Waste Management

Gaurav Tomar
IMT Ghaziabad
Problems
• Problem 1
– Significant increase in the MSW (Municipal solid waste) generation in India due to
rapid population growth and economic development in the country.

– MSW generation expected to go up exponentially in the future. Some estimates say

that the total waste quantity generated in 2047 would be approximately above 260
million tonnes —more than five times the present level.

– Un-collected garbage poses serious health hazards apart from being eyesores.

– Municipalities face resource constraints and general in-efficiencies in coping

with this problem.

• Problem 2
– Energy situation in the country: shortfall as demand rises and supply can’t match up.

– This situation is leading to rising prices. (More than 230% price hike in last decade
itself.)

– With the current rate of consumption we may soon run out of fossil fuels.
One solution for both problems
• Plan to start installation of biogas units in all
residential colleges, large societies and other
places like prisons and hospitals where
considerable amount of human excreta and
other waste like sewage, municipal waste, green
waste etc is available on a consistent basis.
• Generated gas (eg. Approx 1000 people excreta
= 30 m3) can be then used for the cooking,
lighting purposes in the same institution/society.
Value proposition
• Improved
sanitation
• Availability of
energy at a
cheaper cost
• Reduction of
green house
effect
• Production of
manure as a by
product
Project strategy

Keep expanding
in various areas
to become the
Improve the number one
technology and waste
expand the feed management
base to various project in the
Expand the reach other forms of country.
to various waste like
residential municipal waste,
societies with green waste etc.
human excreta as
feed.
Start with
colleges at
individual level
and with only
human excreta
as feed.
Financial Projections
• Looking into the financial aspects: (Case Study: ABC College, Students
Mess) and considering only human excreta as the used feed for the
moment.
• With excreta of around 1000 people, 30 m3 of biogas can be produced.
• The current usage of LPG cylinder in mess is 8 per day which is 0.102 m3 of
liquid gas that converts to 47 m3 of butane (1 kg LPG = 406 litres butane
gas).
• In terms of calorific value, 1 m3 of biogas is equivalent to 1.5 m3 of LPG so
we need 47/1.5 m3 i.e. 31.3 m3 of biogas. Hence 30 m3 of bio gas production
would be enough for the cooking purposes.
• Cost of the Sulabh effluent system (developed by Sulabh International
comes to around 10 lakhs for a 30 m3 facility) and the civil work somewhere
around 20 lakhs. (Assuming that the old waste disposal system has to be
completely modified).
• Break Even: 5.47 years for the institute, and the profit that our
organization can generate from one such project is INR 10 lakhs
(minimum).
Market Potential
• Current target groups as can be identified are:
– Colleges with hostel facility: 1000+ nos. in India
– Major Hospitals: 100 nos. in India
– Major Residential Societies: 1000+ nos. In India (minimum)
– Prisons (already implemented in Rwanda): Approx. 20
• Considering above profitability, market potential (in
profits): 2120*10,00,000= Rs 212,00,00,000
• The various advantages that can be seen are
– One time capital investment with profitability in 6 years and only
profits with minimal cost incurring thereafter
– Insulation from inflation and rising LPG costs
– The most environmentally green technology and less stress on
non- renewable source like LPG.
Novelty of Idea
• Generating biogas from waste is an old concept now, but it has not been
implemented on a large scale in cities, due to easy availability of LPG.
• With depleting reserves, the idea of biogas should be extended beyond
rural areas.
• Since the educational institutions, hospitals etc. provide easy availability of
the feed the idea can easily be implemented here to start with. Not been
done in any of the educational institutions so far.
• Plan is replicable, but market potential is huge so the opportunities
are immense.
• Impact on Society:
– This solution of biogas is a radical change that ensures greener society
with reduced costs over the longer period of time.
– If we aggregate the waste collection by government provided sanitation
initiative we achieve a twofold objective of improved sanitation and
energy production thus resulting in an improved standard of living and
prosperous future.
Thank You!!!