First Order Homogeneous Ordinary Differential Equation With Initial Value As Triangular Intuitionistic Fuzzy Number

* Corresponding Author. Email address: sankar.res07@gmail.
com

First order homogeneous ordinary differential equation with initial
value as triangular intuitionistic fuzzy number

Sankar Prasad Mondal
1*
, Tapan Kumar Roy
1

(1) Department of Mathematics, Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur, Howrah-711103, West Bengal,
India

Copyright 2014 Sankar Prasad Mondal and Tapan Kumar Roy. This is an open access article distributed under the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any
medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract
In this paper first order homogeneous ordinary differential equation is described in intuitionistic fuzzy
environment. Here initial condition of the said differential equation is considered as triangular
intuitionistic fuzzy number. It is illustrated by numerical examples. Finally two elementary applications on
oil production and weight loss problems are described in intuitionistic fuzzy environment.

Keywords: Fuzzy set, Intuitionistic fuzzy number, Fuzzy differential equation. Triangular intuitionistic fuzzy
number.

1 Introduction
Zadeh [1] and Dubois and Parade [2] were the first who introduced the conception based on fuzzy
number and fuzzy arithmetic. Generalizations of fuzzy sets theory [1] is considered to be one of
Intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS). Out of several higher-order fuzzy sets, IFS was first introduced by Atanassov
[3] have been found to be suitable to deal with unexplored areas.The fuzzy set considers only the degree of
belongingness and non belongingness. Fuzzy set theory does not incorporate the degree of hesitation
(i.e.,degree of non-determinacy defined as, sum of membership function and non-membership
function.To handle such situations, Atanassov [4] explored the concept of fuzzy set theory by intuitionistic
fuzzy set (IFS) theory.The degree of acceptance in Fuzzy Sets is only considered, otherwise IFS is
characterized by a membership function and a non-membership function so that the sum of both values is
less than one [4].

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Journal of Uncertainty in Mathematics Science 2014 (2014) 1-17
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International Scientific Publications and Consulting Services
Basic arithmetic operations of TIFNs is defined by Deng-Feng Li in [5] using membership and non
membership values. Basic arithmetic operations of TIFNs such as addition,subtraction and multiplication
are defined by Mahapatra and Roy in [6], by considering the six tuple number itself and division by
A.Nagoorgani & K.Ponnalagu [7].
Now-a-days, IFSs are being studied extensively and being used in different fields of Science and
Technology. Amongst the all research works mainly on IFS we can include Atanassov [4,8-11], Atanassov
and Gargov [12], Szmidt and Kacprzyk [13], Buhaescu [14], Ban [15], Deschrijver and Kerre [16],
Stoyanova [17], Cornelis et al. [18], Buhaesku [19], Gerstenkorn and Manko [20], Stoyanova and
Atanassov [21], Stoyanova [22], Mahapatra and Roy [23], Hajeeh [24], Persona et al. [25], Prabha et al.
[26], Nikolaidis and Mourelatos [27], Kumar et al.[28] and Wang [29], Shaw and Roy [30], Adak et
al.[31], A.Varghese and S.Kuriakose [32].
It is seen that in recent years the topic of Fuzzy Differential Equations (FDEs) has been rapidly grown. In
the year 1987, the term fuzzy differential equation was introduced by Kandel and Byatt [33]. To study
FDE there have been many conceptions for the definition of fuzzy derivative. Chang and Zadeh [34] was
someone who first introduced the concept of fuzzy derivative, later on it was followed up by Dobois and
Prade [35] who used the extension principle in their approach. Other methods have been discussed by Puri
and Ralescu [36], Goetschel and Voxman [37], Seikkala [38] and Friedman et al. [39,40], Y. Cano, H.
Flores [41], E. Hllermeier [42], H.Y. Lan, J.J. Nieto [43], J.J. Nieto, R. Lpez, D.N. Georgiou [44]. First
order linear fuzzy differential equations or systems are researched under various interpretations in several
papers (see [45,46,47,48,49]).There are only few papers such as [50,51,52,53] in which intuitionistic fuzzy
number are applied in differential equation.
Fuzzy differential equations play an important role in the field of biology, engineering, physics as well as
among other field of science. For example, in population models [54], civil engineering [55],
bioinformatics and computational biology [56], quantum optics and gravity [57], modeling hydraulic [58],
HIV model [59], decay model [60], predator-prey model [61], population dynamics model [62], Friction
model [63], Growth model [64], Bacteria culture model [65], bank account and drug concentration
problem [66], barometric pressure problem [67]. First order linear fuzzy differential equations are sort of
equations which have many applications among all the Fuzzy Differential Equation.

2 Preliminary concepts
Definition 2.1. Fuzzy Set: A fuzzy set
in a universe of discourse X is defined as the following set of pairs
*(
()) )+ Here

: X[0,1] is a mapping called the membership value of xX in a fuzzy
set
.

Definition 2.2. Height: The height (
), of a fuzzy set
() ), is the largest membership

grade obtained by any element in that set i.e. (
)=
()

Definition 2.3. Convex Fuzzy sets: A fuzzy set
{(
())} is called convex fuzzy set if all

for every ,- are convex sets i.e. for every element
and
and
( )

,-. Otherwise the fuzzy set is called non-convex fuzzy set.

Definition 2.4. I ntuitionistic Fuzzy Set: Let a set be fixed. An IFS
in is an object having the form
()
() }, where the
() ,- and
() ,- define the degree

of membership and degree of non-membership respectively, of the element to the set
, which is a
subset of , for every element of ,
()
() .


Definition 2.5. ( )- Level I nterval or ( )-cuts: A set of ( )-cut, generated by an IFS
,Where
,- are fixed number such that is defined as
2.
()
()/
()
() ,-3

We define ( )- level Interval or ( )-cut, denoted by
, as the crisp set of elements which

belongs to
at least to the degree and which belong to
at most to the degree .

Definition 2.6. I ntuitionistic Fuzzy Number: An IFN
is defined as follows
i) an intuitionistic fuzzy subject of real line
ii) normal,i.e., there is any
such that
) (so
) )
iii) a convex set for the membership function
(), i.e.,
( )
) (
))
,-
iv) a concave set for the non-membership function
(), i.e.,
( )
) (
))
,-.

Definition 2.7. Triangular I ntuitionistic Fuzzy number: A TIFN
is a subset of IFN in R with following

membership function and non membership function as follows:
()
{

and
)
{

Where
and TIFN is denoted by
).

Note 1: Here
() increases with constant rate for ,
- and decreases with constant rate for

,
- but
) decreases with constant rate for ,
- and increases with constant rate for

,
-.

Definition 2.8. Trpezoidal I ntuitionistic Fuzzy number: A TrIFN
is a subset of IFN in R with following

membership function and non membership function as follows:
()
{

and

)
{

Where
and TrIFN is denoted by
).

Note -1: Here
() increases with constant rate for ,
- and decreases with constant rate for

,
- but
) decreases with constant rate for ,
- and increases with constant rate for

,
-.

Definition 2.9. Arithmetic operations of I ntuitionistic Fuzzy Number based on ( )-cuts Methods: If
is a IFN, then ( )-level interval or ( )-cuts is given by
{
,
()
()- ,-
,
()
()- ,-
with .
Here (i)
()
()
,-
()
()
and (ii)
()
()
,-
()
().
It is expressed as
*,
()
()- ,
()
()-+ ,-.
For instance, if
) then ( )-level interval or ( )-cuts is given by
*,
)- ,
)-+ , -
Where ,-.

Property 2.1. (a) If
) and (with ) then
is a TIFN
(
).
(b) If
) and (with ) then
is a TIFN
(
).

Property 2.2. If
) and
) are two TIFN, then

is also TIFN
).

Property 2.3. If
) and

is also TIFN
).

Property 2.4. If
) and
) are two TIFN, then their

product
is also TIFN
).

Property 2.5. If
) and
is also
TIFN
/.

Definition 2.10. If ,
( )
( )
( )
( )- be the solution of the Intutionistic fuzzy

differential equation then the solution is written as Intutionistic fuzzy number as bellow
(
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ))

Definition 2.11. Strong and Weak solution of I ntuitionistic Fuzzy ordinary differential equation:
Consider the 1
st
order linear homogeneous intuitionistic fuzzy ordinary differential equation
with (
. Here k or (and)
be triangular intuitionistic fuzzy number(s).

Let the solution of the above FODE be () and its ( )-cut be
( ) [,
( )
( )
( )
( )-]
The solution is a strong solution if
(i)
()
()
,-
( )
( )
and
(ii)
()
()
,-
( )
( ).
Otherwise the solution is week solution.

Definition 2.12. [68] Let ( ) and
( ). We say that is strongly generalized differential

at
(Bede-Gal differential) if there exists an element
) , such that
(i) for all sufficiently small, (
), (
) and the limits(in the

metric )
)
Or
(ii) for all sufficiently small, (
), (

metric )
)
Or
(iii) for all sufficiently small, (
), (

metric )
)
Or
(iv) for all sufficiently small, (
), (

metric )
)
( and at denominators mean
and
, respectively).

Definition 2.13. [69] Let be a function and denote () (( ) ( )), for each ,-.
Then
1) If is (i)-differentiable, then ( ) and ( ) are differentiable function and
()
(
( )
( )).
2) If is (ii)-differentiable, then ( ) and ( ) are differentiable function and
()
(
( )
( )).


Definition 2.14. Let , -
. The integral of in , -, ( denoted by ()

,-
or, ()
) is
defined levelwise as the set if integrals of the (real) measurable selections for ,-
, for each ,-. We

say that is integrable over , - if ()
,-

and we have
0 ()
()
()
1 for each ,-.

3 Differential Equation with initial value as Triangular Intuitionistic Fuzzy number
Consider the differential equation

with ()
) (3.1)

Case I:
Taking ( )-cut of equation (3.1) we get
(,
( )
( )- ,
( )
( )-) (,
( )
( )- ,
( )
( )-) (3.2)

With initial condition

(
) (,
()
()- ,
()
()- ,-)
i.e.,
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )

()
()
()
()

The solution is given by
( )
()
(
( )
()
(
( )
()
(
( )
()
(
)

Case II:
Let
Taking ( )-cut of equation (3.1) we get
(,
( )
( )- ,
( )
( )-) (,
( )
( )- ,
( )
( )-) (3.3)


(
) (,
()
()- ,
()
()- ,-)
i.e.,
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )

()
()
()
()

The solution is given by
( ) .
()
()
/
(
)
.
()
()
/
(
( ) .
()
()
/
(
)
.
()
()
/
(
( ) .
()
()
/
(
)
.
()
()
/
(
( ) .
()
()
/
(
)
.
()
()
/
(
)

4 Example
Example 4.1. Consider the FODE
with ( ) ( )
Solution: The solution is given by
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )

Here
()
()
()
()

Hence the solution is a strong solution.


Figure 1: For

The solution is a triangular Intuitionistic fuzzy number which is written as

)

The membership function and non-membership function as follows

()
{

and
()
{

Example 4.2. Consider the FODE
with ( ) ( )
Solution: The solution is given by
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
()
( ) ( )
()



Figure 2: For

The solution is a triangular Intutionistic fuzzy number which is written as

)

The membership function and non-membership functions are as follows
()
{

and

()
{

5 Applications
Applications 5.1. Oil production Model: The rate of increase of world oil production y in million metric
tons per year was assumed to be proportional to y itself. Then what is the amount of oil after five years if
initially ( ) million metric ton oil is there.(the constant of
proportionality is ).

Solution:
with and
( ) million The solution

is
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )



Figure 3: For years


)


()
{

and
()
{

Applications 5.2. Weight-loss: Over-weight people on diet and treatment gradually reduce their weight y.
The time rate of decrease of weight y is assumed to be proportional to to the weight y itself. If initially the
wait is ( ) lb. What is the wait after 30 days?(The Constant of proportionality is

)

Solution:
where
()
( ) and

The solution is
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
()
( ) ( )
()



Figure 4: For t=30 days

)


()
{

and
()
{

6 Conclusion
In this paper we have solved first order homogeneous ordinary differential equation in intuitionistic
fuzzy environment. Here we have discussed initial value as intuitionistic fuzzy number. The intutionistic
fuzzy number is taken as triangular intuitionistic fuzzy number. Oil Production and Weight Loss problems
are discussed in intuitionistic fuzzy environment. For further work the same process can be solved by
using generalised triangular intutionistic fuzzy number, generalized trapizoidal intuitionistic fuzzy number,
generalized L-R type intuitionistic fuzzy number. Also we can follow the same for first order non
homogeneous ordinary differential equation. This process can be followed for any economical, bio-
mathematical and engineering sciences problem in fuzzy environment.


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First Order Homogeneous Ordinary Differential Equation With Initial Value As Triangular Intuitionistic Fuzzy Number

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in a universe of discourse X is defined as the following set of pairs

() ), is the largest membership

())} is called convex fuzzy set if all

in is an object having the form

() ,- define the degree

, as the crisp set of elements which

at least to the degree and which belong to

at most to the degree .

is a subset of IFN in R with following

and TIFN is denoted by

() increases with constant rate for ,

- and decreases with constant rate for

) decreases with constant rate for ,

- and increases with constant rate for

is a subset of IFN in R with following

and TrIFN is denoted by

() increases with constant rate for ,

- and decreases with constant rate for

) decreases with constant rate for ,

- and increases with constant rate for

is a IFN, then ( )-level interval or ( )-cuts is given by

) then ( )-level interval or ( )-cuts is given by

) and (with ) then

) and (with ) then

) are two TIFN, then

) are two TIFN, then

) are two TIFN, then their

) are two TIFN, then

( )- be the solution of the Intutionistic fuzzy

be triangular intuitionistic fuzzy number(s).

( ). We say that is strongly generalized differential

(Bede-Gal differential) if there exists an element

) and the limits(in the

) and the limits(in the

) and the limits(in the

) and the limits(in the

. The integral of in , -, ( denoted by ()

, for each ,-. We

1 for each ,-.

( ) million The solution

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