[Turn Over

SERANGOON JUNIOR COLLEGE

2011 JC2 MID YEAR EXAMINATION

MATHEMATICS
Higher 2 9740/2
Wednesday 25 May 2011

Additional materials: Writing paper
List of Formulae (MF15)

TIME : 3 hours

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your name and class on the cover page and on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark or black pen on both sides of the paper.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.

Answer all the questions.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place in the
case of angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
You are expected to use a graphic calculator.

Unsupported answers from a graphic calculator are allowed unless a question specifically
states otherwise.

Where unsupported answers from a graphic calculator are not allowed in a question, you are
required to present the mathematical steps using mathematical notations and not calculator
commands.

You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your answers.

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.

Total marks for this paper is 100 marks.
This question paper consists of 6 printed pages and no blank pages.
Section A: Pure Mathematics [40 marks]
1.










The diagram (not drawn to scale) shows a rectangle PQRS where PQ =2 cm
and PS =4 cm and angle QST = radian. By considering the triangles QSP
and TSP, show that

2 4tan
.
1
1 tan
2
PT

.
Hence, if is sufficiently small for
3
and higher powers of to
be neglected, show that

5
2 5 .
2
2
PT +
[5]

Considering triangle TSP:

tan
4
PT
= ---- ( 1 )
Considering triangle QSP:
( )
2
tan
4
+ = ---- ( 2 )
tan tan 2
1 tan tan 4
+
=

Subst (1)

tan
2
4
4
1 tan
4
4 tan 2 1 tan
4 4
2
4tan 2 tan
4
1 2 4tan
1 tan 2 4tan (Shown)
1
2
1 tan
2
PT
PT
PT PT
PT
PT
PT PT

+
=
| |

|
\ .
( ( | |
+ =
| ( (
\ .
+ =
(
+ = =
(

+







M1











M1




A1


R Q

S

P
T

2

4

T
P
Q
S

2
4
[Turn Over


By small angle approximation,
( )
1
2 4
1
1
2
1
2 4 1
2
PT
PT

+
| |
+
|
\ .

=( )
2
1 1
2 4 1 ...
2 4
| |
+ +
|
\ .

( ) ( )
2 2
1 1
2 2 2 4 2 ...
2 4
| | | |
= + + + + +
| |
\ . \ .

= ( )
2
1
2 1 4 2 ...
2
| |
+ + + +
|
\ .

2
5
2 5
2
+ (Shown)






M1






A1


2. The position vectors of points A and B are 2i +j +3k and 3i +j +2k
respectively.

(i) Find the equation of line AB in vector equation form.
[1]
(ii) Find the position vector of P on AB such that OP is perpendicular to AB.
[3]
(iii) Hence or otherwise, find the exact length of projection of OA onto the
line AB.
[1]


Solution


2 3
1 , 1
3 2
| | | |
| |
= =
| |
| |
\ . \ .
a b

3 2 1
1 1 0
2 3 1
| | | | | |
| | |
=
| | |
| | |

\ . \ . \ .



( )
2 1 3 1
i : 1 0 or : 1 0 ,
3 1 2 1
AB AB
l l
| | | | | | | |
| | | |
= + = +
| | | |
| | | |

\ . \ . \ . \ .
r r
B1
(ii) Since P lies on the line AB,


So
2 1
1 0 for some
3 1

| | | |
| |
= +
| |
| |

\ . \ .
p

Since OP is perpendicular to AB,

2 1
1 0 0
3 1
.

+ | | | |
| |
=
| |
| |

\ . \ .

M1
2 3 0
1
2

+ + =
=

A1

So
2 1 2.5 5
1 1
1 0 1 2
2 2
3 1 2.5 5
| | | | | | | |
| | | |
= + = =
| | | |
| | | |

\ . \ . \ . \ .
p


A1
(iii)







2 1
1 0
3 1
1
2 2
.
.
AB
AP OA
AB

| | | |
| |
| |
| |

\ . \ .
= = =

OR
2 2
54 1
14
4 2
AP OA OP

= = =
B1


3. The functions f and g are defined by
. 2 ,
1
: g
1 ,
1
2 1
: f
>
<

x
x
x
x
x
x
x

(i) Show that
1
f

does not exist; [2]

(ii) If the domain of f is restricted to the subset A of , defined by
A ={ x : x k }, find the greatest value of k for which
1
f

exists
and define
1
f

in similar form.

[3]
(iii) With A as the domain of f, only one of the composite functions fg and gf
exists. Give a definition(including the domain) of the composite
function that exists, and explain why the other composite function does
not exist. [3]



A
B
O
P
[Turn Over

Solution:
(i)












The line y =1 cuts the graph of f at 2 points.
[Correct graph must be shown with any line y =b, b(0, 2)]
f is not 1-1
1
f

does not exist.

M1

B1

(ii) greatest value of k
1
2
= .
For
1
2
x ,
1
1 2
1
2 1
) ( f

=
|
.
|

\
|

=
x
x
x
x
x

2 1
Let
1
x
y .
x

2 1
( 2) 1
1
2
xy y x
x y y
y
x
y
=
=

| )
1 1
f : 0 2
2
x
x , x ,
x

.

(iii) D
g
= (2, ) , D
f
=
(
1
2
,
(

R
g
=
( )
1
0
2
, , R
f
=[0, 2)
Since
R
g
=
( )
1
0
2
,
(
1
2
,
(

=D
f
, fg exists
2 ,
1
2
1
1
1
2
) ( fg >

= x
x
x
x
x
x

Since

R
f
=[0, 2) (2, ) = D
g
, gf does not exist.
A1



M1






A1







M1


A1



M1





2
x
y
f( ) y x =
1
2

1
1
2

0.5

y

x

y =g(x)


4.
(a) Let z be the complex number 1 3i . Find the exact value of the real
number k, such that
2
5
arg(i )
12
z kz

= .

[5]

(b) Find the exact roots of the equation , expressing them in the
form , where and . [1]

Hence find the roots of the equation in the form
, , where , a b are to be determined.
[4]


Solution


(a) Note:
( )
( )
arg arg 1 3i
3
z

= =



2
5
arg(i )
12
z kz

=
( )( )( )
5
arg 1 i
12
z k z

=
( ) ( ) ( )
5
arg arg 1 arg i
12
z k z

+ + =





M1

( )
5
arg i
3 12
k z

+ + =
M2

Thus
( ) arg
4
k iz

= i.e.
( )
arg 3
4
k i

=


1
tan
4 3 k

M1

3 1 k = +
A1

(b) , where

A1







M1

2

5 5
2

5 5
1
1
.
k k
i i
k k
i i
w e e
z
w
e e

| |
|
= =
|

\ .

M1



0 r > <
[Turn Over



M1




, where
1 1
,
2 2
a b = =
A1


5.
(a) Find
2
1
d
9 4
x
x +

.
[2]

(b) Find ( )
d
cos
d
x x
x
.
Hence, find ( ) cos sin ln d x x x x x

.
[4]

(c) Using the substitution
2
1 e
x
u

= + , find the exact value of

ln2
2
0
1
d
e 1 e
x x
x

.
[6]

Solution
(a)
2
1
d
9 4
x
x +

( )
2
2
1
d
3 2
x
x
=
+

1
1 1 2
tan
3 2 3
x
C

= +

1
1 2
tan
6 3
x
C

= +



M1





A1
(b)
( )
d
cos
d
cos sin
x x
x
x x x =


( ) cos sin ln d x x x x x

( ) cos ln cos d x x x x x =

( ) cos ln sin x x x x C = +

M1




M2

A1
(c)
Let
2
1 e
x
u

= + ,

M1


2
2
( 1)
x
du
u e
dx
= u

=



2
2
1
dx u
du u
=

When x =0, 2 u =
When x =ln 2,
3
2
u =
ln2
2
0
1
d
e 1 e
x x
x

( )
3
2
2
2
2
2
1 2
d
1
1
1
u
u
u
u
u
| |
=
|
\ .

2
2
3

2
2 ( 1) d u u =

2
3
3
2
1
2
3
u u
(
=
(



2 1 3 3
2 2 2
3 2 2 2
( | |
= ( |
|
(
\ .


3 2
2
3 2 2
6 2 2
2 3
| |
=
|
|
\ .
=




M1


M1





M1










M1






A1




[Turn Over

Section B: Statistics [60 marks]
6.
A faculty in a local university has 500 students of which 200 are males and
300 are females. The enrolment of students in this faculty is recorded in a
computer databank in alphabetical order. A student leader wishes to find out
the concerns of the students and conducts a survey on 100 students in the
faculty.
(i) Explain how a systematic sampling method can be used to select these
100 students. [1]
(ii) Give one advantage and one disadvantage of this method. [2]
(iii) Suggest a method of obtaining a more representative sample. [1]

Solution
(i) Use the list of names as the sampling frame and determine the sampling
interval . Randomly select the k
th
person, where
| | and 1,5 k k
+

from the first 5 people in the enrolment, then select every 5
th
student
subsequently. M1
(ii)
Advantage:
Easier to conduct as compared with other types of sampling OR
The selected items are more evenly spread over the population

Disadvantage:
May get samples which are over-represented by any of the gender
(eg. almost all are males or almost all are females).
A1




A1
(iii) Use stratified sampling instead. A1


7. The average number of houses sold by a property agent in a month is 1.5.
(i) Find the probability that in a given month, exactly 3 houses are sold. [1]
(ii) Find the approximate probability that the number of houses sold in a
year is less than 20. [3]
(iii) Explain why the Poisson distribution may not be a good model for the
number of houses sold in a year. [2]
Solution
(i) Let X be the random variable the number of houses sold in a month.
X ~Po(1.5)
P(X =3) =0.1255 =0.126 (to 3 sig fig)
A1


(ii) Let Y be the random variable the number of houses sold in a year
Y ~ Po

(12 1.5)
Y ~ Po

(18)
Since =18 >10, Y ~N(18, 18) approximately
P(Y <20)
. c c
P(Y <19.5)
=0.63816
=0.638 (to 3 sig fig)



M1
A1

A1
(iii) The mean number of houses sold per month is not constant throughout
the year because of seasonal fluctuations such as economic climate,
government policies (or any other valid reasons given).
B1

B1
8. The proportion of secondary school students in Utopia who are short-sighted
may be taken to be 75%. A random sample of 25 students is taken.


(i) Find the most likely number of short-sighted students and state its
probability. [2]
(ii) Calculate the probability that at least 19 students will be short-sighted. [2]
A random sample of 65 students is now taken.
(iii) Show that the probability that the mean number of short-sighted
students between 23 and 49 inclusive is 0.718 correct to 3 decimal
places.

[2]
(iv) 20 groups of 65 students are taken in a study on the severity of short-
sightedness among students. Find the probability that at least 10 such
groups have a mean number of short-sighted students between 23 and
49 inclusive. [2]

Solutions:
Let X be the r.v. no. of short-sighted students out of 25.

(i) By using the GC, ,as
gives the highest probability value.


M1


A1

(ii)

M1
A1
(iii) Let Y be the r.v. no. of short-sighted students out of 65.

3
E( ) 65 48.75
4
3 3
Var( ) 65 1 12.187
4 4
Y
Y
| |
= =
|
\ .
| || |
= =
| |
\ .\ .

Since, n =65 is large, by Central Limit Theorem,
12.1875
~ 48.75,
65
Y N
| |
|
\ .
approximately, i.e. ( ) ~ 48.75,0.1875 Y N
( )
23 49 0.7181 0.718 (corr. to 3 s.f.) P Y = =










M1


A1
(iv) Let W be the r.v. no. of groups out of 20, having a mean number of
short-sighted students is between 23 and 49 inclusive.

) 7181 . 0 , 20 ( ~B W M1

( ) ( ) s.f.) 3 to (corr. 989 . 0 9894 . 0 9 P 1 10 P = = = W W
A1








[Turn Over

9.

According to data collected by the Mass Transit Railway (MTR) Company,
the number of delays on the North-East (NE) railway line and the South-West
(SW) railway line, occurs at random, at an average rate of 1 per week and 1.5
per week respectively.

(i) Find the probability that in a particular week, there is one delay in each of
the railway lines. [2]
(ii) Show that the probability of at most 2 delays occurring on the NE
railway line, during a particular 4-week period is 0.238, correct to 3
decimal places. [1]
(iii) By assuming a year to consist of thirteen 4-week periods, find the
probability that, in a particular year, there are at least ten of these 4-week
periods during which at least 3 delays occur on the NE railway line. [4]
(iv) Given that the probability of at least one delay occurring on the NE
railway line in a period of n weeks is greater than 0.975, find the least
possible integral value of n. [2]


Solution

(i)

Let E be the r.v. no. of delays in a 1-week period in the NE line.
E ~Po (1)
Let S be the r.v. no. of delays in a 1-week period in the SW line.
S ~Po (1.5)
P(E =1) P(S =1) =0.123





M1
A1
(ii)


Let X be the r.v. no. of delays in a 4-week period.
X ~Po (4)
P(X 2) =0.238 (3 d.p.)



M1
(iii)

Let Y be the r.v. no. of 4-week periods, out of 13, during which at least 3
delays occur.
Y ~B (13, 1 0.238)
Y ~B (13, 0.762)
P(Y 10) =1 P(Y 9)
=0. 624 (3 s.f.)
B1


B1

M1

A1
(iv)


Let W be the r.v. no. of delays in a period of n weeks.
W ~Po (n)
P(W 1) >0.975
1 P(W =0) >0.975
P(W =0) <0.025
Method 1
0
0.025
0!
n
n
e

<
ln0.025 n <



M1








3.69 n >
Therefore, the least possible integer value of n is 4
or
Method 2
Using GC, from the table,
when n =3, P(W =0) =0.04979
when n =4, P(W =0) =0.01832
when n =5, P(W =0) =0.00674
Therefore, the least possible integer value of n is 4




A1







A1



10. (a) The random variable X has a normal distribution with mean and
variance
2
. It is given that P (X <10) =P(X >20) =0.330. Find and . [3]
(b) The marks obtained by a randomly chosen candidate in an
examination on Mathematics and Psychology may be taken to be
normally distributed. The marks for the two subjects are independent
random variables and they are summarized in the table below.


Mean Variance
Mathematics 45 20
Psychology 60 35

(i) Find the probability that the total marks obtained by 3 randomly
chosen candidates in Mathematics and 2 randomly chosen candidates
in Psychology are less than 250. [2]
(ii) Find the probability that a randomly chosen candidates Mathematics
marks exceeds half of his Psychology marks by more than 10 marks. [2]
(iii) A candidate is said to have passed a subject if he scores at least 50
marks on that subject. Find the probability that a candidate passes
Psychology but fails Mathematics examination.
Using a suitable approximation, find the probability that, out of 100
candidates, there are more than 75 but not more than 85 candidates
who passes the Psychology but fails Mathematics. [4]





[Turn Over

Solution
(a) X ~ N( ,
2
)
P (X <10) =P(X >20) =0.330


10 20
15
2

+
= =
B1
P (X <10) =0.330
10 15
P(Z< ) 0.33

=
M1
10 15
0.4399

=

11.4 =
A1
(b) Let X be the r.v. marks for Mathematics obtained by a candidate.
Let Y be the r.v. marks for Psychology obtained by a candidate.
(i) X
1
+X
2
+X
3
+Y
1
+Y
2
~N(255, 130) B1
P ( X
1
+X
2
+X
3
+Y
1
+Y
2
<250 ) =0.331 B1

(ii)
1
2
X Y ~N
1 1
( 45 60,20 35)
2 4
+ =N( 15, 28.75)
B1
1
P( 10)
2
X Y > =0.824
M1
A1
(iii) P(X <50) P(Y 50) = 0.8287 B1
Let W be the r.v. number of candidates who passes Psychology but
failed Mathematics out of 100 candidates.
W ~B(100, 0.8287)
Since n is large, np =1000.8287 =82.87 >5,
nq =1000.1723 =17.23 >5 M1
W ~N( 82.87, 14.20) approximately.
A1
P ( 75 <W 85 ) P ( 75.5 < W < 85.5 ) =0.732
A1


11. (a) In how many ways can three identical prizes be distributed among six
students, if each student can get any number of prizes? [4]
(b) Two Math teachers, five Science teachers and three English teachers have
been invited to attend a seminar.
(i) What is the total possible number of ways that the organiser can split
the teachers into two groups with the same number of teachers each:
one discussing Topic A and the other discussing Topic B? [2]
The ten teachers are now seated at a round table. Find the number of
possible arrangements such that
(ii) all the English teachers are seated together and a Math teacher sits on
each side of the English teachers, [3]
(iii) the chairs are numbered and no two Science teachers sit together. [3]

Solution

(a) Case 1 : Choose 1 student to receive 3 prizes

6
1
6 C =
M1
Case 2 : Choose 1 student to receive 2 prizes and 1 student to receive 1 prize: M1
c.c.

6 5
1 1
( )( ) 30 C C =
Case 3 : Choose 3 students to receive 1 prize each
6
3
( ) 20 C =
M1
Total number of ways =6 +30 +20 =56 A1
(b)
(i) Total number of ways =
10 5
5 5
( )( ) C C
M1
= 252 A1
(ii) Taking all the English and Math teachers as 1 unit, number of ways to
arrange all teachers =(6 1)! =120
M1
Number of ways to arrange the English teachers =3!
Number of ways to arrange the Math teachers =2! M1
Number of ways to arrange all the teachers =120 x 3! x 2!=1440 A1

(iii) Number of ways to arrange English and Math teachers without
numbering =(5 1)! =24
M1
Number of ways to select and arrange Science teachers within the designated
seats without numbering =
5
5
5! 120 C =
M1
Total number of ways of arrangement with numbering =24 x 120 x 10
=28800 A1


12. (a) A bag contains 14 white balls and 6 red balls. Two players, A and B, take
turns at drawing one ball from the bag at random.
If a red ball is drawn, another white ball is added.
If a white ball is drawn, it is placed back into the bag.
The player who first gets two red balls is the winner and the drawing
stops immediately. Player A draws first.
(i) Show that the probability where player A is the winner on his second
draw is
57
800
.
[2]
(ii) Find the probability that player A is the winner, given that the
winning player wins on his second draw. [3]
(b) Another bag contains 14 white balls, 10 blue balls and 6 red balls. Alice
draws a ball one by one, and with replacement, from the bag at random. If
she draws a white ball, the game stops and she loses the game. If a blue
ball is drawn, she places it back into the bag and continues drawing. She
wins only if she gets two red balls and the drawing stops immediately.

(i) Find the binomial expansion of
( )
2
1
1 x
up to and including x
4
.
[2]
(ii) Hence find the probability of Alice winning. [3]

Solution

(ai) Required Probability
( ) ( ) P , , P , ,
A B A A B A
R W R R R R = +



6 15 5 6 5 4
20 20 20 20 20 20
| || | | || |
= +
| | | |
\ .\ . \ .\ .

M1


57
800
=
A1
[Turn Over


(ii) Required Probability
( ) P wins | winner wins on his 2nd draw A =


( ) ( ) ( )
57
800
57
P , , , P , , , P , , ,
800
A B A B A B A B A B A B
R R W R W R R R W R W R
=
+ + +

M1
57
800
57 6 5 16 4 14 6 5 4 14 6 15 5
800 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
=
| || || | | || || | | || || |
+ + +
| | | | | | | | |
\ .\ .\ . \ .\ .\ . \ .\ .\ .

M1
57
38
800
57 99
71
800 1600
= =
+

A1

(bi)
( )
( )
2
2
1
1
1
x
x

( )( )
( )( )
( )
( )( )( )
( )
( )( )( )( )
( )
2 3
4
2 3 2 3 4
1 2
2! 3!
2 3 4 5
...
4!
x x x
x

= + + + +

+

M1

2 3 4
1 2 3 4 5 ... x x x x = + + + + + A1

(ii)
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
P win P win after 2 draws P win after 3 draws P win after 4 draws
P win after 5 draws ...
= + +
+ +

M1

( )
2
3
2 3
6 6 6 10 6 6 10 6
P win
1 1 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30
4
6 10 6
...
1 30 30 30
| | | |
| | | || || | | || | | |
= + +
| | | | | | | | |
\ . \ .\ .\ . \ .\ . \ .
\ . \ .
| |
| || | | |
+ +
| | | |
\ .\ . \ .
\ .



( )
2 2 2 2 3 2
2 2 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
P win 2 3 4 ...
5 3 5 3 5 3 5
1 1 1 1
1 2 3 4 ...
5 3 3 3
| | | || | | | | | | | | |
= + + + +
| | | | | | |
\ . \ .\ . \ . \ . \ . \ .
(
| | | | | | | |
= + + + +
(
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .
(




2 2
1 1
1
5 3

| | (
=
|
(
\ .

M1
9
100
=
A1