University of Manitoba MECHANICAL INSULATION Section 15180

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February 20, 2014

PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 DESCRIPTION
.1 All drawings and all sections of the specifications shall apply to and form an integral part of this
section.
.2 Contract documents of this section are diagrammatic and approximate to scale. Do not scale from
the drawings, for dimensions refer to architectural and structural drawings. The drawings and
specifications establish scope for material and installation quality and are not detailed installation
instructions.
.3 Follow Manufacturers recommendations for installation supplemented by contract documents.
1.2 WORK PERFORMED BY THIS SECTION
.1 Labour, material, plant, tools, equipment and services for the supply, installation, and finishing of
piping, ductwork and equipment insulation.
1.3 COMMISSIONING
.1 Refer to Section 01810 Quality Commissioning for the details of the commissioning process.
1.4 DEFINITIONS
.1 The word "exposed", where used in this Section, means any work, which is not concealed in
walls, shafts, or above accessible ceilings. Work behind doors, in closets, in cupboards, or under
counters is considered exposed.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 AIR UNIT CASINGS
.1 24 kg/M
3
(1.5 lb. /ft) density closed cell, polymer foam insulation.

2.2 BREECHINGS
.1 High temperature insulation.

2.3 CHILLED WATER PIPING INSULATION
.1 Material
.1 Fibreglass 88 kg/m
3
(5 lb./ft.
3
) density pipe insulation with ASJ all service vapor seal
jacket with self-seal.
.2 Location
.1 All chilled water piping including stubs and runouts to coils etc.

2.4 COLD INSULATION PLUMBING
.1 Material
.1 112 kg/m
3
(7 lb./ft.
3
) density Fiberglas pipe insulation with ASJ jacket c/w vapor barrier.
.3 Vent piping in cold attics shall be insulated with fiberglass complete with ASJ jacket.
.2 Location
.1 All domestic cold water piping.
.2 Auxiliary water service piping
.3 All cooling coil condensate drains.
.4 Roof hoppers, vertical and horizontal storm drains except in crawlspaces.
.5 Vent piping for a developed length of 3m (10'-0') from roof terminals.
.6 Vent piping located in cold attics and in other cold locations.
.7 Sump pump discharge lines that pass through ceiling spaces.
.8 Run outs from mixing valves to shower heads.

2.5 COLD WATER CASING INSULATION
.1 Water meter, domestic water booster pump casings, and chilled water pump casings:
Armstrong Armaflex AP sheet insulation with Armstrong 520 adhesive.
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February 20, 2014

.2 Refinish with Armstrong Armaflex finish.
.3 Apply insulation to pump casings to match form of pump. Apply adhesive as per Manufacturers
recommendations.

2.6 COMPATIBILITY OF COMPONENTS
.1 All adhesives, sealers, vapour coating, mastics, laggings, and bedding compounds, shall be
compatible with materials to which they are applied. They shall not soften, corrode, or otherwise
attack such material in either wet or dry state. Materials shall only be those recommended by
Manufacturer or insulation as suitable for application proposed and be applied within ambient
temperature range recommended by the Manufacturer.

2.7 EQUIPMENT AND MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS
.1 Heat exchangers: Shell and tube type: 48 kg/M (3.0 lb. /Ft) density fibreglass pipe and duct wrap.
Insulation not required on plate type heat exchangers.
.2 Refrigeration systems: closed cell Armaflex or Imcolock insulation on evaporator, suction piping,
and chilled water headers.
.3 Hot water storage tanks: 48 kg/M (3.0 lb./Ft) density fibreglass pipe and duct wrap. Insulation
not required on plate type heat exchangers.

2.8 ENGINE EXHAUST PIPING AND SILENCER INSULATION
.1 Engine exhaust piping and silencer shall be covered with Thermo-12 preformed calcium silicate
pipe insulation.
.2 Insulate fittings with mitered sections of same insulation.

2.9 FINISHES AND PROTECTIVE COVERINGS
.1 Canvas: 170 g/m
2
with lagging adhesive,

ULC labelled.
.2 Stainless Steel: Protective covering to be equal to smooth 0.016 Childers Type 316 stainless
steel covering secured with 12mm () stainless steel banding at 300mm (12) on centre.
Stainless steel covering to be complete with 3 mil heat laminated Polysurlyn moisture retrarder
coating.
.3 Trowelled-on weather protective coating: Bakor 110-14 asphalt mastic vapour barrier coating on
screen mesh.

2.10 HIGH TEMPERATURE SEALANT
.1 High pressure sealant to be equal to LePage LEO40 hi-heat silicone sealant with temperature
rating of 315C (600F)

2.11 HOT INSULATION - PLUMBING
.1 Material
.1 112 kg/m
3
(7 lb./ft.
3
) density Fiberglass insulation with all service jacket (ASJ) and self-
sealing lagging adhesive.
.2 Location
.1 All domestic hot water, tempered water supply and hot water recirculation piping.
.2 Barrier free lavatory basin P traps.

2.12 HOT INSULATION - HEATING
.1 Use Fiberglass 88 kg/m
3
(5 lb./ft
3
) density pipe insulation with all service jacket (ASJ) and self-
sealing lagging adhesive in the following thicknesses:
.2 Location
.1 Pumped condensate piping.
.2 Glycol heating piping.
.3 Glycol heat recovery piping.
.4 Generator cooling piping.
.5 Hot water heating piping.

2.13 HOT INSULATION STEAM
.1 Calcium silicate or high-temperature fiberglass shall be used in steam applications.
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.2 Use steam pipe insulation with all service jacket (ASJ) and self-sealing lagging adhesive in
specified thicknesses.
.3 Location
.1 Steam piping.
.2 Condensate piping.

2.14 HOT INSULATION - EQUIPMENT
.1 The following items insulated with J-M Thermo-12 calcium silicate blocks or Fibreglass AF570.
.1 Domestic hot water converters.
.2 Heat exchangers.
.3 Domestic hot water storage tanks.
.4 Condensate receivers.
.5 Flash tanks.
.6 Glycol heating convertors.

2.15 INSTALLATION
1. Insulation shall be applied on clean, dry surfaces and only after tests and approvals required by
the specifications have been completed.
2. All insulation on piping operating below ambient temperature shall be continuous through wall
and ceiling openings and sleeves.
3. Insulation on all cold surfaces must be applied with a continuous, unbroken vapor seal. Hangers,
supports, anchors, etc. that are secured directly to cold surfaces shall be adequately insulated
and vapor sealed to prevent condensation.
4. Specified adhesives, mastics, and coatings shall be applied at the Manufacturer's recommended
minimum coverage per gallon.
5. Edges of vapor barrier insulation at valve stems, instrument wells, unions, and other raw edges
shall be sealed adequately to prevent moisture from penetrating the insulation.

2.16 INSULATION
.1 PREMOLDED INSULATION
.1 Provide ULC Listed sectional fibreglass pipe insulation in compliance with ASTM C335-84
in pre-moulded sections 36 (900mm) long, split and ready for application with a minimum
Thermal Conductivity of 0.033 W/m deg C at 75F (24C) mean temperature and be
capable of use on service from -40F to 500F (-40C to 260C) and with factory applied
vapour seal jacket of vinyl coated foil Kraft laminate with reinforcing of open mesh glass
fibre.
.2 Rigid board: 4.5 lbs/ft
3
(72 kg/m
3
) density ULC listed glass fibre board with glass fibre
reinforced aluminium foil vapour seal facing and minimum thermal conductivity of 0.035
W/m deg C at 75F (24C) mean temperature.

.2 NON-PREMOLDED PIPE INSULATION
.1 0.75 lb./ft (12g/M) thick ULC listed fibreglass flexible blanket with glass fibre reinforced
aluminium foil vapour seal facing with thermal conductivity of 0.036 W/m-C.

.3 HIGH TEMPERATURE INSULATION
.1 High temperature - over 650F (350C): Pre-formed calcium silicate or Roxul
1200 mineral fibre piping insulation.

.4 LOW TEMPERATURE INSULATION
.1 Low temperatures: 7C (40F) to 1C (34F): fire retardant closed cell Armaflex in sheet
form or pre-formed for piping.

.5 VERY LOW TEMPERATURE INSULATION
.1 Very low temperature: Below 1C (34F): Layers of 25mm (1) Dow Chemical Styrofoam
pipe insulation to establish the total specified thickness. All joints to be offset and
overlapped with second layer.
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February 20, 2014

.2 All surfaces to be insulated are to be cleaned and painted with two coats of Rustoleum
red primer waterproof paint.
.3 All insulation joints to be sealed with Dow Chemical Saran vapour retarder tape
.4 Insulation to be covered with PVC jacket with all joints sealed vapour tight.

.6 DUCT INSULATION
.1 The use of duct liner as thermal insulation is not allowed. Duct liner may be considered
for acoustical purposes only. Special sound attenuators shall be used wherever required
to eliminate fan noise. The University representative shall be contacted for approval.
.2 All duct insulation in mechanical rooms and on outside and mixed air ductwork, and also
where subject to abuse or impact, shall be rigid fiberglass board, with a minimum density
of 3 lb/ft
3
and be covered with canvas and lagging. All other duct insulation shall be
blanket type.

.7 ACOUSTIC INSULATION
.1 The use of fiberglass liner is not allowed. All acoustic duct liner must be constructed of
closed-cell, polymer sheet insulation materials.
.2 Product must be cleanable and have a zero perm rating and zero water absorption.
.3 Installation shall not include any tapes, fabrics, cements or other materials which are not
cleanable or which offer opportunity for mold growth.
.4 Installation shall be to Manufacturers standards and shall withstand air velocities of 12.7
m/s (2500 feet per minute).

2.17 INSULATION PROTECTION SHIELDS
.1 Insulation protection shields shall be installed at all pipe hangers and supports. Shields shall span
an arc of 180.
.2 An 18 gauge galvanized metal shield shall be installed fully over the top of all insulated piping
located outdoors where exposed to potential damage. The shield shall be a minimum length of
900mm (36) and field located to prevent damage to the insulation while walking over the piping.
Stainless steel jacket to be installed over the shields on all outdoor piping.
.3 All piping in Mechanical and Equipment Rooms shall have PVC insulation jacketing. Areas that
need moisture protection also to be completely wrapped in PVC. Above ceilings, a standard all-
service fiberglass (ASJ) jacket shall be used.

2.18 MATERIALS
.1 All insulation systems shall have composite (insulation, jacket and adhesive used to adhere the
jacket to the insulation) Fire and Smoke Hazard ratings as tested under procedure ASTM E 84,
NFPA 225, or UL 723.
.2 Asbestos in any form shall not be used for any type of insulation work. All products must be
certified asbestos free.
.3 All final pipe and duct installations including insulation, covering and adhesive shall have a flame
spread rating of not greater than 25.
.4 All canvas shall be treated to be fire retardant in accordance with UCL standards.
.5 Wire to be 1.2mm (18 ga.) soft annealed, type 304 stainless steel.
.6 U.L.C. label or satisfactory certified report from approved testing laboratory is required to
demonstrate that the fire hazard ratings for materials proposed for use do not exceed those
specified.
.7 Flame proofing treatments subject to deterioration due to effects of high humidity are not
acceptable.
.8 The Consultant reserves the right to demand test samples of components of insulation systems
for fire and smoke hazard ratings.
.9 In general, piping systems shall be insulated with fiberglass piping insulation with an all-purpose
jacket. Fittings, flanges, and valves shall be insulated with fiberglass inserts and pre-molded
polyvinyl or PVC jackets.
.10 Refrigerant piping systems shall be insulated with elastromeric pipe insulation.
.11 Calcium silicate or high-temperature fiberglass shall be used in steam applications.
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.12 Special insulation protection shall be considered for areas subject to abuse and moisture, such as
outside areas, washdown areas, public areas, food preparation areas, and classrooms.

2.19 PIPE FITTINGS
.1 In general, insulation for fittings shall be pre-formed and/or full thickness of the same material as
the insulation on the piping. Sectional pieces of standard insulation may be used on the larger
size fittings. The use of fibreglass duct wrap at fittings is not allowed. Up to 50mm (2) pipe, use
fibreglass insulation with PVC cover. 65mm (2) and over to be insulated with mitred rigid pipe
covering with PVC cover.
.2 All steam and condensate fittings to be insulated with ceramic fiber cement and canvas finish.

2.20 SERVICE TRENCH INSULATION SYSTEM
.1 Provide a Class C Heat Distribution system consisting of 100 percent chemically modified calcium
carbonate particles, all less than 10 microns, which is manufacturer certified to be Hydrophobic. The
particles shall cohesively bond with each other to form a closed-cell compacted mass that will
effectively isolate pipe surfaces from air, water, moisture, and chemicals.
.2 Material shall be inert, compatible with metals and plastics, and shall not be affected by normal soil
constituents.
.3 Material shall be non-flammable, non-toxic, and meet OSHA safety standards.
.4 Insulation manufacturer must provide documentation of completion of Corps of Engineers 10 ft. head
of water test (14 days - less than 1% moisture gain).
.5 Insulation must be free flowing and self-compacting.
.6 Physical Properties:
1. Thermal Conductivity: K = 0.58 Btu/hr.ft
2
F/in. @ 100 F
K = 0.68 Btu/hr.ft
2
F/in. @ 300 F
2. Temperature Range: Cryogenic (-273 F) to 480 F (250 C)
3. Bulk Density: 60 - 62 lbs. /cu. ft.
4. Load Bearing: Up to 12,000 lbs. / sq. ft.
5. Electrical Resistivity: R = 10
14
Ohms/cm/cm
6. Dielectric Constant: 2.7
7. Friction Coefficient: 0.35 plus or minus 0.04
8. Waterproof: Certified 100% Hydrophobic
9. Vapor Barrier: Closed cell insulation - vapor proof to -273 F
.7 Product to be equal to DriTherm insulation.
.8 Accessories
.1 Mineral Fiber Cushion: Flexible type, 4 6 lb. density mineral wool or inorganic glass.
.2 Polyethylene Sheet: 6 mil thick
.9 Examination
.1 Verify trenching dimension including clearances under the piping are as required to receive
the work.
.2 Verify the base of the trench contains un-disturbed earth. If fill dirt is required it must be
compacted to resemble original trench base conditions. Sand / crushed stone / pea gravel is
not allowed as trench base material or backfill.
.3 Verify piping is supported, anchored and guided as specified
.4 Verify piping systems have been tested and accepted.
.10 Mineral fiber cushion
.1 Where expansion loops or changes in pipe direction are provided to allow for pipe
expansion, wrap the piping at the point of movement with 4 to 6 lb. density mineral fiber
cushion to allow free movement of the pipes within the cushion. Place the fiber cushion so
as to not come in contact with earth, pipe supports, anchors, guides, or any other surface
that makes direct contact with the surrounding soil. Tape / tie mineral fiber cushion in place.
.2 Follow the insulation manufacturer's recommendations as to extent and thickness of
coverage.
.3 Insulation dimensions are increased in mineral fiber cushion areas except for the dimension
between multiple pipes. Consult manufacturer for details.
.11 Coatings
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.1 Apply coatings to supports, manhole face, concrete, metal and other materials in contact
with the piping system that extend through and beyond the insulation, to prevent entrance of
water by capillary action. Apply coating to concrete surfaces used in conjunction with pipe
supports, anchors and guides in direct contact with the insulation. Apply coating just prior to
placing the insulation. Coating must be sufficiently tacky to allow the insulation to bond to it.
.12 Service trench insulation
.1 Except for pipes within manholes and valve pits, encase all underground piping with
specified insulation.
.2 Pour the insulation within the drywall forms. Make certain no voids exist beneath closely
spaced pipes knife if necessary. Provide additional support and rigidity to the forms by
placing earth backfill on the outside of the forms alternately with the placing of the insulation.
.3 Once the insulation has been installed to specified dimensions, place polyethylene sheet
over the top of the material. Place empty insulation bags or sacks over the polyfilm to
protect the material during the backfilling operation. Leave forms in place.

2.21 UNDERGROUND STEAM AND CONDENSATE
.1 Provide sectional foam glass pipe insulation in premolded sections 600mm (24") long, split, and
ready for application.
.2 Permeability value to be 0.00 perm-inch.
.3 Thermal conductivity to be 0.32 BTU-inch/hr-sq.ft. -F at 24C (75F) mean temperature and be
capable of use on service from -73C (-100F) to 480C (900F).
.4 Insulation to be installed with factory approved high-temperature-resistant, flexible adhesive
between all horizontal and butt joints.
.5 Provide cushioning material between horizontal sections and Hydrocal B11 on all slip surfaces to
Manufacturers recommendations
.6 Fasten insulation sections in place with stainless steel bands.
.7 Insulation to be Pittsburgh Corning Foamglas StrataFab or approved equal.
.8 Insulation thickness
.1 Steam piping 75mm (3).
.2 Condensate piping 25mm (1).
.9 Foamglass insulation shall be protected with PittWrap CW Plus jacketing. Wrap to be 50 mil
(1.3mm) thick self-sealing, modified bituminous membrane with a glass fabric and 1 mil (0.03mm)
aluminum top film & release paper backing.
.10 In general, insulation for fittings shall be pre-formed and/or full thickness of the same material as
the insulation on the piping. Sectional pieces of standard insulation may be used on the larger
size fittings.
.11 All steam and condensate fittings to be insulated with ceramic fiber cement and canvas finish.

2.22 VAPOUR BARRIER FLEXIBLE DUCT INSULATION
.1 Insulate the following ductwork externally with Fibreglas RFFRK reinforced foil-faced vapour seal
duct insulation PF335, 340 g. ( lb./ft.
3
) density:
.1 25mm (1") Thickness
.1 All round supply air ductwork, and all rectangular supply air ductwork, 1200mm
(48") wide and less.
.2 50mm (2") Thickness
.1 All round exhaust and relief ducts, and outside air ducts not shown acoustically
lined from roof or wall back for a length of 1.8m (6'-0") or from wall or roof
discharge back to damper, whichever is greater.
.2 All round roof ducting to exhaust fans located on roofs to be insulated with 2
(50mm) pipe and tank wrap and stainless steel cladding.

2.23 VAPOUR BARRIER RIGID DUCT INSULATION
.1 Following ducts externally insulated with Fibreglas RFFRK reinforced foil-faced vapour seal duct
insulation type FF 340 g. (4.5 lb./ft.
3
) density:
.1 25mm (1") Thickness
.1 All rectangular supply air ductwork, greater than 1200mm (48") wide, on
discharge of fan systems with cooling coils.
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.2 50mm (2") Thickness
.1 All rectangular exhaust and relief ducts, and outside air ducts not shown
acoustically lined from roof or wall back for a length of 1800mm (6'-0") or from
wall or roof discharge back to damper, whichever is greater.
.2 All rectangular roof ducting to exhaust fans located on roofs complete with
stainless steel cladding.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 STANDARDS OF WORK
.1 Licensed trades people shall perform work.
.2 Apply insulation materials, accessories and finishes in accordance with Manufacturers
recommendations.
.3 Do not apply insulation until hydrostatic tests have been completed, surfaces are free of grease,
scale, moisture, and heat tracing where required has been installed. Insulation shall be clean and
dry when installed and during application of any finish.
.4 Apply insulation and coverings to equipment and piping, which will operate with hot or warm fluid,
while surface is hot. Provide any required temporary heat to accomplish this.
.5 Cold surfaces to be dry and ferrous surfaces to be coated with rust penetrating protective paint
before applying insulation and vapour barriers.
.6 Vapour barriers and insulation to be complete over full length of pipe or surface, without
penetration for hangers, duct or seams, and without interruption at sleeves, pipe and fittings.
.7 Install insulation with smooth and even surfaces, with round shapes laid to true circular and
concentric shape, shaped to blend with fitting insulation and adjacent covering; with full length
section and tight to insulated object.
.8 Pack solid around all pipes where they pass through sleeves in walls, floor slabs, etc. for full
thickness of floor with fiberglass or rockwool. Insulated pipes having vapour barrier jacket to pass
through wall, floors, etc. to accommodate full insulation thickness. Protect insulation of exposed
pipes passing through floors with 1.2mm (18 ga.) galvanized iron 150mm (6") from finished floor.
.9 On piping, gouge out insulation for proper fit where there is interference between weld bead and
insulation. Bevel insulation away from studs and nuts to permit their removal without damage to
insulation. Closely and neatly trim around extending parts of pipe saddles, supports, hangers and
clamp guides. Seal with insulating cement.
.10 Use insulation protection saddles at all supports unless otherwise indicated.
.11 Butt joints
.1 Place joints on top of duct wherever practical. Butt joints on side of duct for flexible duct
insulation.
.2 Adhere and seal laps of vapour barrier cover or vapour barrier strip of 100mm (4")
minimum width furnished with insulation, using vapour seal adhesives.
.12 Sagging of duct insulation will not be acceptable.
.13 Stagger both longitudinal and horizontal joints, on duct insulation of multi-layered construction.
.14 Duct insulation with vapour barrier shall be continuous, except at fire dampers.
.15 Ducts acoustically lined need no external insulation, unless specifically noted otherwise.
.16 Existing duct and pipe covering damaged or cut back during installation work to be made good
with same insulation as specified for new work.
.17 Protect insulation against elements during all stages of application.
.18 Do not cover Manufacturers nameplates. Cut insulation on 45 angle to nameplate edge and
seal.
.19 Covering to be uniform in diameter, smooth in finish. Place longitudinal seams so as to be
invisible.

3.2 AIR UNIT CASINGS (INTERNAL)
.1 25mm (1") thick rigid board neoprene faced. Install insulation on weld pins and speed washers
300mm (12") OC. Cut pins flush with surface of insulation and cover all pins and joints with glass
fab tape embedded in two coats of approved mastic compound. Use the first coat to embed the
glass fab tape and the second coat as a finish. Refer to detail drawings.
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3.3 ASBESTOS INSULATION REMOVAL
.1 Engage a Contractor regularly employed in asbestos insulation removal.
.2 Comply with requirements of the authority having jurisdiction and the provincial Clean Environment
Act including disposal of this material.
.3 In case of any conflict among these regulations or with these specifications, the more stringent
requirements shall apply.
.4 Provide all containment devices, air control devices, temporarily portioning, transportation and skilled
labour.
.5 Test samples of all insulation to be removed, and apply regulations relative to type and content.
.6 Arrange for and include cost of inspection as required by the Authority.
.7 All water piping insulation in the building is asbestos latent to some extent including the boiler.

3.4 COLD INSULATION PLUMBING
.1 Fiberglass
.1 Insulate flanges, fittings and valve bodies, etc.
.2 Fasten longitudinal laps with staples and seal with Swifts Adhesive #3218.
.3 Butt joints wrapped with a 100mm (4") strip of ASJ. Stagger joints on multiple layers.

3.5 COLD INSULATION - CHILLED WATER PIPING
.1 Application as per Clause Cold Insulation Plumbing.
.2 All piping, fittings, stubs, etc to be fully insulated to prevent condensation.

3.6 DUCTWORK
.1 Installation
.1 Exposed ductwork: Rigid Board Insulation
.1 Rectangular ductwork: Impale rigid board on weld pins and speed washers
300mm (12") OC with a minimum of two rows per side on any side greater than
300mm (12"). Cut pins flush with surface of insulation and cover with foil faced
tape. Cover all joints with foil faced self-adhesive tape. Finish with canvas and
lagging to Manufacturers specifications.
.2 Round ductwork: Apply flexible blanket insulation with an approved adhesive
brushed on in 100mm (4") wide strips 300mm (12") OC and at all joints. Seal all
joints and perforations with foil faced self-adhesive tape. Finish with canvas and
lagging to Manufacturers specifications.
.2 Concealed ductwork:
.1 Blanket type insulation: Apply flexible blanket insulation with an approved
adhesive brushed on in 100mm (4") wide strips 300mm (12") OC and at all joints.
Seal all joints and perforations with foil faced self-adhesive tape.
.3 Ductwork exposed to outdoors: Impale rigid board on weld pins and speed washers
300mm (12") OC with a minimum of two rows per side on any side greater than
300mm (12"). Cut pins flush with surface of insulation and cover pins and joints
with foil faced self-adhesive tape. Finish with stainless steel jacket.
.2 Application: Provide external ductwork insulation in thickness as listed below:
.1 All supply air ductwork from fan discharge or unit outlet of air handling systems delivering
air at temperatures as noted below. This includes supply air ductwork connected to
discharge side of fan coil units, heat pumps, reheat coils and VAV terminals and air
handling systems with cooling and/or heating coils and direct or indirect fired burner
sections.
.1 Provide 25mm (1") thick for systems up to 30C or less air supply temperature.
.2 Provide 38mm (1") thick for systems with 30C or greater air supply
temperature.
.3 Outdoor intake ductwork, ductwork conveying mixed outdoor/return air and mixed
air plenums: 50mm (2) thick.
.4 Supply and return air ductwork located outdoors: 50mm (2") thick.
.5 Exhaust ductwork located outdoors: 50mm (2") thick.
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.6 Exhaust ductwork located indoors for a minimum of 3 m (10 ft.) back from the
discharge point to outdoors: 50mm (2") thick.
.2 Exceptions: external duct insulation is not required where:
1. Supply air ductwork installed exposed within conditioned space.
.1 Supply air ductwork installed concealed in ceiling spaces, whether ceiling
space used as return air plenum or not, is to be totally insulated.
2. Ductwork is internally insulated and located indoors.
3. Acoustic type flexible ductwork.
4. Duct silencers.

3.7 ENGINE EXHAUST PIPING AND SILENCER INSULATION
.1 Insulation to be applied with edges tightly butted and joints staggered. Fasten with 18 gauge
Type 304 stainless steel soft annealed wire for sizes up to 150mm (6) and 12mm () stainless
steel bands on 300mm (12) maximum centres, for 200mm (8) and larger sizes. Where required,
provide welded steel studs, clips or angle as anchors for wires and bands.
.2 System insulation to be covered with stainless steel wrap and bands.
.3 Insulation on [diesel exhaust piping], [engine exhaust], and [silencers] must be installed to
allow for expansion. Temperature of exhaust will be 482C (900F). All adhesives used on this
piping shall be suitable for temperatures involved.

3.8 EQUIPMENT AND MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS
.1 Chiller vessels: 20mm (3/4") fire retardant closed cell Armaflex on evaporator, suction piping, and
chilled water headers. Apply Armaflex with suitable adhesive and seal all joints with suitable
plastic tape. For chiller heads, provide one or two-piece slip-on field fabricated and fitted sections
held in place with metal bands with screwdriver operated tightening devices. Cover with Armaflex
finish. Do not insulate over registration and nameplates.
.2 Drains and water supplies for wall hung handicapped lavatories: preformed insulation and PVC
jacket.
.3 Radiant Ceiling Panels: Provide 2 (50mm) thick fibreglass batt insulation over all active sections
of radiant ceiling panels.
.4 Test ports and areas, which must be accessed for maintenance or testing, shall be insulated
using techniques that allow for easy removal and reinstallation without re-insulating.

3.9 HOT INSULATION - PLUMBING
.1 Application as per Clause Cold Insulation Plumbing.

3.10 HOT INSULATION - HEATING
.1 Application as per Clause Cold Insulation Plumbing.

3.11 HOT INSULATION - EQUIPMENT
.1 Insulation to be applied with edges tightly butted and joints staggered. Fasten with 18 gauge
Type 304 stainless steel soft annealed wire for sizes up to 150mm (6) and 12mm () stainless
steel bands on 300mm (12) maximum centres, for 200mm (8) and larger sizes. Where required,
provide welded steel studs, clips or angle as anchors for wires and bands. Insulation to have
canvas wrap.

3.12 INSULATION THICKNESSES
.1 Ductwork:
.1 Air unit casings 25 mm (1") all
.2 Supply ductwork 25 mm (1") all
.3 Fresh air intake ducts to air unit,
mix plenums or heat exchangers 50 mm (2") all
.4 Combustion air ducts 50 mm (2") all
.5 Air to air heat exchanger 50 mm (2") all
.6 Mixed air ducts from FA duct to heating coil 25 mm (1") all
.7 Ducts penetrating an exterior building surface 50 mm (2") for the last 3 M
.8 Exhaust ducts from heat exchanger to outlet 25 mm (1") all
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.9 Relief air ducts 50 mm (2") all
.10 Drip pans 25 mm (1") all
.11 Breeching 50 mm (2") all
.12 Chimneys (single wall) 50 mm (2") all
.13 Dryer vents 25 mm (1") all

.2 Piping:
.1 Cold Insulation Plumbing
Up to 2 25 mm (1) all
2 and over 25 mm (1) all
.2 Hot Insulation Plumbing
Up to 2 25 mm (1) all
2 and over 25 mm (1) all
.3 Tempered & Recirc Plumbing
Up to 2 25 mm (1) all
2 and over 25 mm (1) all
.4 Hot Insulation Heating
and smaller piping 25 mm (1") all
1 to 1 piping 38 mm (1) all
2 and over piping 50 mm (2) all
.5 Steam
Low pressure 50 mm (2") all
High pressure 75 mm (3) all
.6 Chilled Water & Glycol Piping
4 and smaller piping 50 mm (1) all
6 to 10 piping 38 mm (1) all
12 and over piping 50 mm (2) all
.7 Exhaust Piping and Silencers 75 mm (3) all
.8 Hot Insulation Equipment 50 mm (2) all
.9 Heating Condensate piping 25 mm (1") all
.10 Cooling Condensate piping 12 mm (") all
.11 Heat traced piping 25 mm (1") all
.12 Heat pump piping 25 mm (1") all
.13 Heat recovery piping 25 mm (1") all
.14 Refrigerant suction lines 18 mm (") all
.15 Plumbing vents
Up to 2 piping 25 mm (1) all
2 and over 25 mm (1) all
.16 Rain water leaders and drain bodies 25 mm (1") all

.3 Equipment:
.1 Expansion tanks 25 mm (1") all
.2 Air eliminators/separators 25 mm (1") all
.3 Domestic hot water tanks 50 mm (2") all
.4 Heat exchangers & converters 50 mm (2") all
.5 Domestic hot water converters 50 mm (2") all
.6 Engine exhausts 75 mm (3") all
.7 Domestic hot water storage tanks 50 mm (2") all
.8 Condensate receivers 50 mm (2") all
.9 Flash Tanks 50 mm (2") all
.10 Water meters 25 mm (1) all


3.13 PIPING
.1 Insulate and finish all fittings and flanges in the same manner and same thickness as piping. Use
mitred sections of the specified pipe covering.
.2 Apply insulation at temperature above 18C (65F) over clean, dry surfaces.
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.3 Butt adjoining sections of insulation firmly together with the longitudinal seam of the jacket located
on the bottom half of the pipe.
.4 All adhesive and finishes to be fire retardant or fire resistant when dry, and acceptable to
authorities having jurisdiction.
.5 Insulate and finish all valves, fittings and flanges on all piping systems in the same manner and
same thickness as piping. Use PVC jacketed mitred sections of the specified pipe covering or
pre-formed insulation to suit fitting. Provide canvas and lagging where PVC jackets are not used.
.6 Seal longitudinal lap joints with a suitable vapour barrier adhesive for cold and chilled water
piping and suitable cement capable of withstanding service temperature on hot water piping.
Cover circumferential butt joints with a strip of the same material as the jacket and cement as
indicated above. Cover all joints with foil faced self-adhesive tape on chilled and cold water
piping.
.7 Concealed insulated items require no further finish than provided in factory-applied jacket. Cover
exposed insulation and all insulated equipment with canvas, field applied, adhered and lap sealed
and finished off by a brush coat of approved sizing.
.8 Insulated piping exposed to outdoors: Apply aluminium protective covering over all insulated pipe
and fittings. All joints to be weather tight.
.9 On all domestic cold and chilled water piping:
.1 Oversized hangers are to be used on all cold and chilled water piping to allow for a
continuous run of pipe insulation and vapour barrier.
.2 For piping up to 25mm (1), protect insulation with a sheetmetal saddle installed between
the vapour barrier and the hanger.
.3 For piping 38mm (1) and larger, provide a supporting section of rigid insulation or non-
compressible material under the pipe inside the vapour barrier for the same length as the
saddle - see detail drawing.
.4 Where oversized hangers are not used, apply 12mm () insulation with vapour seal over
hanger and support rod for a distance of two pipe diameters up the rod from the
attachment point at the ring, clamp or clevis.
.5 Seal valves, fittings and flanges on cold and chilled water application in a manner as
specified for circumferential joints. On strainers, insulate over blow-down valves and
bushings or flanges required for strainer basket removal by providing a removable
prefabricated Armaflex cover held in place with a stainless steel gear clamp. Do not
insulate over blow-down valves and bushings or flanges for strainer basket removal on
condenser water piping.
.6 Seal end joints and perforations with 100mm (4") vapour barrier strips applied with the
same adhesives and cements as previously specified for cold and chilled water.
.10 On all steam and hot water piping:
.1 Oversized hangers are to be used on all steam and hot water piping to allow for a
continuous run of pipe insulation.
.2 For piping up to 38mm (1), protect insulation with a sheetmetal saddle installed
between the insulation wrap and the hanger.
.3 For piping 50mm (2) and larger, installation will include a pipe saddle welded to the pipe.
Fill void of saddle with matching pipe insulation and cut insulation covering tight to saddle
to allow it to run free on pipe rollers.
.11 Apply blanket type insulation on piping using an approved adhesive and seal all longitudinal and
transverse joints with foil-faced tape. Insulate pipe hanger in similar manner for a distance of two
pipe diameters up the rod beyond the attachment point at the ring, clamp or clevis.
.12 Insulation on piping where Victaulic couplings are used:
.1 In concealed areas provide insulation over couplings to same thickness as specified for
piping.
.2 In exposed areas (except mechanical and service rooms) increase insulation thickness
and provide one-half specified thickness over couplings to achieve the appearance of
uniform diameter of pipe and fittings.
.3 Where stainless steel sheet cladding is required, increase insulation thickness as
described in (2) above to achieve a standard and uniform diameter.
.13 On water-to-water heat pump circuits utilizing 50mm (2") insulation: At all ball valves, use 25mm
(1") insulation to allow space for valve handle operation.
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February 20, 2014


3.14 RADIANT PANELS
.1 Radiant ceiling panels: lay insulation over active sections only. Co-ordinate with Section 15700
Subtrade and follow panel Manufacturers instructions.

3.15 SCHEDULE OF WORK
.1 Insulation shall not be applied prior to flushing and pressure testing of pipe work.

3.16 VAPOR BARRIER FLEXIBLE DUCT INSULATION
.1 Rectangular Ductwork
.1 On ducts 600mm (24") wide and wider apply welded pin fasteners to bottom surface of
duct by impaling on welded pins on 300mm (12") centres. Spot adhesive on 300mm
(12") centres on all sides of duct. Apply insulation with edges tightly butted together and
secured with 100% coverage of 3-M No. 17 or approved alternate. Staple joints and seal
with 100mm (4") strips of vapor barrier foil of same quality as duct insulation membrane
sealed with BF 85-15.
.2 After installation of fasteners, cut pins and apply foil tape to cover completely.
.3 On ducts 575mm (23") wide or less insulation applied as above but welded pins may be
omitted.
.2 Round Ducts
.1 Adhere to duct surface applied in strips 150mm (6") wide, 300mm (12") o.c. Butt all
edges of insulation, staple and seal all joints with tape adhered over the joint. Seal all
breaks with vapor barrier type.
.3 Exposed Ducts
.1 Recover ducts exposed to view with 170 g. (6 oz.) canvas secured with Flintguard No.
120 white fire retardant lagging adhesive. Finish with brush coat of same adhesive.

3.17 VAPOUR BARRIER RIGID DUCT INSULATION
.1 Insulation applied with edges tightly butted and secured by impaling on pins welded to duct. Pins
to be staggered, minimum 300mm (12") o.c. in every direction. This applies to all sides. Secure
insulation to pins with metal fasteners. Pins shall be long enough to bend after fasteners have
been applied. Install two fasteners to all insulation on roof. Dab adhesive over pins and
fasteners.
.2 After installation of fasteners, cut pins and apply foil tape to cover completely.
.3 Seal all joints, edges and breaks in vapor seal jacket with vapor barrier foil of the same quality as
that of duct membrane 100mm (4") wide with BF 85-15 lagging adhesive.
.4 Wrap exposed ducts with fire retardant paper recovered with 170 g. (6 oz.) canvas secured with
Flintguard No. 120 white fire retardant lagging. Brush coat with same adhesive. Do not use
staples.



END OF SECTION 15180