Geologia Universidad de Freiburg PDF

Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-
University Freiburg
Module guide
MSc !eology and
MSc !eology "
S#eciali$ation
!eochemistry
Freiburg, %ovember &', &()*
Index of Contents
)& Freiburg+s core areas of e,#ertise in research and education-
)&) Im#act crater research and .lanetary !eology -
)&& Structural !eology, Sedimentology and /ectonics0
)&* !eological Modeling0
)&- !eodynamics and .etrology0
)&0 !eochemistry of 1ater and 2rustal Fluids and water-roc3 interaction'
)&' A##lied and Environmental !eochemistry'
)&4 2lassical growth of semiconductor crystals4
)&5 2rystal growth in e,ternal fields4
)* Analytical devices for modern 6uantitative geosciences 4
)- /he a##lication to the MSc #rograms5
2. M.Sc. General Geology and Specialization Geochemistry ..........................10
&) !eneral 2om#ulsory Modules)(
&* 2om#ulsory Modules " S#eciali$ation !eochemistry))
&- Electives " !eneral !eology)&
&0 Electives " !eochemistry)*
4. Modules.....................................................................................................1
-) Lithos#here)5
-& 7ydrogeology&)
-* Field /ri#s and Seminars I&-
-- Field /ri#s and Seminars II&4
-0 2om#uter Methods *(
-' !eo#hysics *&
-4 .lanetary and Im#act !eology*-
-5 Structural !eology and Seismics*4
-8 Field Ma##ing-)
-)( .hysical and 2hemical Analytical .rocedures-*
-)) A##lied Mineralogy-0
-)& !eochemistry-4
-)* .etrology -8
&
-)- Advanced Analytical Mineralogy0)
-)0 S#ecial /o#ics in 2rystalline Materials0-
-)' S#ecial /o#ics in !eosciences0'
-)4 Sedimentary !eology08
-)5 9heology and /e,tures')
*
) MSc !eology and MSc !eology " S#ecialisation
!eochemistry
/his module guide #rovides students information about the MSc degree #rogram
:Geology: that can be either studied as :General Geology; or as :Geology - Specialisation
Geochemistry: /he Master of Science <MSc= is an internationally accredited certificate that
can be com#leted within four semesters /he guide informs students about the vision, the
structure, and the course of the master #rogram and #rovides necessary details of the
individual courses and modules /ogether with the master #rogram :Crystalline materials; it
reflects the main areas of geo-scientific research in Freiburg /hese are outlined below
1.1 !hy choose one of our masters programs in geosciences in "rei#urg$
/he Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences belongs to the Faculty for the
Environment and %atural 9esources It has also strong connections to the Freiburger
Materialforschungs$entrum <FMF=, the Fraunhofer Institut f>r ?ur$$eitdynami3, Ernst-Mach-
Institut <EMI=, and the Fraunhofer Institutes Institut f>r Solare Energiesysteme <ISE=, Institut
f>r Angewandte Fest3@r#er#hysi3 <IAF= and Institut f>r .hysi3alische Messtechni3 <I.M= All
these institutes can be reached from each other within minutes /he Institute is housed in
recently renovated buildings and #rovides e,cellent conditions for study /here are
com#uter rooms that are readily available to students, and faculty and institutional libraries
that are well stoc3ed Students in the Master #rogram have s#ecially dedicated offices A
student refectory and the University I/ Services <9echen$entrum= are in the immediate
vicinity of the Institute buildings /he Institute is situated on the so-called AInstitutes BuarterA
of Freiburg, only a few minutes wal3ing distance from the city centre
1.2 "rei#urg%s core areas of expertise in research and education
/he scientific interests of the Institute of !eosciences cover a wide s#ectrum of fields
/hese range from #etrology, sedimentology, and structural geology to #lanetary geology and
im#act crater research and, across as#ects of geothermal energy, water geochemistry, and
environmental mineralogy, to the growth of industrially relevant single crystals and the fine
structures of crystalline materials More s#ecifically branches of research at the Institute of
!eosciences at the University Freiburg areC
1.2.1 Impact crater research and &lanetary Geology
/he collision of solid bodies is #robably the most fundamental geological #rocess in our
solar system It is not only res#onsible for the formation of #lanets and satellites, it also
-
steadily resha#ed #lanetary surfaces and formed the structure of #arts of the EarthDs crust
and #roduced economically im#ortant de#osits Im#act #rocesses delivered organic
com#ounds to the early Earth and re#eatedly influenced the evolution of life /he current
im#act ris3 must not be neglected 1e a##ly high-s#eed and analogue e,#eriments in
addition to micro-structural analysis, field surveying, and remote sensing to understand s#lit-
second geology 9ecently, a research unit <Forschergru##e= :E,#erimental im#act cratering;
financed by the !erman 9esearch Foundation EF! was established at the Institute A close
collaboration e,ists to Fraunhofer Ernst-Mach-Institut <EMI=
Im#act crater research is closely lin3ed to #lanetology Fur 3nowledge on the solar
system currently increases ra#idly due to the technological develo#ment of s#ace
e,#loration techni6ues and allows for discovering the geology of other #lanetary bodies by
means of remote sensing techni6ues .lanetology and .lanetary !eology are a develo#ing
interdisci#linary em#loyment mar3et for geo-scientists in the future and are therefore #art
of the Master curriculum /he im#lementation of im#act and #lanetary geology is a uni6ue
selling #oint of Freiburg+s Master !eology #rogram in !ermany
1.2.2 Structural Geology' Sedimentology and (ectonics
Eeci#hering the #ast is the 3ey to understand the #resent and the future Structural
!eology, Sedimentology and /ectonics are core subGects in geology that are aimed at
analy$ing the evolution of the Earth and to use the Earth+s economic de#osits A##lied
techni6ues range from classical field ma##ing to 6uantitative modeling and from remote
sensing to nano-scale investigations, and also com#rise a number of in house e,#erimental
set-u#s Structural !eology, Sedimentology and /ectonics contribute to many fields of actual
social 6uestions and #roblems, such as natural resource recovery <water, oil, gas, economic
minerals=, natural ha$ards <earth 6ua3es, landslides, tsunamis, volcanic eru#tions=, and in
the management of the environment <long term storage of radioactive material,
contamination of water reservoirs=
1.2.) Geological Modeling
2urrent research interests in geological modeling focus on <i= the analysis and #rediction
of tectonic stresses at the outcro# and regional geological scale, <ii= mountain-building
#rocesses and the develo#ment of to#ogra#hy and relief in orogenic belts li3e the Al#s as a
result of u#lift, e,humation, and erosion, and <iii= the dynamics of landslides Buantitative
modeling is conducted by analytical a##roaches as well as discreti$ation methods li3e finite
element modeling
1.2.4 Geodynamics and &etrology
/he mineral association and structure of roc3s ultimately result from dynamic, large scale
geologic #rocesses of #lanet Earth !eodynamic #rocesses include the building of mountain
ranges such as the 7imalayas and the Al#s, the formation of island arc systems, and the
ma3ing of ocean floor along mid-ocean s#reading ridges /he dynamic building of mountain
belts and associated #late trans#ort move roc3 units along s#ecific #ressure-tem#erature-
0
time #aths <./t #ath= /he continually changing #ressure and tem#erature conditions cause
chemical reactions in roc3s that change the mineral associations and te,tures of the roc3s
Eeci#hering the reaction and deformation history of roc3s elucidates the details of #lanetary
geodynamics Mid-ocean ridges are the #lace where more than 4( H of the EarthDs crust is
formed /he study of this fundamental crust forming #rocess is therefore 3ey to our
understanding of #late tectonics and the dynamic Earth /he most im#ortant insight into the
lower oceanic crust and u##er mantle that we have today comes from drill cores obtained
during drilling #rograms such as FE. and IFE. #rograms and dredging onboard research
vessels Fur research includes subGects such as melt generation and melt migration, melt-
roc3 interaction, cooling #rocesses and the scales of mantle heterogeneity
1.2.* Geochemistry of !ater and Crustal "luids and +ater,roc- interaction
/he chemical interaction of water and roc3 is one of the most fascinating and
multifaceted #rocesses in geology /he com#osition of surface water and groundwater is
largely controlled by the reaction of water with roc3s and minerals At elevated
tem#erature, hydrothermal features, hydrothermal ore de#osits, and geothermal fields are
associated with chemical effects of water-roc3 interaction Iolatiles are also ubi6uitous
constituents of magmatic systems and significantly affect the #hysical and chemical
#ro#erties of magmas and conse6uently the genesis and evolution of magmas, the volcanic
eru#tion styles and the gas s#ecies released to the atmos#here
Surface outcro#s of roc3s from dee#er levels in the crust, including e,#osures of lower
crustal and mantle roc3, often dis#lay structures that formed by interaction of the roc3 with
a su#ercritical a6ueous fluid at very high #/-conditions Understanding water-roc3
interaction is also of great im#ortance to a##lied geology and geochemistry, #articularly in
areas such as geothermal energy, nuclear waste re#ositories, and a##lied hydrogeology
)&' A##lied and Environmental !eochemistry
Mineralogy and geochemistry #lay an essential role in establishing #rocedures for solving
environmental #roblems caused by human activity /he environment at or near the surface
of the Earth is affected by various #rocesses both natural and anthro#ogenic /hese
#rocesses can be studied by using mineralogical and geochemical methods, thus o#ening u#
a broad research field, which includes to#ics, such asC <i= the release, trans#ort, dis#ersal of
to,ic substances from re#ositories, industrial facilities, mining sites, <ii= characteri$ation and
trac3ing of atmos#heric dust, <iii= environmental im#act of energy recovery, <iv= weathering
of building stones, <v= health im#act of contaminated water, volcanic gases, and aerosols and
<vi= containment of to,ic and nuclear waste with mineralogical or geochemical barriers
Fne of the 3ey conce#ts in a##lied and environmental geochemistry is that by #roviding
e,am#les from the geological history, %ature teaches us how to alleviate current #roblems
and #redict the future of our environment /his as#ect of Earth Sciences is an e,citing area
of fundamental research, in which material #ro#erties and #rocesses are studied with
em#hasis on a##lications to #ressing #roblems of societies worldwide
'
1.2.. Classical gro+th of semiconductor crystals
Semiconductor materials li3e silicon, lead iodide, and cadmium telluride are of high
im#ortance in a number of industries li3e the com#uter industry 9elevant #hysical
#ro#erties of such materials are often only achieved if the re6uired semiconducting building
bloc3s are cut from large single crystals of the corres#onding chemical element or
com#ound 1e o#timi$e conditions for the growth of such crystals, a growth which usually
ta3es #lace at high tem#eratures in s#ecial furnaces 2lose collaborations e,ist with the
Fraunhofer Institut f>r Solare Energiesysteme <ISE=, Institut f>r Angewandte
Fest3@r#er#hysi3 <IAF= and Institut f>r .hysi3alische Messtechni3 <I.M=
1.2. Crystal gro+th in external fields
/o im#rove the 6uality of our a##lication-relevant semiconductor crystals with res#ect to
#urity and #osition-inde#endent structural uniformity, we investigate crystal growth also in
e,ternal fields /hese may be stationary or rotating magnetic fields or :!ravity fields; li3e
under microgravity In the latter case e,#eriments are underta3en in s#ace in s#ecial
<manned= #lanes, <unmanned= roc3ets or <in the future= in the ISS <international s#ace
station=
1.) /nalytical de0ices for modern 1uantitati0e geosciences
/he institute hosts a #re#aration laboratory for crushing, sieving, mineral se#arating, as
well as for #re#aring high-6uality #olished thin sections of geo-materials /he institute runs a
<*((( 3%= tria,ial loading frame for determination of the mechanical #ro#erties of solid
roc3s /he deformation behavior of roc3s and the 3inematics of gravity-driven mass
movements are studied in an analogue laboratory e6ui##ed with #article image velocimetry
and stereo cameras !eo#hysical devices for field surveys <geo-electric, seismic, georadar=
are available
For the structural and chemical characteri$ation of natural roc3s and man-made #roducts
two scanning electron microsco#es e6ui##ed with EEJ and an electron bac3scattered
detector <EKSE=, an electron micro#robe, and several o#tical microsco#es are used 1hite-
light interferometry is a##lied for the characteri$ation of surface to#ogra#hies
/he structure of crystals " from the millimeter down to the #icometer scale " can most
effectively be investigated using J-ray methods 1e use these methods to detect
im#erfections or inhomogeneities in a crystal LJ-ray to#ogra#hyM, to measure with highest
#recision the so-called lattice #arameters Lhigh-resolution J-ray diffractometryM, to
determine accurately the arrangement of the atoms in the crystal LJ-ray single crystal
diffractometryM, or to identify the com#onents of a crystal #owder, eg a mineral #owder LJ-
ray #owder diffractometryM /race element concentrations in natural waters, soils, and other
materials can be analy$ed with our atomic absor#tion s#ectrometry <Flame AAS and
!ra#hite Furnace AAS= and other e6ui#ment <UI-IIS, I2, 2S7
&
F-Eeterminators=
4
1ith our e6ui#ment for differential thermal analysis and differential scanning calorimetry
we are able to study so-called #hase transitions, eg melting or solidification, or the
transition of a certain atomic arrangement in the crystals of a com#ound into a different
arrangement <#olymor#hic transition= with res#ect to transition tem#eratures or transition
enthal#ies /hermogravimetry is used to monitor 6uantitatively weight changes, which are,
eg, caused by thermal decom#osition #rocesses leading to new chemical com#ounds
1.4 (he application to the M.Sc. programs
/he a##lication #rocedures for both graduate #rograms are available online /he
a##lication form can be downloaded <htt#CNN#ortaluni-freiburgdeNmaster-
geoN#ros#ectivestudentsNa##lication= A##lication deadline is May )0 each year Koth
curricula may be started in fall only /he MSc #rogram !eology is accessible to all students,
who have ac6uired a KSc in !eology, !eosciences, Earth Science or Mineralogy from a
!erman university, or from other universities and colleges world-wide <in accordance with
certain 6uality control criteria= Students holding a KSc degree in one of the other natural
sciences <2hemistry, .hysics, Kiology, Environmental Science= may also be granted admission
to the #rogram In the latter case, the choice of maGor will be determined from the studentAs
educational bac3ground, and some of the fundamental !eoscience courses from the KSc
curriculum will have to be ta3en as electives
Buestions concerning the general a##lication and admission #rocedure to the MSc
.rogram !eology should be addressed to the dean of student affairs of the Institute of
!eosciences, .rof Er /homas ?en3mann andNor to the Student Advisory Service #rovided
by .rof Er 9eto !iere and Er 7ei3e Ulmer For organi$ational 6ueries concerning the
course of study the student secretary is contact #erson
Student Advisory Service MSc 2rystalline Materials
Er 7ei3e UlmerC (4')N&(*-'-5(O ulmerPuni-freiburgdeO Albertstr &*-K, &
nd
floor, room (& ()-
.rof Er 9eto !ierQ, (4')N&(*-'-(8O gierePuni-freiburgdeO Albertstr &*-K, )
st
floor, room () (&'
Student Secretary
Mrs 1ib3e ?owals3iC R-8 <(=4')N&(*-'*85O wib3e3owals3iPmin#etuni-freiburgdeO Albertstr &*-K,
)
st
floor, room () (&(
E,amination FfficeC
Mrs Ursula Striegel, R-8 <(=4') &(*-*'(0O Albert-Ludwigs-UniversitSt, .r>fungsamt der
Fa3ultSt f>r Umwelt und %at>rliche 9essourcen, E-48(50 Freiburg im Kreisgau
5
1.* !hat ma-es up our masters programs$
/he !eosciences at the Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg offer two research-oriented
curricula <with )&( E2/S-.oints each= that lead to a Master of Science degree <MSc= either
in :!eology; or in ;2rystalline Materials; Ffficial language of both #rograms is English
In contrast to the more rigidly structured KSc #rogram, the educational #rofile of the
MSc curriculum !eology can be assembled individually by selecting several courses <&4-*)
E2/S #oints= according to a studentAs interest A ma,imum of two modules <)& E2/S #oints=
may be im#orted from other areas <eg natural sciences, languages= /he individual study
#rogram must be assembled with the hel# of, and a##roved by, a commission of advisors at
the beginning of the MSc curriculum in order to ensure that the #rogram achieves a
meaningful de#th /he course details of the MSc curriculum are listed in se#arate
documents
1.*.1 M.Sc. Geology 2 General Geology
/his master #rogram is a sound configuration of modules that is aimed at #roviding a
broad education in geology /he course load systematically decreases with increasing
semester status 2om#ulsory modules are commonly ta3en in the first two semesters and
com#rise of 08 E2/S #oints Elective courses <*) E2/S-#oints= #artly built on com#ulsory
modules <eg 9heology and /e,tures= and should be #redominantly ta3en in the second #art
of the master #rogram /hey allow to delve into certain thematic as#ects of !eology, li3e
Structural !eology and /ectonics /he s#ectrum will be further e,tended when the currently
vacant .rofessorshi# #osition on :%ear-surface !eo#hysics; is filled <most li3ely SS &()-=
/he fourth semester is reserved for the #re#aring the Master thesis
1.*.2 M.Sc. Geology 2Specialization Geochemistry
/his master-#rogram allows for a s#eciali$ation in !eochemistry /he com#ulsory courses
deal with geochemical and mineralogical as#ects, including .etrology, 7ydrogeology,
Analytical Methods, Advanced Analytical Mineralogy etc, and com#rise of '* E2/S #oints
/he elective courses com#rise of &4 E2/S #oints and include those modules that are
com#ulsory in the !eneral !eology master
8
2. M.Sc. General Geology and Specialization
Geochemistry
2.1 General Compulsory Modules
Annotations: B = Block Course, L = Lecture, P = Practical Course, F = Field Course
Module 3ame 4esponsi#ility Course name (ype 5C(S points Sem.
Lithos#here /i##er !eodynamics of the
Lithos#here
LR. * )
7istorical Eevelo#ment of
the Lithos#here
L * )
7ydrogeology

Kucher

A6ueous !eochemistry LR. * )
Advanced 7ydrogeology LR. * &
Field /ri#s and Seminars I Stein Field /ri#s and Iisits at
Industrial Facilities
F 0 ) R &
9esearch Seminar S * ) R &
!eoscience 2ollo6uium ) ) R &
Field /ri#s and Seminars II

?en3mann

Field /ri#s and Iisits at
Industrial Facilities
F - * R -
9esearch Seminar S * * R -
!eoscience 2ollo6uium S ) * R -
)(
2.2 Compulsory Modules , General Geology
2om#uter Methods 7ergarten 2om#uter Methods LR. ' )
!eo#hysics /rullen6ue !eo#hysical Field Methods LR.RF ' &
.lanetary and Im#act
!eology

?en3mann

Im#act !eology LR. * )
.lanetary !eology LR. * &
Structural !eology
and Seismics

Stein

Seismic Inter#retation LR.RF * &
Stress and Strain LR. * &
Field Ma##ing ?en3mann Inde#endent Ma##ing
E,ercise
F ' *
2.) Compulsory Modules 2 Specialization Geochemistry
.hysical and
2hemical Analytical
.rocedure
Eanilews3y .hysical and 2hemical
Analytical .rocedures
LR. ' )
A##lied Mineralogy !ierQ Energy, 1aste, and the
Environment
LR. * &
Modern 2eramics, 2ements,
and !lasses
LR. - )
!eochemistry Martine$

Isoto#e !eochemistry LR. - &
Kiogeochemical
1eathering
LR. * &
.etrology Kucher

Metamor#hic .etrology LR. * &
Iolcanology LR. * &
))
Advanced Analytical
Mineralogy
2r@ll

Advanced Analytical
Mineralogy
LR. * &
7igh-9esolution
S#ectrosco#y
LR. * &
/hermal Analysis . & *
T Additional courses will be offered, covering a range of to#ics <see semester schedule=
E,ternal courses may be ta3en for credit from the following to#icsC Soil Science, 7ydrology,
Meteorology, .hysics, Mathematics, 2hemistry, Kiology, Languages
2.4 5lecti0es 2 General Geology
Module 3ame 4esponsi#ility Course 3ame (ype 5C(S
&oints
Semester
.hysical and 2hemical
Eanilews3y .hysical and 2hemical
LR. ' )
A##lied Mineralogy !ierQ

Energy, 1aste, and the
Environment
LR. * &
Modern 2eramics, 2ements,
and !lasses
LR. - )
!eochemistry Martine$

Isoto#e !eochemistry LR. - &
Kiogeochemical
1eathering
LR. * &
.etrology Kucher

Metamor#hic .etrology LR. * &
tba tba LR. * &
Advanced Analytical
Mineralogy
2r@ll

Advanced Analytical
Mineralogy
LR. * &
7igh-9esolution
S#ectrosco#y
LR. * &
/hermal Analysis . & *
)&
Sedimentary !eology /i##er

Se6uence Stratigra#hy K & &
Sedimentology and
Stratigra#hy
LR. - *
9heology and
/e,tures
Stein 9heology and /e,tures LR.RF * *
9eservoir !eomechanics LR. & *
S#ecial /o#ics in
2rystalline Materials
Eanilews3y

variable variable variable ), &, *
S#ecial /o#ics in
!eosciences
?en3mann variable variable variable ), &, *
2.* 5lecti0es 2 Geochemistry
Module 3ame 4esponsi#ility Course 3ame (ype 5C(S &oints Semester
2om#uter Methods 7ergarten 2om#uter Methods LR. ' )
!eo#hysics /rullen6ue !eo#hysical Field Methods LR.RF ' &
.lanetary and Im#act
!eology
?en3mann Im#act !eology LR. * )
.lanetary !eology LR. * &
Structural !eology
and Seismics
Stein Seismic Inter#retation LR.RF * &
Stress and Strain LR. * &
Sedimentary !eology /i##er

Se6uence Stratigra#hy K & &
Sedimentology and
Stratigra#hy
LR. - *
Field Ma##ing ?en3mann Inde#endent Ma##ing F ' *
9heology and
/e,tures
Stein 9heology and /e,tures LR.RF * *
9eservoir !eomechanics LR. & *
S#ecial /o#ics in
2rystalline Materials
Eanilews3y variable variable variable ), &, *
)*
S#ecial /o#ics in
!eosciences
?en3mann variable variable variable ), &, *
T Additional courses will be offered, covering a range of to#ics <see semester schedule=
E,ternal courses may be ta3en for credit from the following to#icsC Soil Science,
7ydrology, Meteorology, .hysics, Mathematics, 2hemistry, Kiology, Languages
)-
)0
)'
)4
4. Modules
T /he heading :/y#e; s#ecifies the com#ulsory <2= or elective <E= status of the module for the MSc
!eology " !eneral !eology and the MSc !eology " S#ecialisation !eochemistry #rograms
4.1 6ithosphere
6ecturer7s8
a= .rof Er S 7ergarten
b= .rof Er U 2 /i##er
(ypeT
2 !eology
2 !eochem
!or-load
)5( h
Credits
' E2/S
(erm
1S
Cycle
annual
9uration
) term
Course : Course 3ame
a= !eodynamics of the Lithos#here
b= 7istorical Eevelo#ment of the
Lithos#here
&resence
& s##w N *( h
& s##w N *( h
&ri0ate study
'( h
'( h
&articipants
&0
&0
6earning goals and 1ualifications
Eifferent as#ects of the lithos#here are discussed in this module In relation to the overall
#rofile it #rovides #rofound 3nowledge on the evolution and the recent dynamics of the
lithos#here and thus a basic 6uantitative understanding of #rocesses re6uired in several
other modules /his is relevant for both the general master #rogram and the s#eciali$ation in
!eochemistry
/he individual 6ualifications and s3ills of the module are s#ecified belowC
a= Students learn to describe the mechanical and thermal #rocesses res#onsible for #late
tectonics 6uantitatively Kased on this 3nowledge, they learn how to derive information
on the evolution of the lithos#here and the asthenos#here from data measured at the
earthAs surface, eg, earth6ua3es, to#ogra#hy, recent u#lift, and heat flow
b= Students learn the characteristics of the modern lithos#here and the #hysical , chemical
and biological #rocesses res#onsible for its formation and develo#ment Ky recogni$ing
the #rinci#al mechanisms for lithos#here formation students attem#t to e,#lain the
evolution of the lithos#here from the Archean to the #resent
Sylla#us
a= /he main focus of this course is on relating geologic #rocesses in the lithos#here
6uantitatively to the basic #hysical #rinci#les of mechanics and heat trans#ort After
introducing the main #henomena of #late tectonics, the #ro#erties of the different ty#es
of #late boundaries are discussed in detail, and the 3inematics is considered
6uantitatively as well as the basic forces As the second maGor to#ic, heat trans#ort being
the most im#ortant #rocess behind #late tectonics is discussed in detail /hen,
mechanical #henomena, namely gravity, isostasy, and fle,ure, are considered Finally, the
im#ortance of short-term #henomena, eg, #ostglacial rebound, is discussed
b= /he course concerns itself with first identifying, describing and analy$ing some of the
#rinci#al #rocesses involved in the develo#ment of the lithos#here A reconstruction of
some as#ects of the history of the lithos#here is then attem#ted, from the Archaean to
the #resent day Alternative view#oints are #resented in many cases, to stress that the
history of the Earth is still by no means fully understood
(eaching form
a= Lecture R .ractical course with calculation of mechanical #henomena associated with
#late motions
b= Lecture R Seminar with discussion of 3ey #a#ers
5xamination form
Achievement of learning goals <unmar3ed=C
a= 7omewor3
b= .resentation in class
E,amination <mar3ed=C
one mar3ed written re#ort
&rere1uisites for attending
a= R b= %one
;sage of the module
---
4ecommended reading
a= St>we, ? <&((4=C !eodynamics of the Lithos#here S#ringer, -8*
/urcotte, EL V Schubert, ! <&((&=C !eodynamics 2ambridge University .ress, -4&
6ecture notes
htt#sCNNcam#usonlineuni-freiburgde
4.2 <ydrogeology
6ecturer7s8
a= Er 9 Martine$
b= .rof Er I Stober
(ype
2 !eology
2 !eochem
!or-load
)5( h
Credits
' E2/S
(erm
a= 1S
b= SS
Cycle
annual
9uration
& terms
a= A6ueous !eochemistry
b= Advanced 7ydrogeology
&resence
& s##w N *( h
& s##w N *( h
&ri0ate study
'( h
'( h
&articipants
&0
&0
In relation to the overall #rofile this module #rovides #rofound 3nowledge of #rocesses that
are affected by surface or groundwater Im#ortant in#ut for the module .etrology is given as
far as the reaction of water with roc3s and minerals is concerned
a= U#on com#letion of this course the students are e,#ected to learn of the e,istence of
new methodologies a##licable to #roblems in a6ueous geochemistry and be able to ma3e
critical inter#retations of current research in a6ueous <bio=geochemistry through the
association of the basic conce#ts of a6ueous geochemistry learned in the KSc
#rogramme
b= Students reca#itulate the fundamentals of hydrogeology and e,#and their 3nowledge to
an advanced level /hey characteri$e com#le, geological situations by means of their
#otential as ground water reservoirs Kased on this they calculate #ermeabilities,
hydraulic and chemical #ro#erties for a variety of hard roc3 a6uifers and fractured roc3s
/he students evaluate geothermal energy #roGects
Sylla#us
a= /his course will have a seminar format were current research to#ics in a6ueous
<bio=geochemistry will be discussed through the assessment of current Gournal articles in
the field Introduction to methods including #otentiometric, electrochemical and
synchrotron based methods will be #resented by the instructor in regards to their
a##lication to a6ueous <bio=geochemistry #roblems Modeling a##roaches to a6ueous
<bio=geochemical #roblems may be introduced
b= /his advanced course dee#ens the basic fundamentals from the introductory course of
the KSc #rogram Its focus is on #arameters that determine the #ro#erties of
groundwater reservoirs and the conse6uences of the reservoir #ro#erties for
groundwater flow !roundwater in low-#ermeability roc3s and in fractured hardroc3
a6uifers builds the bridge to the fields :!eothermal Energy; and :Environmental
!eochemistry;
(eaching form
a= Lecture and Seminar #resentations Eiscussion of relevant recent literature Gournal
articles
b= Lecture R Seminar, discussion of results
5xamination form
homewor3
E,aminationC
Fne mar3ed written e,am
a= 9ecommendedC Kasic 2hemistry and Kiology courses
b= 9ecommendedC basic 3nowledge in hydrogeology e6uivalent to the Elective Module
:1asser; of the KSc !eowissenschaften, in #articular :7ydrogeologie;
;sage of the module
-----
4ecommended reading
a= -Madigan, Martin3o, .ar3er <&(((= Kroc3 biology of microorganisms, .rentice-7all, %ew
Uersey, USA, # 88)
-Erever U I, /he !eochemistry of %atural 1aters, .rentice 7all, )884, # 0'(
-Langmuir E, A6ueous Environmental !eochemistry, .rentice 7all, )884, # '((
-Stumm 1, Morgan UU, A6uatic 2hemistry, 1iley-Interscience, )88', # )(&&
-7arris E 2, Buantitative 2hemical Analysis, Freeman, )880, # 5-(
b= Kear, U <)848=C 7ydraulics of !roundwater Mc!raw-7ill, 0'4
6ecture notes
4.) "ield (rips and Seminars I
6ecturer7s8
a= All staff
b= Frgani$ed by .rof Er U 2 /i##erO Er 7 M>ller-Sigmund
c= Invited e,ternal s#ea3ers
(ype
2 !eology
2 !eochem
!or-load
&4( h
Credits
8 E2/S
(erm
1SNSS
Cycle
annual
9uration
& terms
a= Field /ri#s and Iisits at Industrial
Facilities
b= 9esearch Seminar
c= !eoscience 2ollo6uium
&resence
)( days N)((
& s##w N '( h
) s##w N *( h
&ri0ate study
0( h
*( h
( h
&articipants
&(
*(
*(
In this module the core e,#ertise of geoscientists " field wor3 " is trained more e,tensive
than it was #ossible in the KSc #rogram E,cursions are aimed at testing, a##lying and
accom#anying the theoretical 3nowledge ac6uired in the lectures and are ideal occasions
for e,change between students and lecturer Field tri#s are grou#ed together with in-house
seminars, because the latter #rovide another #latform for further geoscientific conversation
and to gain u#-to-date geologic informations
a= U#on #artici#ation at field tri#s the students refine their #ower of observation Students
write concise re#orts /hey enhance higher-order cognitive s3ills, and in6uiry s3ills, and
understand geological #rocesses in time and s#ace Students im#rove in geo-literacy and
in 3nowledge of the regional geology Iisiting at industrial facilities students gain hands-
on e,#erience in manufacturing #rocesses, a##lication of geosciences in energy and
materialsD develo#ment and #roduction, wor3ing life, and career #ros#ects
b= /he students #artici#ating in the research seminar im#rove their abilities of #resenting
scientific to#ics /hey defend their results in scientific discussions /hey identify #ossible
flaws, misinter#retations or inconsistencies in their own wor3 and in those of other
lecturers Students critically dis#ute scientific to#ics and use the correct geological
terminology
c= /he geosciences collo6uium of the institute is held wea3ly and is regarded as the
:Window to the world of geosciences; for students Internationally renowned researchers
covering a wide s#ectrum of different research and a##lied geo-to#ics are invited and
give high-level tal3s /he #artici#ating students identify u#-to-date research to#ics,
im#rove their state of 3nowledge, become ins#ired by convincing forms of #resentation
and contribute to scientific discussions Finally, they recogni$e #ossible fields of wor3 for
their future #rofessional life and are able to establish contacts to the researchers
Sylla#us
a= Field tri#s to roc3 outcro#s #lay a fundamental role in understanding geological conce#ts
/hey are an essential #art of the geological learning #rocess in com#lementing classroom
and lab teaching of science conce#ts /hey also #rovide visual images that are needed to
wor3 with more abstract contents of modeling, remote sensing etc Field tri#s involve
elements of both instructor-lead e,#lanation and student centered e,#loration N
discovery 9eviewing the tri# afterwards is an im#ortant activity for cementing
observations and inter#retations into a com#rehensive sense of conce#tual
understanding Field tri#s range from day tri#s to field cam#aigns or residential courses of
u# to & wee3s /hematically they cover a wide variety of to#ics from understanding the
regional geology of an area to studying s#ecific geological #henomena li3e sedimentation,
volcanism, metamor#hism or environmental as#ects :2lassical; geological areas are
visited li3e the Al#s, Iceland, Scandinavia, Aeolian Islands, Eifel, Kohemian Massif, to
name a few
Iisits at industrial facilities #lay an im#ortant role lin3ing scientific research and
a##lication centered industrial develo#ment in geosciences and material sciences A wide
variety of com#anies and research institutes is visited, ranging from energy generation to
waste handling and from raw material #roduction to high-tech material design
b= /he research seminar is a #latform for #resenting current in-house research to#ics It is
e,#ected that students #resent results of their KSc thesis, MSc thesis Fn a regular
basis doctorate students re#ort on their current state of their .hE #roGects Li3ewise staff
scientists contribute to the research seminar by #resenting conference tal3s, etc /he
research seminar is aimed at ins#iring scientific debates between students and staff
scientists A further obGective is to inform students about the research to#ics that are
addressed in the institute
c= .resentations on u#-to-date research to#ics, #resented by invited and often
internationally renowned s#ea3ers /he scientific s#ectrum com#rises research to#ics of
the institute <eg im#act, #lanetology, structural geology, earth history, mineral, ore and
oil de#osits, geoha$ards, geothermal energy, environmental mineralogy, hydrology,
geochemistry, crystal growth= and other branches of geosciences /o enhance the
#ractical as#ect of the curriculum s#ea3ers from com#anies and industries are s#ecifically
welcome
(eaching form
a= Field tri#NIisit at industrial facility, #ractical training in the field including data ac6uisitionC
<!.S, fabric, sam#ling strategies, drilling, etc=
b= Seminar with occasion for discussion
c= Seminar with occasion for discussion
5xamination form
a= re#orts
b= 9egular attendance, own #resentations
c= 9egular attendance
E,aminationC
---
a= " c= %one
;sage of the module
---
4ecommended reading
.ending on the to#ic of the seminarNcollo6uium, res#
6ecture notes
4.4 "ield (rips and Seminars II
6ecturer7s8
a All staff
b organi$ed by .rof Er U 2 /i##erO Er 7 M>ller-Sigmund
c Invited e,ternal s#ea3ers
Module (ype
2 !eology
2 !eochem
!or-load
&-( h
Credits
5 E2/S
(erm
1SNSS
Cycle
annual
9uration
* terms
a= Field /ri#s and Iisits at Industrial
Facilities
b= 9esearch Seminar
c= !eoscience 2ollo6uium
&resence
5 days N5( h
& s##w N '( h
) s##w N *( h
&ri0ate study
-( h
*( h
( h
&articipants
&(
*(
*(
In this module the core e,#ertise of geoscientists " field wor3 " is trained more e,tensive
than it was #ossible in the KSc #rogram E,cursions are aimed at testing, a##lying, and
accom#anying the theoretical 3nowledge ac6uired in the lectures and are ideal occasions for
an e,change between students and lecturer Field tri#s are grou#ed together with in-house
seminars, because the latter #rovide another #latform for further geoscientific conversation
and to gain u#-to-date informations
a= U#on #artici#ation at field tri#s the students refine their #ower of observation Students
write concise re#orts /hey enhance higher-order cognitive s3ills, and in6uiry s3ills, and
understand geological #rocesses in time and s#ace Students im#rove in geo-literacy and
in 3nowledge of the regional geology Iisiting at industrial facilities students gain hands-
on e,#erience in manufacturing #rocesses, a##lication of geosciences in energy and
materialsD develo#ment and #roduction, wor3ing life, and career #ros#ects
b= /he students #artici#ating in the research seminar im#rove their abilities of #resenting
scientific to#ics /hey defend their results in scientific discussions /hey identify #ossible
flaws, misinter#retations or inconsistencies in their own wor3 and in those of other
lecturers Students critically dis#ute scientific to#ics and use the correct geological
terminology
c= /he geosciences collo6uium of the institute is held wea3ly and is regarded as the
:Window to the world of geosciences; for students Internationally renowned
researchers covering a wide s#ectrum of different research and a##lied geo-to#ics are
invited and give high-level tal3s /he #artici#ating students identify u#-to-date research
to#ics, im#rove their state of 3nowledge, become ins#ired by convincing forms of
#resentation and contribute to scientific discussions Finally, they recogni$e #ossible
fields of wor3 for their future #rofessional life
Sylla#us
a= Field tri#s to roc3 outcro#s #lay a fundamental role in understanding geological
conce#ts /hey are an essential #art of the geological learning #rocess in com#lementing
classroom and lab teaching of science conce#ts /hey also #rovide visual images that are
needed to wor3 with more abstract contents of modeling, remote sensing etc Field tri#s
involve elements of both instructor-lead e,#lanation and student centered e,#loration N
discovery 9eviewing the tri# afterwards is an im#ortant activity for cementing
observations and inter#retations into a com#rehensive sense of conce#tual
understanding Field tri#s range from day tri#s to field cam#aigns or residential courses
of u# to & wee3s /hematically they cover a wide variety of to#ics from understanding
the regional geology of an area to studying s#ecific geological #henomena li3e
sedimentation, volcanism, metamor#hism or environmental as#ects :2lassical;
geological areas are visited li3e the Al#s, Iceland, Aeolian Islands, Eifel, Kohemian Massif,
to name a few Iisits at industrial facilities #lay an im#ortant role lin3ing scientific
research and a##lication centered industrial develo#ment in geosciences and material
sciences A wide variety of com#anies and research institutes is visited, ranging from
energy generation to waste handling and from raw material #roduction to high-tech
material design
b= /he research seminar is a #latform for #resenting current in-house research to#ics It is
e,#ected that students #resent results of their KSc thesis, MSc thesis Fn a regular
basis doctorate students re#ort on their current state of their .hE #roGects Li3ewise
staff scientists contribute to the research seminar by #resenting conference tal3s, etc
/he research seminar is aimed at ins#iring scientific debates between students and staff
scientists A further obGective is to inform students about the research to#ics that are
addressed in the institute
c= .resentations on u#-to-date research to#ics, #resented by invited and often
internationally renowned s#ea3ers /he scientific s#ectrum com#rises research to#ics of
the institute <eg im#act, #lanetology, structural geology, earth history, mineral, ore and
oil de#osits, geoha$ards, geothermal energy, environmental mineralogy, hydrology,
geochemistry, crystal growth= and other branches of geosciences /o enhance the
#ractical as#ect of the curriculum s#ea3ers from com#anies and industries are
s#ecifically welcome
(eaching form
a= Field tri#NIisit at industrial facility, #ractical training in the field including data ac6uisitionC
<!.S, fabric, sam#ling strategies, drilling, etc=
b= Seminar with occasion for discussion
c= Seminar with occasion for discussion
5xamination form
a= re#orts
b= 9egular attendance, own #resentations
c= 9egular attendance
E,aminationC
---
a= - c= %one
;sage of the module
---
4ecommended reading
.ending on the to#ic of the seminarNcollo6uium, res#
6ecture notes
4.* Computer Methods
6ecturer7s8
.rof Er S 7ergarten
(ype
2 !eology
E !eochem
!or-load
)5( h
Credits
' E2/S
(erm
1S
Cycle
annual
9uration
) term
2om#uter Methods
&resence
- s##w N '( h
&ri0ate study
)&( h
&articipants
)'
%umerical data analysis, visuali$ation, and #rocess modeling have become essential #arts of
6uantitative geosciences Eee#ening the 3nowledge on data analysis and visuali$ation and
introducing methods of #rocess modeling, this course #rovides the basics of 6uantitative
methods used in several other courses
!oing beyond technical as#ects of com#uting, data analysis, and visuali$ation, the students
learn the basics of modeling geo#rocesses In #articular, they learn how to transfer the basic
e6uations of mass and heat trans#ort to com#uter codes in a high-level #rogramming
language using the wides#read techni6ues of Finite Eifferences and Finite Elements As a
maGor 6ualification, the students shall be able to assess which method is suitable for a given
#roblem and be aware of #otential #itfalls Furthermore, the students get some insights into
advanced techni6ues of visuali$ation and into #arameter estimation by combining models
with real-world data
Sylla#us
In the beginning, the basic #ro#erties of time-de#endent systems are discussed, and the
sim#lest a##roaches for their numerical treatment are taught and illustrated using sim#le
e,am#les Eifferent ways of time discreti$ation and their advantages and disadvantages are
discussed /hen, Finite Eifference and Finite Element techni6ues are introduced for
simulating s#atio-tem#oral #rocesses, starting from the e,am#le of heat trans#ort Finally,
more com#le, e,am#les will lead the students towards modeling cou#led geosystems and
will #oint out #otential #itfalls in geo-modeling /he e,am#les will be im#lemented in a high-
level #rogramming language to ensure a ra#id #rogress without getting stuc3 in technical
details Finally, modern methods of dis#laying time-de#endent data and model results and
methods of #arameter estimation using real-world data are discussed
(eaching form
Lecture with #ractice, develo#ment of source code and testing of models during #resence
and homewor3, #resentation and discussion of results, wor3 in grou#s on a modeling
#roGect
5xamination form
7omewor3
E,aminationC
mar3ed #resentation of a modeling #roGect in grou#s
Kasic 3nowledge in com#utation, eg, on the level of WBuantitative Methoden in der
!eologieW from the KSc !eowissenschaften
;sage of the module
2om#ulsory course in MSc 2rystalline Materials
4ecommended reading
!erya, / <&((8=C Introduction to %umerical !eodynamic Modelling, 2ambridge University
.ress, 2ambridge, *05
6ecture notes
4.= Geophysics
6ecturer7s8
.rof Er S 7ergarten, Er A Matysia3
(ype
2 !eology
E !eochem
!or-load
)5( h
Credits
' E2/S
(erm
1S, SS
Cycle
annual
9uration
) term
!eo#hysical Field Methods
&resence
- s##w N '( h
&ri0ate study
)&( h
&articipants
)0
In relation to the overall #rofile this module #rovides #rofound 3nowledge of data sam#ling
in the field /he course corres#onds to all modules that analy$e and inter#ret field dataC
Field Ma##ing, Sedimentary !eology, Structural !eology and Seismics
Students 3now the underlying #rinci#les and sensitivities inherent in geo-electrical, gravity,
magnetics, and seismic refractionNreflection methods Students are able to #erform and
inter#ret resistivity, gravity, magnetics, and seismic refractionNreflection surveys /hey are
ca#able to collect geoelectric field data, and subse6uently analy$e and inter#ret them
Students are e,#erienced in hammer stro3e seismic e,#loration and analysis
Sylla#us
/his course briefly introduces the theory behind many of the #rinci#al geo#hysical methods
used in the field by geologists and gives an overview of the essential elements of geo#hysical
data ac6uisition systems Signal am#lification, multi#le,ed, etc methods in electrical
#ros#ecting will be shown Seismic surveys using e,#losive or surface sources are #resented
/he main #ur#ose is the a##lication of these methods in the field Eue to the available
e6ui#ment of the institute the #ractical #art focuses on geo-electrical, geo-radar, and
hammer stro3e seismic e,#loration techni6ues /he #ro#er treatment and inter#retation of
the data obtained is covered in subse6uent laboratory e,ercises Elements of currents and
voltage measurement circuitries
(eaching form
Lecture R .ractice R Field R Laboratory wor3 /esting of various geo#hysical survey
techni6ues by the students
5xamination form
---
E,aminationC
Fne mar3ed re#ort
Seismic inter#retation, 2om#uter methods
;sage of the module
----
4ecommended reading
Assaad,F, LaMoreau,, .E V 7ughes, /7 <&((-=C Field methods for !eologists and
7ydrogeologists S#ringer, Kerlin, *5(
6ecture notes
4.. &lanetary and Impact Geology
6ecturer7s8
a= .rof Er / ?en3mann
b= .rof Er / ?en3mann
(ype
2 !eology
E !eochem
!or-load
)5( h
Credits
' E2/S
(erm
a= 1S
b= SS
Cycle
annual
9uration
& terms
a= Im#act !eology
b= .lanetary !eology
&resence
* s##w N -0 h
* s##w N -0 h
&ri0ate study
-0 h
-0 h
&articipants
&0
&0
/he two courses are grou#ed together because im#act geology is thightly lin3ed to
#lanetology as almost all #lanetary bodies with a solid surface are gardened by meteorite
im#act craters /he ra#id technological develo#ment in remote sensing and the substantial
#rogress in s#ace e,#loration deliver geoscientists with a vast amount of new geological
informations /he im#lementation of im#act and #lanetary geology is a uni6ue selling #oint
of Freiburg+s Master !eology #rogram in !ermany Iery close lin3s e,ist to the Module
:Inde#endent .roGect <Screening EarthC A student research #roGect=; , :Inde#endent
Ma##ing #roGect; in which, for instance terrestrial, lunar or martian im#act structures can
be ma##ed, and to the Structural !eology modules
a= /he successful student can reca#itulate the short-term geological and #hysical #rocesses
that occur during an im#act Students deduce im#act energies from crater mor#hologies
and are able to determine the age of a #lanetary surface by measuring the si$e-fre6uency
distribution of im#act craters on it /hey can estimate the statistical ris3 and threat of
im#act events /hey are able to correctly describe im#act lithologies, im#act-induced
microstructures, and im#act structures Ky this they become com#etent to discover new
im#act structures on Earth
b= 1hy is the Solar System the way it isX Students attending the course successfully 3now
why /he students describe the #lanetary bodies by means of their #hysical, chemical, and
astronomical boundary conditions /hey can inter#ret surface features and conclude on
interior and e,terior geological #rocesses that are dominant on these bodies /he
students a##ly remote sensing techni6ues in combination with geo-information systems
<!IS= to unravel the history of #lanets Students understand that the evolution of the
Earth and life to its #resent state is a conse6uence of a s#ecific set of #lanetary boundary
conditions
Sylla#us
a= /he collision of solid bodies is one of the most fundamental geological #rocesses in our
solar system forming and resha#ing #lanetary surfaces /his course starts chronologically
with the accretion of #lanetary bodies and the early and late heavy bombardment history
in the young solar system Si$e-fre6uency distribution of im#act craters on #lanetary
surfaces and the current cratering rate and im#act #robability are #resented including
mitigation strategies 2om#osition and #rovenance of asteroids, comets and meteorites
and their im#ortance as #ossible im#acting #roGectiles are highlighted /he #hysics of
im#act crater formation including contact- and com#ression, e,cavation, and modify-
cation #rovide the base for understanding geological #henomena in terrestrial and
#lanetary craters /he #rinci#les of the #rogressive shoc3 metamor#hism as well as
im#act #etrogra#hy are taught in #ractical e,ercises /he course gives introductions to the
mor#hology, structural geology, geo#hysical characteristics of im#act craters, and their
environmental effects on the hydros#here and atmos#here Modern techni6ues to
investigate im#act structures including remote sensing, com#utational simulation, and
e,#erimental methods are shown
b= Understanding Earth re6uires a #lanetological #ers#ective /he course starts with a grand
tour through our solar system /he formation <accretion, differentiation= of the solar
system and the #lanetological boundary conditions and #hysical #ro#erties of #lanetary
bodies are given Fur 3nowledge on the solar system is closely lin3ed with the
technological develo#ment of s#ace craft and e,#loration techni6ues Missions are
#resented in chronological order /he #ractical course deals with remote sensing methods
and imagery Students shall inter#ret #lanetary surfaces by means of active geological
#rocesses Iolcanic eru#tions and tectonic activities of terrestrial #lanets are lin3ed with
the interior structure of these bodies .lanetary surface #rocesses <fluvial, aeolian,
im#act= and atmos#heres are further to#ics that are com#ared between different
#lanetary bodies Minor bodies in the Solar system of the asteroid belt, the ?ui#er belt
and the Fort cloud are investigated as well /he giant #lanets of the outer solar system
and their satellites com#lete the introduction to the solar system
(eaching form
a= Rb= Lecture with audio-visual demonstrations, numerical simulations and high s#eed
videos of e,#eriments .ractical #art #artly at the #olari$ing microsco#e Investigation of
im#actite roc3s and meteorites e,cercises
5xamination form
a= Rb= com#letion of e,ercises
mar3ed e,aminationC
one mar3ed written e,am at the end of the summer term
a= R b= Standard 3nowledge in com#utational geosciences
;sage of the module
4ecommended reading
Melosh, 7U <)858=C Im#act cratering A geologic #rocess F,ford University .ress, %ew Yor3
French, K M <)885=C /races of catastro#he A handboo3 of shoc3-metamor#hic effects in
terrestrial meteorite im#act structures L.I-2ontribution %o 80-
<download for freeC
htt#CNNcassGscnasagovN#ublicationsNboo3sN2K-80-N2K-80-introhtml=
McSween, 7 Y <)888= Meteorites and their #arent #lanets *(8 # 2ambridge University
.ress, 2ambridge
?en3mann, / <&((8=C Asteroid and 2omet Im#acts throughout Earth+s history Zeitschrift f>r
!eologische 1issenschaften *4, &8*-*)5
!rieve 9 A F, Langenhorst F and St@ffler E <)88'= Shoc3 metamor#hism of 6uart$ in
nature and e,#erimentC II Significance in geoscience Meteoritics and .lanetary Science *),
'-*0
Melosh, 7U, and Ivanov, KA, )888, Im#act crater colla#seC Annual 9eview of Earth and
.lanetary Sciences, v &4, # *50--)0
St@ffler E and Langenhorst F <)88-= Shoc3 metamor#hism of 6uart$ in nature and
e,#erimentC I Kasic observation and theory Meteoritics &8, )00-)5)
6ecture notes
4. Structural Geology and Seismics
6ecturer7s8
a= .rof Er S 7ergarten
b= .E Er E Stein
(ype
2 !eology
E !eochem
!or-load
)5( h
Credits
' E2/S
(erm
SS
Cycle
annual
9uration
) term
a= Seismic Inter#retation
b= Stress and Strain
&resence
& s##w N *( h
& s##w N *( h
&ri0ate study
'( h
'( h
&articipants
)&
)&
/he module :Structural geology and Seismics; connects the 6ualitative and 6uantitative
descri#tion of visible fabrics and measurable deformations at the earth+s surface with similar
structures in the dee#er crust and in the mantle which only can be investigated by
geo#hysical meansC Seismic inter#retation hel#s to deci#her the state of stress and strain in
the crust /he module :Stress and strain: forms the basic #re-re6uisite for the understanding
of the rheology of natural materials 7ence this module is closely lin3ed to the module
:Rheology and Textures; in the masters #rogram
a= /he successful students are ac6uainted with the #rinci#les of reflection and refraction
seismic studies /hey can describe the sections by using the correct geological
terminology /hey understand the techni6ues to inter#ret &E and *E seismic /hey are
e,#erienced in constructing sim#le and advanced balanced cross sections using surface
data, log data and information gained from seismic #rofiles /he students reca#itulate
the structural inventory of e,tensional and com#ressive tectonic regimes and a##ly this
for cross section construction /hey are trained in restoring balanced cross sections and
6uantifying the accumulated strain of a given structure
b= /he lecture will discuss the fundamental conce#ts of stress and strain Euring mountain
building #rocesses roc3s are subGected to e,ternal forces in order to achieve different
fabrics li3e folds, shear $ones, faults etc Under the action of these forces, #olycrystalline
roc3s undergo dis#lacements and deformation and develo# internal forces A measure
of deformation is defined as strain /he intensity of internal forces is called as stress /he
dis#lacements, strains and stresses in a deformable body are interlin3ed /he students
are able to analyse stress regimes in mountain ranges and resulting #oly#hase strain
regimes based on #rinci#les of continuum mechanics /hey are familiar with several
different methods to describe and estimate strain 6ualitatively and 6uantitatively
Sylla#us
a= !eological structures are vitally im#ortant in the field of #etroleum e,#loration Faults
and folds are res#onsible for tra##ing oil and gas in concentrated #oc3ets /he
#etroleum industry uses a variety of so#histicated techni6ues to #robe the sub-surface,
including e,#loratory drilling and seismic-reflection #rofiling that determines large-scale
relationshi#s below the surface Fne of the main obGectives of the course is to give an
introduction to seismic-reflection #rofiling /he course #rovides a short introduction to
the ac6uisition and #rocessing of seismic data E,am#les from various tectonic settings
are used to gain some #ractical e,#erience and show the #itfalls in seismic
inter#retation Kased on reflection seismic studies the 3ey to inter#reting geologic
structures is the construction of geometrically #lausible cross sections are consistent
with the occurrence of reflectors
b= Forces which are res#onsible for the deformations of the earthDs crust act
instantaneously and cannot be stored in roc3s through time Eeformations of roc3s are
#ersistant and all the studied deformations are old, but the related stresses are not
visible any more Furthermore it is im#ossible to measure stress directly and only very
s#ecial fabrics allow to describe state and direction of stresses %evertheless, one of the
maGor goals of the lecture is to understand the distribution of forces in the earth and
how those forces act to #roduce the different structures /here are lots of #ractical
reasons to do thisC earth6ua3es, oil well blowouts, motor of #late tectonics, landslides
etc /he deals with stress acting on a #lane and stress at a #oint leading to the conce#t
of #rinci#le and deviatoric stresses, which mathematically are described by stress tensor
and *,* stress matri, Eifferent states of stresses and stress fields are introduced /he
strain conce#t is mathematically based on continuous deformation thus strain is a
branch continuum mechanics In nature deformation is much more com#le, and far
beyond being continuous In this lecture all different as#ects of a deforming roc3 system
are introduced ie homogeneous vs heterogeneous strain, #rogressive strain,
infinitesimal vs finite strain Furthermore it is of maGor im#ortance to 6uantify strain to
ma3e it com#arable from different structures in one and the same orogen or even from
orogen to orogen /his lecture introduces different methods of strain 6uantification
(eaching form
a= Lecture R /utorials including inter#retation of refle,ion seismic data
b= Lecture R E,ercises, calculation the state of stress by means of tensor calculations
5xamination form
a= 7omewor3 R re#ort
b= 7omewor3 R re#ort
E,aminationC
a=
b= 2om#uter Methods
;sage of the module
---
4ecommended reading
a= Kacon, M, Simm, 9 V 9edshaw, / <&((*=C *-E Seismic Inter#retation 2ambridge
University .ress, 2ambridge, &)&
Kerc3hemer, 7 <)88(=C !rundlagen der !eo#hysi3, 1issenschaftliche Kuchgesellschaft,
Earmstadt, &()
Eohr, ! <)85)=C A##lied !eo#hysics, En3e, Stuttgart, &*)
?eary, ., Kroo3s K V7ill, I <&((*=C An introduction to !eo#hysical E,#loration, Klac3well
.ublishing, &4&
?noedel, ?, ?rummel ? V Lange, ! <)884=C 7andbuch $ur Er3undung des Untergrundes
von Ee#onien und Altlasten, Kand * <!eo#hysi3=, S#ringer, Kerlin, ))(&
Mussett, AE V ?han, MA <&(((=C Loo3ing into the Earth, 2ambridge University .ress,
-8&
9eynolds, U M <&())=C An Introduction to A##lied and Environmental !eo#hysics, 1iley,
4)&
Shearer, . <)888=C Introduction to Seismology, 2ambridge, University .ress, 2ambridge,
-)0
/elford, 1M, !eldart, L. V Sheriff, 9E <)88(=C A##lied !eo#hysics, 2ambridge
University .ress, 2ambridge, 48&
b= Kayly, K <)88)=C Mechanics in structural geology S#ringer, %ew Yor3, &0*
Means, 1E <)84'=C Stress and Strain S#ringer, %ew Yor3, **8
%elson, 9A <&(()=C !eologic analysis of naturally fractured reservoirs !ulf .ublishing
2om#any, 7ouston, *0&
.ollard, EE V Fletcher, 92 <&((0=C Fundamentals of Structural !eology 2ambridge
University .ress, 2ambridge, 0)&
9amsay, U! V 7uber, MI <)85*=C /he techni6ues of modern structural geology Iol )C
Strain Analysis Academic .ress, London, *(4
9amsay, U! V Lisle, 9U <&(((=C /he techni6ues of modern structural geology Iol *C
A##lications of continuum mechanics in structural geology Academic .ress, London, *'(
6ecture notes
4.> "ield Mapping
6ecturer7s8
.rof Er / ?en3mannO .E Er E SteinO .rof Er U 2 /i##er
(ype
2 !eology
E !eochem
!or-load
)5( h
Credits
' E2/S
(erm
1S
Cycle
annual
9uration
) term
Inde#endent Ma##ing E,ercise
&resence
8( h
&ri0ate study
8( h
&articipants
&
!eological field ma##ing is one of the core com#etences of geoscientists that is still of
utmost im#ortance in a number of #rofessional occu#ations /his module builds on the
ma##ing e,#ertise gained during the bachelor studies, but demands for a more inde#endent
a##roach
/he successful students ma# an area of interest using state-of-the-art technologies /he
students collect own lithological and structural data, and im#ort them in a !IS Euring
ma##ing they combine the field data with available remote sensing images of the area,
#ossible bore log data, and geo#hysical information in order to get the full geological
#icture /he successful students #roduce digital geological ma#s that #rovide a useful basis
for subse6uent scientific research
Sylla#us
/his course #rovides the o##ortunity for a student to carry out an advanced, inde#endent
ma##ing e,ercise, under the #ersonal su#ervision of a member of staff /he area, to#ic and
obGect of the ma##ing are for the su#ervisor and student to determine Ma##ing will be
carried out ma3ing use of a !.S /he geological ma# will be assembled with a geo-
information-system <!IS= based #rogram /hematic ma#s, eg contour ma#s, structure
ma#s, etc are recommended to be included Field data can be combined with remote
sensing images !eological ma##ing of #lanetary surfaces based on high resolution imagery
is also #ossible
(eaching form
.lanning and conducting own field wor3, analysis of roc3 sam#les, 2om#uter wor3 with !IS
5xamination form
---
E,aminationC
Mar3ed re#ort, Ma#
%one
;sage of the module
----
4ecommended reading
9egional geological literature of the ma##ed area, search for geological data in archives
6ecture notes
4.10 &hysical and Chemical /nalytical &rocedures
6ecturer7s8
Er A Eanilews3yO Er 7 M>ller-Sigmund
(ype
E !eology
2 !eochem
!or-load
)5( h
Credits
' E2/S
(erm
1S
Cycle
annual
9uration
) term
.hysical and 2hemical Analytical
.rocedures
&resence
- s##w N '( h
&ri0ate study
)&( h
&articipants
)&
/his interdisci#linary module combines the #hysical, chemical and crystallogra#hic methods
for the full characteri$ation of any material sam#les In relation to the overall #rofile this
module #rovides #rofound 3nowledge for all analytical wor3ing coursesC A6ueous
!eochemistry, Advanced 7ydrogeology, Isoto#e !eochemistry, S#ecial Analytical .rocedures
in Mineralogy /he student gains 3ey com#etences concerning 6uantitative material analysis
by the use of state-of the-art e6ui#ment /he individual 6ualifications and s3ills of the
module are s#ecified belowC
In the course of this #ractical module students ac6uaint themselves with a wide variety of
#hysical and chemical analytical techni6ues available at the institute Firstly, they identify
which techni6ue is the a##ro#riate tool for a given geoscientific #roblem Secondly, they
memori$e the theoretical bac3ground of the techni6ue, identify #ossible sources of error,
and #re#are the geological material for the subse6uent analysis /hirdly, they measure the
sam#les, thereby collecting own #ractical e,#erience Fourthly, they underta3e a critical data
inter#retation and evaluation
Sylla#us
/his course is designed to introduce the theory, a##lications, and o#eration of modern
instrumental methods for chemical and #hysical analyses in environmental, Earth and
materials science Students are introduced to the s#ectrum of instrumental techni6ues,
which are standard in research as well as in industry, and gain an understanding of the
analytical a##roach to #roblem solving and data evaluation /o the e,tent feasible, students
get hands-on e,#erience with the machinery in the course of lab e,ercises, concentrating on
concrete small analytical #roGects
(eaching form
Lecture R .ractice, multimedia introduction into the basics of the methods, hands-on
e,#erience with different machinery in small grou#s <*-- students=, oral #resentation of
data and critical data discussion within grou#s
5xamination form
.artici#ation at the e,ercises
E,aminationC
Kasic understanding of geological materials
KSc level :!eochemical Methods; or e6uivalent 3nowledge
;sage of the module
2om#ulsory course in MSc !eology-s#eciali$ation !eochemistry and 2rystalline Materials,
elective course in MSc !eology
4ecommended reading
Einnebier, 9 E V Killinge, SUL <&((5=C .owder EiffractionC /heory and .ractice 9S2
.ublishing, 9S2 e-boo3 collection
!ill, 9 <ed= <)884=C Modern Analytical !eochemistryC An Introduction to Buantitative
2hemical Analysis for Earth, Environmental and Material ScientistsC Addison 1esley
Longman, U?, *--
9eed, S U K <&((0=C Electron micro#robe analysis and scanning electron microsco#y in
geology 2ambridge University .ress, 2ambridge, &('
9eimer, L <&()(=C Scanning Electron Microsco#y S#ringer Series in F#tical Sciences, -0, 0))
6ecture notes
4.11 /pplied Mineralogy
6ecturer7s8
a= .rof Er 9 !ierQ
b= .rof Er A 2r@ll, Er U Iogt
(ype
E !eology
2 !eochem
!or-load
&)( h
Credits
4 E2/S
(erm
a= SS
b= 1S
Cycle
annual
9uration
& terms
a= Energy, 1aste, and the
Environment
b= Modern 2eramics, 2ements, and
!lasses
&resence
& s##w N *( h
* s##w N -0 h
&ri0ate study
'( h
40 h
&articipants
&(
&(
/he module com#rises of two courses that #rovide a##lied as#ects of geosciences in
environmental #rotection and modern technology /he individual 6ualifications and s3ills of
the module are s#ecified belowC
a= /he aim of this course is to #rovide an incentive to use geochemical and mineralogical
#rinci#les to address and solve maGor environmental #roblems /he students identify the
#roblems that are associated with different ty#es of waste /hey critically contribute to
the discussion of the .ros and 2ontras of the usage and dis#osal of waste
b= Students recall the basic #ro#erties, re6uirements and #roduction methods of glasses,
cements, and ceramics /hey recogni$e limitations, advantages and disadvantages of the
#resented methods and relate them to each other
Sylla#us
a= /his course covers a wide range of #roblems associated with the waste arising from the
generation of electricity /he main to#ics will be the uranium cycle, characteri$ation of
nuclear waste, and the containment and dis#osal of nuclear waste Kased on insights
from the nuclear fuel cycle, solutions are #resented that diminish the environmental
im#acts of coal combustion #roducts, 2F
&
se6uestration, incineration of munici#al solid
waste, to,ic waste due to refuse incineration, and from landfills and landfill gases
b= .olycrystalline and amor#hous materials #lay a maGor role in modern technology /he
course will cover the #roduction methods of technical ceramics, cements, and glasses, as
well as their a##lications, including o#tical materials and glass ceramics
(eaching form
a= R b= Lecture R .ractice
5xamination form
re#ort
E,aminationC
one mar3ed written e,am
a= Solid 3nowledge in the areas of Mineralogy, !eochemistry, and Inorganic 2hemistry
b= --
4ecommended reading
a= Fay, UA V !olomb, ES <&((&=C Energy and the Environment F,ford University .ress,
F,ford, **'
!ierQ, 9 V Stille, . <&((-=C Energy, 1aste and the Environment " A !eochemical
.ers#ective !eological Society of London, S#ecial .ublication &*', '4(
9istinen, 9A V ?raushaar, UU <&((0=C Energy and the Environment 1iley, %ew Yor3, *5-
b= 2hiang, YM, Kirnie, E. V ?ingery, 1E <)88'=C .hysical 2eramicsC .rinci#les for
2eramics Science and Engineering 1iley, %ew Yor3, 0--
Eoremus, 97 <)88-=C !lass Science 1iley, %ew Yor3, *0&
Shelby, UE <&((0=C Introduction to glass science and technology 9oyal Society of
2hemistry, 2ambridge, *(5
6ecture notes
htt#sCNNcam#usonlineuni-freiburgde, htt#CNNwwwmin#etuni-freiburgde
4.12 Geochemistry
6ecturer7s8
a= Er 9 Martine$
b= Er 9 Martine$
(ype
E !eology
2 !eochem
!or-load
&)( h
Credits
4 E2/S
(erm
a= SS
b= 1S
Cycle
annual
9uration
& terms
a= Isoto#e !eochemistry
b= Kiogeochemical 1eathering
&resence
- s##w N '( h
& s##w N -0 h
&ri0ate study
'( h
-0 h
&articipants
)' students
)' students
a= Students e,amine the #rinci#les of stable and radiogenic isoto#es /hey reali$e that
isoto#es are indis#ensable tools for reconstructing neo-environmental #roblems, #aleo-
environmental conditions, for geodynamic modeling, and for absolute age dating /hey
analy$e a variety of isoto#e systems, calculate e,am#le data sets and become familiar
with #ossible sources of error
b= U#on com#letion of this seminar course on the role of microorganisms in roc3 and
mineral weathering #rocesses the students should be able to have an understanding of
basic metabolic #rocesses of microorganisms and biological redo, #rocesses involved in
energy ac6uiring by microorganisms Students in this course should be able to ma3e
associations and hy#otheses, using #reviously ac6uired 3nowledge of a6ueous
geochemistry, regarding the changes in water-chemistry interactions that could result
from bacterial <microorganism= metabolic activity
Sylla#us
a= /he focus of this course is on stable and radiogenic isoto#e systems and their a##lications
in !eology and Environmental Science Systems discussed include U-/h-.b, 9b-Sr, Sm-%d,
?-Ar, Ar-Ar, F, 2, S, and 2l
b= /his is a seminar course e,#loring the role of microorganisms on the weathering of roc3s
and minerals in a wide range of natural environments /he main to#ic of the course refers
to the understanding of the #rocesses by which microorganisms obtain essential nutrients
<eg maGor and trace elements= from their environment /he biochemical metabolic
#rocesses in different microbial <eg iron reducing bacteria or sulfur o,idi$ing bacteria
s#ecies= ty#es and their role in roc3Nmineral dissolution and #reci#itation reactions will be
studied
(eaching form
a= Lecture R .ractice
b) Lecture, Seminar, Discussion of relevant recent literature journal articles
5xamination form
a= presentation
E,aminationC
a= 9ecommendedC basic 3nowledge in geochemistry at the level to KSc course
:!eochemistry I;
b= Recommended: Basic Chemistry and Biology courses Basic !no"ledge in #$ueous
%eochemistry
4ecommended reading
a= Faure, ! V Mensing, / M <&((-=C Isoto#esC .rinci#les and A##lications 1iley, %ew Yor3,
8&5
b= Drever & '()**+): ,he %eochemistry of -atural .aters /rentice 0all, -e" &ersey, 123
0arris D C ()**4): 5uantitative Chemical #nalysis, 6reeman, -e" 7or!, +43
Langmuir ()**+): #$ueous 8nvironmental %eochemistry, /rentice 0all, -e" &ersey, 933
:adigan, :,, :artin!o, &: ; /ar!er, & (<333): Broc! biology of microorganisms,
/rentice=0all, -e" &ersey,**)
Stumm . ; :organ && ()**9): #$uatic Chemistry, .iley, -e" 7or!, )313
6ecture notes
htt#CNNwwwmin#etuni-freiburgde
4.1) &etrology
6ecturer7s8
a= .rof Er ? Kucher
b= %%
(ype
E !eology
2 !eochem
!or-load
)5(h
Credits
' E2/S
(erm
SS
Cycle
annual
9uration
) term
a= Metamor#hic .etrology
b= tba
&resence
& s##w N *( h
tba
&ri0ate study
-0 h
tba
&articipants
)0
tba
.etrology re#resents a core disci#line and one of the foci of the institute /he #etrological
formation conditions of magmatic and metamor#hic roc3s are subGect of this module that
builds on the fundamentals given in the bachelor #rogram /he individual 6ualifications and
s3ills of the module are s#ecified belowC
a= Fn the successful com#letion of this module #art students ac6uire medium-level
3nowledge in metamor#hic #etrology More s#ecifically they 6uantitatively describe solid-
state reactions for a wide #ressure-tem#erature range of regional metamor#hic
conditions and calculate the net e,change of reactions by a##lying thermodynamic
#rinci#les /hey read #hase diagrams and inter#ret metamor#hic #rocesses where fluids
#lay a dominant role
b= tba
Sylla#us
a= /his course in metamor#hic #etrology focuses on the 6uantitative treatment of
metamor#hic #rocesses It deals #rimarily with chemical reactions in roc3s, and the
com#utation and inter#retation of #etrologic #hase diagrams S#ecial attention is given
to fluids in metamor#hic #rocesses, hydrothermal systems and fluid-roc3 interaction in
su##ort of the modules hydrogeology and geothermal energy
b= tba
(eaching form
a= Lecture R .ractice
b= tba
5xamination form
a= re#ortO b= tba
E,aminationC
a= %oneO b= tba
;sage of the module
----
4ecommended reading
a= Kucher, ? V Frey, M <&((&=C .etrogenesis of Metamor#hic 9oc3s S#ringer, Kerlin, *&4
b= tba
6ecture notes
htt#CNNwwwmin#etuni-freiburgdeN
4.14 /d0anced /nalytical Mineralogy
6ecturer7s8
a= Er 7 M>ller-Sigmund
b= .rof Er A 2r@llO Er A Eanilews3yO Er M Fiederle
c= Er / Sorgenfrei
(ype
E !eology
2 !eochem
!or-load
&-( h
Credits
5 E2/S
(erm
a= SS
b= SS
c= 1S
Cycle
annual
9uration
& terms
a= Advanced Analytical Mineralogy
b= 7igh-9esolution S#ectrosco#y
c= /hermal Analysis
&resence
- s##w N '( h
s##w N *( h
& s##w N *( h
&ri0ate study
*( h
'( h
*( h
&articipants
)0
)0
)0
/his module #rovides #ractical and theoretical s3ills in 6uantitative mineralogical analysis
that are im#ortant for geoscientists in various occu#ational fields /he individual
6ualifications and s3ills obtained within this module are s#ecified belowC
a= Students are able to #re#are clay and heavy mineral se#arates /hey em#loy techni6ues
li3e cathodoluminescence, heating-free$ing stage for fluid inclusion studies, reflected light
microsco#y, confocal laser scanning microsco#y to analy$e soil sam#les, ores or dust
#articles /hey deduce on the com#osition and formation conditions of these sam#les
b= Fn the successful com#letion of this module #art students recall the use of various high-
resolution s#ectrosco#ic techni6ues including J-ray .hoton S#ectrosco#y <J.S=, Ion Mass
S#ectrosco#y <SIMS=, Auger S#ectrosco#y <A!S=, ,-ray Absor#tion S#ectrosco#y <JAS=,
E,tended Absor#tion Fine Structure <EJAFS=, and J-ray Absor#tion %ear Edge Structure
<JA%ES=, M@ssbauer S#ectrosco#y, and 9aman-S#ectrosco#y /hey outline the basic
#rinci#les of these techni6ues and com#are their a##lication #ossibilities /hey analy$e
and inter#ret the results obtained by the various s#ectrosco#ic methods
c= After e,amination of the underlying thermodynamics students familiari$e themselves
with several techni6ues of thermal analysis including Eifferential /hermal Analysis <E/A=,
Eifferential Scanning 2alorimetry <ES2=, and /hermal !ravimetry </!= /hey collect
e,#erience in o#erating the machines and inter#ret data they have gathered
Sylla#us
a= /he em#hasis of this course is on im#ortant mineralogical techni6ues used in ore
geology, #etrology, soil science and environmental science /he students e,#lore various
methods, eg cathodoluminescence, fluid inclusions on heating-free$ing stage, reflected
light microsco#y, clay mineral #re#aration techni6ues, confocal laser scanning
microsco#y, both in theory and in the laboratory, where hands-on e,#erience is an
essential #art of the course
b= /he course #rovides tools for the characteri$ation of crystalline materials, es#ecially the
ty#e and site of atoms as well as their first s#here surroundings /his includes UI-IIS and
I9 s#ectrosco#y Surface analysis methods using J-ray .hoton S#ectrosco#y <J.S=,
Secondary Ion Mass S#ectrosco#y <SIMS=, Auger S#ectrosco#y <A!S=, LEEE and 97EEE
are introduced and com#ared /o analy$e the local geometry, the chemical state and
coordination s#heres of atoms J-ray Absor#tion S#ectrosco#y <JAS=, E,tended
Absor#tion Fine Structure <EJAFS=, and J-ray Absor#tion %ear Edge Structure <JA%ES=
will be #resentedO this #art includes an introduction into synchrotron technology /o find
the o,idation state of atoms <eg, Fe
&R
, Fe
*R
= M@ssbauer S#ectrosco#y will be e,#lained
Fther high resolution methods discussed areC 9aman s#ectrosco#y, S/M and AFM
microsco#y, /EM microsco#y
c= After a short introduction of the underlying thermodynamics the course deals with the
#rinci#les of Eifferential /hermal Analysis <E/A=, Eifferential Scanning 2alorimetry <ES2=,
and /hermal !ravimetry </!= A #hase diagram is constructed based on E/A and J-ray
#owder diffraction measurements /he e,act chemical com#osition of a substance is
determined by the results of /! measurements
(eaching form
a= Lecture R.ractice in small grou#s <&-* students= in the relevant labs
b= Lecture R .ractice in different s#ectrosco#ic techni6ues
c= .ractice
5xamination form
a= re#ort
b=
c= re#ort
E,aminationC
a= .hysical and 2hemical Analytical .rocedures
b=%one
c= %one
;sage of the module
---
4ecommended reading
a= 2raig, U 9 V Iaughan, U 9 <)88-=C Fre microsco#y and ore #etrogra#hy 1iley, %ew
Yor3, -*-
Moore, EM V 9eynolds, 9 2 <)880=C J-ray diffraction and the identification and analysis
of clay minerals F,ford University .ress, F,ford, *45
.agel, M, Karbin, I, Klanc, . V Fhnenstetter, E <&(((=C 2athodoluminescence in
geosciences S#ringer, Kerlin, 0)4
She#herd, /U, 9an3in, A 7 V Alllderton, E 7 M <)850=C A #ractical guide to fluid
inclusion studies Klac3ie, !lasgow, &*8
b= 2ohen, S 7 V Lightbody, M L <)884-)888=C Atomic Force Microsco#yNScanning
/unnelling Microsco#y )-* S#ringer, Kerlin, -'5 R &'( R &)5
Fult$, K V 7owe, UM <&((5=C /ransmission Electron Microsco#y and Eiffractometry of
Materials S#ringer, Kerlin, 405
S3oog, EA, 7oller, F U V2rouch, S 9 <&((4=C .rinci#les of Instrumental analysis, &nd ed
/homson Kroo3sN2ole, Kelmont, )(*8
c= Krown, M E <&(()=C Introduction to /hermal AnalysisC /echni6ues and A##lications,
?luwer Academic .ublishers, Amsterdam, &5(
7emminger, 1 F V 2ammenga, 7 ? <)858=C Methoden der /hermischen Analyse,
S#ringer, Kerlin, *((
6ecture notes
htt#CNNwww3ristuni-freiburgdeNserviceNedv#h#
4.1* Special (opics in Crystalline Materials
6ecturer7s8
Er A Eanilews3yO .E Er E Stein
(ype
E !eology
E !eochem
!or-load
variable
Credits
variable
(erm
variable
Cycle
variable
9uration
variable
2ourses of the 2rystalline Materials
2urriculum can be selected andN or
Electron Kac3 Scatter Eiffraction <for
e,am#le see below=
&resence
variable
&ri0ate study
variable
&articipants
variable
For e,am#leC Electron Kac3 Scatter EiffractionC
/he module com#rises a bundle of im#ortant modern state-of-the art techni6ues in
crystallogra#hy that allow to determine the crystallogra#hic structure and com#osition of
natural geo-materials and technical #roducts
2rystallogra#hic #referred orientations <2.F= of roc3 forming minerals are indicative for
deformation mechanisms active during ductile flow at mid-to lower crustal levels Li3ewise
2.Fs are im#ortant in material science as they influence the #hysical #ro#erties of materials
EKSE is a state-of-the-art technology to investigate the crystallogra#hic orientation in a
sam#le Students outline the underlying #rinci#les of EKSE, they #re#are #olished sam#les
for EKSE analysis, e,amine the use of the Scanning electron microsco#e to which EKSE is
attached /hey collect data and inter#ret the diffraction #attern and inde, certain crystal
orientations Finally they discuss the underlying mechanisms <eg sli# systems= that caused
the 2.F
Sylla#us
/his course is designed to introduce the theory, a##lications, and o#eration Scanning
Electron Microsco#y <SEM= together with Electron Kac3 Scatter Eiffraction <EKSE= /o#ics
areC field emission scanning electron microsco#y, #re#aration and adGustment of sam#les for
EKSE mode, calibration of EKSE system, orientation analysis, orientation ma##ing,
documentation, inter#retation Introduction into te,tures of natural roc3s and
#olycrystalline materials <eg solar cells=
(eaching form
Lecture R E,ercise at the Scanning electron microsco#e
5xamination form
E,aminationC
Fne mar3ed written re#ort
9e6uires modules
;sage of the module
---
4ecommended reading
7aw3es, . 1 <Ed= V 9eimer, L <&()(=C Scanning Electron Microsco#y S#ringer Series in
F#tical Sciences -0, S#ringer, Kerlin, 0&4
6ecture notes
htt#CNNwww3ristuni-freiburgdeNserviceNedv#h#
4.1= Special (opics in Geosciences
6ecturer7s8
.rof Er / ?en3mann
(ype
E !eology
E !eochem
!or-load
variable
Credits
variable
(erm
variable
Cycle
variable
9uration
variable
For current courses in S#ecial /o#ics
in !eosciences see lecture catalogue
EgC Inde#endent .roGect -
Screening EarthC A student
<re=search #roGect
&resence
variable
&ri0ate study
variable
&articipants
variable
For e,am#leC Inde#endent .roGect - Screening EarthC A student <re=search #roGect
/he module :Special topics in Geosciences includes a variety of courses dealing with
modern a##lied techni6ues and teaching formats in !eosciences In the following the
current course of the winter term &()&N)* :Screening EarthC A student <re=search #roGect;
that was awarded with the UniverstStslehr#reis and the Landeslehr#reis Kaden-
1>rttemberg, is detailed
/he #roGect is aimed at bridging the ga# between teaching and research Students directly
become involved in research when they are searching for and discover new terrestrial
im#act craters /his #roGect hel#s to com#lete the terrestrial im#act record /he course is
closely lin3ed to the module :.lanetary and Im#act !eology; and strengthens one of the
master+s #rogram barycenters /he individual 6ualifications and s3ills of the module are
s#ecified belowC
U#on com#letion of the course students become e,#erienced in the use of remote sensing
techni6ues and understand landsca#e formation as a result of a com#le, inter#lay between
endogenic and e,ogenic geological #rocesses For a com#rehensive understanding of
landsca#e formation and relief students combine their 3nowledge on climate, soil,
vegetation, with the geologic history <sedimentary record, deformation= of the region of
interest Eoing so, they actively reca#itulate and synthesi$e their geoscientific 3nowledge
Students become familiar with im#act crater research
Social com#etences of the #roGect com#rise ofC <i= #lanning and conducting an own survey,
<ii= im#roving s3ills in scientific #resentations, <iii= defending ideas and debating scientifically,
<II= ma3ing decisions, <v= #re#aring the logisitcs of an e,#edition, <vi= chec3ing the own
6ualities as a team member, and <vii= im#roving the own s3ills in geological fieldwor3
Sylla#us
About )5( im#act craters have been identified on Earth so far, and several hundred await
their discovery /his course is devoted to engage students into the search for the missing
im#act structures /he #artici#ants learn to deal with remote sensing data and !IS /he
course runs #arallel to the course :Im#act !eology; of the Module :.lanetary and Im#act
!eology;, in which the theoretical bac3ground of im#act geology is given Additional
information concerning the identification of ancient crater structures on the basis of remote
sensing and geo#hysical data are #rovided
/he #artici#ants underta3e a crater search survey on earth utili$ing !oogle Earth
[
imagery
Each #artici#ant #lans hisNher own survey without any restrictions .romising structures will
be investigated in greater detail /his includes a recherchQ for geological ma#s, #ublications,
geo#hysical data, and includes #ossible contacts to geological surveys of the #articular
country In an oral #resentation the students introduce to their #roGects and assess the
li3elihood of the discovered structures being im#act craters Students will #lan a scientific
e,#edition to their discovered structures In a discussion forum the #resented structures will
be critically assessed by the #artici#ants and a ran3ing list of #or#osed structures will be
wor3ed out
If one or more of the structures Gustifiy a further scientific analysis, the second #art of the
course starts A real e,#edition is organi$ed and conducted with the involvement of students
to ma# and sam#le the #romising structure Sam#les will be subse6uently analy$ed in the
laboratories at the institute If a validation of the im#act hy#othesis is #ossible the results
will be #ublished in a #eer-review #ublication .hase & of the #roGect is suited to be
conducted in the framewor3 of a master thesis
(eaching form
.hase)= crater search survey, recherchQ for literature, ma#s, geo#hysical data, etc, oral
#resentation and defense of the conducted survey, discussion between course #artici#ants
about the #ros and contras of the crater hy#othesis, theoretical #lanning of an e,#edition
<.hase &= geological field ma##ing, sam#ling, sam#le analysis, writing a manuscri#t
5xamination form
oral #resentation, documentation of the crater survey, recherchQ
mar3ed E,aminationC
mar3ed #resentation or mar3ed re#ort
Im#act geology
;sage of the module
----
4ecommended reading
Melosh, 7U <)858=C Im#act cratering A geologic #rocess F,ford University .ress, %ew Yor3
French, K M <)885=C /races of catastro#he A handboo3 of shoc3-metamor#hic effects in
terrestrial meteorite im#act structures L.I-2ontribution %o 80-
<download for freeC
htt#CNNcassGscnasagovN#ublicationsNboo3sN2K-80-N2K-80-introhtml=
?en3mann, / <&((8=C Asteroid and 2omet Im#acts throughout Earth+s history Zeitschrift f>r
!eologische 1issenschaften *4, &8*-*)5
6ecture notes
4.1. Sedimentary Geology
6ecturer7s8
a= .rof Er U 2 /i##er
b= .rof Er U 2 /i##er
(ype
E !eology
E !eochem
!or-load
)5(h
Credits
' E2/S
(erm
a= SS
b= 1S
Cycle
annual
9uration
& terms
a= Se6uence Stratigra#hy
b= Sedimentology and Stratigra#hy
&resence
& s##w N *( h
* s##w N -0 h
&ri0ate study
*( h
40 h
&articipants
)0
)0
Students who successfully com#lete this module will have develo#ed an understanding of
the modern theory of stratigra#hy and of the ways that stratigra#hy is now #racticed in
academia and industry
a= Students learn to describe and inter#ret the sedimentary record using the methods of
se6uence stratigra#hy /hey learn to define #ara-se6uences, systems tracts, se6uences
and se6uence sets, and to inter#ret their formation in terms of environmental and sea-
level change
b= Students learn #articular as#ects of the modern theory of stratigra#hy 1ith the hel# of
com#uter-based #ractical e,ercises they develo# s3ills in correlation and the
inter#retation of sedimentary environments
Sylla#us
a= /he course starts with a historical introduction /hen terminology and definitions are
#resented /he characteristics of #arase6uences, systems tracts, se6uences, and
se6uence sets are described /he effects of sea-level change on the sedimentary record
in clastic environments are critically evaluated Assum#tions and uncertainties in the
inter#retation are highlighted /he course also deals with se6uence stratigra#hy in
carbonate and eva#orite environments /he E,,on 2hart is critically discussed
b= /his course loo3s at the theory behind many of the #rinci#al to#ics in stratigra#hy It
does so in a 6uantitative way, su##orted by a suite of com#uter-based e,ercises /he
#ur#ose-written #rograms that im#lement these e,ercises #rovide students with the
means of simulating common de#ositional systems and therefore of wor3ing out how
stratigra#hic data should be inter#reted
(eaching form
a= Kloc3 course, #ractical course with descri#tion and inter#retation of sedimentary records
b= Lecture R .ractical course with com#uter-based e,cercises
5xamination form
a= 2lass e,ercise
b= 2lass e,ercise
E,aminationC
Fne mar3ed written re#ort
a= R b= %one
;sage of the module
---
4ecommended reading
a= 2oe, AL <ed= <&((*=C /he Sedimentary 9ecord of Sea-Level 2hange 2ambridge University
.ress, 2ambridge, &55
b= %icols, ! <)888= Sedimentology and Stratigra#hy Klac3well, Kerlin, *'(
6ecture notes
.rovided in class
4.1 4heology and (extures
6ecturer7s8
a= .E Er E Stein
b= .rof Er S 7ergarten
(ype
E !eology
E !eochem
!or-load
)0( h
Credits
0 E2/S
(erm
1S
Cycle
annual
9uration
) term
a= 9heology and /e,tures
b= 9eservoir !eomechanics
&resence
& s##w N *( h
& s##w N *( h
&ri0ate study
-0 h
-0 h
&articipants
)&
)&
Fne of the foci of the master #rogram :!eology; is :Structural !eology; /his module
concentrates on rheological and geomechanical as#ects of structural geology It is closely
lin3ed to the module :Structural !eology and seismics; /he two courses are interlin3ed
with each other, eg by analy$ing the microstructure of roc3 sam#les under different
#ers#ectives
a= /he successful students describe roc3 fabrics and mineral constituents of metamor#hic
and igneous roc3s ma3ing use of #olari$ing microsco#es /hey identify and describe sha#e
#referred orientations as well as crystallogra#hic #referred orientations /hey recall and
a##ly techni6ues to 6uantitatively measure roc3 te,tures and inter#ret #ole figures and
orientation distribution functions Kased on roc3 te,tures and fabric analysis the
successful students are able to deci#her deformation mechanisms and associated flow
laws of natural roc3s and estimate the conditions during deformation <#ressure,
tem#erature, strain, strain rate=
b= Students recall the theory of stress and strain tensors /hey a##ly various techni6ues
including numerical simulation to 6uantitatively calculate tectonic stresses and
deformation on a reservoir- <meter- to 3ilometer-= scale
Sylla#us
a= 9heology is the study of the flow of matter In Earth Sciences the focus of rheology is on
the ductile flow of mid- and lower crustal roc3s in res#onse to a##lied forces at elevated
tem#eratures /his course is designed to introduce the theory of #lasticity and #resents
various flow laws <%ewtonian, #ower law, etc= of roc3s and how these were determined
/he flow behavior is com#ared with deformation mechanisms o#erating in the ductile
field <diffusion cree#, dislocation cree#, dislocation glide, etc= A maGor goal of the course
is to gain #ractice in inter#reting deformation features observed in roc3 thin sections
under the #olari$ing microsco#e A crucial role in deci#hering deformation mechanisms is
the analysis of sha#e- and crystallogra#hic #referred orientations of deformed
#olycrystalline aggregates /echni6ues are #resented how roc3 te,tures can be measured
and inter#reted
b= /he course introduces the material laws that can be used to describe the elastic and
brittle behavior of roc3s Focus is on the effect of stress and strain on the reservoir
#ro#erties and their im#ortance for reservoir e,#loitation /he theoretical as#ects are
accom#anied by e,am#les of reservoir simulation using a Finite-Element software
Finally, the students will design and investigate a model for a reservoir in order to ma3e
an assessment on its e,#loitation
(eaching form
a= Lecture R /utorials including mathematical descri#tions of rheological #ro#erties and
microsco#ical investigation of deformation mechanisms and te,tures
b= Lecture R E,ercises including com#utations using finite element software
5xamination form
a= e,cercises
b= 7omewor3 R #roGect re#ort
E,aminationC
a= Structural !eology and Seismics
b= Structural !eology and Seismics, 2om#uter Methods
;sage of the module
--
4ecommended reading
a= Klen3inso#, / <&(((=C Eeformation microstructures and mechanics in minerals and
roc3s ?luwer Academic .ress, )0(
Uaeger, U2 V 2oo3, %!1 <)848=C Fundamentals of roc3 mechanics 2ha#man V
7all, 08*
%ye, UF <)850=C .hysical #ro#erties of crystals, their re#resentation by tensors and
matrices 2larendon .ress, *&8
.asschier, 21 V /rouw, 9AU <)88'=C Microtectonics S#ringer, Kerlin, &58
.oirier, U-. <)850=C 2ree# of 2rystals 2ambridge University .ress, &'(
.ollard, EE V Fletcher, 92 <&((0=C Fundamentals of Structural !eology -
2ambridge University .ress, 2ambridge, 0((
9analli, ! <)854=C 9heology of the Earth, Eeformation and flow #rocesses in
geo#hysics and geodynamics Allen V Unwin, *''
/urcotte, EL V Schubert, ! <)85&=C !eodynamics A##lications of continuum
mechanics to geological #roblems Uohn 1iley V Sons, -0(
Iernon, 9 <&((-=C A #ractical guide to roc3 microstructure 2ambridge University
.ress, 08-
1en3, 7-9 <)850=C .referred Frientation in deformed metals and roc3sC An
introduction to modern te,ture analysis Academic .ress, ')(
b= .ollard, EE V Fletcher, 92 <&((0=C Fundamentals of Structural !eology -
2ambridge University .ress, 2ambridge, 0((
Zobac3, ME <&((4=C 9eservoir !eomechanics 2ambridge University .ress, 2ambridge,
-'-
6ecture notes

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