REGLAS DEL GERUNDIO E INFIITIVO

REGLAS DEL GERUNDIO

The form of the verb that ends in -ing is called a Gerund when used as a noun.
1. Because their function is that of a noun, gerunds may be used as the subject of a
sentence:
Running regularly will make you feel better.
Studying requires most of my time during the day.
2. The -ing form can also be called a present participle; however, the function is that of a
verb when used in the present or past progressive:
The teacher is speaking to her students.
3. If a gerund is combined with a preposition, it is called a Gerund phrase:
Our daughter's life ambition is studying to be a doctor.
4. Possessive adjectives precede a gerund:
Her working late is making her sick.
I dont mind him being here.
5. There are some verbs that must be followed by a gerund. Example:
I enjoy studying. Would you mind being quiet?
6. The following verbs MUST be followed by a gerund:
admit
discuss
finish
miss
quit
give up
postpone
stop (=quit)
avoid
resist
consider
dislike
keep on
paramit
admit
discuss
finish
miss
quit
7. The choice of a gerund or an infinitive, in some instances, does not affect the meaning of a
verb.
a) I prefer to go to the mall.
b) I prefer going to the mall.
8. Verbs that show emotion and the fulfillment of unfulfillment of an activity may affect the
meaning depending on the choice of an infinitive or a gerund. Gerunds are used to
describe actions that are factual, whereas infinitives are used to describe actions that may
take place in the time to come or that are possible.
9. Verbs of Emotion:
Factual: Did you like dancing last night?
Possible: Do you like to dance?
10. Verbs of fulfillment/unfulfillment:
Factual: I started doing my homework and question #1 is really hard.
Possible: Did you start to do your homework?
11. A Gerund will follow a preposition:
Thank you for helping me.
12. The negation NOT is always placed in front of the gerund or the infinitive.
I enjoy not having to do study today.
13. Gerunds are used after the following expressions:
-worth,
-rather than,
-instead of
-This situation is worth looking into
-Rather than studying Chemistry we decided to study Anatomy
-Instead of talking to her boss directly, she sent a message with her secretary.
14. Verbs of perception- feel, hear, notice, observe, see, smell, watch- may be followed by
gerunds, however, never infinitives. (These may also be followed by the base form of the
verb.)
-Have you ever seen an ice skater doing a high jump?
-Do you hear the phone ringing?
15. When there is only one object complement, some verbs are followed by a gerund
complements.
-Doctors advise reducing fats in ones diet.
-They urge giving up fried foods.
They encourage steaming or boiling food but forbid frying things in oil.
-Changing food habits requires changing old habits
ESPAOL
REGLAS DEL GERUNDIO
La forma del verbo que termina en-ing se llama Gerundio cuando se utiliza como un sustantivo.
1. Debido a que su funcin es la de un sustantivo, gerundios se pueden usar como el sujeto
de una oracin:
a. Running regularly will make you feel better.
b. Studying requires most of my time during the day.
2. La forma ing tambin puede ser llamado un participio presente; Sin embargo, la funcin es
la de un verbo cuando se usa en el presente o pasado progresivo:
a. The teacher is speaking to her students.
3. Si un gerundio se combina con una preposicin, se denomina una frase Gerundio:
a. Our daughter's life ambition is studying to be a doctor.
4. Los adjetivos posesivos que preceden un gerundio:
a. Her working late is making her sick.
b. I dont mind him being here.
5. Hay algunos verbos que deben ser seguidos por un gerundio. Ejemplo:
a. I enjoy studying. Would you mind being quiet?
6. Los verbos siguientes deben ser seguidos por un gerundio.
a. admit
b. discuss
c. finish
d. miss
e. quit
f. give up
g. postpone
h. stop (=quit)
i. avoid
j. resist
k. consider
l. dislike
m. keep on
n. paramit
o. admit
p. discuss
q. finish
r. miss
s. quit
7. La eleccin de un gerundio o un infinitivo, en algunos casos, no afecta al significado de un
verbo.
a) I prefer to go to the mall.
b) I prefer going to the mall.
8. Los verbos que muestran la emocin y el cumplimiento o incumplimiento de una actividad
pueden afectar el significado dependiendo de la eleccin de un infinitivo o un gerundio. Los
gerundios se usan para describir las acciones que son de hecho, mientras que los infinitivos se
usan para describir las acciones que puedan tener lugar en el tiempo por venir, o que son posibles.
9. Los verbos de emocin:
Factual: Did you like dancing last night?
Possible : Do you like to dance?
10. Los verbos de cumplimiento / incumplimiento:
Factual: I started doing my homework and question #1 is really hard.
Possible: Did you start to do your homework?
11. A Gerundio seguir una preposicin:
Thank you for helping me.
12. La negacin no se coloca siempre delante del gerundio o el infinitivo.
I enjoy not having to do study today.
13. Los gerundios se usan despus de las siguientes expresiones:
-worth,
-rather than,
-instead of
-This situation is worth looking into
-Rather than studying Chemistry we decided to study Anatomy
-Instead of talking to her boss directly, she sent a message with her secretary.
14. Verbos de percepcin-sentir, or, observar, ver, oler, ver, puede ser seguido por los gerundios,
sin embargo, nunca los infinitivos. (Estos tambin pueden ser seguidos de la forma bsica del
verbo.)
-Have you ever seen an ice skater doing a high jump?
-Do you hear the phone ringing?
15. Cuando slo hay un objeto del complemento, algunos verbos son seguidos por un gerundio
complementa.
-Doctors advise reducing fats in ones diet.
-They urge giving up fried foods.
They encourage steaming or boiling food but forbid frying things in oil.
-Changing food habits requires changing old habits