Pics: H, E

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Sources: 1, 9, 10
Picture Source: 9
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This chart displays the interactions between the various factors that influenced the
2010 Cholera outbreak in Haiti. The chart goes in chronological order from top to
bottom, with boxes representing different actors and arrows representing the
relationships between factors and Cholera (red arrows mean the factor contributed
to the Cholera outbreak; green arrows mean the factor was a response to address the
Cholera outbreak).

Sources: My analysis and summary of all works cited (see Works Cited slide); I created
this chart
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This slide demonstrates how multiple factors affected the societal environment (the
living situation) of Haitians prior to the October 2010 Cholera outbreak. Low resource
availability, poor sanitation quality, poverty, arrival of foreign actors to help support
unstable government, homelessness and destruction caused by the January 2010
earthquake, and increased stress in population were all factors that increased the risk
of a Cholera outbreak by changing the societal environment and making Haitians
more susceptible to the disease.

Sources: 3, 4, 7

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This slide demonstrates how the natural disaster of the January 2010 earthquake and
the inadequacy of the Haitian government (political unrest required the presence of
UN Peacekeepers beginning in 2004) both played a role in determining the actors in
Haiti. Both of these factors caused new international actors (UN Peacekeepers,
foreign earthquake-relief workers, etc.) to enter the country.

Sources: 2, 3, 7
Picture Sources: 7, 9, 12
5
This slide demonstrates the role of the physical environment and actors in disease
vectors/reservoirs. In the 2010 Cholera outbreak, the physical environment provided
a place for the cholera bacteria to live (watery environment compatible with Cholera
bacteria life and containing copepods) until it infected humans; the actors provide an
opportunity for Cholera to be introduced into Haiti in the Artibonite River (the strain
of Cholera from this outbreak has been genetically linked to a strain from South Asia,
which implies that a foreign visitor brought the disease to Haiti).

Source: 1, 6, 7
Picture Sources 9, 12, 14
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This slide demonstrates the three factors that led to the 2010 Cholera outbreak in
Haiti: human and/or copepod vectors/reservoirs (biological), crowded and low-
resource societal environment after the earthquake (environmental), and the
norms/practices of washing in and drinking from the Artibonite River (social).

Sources: 2, 3, 5, 6, 7
Picture Sources: 6, 11, 12, 13
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This slide demonstrates the factors that resulted from the Cholera outbreak; this
includes the attempts of government and other actors (NGOs, international
institutions, etc.) to control the disease and prevent its spread by promoting public
health campaigns such as providing access to clean water, educating population
about proper hygienic and sanitary practices, promoting and providing treatment for
those stricken with Cholera, and establishing health centers around the country to
treat Cholera.

Source: 2
Picture Source: 11

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Physical environment, social hierarchies, government and social unrest, norms and
practices, natural disaster, actors, societal environment (living conditions and
organization), vectors and reservoirs, and public health campaigns all played a role in
determining the course of the 2010 Cholera outbreak in Haiti.

Sources: Summary of all works cited (see Works Cited slide)
Picture Sources: 7, 14

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