Szuba 1 Dan Szuba Professor Wielgos College Writing II 6 April 2014 Annotated Bibliography

Blanck, Heidi, PH.D. "Use of Nonprescription Weight Loss Products." Journal of the American Medical Association. 930-935 22 Aug. 2005. Web. 6 Apr. 2014. In the article "Use of Nonprescription Weight Loss Products," done by Heidi Blank PH.D at the Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity and National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, her main focus is to find out what the actual increase in diabetic supplements is. In other words, she is trying to see how many more Americans are turning to diet supplementation without knowing the truths about the health concerns that are related to them. This source does not really relate to any of my other sources strictly because it is a research on demographics of the population. This source will be useful in my research paper because it clearly shows an increase in diet pill consumption in Americans. This can be useful because I can say that Americans are not really being informed about the truths behind diet pills, and therefore are making poor decisions in buying them. Boucher, Jackie. " Weight Loss, Diets, and Supplements: Does Anything Work? " Diabetes Spectrum 14.3 (2001) spectrum.diabetes.journals.org Aug. 2005. Web. 06 Apr. 2014.

Szuba 2 In the article "Weight Loss, Diets, and Supplements: Does Anything Work?" by Jackie L. Boucher, MS, RD, LD, CDE, the main focus is about facts about diet supplements and about substitutions to diet pills like diet strategies that are safe and are proven to work. The article basically gives a lot more information that can be used to show that there are alternative for people who are looking to use diet pills. This topic relates to "An Evidence-Based Review Of Fat Modifying Supplemental Weight Loss Products because both articles argue that diet pills do not have enough information to prove they are effective. This article would help my research topic because it offers a different view for readers to look at. In that sense, it provides them healthy alternatives to dieting. Egras, Amy M., et al. "An Evidence-Based Review Of Fat Modifying Supplemental Weight Loss Products." Journal Of Obesity (2011): 1-7. Academic Search Complete. Web. 6 Apr. 2014. The research done by Amy M. Egras at Thomas Jefferson University is aimed to determine whether fat modifying ingredients in weight loss products are actually effective or whether they are just placebo effects. The source claims that these ingredients have little evidence to prove that they actually decrease the body fat in a person body. With that being said, the researches conducted a test in which different individuals were given dosages of different ingredients that claimed to help lose fat. This source relates to my topic in the sense that diet pills may claim to help lose weight and cause a reduction in body fat, but to this day, there is little research to be able to say that those ingredients safely help an individual lose weight. This article is almost paralleled with the information presented in "An Evidence-Based Review Of Fat Modifying Supplemental

Szuba 3 Weight Loss Products." This source offers multiple research studies done on the topic and overall adds to the reinforcement of the fact that diet pills are not what they say to be. Fong, Tse-Ling, et al. "Hepatotoxicity Due To Hydroxycut: A Case Series." The American Journal Of Gastroenterology 105.7 (2010): 1561-1566. MEDLINE Complete. Web. 6 Apr. 2014. In the article Hepatotoxicity Due To Hydroxycut: A Case Series." By Tse-Ling Fong,MD, focuses on the case studies of patients who ended up in the hospital after taking a popular weight loss supplement, hydroxycut. Fong is a MD at the division of Gastrointestinal and Liver diseases at the University of Southern California. The main claims are the eight patients who developed livery injuries after taking hydroxycut. All of them were hospitalized and three of them required immediate liver transplants. This source relates directly to the question I am arguing, Are diet pills safe and effective? In this case study, there is a direct correlation between the dietary pills and the harmful outcomes of them. This source is related to "Fulminant Hepatic Failure After Use Of The Herbal Weight-Loss Supplement Exilis" And "STEMI In A 24-Year-Old Man After Use Of A Synephrine-Containing Dietary Supplement". Both articles show examples of users being affected in a drastic way by dietary supplements. The source is worth using because it shows exactly how dangerous diet pills can be. Gibson-Moore, H. "Do Slimming Supplements Work?." Nutrition Bulletin 35.4 (2010): 300-303. Academic Search Complete. Web. 6 Apr. 2014. In the article Do slimming supplements work by Research Assistant H.Gibson Moore at the British Nutrition Foundation, the main point he focuss on is whether slimming products that claim to help lose weight actually do as they promote. The

Szuba 4 sources uses research from multiple studies that conclude there was almost no significant difference between the weight lost in patients who used the slimming product of patients who had the placebo pill. Many people are under the interpretation that because the pills say they will help lose weight that they will actually do it safely and effectively. The article "An Evidence-Based Review Of Fat Modifying Supplemental Weight Loss Products has similar aspects as the article by H.Gibson Moore because it provides information that concludes diet pills to have little evidence to actual weight loss. Both articles had research done with the diet pill and a placebo effect and both came to the same results. This article is worth using for my research paper because it offers more insight as to how diet pill companies claim that the product helps to lose weight but in reality, tests prove otherwise. Mahan, L. Kathleen.Escott-Stump, Sylvia., eds. Krause's Food, Nutrition, And Diet Therapy. Philadelphia, 398-414 W.B. Saunders, 2000. Print. Kathleen Mahan is a clinical associate at the Department of Pediatrics at the School of Medicine at the University of Washington in Seattle. Sylvia Escott-Stump is the Dietetic Programs Director at the East Carolina University Greenville in North Carolina. The Chapter called Interactions Between Drugs and Nutrients describes a number of different drugs and ingredients that are also found in dietary supplements. The chapter lists how those ingredients can be harmful with a diet that does not suit the patients needs. In other words, the dietary supplement consumer may have serious side effects because their body may react differently to those ingredients then other consumers. This source is paralleled with the book titled Nutrition & Diet Therapy. Both sources comment on the use of diuretics in response to overweight and obese patients.

Szuba 5 This source can be useful because it has about 12 pages of information all pertaining to the interactions of diuretic drugs with nutrients and the body. Rogovik, Alex L, and Ran D Goldman. "Should Weight-Loss Supplements Be Used For Pediatric Obesity?." Canadian Family Physician Mdecin De Famille Canadien 55.3 (2009): 257-259.MEDLINE Complete. Web. 6 Apr. 2014. The research done by Alex L. Rogovik MD PhD and Dan Goldman MD at BC Childrens Hospital argues that dietary supplements and pills should not even be prescribed or be made available to children who are overweight and obese. They claim and support that the supplements have not proven to be effective and have not proven to be safe for any ages, especially children. Dr Rogovic is assistant director and Dr Goldman is director of the RTEX Program. (The program promotes child health through evidence-based research in pediatric Emergency medicine.) The article uses research as well as statistics to come to the conclusion that dietary supplements are unsafe for children. This article parallels the information that is found in "Rapid Screening Of Illicit Additives In Weight Loss Dietary Supplements With Desorption Corona Beam Ionization (DCBI) Mass Spectrometer. Both articles argue that there is not enough information to conclude that dietary supplements are safe and effective. This source can be used in my research paper because it offers information to support the fact that diet pills should not be used for any ages, especially children. Thomas, John E., et al. "STEMI In A 24-Year-Old Man After Use Of A SynephrineContaining Dietary Supplement." Texas Heart Institute Journal 36.6 (2009): 586-590. Academic Search Complete. Web. 6 Apr. 2014

Szuba 6 The case study and research article done by John E. Thomas MD at the department of medicine at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington DC provides information to support the fact that diet pills can lead to serious health effects such as strokes, seizures, myocardial infractions, and even sudden death. The case report had done a series of tests on the patient who was found to have Stemi (an acute onset crushing midstream chest pain) after taking a dietary supplement. The man had no history of diabetes, hypertension, or history of cigarette use. This case study is just like the study done by Fong, Tse-Ling called "Hepatotoxicity Due To Hydroxycut: A Case Series." Both case studies have similar side effects that were caused from dietary supplements. This source is useful for my research paper because it has information in it about different ingredients found in dietary supplements and it discuses how each could lead to the side effects discussed. Townsend, Carolynn E. Nutrition & Diet Therapy. Albany, NY : Delmar Publishers, 1994. 258-266 Print. Carolynn E Townsend is Assistant Professor in the nursing department at Bemidji State University. In her chapter called Diet and weight control, she mentions an array of topics that relates to amphetamines, or more commonly known as diet pills. Here she discusses the dangers associated with them and the certain ingredients in them that can lead to serious side effects. She also mentions how they are supposed to help burn body fat away when in reality they do not. This information is targeted to obese individuals who look for diet fads that they believe will help lose that unwanted fat. This source is directly paralleled with numerous other sources presented in the bibliography.

Szuba 7 This source can be useful in my research paper because it included ingredients not stated in my other sources and also talks about habit forming in response to diet pills. Wang, H., et al. "Rapid Screening Of Illicit Additives In Weight Loss Dietary Supplements With Desorption Corona Beam Ionisation (DCBI) Mass Spectrometry." Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A: Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment 29.8 (2012):1194-1201. Academic Search Complete. Web. 6 Apr. 2014 The research done by H.Wang and other corresponding biologists was aimed to see whether or not slimming products that claimed to be natural were really all natural or not. Many products have been found to be altered at a microscopic level with chemicals that can cause serious side effects such as palpitation, chest pain, insomnia, diabetes, anorexia, and abnormal liver. The researchers ran chemical tests with a wide array or reagents that would be able to tell if any illicit additives were added to a naturally claimed product. The problem here is that the supplements claim to be natural and safe but in reality actually contain serious ingredients that can be harmful to users. This source pertains to my topic in the sense that I claim diet pills and other forms of dietary supplements are unsafe and in this example, it can be seen how illicit additives are in products that claim to be safe. This source compare to Hepatotoxicity Due To Hydroxycut: A Case Series because like that source, it also demonstrates how ingredients can turn out to be harmful and dangerous. This source is worth using being it clearly shows that companys who create diet supplements can and do lie to their users about what exactly is in them.