Technical Information

Medium-voltage Transformers
Important requirements for medium-voltage transformers for SUNNY CENTRAL of the HE and CP range

Contents
This document describes the requirements of medium-voltage transformers that are connected to Sunny Centrals of the HE or CP range. SMA Solar Technology AG only accepts the warranty for transformers that have been purchased from SMA Solar Technology AG.

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1 Technical properties
The transformers used must comply with the following technical specifications:
1. The transformer must be suitable for operation with a pulsed inverter. 2. The transformer must be designed for the voltages that arise during pulsed operation of the inverter. The voltages can reach a magnitude of maximum 1450 V regarding ground. The rmsvalue of the voltages regarding ground is maximum 800 V (see following diagram).

3. The transformer must be designed for voltages on its lowvoltage windings that can exhibit a voltage gradient dU/dt of up to 500 V/s regarding ground. The linetoline voltages are sinusoidal. 4. A shield winding that is grounded to the tank is necessary between the lowvoltage windings and the highvoltage windings. This serves as an additional dU/dt filter. 5. Each inverter needs a separate galvanically isolated lowvoltage winding. 6. The voltages on the lowvoltage windings of the transformer must exhibit the following values in relation to the output voltage of the inverter: Sunny Central SC 400HE-11 SC 500HE-11 / SC 500CP SC 630HE-11 / SC 630CP SC 720CP SC 760CP SC 800CP * AC output voltage / transformer low voltage 270 V 270 V 315 V 324 V 342 V 360 V

* further AC-voltages are possible. You can find further information in the data sheet of the inverter.

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7. The high voltage of the transformer for connection to the medium-voltage grid in Europe is mostly 20 kV. However, other high voltages are also possible: 10 kV, 15 kV, 22 kV, 25 kV, 27 kV, 30 kV or 35 kV. For connection to the low-voltage grid, upper voltages of 400 V or 415 V are usual. 8. The impedance voltage Z(%) of the transformer must, in relation to every inverter, be 6% in each case. Impedance voltage tolerance limits of between 5.4% and 6.6% must be maintained. 9. The impedance voltage Z(%) between both lowvoltage windings must be 10%. The tolerance limits of this impedance voltage of between 9% and 11% must be maintained. This value can be determined when one of the lowvoltage windings is short-circuited and the voltage on the other lowvoltage winding is increased until the nominal current flows. At the same time the highvoltage windings are idle (see following diagram).

10. In ambient temperatures of up to 25 C the transformer must have a current load capability of 110 %. In ambient temperatures between 25 C and 50 C a linear derating to nominal power occurs. Further information can be found in the following documentation: Inverter data sheet Inverter installation guides Technical information "Compact and weather resistant. Features and characteristics for SUNNY CENTRAL 500CP/630CP/720CP/760CP/800CP" 11. During thermal rating, the load curve and the ambient conditions at the respective installation site should be taken into account. 12. No neutral point is required on the low voltage side. If a neutral point is nevertheless present on the lowvoltage side, this neutral point must not be either connected or grounded.

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13. Two-winding transformers with varying windings each on the highvoltage side and the lowvoltage side can be used. For example YNd11, YNd5, YNd1 or Dy11, Dy5, Dy1 with an ungrounded neutral point on the lowvoltage side (see following diagram as an example).

14. Four-winding transformers (double-storey transformer) with varying windings each on the highvoltage side and the lowvoltage side can be used. For example YNd11d11, YNd5d5, YNd1d1 or Dy11y11, Dy5y5, Dy1y1 with an ungrounded neutral point on the lowvoltage side (see following diagram as an example).

15. SMA Solar Technology AG recommends the use of a transformer with a tap changer on the highvoltage side that enables an alignment to the voltage level of the mediumvoltage grid. 16. The country-specific grid frequency is to be taken into consideration. 17. The country specific standards valid are to be taken into consideration.

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