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Exercise 1>
(a) %ow many $airs of bonding electrons are there in a molecule of methane# C%04
(b) 3y considering re$ulsion of electron $airs# what sha$e do you ex$ect for the C%04 =f you cannot answer this# try the
balloon modeling exercise which follows this exercise
(c) 3y considering bond angles# show that electron $air re$ulsion would not gi'e the s-uare $lanar sha$e of the dot-and-
cross diagram below
%
DF
%
F
D C DF %
FD
%
(d) +tate whether you ex$ect the following molecules and ions to ha'e an identical sha$e or a 'ery similar sha$e to the
C%0 molecule ,i'e reasons
(i) 5%0
&
(ii) 1?Cl) (iii) +iCl0
Towards Improved Science Education in Guyana Adapted from ILPAC S4
0
(i') +?0
!-
Exercise 1@
"hat are the 'alues of the bond angles in the molecule 1(24
Exercise 1B
"hat are the 'alues of bond angles in the molecule +(94
Exercise !C
(a) Draw a dot-and-cross diagram of the ammonia molecule# and count the $airs of electrons surrounding the nitrogen
atom
(b) =n which directions (from the 5 atom) would you ex$ect to find the electron $airs (or regions of the greatest charge
density)4
(c) "hat sha$e is outlined by the four atoms in the molecule4
Exercise !1
<he three % E 5 E % bond angles in the ammonia molecule are found to be identical at 1C>
o
Ex$lain the difference
between this angle and the tetrahedral angle
Exercise !!
6ist the following electron $air re$ulsions in order of increasing magnitude (ie $ut the wea7est re$ulsion at the to$ of
the list)
(a) 3onding $airGbonding $air
(b) 3onding $airGnon-bonding $air
(c) 5on-bonding $airGnon-bonding $air
Exercise !!
(a) Draw a dot-and-cross diagram of a water molecule
(b) Draw the sha$e of a water molecule# showing how it fits into a tetrahedron
(c) 8se your answer to the $re'ious exercise to $redict a$$roximately the % E ? E % bond angle
Exercise !)
Ex$lain why the molecule of xenon tetrafluoride# De(0# is s-uare $lanar in sha$e
Towards Improved Science Education in Guyana Adapted from ILPAC S4