Chapter 9 1) Explain the difference between static and dynamic biomechanics. Static is the study at rest or constant velocity.

Dynamic is the study while speeding up and slowing down. 2) What significant events happened during the Renaissance period that contributed to the development of biomechanics? Giovanni Alphonso, mathematical principles applied to human movement, lever system. EMG. Still imagining. 3) What are the two types of linear motion? Rectilinear translation and curvilinear translation 4) What is a biomechanical system of interest? The part of the body that is being analyzed 5) How are the three planes of the body (sagittal, frontal, or transverse) used to describe movements of the body? 6) How is a Cartesian coordinate system used in biomechanical analysis of movement? Used to quantitatively describe the movement of humans using a spatial reference system and standardized measurement. 7) Describe the steps involved in qualitative analysis of a soccer kick. 1) Identify the major question or questions of interest 2) Determine the optimal perspective(s) from which to view the movement 3) Identify the distance from which to view the movement 4) Determine the number of trials of the movements needed to formulate an analysis 5) Determining whether visual observation alone is acceptable or the movement should be recorded with a motion capture system.

8) Define the three types off mechanical loads: compressive force, tensile force, and shear force. Compressive force- force that tends to shorten or squeeze something, decreasing its volume. Tensile force- a force that tends to stretch or elongate something. Shear force- force acting on a substance in a direction perpendicular to the extension of substance. 9) How does mechanical loading cause the deformation of an object such as bone? Forces that act upon a body or object, including those from gravity, the muscles, and external to the body. 10)Why must clinical biomechanist understand how the body responds to a normal situation or movement? So they can use this information to set goals for recovery of injury and disabled individuals and help prevent injuries. 11)What is the difference between a clinical biomechanist and an ergonomist? Clinical is working with the injured/diseased to individualize rehabilitation resources; ergonomist is working to prevent injuries in the workplace through improvements in equipment and conditions. 12)Describe how a biomacanist can improve performance by changing technique, equipment, or training techniques. To make the environment safer, work performance better and a better lifestyle. 13)What is the difference between the sequential movements and simultaneous movements of the body segments? Sequence or simultaneously