Part II: Chemical Reactions & Stoichiometry (50 points) 1.

) Balance the following equations: Hill, Petrucci 3-53, (4) a. Zn(OH)2 + H3PO4 Zn3(PO4)2 + H2O b. c. d. CH3CH2OH + Ca3P2 + CH3SH + PCl3 H2O O2 CH3CH2Cl + PH3 SO2 + H2O H3PO3

Ca(OH)2 + CO2 +

2.) Write an equation to represent the reaction of solid magnesium and gaseous oxygen to form solid magnesium oxide. In the equation, one mole of oxygen gas is chemically equivalent to how many moles of magnesium? To how many moles of magnesium oxide? Hill, Petrucci, 3-55 (4)

3.) Acetaldehyde, CH3CHO (d = 0.788 g/cm3), a liquid used in the manufacture of perfumes, flavors, dyes, and plastics, can be produced by the reaction of ethanol with oxygen: CH3CH2OH + O2 CH3CHO + H2O How many liters of liquid ethanol (d = 0.798 g/cm3) must be consumed to produce 25.0 L of acetaldehyde? (4)

4.) Electronic circuit boards are sometimes made by allowing some of the copper metal that coats a special plastic sheet to react with iron (III) choride, The products are copper (II) chloride and iron metal. If 3.72g of copper metal must be dissolved, will 8.48g of iron (III) chloride be enough to do the job? (4)

5.) Suppose a copper foil 0.065 mm thick with a density, 8.96 g/cm3. What is the minimum number of drops of 6.0 M HNO3 needed to dissolve a 1.50 cm2 hole in the metal. The reaction is as follows: Cu(s) + HNO3(aq) Cu(NO3)2(aq) + NO(g) + H2O(l) (5)

6.) A sheet of iron with surface area, 525 cm2 is covered with rust with an average thickness of 0.0021 cm. What minimum volume of HCl solution (d = 1.07 g/mL) consisting of 14% HCl by mass is required to clean the surface of the metal by reacting with the rust? Assume the rust is Fe2O3(s) with a density 5.2 g/cm3 and the reaction is: (5) Fe2O3(s) + 6HCl(aq) 2FeCl(aq) +3H2O(l)

7.) Perchloric acid dehydrate, HClO42H2O, is a stable liquid with density, 1.65 g/mL. It may be considered as a compound or a solution of HClO4 in water. If the latter, what would be the molarity of HClO4 in the solution? (4) 8.) Write the equations for the anode and cathode processes and the overall reactions that occur in the electrolysis of: (Chemical principles, 16-14) (3) a. Molten magnesium bromide

b. Aqueous solution of cesium iodide

c. Aqueous solution of potassium sulfate 9.) Hydrolysis of the compound B5H9 forms boric acid, B(OH)3. Fusion of boric acid with Na2O forms a borate salt, Na2B4O7. Find the amount of B5H9 that forms 0.75 moles of the borate salt by this reaction sequence. (Chem prin. 3.51) (5)

10.) The ratio of the mass of a gold atom to the mass of a atom is 50:3. Find the mass of one mole of gold atoms. (2)

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11.) A 1.248g sample of limestone is pulverized and treated with 30.00 mL of 1.035 M HCl solution. The excess acid then requires 11.56 mL of 1.010 M NaOH for neutralization. Calculate the percent by mass of calcium carbonate in the rock, assuming that is the only component reacting with the HCl solution. (Brown, LeMay, Bursten, 4.90) (5)

12.) Predict the product(s) and write a balanced equation for each of the following redox reactions: (5) a. b. c. d. e. BaCl2(l) S8(s) + Fe(s) + Pentane + Cesium + O2(g) HClO4(aq) Oxygen Iodine

BONUS: In the following reaction cycle, copper has either a 0 or +2 oxidation state. Write balanced molecular and net ionic equations for each step in the cycle. a. Copper metal reacts with green-blue solution (1) aqueous bromine to produce a

b. Adding aqueous sodium hydroxide forms a blue precipitate (1)

c. The precipitate is heated and turns black (1)

d. The black solid dissolved in nitric acid to give a blue solution. (1)

e. Adding aqueous sodium phosphate forms a green precipitate. (1)

f. The precipitate forms a blue solution in sulfuric acid (1)

g. The copper metal is recovered from the blue solution when zinc metal is added. (1)