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BRIEF REVIEW
Qazi Shamveel Bin Tousif
1st Year
POVERTY has always, had several not entirely separable meanings and is always defined
according to conventions of the society in which it occurs. We may distinguish two meanings:
(1)Social poverty
(2) Moral poverty
Social poverty implies not merely economic inequality (of property, income, living
standard, etc) but also inequality, that is, a relation of inferiority, dependence, or exploitation.
Pauperism describes a category of people unable to maintain themselves at all, or to
maintain themselves at the level conventionally regarded as minimal, without outside
assistance.
Moral poverty Defines the place of poverty in the value system of a society or of its
subgroups and institutions: that is, it defines whether poverty is morally acceptable and what
status it confers or prevents the poor man from enjoying.
In his book ‘Development as freedom’, Nobel Laureate AMARTYA SEN (2003)
argues that development consists of the removal of un-freedom; In other words POVERTY IS
UN-FREEDOM.
The social category of the poor arises in stratified societies in which the
upper and lower strata have direct experience of each other. The poor are normally
contrasted with the rich: and a causal relationship is often assumed, as in the German
Proverbs “Poverty is the rich man’s cow” and “Poverty is the hand and foot of
wealth
If worker – consumers are incapable of effective resistance, either politically through
the exercise of meaningful suffrage or economically through strong labor unions, the sheer
pace of industrialization is bound to produce widespread
poverty.
REFERENCES:
1 Asian Development Bank report on Poverty in Pakistan: Issues, Causes, and Institutional
Responses Online Edition
2 http://southasia.oneworld.net/article/view/135153/1/1893
3 https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/pk.html#People
4 ADB report pg 11
5 Population Census 1998 FBS, GOP Islamabad
6 Sen.A (2003) Development as freedom.