INTRODUCTION

The goal of coal mining is to obtain coal from the ground. Coal is valued for its energy content, and, since the
1880s, has been widely used to generate electricity. Steel and cement industries use coal as a fuel for extraction
of iron from iron ore and for cement production. In the United States,United Kingdom, and South Africa, a
coal mine and its structures are a colliery. In Australia, "colliery" generally refers to an underground coal
mine.
Coal mining has had many developments over the recent years, from the early days of men tunneling, digging
and manually extracting the coal on carts to large open cut and long wall mines. Mining at this scale requires
the use of draglines, trucks, conveyor, jacks and shearers.
The Industrial Revolution, which began in Britain in the 18th century, and later spread to continental Europe
and North America, was based on the availability of coal to power steam engines. International trade expanded
exponentially when coal-fed steam engines were built for the railways andsteamships. The new mines that
grew up in the 19th century depended on men and children to work long hours in often dangerous working
conditions. There were many coalfields, but the oldest were in Newcastle and Durham, South Wales, Scotland,
the Midlands, such as those at Coal brook dale.
The oldest continuously worked deep-mine in the United Kingdom is Tower Colliery in South Wales
valleys in the heart of the South Wales coalfield. This colliery was developed in 1805, and its miners bought it
out at the end of the 20th century, to prevent it from being closed. Tower Colliery was finally closed on 25
January 2008, although production continues at the Aberpergwm drift mine owned by Walter Energy.
Coal was mined in America in the early 18th century, and commercial mining started around 1730
in Midlothian, Virginia.
Coal-cutting machines were invented in the 1880s. Before this invention, coal was mined from underground
with a pick and shovel. By 1912, surface mining was conducted with steam shovels designed for coal mining



















POLICY OBJECTIVE
For the purpose of policy is to ensure the well-being of people and the environment. Dedicated
to the miners.

~ To overcome the danger of exposure to coal mine workers, the emphasis on safety
responsibilities to workers through safety and health training of developing site specific
safety management.
~ major monitoring & enforcement role for the inspectorate.

To address the issue of polluted environment and adverse effect on the people around.
government has taken the drastic step of canceling latest coal project in Sabah, September 2009
site Felda Sahabat in Lahad Datu. it to avoid any eventuality faced by the people and
environmental.

~ the federal government and the state agreed to use liquefied natural gas (LNG) to
generate energy and non-energy use of coal for electrical generating systems in the state.







POLICY ISSUES
The policy issues that arise in this case are :
i) The situation around the coal mine that can bring a dangerous site to the workers if
its not conduct well

ii) The public also may face an exploded coal because of the mine is near to their
neighbourhood if the exploded of the coal will come to them cause a wounded and
destroy their house such as glass crack


iii) The public may suffer a dangerous illness due to the chemical that come from the
mine












POLICY EVALUATION

1. Every company which handle with coal mine industries should strictly have safety equipment
in their working places
2. The exploded coal can be settled when the coal mine industries alert with the safety in their
neighbourhood. The coal mine should handle far away from the neighbourhood
3. Coal mine industry should be handling in far away from the public which the environment
should be no other public near the industry













RECOMMENDATION

From the issue found, there is a recommended solution for that issue. The recommendations are:
1. The government with their safety and hazard agency should focus more on the safety
work area. The guideline must be clear with safety equipment, enough safety sign board,
and the safe working distance. The government agency must actively do the enforcement
of this safety method at the work place.
2. The mine area must be at the distance with a proper calculate from causing a damage or a
pollution to the people surrounding the mine are. The coal miners must apply the licence
from the government and the government should calculate the distance of coal before
give permission. The government also should open his customer care service to received
any complain or report from the people who live near the coal mine place.
3. The government should constantly visit to the mine place and the village or people
community surround the mine area to make a healthy test randomly. If there is some
decease found, they must stop the mine activities and do the investigate.