1.

Theory


2. Objectives

For a broad-crested weir:
to observe the flow patterns associated with such a device;
to examine the relationship between discharge and freeboard;
to measure the discharge coefficient.

3. Procedures

1) First, begin by taking measurements of the sharp crested weir (height) before insertingit in
the flumeII.
2) Fill up the water storage tank of hydraulic bench with fresh and clean water III.
3) Open the bypass valve to 50% positionIV.
4) Install the sharp crested weir at the weir holding positionV.
5) Set the control valve to the fully open positionVI.
6) Connect the power supply for the water pumpVII.
7) Switch on the water pump; adjust the flow control valve to desired water flow rateusing the
Rota meter. For higher flow rate, the bypass valve should be completelyclosedVIII.
8) Adjust the tail sluice gate so that the downstream water level is in a desired positionIX.
9) At a steady state flow, record the corresponding values such as water flow rate (Q)and
depth of water (h).X.
10) Finally, find the actual depth of water (h) by using height of water above crest
height of the sharp crested weir.



4. Result and sample of calculation

Height of weir, Z = 0.05m
Width of flume, B= 0.15m

No Depth
upstream, D
(m)
H= D Z (m) Q
theo
(m
3
/s) Q
act
(m
3
/s) C
d

1 0.137 0.087 6.56 x 10
-3
8.1 x 10
-3
1.23
2 0.152 0.102 8.33 x 10
-3
10.58 x 10
-3
1.27
3 0.157 0.107 8.95 x 10
-3
11.53 x 10
-3
1.28


Height of weir, Z = 0.10m
Width of flume, B= 0.15m

No Depth
upstream, D
(m)
H= D Z (m) Q
theo
(m
3
/s) Q
act
(m
3
/s) C
d

1 0.18 0.08 5.78 x 10
-3
7.75 x 10
-3
1.34
2 0.199 0.099 7.96 x 10
-3
10.53 x 10
-3
1.32
3 0.204 0.104 8.57 x 10
-3
11.4 x 10
-3
1.33




5. Discussion and Conclusion

The coefficient of discharge values was calculated using the given formula.

This experimental uncertainty might have occurred due to time and limitations, the data were
collected as single samples. All single sample experiments have some uncertainty that can
attribute to the measured parameters. Also friction of the fluid may cause uncertainty. It also
shows how accurately the experiment was carried out.

6. Reference

1) Chadwick, A Morfett, J and Borthwick, M (2004) Hydraulics in civil and environmental
engineering . 4
th
edn. London: E & FN Spon Press
2) Hamill, L (2011) Understanding hydraulics. 3
rd
edn. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
3) Marriott, M. (2009) Nalluri & Featherstones civil engineering hydraulics. 5
th
edn. Oxford:
Wiley-Blackwell
4) Al Naib, S. K. (1997) Experimental fluid mechanics and hydraulic modelling. London:
University of East London

7. Appendix