EFFECT OF ARTIFICIAL FINE AGGREGATE AND NATURAL FINE AGGREGATE AVAILABLE IN HAVERI DISTRICT ON STRENGTH OF CONCRETE (M20)

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

A project report is never the sole product of the person whose name appears on the cover. May people have lent their technical assistances, advices and services.

I express my deep gratitude to my Guide Prof. D.S. Maganur, Civil Engineering epartment for providing continuous suggestions extend to me with immense care and !eal throughout my project phase II.

I would li"e to express my gratitude to B.SHIVAKUMAR #ead of the Civil Engineering project phase II. epartment, $%& I'$%I%(%E )* %EC#')+)G, College, -ane.ennur for his help and inspiration during the execution of

I would li"e to express my gratitude to express my gratitude to S.N.Shi a!inga""a /rincipal of $%& I'$%I%(%E )* %EC#')+)G, College, -ane.ennur for his valua.le support during the execution of project.

+ast .ut not least I am grateful o all the staff mem.er and also friends who provided encouragement at every step

$%& I'$%I%(%E )* %EC#')+)G, -ane.ennur

EFFECT OF ARTIFICIAL FINE AGGREGATE AND NATURAL FINE AGGREGATE AVAILABLE IN HAVERI DISTRICT ON STRENGTH OF CONCRETE (M20)

ABSTRACT
Concrete is considered to .e the most widely used and versatile material of construction all over the world. In recent years, concrete technology has made significant advances which have resulted in economical improvements in strength of concretes. %his economical development depends upon the intelligent use of locally availa.le materials. )ne of the important ingredients of conventional concrete is natural sand or river sand, which is expensive and scarce. In India, the conventional concrete is produced .y using natural sand o.tained from river.eds as fine aggregate. #owever, due to the increased use of concrete in almost all types of construction wor"s, the demand of natural or river sand has .een increased. %o meet this demand of construction industry excessive 0uarrying of sand from river .eds is ta"ing place causing the depletion of sand resources. %he dwindling sand resources have not only posed the environmental pro.lems .ut also have caused the rivers to change their flow direction. %his fact has forced the Government to lay down restrictions on sand 0uarrying process resulting in the scarcity and significant increase in its cost. %hus the scarcity of natural sand has forced to find the suita.le su.stitute. %he cheapest and the easiest way of getting su.stitute for natural sand is .y crushing natural stone to get artificial sand of desired si!e and grade which would .e free from all impurities. %he promotional use of artificial sand will conserve the natural resources for the sustaina.le development of the concrete in construction industry. In the present an attempt has .een made to discuss the properties such as wor"a.ility and compressive strength of concrete prepared .y complete replacing of natural sand .y artificial sand. %he development of crac"s and their measurement is also studied.

$%& I'$%I%(%E )* %EC#')+)G, -ane.ennur

II

EFFECT OF ARTIFICIAL FINE AGGREGATE AND NATURAL FINE AGGREGATE AVAILABLE IN HAVERI DISTRICT ON STRENGTH OF CONCRETE (M20)

CONTENT
SL NO.
* * * Acknowledgement Abstract Contents

TITLE

PAGE NO

1 2 3

Introduction Ob ecti!e o" t#e work $aterials and met#odolog% 3.1 Materials 3.1.1 Cement 3.1.2 Fine aggregate 3.1.3 Coarse aggregate 3.1.4 Artificial sand

4 5 6

$anu"acture o" sand Sie!e anal%sis Preliminar% tests 6.1 Workability test 6.1.1 Slump cone test 6.1..2 Compaction factor test 6.2 Casting
$%& I'$%I%(%E )* %EC#')+)G, -ane.ennur

III

EFFECT OF ARTIFICIAL FINE AGGREGATE AND NATURAL FINE AGGREGATE AVAILABLE IN HAVERI DISTRICT ON STRENGTH OF CONCRETE (M20)

6.3

Strength test 6.3.1 Compressive strength test 6.3.2 Tensile strength test 6.3.3 Fle ural strength test 6.3.4 Shear strength test

$i& 'esign "or $() grade concrete !.1 Stipulation for proportioning !.2 Test data for materials !.3 Target strength for mi proportion !.4 Selection for "#c ratio !.5 Selection of "ater content !.6 Calculation of cement content !.! $roportion of volume of coarse aggregate and fine aggregate !.% &i calculation !.' &i proportion !.1( )esign ratio

% '

Conclusion *e"erence

$%& I'$%I%(%E )* %EC#')+)G, -ane.ennur

I1

EFFECT OF ARTIFICIAL FINE AGGREGATE AND NATURAL FINE AGGREGATE AVAILABLE IN HAVERI DISTRICT ON STRENGTH OF CONCRETE (M20)

$%& I'$%I%(%E )* %EC#')+)G, -ane.ennur