6eHHKe h HaeraBHa cpeflCTBa. Beorpafl, 2000. roflHHe. ,,3auuTto uM aunajiHa u a m o jio u tja ? je hobh M.naHaK Kojn je 3acaoBaH Ha TeKCTy M cuejbeifce h yueJioBJbeH>e, o6jaB JbeH or y 36opHHKy A H TponojiorH ja 6ojiecTH h 3flpaBiba . n p n p . M. T>ypHh-CpejHh h H. Xai,iH-HHKOJiHh. B eo rp afl. iKejiHHfl, 2000. h ripeflaBaiba .,3 a in ro HMarHHajiHa naTO Jiornja?" o;ip>KaHor v M h c th tv tv 3a MeHTajiHo 3flpaBJbe v jece a 1999. roflHHe, Kojn flo cafla h hjc oGjaBJbHBaH.
, , 3a o i i C uipeuH ,a y K y ju u y p u '' je o6jaBJbeH y 36opHHKy TaMHa CTpaHa jbyflCKe Ilpnpofle". ripnp. B. JoBaHOBnha, y ii3flaiby AoMa KyJi rv p e C tv a c h tc k h rpafl eflHHiija T pehn MHJieHHj vM. ii j Beorpafla. 1992. rofl., a OBfle je npn.rio:eH He3HaTHo H3MeibeH t c k c t . M o v ju lu , C a a p iu e n c it iG } ' i i a i i n<)x<uLaa I ly < ) o -

ciTiu " je npBH iiv t oojaBJi.eH \ Macoimcv KvJTTvpe M cToka", rofl. 6p. VIII, 1991. a OBfle je in.io/Kcn v npom n peH oj h npepai)eH oj Beprjnjn.
P a f l K o .u iko je ripoM ena npoM C H M H iaT \ nnje flo c a f la o6jaBJbHBaH. ajin je y cKpaheHOM o 6 jih k v 6 h o

M ajirn. na T e u iT a J iT n p o jie h a 2001. nofl Ha3HBO\i ,Js Change Chongcable? Arehclypal RevisioH3Jio>KeH Kao npeflaBaH>e n a
n c H X 0 T e p ain ijcK 0 M H h c th tv tv .

n i n g <>t P s v e h o t l i e r a p e u t i c i n i a g e s o f C h a n g e " .

273

 T lo jiu m im K a Y lc u x a u f lp e d c m a a e M c u io u o jm e

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Ha , n p n p .

B.

JoBaHOBHha, r y T e H 6 e p ro B a TajiaK CH ja,

Brji,. 2 0 0 1 h OB^e ce n o ja B J ty je y h c to m o 6 jiH Ky.

,,ncuxa, Murn u n a m o c je urraM naH y 36opHHKy ,,ETHoncHxojiorHja JJaHac . n p n p . B. JoBaHOB H h a, jJoM a KyjiType C tv a c h tc k h r p a a e,n;Hn;Hja T p e h n MnjieHHjyM 1991. rofl., a OB^e je flaT y He3H3THO H3MeH>eHOM o6jIHKy. Eepoua Kao Vas Hermeticum je pa/i, Kojn ;i,o ca^a HHje o6jaBJbHBaH.

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