AIM OF THE EXPPERIMENT :Study of reciprocating pump.

REQUIRMENTS:
1.Model of reciprocating pump.
2.Map of reciprocating pump.
THEORY:Reciprocating pump is a positive displacement pump in which the liquid is sucked and
then it is pushed due to the thrust exerted on it by a moving member,which results in lifting the liquid tp
the required height. The reciprocating pumps can be classified according to the liquid being in pumps
can be classified according to the liquid being in contact with one side or bpth sides of the piston and
according to the number of cylinders provided.According to former the reciprocating pumps may be
classified as (1)single acting pump (2)double acting pump.In single acting pump the liquid is in contact
with one side of piston.But in double acting pump the same is in contact with both the sides of the
piston.According to the number of cylinders, the reciprocating pumps may be classified as (1)Single
cylinder pump (2)double cylinder pump (3)triple cylinder pump (4)duplex double acting pump and
(5)quintuplex pump.
CONSTRUCTION: A reciprocating pump in its simplest form consits of a cylinder in which a piston
works.The movement of the piston is obtained by a connecting rod,which connects the piston and the
rotating crank.A suction pipe connects the source of water and cylinder.A deliver pipe is fitted to an air
vessel into which the water is discharged from the cylinder .A suction valve on the suction pipe admits
the flow from the suction pipe to the cylinder .A delivery valve on the delivery pipe admits the fluid to
flow to measuring tank.An air vessel filled with compressed air keeps the flow uniform.A spring loaded
safety valve releases extra pressure from the delivery pipe.
WORKING PRINCIPLE : During the suction stroke, the piston moves towards the right, thus creating
vacuum in the cylinder . This vacuum causes the suction valve to open and water enters the cylinder.
During the delivery stroke the piston moves towards left, thus increasing pressure in the cylinder .This
increase in pressure causes the suction valve to close and delivery valve to open and the water is forced
into the air vessel. Air vessel maintains the uniform flow and discharges the liquid to the delivery pipe.
If in a single acting reciprocating pump
L=length of the stroke in meters
A=cross sectional area of the piston in m
N=r.p.m.of crank
Q=LAN/60 m/sec
PRACTICAL APPLICATION :Reciprocating pumps are used for high head and small discharge .
PROCEDURE: Draw the constructional details of a reciprocating pump. Locate the different parts .Rotate
the handle of reciprocating pump model .Observe the motion of the piston and valve position of it.Give
five numbers of important manufacture of reciprocating pump.