International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol.7 No.11 (2012) Research India Publications; http://www.ripublication.com/ijaer.

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High Gain of C Shape Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless System
Anamika Singh1, Aadesh Arya2 & Sanjay Sharma3 Shobhit University, Meerut1,3 Geeta Institute of Management & Technology,Kurukshetra2 anamika11singh@yahoo.co.in, adesh_kumararya@rediffmail.com , sansiet@gmail.com

Abstract: In this paper, a novel C shape slotted microstrip patch antenna with enhanced gain is presented and discussed. The proposed design offers low profile, high gain and compact antenna element. The maximum gain is 7.31541 dBi at 2.31610 GHz, antenna and radiation efficiency are more than 95.5319% and bandwidth is 50% from 1GHz to 3GHz .The proposed design is suitable particular for wireless communication application such as Wi-Fi and WiMax. Keywords: C-shaped patch antenna, Microstrip feed, enhanced gain, Microstrip Antenna, ie3d software

I. INTRODUCTION Microstrip Patch antenna are widely used in a number of antenna systems because of their low profile, light weight, low price, compactness, mass productivity, etc.[4], but Patch antenna is also used for its for attractive features such as compatibility with Microwave Integrated Circuits and Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits. This paper proposed a new design of Enhanced Gain C Shape Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Systems applications. In proposed antenna, we are using here feeding mechanism and Feeding mechanism plays an important role in the design of microstrip patch antenna. In the proposed antenna in this paper, a novel C slotted on the patch is investigated for enhancing the gain. The design employs contemporary techniques namely, the microstrip feeding on the rectangular patch with C slotted shaped antenna which is enhancing the gain of the designed antenna. Researchers are also focusing on how to design antennas for WiMax Technology. Details of the proposed antenna design and experimental results for antenna are presented.

Fig 1: Microstrip Patch Antenna antenna. Feed line width and inset feed line be denoted by Wr and yo. This antenna is constructed on one layer substrate and the substrate having a relative permittivity ( ) = 4.50, thickness of substrate (h) = 1.50 mm and loss tangent (tan ) = 0.021.The antenna is shown in figure 1 was designed to operate at frequency 0.92 GHz and has a dimension of W = 92 mm and L = 75 mm. The inset feed line[1], (yo) is 7 mm and the feed line width (Wr) is 3 mm it is implement for enhancing the return loss at a low frequency. Its maximum return loss value is 23.06dB at 0.92 GHz frequency[1]. The geometry of the reference antenna is totally changed in the new designed in the proposed antenna. The proposed antenna is constructed by three layers ground plane, substrate layer and rectangular patch with inverted U shape slotted or C shape slot[2], where dimensions of design is as, width, Wg = 240.5mm and length, Lg = 196.3mm of the infinite ground plane. Wp =92.5mm and Lp =75.5mm is the width and length of the patch and Ws =32mm and Ls =16mm is the width and length of the C slot in the antenna and Wo =2mm. It is a multi band antenna and it has desired resonant frequencies from f1 = 1GHz to f2 =2GHz.The dimension of the patch can be estimated using the formulas (1) to (2) listed below. [1]&[2] However, the exact dimension of the patch usually needs to be optimized and adjusted to meet the requirement of resonant frequency and other characteristics.

II. ANTENNA STRUCTURE The proposed antenna is shown is figure 2 and Figure 1 shows a rectangular patch antenna with radio frequency identification is the reference antenna for the proposed antenna which is using inset feed line[1], with width W and length L of the rectangular patch

International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol.7 No.11 (2012) Research India Publications; http://www.ripublication.com/ijaer.htm

Table1. Results of proposed antenna

S.No Resonant frequency Return loss Directivity Gain Antenna Radiation efficiency Efficiency

1. 2.

1.28626 2.31610

-7.58525 -15.4347

5.0607 7.51393

4.23007 7.31541

82.5861 95.5319

98.9846 98.2969

Figure 2(a): C Shaped Slotted Antenna For Microstip Antenna

A. Return Loss Fig. 3 shows the input reflection coefficient of the high gain microstrip antenna as obtained from IE3D [8]. In fig. 2, it shows the simulated result of the return loss of the proposed antenna[1]. The two closely excited resonant frequencies at 1.286 GHz with return loss of -7.58525 dB and at 2.31610 GHz with return loss of -15.4347 dB as shown in the fig 3.

(1) (2)
The resonent frequency of the high gain C slot antenna [2]is 1.28626 GHz and 2.31610 GHz and the better results of the other charectersstics given at 2.31610 GHz frequency and all the results are shown in graphs[1

Fig:3 Dual band return loss B. Directivity The simulated directivity of the proposed patch antenna at various frequencies is shown in Fig.5. The maximum achieved directivity is 5.0607 dBi at the frequency of 1.286 GHz. The Directivity at resonant frequency 2.31610 is 7.51393 dBi. The Directivity at frequencies from 1GHz to 3 GHz as shown in fig 4.

Figure 2(b): Side view of C Shaped Slotted Antenna For Microstip Antenna III. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The nal goal of the work is to get a High gain antenna with low return loss with good efficiencies and radiation patterns, and increased directivity. We performed passive numerical simulation using method of moment based IE3D [1] in order to nd a good tradeoff between these requirements. Fig:4 Directivity of proposed antenna

International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol.7 No.11 (2012) Research India Publications; http://www.ripublication.com/ijaer.htm REFERENCES C. Gain Fig. 5 shows the simulated result of gain of the proposed antenna. It is showing that the gain is 4.23007 dBi at 1.28626 GHz and the maximum achievable gain is 7.31541 dBi. Compared to conventional microstrip antennas [2], the proposed one possesses has a better gain performance due to its C shaped slots & air gap, probe feeding technique on the patch with infinite ground plane. [1] Indra Surjati, Yuli KN and Arky Astasari Microstrip Patch Antenna Fed by Inset Microstrip Line For Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) 2010 AsiaPacific International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, April 12 - 16, 2010, Beijing, China. Boutheina Tlili Design of Double C-slot microstrip patch antenna for WiMax application Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan state University, Dubai. Ramesh, M and Yip KB, Design Formula for Inset Fed Microstrip Patch Antenna, Journal of Microwave and Optoelectronics, Vol.3, No.3, December 2003. Kim, Jeong-Seok et ai, Shorted Microstrip Patch Antenna Using Inductively Coupled Feed for UHF RFID Tag, ETRI Journal, Vo1.30, No.4, August 2008. Choi, Wonkyu et ai, RFID Tag Antenna Coupled by Shorted Microstrip Line for Metallic Surfaces, ETRI Journal, Vo1.30,No.4, August 2008. Garg, R ., Bhartia, P, Bahl, 1., Ittipiboon, A ., Microstrip Design Handbook, Norwood: Artech House . Inc, MA,2001. P.Pigin, Emerging mobile WiMax antenna technologies, IET Communication Engineer , October/November 2006. C.T.Lee and K.L Wong,Uniplaner printed coupledfed PIFA with a band-notching slit for WLAN/WiMAX operation in the laptop computer,IEEE APS,vol.57.pp.1252-1258,April 2009. C.Y Pan T.S Horng, W.S Chen and C.H Huang, Dual wideband printed Monopole antenna for WLAN/WiMax Applications, IEEE Antenna and Wireless propagation letters, vol 6,pp 149-151,2007. C. C. Yu, M. Huang; L.K. Lin and Y. T. Chang, A compact antenna based on metamaterial for WiMAX, in Proc. APMC 2008 Asia Pacific. L. Pazin,N.Telzhensky and Y.Leviatan,Multiband flat-plate inverted F-antenna for Wi-Fi/WiMax operation, Antenna and Wireless propagation letters, vol 7,pp 197-200,2008. Y. Yu, Y .Lee,S. Lee and J.Choi, A compact internal antenna for wireless USB Dongle application, in Proc.ICAT 2009,pp1084-1086. Tlili Boutheina, Design of C-slot microstrip patch antenna for WiMax application, in proc LAPC 2009,pp 521-524. C. A. Balanis, antenna theory Analaysis and Design, third edition,Wiley,New Jersey, 2005.

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Fig:5 Gain of proposed antenna D. Antenna Efficiency and Radiation Efficiency Fig 6. Shows the antenna efficiency and radiation efficiency of the proposed antenna[2] .The maximum Antenna and Radiation efficiency is 82.58621%,98.9896% at the frequency1.286 and the maximum valuable efficiencies are 95.5319%,98.2969% at the frequency 2.31610.[5]The Efficiencies at the frequencies from 1 GHz to 3 GHz shown is fig 6.

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Fig:6 Antenna and radiation efficiency of proposed antenna [12] IV.CONCLUSION A configuration of rectangular patch using microstrip line has been proposed in this paper the return loss is -17.2610 can be achieved by using C shape slot on the patch the bandwidth of the antenna is 50% from 1 GHz to 3 GHz and gain is 7.31541dBi.The application of C shape slot microstrip antenna for Wi-Fi and WiMax.In comparison to simple microstrip rectangular patch antenna the proposed antenna is better because it gives maximum dual band return loss and very high gain at very low frequency.the new desiged antenna is better than the simple microstrip rectangular patch antenna [13]

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