Neurologic and eye disease

http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?c=2+2115&aid=!2
Neurologic symptoms are the most common "accine reaction seen in dogs. #anine
distemper "accination is the most common cause of neurologic disease$ and can cause
an inflammation of the %rain. &easles "accine in puppies has %een reported to rarely
cause damage to the ner"ous system. #ere%ellar disease has %een reported in puppies
less than 5 wee's of age who were "accinated with a modified li"e "accine.
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http://www.o"ma.org/pet(owners/pet(health/pet("accinations.html
)espite your "eterinarian*s efforts to design a safe "accination protocol for e"ery pet$
"accine reactions can and do occur. +han'fully$ they are not common. ,i'e a drug$ a
"accine is capa%le of causing an ad"erse reaction. -ome of these reactions are mild
.some discomfort at the in/ection site$ lethargy or loss of appetite for a day or so0. -ome
of these reactions are more se"ere .allergic reaction$ immunologic reactions0. 1f your pet
has reacted to a "accine in the past$ inform your "eterinarian.
1*"e heard that some "accinations cause cancer in cats. 1s this true?
2accination3induced sarcomas .a form of cancer0 in cats are rare. +hey occur most
commonly with 4a%ies and 5eline ,eu'emia "accinations. 1t is important for you and
your "eterinarian to decide if the ris' of your cat %eing e6posed to these diseases is
greater than the potential ris' of de"eloping a "accine3induced sarcoma. 1f the %enefits
of "accination outweigh the ris' of "accination$ then the "accination should %e gi"en. 1f
your cat de"elops a lump at the in/ection site$ call your "eterinarian.
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http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?c=2+2115&aid=!2
Adverse reactions to vaccination have been recognized for years, and were
commonly seen in several human vaccines including polio and smallpox
vaccines. Adverse reactions to vaccines also occur in dogs and cats. Adverse
effects from vaccinations can vary with the type of vaccine used, and the age and
breed of animal vaccinated. Anaphylaxis is one of the most serious reactions to
vaccines.
Anaphylaxis is a rare, life-threatening, immediate allergic reaction to something
ingested or injected. If untreated, it results in shock, respiratory and cardiac
failure, and death. An anaphylactic reaction can occur as a result of vaccination.
he most common symptoms of anaphylaxis are the sudden onset of diarrhea,
vomiting, shock, seizures, coma, and death.
Anaphylactic reactions are more commonly associated with the use of killed
vaccines such as rabies, canine coronavirus, and leptospirosis. !"illed vaccines
have more virus or bacterial particles per dose and have added chemicals
#adjuvants$ to improve the dog%s immune response. hese characteristics also
increase the risk of an allergic reaction to the vaccine.
!"illed vaccine
&accines which are made by taking the real, disease-causing viruses #or bacteria$,
killing them, and putting them into a li'uid base. (ompare with %modified live
vaccine% and %recombinant vaccine.%
also see "killed vaccine" below.
)eurologic symptoms are the most common vaccine reaction seen in dogs.
(anine distemper vaccination is the most common cause of neurologic disease,
and can cause an inflammation of the brain. *easles vaccine in puppies has been
reported to rarely cause damage to the nervous system. !(erebellar disease has
been reported in puppies less than + weeks of age who were vaccinated with a
modified live vaccine.
!(erebellar disease #brain disorder$
http,--www.patient.co.uk-doctor-cerebellar-signs-including-cerebellar-ataxia
(anine adenovirus-. is known to cause an allergic uveitis #inflammation of the
eye$, often called %blue eye.% *ost vaccines now contain canine adenovirus-/
instead of adenovirus-., almost eliminating the chance of blue eye occurring
today.
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http,--www.veterinarypartner.com-(ontent.plx1
23A45364(364A3.78849&etI:3866.;.8
What is vaccinial distemper? Can a dog actually get distemper from its vaccine?
&accinial distemper refers to the development of neurodistemper .6 to /. days
after administration of a modified live distemper vaccine.
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5usan horpe &argas *5, 2h.:.
7ne of the most contro"ersial issues in "eterinary science today concerns "accinations.
8hat people are 9uestioning is the fre9uency of "accination$ some safety "s. efficacy
concerns and e"en whether to "accinate at all. -o when you as' your "et when to %ring
your animal %ac' for its ne6t shot$ %e aware there is no one correct answer.
he &accine (ontroversy
+he first point to consider is the safety issue. &accines can be harmful. +here are ris's
associated with "accinations and when weighed against the %enefits such ris's usually
are considered accepta%le$ except when it is your dog that suffers the untoward
reaction. 5or instance some dogs$ after %eing "accinated with modified li"e canine
distemper "accine .see types of "accines0 can de"elop seizures$ a lack of
coordination and other neurological dysfunctions caused from a rare condition
called post"accinal canine distemper "irus encephalitis. :nother pro%lem noted with
genetically suscepti%le animals is that it is possible for vaccinations to trigger
various autoimmune diseases, including several blood disorders and a rabies
vaccine-induced encephalitis. 7f particular note in this regard has %een the
association of autoimmune hemolytic anemia with vaccination in dogs .
Canine parvovirus, canine distemper and the use of polyvalent vaccines that
contain these attenuated viruses have been implicated in inducing immune
dysfunction.
!"illed vaccines, also known as fully attenuated vaccines$ until recently ha"e %een
the safest "accine option a"aila%le. +hey are safer %ecause unli'e the modified li"e
"accines they do not shed "irus into the en"ironment nor can they e"er re"ert to
"irulence. ;owe"er$ in order to ma6imi<e their effecti"eness$ 'illed "accines are normally
used with ad/u"ants that can cause their own pro%lems. +he immune system is antigen3
dri"en. +his means that in order to mount an effecti"e immune response$ the %ody must
see the antigen for as long as possi%le. 7nce the antigen is eliminated the response is
terminated. &any different compounds ha"e %een used to enhance the efficacy of 'illed
"accines$ %ut the rational %ehind their use is to prolong the antigenic stimulus of the
primary immune response.
1n comparison$ the modified li"e "accines are more li'e the original pathogen in the way
they elicit a immune reaction. 1n general$ "accines that contain the li"ing organisms will
produce a stronger and a longer3lasting immunity$ %ut their "irulence must %e reduced to
a safe le"el. +his process is called attenuation. 4educing the "irulence of %acteria is
accomplished %y culturing them under unusual conditions.
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http,--www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov-pubmed-..+6@;@
*easles vaccine in dogs, efficacy against aerosol challenge with virulent canine
distemper virus.
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:%stract
5ifty young =eagle pups were used in studies on the efficacy of measles "irus "accine in
pro"iding protection against "irulent canine distemper .#)0 "irus gi"en intranasally.
:mong 2 dogs "accinated with measles "irus "accine and su%se9uently e6posed to
"irulent #) "irus$ 1 died$ > de"eloped relati"ely se"ere signs of #)$ 15 had mild signs of
distemper$ and ! remained clinically normal. 7f 15 un"accinated dogs similarly e6posed
to "irulent #) "irus$ 11 succum%ed to distemper. -i6 pups "accinated with modified li"e3
"irus .&,20 #) "irus "accine remained clinically normal following immunity challenge.
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