REGIONAL PHYSICAL FRAMEWORK PLAN 2004-2030 (Volume 2 - Physical and Socio-Economic Profile and Situational Analysis)

REGION IV-A
(CALABARZON)
REGIONAL PHYSICAL FRAMEWORK PLAN
2004-2030
(Volume 2 - Physical and Socio-Economic
Profile and Situational Analysis)
Philippine Copyright @ 2008
National Economic and Development Authority
Regional Office IV-A (CALABARZON)
Printed in Quezon City, Philippines
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
List of Acronyms
Acknowledgement
Other Sources of Data/Information
A. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
1 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
1.1 Location and Political Subdivision 2
1.2 Land Area and Land Classification 3
1.3 Topography 4
1.4 Slope 5
1.5 Soil physiology and suitability 6
1.6 Rock type and their distribution 9
1.7 Climate 9
1.8 Water Resources 10
1.9 Mineral Resources 10
1.10 Volcanoes 13
2 LAND USE
2.1 Production Land Use 14
2.1.1 Agricultural Land 14
a. Existing Agricultural Land Use in the NPAAAD
b. Existing Land Use of the SAFDZ
i ii ii
2.1.2 Livestock and Poultry Production Areas 18
2.1.3 Fishery Resources 20
a. Major Fishing Grounds
b. Municipal Fishing
c. Municipal Fisherfolks
2.1.4 Highlight of Agricultural Performance and 21
Food Sufficiency
a. Crops, Livestock and Poultry
b. Fishing Production Performance
c. Food Sufficiency Level\Feed Sufficiency
2.1.5 Agrarian Reform Areas 23
a. Land Acquisition and Distribution
b. Agrarian Reform Communities (ARCs)
2.1.6 Mineral Resources 25
a. Metallic Minerals
b. Non-Metallic Minerals
c. Mining Permits Issues
2.1.7 Industrial Development Areas 28
a. Industrial Center
b. Ecozones
2.1.8 Tourism 34
a. Tourism Areas
b. Foreign and Domestic Tourist Travel Movements
2.2 Protection Land Use 40
2.2.1 National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) 40
a. NIPAS Initial Components
Taal Volcano Protected Landscape
Mts. Banahaw-San Cristobal Protected Landscape
Quezon Protected Landscape
Buenavista Protected Landscape
Maulawin Spring Protected Landscape
Mts. Palay-palay/Mataas na Gulod National Park
Alibijaban Wilderness Area
Table of Contents
i i i i i i i i i i
Alabat Watershed Forest Reserve
Binahaan Watershed Forest Reserve
Calauag Watershed Forest Reserve
Lopez Watershed Forest Reserve
Mulanay Watershed Forest Reserve
Marikina Watershed Forest Reserve
4Kaliwa River Watershed Forest Reserve
5Unnamed National Park, Game Preserve
and Wildlife Sanctuary
Infanta Watershed Forest Reserve
Polillo Watershed Forest Reserve
Tibiang-Domagondong Watershed Forest Reserve
Hinilugang Taktak National Park
Additional Sites
> Pamitinan Protected Landscape
> Minasawa Island Game Refuge and
Bird Sanctuary
> Maricaban Strait and Adjacent Waters
of Balsuran and Batangas Bays
> Mt. Lobo
> Umiray River Watershed Forest Reserve
> Panukulan Watershed Forest Reserve
> Kanan River Watershed Forest Reserve
> Ragay Gulf
> Mapanghi Cave
> Sumuot Cave
> Masungi Rock
2.2.2 Non-NIPAS 48
a. Wetlands
b. Other Critical Basins
Laguna de Bay
Taal Lake
Balayan and Adjacent Bays
Manila Bay
Regionial Physical Framework Plan Volume 2
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2.2.3 Ancestral Domain Areas 51
2.2.4 Environmentally Constrained Areas 51
a. Earthquake/Seismic Hazards
b. Volcanic Hazards
c. Hydrologic Hazards
d. Erosion
3 URBANIZATION AND SETTLEMENT PATTERN
3.1 Urban Barangays 63
3.2 Urban Population 64
3.3 Built-Up Areas 66
3.4 Existing Hierarchy of Settlements and Settlements Patterns 67
3.4.1 Urban Growth Clusters (UGC) 68
3.4.2 Large Towns and Medium Towns 69
3.4.3 Small Towns and Central Business Districts (CBDs) 70
3.5 Criteria Used in Identifying the Hierarchy of Centers in the Region 70
3.6 Accessibility Analysis 70
3.7 Implication of Urbanization 70
4 INFRASTRUCTURE AND OTHER PHYSICAL FACILITIES
4.1 Transportation 74
4.1.1 Road 74
4.1.2 Ports 76
4.1.3 Airports 79
4.1.4 Railways 79
4.2 Communication 82
4.2.1 Telephone Services 83
4.2.2 Postal Communication 84
4.3 Water Resource Management 84
Table of Contents
i v i v i v i v i v
4.3.1 Irrigation 84
4.3.2 Potable Water Supply 86
4.3.3 Water Supply (Household Level) 87
4.3.4 Summary of Issues/Concerns on Water 88
4.3.5 Flood Control 88
4.4 Power/Electricity 88
4.4.1 Power Generation 88
4.4.2 Energization of Municipalities and Cities 91
by Service Provider
4.4.3 Energization of Barangays 91
4.4.4 Households Using Electricity for Lighting 92
and Cooking
4.5 Social Infrastructure 93
4.5.1 Health Facilities 93
4.5.2 Basic Education Facilities and Manpower 93
4.5.3 Technical and Higher Education Facilities 97
4.5.4 Housing Facilities 97
4.5.5 Social Welfare Institutions 98
5 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
5.1 Air Quality 99
5.2 Water Ecosystem 99
5.3 Forest and Upland Ecosystem 99
5.3.1 Forest Land 99
5.3.2 Forest Cover 101
5.3.3 Reforestation Program 102
5.4 Biodiversity 102
5.5 Solid Waste Disposal 107
5.6 Use of Solid Fuels 107
5.7 Toilet Facilities 108
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Table of Contents
B. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE AND REGIONAL ECONOMY
1 POPULATION DIMENSION
1.1 Trends in Population Size 110
1.2 Population 110
1.2.1 Population Size by Province 110
1.2.2 Population Size by Catchment Area/ 111
Urban Growth Cluster
1.2.3 Urban and Rural Population Distribution 112
1.3 Population Growth Rate and Density 112
1.4 Age-Sex Structure 113
1.5 Fertility and Its Proximate Determinants 115
1.6 Migration 116
1.7 Population Momentum 117
1.8 Future Growth 117
1.9 Issues/Concerns 119
2 REGIONAL ECONOMY AND EMPLOYMENT
2.1 Regional Growth and Share to National Economy 120
2.2 Sectoral Distribution of GRDP 121
2.2.1 Industry Sector 121
2.2.2 Service Sector 121
2.2.3 Agriculture Sector 122
2.3 Economic Specialization 122
2.4 Employment Situation 123
2.5 Family Income and Poverty Situation 127
2.6 Income Classification of LGUs 129
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List of Tables
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
2.1 Political Subdivisions CALABARZON, 2000
2.2 Land Classification by Province (In hectares)
CALABARZON, 2002
2.3 Forest Land Classification by Province (In hectares)
CALABARZON, 2002
2.4 Distribution of Slope Range (Area in hectares)
CALABARZON, 2000
2.5 Distribution of Rocks by Type and by Province
CALABARZON Region, 1998
2.6 Climatic Type, Rainfall, Temperature and
Relative Humidity, by province
CALABARZON, 2000
2.7 Main Features of Principal Volcanoes in
CALABARZON, 1998
PRODUCTION LAND USE
2.8 Total Land Area, Certified A & D and NPAAD Areas by Province
CALABARZON, 1998 & 2002
2.9 A & D and Agricultural Lands Distributed by Province and Agency
CALABARZON 1987-2004*
2.10 Status of Land Conversion
CALABARZON, 1984-1999
2.11 Croplands by Major Crops and Province
CALABARZON, 2001
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3
4
4
6
9
10
13
14
15
16
17
2.12 Total Agricultural Lands/NPAAD, Total Croplands
and Utilization Rate by Province
CALABARZON, 2002
2.13 Distribution of SAFDZ Areas and Remaining
NAPAAD Areas by Province
CALABARZON, 2001
2.14 Area Occupied by Livestock and Poultry Industry
CALABARZON, 2002
2.15 Fishery Resources
CALABARZON, 1998
2.16 Sufficiency Levels of Major Food Commodities by Province
CALABARZON, 2002
2.17 Yellow Corn Feed Commodity Sufficiency Levels
2.18 Land Acquisition and Distribution Target by Year (In has)
2.19 Agrarian Reform Communities Launched by Province
CALABARZON, 2004
2.20 Selected Non-Metallic Minerals / Volume of Production
CALABARZON Region, 1998- 2002
2.21 Existing Mineral Permitees by Province
2.22 Status of Ecozones
CALABARZON, 2003
2.23 Growth Rate of Economic Zones
CALABARZON Region, 1993-2003
2.24 Foreign and Domestic Tourist Travel Movements by
Region(In thousands)Philippines, 1990-2002
2.25 Distribution of Travelers by Province (In thousands)
List of Tables
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17
18
18
20
22
23
23
25
28
29
31
33
39
39
PROTECTION LAND USE
2.26 Erosion Classes by Province
URBANIZATION AND SETTLEMENTS PATTERN
2.27 Number and Percentage of Urban Barangays and Population
CALABARZON, 2000
2.28 Total Land Area, A & D, Estimated Built-Up Areas and
Percentage of Built-up Areas from A & D
2.29 Scalogram of Development Clusters
2.30 Population Growth Rate by Urban-Rural and
Urban-Rural Growth Differential (URGD)
INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES
2.31 Road Sections with Estimated Annual Estimate
Average Daily Traffic (ADDT) >10,000)
CALABARZON, 1999
2.32 Road Densities and Paved Road Ratio by Province CALABARZON, 2000
2.33 Number and Length of Existing National Bridges by Province/City
CALABARZON, 2002-2003 (Length/span in kilometers)
2.34 Distribution of Ports by Province, Classification and Status
2.35 Inventory of Airport as of 30 June 2000
2.36 Installed Telephone Lines vs. Subscribed Telephone Lines
CALABARZON, 1999 and 2002
2.37 Number of Municipalities/Cities with Telephone Service
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61
64
67
71
72
75
76
77
79
82
83
2.38 Postal Indicators
CALABARZON, CY 2000 CY 2002
2.39 Palay Area Harvested , Production and Yield by Farm Type
CALABARZON, 1997 2002
2.40 Water Supply Coverage Targets by Province
CALABARZON, 2000
2.41 Households by Main Source of Water Supply
for Drinking and/ or Cooking
CALABARZON Region, 1990 & 2000
2.42 Summary of Water Issues/Problems of CALA Covered LGUs
2.43 Flood Prone Areas in
CALABARZON
2.44 Power Plan by Location, Type and Capacity
2.45 Status of Energization by Service Provider
CALABARZON, 2000
2.46 Percentage Households who are using Electricity for
Lighting and Percentage of Households who are using
Electricity, Kerosene & LPG for Cooking
2.47 Number of Schools in Elementary and Secondary Level
CALABARZON Region, SY 1996 - 1997, SY 2001 2002
2.48 Elementary Class-Classroom Ratio by Division
CALABARZON Region, SY 1994-1995 to 1999-2000
2.49 Secondary Class-Classroom Ratio by Division
CALABARZON Region, SY 1996-1997 to 1999-2000
2.50 Number of Barangays Without Public Elementary Schools (ES)
And Municipalities without Public High Schools (HS)
CALABARZON Region, SY 2004
List of Tables
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84
86
87
87
88
89
91
92
92
93
95
95
97
2.51 Households to Occupied Housing Units
2.52 Household Population to Occupied Housing Units by
Type of Building and City/Municipality
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
2.53 Land Area Classification by Province
2.54 Change in Certified Alienable and Disposable and Forest Lands
CALABARZON: 1990 and 2004
2.55 Percentage Forest Cover by Province
CALABARZON, 2004
2.56 Distribution of Forest Cover by Land Classification and Province
CALABARZON, 2005
2.57 Proportion of land area covered by forest based on area
reforested by the DENR IV-A and private sectors
Philippines and CALABARZON: 1976-2005
2.58 Area reforested by the DENR IV-A and Private Sector
2.59 Total Protected Areas by Province (in Hectares)
CALABARZON Region
2.60 NIPAS Components that Overlapped with Conservation
Priority Areas in CALABARZON
2.61 Households by Usual Manner of Garbage Disposal
2.62 Proportion of Households Using Solid Fuels for Cooking
2.63 Households by Kind of Toilet Facility Being Used
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98
98
99
100
101
102
103
103
103
104
107
108
108
POPULATION DIMENSION
2.64 Total Population by Selected Regions and Percentage Share
Philippines and Selected Regions, 1970-2000
2.65 Total Population and Percentage Share by Province
2.66 Total Population and Percentage Share by
Major Cathchment/Cluster Areas
2.67 Percentage Distribution of Urban-Rural Population
2.68 Population Growth Rate
2.69 Population Growth Rate and Density by Province and Cluster
2.70 Median Age, Sex Ratio and Age Dependency Ratio
CALABARZON, 1990, 1995 AND 2000
2.71 Selected Fertility Indicators by Selected Regions
Philippines, 2003
2.72 Percentage of Household Population Five Years Old and
Over who Remained in the Same City/Municipality
and Province Five Years Ago
CALABARZON Region, 1990 and 2000
2.73 Female Population Below 20 Years Old by Selected Regions
Philippines, 2000
2.74 Estimated Population Doubling Time of
CALABARZON Provinces and Catchment Areas
2.75 Actual and Projected Population by Province and
Catchment Areas
CALABARZON. 2000-2030
List of Tables
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110
111
111
112
113
114
115
115
116
117
117
118
REGIONAL ECONOMY AND EMPLOYMENT SITUATION
2.76 Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) and
Growth Rates Philippines,
Southern Tagalog, 1992-2002 and
CALABARZON, 2002-2005At Constant Prices (1985=100)
2.77 Average Share to GDP, GVA and GRDP by Sector
Southern Tagalog and CALABARZON Region, 1992-2005
2.78 Population 15 Years Old and Over by Sex and Employment Status,
Urban-Rural, CALABARZON Region, 1994-2002
2.79 Labor Force and Employment
2.80 Employment by Industry (in thousands)
2.81 Poverty IncidencePhilippines,
CALABARZON and Provinces, 1991-2000
APPENDIX TABLES
1 Selected Non-Metallic Minerals/Volume of Production by Province
2 List of Special Economic Zone
3 Ecozone Investments by Industry (In Million Pesos)
CALABARZON, 1997
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120
121
124
125
125
127
131
135
136
List of Figures
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
2.1 Location Map and Provincial Delineation,
CALABARZON Region
2.2 Regions Percentage Share to the Philippines Total Land Area
2.3 Slope Map,
CALABARZON Region
2.4 Climate Map,
CALABARZON Region
2.5 Map of Lakes,
CALABARZON Region
2.6 Distribution of Active and Inactive Volcanoes
CALABARZON Region
PRODUCTION LAND USE
2.7 Agricultural Croplands by Major Crops
CALABARZON Region,
2.8 NAPAAD and SAFDZ Map
2.9 Distribution of Municipal Fishery Production by Province (in MT)
2.10 Value of Agricultural Production
CALABARZON, 2003
2.11 Agrarian Reform Communities
CALABARZON Region
2.12 Mineral Resources Map (Metallic)
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2
3
7
8
9
12
16
17
12
21
24
26
CALABARZON Region
2.13 Mineral Resources Map (Non-Metallic)
CALABARZON Region
2.14 Map of Ecozones
2.15 Natural Tourism Areas
2.16 Cultural/Historical Tourism Areas
2.17 Man-Made Tourism Areas
PROTECTION LAND USE
2.18 National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS)CALABARZON Region
2.19 Preliminary Geohazard Map
2.20 Distribution of Active Faults in CALABARZON
2.21 Photo Taal Volcano
2.22 Taal Volcano Base Surges Hazard Map
2.23 Taal Volcano Ballistic Projectiles Hazard Map
2.24 Taal Volcano Seiches/Lakewater Oscillation and Fissuring Hazard Map
2.25 Erosion Map
URBANIZATION AND SETTLEMENTS PATTERN
2.26 Number and Percentage Distribution of Urban-Rural Barangays
CALABARZON, 2000
2.27 Urban-Rural Classification of Barangays
2.28 Built-Up Areas
CALABARZON Region
2.29 Existing Hierarchy of Settlements
2.30 Urban Development Cluster/Corridor
CALABARZON Region
xv xv xv xv xv
27
32
35
36
37
41
53
54
56
57
58
60
62
63
65
66
68
69
2.31 Actual and Projected Proportion of Urban
and Rural Population
2.32 Change in Population Density by City/Municipality
INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES
2.33 Number of Vehicles Registered and Annual Growth Rate
2.34 Batangas Port Statistics
2.35 PNR Train Operations
2.36 Existing Road Network
2.37 Teleledensity by Province
2.38 Telephone Main Line Density
ALABARZON Region, 1999-2002
2.39 Irrigation Status by Province
2.40 CALABARZONs Power Contribution to the Luzon Grid
2.41 Power Generation Mix by Province
2.42 Distribution of Power Plans by Type
2.43 Distribution of Tertiary Hospitals
CALABARZON, 2002
2.44 Distribution of Higher Education Institutions
CALABARZON, 2002
List of Figures
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71
73
75
78
80
81
82
83
85
89
89
90
94
96
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
2.45Distribution of Forests by ProvinceCALABARZON, 2004
POPULATION DIMENSION
2.46 Percentage Urban-Rural Population by Selected Regions (in Percent)
Philippines and Selected Regions , 2000
2.47 Age-Sex Population Pyramid
CALABARZON, 2000
REGIONAL ECONOMY AND EMPLOYMENT SITUATION
2.48 Distribution of Manufacturing Establishments
2.49 Economic Specialization of Cities and Municipalities
2.50 Income classification of Cities and Municipalities
CALABARZON, 2003
xvi i xvi i xvi i xvi i xvi i
100
112
114
123
126
128
List of Acronyms
A & D Alienable and Disposable
AFMA Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act
APIS Annual Poverty Indicator Survey
ARC Agrarian Reform Community
ARI Acute Respiratory Infection
ATO Air Transportation Office
BAS Bureau of Agricultural Statistics
BFAR Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources
BPO Barangay Post Office
BSWM Bureau of Soils and Water Management
CALA Cavite, Laguna
CALABARZON Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, Quezon
CARP Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program
CBD Central Business District
CEPZ Cavite Export Processing Zone
CHED Commission on Higher Education
CLUP Comprehensive Land Use Plan
CMTS Cellular Mobile Telephone Services
CPH Census of Population Housing
CvSU Cavite State University
DA Department of Agriculture
DAR Department of Agrarian Reform
DENR Department of Agrarian Reform
DEPED Department of Education
DILG Department of Interior and Local Government
DOE Department of Energy
DOH Department of Health
DOJ Department of Justice
DOLE Department of Labor and Employment
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DOST Department of Science and Technology
DOT Department of Tourism
DOTC Department of Transportation and Communication
DPWH Department of Public Works and Highways
DTI Department of Trade and Industry
EMB Environmental Management Bureau
EO Executive Order
EPZ Export Processing Zone
FAB Fernando Air Base
FDI Foreign Direct Investment
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GNP Gross National Product
GRDP Gross Regional Domestic Product
GVA Gross Value Added
HDI Human Development Index
HEI Higher Education Institution
HLURB Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board
HU Housing Unit
HUDCC Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council
HYV High Yielding Variety
ICC Investment Coordination Committee
ICT Information Communication Technology
IEs Industrial Estates
IPs Indigenous People
IRRI International Rice Research Institute
JICA Japan International Cooperation AGency
LA CASSA Cuenca, Agoncillo, Alitagtag San Nicolas, Santa Teresita
LDP Local Development Plan
LGU Local Government Unit
LLBC Laguna Lakeshore and Banahaw Corridor
LLDA Laguna Lake Development Authority
LRT Light Railway Transit
i xx i xx i xx i xx i xx
LTO Land Transportation Office
LSPC Laguna State Polytechnic College
LWUA Local Water Utilities Administration
MGB Mines and Geosciences Bureau
MIMAROPA Mindoro Oriental, Mindoro Occidental, Marinduque, Romblon,
Palawan
MMUTIS Metro Manila Urban Transport Integration Study
MRT Manila Railway Transit
MSME Micro-Small-Medium Enterprise
MSR Manila South Road
MTPDP Medium-Term Philippine Development Plan
MTRDP Medium-Term Regional Development Plan
MWSS Manila Waterworks and Sewerage System
NAIA Ninoy Aquino International Airport
NAMRIA National Mapping and Resource Information Authority
NDHS National Demographic and Health Survey
NCIP National Commission on Indigenous People
NCR National Capital Region
NEDA National Economic and Development Authority
NES National Ecotourism Strategy
NFPP National Framework for Physical Planning
NGOs Non-Government Organizations
NIPAS National Integrated Protected Areas System
NLUC National Land Use Committee
NPAAAD Network of Protected Areas for Agricultural and Agro Industrial
Development
NSCB National Statistical Coordination Board
NSO National Statistics Office
PA Protected Area
PAGASA Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services
Administration
PAWB Parks and Wildlife Bureau
PCA Philippine Coconut Authority
PEMC Professional Environmental Management Corporation
PEMSEA Partnership in Environmental Management for the Seas of East Asia
List of Acronyms
xx xx xx xx xx
PEZA Philippine Economic Zone Authority
PGR Population Growth Rate
PHILPOST Philippine Postal Corporation
PHIVOLCS Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
PNR Philippine National Railway
PPA Philippine Ports Authority
PPDO Provincial Planning and Development Office
PPFP Provincial Physical Framework Plan
PO Peoples Organization
PTMP Philippine Tourism Master Plan
RA Republic Act
RBADC Resource-Based Area Development Cluster
RDC Regional Development Council
R & D Research and Development
REINA Real, Infanta, and General Nakar
RICALA Rizal Cavite Laguna
RLUC Regional Land Use Committee
RPFP Regional Physical Framework Plan
RRTS Road Roll-On-Roll-Off (RoRo) Terminal System
RSC Rural Service Center
SAFDZ Strategic Agriculture and Fisheries Development Zones
S & T Science and Technology
SLEX Southern Luzon Expressway
SLPC Southern Luzon Polytechnic College
SME Small-Medium Enterprise
SRNH Strong Republic Nautical Highway
TFR Total Fertility Rate
UCBATC Upland Cavite-Batangas Agri-Tourism Center
UGC Urban Growth Cluster
UGCC Urban Growth Cluster Center
URGD Urban-Rural Growth Differentials
URS University of Rizal System
ZOMAP Zonal Map
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Acknowledgment
A. REGIONAL LAND USE COMMITTEE (RLUC)
1. Dir. Severinco C. Santos - Chairman, NEDA IV-A
2. Dir. Belen G. Ceniza - Co-Chairwoman, HLURB IV-A
3. Dir. Dennis B. Araullo - DA IV
4. Dir. Dominador B. Andres - DAR IV-A
5. Dir. Antonio C. Principe - DENR IV-A
6. Dir. Roberto C. Abejero - DILG IV-A
7. Dir. Louella C. Jurilla - DOT IV-A
8. Dir. Lina L. Estrada - DOTC IV-A
9.. Dir. Marilou Q. Toledo - DTI IV-A
10. Dir. Bonifacio O. Seguit - DPWH IV-A
11. Dir. Rosa Macas - BFAR IV-A
12. Dr. Rogelio Concepcion - BSWM
13. Dir. Jesse A. Obligacion - HLURB-ENCR
14. Dir. Ronald Fontamillas - HUDCC
15. Dir. Arnulfo V. Cabantog - DENR-MGB IV-A
16. Dir. Belino P. Osingat, Sr. - NCIP IV
17. Dir. Teresa Mondita S. Lim - PAWB
18. Engr. Alex T. Calicanto - PPA
19. Mr. Arsenio M., Cay, Jr. - Batangas
20. Ms. Eden V. Austria - Cavite
21. Mr. Valentin P. Guidote, Jr. - Laguna
22. Engr. Irma P. Garde - Quezon
23. Ms. Gertie A. Sison - Rizal
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B. RLUC TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP
1. Ms. Maribeth H. Ramos - BFAR IV-A
2. Mr. Joven P. Espineli - BSWM
3. Mr. Angelito P. Gonzales - DA IV-A
4. Mr. Edeltrudes C. Flores - DTI IV-A
5. Mr. Arvin Vinluan - DILG IV-A
6. Mr. Ramil R. Limpiada - DENR-LEP
7. Ms. Ronita A. Undayao - DENR-PAWD
8. Mr. Mario R. Daga - DOT IV-A
9. Ms. Lilia J. Lumbera - HLURB IV-A
10. Ms. Nora Diaz - HLURB-ENR
11. Ms. Sailani Bassig - HUDCC
12. Ms. Virginia R. Malantic - LTO/DOTC
13. Mr. Elmer B. Billedo - MGB
14. Ms. Sandy P. Padilla - NCIP IV
15. Ms. Mariden E. Maranan - PAWB
16. Mr. Antonio L. Bayani - PPA IV
17. Ms. Socorro R. Perez - Batangas
18. Ms. Lorena C. Cron - Cavite
19. Mr. Ariel P. Pearanda - Laguna
20. Mr. William R. Arjona - Quezon
21. Ms. Leila C. Reynes - Rizal
C. RESOURCE PERSON AND DATA/INFORMATION PROVIDERS
1. Dr. Arturo Corpuz - Ayala Land, Inc.
2. Director Rosalinda P. Bautista - National Statistics Office (NSO)
3. Ms. Pamela Lapitan - National Statistics and Coordination
Board (NSCB)
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D. OVERALL COORDINATION, REVIEW AND ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT COMMITTEE
Dir. Severino C. Santos
OIC ARD Liberty A. Abellon
Plan Formulation Group, NEDA IV-A
1. Mr. Donald James Gawe, Spvg. EDS/OIC
2. Mr. Antonio P. Robles, Sr. EDS
3. Ms. Agnes A. Daantos, Sr. EDS
4. Mr. Jedel Ervin M. Tabamo, Sr. EDS
5. Ms. Elisa I. Pandela, EDS II
6. Mr. Roc Escosio, EDS II
7. Ms. Antonina De Chavez, EDS I
Program and Project Group, NEDA IV-A
8. Fidel T. Udarbe, Chief, EDS
9. Ms. Rebecca A. Salangsang, Spvg. EDS
10. Ms. Emilinda S. Evangelista, Sr. EDS
11. Mr. Cesar M.R. Palacio, Sr. EDS
12. Engr. Josephine D. Hapil, Sr. EDS
13. Engr. Alan T. Del Socorro, EDS II
Administrative Support
14. Ms. Arlita E. Lopez
15. Ms. Alicia C. Billutes
16. Mr. Lorenzo F. Tamayo
17. Ms. Flordeliza G. Lagdameo
18. Ms. Norayda N. Ragasa
19. Ms. Nelia C. Villaflor
20. Ms. Kathleen Melendrez
21. Ms. Richeal M. Jastive
22. Mr. Farhad E. Ali Asgari
23. Mr. Tomas Q. Lipit
24. Mr. Francis P. Que
25. Mr. Pepito R. Ponce
Acknowledgement
xxi v xxi v xxi v xxi v xxi v
Other Sources of Data/Information
1. ATO 6. DOST 11. NSO
2. BAS 7. DPWH 12. PCS
3. DAR 8. LWUA 13. PEZA
4. DOE 9. NAMRIA 14. PHILVOCS
5. DOLE 10. NSCB 15. PNR
State of the Philippine Forests: The National Forest Assessment of 2003 by Mr.
Romeo T. Acosta
References
Way Forward Action Plan for Sustainable Forest Development of the Philippines by
Sec. Victor O. Ramos and Usec. Florentino O. Tesoro
Philippine Agenda 21
Philippine Biodiversity Conservation Priorities
Cavite-Laguna Urban Development and Environmental Management Study
Manila Bay Coastal Strategy
Laguna de Bay Region Master Plan and the Zone Management Plan
The Environment and the Millenium Development Goals
CALABARZON MDG
National Framework for Physical Planning
Philippine Forestry Statistics
Protection Land Use by Mr. Candido A. Cabrido, Jr.
Strategic Environmental Plan for the Batangas Bay Region, ENRO, Batangas
Taal Volcano Island Natiional Park Worlds Lowest and Deadliest Volcano, DENR
Philippine Statistical Year Book
Southern Tagalog Regional Socio-economic Trends
Provincial Physical Framework Plans (Cavite, Batangas, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal)
Provincial Socio-Economic Profile (Cavite, Batangas, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal)
xxv xxv xxv xxv xxv
2 22 22
Physical
Characteristic 1
1.1 Geographical Location and Political
Subdivision
CALABARZON is situated Southeast of Metro
Manila, Region IV-B (MIMAROPA) and Region V (Bicol
Region), and North of Region III (Central Luzon). It
is bounded on the north by Central Luzon provinces
(i.e. Bulacan and Aurora), on the east by the
Philippine Sea, southeast by Bicol Peninsula, on the
south by Tayabas Bay-Lubang Verde Island Passage,
and on the west by South China Sea and the Metro
Manila.
Figure 2.1
Location Map and Provincial Delineation
CALABARZON Region, Philippines
Figure 2.1
Location Map and Provincial Delineation
CALABARZON Region, Philippines
3 33 33
CALABARZON consists of five
provinces, 19 congressional
districts, 11 cities, 131
municipalities and 4,009 barangays
(Figure 2.1, Table 2.1). The eleven
cities of the region are Cavite City,
Trece Martirez City, Tagaytay City
(Cavite), Calamba City, San Pablo
City, Sta. Rosa City (Laguna),
Batangas City, Lipa City, Tanauan
City (Batangas), Antipolo City (Rizal)
and Lucena City (Quezon). Among
the cities, Lucena City is the only
highly urbanized city. Quezon has the
most number of municipalities and
barangays while Rizal province has
the least.
1.2 Land Area and Land Classification
The region has a total land area of 1,622,861
hectares or 5.4 percent of the countrys total land
area of 30 million hectares (Figure 2.2). The region
is the 6
th
smallest in terms of land area among the
17 administrative regions of the country. Quezon has
the largest land area with 870,660 hectares, while
the province of Cavite has the smallest with 128,755
hectares.
Of the total land area of the region, more than
one half or 64.6 percent is A & D while only 34.4
percent is forestland. Quezon Province has the
biggest area classified as alienable and disposable
at 474,439 hectares. Rizal has the least at 63,889
hectares. Quezon accounts for the biggest forest area
of 396,221 hectares followed by Batangas at 48,821
hectares, and Laguna at 41,253 hectares. Cavite has
the smallest forestland of only 21,022 hectares.
Three fourths of the regions forest are
classified as Timberland while only 0.005 are
classified as Civil Reservation. Among the provinces,
Quezon has the most number of national parks with
9,541 hectares followed by Batangas with 8,537
hectares. Laguna accounts only for 2,754 hectares
of national parks while Cavite and Rizal did not have
any data. It is also noticeable that among the three
provinces data on forest reserve, Quezon province
accounts for the most number with 72,606 hectares.
The province also has the most number of
unclassified lands with 6,887 hectares.
Figure 2.2
4009 131 11 19 Total
1,242 40 1 4 LucenaCity Quezon
187 13 1 4 PasigCity Rizal
1,078 31 3 4
Batangas
City
Batangas
674 27 3 4 Sta. Cruz Laguna
828 20 3 3
Trece
Martirez
City
Cavite
Barangays
Munici-
palities
Cities
Congres-
sional
Districts
Number
2/
Provincial
Capital
Province
4009 131 11 19 Total
1,242 40 1 4 LucenaCity Quezon
187 13 1 4 PasigCity Rizal
1,078 31 3 4
Batangas
City
Batangas
674 27 3 4 Sta. Cruz Laguna
828 20 3 3
Trece
Martirez
City
Cavite
Barangays
Munici-
palities
Cities
Congres-
sional
Districts
Number
2/
Provincial
Capital
Province
Table A.1.1
Political Subdivisions
CALABARZON, 2000
Table 2.1
4 44 44
1.3 Topography
The region has one of the most varied
landforms in the country, consisting of flat coastal
area, upland interior areas of slightly moderate
rolling or undulating plains and hills, and mountains.
BATANGAS
Topography: Located at the
southwestern part of Luzon; Batangas terrain
portion at the boundary of Batangas where Dos
Picos mountains are located. The province has
two principal rivers and two mountains.
Boundaries: Northeast-NCR and Laguna;
Southwest-Batangas; West- South China Sea;
Northwest-Manila Bay.
LAGUNA
Topography: Situated at the southern end of
67,003 63,889 130,892 Rizal
396,221 474,439 870,660 Quezon
41,253 134,720 175,973 Laguna
21,022 107,733 128,755 Cavite
48,821 267,760 316,581 Batangas
574,320 1,048,541 1,622,861 Region IV-A
Forest
Lands
Certified
A &D
Total Area Province
67,003 63,889 130,892 Rizal
396,221 474,439 870,660 Quezon
41,253 134,720 175,973 Laguna
21,022 107,733 128,755 Cavite
48,821 267,760 316,581 Batangas
574,320 1,048,541 1,622,861 Region IV-A
Forest
Lands
Certified
A &D
Total Area Province
SOURCE: Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Table A.1.2
Land Classification by Province (In hectares)
CALABARZON, 2002
564 43,857 22,582 67,003 67,003 Rizal
1,438 28 9,541 305,721 72,606 389,334 6,887 396,221 Quezon
274 2,754 34,588 3,637 41,253 41,253 Laguna
2,799 14,076 16,875 4,147 21,022 Cavite
319 51 8,537 34,137 43,044 5,777 48,821 Batangas
1,757 28 3,688 20,832 432,379 98,825 557,509 16,811 574,320 Region IV-A
Fish
Pond
Civil
Reser-vation
Military &
Naval
Reservation
National
Parks
GRBS/ WA
Established
Timberland
Forest
Reserve
Total Unclassified Total Province
564 43,857 22,582 67,003 67,003 Rizal
1,438 28 9,541 305,721 72,606 389,334 6,887 396,221 Quezon
274 2,754 34,588 3,637 41,253 41,253 Laguna
2,799 14,076 16,875 4,147 21,022 Cavite
319 51 8,537 34,137 43,044 5,777 48,821 Batangas
1,757 28 3,688 20,832 432,379 98,825 557,509 16,811 574,320 Region IV-A
Fish
Pond
Civil
Reser-vation
Military &
Naval
Reservation
National
Parks
GRBS/ WA
Established
Timberland
Forest
Reserve
Total Unclassified Total Province
Table A.1.3
Forest Land Classification (In hectares)
CALABARZON, 2002
1. Physical Characteristic
Table 2.3
Table 2.2
is mostly elevated lands; rolling hills, small
low flat lands with scattered mountainous
areas. The province has seven principal rivers
and five mountains.
Boundaries: North-Cavite; South-Verde
Island Passage; East-Laguna and Quezon; West-
South China Sea.
CAVITE
Topography: Situated at the entrance of Manila
Bay; Cavite is characterized by rolling
hinterlands punctuated by hills; shoreland
fronting Manila Bay at sea level; and rugged
5 55 55
the province of Rizal, Laguna is an inland
province though not totally landlocked, as most
of its northwestern portion is along Laguna de
Bay while the hinterlands of the Sierra Madre
Mountain ranges from level to steep. The areas
highest peak is Mount Makiling. The province
has seven principal rivers and ten mountains.
Boundaries: North-Laguna de Bay;
South-Batangas; East-Quezon; West- Batangas
and Cavite.
QUEZON
Topography: Located along the eastern portion
of the Luzon seacoast, Quezon has a rugged
terrain with few plains, valleys and swamps.
Only narrow strips of land along the coast and
river valleys are available for growing crops.
The undulating lowlands along the coast are
well drained. The Sierra Madre range runs along
the entire length of the province. Mount
Banahaw towering with 2,169 meters above
sea level is the most prominent peak of the
range.
The province is very narrow, averaging about
30 kilometers in its width, small coastal
lowlands rimmed by rugged highlands in the
interiors. There are also several islands, which
are part of the province. The largest among
the islands is Polillo Island. The province has
five principal rivers and 26 mountains.
Boundaries: North-Aurora and Bulacan;
Southeast-Camarines Norte and Camarines Sur;
East-Philippine Sea and South Tayabas Bay;
West- Batangas, Laguna and Rizal
RIZAL
Topography: Situated at the Northern
part of Luzon, Rizal province surrounds
Metropolitan Manila. It has undulating hills and
a few rugged slopes that make-up the southern
foothills of the Sierra Madre ranges. Eastern
portion is composed of gently rolling hills
broken only a few ridges; western part is low
and flat.
The province has two principal rivers and 36
mountains.
Boundaries: North-Bulacan; South-
Laguna de Bay; East-Quezon; West- NCR.
1.4 Slope
Slope is one of the most important land
characteristics being considered in land use
suitability evaluation. Slope controls the direction
and often the quantity of surface drainage (or run-
off) and influences soil erosion susceptibility and
rainfall infiltration into the soil. It also determines
the ultimate use of the land.
Lands with 0-18 percent slope are best suited
for agricultural use, urban and rural settlements,
industrial, institutional and infrastructure
development. Those areas with 9-50 percent slope
are suited to perennial crops, pasture and agro-
forestry; and those areas with slope gradient of more
than 50 percent are solely for forest development.
The region has a 59.73 percent land area with
slopes ranging from 0-18. This presents opportunity
for agricultural use, urban and rural settlements,
industrial, and institutional and infrastructure
development. Slope distribution by province is
presented in Table 2.4 and Figure 2.3.
The province of Quezon provides more
opportunity for agriculture and agri-industrial-
related production activities and for settlement
purposes, and the province of Rizal provides the least
opportunity.
6 66 66
1.5 Soil Physiography And Soil Suitability
There are three types of soil commonly found
in the region. These are: (a) clay (clay loam, loam
and sandy loam); (b) fine sandy loam (silt loam,
adobe and sandy clay loam); and (c) the soil of fresh
water marshes, hydorosol found around the Laguna
lakeshores. Approximately two-third of the total land
area is characterized by well-drained, deep, low
fertility acid soils, considered best for root crops
and agro-forestry.
In most part of Batangas, Cavite, including the
Western part of Rizal and Laguna, the types of soil
range from sandy loam to clay, loam generally suited
to upland crops (i.e. upland rice, corn, vegetable
and fruit orchards). In the lower areas of these prov-
inces, the soil is of clay loam type with fine sandy
materials good for rice farming. In Laguna, the hy-
drosol type plus clay loam type soil with fine sandy
materials found in the lakeshore has given rise to
fairly homogenous lowland rice farming pattern in
the province.
Soil types in the upland plains of Quezon and
Laguna are characterized by the clay, clay loam
and sandy loam suited to coconut agricultural pat-
terns.
Source: ALMED, Bureau of Soils and Water Management
870,660 210,940 139,026 16,314 289,044 73,360 141,976
Quezon
175,973 24,616 18,658 10,558 50,487 24,460 47,194
Laguna
128,755 17,586 6,154 7,644 40,330 30,438 26,603
Cavite
316,581 87,654 17,750 12,810 118,490 54,624 25,253
Batangas
1,622,861 390,396 215,538 47,658 531,583 189,330 248,356
CALABARZON
130,892 49,600 33,950 332 33,232 6,448 7,330
Rizal
100 24.06 13.28 2.94 32.76 11.67 15.30
Percent to total
land area
Very steep
hills and
mountains
(>50 %)
Steep hills
and mts.
(30-50 %)
Strongly
sloping to
moderatel
y steep
(18-30 %)
Moderately
sloping to
rolling
(8-18 %)
Gently
sloping to
undulating
(3-8 %)
Level to
nearly
level
(0-3 %)
Total
Slope range (%)
Province
870,660 210,940 139,026 16,314 289,044 73,360 141,976
Quezon
175,973 24,616 18,658 10,558 50,487 24,460 47,194
Laguna
128,755 17,586 6,154 7,644 40,330 30,438 26,603
Cavite
316,581 87,654 17,750 12,810 118,490 54,624 25,253
Batangas
1,622,861 390,396 215,538 47,658 531,583 189,330 248,356
CALABARZON
130,892 49,600 33,950 332 33,232 6,448 7,330
Rizal
100 24.06 13.28 2.94 32.76 11.67 15.30
Percent to total
land area
Very steep
hills and
mountains
(>50 %)
Steep hills
and mts.
(30-50 %)
Strongly
sloping to
moderatel
y steep
(18-30 %)
Moderately
sloping to
rolling
(8-18 %)
Gently
sloping to
undulating
(3-8 %)
Level to
nearly
level
(0-3 %)
Total
Slope range (%)
Province
Table A.1.4
Distribution of Slope Range (Area in hectares)
CALABARZON, 2000
Table 2.4
7 77 77
2
.
3
8 88 88
2.4
9 99 99
1.6 Rock type and their distribution
Different kind of rocks can be found in the Region (Table 2.5). Among these are quarts, limestone,
sandstone, granite and volcanic rocks.
1.7 Climate
Based on the data gathered and analyzed from
SOURCE: Bureau of Mines and Geo-Sciences
Metavolcanic, diorite, sedimentary Rocks and limestone The whole area Rizal
Limestone, diorite, andesite BondocPeninsula, PolilloIsland and other parts of
Quezon
Quezon
Alluruimconglomerate sandstone, Tuffite, andesitebasalt
and volcanic Breccia
Southern shores of Laguna de Bay, Western side
of Mount Makiling, Nagcarlanand Mt. Lagula
Laguna
Volcanic materials, tuff, cinders, Basalt, breccia,
agglomerate and interbeddingsof shalesand sandstones
Greatest part of Cavite Cavite
Andesite, limestone, agglomerate Tuff, alluruim, quartz-
diorite, Metavolcanicsand metasediments
Greatest part of Batangas Batangas
Rock Type Location/Distribution Province
Metavolcanic, diorite, sedimentary Rocks and limestone The whole area Rizal
Limestone, diorite, andesite BondocPeninsula, PolilloIsland and other parts of
Quezon
Quezon
Alluruimconglomerate sandstone, Tuffite, andesitebasalt
and volcanic Breccia
Southern shores of Laguna de Bay, Western side
of Mount Makiling, Nagcarlanand Mt. Lagula
Laguna
Volcanic materials, tuff, cinders, Basalt, breccia,
agglomerate and interbeddingsof shalesand sandstones
Greatest part of Cavite Cavite
Andesite, limestone, agglomerate Tuff, alluruim, quartz-
diorite, Metavolcanicsand metasediments
Greatest part of Batangas Batangas
Rock Type Location/Distribution Province
Table 2.5
Distribution of Rocks by Type and by Province
CALABARZON, 1998
the thirteen (13) of the Philippine Atmospheric,
Geo-physical & Astronomical Services Administra-
tion (PAGASA) climatological stations all over the
region, CALABARZON has four types of climate,
namely:
Figure 2.4 shows the Climatic type of the re-
gion while Table 2.6 shows the Climatic Type,
amount of Rainfall, Temperature and Relative Hu-
midity by province.
The general climate condition in the region
promotes agricultural activities except for some
areas in Quezon, particularly for Polillo Island,
which is classified as Type II. Most parts of Quezon
is conducive to farming. However, despite having a
large land area that can be devoted for agricul-
tural activities, Quezons terrain is almost equally
mountainous and sloping. Some areas in Rizal could
also be promoted for agricultural use. However,
Rizal is similar to Quezon as most of its areas are
mountainous and sloping.
Characterized by an even distribution of
rainfall throughout the year, covering
the central part of Quezon, including the
islands of Alabat.
Type IV
Characterized by a relatively dry season
from January to April and wet during the
rest of the year. The areas covered by
this type of climate are the eastern part
of Batangas, Laguna and Rizal.
Type III
Characterized by a very pronounced
maximum rainy period from November to
January, with no distinct dry season. The
areas covered by this type of climate are
the easternmost part of Quezon province
including the Polillo group of islands.
The mean annual rainfall received by
these areas exceeds 3,500 millimeters.
Type II
Characterized by a distinct dry season
from November to April and wet season
during the rest of the year. This type of
climate covers the whole provinces of
Cavite and Batangas, western parts of
Laguna and Rizal.
Type I
Characterized by an even distribution of
rainfall throughout the year, covering
the central part of Quezon, including the
islands of Alabat.
Type IV
Characterized by a relatively dry season
from January to April and wet during the
rest of the year. The areas covered by
this type of climate are the eastern part
of Batangas, Laguna and Rizal.
Type III
Characterized by a very pronounced
maximum rainy period from November to
January, with no distinct dry season. The
areas covered by this type of climate are
the easternmost part of Quezon province
including the Polillo group of islands.
The mean annual rainfall received by
these areas exceeds 3,500 millimeters.
Type II
Characterized by a distinct dry season
from November to April and wet season
during the rest of the year. This type of
climate covers the whole provinces of
Cavite and Batangas, western parts of
Laguna and Rizal.
Type I
10 10 10 10 10
1.8 Water Resources
There are nine lakes in the region, seven of
which are found in San Pablo City, Laguna. The seven
lakes in San Pablo City are Bunot, Calibato, Mohicap,
Palakpakin, Pandin, Sampalok, and Yambu. Close to
12 percent of the total lake area of the seven lakes
is utilized for aquaculture. The two other major lakes
are Laguna Lake and Taal Lake (Figure 2.5).
There are also bays found in the region which
are: Manila Bay which covers Rizal and Cavite and
shared with NCR, Balayan and adjacent Bay which
is found in Batangas and composed of 12 munici-
palities, Laguna de Bay which is found in Laguna
and covers some areas of Rizal, and Tayabas Bay
27.09 19.3 35.5 258 7.2 891
Type I The Western part of the province has distinct
dry and wet seasons, the first from December to April
and latter from May to November. The eastern
portion has rainfall evenly distributed throughout the
year. The mild and pleasant climate of the province is
due to the breeze coming from Manila Bay and
Laguna Lake with the cooling effect of the green hills
and mountains. The Sierra Madre ranges protect it
from strong typhoons from the Pacific
Rizal
The climate affecting 80%of the province belongs to
the type no. II, while the rest of the province belongs
to type IV
Quezon
Type III no distinct dry season
Type I two pronounced seasons, dry from
November to April and wet during the rest of the year
Laguna
28 20.3 36.9 161 6.6 401.6
Cavite
28 18.5 37 152 3.5 317.6
Batangas
Mean Min Max Mean Min Max
Temperature Rainfall
Type of Climate Province
27.09 19.3 35.5 258 7.2 891
Type I The Western part of the province has distinct
dry and wet seasons, the first from December to April
and latter from May to November. The eastern
portion has rainfall evenly distributed throughout the
year. The mild and pleasant climate of the province is
due to the breeze coming from Manila Bay and
Laguna Lake with the cooling effect of the green hills
and mountains. The Sierra Madre ranges protect it
from strong typhoons from the Pacific
Rizal
The climate affecting 80%of the province belongs to
the type no. II, while the rest of the province belongs
to type IV
Quezon
Laguna
28 20.3 36.9 161 6.6 401.6
Cavite
28 18.5 37 152 3.5 317.6
Batangas
Mean Min Max Mean Min Max
Temperature Rainfall
Type of Climate Province
Source: Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
Table A.1.6
Climatic Type, Rainfall, Temperature and Relative Humidity, by Province
CALABARZON, 2000
and Lamon Bay which is found in Quezon. Large
amount of underground waters are found in the flat
areas around Laguna de Bay.
1.9 Mineral Resources
CALABARZON has a variety of mineral re-
sources, both metallic and non-metallic. Among the
metallic minerals found in the region are gold, cop-
per, chromite (both the refractory and metallurgi-
cal types), iron, manganese, and nickel. Non-me-
tallic minerals present in the region are andesite,
basalt, clay, gravel and sand, marble, limestone,
Table 2.6
11 11 11 11 11
2.5
CALABARZON Region
MAP OF LAKES
12 12 12 12 12
2.6
DISTRIBUTION OF ACTIVE AND INACTIVE
CALABARZON Region
VOLCANOES
13 13 13 13 13
clay, feldspar, silica sand, and rock aggregates.
Gold, copper, iron, nickel and manganese can
be found in the provinces of Quezon, Batangas and
Rizal. Mineral resources in the province of Cavite
are concentrated mostly in the coastal municipali-
ties. In Rizal, mineral resources are concentrated in
Antipolo, Rodriguez, and Tanay. In Batangas, Laguna
and Quezon, mineral resources are spread through-
out the province.
1.10 Volcanoes
There are three volcanoes found in the re-
gion, namely: Mt. Banahaw (located between the
provinces of Laguna and Quezon), Mount Makiling
(found in Laguna) and Taal Volcano (in Batangas).
(Figure 2.6)
Table 2.7 provides a detailed description about
the principal volcanoes.
SOURCE: Philippine Volcanology Station
As of 1984, Taal volcano has
had 34 recorded eruptions since
its earlier outburst in 1572
1730 Known Eruptions
Mainly phreaticto
phreatomagmatic; rarely
stromobolian(first recorded in
1968)
Solfataric Central Crater Eruption Type of Activity
Olivine-Basalt, Andesite Basalt, Andesite, Dacite Andesite Main Rock Type
295 M 960 n Height of Edifice
400 meters asl. 1090 meters asl. 2169 meters asl. Height from the sea
121 59.6E 121 11.0E 121 29.0E Longitude
14 00.1N 14 08.0N 14 04.0N Latitude
Strato-volcano Strato-volcano Strato-volcano, complex Type of Volcano
Active Inactive, solfateric Active Status
Batangas Laguna Laguna and Quezon Province
Taal Mt. Makiling Mt. Banahaw Classification
As of 1984, Taal volcano has
had 34 recorded eruptions since
its earlier outburst in 1572
1730 Known Eruptions
Mainly phreaticto
phreatomagmatic; rarely
stromobolian(first recorded in
1968)
Solfataric Central Crater Eruption Type of Activity
Olivine-Basalt, Andesite Basalt, Andesite, Dacite Andesite Main Rock Type
295 M 960 n Height of Edifice
400 meters asl. 1090 meters asl. 2169 meters asl. Height from the sea
121 59.6E 121 11.0E 121 29.0E Longitude
14 00.1N 14 08.0N 14 04.0N Latitude
Strato-volcano Strato-volcano Strato-volcano, complex Type of Volcano
Active Inactive, solfateric Active Status
Batangas Laguna Laguna and Quezon Province
Taal Mt. Makiling Mt. Banahaw Classification
Table A.1.7
Main Features of Principal Volcanoes
CALABARZON, 1998
Table 2.7
14 14 14 14 14
Production and
Protection LandUse 2
2.1 Production Land Use
2.1.1 Agricultural Land
Agricultural land is defined as lands devoted
to or suitable for agricultural activities such as cul-
tivation of the soil, planting of crops, growing of
fruit trees, livestock and poultry raising, and fisher-
ies and aquaculture development. Croplands,
pasturelands and fishing grounds comprise these
agricultural lands.
a. Existing Agricultural Land Use in
the NPAAAD
All agricultural lands have been mapped
and classified by the DA-BSWM into a Network
of Protected Areas for Agricultural and Agro-
Industrial Development (NPAAAD). Lands
within this category are highly suitable for
agriculture and agro-industrial production
activities. For CALABARZON, about 41 percent
or 669,715 hectares of the regions total land
Table 2.8
Total Land Area, Certified A & D and NPAAD Areas by Province
-10.98 4.43% 0.17% Growth Rate, 1998-2002/ Percentage
Points Diff.
100 30.29 491,536 1,036,939 1988 (Has.)
100 41.27 669,715 1,048,541 1,622,861 CALABARZON
-1.28 -9.65 11.12% 0% Growth Rate, 1998-2002/ Percentage
Points Diff.
2.29 8.59 11,246 63,889 1988 (Has.)
3.57 18.24 23,880 63,889 130,892 Rizal
2.76 -9.15 3.68% 0.07% Growth Rate, 1998-2002/ Percentage
Points Diff.
55.08 31.10 270,746 472,361 1988 (Has.)
52.32 40.25 350,405 474,439 870,660 Quezon
Points Diff.
9.98 27.86 49,032 134,720 1988 (Has.)
14.52 55.27 97,255 134,720 175,973 Laguna
-1.30 -18.34 6.57% 1.04% Growth Rate, 1998-2002/ Percentage
Points Diff.
8.36 31.90 41,075 100,550 1988 (Has.)
9.66 50.24 64,690 107,733 128,755 Cavite
Points Diff.
24.30 37.73 119,437 265,419 1988 (Has.)
19.93 42.16 133,485 267,760 316,581 Batangas: 2000(Has.)
PercentageShare
of NPAADAreas by
Province
Percentage NPAAD
Areas by Province
Agricultural Lands/
NPAAAD
Certified Alienable
&Disposable Land
Total Land Area Province
-10.98 4.43% 0.17% Growth Rate, 1998-2002/ Percentage
Points Diff.
100 30.29 491,536 1,036,939 1988 (Has.)
100 41.27 669,715 1,048,541 1,622,861 CALABARZON
Points Diff.
2.29 8.59 11,246 63,889 1988 (Has.)
3.57 18.24 23,880 63,889 130,892 Rizal
Points Diff.
55.08 31.10 270,746 472,361 1988 (Has.)
52.32 40.25 350,405 474,439 870,660 Quezon
Points Diff.
9.98 27.86 49,032 134,720 1988 (Has.)
14.52 55.27 97,255 134,720 175,973 Laguna
-1.30 -18.34 6.57% 1.04% Growth Rate, 1998-2002/ Percentage
Points Diff.
8.36 31.90 41,075 100,550 1988 (Has.)
9.66 50.24 64,690 107,733 128,755 Cavite
Points Diff.
24.30 37.73 119,437 265,419 1988 (Has.)
19.93 42.16 133,485 267,760 316,581 Batangas: 2000(Has.)
PercentageShare
of NPAADAreas by
Province
Percentage NPAAD
Areas by Province
Agricultural Lands/
NPAAAD
Certified Alienable
&Disposable Land
Total Land Area Province
SOURCE: PENRO Report, 1988, * 2002 ENR Information and Statistics, **SAFDZ Handbook, DA-BSWM, 2001
15 15 15 15 15
area of 1.6 million hectares comprise the
NPAAAD or agricultural lands, as of 2002.
More than half of Lagunas total land
area or 55.3 percent is classified as NPAAD
areas a stark contrast with Rizal which has
18 percent. On the distribution of NPAAD areas
by province, more than half or 52 percent of
these lands are located in Quezon, 20 percent
in Batangas, 15 percent in Laguna and the
remaining 13 percent is shared by Rizal and
Cavite provinces.
Between 1987 and 2002, aggregate area
for agricultural lands in the region increased
by 4 percent from 491,536 hectares to
669,715 hectares. In contrast, the A & D
increased only by 0.17 percent during the
same period. Rizal registered the highest
increase of agricultural lands at 11 percent
while Batangas had the least at 1.6 percent.
The increase in A & D for cultivation is
partly attributed to the programs of
Department of Environment and Natural
Resources (DENR) and Department of Agrarian
Reform (DAR). During this period, an
estimated 38,796 hectares of alienable and
disposable (A&D) lands were opened up for
cultivation and were released by the DENR
for distribution to farmer beneficiaries under
the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program
(CARP) of the government particularly in
Batangas, Quezon and Cavite. Under the same
program, the DAR also was able to redistribute
a total of 132,294 hectares of agricultural
lands.
DAR and DENR are the frontline
government agencies tasked with the
acquisition and distribution of agricultural
land the flagship program for agrarian reform,
the CARP.
In addition, an increasing hectarage of
land was made available for agricultural
production activities through the governments
comprehensive agrarian reform program or
CARP. Under the CARP, the government was able
to distribute a cumulative 116,695 hectares of
agricultural lands to agrarian reform
beneficiaries in the region from the period 1988
to 2001. However, the conversion of agricultural
land to other uses is a common occurrence in
some provinces of the region which are
considered as producers of major agricultural
commodities such as corn, coconut, swine and
poultry, among others.
The expansion of industrial activities
beginning late 1980s and the consequent
movement of population from rural areas
towards the urban centers of the region are
widely seen to have influenced the increasing
land requirements for settlement, industrial
and commercial areas, particularly in the
provinces of Batangas, Laguna, Rizal and
Cavite. Hence, the incidence of agricultural
land converted to residential, industrial and
commercial use is relatively high in these
provinces.
Table 2.9
A & D and Agricultural Lands Distributed by
Province and Agency
CALABARZON, 1987 2004*
* Status of re/distribution as of August 2004 for DAR and
September 2004 for DENR
SOURCE of basic data: DAR Region IV-A and DENR IV-A LMS-LMD
170,862.64 132,294 38,795.31 CALABARZON
15,026.52 13,787 1,239 Rizal
99,691.30 72,771 26,920 Quezon
14,196.87 11,716 2,480 Laguna
10,027.10 6,599 3,428 Cavite
31,920.84 27,421 4,499 Batangas
Total DAR DENR Province
170,862.64 132,294 38,795.31 CALABARZON
15,026.52 13,787 1,239 Rizal
99,691.30 72,771 26,920 Quezon
14,196.87 11,716 2,480 Laguna
10,027.10 6,599 3,428 Cavite
31,920.84 27,421 4,499 Batangas
Total DAR DENR Province
16 16 16 16 16
In a span of fifteen years from 1984 to
1999, more than 12,000 hectares of
agricultural lands were converted mostly for
residential purposes indicating a quickening
pace of growth in the regions urban and
industrial centers (Table 2.10).
The principal agricultural land use
in CALABARZON is basically devoted to
crop production, utilizing close to 99
percent or about 663, 823 hectares of its
total agricultural land. About half of this
area is located in Quezon province while
Rizal has the lowest percentage share of
the total cropland at only 3.6 percent.
Coconut is planted in more than one
half or 376,760 hectares of the total
cropland area, while rootcrops use the
least area of 0.21 percent. The total land
area used to produce palay in the region
is 19.67 percent or 130,597 hectares,
while corn, mostly grown as feed for the
regions hog and poultry industry utilized
about 3.6 percent. Production of fruit crops/
trees in the region utilizes 52,211 hectares or
7.87 percent, pasture lands use 3.46 percent
or hectares, and vegetables use 0.28 percent
or 1,880 hectares of total cropland (Figure
2.7).
2. Production and Protection Land Use
Table 2.10
Status of Land Conversion
SOURCE of Basic Data: DAR CLUPPI
Note:
Categories for commercial, industrial and residential includes mix and related use.
Residential category includes resettlement and socialized housing.
Others category includes agriculture, aquaculture, eco-tourism, memorial parks and
SHOPC
12.52 60.84 18.21 8.43 12,607.3080 Total
2.31 68.71 1.24 27.73 961.6671 Rizal
31.26 60.57 0.47 7.70 532.9240 Quezon
3.83 50.67 31.41 14.09 2,325.3478 Laguna
21.46 57.84 18.84 1.86 4,081.9611 Cavite
9.03 66.90 16.61 7.47 4,705.4080 Batangas
Others Residential Industrial Commercial
Distribution of Agricultural Lands Converted to Other
Use by Major Category (%)
Agricultural
LandConverted
(ha)
Province
12.52 60.84 18.21 8.43 12,607.3080 Total
2.31 68.71 1.24 27.73 961.6671 Rizal
31.26 60.57 0.47 7.70 532.9240 Quezon
3.83 50.67 31.41 14.09 2,325.3478 Laguna
21.46 57.84 18.84 1.86 4,081.9611 Cavite
9.03 66.90 16.61 7.47 4,705.4080 Batangas
Others Residential Industrial Commercial
Distribution of Agricultural Lands Converted to Other
Use by Major Category (%)
Agricultural
LandConverted
(ha)
Province
1,412 has. (0.2 %)
1,880 has. (0.3 %)
8,921 has. (1.3 %)
10,610 has. (1.6 %)
15,192 has. (2.3 %)
19,638 has. (3.0 %)
22,959 has. (3.5 %)
23,643 has (3.6 %)
52,211 has. (7.9 %)
130,597 has
(19.7 %)
376,760 has.
(56.8 %)
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0
Rootcrops
Vegetables
Diversified Crops
Coffee
Sugarcane
Banana
Pasture Land
Corn
Fruit Crops/Mixed Fruit Trees
Palay
Coconut
Figure 2.7
Agricultural Croplands by Major Crop
CALABARZON, 1998
Source of basic data:SAFDZ Handbook, BSWM; ST MTADP, DA RFU4
17 17 17 17 17
Table 2.11 shows the
distribution and utilization of
croplands for the production of
specific major agricultural crops
by province. The data show that
most of the regions productive
agricultural lands are already
fully utilized (Table 2.12) Total
Agricultural Lands/NPAAD, Total
Croplands and utilization Rate by
Province, CALABARZON, 2002).
Batangas and Cavite
provinces have surpassed their
capacity levels indicating that crop production
activities may already be utilizing marginal
lands and even upland areas. On the other
hand, Laguna province has at least 12 percent
of cropland not yet fully utilized.
b. Distribution of the SAFDZ
Within the NPAAAD, lands were further
delineated and categorized into their best
classes and have been placed under the
Strategic Agriculture and Fisheries
Development Zones (SAFDZ) intended mainly
for agriculture and agri-industrial related
production activities. For CALABARZON,
agricultural lands comprising the SAFDZ
account for almost 60 percent or 401,304
hectares of the total agricultural land area
(NAPAAD areas) of the region (Table 2.13 and
Figure 2.8). The proportion of SAFDZ areas vis-
-vis the total NAPAAD areas vary significantly
by region with Quezon recording the lowest
Table 2.11
Cropl ands by Maj or Crops and Province
CALABARZON, 2001
SOURCE of Basic Data: SAFDZ Handbook, BSWM; ST MTADP, DA RFU4
100 3.6 49.6 12.9 12.7 21.3 663,823 Total Croplands
100 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 1,412 Rootcrops
100 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 1,880 Vegetables
100 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,921 Diversified Crops
100 0.0 50.8 0.2 44.3 4.7 10,610 Coffee
100 0.0 0.0 0.0 75.9 24.1 15,192 Sugarcane
100 5.0 75.3 0.0 14.6 5.0 19,638 Banana
100 23.9 62.9 1.4 5.3 6.5 22,959 Pasture Land
100 0.1 69.0 0.0 12.3 18.6 23,643 Corn
100 17.2 3.1 10.9 18.0 50.8 52,211
Fruit Crops/Mixed
Fruit Trees
100 4.7 28.6 17.0 17.6 32.1 130,597 Palay
100 0.5 61.1 14.8 7.2 16.4 376,760 Coconut
Total Rizal Quezon Laguna Cavite Batangas
Percentage Distribution of Cropland by Province
Total Croplands
(Has.)
Major Crops
100 3.6 49.6 12.9 12.7 21.3 663,823 Total Croplands
100 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 1,412 Rootcrops
100 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 1,880 Vegetables
100 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,921 Diversified Crops
100 0.0 50.8 0.2 44.3 4.7 10,610 Coffee
100 0.0 0.0 0.0 75.9 24.1 15,192 Sugarcane
100 5.0 75.3 0.0 14.6 5.0 19,638 Banana
100 23.9 62.9 1.4 5.3 6.5 22,959 Pasture Land
100 0.1 69.0 0.0 12.3 18.6 23,643 Corn
100 17.2 3.1 10.9 18.0 50.8 52,211
Fruit Crops/Mixed
Fruit Trees
100 4.7 28.6 17.0 17.6 32.1 130,597 Palay
100 0.5 61.1 14.8 7.2 16.4 376,760 Coconut
Total Rizal Quezon Laguna Cavite Batangas
Percentage Distribution of Cropland by Province
Total Croplands
(Has.)
Major Crops
Table 2.12
Total Agri cultural Lands / NPAAD, Total Croplands and
Uti li zation Rate by Province
CALABARZON, 2002
* Total Cropland (Ha) / Total Agricultural Lands/NPAAAD
99 100 663,823 669,715 CALABARZON
99 3.6 23,635 23,880 Rizal
94 49.6 328,991 350,405 Quezon
88 12.9 85,658 97,255 Laguna
130 12.7 84,134 64,690 Cavite
106 21.3 141,405 133,485 Batangas
Percentage
Share
Hectares
Utilization Rate
(%)*
Total Croplands Total
Agricultural
Lands/NPAAAD
(Has.)
Provinces
* Total Cropland (Ha) / Total Agricultural Lands/NPAAAD
99 100 663,823 669,715 CALABARZON
99 3.6 23,635 23,880 Rizal
94 49.6 328,991 350,405 Quezon
88 12.9 85,658 97,255 Laguna
130 12.7 84,134 64,690 Cavite
106 21.3 141,405 133,485 Batangas
Percentage
Share
Hectares
Utilization Rate
(%)*
Total Croplands Total
Agricultural
Lands/NPAAAD
(Has.)
Provinces
18 18 18 18 18
proportion at 31 percent and Laguna with
almost all or 98 percent of its NAPAAD areas
are also classified as SAFDZ.
Eighty-one percent of the total prime
agricultural lands in the SAFDZs can be found
in the provinces of Batangas, Quezon and
Laguna. Cavite and Rizal account only for 19
percent of the total SAFDZ area of the region.
Specifically, Rizal has the lowest percentage
share with only 5.5 percent.
On the remaining NAPAAD areas, Quezon
province has the biggest share, (242,945
hectares) comprising 90.5 percent of the
regions total. Laguna and Rizal recorded less
than one percent. Almost all of the NAPAAD
areas of the two provinces are classified as
SAFDZ areas.
Remaining NPAAAD lands are intended for
future expansion of agricultural production
activities. Intensification/Expansion of
agricultural production activities in the region
therefore can be focused in these areas. It
shall be noted, however, cropland areas is
much bigger than the SAFDZ areas indicating
that the remaining NAPAAD lands are almost
utilized.
2.1.2 Livestock and Poultry Production Areas
Under the SAFDZ, 4.7 percent or 18,844
hectares are used for livestock and poultry
production activities. For 2002, based on an
inventory of 20.34 million heads of swine,
poultry, ducks, goat, cattle and carabao, the
total area utilized and required for this
purpose was estimated to total 1,163
hectares. Chicken poultry inventory had the
biggest share in total inventory of about 85
percent and swine inventory of 8 percent;
occupy 44 percent and 40 percent
respectively of the total land area.
19 19 19 19 19
2
.
8
20 20 20 20 20
2.1.3 Fishery Resources
a. Major Fishing Grounds
The region is rich in marine
resources. It has nine identified fishing
areas, namely: Manilay Bay, Balayan Bay,
Batangas Bay, Batangas Coast, Verde
Island Passage, Tayabas Bay, b.
Ragay Gulf, Labat Sound and Lamon Bay.
b. Municipal Fishing
Municipal fishery activities are
traditionally centered in Rizal because
of the Laguna Lake, particularly on its
northeastern shore bordered by the
municipalities of Binangonan, Morong, Baras,
Tanay, Pilillia and Jala-jala. The average share
of municipal fishery harvest in this province
constitutes more than half of the total
municipal fishery output in the region (Figure
2.9).
Other municipal fishing activities
concentrate along Quezons southeastern coast
of Tayabas Bay and Ragay Gulf particularly in
the coastal towns of Sariaya and Pagbilao, and
the coastal towns of Pitogo, Gen. Luna, Unisan,
Macalelon, San Francisco and San Andres in the
Bondoc Peninsula. These coastal towns have
significant numbers of municipal fisherfolk
population, including the provinces northern
coastal towns of Infanta and Real. In Batangas
province, major municipal waters utilized for
fishing are the Balayan and Batangas bays, and
Taal Lake.
The regions coastal and inland waters
comprise the municipal waters, covering 95
municipalities and 879 coastal barangays.
c. Municipal Fisherfolks
The region has an estimated total
municipal fisherfolks population of 73,071.
Most municipal fisherfolks are considered poor
and directly depend on municipal fishery
activities for their livelihood. Ninety percent
of the municipal fisherfolks can be found in
the provinces of Quezon, Rizal and Batangas.
Quezon hosts the most number of fisherfolks
in the region with about 45 percent of total
municipal fisherfolks. These are concentrated
in the provinces southern tip of the Bondoc
Peninsula and REINA (Real, Infanta and General
Nakar) municipalities.
Table 2.15
Fishery Resources
CALABARZON, 1998
Quezon LamonBay
Quezon Labat Sound
Quezon RagayGulf
Indian Mackerel (Alumahan) Quezon TayabasBay
Threadfin Bream (Bisugo) Batangas Verde Island Passage
Grouper (Lapu-lapu) Batangas Batangas Coast
Anchovies (Dilis) Batangas BatangasBay
Slipmouth(Sapsap) Batangas BalayanBay
Roundscad(Galunggong)
Frigate Tuna (Tulingan)
Cavite/ Bataan Manila Bay
Dominant Marine Species Location Major Fishing
Grounds
Quezon LamonBay
Quezon Labat Sound
Quezon RagayGulf
Indian Mackerel (Alumahan) Quezon TayabasBay
Threadfin Bream (Bisugo) Batangas Verde Island Passage
Grouper (Lapu-lapu) Batangas Batangas Coast
Anchovies (Dilis) Batangas BatangasBay
Slipmouth(Sapsap) Batangas BalayanBay
Roundscad(Galunggong)
Frigate Tuna (Tulingan)
Cavite/ Bataan Manila Bay
Dominant Marine Species Location Major Fishing
Grounds
SOURCE: Bureau of Agricultural Statistics
Figure 2.9
Distribution of Municipal Fishery Production
by Province (in MT)
Cavite
1%
Laguna
12%
Batangas
14%
Rizal
52%
Quezon
21%
21 21 21 21 21
2.1.4 Highlight of Agricultural Performance
and Food Sufficiency
a. Crops, Livestock and Poultry
As an important economic sector of the
region, the agriculture sector is composed of
three major production subsectors; crops,
livestock and poultry, and fishery.
The combined production value of these
three subsectors in 2003 was estimated at 27
billion pesos (at constant prices). The livestock
and poultry subsector contributed half of this
total, while fishery and crops subsectors
contributed 27 percent and 22 percent,
respectively.
In 2003, the production value of
agricultural crops reached an estimated 6
billion pesos (at constant prices). The volumes
of production in the crops subsector were
dominated by sugarcane, coconut, palay,
banana, mango, pineapple, rootcrops and
corn.
CALABARZON is
one of the leading
producers of swine,
chicken and chicken
eggs in the country. In
2003, data showed
that about 13 percent
of total hog inventory
in the country, 24
percent of total
chicken, and 28
percent of total eggs
was contributed by the
region. Compared to
the countrys major
producing regions,
CALABARZON places
second to Region III in hog and chicken
inventory and first in egg production. Overall
the value of the livestock and poultry
subsector in the region is estimated at 13
billion pesos in constant prices.
b. Fishery Production Performance
CALABARZON region ranks fifth among
the countrys major fishery producing regions
led by ARMM in 2003. During the period 2000-
2003, total regional production averages
334,945 metric tons with an estimated value
of P 7.6 billion (at constant prices). Among
provinces, the combined fishery harvests of
Rizal and Quezon constitute three fourths of
the regions average annual production.
The bulk of fish harvested in the region
is contributed by the municipal fishery
subsector, averaging 40 percent of regional
fishery output, while period 31 percent and
29 percent have been contributed by
aquaculture and commecial fishery,
respectively.
6 , 2 2 3 4 , 4 8 6
8 , 8 9 1
7, 6 6 1
2 7, 2 6 1
16 , 52 4
13 , 9 76
19 , 6 6 9
2 1, 2 9 2
71, 4 6 1
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
(
I
n

M
i
l
l
i
o
n

P
e
s
o
s
)
Const ant Pr ices Cur r ent Pr ices
Figure 2.10
Value of Agr icult ur al Pr oduct ion
CALABARZON, 2003
AGRICULTURAL CROPS LIVESTOCK POULTRY FISHERY Total
22 22 22 22 22
c. Food Sufficiency
Levels
CALABARZON is a net importer of major
food and feed commodities, except carabeef.
Rice is among the commodities, which the
region imports at a relatively high quantity.
To meet the supply deficit for rice of almost a
million metric tons, it is estimated that more
than two million hectares of land to be devoted
to rice production alone.
The supply of grain commodities is
largely sourced from the neighboring Mindoro
provinces in the MIMAROPA region, Region III,
and Mindanao. Importation from outside the
country also been resorted regularly to meet
the chronic and irregular supply from domestic
sources.
Food supply for carabeef is exceptionally
high considering that per capita consumption
is relatively low due to taste preference and
that current laws restrict/regulate the killing
of carabao for meat purposes. On the other
hand, despite being as a major producer of
swine and chicken, including eggs, the region
is also deficit in supply for these food
commodities. This suggests that production is
unable to keep pace with an increasing
population, including a relatively high per
capita consumption and extraction rate for this
particular food commodity.
d. Feed Sufficiency
The regions swine and chicken industry
with an estimated total inventory of 18.88
million heads consumes a large amount of corn-
based feed to sustain and support commercial
production. In 2002, an estimated 630,872
metric tons of yellow corn was required to
meet industry demand. Local
production of corn however
can only supply less than 10
percent (or 57,882 metric
tons) of total feed
requirement. The balance or
90 percent represents the
unmet demand or supply
deficit of the industry.
Only Quezon meets the
yellow in corn feed demand
for its hog and poultry
industry. This is mainly
attributed to the provinces
relatively small poultry
population Overall, the region
is only 5 percent sufficient in
yellow corn. Utilized as feed
mainly for the hog and poultry
industry (Table 2.17).
Table 2.16
Sufficiency Levels of Major Food Commodities by Provi nce
CALABARZON, 2002
SOURCE of basic data: NSCB, BAS, FNRI, Soils/Land Resources Evaltn. Project -DA/BSWM
Note: * 2002 Inventory of livestock (beef, carabeef, pork and chicken) in heads; 2002 projected
total population for CALABARZON
** 2003 production of eggs in metric tons; 2003 projected total population for
CALABARZON
92 -5,179 61,269 56,090 56,090 Chicken Eggs
**
13 -66,576 76,556 9,979 17,325,415 Chicken *
28 -87,905 122,264 34,359 1,558,220 Pork *
1,483 13,003 940 13,944 116,198 Carabeef *
56 -7,601 17,117 9,516 211,476 Beef *
59 -139,719 338,577 198,858 310,715 Fish
12 -321,808 366,791 44,983 52,735 Vegetables
108 3,097 40,347 43,445 105,529 Rootcrops
95 -14,263 263,337 249,074 386,072 Fruits
11 -52,139 58,310 6,172 7,261 Corn/White
18 -828,938 1,006,701 177,763 377,513 Palay
Sufficiency
Levels (%)
Surplus /
Deficit (Mt)
Total Per
Capita
Consumption
/Demand (Mt)
Total Available
for
Consumption
(Mt)
Total
Production
Supply (Mt)
Commodity
92 -5,179 61,269 56,090 56,090 Chicken Eggs
**
13 -66,576 76,556 9,979 17,325,415 Chicken *
28 -87,905 122,264 34,359 1,558,220 Pork *
1,483 13,003 940 13,944 116,198 Carabeef *
56 -7,601 17,117 9,516 211,476 Beef *
59 -139,719 338,577 198,858 310,715 Fish
12 -321,808 366,791 44,983 52,735 Vegetables
108 3,097 40,347 43,445 105,529 Rootcrops
95 -14,263 263,337 249,074 386,072 Fruits
11 -52,139 58,310 6,172 7,261 Corn/White
18 -828,938 1,006,701 177,763 377,513 Palay
Sufficiency
Levels (%)
Surplus /
Deficit (Mt)
Total Per
Capita
Consumption
/Demand (Mt)
Total Available
for
Consumption
(Mt)
Total
Production
Supply (Mt)
Commodity
23 23 23 23 23
2.1.5 Agrarian Reform Areas
a. Land Acquisition and Distribution
Of the total targeted 8.06 million
hectares nationwide, DAR is to distribute 4.29
million hectares (53%) while DENR is to
distribute 3.77 million (47%). Of these, the two
agencies have distributed a total of 5.44
million hectares (57 percent).
DAR has distributed 3.102 million
hectares (72%) to some 1.735 million agrarian
beneficiaries. About 1.646 million hectares are
private agricultural lands. DENR has distributed
2.341 million hectares (62% of its scope) to
some 1.46 million agrarian beneficiaries. As
of December 2000, the
total remaining area for
distribution under the
Comprehensive Agrarian
Reform Program (CARP) is
2.62 million hectares. Out
of these total, DAR is to
distribute 1.19 million
hectares, while DENR is to
distribute 1.43 million
hectares.
Of the DAR target of 4.29 million
hectares, CALABARZONs share has to
distribute 160,660 hectares or 4 percent.
Quezon and Batangas have account for at 54
and 20 percent respectively; Rizal and Laguna,
at 12 and 9 percent respectively and Cavite
with the least share at 5 percent.
As of August 2004, 132,294 hectares or
82 percent has been distributed out of DARs
target of 160,660 hectares for the region. More
than three-fourths of the lands were
distributed in the provinces of Quezon (55%)
and Batangas (21%). The remaining balance of
30,111 hectares, half of which is in Quezon
province, is expected to be completed for
distribution by 2010 (Table 2.18).
Table 2.17
Yellow Corn Feed Commodity Sufficiency Levels
CALABARZON, 2002
SOURCE of basic data: NSCB, BAS, FNRI, Soils/Land Resources Evaltn. Project -DA/BSWM
948,645 4.52 -581,991 639,872 28,941 34,048 Hog and Poultry
218,609 17.75 -134,116 163,057 28,941 34,048 All Poultry
5,240 90.00 -3,215 32,155 28,941 34,048 Native/Improved
76,150 38.25 -46,718 75,658 28,941 34,048 Layer Inventory
42,873 52 -26,302 55,243 28,941 34,048 Broiler Inventory
730,035 6.07 -447,875 476,815 28,941 34,048 Hog Inventory
Estimated Land
Requirement for
Corn
Production
(has)
Current
Sufficiency
Levels (%)
Surplus / Deficit
(Mt)
Total Per Capita
Consumption /
Demand (Mt)
Total Available
Corn for
Consumption
(Mt)
2002Total Corn
Production
Supply (Mt)
Livestock /
Poultry
Commodity
948,645 4.52 -581,991 639,872 28,941 34,048 Hog and Poultry
218,609 17.75 -134,116 163,057 28,941 34,048 All Poultry
5,240 90.00 -3,215 32,155 28,941 34,048 Native/Improved
76,150 38.25 -46,718 75,658 28,941 34,048 Layer Inventory
42,873 52 -26,302 55,243 28,941 34,048 Broiler Inventory
730,035 6.07 -447,875 476,815 28,941 34,048 Hog Inventory
Estimated Land
Requirement for
Corn
Production
(has)
Current
Sufficiency
Levels (%)
Surplus / Deficit
(Mt)
Total Per Capita
Consumption /
Demand (Mt)
Total Available
Corn for
Consumption
(Mt)
2002Total Corn
Production
Supply (Mt)
Livestock /
Poultry
Commodity
Table 2.18
Land Acquisition and Distribution Targer by Year (In Has)
SOURCE: DAR IV-A
30,111 3,505 3,633 4,019 4,579 4,675 4,800 4,900 Total
5,348 772 969 969 969 969 300 400 Rizal
15,724 2,080 1,986 1,986 1,986 1,986 3,050 2,650 Quezon
2,504 504 600 600 800 Laguna
1,820 386 442 442 350 200 Cavite
4,715 653 678 678 678 678 500 850 Batangas
2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004
Total
Year
Province
30,111 3,505 3,633 4,019 4,579 4,675 4,800 4,900 Total
5,348 772 969 969 969 969 300 400 Rizal
15,724 2,080 1,986 1,986 1,986 1,986 3,050 2,650 Quezon
2,504 504 600 600 800 Laguna
1,820 386 442 442 350 200 Cavite
4,715 653 678 678 678 678 500 850 Batangas
2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004
Total
Year
Province
24 24 24 24 24
AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES
CALABARZON Region
2.11
25 25 25 25 25
b. Agrarian Reform
Communities (ARCs)
The Comprehensive Agrarian
Reform Program (CARP) prescribes
that package of support services
must be provided to agrarian
reform beneficiaries (ARBs) and
their communities. Due to limited
resources, the Agrarian Reform
Community (ARC) approach was
adopted as the geographical focus
for the delivery of support
services. Support services however,
have been invested in non-ARC areas
considering that most (ARBs) in the region are
outside the ARC coverage. ARCs were further
expanded to include ARBs in non-ARC areas.
In 1993, 105 ARCs were launched in all
provinces of the region, covering a total of 75
municipalities and 279 barangays. A significant
number of ARCs launched were mostly
concentrated in Quezon (Table 2.19 and Figure
2.11).
2.1.6 Mineral Resources
a. Metallic Minerals
Metallic mineral resources in the
CALABARZON region include gold, copper, iron,
nickel and manganese. These minerals can
be found in the provinces of Quezon, Batangas
and Rizal (Figure 2.12). Major non-metallic
minerals in the region include andesite, basalt,
limestone, rock aggregates, gravel and sand,
clay, silica sand and marble (Figure 2.13).
Mineral resources in the province of Cavite are
concentrated mostly in the coastal
municipalities. In Rizal, mineral resources
are concentrated in Antipolo, Rodriguez, and
Tanay. For Batangas, Laguna and Quezon,
mineral resources are spread throughout the
province.
b. Non-Metallic Minerals
In the Southern Tagalog Region, mining
and quarrying contributed an average of 0.05%
to the regional economy from 1990 to 2000.
From 1999 to 2000, 75% of Gross Value Added
in Mining and Quarrying came from the
CALABARZON region.
Significant production of non-metallic
minerals supports the construction industry.
Notable is the increasing production of
aggregates especially in Rizal, limestone in
the provinces of Quezon, Rizal and Batangas.
While the construction industry had generally
declined, there are still on-going projects
that demand quality construction materials,
i.e., aggregates. On the other hand, the
production of sand and gravel has been
decreasing. Below is the production data
for non-metallic minerals (See details at
Appendix Table No.1).
Table 2.19
Agrarian Reform Communities Launched
by Province
CALABARZON, 2004
SOURCE: DAR IV-A (Data as of August 2004)
279 75 105 Total
24 6 6 Rizal
144 34 54 Quezon
19 10 12 Laguna
39 11 11 Cavite
53 14 22 Batangas
Barangays
Covered
Municipalities
Covered
Total ARCs
Launched
Province
279 75 105 Total
24 6 6 Rizal
144 34 54 Quezon
19 10 12 Laguna
39 11 11 Cavite
53 14 22 Batangas
Barangays
Covered
Municipalities
Covered
Total ARCs
Launched
Province
26 26 26 26 26
2.12
27 27 27 27 27
2.13
28 28 28 28 28
c. Mining Permits Issues
The Department of Environment and
Natural Resources (DENR) issues mining permits
for areas covering five hectares and over, while
the PMRB issues mining permits for areas less
than five hectares. For the CALABARZON
region, the bulk of existing mining/quarrying
permits and mineral agreements issued by the
DENR for non-metallic minerals are in the
provinces of Rizal, Batangas and Quezon (Table
2.21). There are only about 20 permittees
granted rights to operate more than 100
hectares each of mineral land. Thirteen of
these permittees operate in Rizal, specifically
in Antipolo, Tanay, Baras, Rodriguez, and
Teresa. In Batangas, five permittees operate
in Calatagan, Taysan, Nasugbu and Batangas
City.
Meanwhile, mining permits for metallic
minerals in the provinces of Batangas (for
copper, gold and silver) and in the province of
Quezon (for copper) have expired in 2002. In
Buenavista, Quezon, an area consisting 4,332
hectares has been declared by the PMRB-
Quezon on February 10, 2004 as Peoples Small
Scale Mining Area under RA 7076. Applications
for permits by small-scale operators are
currently being processed. As of March 2004,
there are 247 mining tenements under process
by the DENR covering an area of 538,745
hectares.
2.1.7 Industrial Development Areas
The unique physical location and
configuration of the CALABARZON region
contributed to its establishment as one of the
Table 2.20
Selected Non-Metallic Minerals / Volume of Production
SOURCE: Summary of Non-Metallic Mineral Production, CY 1998-2002 MGB Region IV-A
22,356 28,434 10,650 24,313 41,111 (Cu. M.) Stones, Cobbles,
Boulders
30,299 11,085 5,966 5,731 25,523 (Cu. M.) Soil
32,540 77,997 M.T. SiliciousClay
26 111,272 6,996 50,757 M.T. Silica
96,242 297,264 75,070 9,294 M.T. Shale
352 25,680 218 4,945 4,355 (Cu.M.) Selected Barrow
126,540 938,802 827,171 1,179,810 1,413,580 (Cu.M.) Sand and Gravel
2,783,433 2,731,394 1,551,330 1,090,599 35,918 (Cu.M.) Limestone
86,940 107,897 85,090 159,41 155,266 (Cu.M.) Filling Materials
1,900 4,090 9,300 32,805 8,160 M.T. Cinder Black
28,937,030 13,328,787 16,050,503 8,016,050 Bags Cement
60,637 103,626 28,101 274 (Cu.M.) Cascajo
121,726 83 176,883 203,685 132,221 (Cu.M.) Blasted Rock
104,142 40,886 51,949 70,384 (Cu.M.) BaseCourse
842,854 1,579,683 210,178 425,388 (Cu.M.) Basalt
600 1,200 1,440 2,520 (Cu.M.) Ball Clay
3,869,005 1,259,932 855,438 2,023,719 1,515,280 (Cu.M.) Aggregates
2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 Unit
22,356 28,434 10,650 24,313 41,111 (Cu. M.) Stones, Cobbles,
Boulders
30,299 11,085 5,966 5,731 25,523 (Cu. M.) Soil
26 111,272 6,996 50,757 M.T. Silica
96,242 297,264 75,070 9,294 M.T. Shale
2,783,433 2,731,394 1,551,330 1,090,599 35,918 (Cu.M.) Limestone
1,900 4,090 9,300 32,805 8,160 M.T. Cinder Black
28,937,030 13,328,787 16,050,503 8,016,050 Bags Cement
60,637 103,626 28,101 274 (Cu.M.) Cascajo
121,726 83 176,883 203,685 132,221 (Cu.M.) Blasted Rock
104,142 40,886 51,949 70,384 (Cu.M.) BaseCourse
842,854 1,579,683 210,178 425,388 (Cu.M.) Basalt
600 1,200 1,440 2,520 (Cu.M.) Ball Clay
3,869,005 1,259,932 855,438 2,023,719 1,515,280 (Cu.M.) Aggregates
2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 Unit
29 29 29 29 29
Table 2.21
Existing Mineral Permitees by Province
CALABARZON, 2003
Source: DENR IV - Directory of Mines and Quarries, CY 2003
4
Red Clay
Gold
1
Filling Materials
Small Scale Mining
Permit
24
Basalt
16
Limestone
Filling Materials,
Basalt,
Andesite
Barrow
4
Andesite
Basalt
Cinder
8
Aggregates
Basalt
Andesite
Filling Materials
Lastillas
14
Boulders,
Basalt
Andesite
Quarry Permit
2
Gypsum, Clay
Placer Lease Contract
19
Basalt Diorite
Limestone
Shale, Silica,
Basalt, Gold,
Base Metal
Filling Materials,
Marbelized
Limestone
1
Marble
Basalt
Andesite
1
Basalt
Andesite
3
Limestone
Shale, Tuff
Silica, Andesite,
Aggregates
Mineral Production
Sharing Agreement
3
Silica,
Volcanic Shale
Andesite
3
Silica, Feldspar
Bull Quartz
3
Bentonite
Basalt
White Clay
4
Silica, Pyrite
Filling materials
Rock Phosphate
Silica Sand
Mining Lease Contract
9 Commercial Sand
and Gravel Permit
2 65 9 10 Industrial Sand and
Gravel Permit
Rizal Quezon Laguna Cavite Batangas Type of Permit
Number of Permits and Commodities
4
Red Clay
Gold
1
Filling Materials
Small Scale Mining
Permit
24
Basalt
16
Limestone
Filling Materials,
Basalt,
Andesite
Barrow
4
Andesite
Basalt
Cinder
8
Aggregates
Basalt
Andesite
Filling Materials
Lastillas
14
Boulders,
Basalt
Andesite
Quarry Permit
2
Gypsum, Clay
Placer Lease Contract
19
Basalt Diorite
Limestone
Shale, Silica,
Basalt, Gold,
Base Metal
Filling Materials,
Marbelized
Limestone
1
Marble
Basalt
Andesite
1
Basalt
Andesite
3
Limestone
Shale, Tuff
Silica, Andesite,
Aggregates
Mineral Production
Sharing Agreement
3
Silica,
Volcanic Shale
Andesite
3
Silica, Feldspar
Bull Quartz
3
Bentonite
Basalt
White Clay
4
Silica, Pyrite
Filling materials
Rock Phosphate
Silica Sand
Mining Lease Contract
9 Commercial Sand
and Gravel Permit
2 65 9 10 Industrial Sand and
Gravel Permit
Rizal Quezon Laguna Cavite Batangas Type of Permit
Number of Permits and Commodities
premier industrial centers in the Philippines.
The Master Plan Study on the Project
CALABARZON conducted by JICA affirms the
regions designation as comprising the
countrys industrial core, with Metro Manila
as the hub of industrial activities.
CALABARZONs proximity to the National
Capital Region gives the region comparative
access to the countrys largest market base in
terms of available skilled manpower
requirements, consumer demand, transport
access and other built-in physical factors.
These physical attributes positioned the
region as a major investment area and
consequently encouraged the development and
growth of industrial centers.
a. Industrial Center
In the CALABARZON region, a range of
industrial and manufacturing activities are
commonly found in specific contiguous areas
comprising of cities and municipalities. These
areas currently identified as the regions
industrial centers are the following: Rizal,
30 30 30 30 30
Cavite-Laguna and Carmona-Trece Martirez
areas, which are contiguous with Metro Manila;
Greater Batangas Industrial Center and Upland
Industrial Center composed of Sto. Tomas,
Tanauan, Canlubang, San Pablo and Lipa City.
The existence of major road networks
traversing the contiguous municipalities and
cities in the Cavite and Laguna area has further
encouraged the proliferation and
concentration of industry-related activities in
the industrial centers of these provinces. It
should be noted that most industrial estates
in these provinces are located along or near
these major roads, which have direct access
to the National Capital Region.
In the Cavite area, major arterial road
networks (Aguinaldo Highway and Governors
Drive) connect and provide access to the
provinces ten towns (Bacoor, Imus,
Dasmarias, Silang and Tagaytay City, and Trece
Martirez City, General Trias, Dasmarias,
General Mariano Alvarez and Carmona) with
Metro Manila and Laguna area (Bian) thru the
Laguna National Highway (Manila South Road)
and the South Luzon Expressway.
In the Laguna area, the portion of the
Laguna National Highway running along the
eastern lakeshore and east bay of the Laguna
de Bay provides access to the municipalities
south of the province towards Metro Manila
(from Calamba to San Pedro). About six towns
(San Pablo, Bian, Santa Rosa, Cabuyao,
Calamba and Los Baos) are served by this
road.
On the other hand, the existence of deep
coastal waters in Batangas and Balayan Bays
have encouraged port-oriented industries to
locate operations in the strategic coastal
stretch along the portion of Batangas City, San
Pascual, Mabini, Bauan and Calaca. This portion
is considered as the provinces major industrial
zone and currently hosts a number of medium
to heavy industries ranging from oil refineries,
shipbuilding, flour and feed milling,
warehousing and garment manufacturing.
The development and operation of
Batangas port provided the impetus for
industrial activities to intensify in terms of
trade and transport access for major industries
of the region. In fact, the total value of trade
passing Batangas port is the highest in the
countrys foreign trade output recording more
than 40% at US$26.2 billion in 2001. Value of
export and import trade volume is similarly
the highest at $16.2 and $ 9.9 billion
respectively, during the same year.
b. Ecozones
The passage of the Ecozone Act of 1995
opened the avenue for ecozones to proliferate
in the CALABARZON region. A significant
number of these ecozones located in the
regions industrial centers. Ecozones are
specialized industrial enclaves with highly
developed areas or those with potential for
industrial, tourist, recreational, commercial
and investment purposes
Except for the Cavite Export Processing
Zone (CEPZ), most CALABARZON ecozones
were established through private initiative (See
Appendix Table No. 2).
The bulk of ecozone activity is mostly
concentrated in Cavite, Laguna and Batangas,
indicating that these provinces are the prime
location for industrial operation (Table No.
2.22) Most ecozones in Cavite and Laguna hosts
31 31 31 31 31
light to medium industries ranging from semi-
conductors, electronics to car assembly.
Batangas ecozones meanwhile tend to host
medium to heavy industries such as petroleum
and oil refineries (Appendix Table No. 3).
From 19 industrial estates prior to the
declaration of the Ecozone Act of 1995, the total
proclaimed ecozones in the CALABARZON has
reached 64, which is more than a third (40%) of
the 161 currently proclaimed ecozones in the
country (Table 2.22). The 64 ecozones
(operating, proclaimed and development in
progress) occupy an aggregate industrial space
of 6,668.97 hectares representing 30% of the
national total hectarage allocated for ecozones.
Of the 64 proclaimed CALABARZON
ecozones, 26 were operating or 45 percent of
the national total. These CALABARZON
operating ecozones occupied 36 percent of
total national operating ecozone area of
5,694.62 has. These are mostly concentrated
in Batangas, Cavite and Laguna.
On the other hand, 25 ecozones with
available 3,671.82 hectares of factory sites are
under development indicating prospective
industrial area expansion in the coming years.
Of these, 63 percent are located in Batangas
and Cavite.
Overall, ecozones continue to grow in the
region in terms of numbers and area covered.
The 19 ecozones established by1993 increased
to 64 in 2003. This corresponds to an increase
of 9 percent in ecozone area (Table 2.23 and
Figure 2.14).
Table 2.22
Status of Ecozones
CALABARZON, 2003
SOURCE: PEZA
* As of March 14, 2003
104 6,668.97 64 Total
274 548.00 2 Quezon
176 352.60 2 Rizal
91 452.50 5 Laguna
102 1,019.34 10 Cavite
217 1,299.88 6 Batangas
147 3,672.32 in 25 Development Progress C.
27 26.68 1 Rizal
32 96.78 3 Laguna
96 481.64 5 Batangas
88 352.11 4 Cavite
74 957.21 13 Proclaimed B.
64 828.62 13 Laguna
83 578.44 7 Cavite
105 632.38 6 Batangas
78 2,039.44 26 Operating A.
Ha. / Eocozone
TOTAL AREA
(hectares)
No. of Ecozones Province / Ecozone
104 6,668.97 64 Total
274 548.00 2 Quezon
176 352.60 2 Rizal
91 452.50 5 Laguna
102 1,019.34 10 Cavite
217 1,299.88 6 Batangas
147 3,672.32 in 25 Development Progress C.
27 26.68 1 Rizal
32 96.78 3 Laguna
96 481.64 5 Batangas
88 352.11 4 Cavite
74 957.21 13 Proclaimed B.
64 828.62 13 Laguna
83 578.44 7 Cavite
105 632.38 6 Batangas
78 2,039.44 26 Operating A.
Ha. / Eocozone
TOTAL AREA
(hectares)
No. of Ecozones Province / Ecozone
32 32 32 32 32
2
.
1
4
33 33 33 33 33
At the provincial level, the development
of Batangas Port, which started in 1994 was
seen as a major contributing factor in the
emergence of ecozones in Batangas. Although
the Tabangao Special Ecozone was approved
for development in the 1980s, most of the
provinces ecozones were established and
operated in the 1990s.
On the other hand, the 2 percent
decrease in ecozone area in Laguna may be
attributed to ecozone locators consolidating
on export-based industries comprising mostly
of electronics and semi-conductors. Average
area of operating ecozones in Laguna is the
least compared to the other operating
ecozones in Batangas and Cavite.
ECOZONES INVESTMENTS
Manufacturing is the dominant industrial
activity in the ecozones. In 1997 alone, more
than P 47 billion pesos of investments were
devoted to new and expansion manufacturing
projects. Manufacturing industry is largely
concentrated in the production of electronics
and semiconductor products, which are the
leading export commodity of most export-
based ecozones in Laguna, Cavite and
Batangas. In fact, 86 percent (P40.9 billion
pesos) of manufacturing investments went to
the electronics/electrical machinery and
semiconductor commodities.
Among the ecozones, the Laguna Technopark,
Inc. contributes almost half (44 percent) of
the investments poured into the manufacture
of electronics and semiconductor
commodities.
In contrast, the manufacture and processing of
food commodities does not receive much
investment attention from locators in the
ecozones. The national government through the
BOI attached high preference for investment
on the food industry since this is intended to
provide the needed linkages to enhance the
development of upstream and downstream
industries such as primary agricultural
production and SMEs, among others.
Table 2.23
Growth Rate of Economic Zones
9.17 7.55 12.91 6,668.97 29 64 2,773.70 14 19 Total
- - - 548.00 2 2 0.00 0 0 Quezon
56.88 11.61 4.14 379.28 3 3 4.20 1 2 Rizal
- - - 2,413.90 9 17 0.00 0 0 Batangas
7.51 3.63 6.68 1,949.89 10 21 945.30 7 11 Cavite
-2.77 -1.81 13.35 1,377.90 5 21 1,824.20 6 6 Laguna
Total Area
(ha)
No. of Mun.
No. of
Ecozone
Total Area
(ha)
No. of Mun.
No. of
Ecozone
Total Area
(ha)
No. of Mun.
No. of
Ecozone
2003** 1993
%Change
Industrial Estates / Ecozones*
Province /
Municipality
9.17 7.55 12.91 6,668.97 29 64 2,773.70 14 19 Total
- - - 548.00 2 2 0.00 0 0 Quezon
56.88 11.61 4.14 379.28 3 3 4.20 1 2 Rizal
- - - 2,413.90 9 17 0.00 0 0 Batangas
7.51 3.63 6.68 1,949.89 10 21 945.30 7 11 Cavite
-2.77 -1.81 13.35 1,377.90 5 21 1,824.20 6 6 Laguna
Total Area
(ha)
No. of Mun.
No. of
Ecozone
Total Area
(ha)
No. of Mun.
No. of
Ecozone
Total Area
(ha)
No. of Mun.
No. of
Ecozone
2003** 1993
%Change
Industrial Estates / Ecozones*
Province /
Municipality
* Includes Private and Government -Owned Economic Zones, Information Technology Parks/buildings.
Ecozone expansion areas of less than 25 hectares are also included.
** List of approved, proclaimed ecozoneas as of 14 March 2003
SOURCE of Basic Data: PEZA, RPFP STR
34 34 34 34 34
In summary, ecozone investments continue to
provide sizeable share in the regions
investment, expanding from 28 percent in 1996
to 73 percent in 2000.
CONTRIBUTION OF ECOZONES TO EXPORT
OUTPUT
In the area of foreign trade, the regions role
in the attainment of the national export
target became prominent in 1996 when
export oriented ecozones began to operate
in the region. Prior to these the region
contributed measly average of 2 percent to
the countrys export output. Regional share
to total export output dramatically increased
from 11 percent in 1996 to 49 percent in
2000, which constitute almost half of the
national export.
The main bulk or 74 percent of the regions
export revenue of US$18 billion is contributed
by ecozone export industries. At the ecozone
level, Laguna Technopark is the top single
ecozone exporter generating a value of US$
4.6 billion in 2000. On the average ecozones
in CALABARZON contribute 78 percent of the
regions total export output during the period
1998-2002
EMPLOYMENT IN ECOZONES
From 1998-2000, CALABARZON ecozones
employed an average of 165,079 persons
representing 19 percent of the total
employment generated by the industry sector.
Employment generation continued to expand
in the ecozones with an average growth rate
of 11 percent annually from 1998-2002.
Locator firms, mostly manufacturing and
services-related, operating in the ecozones are
strong generators of employment opportunities
that attract migrant workers including their
families mostly from other provinces outside
the CALABARZON. The influx of migrant
population usually creates additional demands
for social basic services provided by the host
LGUs such as housing facilities.
2.1.8 Tourism
a. Tourism Areas
The CALABARZON is gifted with a diverse,
natural, historical, cultural and man-made
attractions as well as general and special
interest products attractive to domestic and
international tourist markets (Figures 2.15,
2.16 and 2.17).
The Philippine Tourism Master Plan
(PTMP) (1991-2010) identified tourism
development areas in the country, which can
serve as the focus of investments in tourism
estates, leisure and recreation complex and
other tourism related activities. Tagaytay/
Taal, Aplaya Laiya and Hacienda Looc located
in San Juan and Nasugbu, Batangas
respectively, have been selected as tourism
development areas for the CALABARZON region
in the PTMP.
Tourism development in Tagaytay
includes the zoning by the Tagaytay City
government of the tourism-strip along the
Tagaytay ridge for urban-tourism with
restaurants, entertainment and recreational
facilities. High-cost, week-end housing
projects suited for rest and relaxation have
been increasing in the area. High-end resort
estates have proliferated in Tagaytay City and
its adjacent highland towns with similar view
of the Taal Lake and Volcano. The tourism area
has been made more accessible with the
completion of the Tagaytay-Sta. Rosa Road to
complement the Tagaytay-Alfonso-Batangas
Road and Gen. Aguinaldo Highway.
35 35 35 35 35
2.15
36 36 36 36 36
2.16
37 37 37 37 37
2.17
38 38 38 38 38
For the Aplaya Laiya, the Department of
Tourism has an on-going project for the
formulation of a tourism master plan. Beach
resorts exist in the area, its access road, the
San Juan-Lobo road is nearly completed. For
the Hacienda Looc, which covers 1,378
hectares, its conversion from agricultural to
tourism area is on-going.
The Regional Tourism Master Plan for
Southern Tagalog formulated in 1997 has
identified the following sites as tourism priority
development areas. The centerpiece
attraction of the CALABARZON region, the Taal
Lake and Volcano is found in Batangas. The
Taal Volcano is said to be the smallest volcano
in the world. The coastline from Nasugbu to
Calatagan is a favorite of water sport
enthusiasts. It is generally used for swimming,
boating, yachting, fishing and skin-diving.
National shrines and landmarks also abound in
the province being home and birthplace of the
countrys nationalist.
The tourism center of Cavite is Tagaytay
City, which is known as the town on the
ridge. The ridge is the viewing area of the
Taal Lake and Volcano. Tagaytay is also
considered the second summer capital of the
country because of its crisp and cool climate.
Cavite also boasts of leisure estates and golf
courses. The Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo Shrine
and other historical landmarks are present in
the province.
Laguna is known as the resort province
of the Philippines with its bodies of water such
as hot springs, lakes and waterfalls. The
Pagsanjan Falls, Lake Caliraya and the
innumerable hot springs that abound in the
province are the favorite of tourists.
In the province of Quezon, tourist flock
to Mount Banahaw, a 7,382-foot extinct
volcano famous for its mystical attributes. The
beach of Sariaya abounds with resorts for
domestic tourists. A yearly attraction in the
province is the celebration of the Pahiyas, a
traditional thanksgiving for a bountiful harvest
celebrated in several towns.
In Rizal province, The Shrine of Our Lady
of Antipolo draws thousand of Filipino travelers
to pay homage to Our Lady of Peace and Good
Voyage. Along the way to the Shrine is the
Sumulong Highway where the overlooking view
of Metro Manila can be seen while enjoying
the facilities offered by food establishments
operating in the area. The province is also
known for the Hinulugang Taktak and Daranak/
Batlag Falls.
b. Foreign and Domestic Tourist Travel
Movements
Table 2.24 shows the over-all distribution
of foreign visitors and domestic tourist travel
movements to the various areas of the
Philippines. The data confirmed the dominance
of Southern Tagalog as a tourist destination.
Moreover, there may be underestimation of
travel movement statistics from the NCR to
the region. Many tour options situated
especially in the CALABARZON region can be
accessed in less than half a day with visitors
undertaking short trips to the region but stay
in NCR for the night. The proximity of the
region to Metro Manila, the high level of
infrastructure development and the existence
of a wide range of accommodation and tourism
oriented establishment are factors that attract
trips to the Region.
39 39 39 39 39
Table 2.24
Foreign and Domestic Tourist Travel Movements by Region (In Thousands)
597 ARMM
277 280 252 250 XIII
425 317 203 208 111 117 XII
540 638 560 553 202 274 XI
550 506 546 581 329 296 X
200 233 243 260 164 122 IX
175 175 135 130 85 93 VIII
1,063 1,013 1,005 1,212 486 350 VII
836 629 570 261 257 218 VI
389 367 356 266 116 151 V
4,065 4,483 3,146 387 133 260 IV
350 262 234 481 61 53 III
582 545 443 284 161 44 II
355 344 289 512 166 307 I
4,068 2,164 1,328 NCR
1,278 1,240 1,139 752 259 CAR
2002 2001 2000 1997 1993 1990 Region
597 ARMM
277 280 252 250 XIII
425 317 203 208 111 117 XII
540 638 560 553 202 274 XI
550 506 546 581 329 296 X
200 233 243 260 164 122 IX
175 175 135 130 85 93 VIII
1,063 1,013 1,005 1,212 486 350 VII
836 629 570 261 257 218 VI
389 367 356 266 116 151 V
4,065 4,483 3,146 387 133 260 IV
350 262 234 481 61 53 III
582 545 443 284 161 44 II
355 344 289 512 166 307 I
4,068 2,164 1,328 NCR
1,278 1,240 1,139 752 259 CAR
2002 2001 2000 1997 1993 1990 Region
SOURCE of Basic Data: Study on Regional Travel in the Philippines
Table 2.25 shows the number of
travelers to the region on a per province basis
for the period 2000 to 2002. Of the total
travelers that visited the CALABARZON region,
45 percent visited Cavite while 30 percent
visited Laguna. It is surprising to note that
the statistics shows only 2.5 percent visited
Batangas for the period 2000-2002. On the
average the CALABARZON region contributed
93 percent of travelers to Region IV from
2000-2002. Report from DOT reveals that
seven out of the 14 most visited places in the
Luzon, seven are found in Region IV, five of
which are in the CALABARZON region namely:
Pagsanjan, Los Baos, Ternate, Tagaytay and
Batangas.
Tourism activities play a major
role in the development of an area.
It has far reaching relationship with
other sectors such as manufacturing,
environment, agriculture and
infrastructure. Tourism contribution
to the economy comes in the form of
investment in tourism facilities and
travelers expenditure on
accommodation, food and beverage,
sightseeing, entertainment, local
transport, shopping, and other
personal services.
Table 2.25
Distribution of Travelers by Province
CALABARZON, 2000-2001 (In Thousands)
SOURCE: Department of Tourism Regional Office IV
11,694 4,065 4,483 3,146 TOTAL STR
770 339 230 201 MIMAROPA
10,924 3,726 4,253 2,945 CALABARZON
33 26 7 Rizal
2,340 327 246 1,767 Quezon
3,295 1,208 2,027 60 Laguna
4,983 2,022 1,890 1,071 Cavite
273 169 64 40 Batangas
Total 2002 2001 2000 Province
11,694 4,065 4,483 3,146 TOTAL STR
770 339 230 201 MIMAROPA
10,924 3,726 4,253 2,945 CALABARZON
33 26 7 Rizal
2,340 327 246 1,767 Quezon
3,295 1,208 2,027 60 Laguna
4,983 2,022 1,890 1,071 Cavite
273 169 64 40 Batangas
Total 2002 2001 2000 Province
40 40 40 40 40
2.2 Protection Land Use
Protection land use highlights the need for the
conservation, rehabilitation and sustained
development of the regions environment and natural
resources. It specifically aims to delineate areas
belonging to the National Integrated Protected Areas
System (NIPAS) and other critical ecosystems and
thus regulate their use and preserve their integrity.
It also identifies environmentally constrained areas
to safeguard the populace from environmental
hazards and other activities detrimental to
productivity, heritage, and quality of life.
2.2.1 National Integrated Protected Areas
System (NIPAS)
The NIPAS as provided under RA No. 7586
otherwise known as NIPAS Act of 1992 refers to the
classification and administration of identified
portions of land and water delineated by reason of
their physical and biological significance for the
adequate conservation of plant, animal and their
habitat from being altered by human exploitation.
These areas are referred to as protected areas.
The categories of protected areas (PA) under
NIPAS are: 1) Strict nature reserve; 2) Natural park;
3) Natural monument; 4) Wildlife sanctuary; 5)
Protected landscape and seascape; 6) Resource
reserve; 7) Natural biotic area; 8) Other categories
established by law, conventions or international
agreements, which the Philippine government is a
signatory.
In the CALABARZON Region, 30 sites have been
designated as protected areas. Nineteen are
identified as initial components and 11 are additional
sites. As of date, 6 sites have already been
proclaimed PA under NIPAS; 5 from the initial
component and one (1) from additional sites. These
sites are all under the category of Protected
Landscape (Figure 2.18).
a. NIPAS Initial Components
All areas or islands in the Philippines
proclaimed, designated or set aside, pursuant
to a law, presidential decree, presidential
proclamation or executive order as national
park, game refuge, bird and wildlife sanctuary,
wilderness area, strict nature reserve,
watershed, mangrove reserve, fish sanctuary,
natural and historical landmark, protected and
managed landscape/seascape as well as
identified virgin forests before the effectivity
of RA 7586 are hereby designated as initial
components of the System. The initial
components of the System shall be governed
by existing laws, rules and regulations, not
inconsistent with the System.
TAAL VOLCANO PROTECTED
LANDSCAPE
Taal Volcano Island was proclaimed PA under
NIPAS by virtue of Presidential Proclamation
No. 923 dated Nov. 19, 1996. This PA strides
the Municipalities of Talisay, Malvar, Tanauan,
Mataas na Kahoy, Laurel, Agoncillo, Sta.
Teresita. Cuenca, Alitagtag, Lipa City, Balete
and San Nicolas, Province of Batangas and
Tagaytay City. It is approximately 62,292
hectares.
The Island has a wide range of natural and
scenic spots that have high potential for
scientific research and eco-tourism. Generally,
the area is predominantly agricultural with
crops like sugarcane, coconut, citrus, banana,
upland rice and corn. The water body and its
environs are home to many species of flora
and fauna. This includes phytoplankton, ferns,
flowering plants, cogon, talahib, rotifiers,
talisay, fishes, reptiles, mollusks, sponge,
cladocerans and many others. The main crater
lake of the volcano island is four (4) meters
41 41 41 41 41
2
.
1
8
42 42 42 42 42
above sea level making the island as one of
the lowest active volcanoes in the world.
However, although declared PA, Taal Volcano
Island still faces problems of encroachment,
improper solid waste management and loss of
biodiversity.
MTS. BANAHAW-SAN CRISTOBAL
PROTECTED LANDSCAPE
Mts. Banahaw-San Cristobal was proclaimed PA
by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 411
dated June 25, 2003. It has an area of around
10,900 hectares and encompasses the
municipalities of Dolores, Candelaria, Sariaya,
Tayabas and Lucban in the Province of Quezon
and the municipalities of Majayjay, Liliw,
Nagcarlan, Rizal and City of San Pablo in the
Province of Laguna. Its boundaries are planted
with agricultural crops, patches of brushes and
shrublands, some areas have been occupied
by squatters especially in Dolores, Quezon.
The vegetation studies in the area revealed
that there are 358 species of trees, 19 species
of vines, 15 species of palms, 39 species of
ferns, 15 species of grasses and 42 species of
fungi. Five (5) of these were categorized as
rare namely: pangnan, lansones-bundok,
kalamansanai, tabu and taluto. A total of 56
species were categorized as endemic or with
limited range of distribution in the Philippines.
The area is also noted for its medicinal plants.
It is frequented by herbularios who get the
leaves, bark, roots, fruits and seeds of plants
with medicinal properties. The local people
claim that about 80% of the plants thriving in
the area have medicinal values and could heal
several illnesses.
The study of wildlife, on the other hand,
revealed that there are 226 species of birds,
62 species of mammals, 38 species of reptiles,
43 species of amphibians and 188 species of
insects. Many of these are endemic to the
place and some are considered rare and
endangered.
This PA is primarily used as a watershed. It
sustains water for the creeks, rivers and falls
draining to Laguna de Bay and Tayabas Bay. It
supports the Botocan Hydroelectric Power
Plant situated in Majayjay and Luisiana,
Laguna. Seven rivers namely: Balayong,
Maimpis, Liliw, Dalatiwan, Malinao, Nagcarlan
and San Diego directly provide water for
domestic, irrigation and recreational
purposes. There are rivers and falls within
this PA, which are believed to have medicinal
value. The Kinabuhayan River, Sta. Lucia,
Suplina, Kristalino Falls all found in Dolores,
Quezon and Talong Ambon at the crater of
Mt. Banahaw are visited by devotees and
pilgrims especially during Holy Week. These
devotees/tourists take a dip/shower on these
rivers and falls with the belief that their
illnesses will be cured.
Another special feature of this PA is the Taytay
Falls located in Majayjay, Laguna. This falls
is famous for its beautiful landscape and
source of crystal clear water.
The Mts. Banahaw-San Cristobal Protected
Landscape is being subjected to degradation
as pilgrims cut small trees, branches, palms
and bamboos and leave significant amount of
garbage. The PA is also threatened by
encroachment, illegal activities such as
treasure hunting and gathering of wildlife
species. Problems in peace and order are also
prevalent. The local government and national
government agencies have conflicting policies
on collection of users fee and the waste
disposal system.
43 43 43 43 43
Mt. Banahaw-San Cristobal Protected
Landscape is a multi-managed national park.
The stakeholders who share in the
management, protection and conservation of
the PA are DENR, NAPOCOR, SLPC, PAMB, NGOs,
POs, Religious Sects and the 9 municipalities
and 1 city of the provinces of Laguna and
Quezon.
QUEZON PROTECTED LANDSCAPE
Quezon Protected Landscape was proclaimed
PA by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No.
594 dated June 2, 2003. It has an area of about
983 hectares and covers the Municipalities of
Pagbilao, Padre Burgos and Atimonan, all in
the Province of Quezon.
This PA is the only remaining old growth forest
in the southeastern part of Quezon. It is a
rich repository of flora and fauna because of
its multi-layered old growth forest dominated
by endemic species. The flora species
commonly found in the area includes
dipterocarpus, parashorea and pentacme.
Non-dipterocarp species, which are equally
abundant, are ficus, diospyrus, syziglum and
aylain. Calamus species are also found to occur
in large number. Few patches of Imperata
Cylindrica and Saccharum spontaneum are
particularly found along boundaries where
human activities are prominent. Wildlife
species that move freely through the three-
story canopies of the PA include several groups
of monkeys, birds, lizards, snakes and insects.
Bird species such as rufous hornbill, rufous
concae, forest kingfisher, spotted wood
kingfisher and Luzon little crow are also found
in the area. It is also home for endangered
species such as Philippine macaque, wild rat
and Philippine deer.
Quezon Protected Landscape is traversed by
Maharlika Highway going to Bicol and the
Visayas Region. As such, it serves as a show
window for educating people on the value of
forest and environmental conservation. It has
a famous site for mountain climbing called the
Pinagbanderahan site. It also has a rest area
near a lagoon where commuters can dine and
refresh.
The PA is threatened by encroachment, illegal
logging, illegal treasure hunting and peace and
order problems.
BUENAVISTA PROTECTED LANDSCAPE
Buenavista Protected Landscape was formerly
categorized as a Watershed Forest Reserve.
This PA was reclassified as Protected Landscape
pursuant to the provisions of NIPAS and by
virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 294
dated April 23, 2000. It is located in Bgy.
Buenavista, Mulanay, Quezon with an area of
about 284 hectares.
Some of the valuable forestry species found in
the area are duguan, bolong-eta, toog, balobo,
malaikmo, taluto, kalumpit, amugis, and
malapapaya. The monitor lizard, wild cat,
tariktic hornbill, grass owl and wild dove are
found in the area. Its mountain ecosystem can
be developed for hiking/trekking activities. It
has a natural spring, which supplies potable
water to the nearby community.
MAULAWIN SPRING PROTECTED LANDSCAPE
This PA was formerly categorized as a
Watershed Forest Reserve and was reclassified
as Protected Landscape pursuant to the
provisions of NIPAS and by virtue of Presidential
Proclamation No. 295 dated April 23, 2000. It
is located in Bgy. Magsaysay, San Pedro I and
Himbubulo West in the Municipality of
44 44 44 44 44
Guinayangan, Quezon with approximately an
area of 149 hectares.
Maulawin has a spring that yields water all year
round. It is the only source of drinking water
for the residents in the Poblacion. The area
still possesses ecological values and distinct
features although it is generally denuded due
to human pressures.
MTS. PALAY-PALAY/MATAAS NA GULOD
NATIONAL PARK
This PA was declared as National Park on
October 26, 1976 and the same was considered
as NIPAS Initial Component under RA 7586 of
1992. It is approximately 4,000 hectares and
is located within the Municipalites of
Maragondon and Ternate in the Province of
Cavite and Nasugbu in Batangas.
The existing vegetation in the area is
considered second growth forest of molave-
dipterocarp type. The premium species that
can be found are akle, molave and kalingag,
which are known for its medicinal
characteristic, specifically as a cure for
stomach trouble. Other tree species common
in the Park are kamagong, white lauan, red
lauan, guijo and pili.
In 1995, the Professional Environmental
Management Company (PEMC) conducted study
on the floral and faunal species in the area.
There were 123 species of wildlife identified
in the area: 76 species of birds, 21 species of
reptiles, 16 species of mammals and 10 species
of amphibians 31% of which are endangered.
The endangered species found here are the
Philippine Falcon, Blue Nape Parrot or Loro,
Rufous Hornbill or Kalaw and Philippine
Woodland Frog. Other wildlife species found
in the area are monkey, wild pig, phyton,
cobra, alamid, monitor lizards, wild chicken
and several avifaunal species like bato-bato
hawk, green parrot, tarikitik, bat, owl,
kingfisher, quail and maya among others.
This National Park can be a potential eco-
tourism area. It has three (3) major peaks:
Mts. Palay-palay, Mt. Mataas na Gulod and Mt.
Pico de Loro. The latter is the most impressive
to the mountain trekkers for it has the highest
peak at 648 meters above sea level. At
present, the Park is being utilized for
picnicking, nature tripping and camping.
Encroachment and boundary conflict are
problems, which delay development of this
protected landscape.
ALIBIJABAN WILDERNESS AREA
This area was declared Wilderness Area in
December 29, 1981 and is now one of the
Initial Components of NIPAS. It is located within
the coastal waters of San Andres, Quezon with
an approximate land area of 430 hectares. The
area is rich in flora and fauna. The seaward
portion of the timberland area is white sand.
Its coral reef is in good to excellent condition,
which is a potential snorkeling and scuba diving
site. Endangered avian species like tabon birds
can be found here.
Alibijaban is currently threatened by illegal
mangrove gatherers.
ALABAT WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE
This PA was declared as such last September
18, 1987. The procedure on its reclassification,
in accordance with NIPAS Act of 1992 is being
undertaken. The site is located within the
Municipality of Alabat, Quezon and has an area
of around 688 hectares. The area is classified
45 45 45 45 45
as tropical rainforest and covered with
Philippine dipterocarp species and other
forestry species. Timber species, rattan and
bamboo are predominant in the area. The PA
is also the main source of domestic and
irrigation water of the municipality.
BINAHAAN WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE
This PA is situated in the Pagbilao-Mauban, area
in the Province of Quezon. It has an
approximate area of 465 hectares. This area
was proclaimed PA in May 29, 1991 and is being
considered for proclamation under the NIPAS
of 1992. The area is endowed with various
natural wealth such as timber, non-timber,
flora and fauna species. There are beautiful
waterfalls for recreational activities where
tourists can enjoy trekking, bird watching and
swimming.
CALAUAG WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE
This PA is located at Barangay Yaganak,
Calauag, Quezon covering an area of about 328
hectares. This was proclaimed a protected
area in February 1, 1939 and is being
considered to protect the various species of
flora and fauna under the NIPAS of 1992. A
boundary conflict among covered areas is yet
to be settled.
LOPEZ WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE
This PA was proclaimed as such in June 22,
1940. It is located along the municipalities of
Lopez, Calauag and Guinayangan, Quezon and
covers an area of around 418 hectares. The
PA is being considered under the NIPAS Initial
components for its secondary growth forest,
which is ideal for bio-diversity conservation.
Almost half of the area is being occupied and
tilled for agro-forestry production.
MULANAY WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE
This PA is located at Bgy. Cawayan II, San
Francisco, Quezon (formerly Bgy. Taingon,
Mulanay, Quezon). It was proclaimed PA on July
28, 1934 with an approximate area of 26
hectares. The area has endemic flora and
fauna, beautiful springs and old growth
vegetation ideal for picnic and other
recreational activities. Tourist can enjoy
trekking and bathing in cold spring and bird
watching in the forest. Cawayan creek and
gullies drain the watershed, which flow to
adjacent farmlands and eventually flow toward
Tayabas Bay. Potable water from springs can
be obtained for domestic use.
MARIKINA WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE
This PA is situated in the northeastern part of
Rizal province within the Municipalities of
Rodriguez, Antipolo, Baras, San Mateo and
Tanay. It is approximately 16,557 hectares and
was proclaimed PA last January 29, 1986. The
area is originally of mountain forests and
tropical rainforest composed mainly of
dipterocarp species. The watershed is
originally intended for the water requirements
of the province and Metro Manila. Presently,
the portion of the watershed is inhabited by
squatters and is in a state of degradation and
denudation due to unabated logging, slash and
burn kaingin system and source of charcoal for
livelihood purposes. Several overlapping
proclamations are another problem that is yet
to be solved.
KALIWA RIVER WATERSHED FOREST
RESERVE
This PA is located in the upland areas of Tanay
and Antipolo, Rizal. It is approximately 26,000
hectares and was proclaimed PA on June 26,
46 46 46 46 46
1969. Efforts for its proclamation under the
NIPAS of 1992 are being undertaken.
This watershed is being considered by the
Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System
(MWSS) as an alternative source of potable
water for Rizal Province and Metro Manila.
Some portions of the watershed are presently
planted with rice, annual cultivated crops and
perennial crop. Other areas are being used as
pasture land. The settlers in the watershed
include not only the IPs called Dumagats and
Remontados but also lowland dwellers.
Timber poaching, influx of migrants,
overlapping proclamations and boundary issues
are problems concerning Kaliwa River
development.
UNNAMED NATIONAL PARK, GAME
PRESERVE AND WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
The area was proclaimed PA on April 18, 1977
and again understudied for proclamation under
the NIPAS. This PA has an area of around
146,000 hectares and is located along the
provinces of Quezon, Rizal, Laguna and
Bulacan.
INFANTA WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE
The area is located in Infanta, Quezon and was
declared PA on February 13, 1967. It is
approximately 384 hectares. It is also being
considered under the NIPAS of 1992.
POLILLO WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE
This PA, which is around 130 hectares, is
located in Polillo, Quezon. It was proclaimed
PA on August 9, 1966 and is being considered
for NIPAS.
TIBIANG-DOMAGONDONG WATERSHED
FOREST RESERVE
This was proclaimed PA on July 20, 1938. It
has an area of around 280 hectares and is
located in Guinayangan, Quezon. The area is
understudy to be included in the NIPAS although
residents/occupants disagree to be under
NIPAS.
HINILUGANG TAKTAK NATIONAL PARK
The PA is around 3 hectares and is now
operating as a resort. It is located in Antipolo
City, Province of Rizal. Currently, this National
Park is faced with waste management
problems.
ADDITIONAL SITES
These are sites, which has unique physical and
biological features that need to be preserved
and protected. CALABARZON has 11 additional
sites proposed for inclusion under the NIPAS.
One of these additional sites has already been
proclaimed while initial steps towards the
proclamation of the other 10 additional sites
are being undertaken.
Pamitinan Protected Landscape
This was proclaimed PA under NIPAS by virtue
of Proclamation No. 901 dated October 10,
1996. This is located in the eastern portion of
Rodriguez (Montalban), Rizal covering an area
of 608 hectares. The area is generally utilized
for mango and other fruit trees plantation, rice
production and grazing in some cogonal areas.
The various species of endemic flora and fauna
are decreasing due to quarrying. The area can
be developed as camping site, rock climbing
and viewing nature landscape.

47 47 47 47 47
The area is considered as a National Heritage
because of its historical significance. The
Pamitinan Cave used to be the rendezvous of
the Katipunan Supremo Andres Bonifacio and
his members during the Spanish era.
Minasawa Island Game Refuge
and Bird Sanctuary
The PA is located in Brgy. Poblacion, Burdeos,
Quezon with an approximate area of 4
hectares. It was declared as PA on September
15, 1964. It is also being established under the
NIPAS of 1992 because of the presence of
unique geological features like coral reefs,
white beach, marine area and the presence of
notable wildlife species and native flora.
Minasawa is threatened by illegal activities
such as fishing, quarrying, collection of flora
and fauna and hunting.
Maricaban Strait and Adjacent Waters
of Balsuran and Batangas Bays
The area has been proclaimed PA on Nov. 10,
1978 and the same is being subjected for
review under the NIPAS of 1992.
Mt. Lobo
The area is being studied under the NIPAS.
Umiray River Watershed Forest
Reserve
The PA is located in General Nakar, Quezon and
was proclaimed in September 28, 1903. It is
approximately 16,723 hectares and is being
considered under NIPAS of 1992. This
watershed is the main source of Maynilad and
Manila Water serving mostly Metro Manila
customers and part of neighboring Cavite
Province. It is also the source of irrigation
water in some areas in Central Luzon. There is
a need to study the possibility of charging raw
cost of water being extracted from this
watershed. Peace and order and accessibility
are the major problems being experienced in
the area.
Panukulan Watershed Forest Reserve
The PA is located in Polillo Island, Quezon. It is
around 179 hectares and is being proposed
under NIPAS of 1992.
Kanan River Watershed Forest
Reserve
This area, which is approximately 36,331
hectares, is located in Infanta and General
Nakar, Quezon. It is also being considered under
NIPAS of 1992.
Ragay Gulf
The gulf has an area of about 36,712 hectares
encompasses the municipalities of
Tagkawayan, Guinayangan and Buenavista in
the Province of Quezon. Efforts for its inclusion
under the NIPAS of 1992 are being undertaken.
Mapanghi Cave
The cave is located in Burdeos, Quezon. Efforts
for its inclusion under the NIPAS of 1992 are
being undertaken.
Sumuot Cave
The cave is located in Burdeos, Quezon. Efforts
for its inclusion under the NIPAS of 1992 are
being undertaken.
48 48 48 48 48
Masungi Rock
The area is located in Tanay, Rizal. It is around
641 hectares. Efforts for its inclusion under
the NIPAS of 1992 are being undertaken.
2.2.2 Non-NIPAS
Non-NI PAS areas are those that have
outstanding physical and aesthetic features,
anthropological significance, and biological
diversity but not yet included under the NIPAS.
These areas require protection because NIPAS
components are accorded protection status. These
non-NIPAS areas include the following: coastal and
freshwater wetlands; second growth forests
reserved for protection purposes as defined under
the Master Plan for Forestry Development;
easements along waterways and shorelines;
important bird areas; and ecotourism sites.
a. Wetlands
Wetlands are areas of marsh, fen,
peatland or water, whether natural or
artificial, permanent or temporary, with
water that is static or flowing, fresh,
brackish or salty, including marine areas
where water depth during low tide does not
exceed six meters. Wetlands are important
for water storage, fishery and agricultural
production, preservation of wildlife habitats
and maintenance of water tables. They also
contribute to shoreline stabilization, water
puri fi cati on and reducti on of natural
hazards such as floods. There are two
major categories of natural wetlands:
coastal and freshwater. There are also
artificial wetlands but these are not covered
in this framework.
There are three wetlands in the
CALABARZON Region. These are all located in
the province of Quezon.
The wetland in Brgy. Angeles, Alabat
Quezon is within the A and D land under Project
No. 18, Blk. IV, LC Map certified on Nov. 17,
1924. Portion of it falls within the titled
property. It is approximately 2.4 hectares. It
is accessible by any kind of vehicle. At present,
the area serves as habitat of various flora and
fauna. It can be an ideal site for research since
it is a diverse ecosystem, which serves as the
breeding and feeding ground of various species.
Small volume of water in the area flows to the
adjacent unirrigated rice field but is not used
for irrigation purposes. Residents of the
Barangay and adjacent communities go to the
area to catch fish and hunt birds including their
eggs and other animals for food.
The other wetland called the Acha Reef
is located in Ragay Gulf, Tagkawayan, Quezon.
It covers an area of 500 hectares. The marine
resources found within the area are living
corals that serve as habitat for different marine
animals, which includes fishes, crustaceans,
sea snakes, sea turtles and many others. These
coral reefs also serve as breeding, feeding and
playground of said marine animals. The area
is ideal for marine research due to its distinct
corals and different marine animals that use
it as their habitat.
The third wetland is located in the
Municipality of Buenavista, Quezon covering
barangays Mabutag, Cawa and Cabong. This
wetland is approximately 220 hectares.
All the three wetlands are in critical
state. Illegal fishing and destructive fishing are
rampant in these areas causing the degradation
and destruction of the niche/corals and loss
of various marine species in the area. Despite
the local interventions, violators continue to
do their illegal activities. This is mainly due
to slow, weak and inactive prosecution and
judicial proceeding/litigation.
49 49 49 49 49
b. Other Critical Basins
There are four (4) water basins needing
environmental management in Region IV-A.
These are the Laguna de Bay, Taal Lake,
Balayan and Adjacent Bays and Manila Bay.
LAGUNA DE BAY
Laguna de Bay is the largest freshwater lake
in Southeast Asia. It is approximately 90,000
hectares with a 220-kilometer shoreline. Its
watershed area covers 382,000 hectares. The
Lake is being utilized for fishing, fish
production in fish pens/cages and mussel
farming. It is also used as source of irrigation
water during the dry season, source of water
supply of lake towns and a transporting route
of goods from Manila to industrial firms
around the Lake. It encompasses the upland
areas of Marikina and Rizal and the lowland
municipalities of Laguna.
The Lake also supplies water to support to
vital industrial operation like heating and
cooling and serves as the final sink of polluted
domestic. It is currently in a state of
degradation, which requires a multi-approach
system of planning and implementation of
development projects.
To address some of the policy gaps, associated
issues, and to determine the best use of the
lake, the LLDA has formulated the Laguna de
Bay Region Master Plan and the Zone
Management Plan (ZOMAP).
TAAL LAKE
Taal Lake is of vital importance for
conservation because it is a potential
supplemental resource from which to draw
treatable water in the future for domestic use
and a tourist destination as well. This Lake
has a total area of 26,318 hectares with
1,289.32 hectares designated as fish
sanctuary. It has a shoreline perimeter of 88
square kilometers and a maximum and
average depth of 198 and 60 meters,
respectively. The Lake is primarily used as a
source of livelihood of almost 20,000
sustenance fishermen living within the basin.
Presently, however, the supply of tawilis and
maliputo, which is endemic to Taal Lake, has
become scarce due to application of improper
fishing method. Likewise, contributory to it
are the wastes and polluted water being
discharged by the big piggery industries
nearby and the non-scientific mining
operations going on in the area, which slowly
poison and disrupt the aquatic life cycle of
the marine habitat.
BALAYAN AND ADJACENT BAYS
Balayan and the Adjacent Bays Region in
Batangas Province is composed of 12
municipalities, namely: Nasugbu, Lian,
Calatagan, Balayan, Tuy, Calaca, Lemery, Taal,
San Luis, Bauan, Mabini and Tingloy. It boasts
of rich and attractive coral reefs. In Mabini
and Tingloy waters, the 2003 survey (Fenner)
showed that 25 coral species found in the area
are new reports to Philippine coral literature,
which are either not earlier reported and/or
possibly even new species for the area.
There are at least 319 coral species in the
area, of which eight are considered rare; 32
mangrove and associated species, nine
seagrass species and 262 fish species. The
presence of charismatic species like the
spinner dolphins, marine turtles and sperm
whales indicate the bio-richness of Balayan
and the Adjacent Bays. Owing to its rich coral
reefs, beautiful scenery, relatively clean
marine water, rich cultural and religious
50 50 50 50 50
attractions and proximity to Metro Manila,
tourism is a growing industry in the area.
These habitat resources are, however, under
threat. The spillover of CALABARZON or the
industrialization of the Region poses long-term
threats to the Bays marine resources. Oil spills
and other discharges have been reported to
occur due to ships passing through Balayan and
Adjacent Bays. With the steady increase in
population, the settlements along the coasts
are likewise growing. Unregulated settlements
contribute to pollution going directly to the
Bays. In adjacent Batangas Bay, an
international shipping port has been developed
and several heavy industries dot the coastline.
Many of these are pollutive industries that
discharges chemical and oil wastes and find
their way into Balayan and Adjacent Bays.
MANILA BAY
The Bay is one of the best natural harbors in
the world. It has a coastline of approximately
190 kilometers and a surface area of about
1,800 square kilometers. It is bordered by
coastal cities and municipalities of the National
Capital Region (NCR), the coastal provinces of
Bataan, Pampanga, Bulacan in Region 3, and
Cavite in Region 4. Also within the watershed
of Manila Bay are the non-coastal cities and
municipalities of the NCR, the provinces of
Nueva Ecija and Tarlac in Region 3, and Rizal
and Laguna in Region 4.
The two (2) main contributory areas are the
Pasig and the Pampanga river basins. The Pasig
River connects Manila Bay with Laguna de Bay.
Most of the river systems in the province of
Pampanga, Bulacan and Nueva Ecija drain into
the Pampanga River. Other major rivers
discharging directly into Manila Bay are Talisay,
Pasag, Meycauayan, Navotas-Malabon-
Tullahan-Tenejeros and Maragondon.
The ecological values of the Lake include
mangroves, wetlands and coral reefs and
seagrass. At the turn of the 20
th
century, there
were about 54,000 hectares of mangrove
around the Bay. By 1990, only 2,000 hectares
were recorded, and in 1995, only about 794
hectares remained. Its wetlands on the other
hand, covers about 4,600 hectares. Millions of
shorebirds rest and feed in wetlands of Manila
Bay area when flying South from their breeding
grounds in the arctic tundra during September
to April and returning North during the short
northern hemisphere summer of May to August.
Coral reefs can be found at the mouth of Manila
Bay. While there have been significant decline
over time, coral reefs are still considered
important habitats for fish and in the
functioning of the Manila Bay ecosystem.
(Manila Bay Coastal Strategy, Oct. 2001)
Garbage and various unwanted by-products of
modern life are being dumped regularly into
Manila Bay. Certain type of pollutants, such as
inorganic chemicals and heavy metals
accumulate. As the zone of influence of
pollutants extends beyond local boundaries and
across time, the political difficulties of
implementing comprehensive, cost-effective
management interventions are compounded.
Marine debris, oil spills and operational
discharges from ships and fishing boats not only
threaten the ecosystem but the aesthetic
quality of the Bay. A polluted and congested
Bay renders tourism development a high-risk
investment. Health risk continues and will only
intensify the pressure on the government to
put in additional resources for the provision
of health and other social services (Manila Bay
Coastal Strategy).
To address these problems, the Manila Bay
Environment Management Project (MBEMP) was
conceptualized by the GEF/UNDP/IMO Regional
Programme on Building Partnerships in
51 51 51 51 51
Environmental Management for the Seas of East
Asia (PEMSEA). The specific objective of the
Regional Programme with respect to pollution
hot spot is to apply the environmental risk
management process to address transboundary
environmental issues in subregional sea areas
under stress.
2.2.3 Ancestral Domain Areas
Ancestral domain as defined under R.A. 8371
otherwise known as the Indigenous Peoples Rights
Act of 1997 refers to all areas generally belonging
to ICC/IPs comprising lands, inland waters, coastal
areas, and natural resources therein, held under
claim of ownership, occupied or possessed by ICCs/
IPs, by themselves or through their ancestors,
communally or individually since time immemorial,
continuously to the present except when interrupted
by war, force majeure or displacement by force,
deceit, stealth or as a consequence of government
projects or any other voluntary dealings entered into
by government and private individuals/corporations,
and which are necessary to ensure their economic,
social and cultural welfare. It shall include ancestral
lands, forests, pasture, residential, agricultural and
other lands individually owned whether alienable
and disposable or otherwise, hunting grounds, burial
grounds, worship areas, bodies of water, mineral and
other natural resources, and lands which may no
longer be exclusively occupied by ICCs/IPs but from
which they traditionally had access to for their
subsistence and traditional activities particularly the
home ranges of ICCs/IPs who are still nomadic and/
or shifting cultivators.
The NCIP has recognized the ICCs/IPs within
the CALABARZON areas namely, the Dumagats of
Quezon and Rizal, the Remontados of Rizal and the
Aeta Baluga of Quezon.
Some of the problems which beset IPs are: 1)
There are titled properties within the ancestral
domain areas; 2) There are encroachments by the
lowlanders and other settlers in the area; 3) Lack
of support from the local as well as national
government agencies in the development of the
area; 4) peace and order problem; 5) delineation
of their AD.
2.2.4 Environmentally Constrained Areas
Environmentally constrained areas are areas
prone to natural hazards. The country, by reason of
its geographic, geologic and tectonic setting, is prone
to several geologic and natural hazards. The
recognition of these hazards is important to increase
public awareness in order to prevent and/or
minimize destruction to property and great loss of
life. Generally, there are two types of natural
hazards, the geologic hazards or geohazards and
hydrologic hazards.
Geohazards refer to natural and man-induced
geological processes that pose threat or risk and have
the potential of causing destruction to mans life
and property. It includes the earthquake/seismic
hazards, mass movements and volcanic hazards.
a. Earthquake/Seismic Hazards
The region is prone to earthquake/
seismic hazard. Earthquake in the area maybe
generated by the Philippine Trench, the East
Luzon Trench and the Manila Trench. Other
major active earthquake generators that may
affect the region include the Valley Fault, the
Philippine Fault, the Lubang-Verde Island Fault.
The Valley Fault System, the major fault in
the region consists of the non-active East Valley
Fault and the active West Valley Fault. The
East Valley Fault runs from the towns of
Binangonan and Taytay up to the north of
Rodriguez in Rizal. The West Valley Fault runs
from Rodriguez, Rizal to the Paraaque area
to the western boundary of Laguna (San Pedro-
Bian-Sta. Rosa-Calamba) near its boundary
with Cavite (Carmona-Silang), gradually
52 52 52 52 52
curving towards the west as it approaches the
Batangas - Cavite boundary at Tagaytay Ridge.
Another fault, the Lipa Fault, extends from
Maricaban Island south of Mabini, Batangas up
to Lipa to the southeastern coast of Laguna
Lake. (Figure 2.19)
There are two large earthquakes to date
reported pointing to or proximate the province
of Quezon as the epicenter. The first is the
Alabat Earthquake on August 20, 1937 and the
Ragay Gulf Earthquake on March 17, 1973. The
town worst hit by the Ragay Gulf earthquake
is Caluag and Lopez in Quezon damaging
properties, transportation and communication
lines. In the Alabat Earthquake, damage to
buildings in greater Manila area, Laguna and
Batangas were heavy.
The major causes of damage during
earthquakes/seismic hazards include hazards
due to ground shaking, liquefaction, landslide,
surface rupturing, and tsunami
Ground Shaking refers to the disrupting
up-down sideways motion of the ground
attendant to an earthquake event. In la rge
magnitude earthquakes, ground shaking can
cause building collapse, liquefaction and
landslides.
The entire region may be affected by this
hazard. The magnitude however, will depend
on the intensity of the earthquake, the
characteristic of the underlying rocks and
proximity of the epicenter. PHILVOCS has
observed that ground-shaking effects can be
felt as far as 100 kilometers from the epicenter.
On August 2, 1968, an earthquake with a
Richter magnitude of 7.3 with the epicenter
located 230 kilometers northeast of Manila or
about 60 kilometers northeast of Baler, Aurora
affected the whole region with strong ground
shaking bringing damage to Rizal province. The
areas affected include Montalban, Cainta,
Taytay, Teresa and Pililla.
Liquefaction refers to a process that
transforms the behavior of loose, water-
saturated soil from solid to liquid. This occurs
during intense ground shaking and results in
forcible expulsion of water and sediments to
the surface in the form of water and sand
fountaining. Soils, which are most likely to
liquefy, are the recent alluvial deposits
composed of sands and silts (usually less than
10,000 years old), with high ground water
levels and poorly compacted fills are
susceptible to this hazard.
The coastal areas in Cavite and low-lying
areas of Imus, low-lying areas in Laguna, areas
near or surrounding the Laguna de Bay, the
low-lying areas near or surrounding the Balayan
Bay, Batangas Bay and Lobo in Batangas, low-
lying areas of Angono, San Mateo, Rodriguez
in Rizal and the northeastern Polillo and
Lucena-Tayabas, in Quezon area are prone to
this hazard.
Landslide refers to the downslope
movement of sliding masses of soil and/or rock
detached from the underlying stationary part
of the slope. This occurs when slope materials
are no longer able to resist the force of gravity.
It is sometimes called mass movement or mass
wasting. In general, areas with steep slope
underlain by clayey soil or highly weathered
or fractured rock and transected by or near an
active fault are vulnerable to this hazard.
Landslide prone areas include the
Carmona-Silang areas along the trace of West
Valley Fault; the Tagaytay Ridge and nearby
steeply sloping areas. Deeply incised rivers,
which are common in Cavite, are also prone
to this hazard. Steeply sloping areas in
Calamba, Los Baos, San Pablo, Paete,
53 53 53 53 53
2
.
1
9
54 54 54 54 54
2.20
55 55 55 55 55
Kalayaan, Mabitac, Siniloan, and Famy are
identified landslide prone areas in Laguna. The
steep topography of San Mateo, Antipolo,
Morong, Tanay, Teresa, Pililla and Baras are the
areas in Rizal prone to this hazard. In Quezon
province, the municipalities in Bondoc
Peninsula, Caluag, Lopez and Atimonan are the
areas prone to landslide.
Surface Faulting/Rupturing refers to the
offset or tearing of the ground surface by
differential movement along a fault during an
earthquake. This effect is generally associated
with Richter magnitudes of 5.5 or greater and
is restricted to particularly earthquake-prone
areas. Displacements range from a few
millimeters to several meters, and the damage
usually increases with increasing displacement.
Significant damage is usually restricted to a
narrow zone ranging up to 300 meters wide
along the fault, although subsidiary ruptures
may occur three to four kilometers from the
main fault.
Surface rupturing maybe pronounced if
it occurs in Carmona-Silang and Tagaytay Ridge
areas, in San Pedro, Bian, Cabuyao and Sta.
Rosa, Laguna, in Mabini Lipa, Cuenca,
Batangas, municipalities which are dissected
by the active West Valley Fault. Lumban,
Kalayaan, Paete and Famy, Laguna may also
experience surface rupturing hazard due to the
northeast trending fault. Surface rupturing
may occur in the municipalities of San Mateo
and Rodriguez particularly those that are near
or within the Valley Fault System.
In addition to buildings, linear structures
such as roads, railroads, bridges, tunnels, and
pipelines are susceptible to damage from
surface faulting. Obviously, the most effective
way to limit such damage is to avoid
construction in the immediate vicinity of active
faults.
Tsunami refers to water waves or seismic
sea waves caused by large-scale sudden
movement of the sea floor, due usually to
earthquakes and on rare occasions to
landslides, volcanic eruptions, or man-made
explosions. These waves can reach up to tens
of meters above sea level.
Occurrences are restricted along the
coastal town areas of Cavite that include
Ternate, Naic, Tanza, Rosario, Noveleta, Cavite
City and Bacor towns. This hazard may occur
along the coastal areas of Batangas that include
Balayan Bay, Batangas Bay, Lobo, Nasugbu and
Calatagan shore areas. Lake tsunami also occurs
in Taal Lake during the explosive eruptions of
Taal Volcano that creates large magnitude waves
on the lake water induced by the sudden
displacement of materials caused by explosions,
blasts, pyroclastic flows, landslides and
earthquakes at or near the lakeshore Since
most of the towns of Rizal are inland, tsunami
hazard is unlikely to occur, except those near
the shores of Laguna Lake like Angono, Jala-
jala, Morong, Pililla, and Teresa where lake
tsunami may be possible. Laguna area is not
vulnerable to this hazard.
b. Volcanic Hazards
The CALABARZON region has two active
volcanoes, Taal Volcano and Mt. Banahaw.
Taal Volcano is situated in a highly
populated and rapidly growing agricultural and
industrial region. Five towns are located
around the lakeshore and 2 cities and 8 more
towns are lined up along its caldera rim. Since
1572, Taal has erupted at least 34 times. Since
early 1991, the volcano has been restless, with
swarms of earthquakes, new steaming areas,
ground fracturing, and increases in water
temperature of the lake. Taal is one of 15
Decade Volcanoes that have been identified
56 56 56 56 56
by the volcanology community as presenting
large potential hazards to population centers.
Figure 2.21 is an image of Taal volcano;
the black area in the center is Taal Lake, which
nearly fills the 30-kilometer-diameter (18-mile)
caldera. The caldera rim consists of deeply
eroded hills and cliffs. The large island in Taal
Lake, which itself contains a crater lake, is
known as Volcano Island. The bright yellow
patch on the southwest side of the island marks
the site of an explosion crater that formed
during a deadly eruption of Taal in 1965. The
bright area in the upper right of the image is
the densely populated city of Manila, only 50
kilometers (30 miles) north of the central crater.
Mount Banahaw lies between the
provinces of Laguna and Quezon. The
municipalities surrounding the volcano are
susceptible to various hazards posed by the
volcano. The volcano has four recorded eruption
since 1970, the latest eruption in 1909.
The hazards posed by volcanoes are
mostly associated with eruptions. These
include lava flows, and base surges, ash or
tephra falls tsunami, seiches and fissuring.
Lava Flow refers to relatively large,
coherent elongated streams of incandescent
molten volcanic rock materials, which usually
ooze non-explosively from the volcanos
summit crater or from a vent near the summit
and then move along ravines and gullies. These
are extremely hot (about 1000), viscous, and
move slowly. Because of the viscosity of the
magma, lava flows do not spread out too far
from the crater. Areas prone to lava flows are
the barangays confined with the Taal Volcano
Island. Lava flows during eruptions in n 1968
and 1969 were confined within the embayment
created by the 1965 eruption in the southwest
flank of Volcano Island and apparently did not
pose a significant threat at that time. However,
lava flows could be a serious hazard at Taal if
erupted from a lakeshore vent and
accompanied by violent hydrovolcanic
explosions resulting from lava-lakewater
interaction.
Base surges are special form of
pyroclastic flow whose turbulent volcanic
debris-laden clouds flow rapidly outward in all
direction from the base of the main eruption
column. The Taal Volcano Base Surges Hazard
Map (Figure 2.22) shows the municipalities of
Talisay, Laurel, and Agoncillo as areas
susceptible to base surges. Base surge
eruptions in 1911 and 1965 blasted the villages
to the west of the vent at Volcano Island,
traveling 3 km across Taal Lake. This particular
hazard is the notorious cause of deaths and
destructions both on Volcano Island and in
lakeshore areas as surges can propagate over
the lake without significant reduction in force.
Tephra falls are materials extruded by
volcanic explosions, which are transported
through the air. Tephra includes particles and
Figure 2.21
Taal Volcano
57 57 57 57 57
2.22
58 58 58 58 58
2.23
59 59 59 59 59
fragments of any size remaining from huge
blocks of bombs (more than 60mm in size) to
lapilli (2-64m) to ash (less than 2mm). Ash,
because of its small size, can be thrown high
upward, remain airborne for a long time and
can be carried by prevailing winds to far
distances.
Figure 2.23 shows the areas, which are
at risk of tephra fall. High-risk areas will likely
receive more than centimeter thick ashfall,
moderate risk area will receive 1 10
centimeters while low risk area will likely
receive one centimeter thick ashfall. Areas
prone to tephra falls and ballistic projectiles
are those near the volcano which t include
Laurel, Tagaytay City, Tanauan, Malvar, Lipa,
San Jose, Cuenca, Lemery, Taal, and
Agoncillo.Meanwhile, Calamba-Los Baos may
receive 1 centimeter thick ash fall if Taal erupts
with the same intensity as before, while other
areas will receive minimal ash fall hazard
depending on the magnitude of eruption and
direction of the wind.
Seiches refers to seismically induced
oscillation or sloshing of water contained in
reservoirs, lakes, ponds and other bodies of
water. Figure 2.24 shows the areas susceptible
to seiches/lakewater oscillation. All Taal
lakeshore municipalities are prone to this
hazard resulting to inundation of land and
structures. Ground fissuring refers to a break
or rupture in the ground caused by movement
of magma beneath the earth surface, usually
accompanied by earthquakes. The Taal Volcano
Fissuring Hazard Map (Figure 2.24) shows the
areas susceptible to this hazard.
c. Hydrologic Hazards
Hydrologic hazards include fluvial (river)
flooding and coastal flooding. Floods are
generated by excessive rainfall associated with
A 1 5
60 60 60 60 60
2.24
61 61 61 61 61
tropical cyclone occurrences.
River Flooding occurs when the capacity
of stream channels to conduct water is
exceeded and water overflows the riverbanks.
Floods are natural phenomena, and maybe
expected to occur at irregular intervals on all
stream and rivers.
Coastal Flooding is caused by storm
surges, often exacerbated by storm run-off
from the upper watershed. Tsunamis are a
special type of sea-borne flood. Storm surges
are an abnormal rise in sea water level
associated hurricanes and other storms at sea.
Surges result from strong on-shore winds and/
or intense low-pressure cells and ocean
storms.
Areas prone to hydrologic hazard in
Cavite include the coastal towns Naic, Tanza,
Rosario, Noveleta, Cavite City, Kawit, and
Bacoor and those near large rivers. The
lakeshore towns encircling the Laguna de Bay
are susceptible to lakeshore flooding and this
include the towns of San Pedro, Bian, Sta.
Rosa, Calamba, Cabuyao, Calamba, Sta. Cruz,
Lumban, Paete, Siniloan, and Famy. In
Batangas, the municipalities of Lemery,
Calaca, Bauan, Mabini, Batangas City and Lobo
are prone to coastal flooding. The San Juan
area, on the other hand, is prone to river
flooding. In Rizal, the towns of Cainta, Taytay,
San Mateo, Montalban, are prone to river
flooding; while the towns of Morong, Teresa,
Pililla, Jala-jala are prone to lakeshore
flooding. The coastal municipalities Lucena,
Atimonan, Gumaca, Plaridel, Calauag, Sariaya,
and the Bondoc Peninsula in Quezon are prone
to coastal flooding.
d. Erosion
Erosion is a destructive process that
smoothens the earth surface by leveling down
irregularities like mountains, hills and
everything rising above sea level. The major
element of erosion in the region is water
especially during heavy rainfall. Erosion causes
the topsoil and everything on the land surface
along with the flowing water to be carried
away usually resulting in flooding. Table 2.26
and Figure 2.25 depict the seriousness of
erosion in the region. Recent typhoons has led
to the erosion in many parts of Real, Infanta
and Gen. Nakar in Quezon. The calamity has
brought a total of 733 dead, 575 injured, 318
missing and 75,464 families evacuated
according to the partial data of the Philippine
National Police (PNP)
Table 2.26
Erosion Classes by Province
1,294,427 210,687 264,372 819,368 CALABARZON
113,064 60,948 7,647 44,469 Rizal
679,432 47,023 104,898 527,511 Quezon
113,485 18,591 11,539 83,355 Laguna
125,885 2,018 2,800 121,067 Cavite
262,561 82,107 137,488 42,966 Batangas
Total Severe Moderate Slight Province
1,294,427 210,687 264,372 819,368 CALABARZON
113,064 60,948 7,647 44,469 Rizal
679,432 47,023 104,898 527,511 Quezon
113,485 18,591 11,539 83,355 Laguna
125,885 2,018 2,800 121,067 Cavite
262,561 82,107 137,488 42,966 Batangas
Total Severe Moderate Slight Province
SOURCE: Bureau of Soils and Water Management
62 62 62 62 62
2
.
2
5
63 63 63 63 63
Urbanization and
Settlement Pattern 3
Settlements are areas where concentrations
of population engaged in economic, political, cul-
tural and social activities are relatively high. The
areas vary from small agricultural-based rural vil-
lages to metropolitan urban centers with high con-
centration of people (NFPP, 2003). In the Regional
Physical Framework Plan (RPFP) for CALABARZON,
the settlements component is a synthesis of the lo-
cation, scope and direction of urban growth in the
region.
3.1 Urban Barangays
Based on the 2000 Census, CALABARZON has
the highest proportion of urban barangays (42.3 %)
outside of NCR, and is followed by Region III with
41.4 percent. Rizal, Cavite, and Laguna ranked first,
second, and third respectively, with the highest pro-
portions of urban
barangays. Batangas
and Quezon posted
relatively low per-
centage of urban
barangays with 38 and
10 percent, respec-
tively. The change in
barangay classifica-
tion appears to be
faster in municipali-
ties and cities adja-
cent to NCR and are
lying along the major
transport axes. These
areas have become
immediate catchment
of Metro Manilas urbanizations spillover.
Figure 2.26 show that majority or 83.4 per-
cent of Rizals barangays are now classified as ur-
ban. Rizal has the highest proportion of barangays
classified as urban. In contrast, Quezon has only 119
barangays considered as urban out of the 1,242 to-
tal number of barangays.
Figure 2.27 shows the extent of urbanization
in the region for the period 1990 and 2000. The ar-
eas marked with dark red are the barangays classi-
fied as urban since 1990. There are 1,313 barangays
that fall into this category. The areas maked with
light red are the barangays reclassified as urban only
in 2000 while the areas colored yellow are the ur-
ban barangays in 1990 but were reclassified as rural
in 2000. The rural barangays reclassified as urban in
64 64 64 64 64
2000 numbered 340 while the urban barangays re-
classified to rural totaled 333. The areas colored
light black are the rural barangays that has not
changed status. These barangays comprised the bulk
with 1,979 or 49 percent of the total 4,009 barangays
of the region.
3.2 Urban Population
The high urban growth rate average of 5.79
percent between 1970 to 2000 made CALABARZON
the most highly urbanized region outside NCR. In
2000, the regions urban population comprised 67.4
percent of its total population. This share is expected
to increase to 70 percent in 2010. While in general,
the rapid increase in urban population is due to the
movement of people from rural to urban areas within
the province, this is not true for Rizal, Cavite and
Laguna (RICALA). The increase in urban population
in these provinces was due mainly to the migration
of people from NCR and other regions of the coun-
try. In some cases, migration was initially towards
the rural areas of the region. As these rural areas
grew and developed, they were later reclassified as
urban areas. The massive movement of people to
the RICALA made these provinces among the areas
with the highest proportion of urban population:
Rizal, 94 percent; Cavite, at 87 percent; and La-
guna, at 84 percent. In comparison, less than half
of the population of Batangas and Quezon reside in
the urban areas.
Ten cities and 31 municipalities are already
classified as 100 percent urban. Most of these form
part of the catchment area. However, they have the
smallest land area among the municipalities and cit-
ies in the region.
As mentioned in the earlier analysis of popu-
lation data for the period 1970 to 2000, the overall
Urban Rural Growth Development (URGD) has been
observed to be consistently positive which reflects
that urban population has been experiencing much
faster growth than the rural population. However,
between 1990 and 2000, Quezon and Rizal registered
negative URGD, indicating de-urbanization. A review
of the population distribution by municipality showed
that 35 out of 40 municipalities of Quezon and four
out of 13 municipalities of Rizal had undergone de-
urbanization.
Table 2.27
Number and Percentage of Urban Barangays and Population
CALABARZON, 2000
95.8 1,635,413 1,707,218 83.4 156 Rizal
22.0 368,722 1,679,030 9.6 119 Quezon
83.5 1,641,272 1,965,872 53.6 361 Laguna
86.8 1,791,068 2,063,161 79.0 654 Cavite
44.4 844,981 1,905,358 38.0 409 Batangas
42.4 6,281,506 9,320,629 42.4 1,699 CALABARZON
59.7 4,901,257 8,204,742 41.4 1,311 Region 3
100.0 9,932,560 9,932,560 100.0 1,694 NCR
48.0 36,756,881 76,504,077 23.8 9,998 Philippines
% Urban Pop. Total Pop. % Number
Population Urban Barangays
95.8 1,635,413 1,707,218 83.4 156 Rizal
22.0 368,722 1,679,030 9.6 119 Quezon
83.5 1,641,272 1,965,872 53.6 361 Laguna
86.8 1,791,068 2,063,161 79.0 654 Cavite
44.4 844,981 1,905,358 38.0 409 Batangas
42.4 6,281,506 9,320,629 42.4 1,699 CALABARZON
59.7 4,901,257 8,204,742 41.4 1,311 Region 3
100.0 9,932,560 9,932,560 100.0 1,694 NCR
48.0 36,756,881 76,504,077 23.8 9,998 Philippines
% Urban Pop. Total Pop. % Number
Population Urban Barangays
Source: NSO
3. Urbanization and Settlement Pattern
65 65 65 65 65
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3.3 Built-Up Areas
The total built-up area of the region is esti-
mated at 171,378.31 hectares. This represents 16.3
percent of the total land classified as A & D. By
province, Rizal province showed the highest pro-
portion (75 %) of built-up areas in relation to its
total A & D while Laguna had the least with 1.1 per-
cent. Cavite also registered high proportion of built-
up areas in relation to its A and D at 53 percent. In
terms of percentage distribution of built-up areas
by province, Cavite got the biggest share with 34
percent while Laguna had the least with less than
one percent. The percentage share of Rizal and
BUILT-UP AREAS
67 67 67 67 67
Batangas to the total built-up area of the region is
also substantial at 28 and 21 percent , respectively.
The data for Laguna might need validation consid-
ering the wide extent of urbanization as shown in
Table 2.29 of the areas adjacent to NCR. It shall be
point out, however, that the urban-rural classifica-
tion of NSO is on a per barangay basis and not on
exact location of establishments, hence, this tend
to be more extensive in scope compared with the
built-up areas.
The map on built-up areas (Figure 2.28) ob-
tained from the SAFDZ is consistent with the urban
classification map of barangays (Figure 2.28), at
least in terms of direction. The map generally indi-
cates that the areas near NCR have the highest con-
centration of built-up areas.
3.4 Existing Hierarchy of Settlements and
Settlements Patterns
CALABARZON is composed of five provinces,
10 cities, 132 municipalities and 4,009 barangays
connected with each other in varying degrees physi-
cally and economically. These political subdivisions
form a regionwide, hierarchichal network of settle-
ments. The provinces are linked by several road
networks notably the Philippine-Japan Friendship
Highway which traverses Laguna, Batangas and
Quezon, and the Cavite Coastal Road, which con-
nects the region to Metro Manila. Due to heavy traf-
fic volume in the urban centers, new road networks
have been built such as the Southern Tagalog Access
Road (STAR), Manila South Road (MSR) and Manila
East Road.
The existing settlements pattern of the region
(Figure 2.29) is undoubtedly influenced heavily by
its proximity to the NCR. It is for this reason
that the hierarchy of settlements of CALABARZON is
quite different with other regions of the country
where normally the regional centers are the domi-
nant urban centers. For the CALABARZON, the hier-
archy of settlements is characterized by the pres-
ence of several clusters of contiguous municipali-
ties and cities, which perform functions similar to
those of a metropolis. These clusters are collectively
termed as the Urban Growth Clusters (UGC) or
Catchment Areas. The UGC is followed by the large
and medium towns. These towns have population
more than twenty-five thousand and serve as ad-
ministrative, social and economic centers to adja-
cent municipalities. The rest of the municipalities
are considered as small towns, each of which have
their central business districts that serve as centers
for commerce and provide primary social services.
Sources of Data: 1/DENR, 2/Estimates of PPDOs, 3/Computed
Table 2.28
Total Land Area, A & D, Estimated Built-Up Areas and
Percentage of Built-Up Areas from A&D
CALABARZON, 2002
28.19 75.63 48,319.00 63,889 130,892 Rizal
16.45 5.94 28,200.00 474,439 870,660 Quezon
0.84 1.06 1,431.10 134,720 175,973 Laguna
33.59 53.43 57,563.20 107,733 128,755 Cavite
20.93 13.39 35,865.01 267,760 316,581 Batangas
100 16.34 171,378.31 1,048,541 1,622,861 Region IV-A
Percentage
Share of Built-
Up Areas by
Province
3/
Percentage of
Built-Up Areas
from A & D
3/
Built-up
Area
2/
(Has)
A & D
1/
(Has)
Total Land
Area
1/
(Has)
Provinces
28.19 75.63 48,319.00 63,889 130,892 Rizal
16.45 5.94 28,200.00 474,439 870,660 Quezon
0.84 1.06 1,431.10 134,720 175,973 Laguna
33.59 53.43 57,563.20 107,733 128,755 Cavite
20.93 13.39 35,865.01 267,760 316,581 Batangas
100 16.34 171,378.31 1,048,541 1,622,861 Region IV-A
Percentage
Share of Built-
Up Areas by
Province
3/
Percentage of
Built-Up Areas
from A & D
3/
Built-up
Area
2/
(Has)
A & D
1/
(Has)
Total Land
Area
1/
(Has)
Provinces
68 68 68 68 68
3.4.1 Urban Growth Clusters (UGC)
The UGC are highly urbanized cities and mu-
nicipalities that provide wide range and the highest
levels and scales of services (Figure 2.30). The clus-
ter stretches from Rodriguez, Rizal in the north down
to Batangas City and Pagbilao in the south.
The UGC is subdivided into the following
groups:
a. Northern Rizal Cluster: Rodriguez-San
Mateo-Cainta-Taytaytay-Antipolo City-Angono-
Binangonan
b. Western Laguna Cluster: San Pedro-Bian-
Sta. Rosa-Cabuyao-Calamba-Los Baos-Bay
(Comprise mainly of the 1
st
and Second Districts
of Laguna)
c. Northern Cavite Cluster: Bacoor-Imus-
Dasmarias-Kawit-GMA-Carmona-Noveleta-
Cavite City
d. Tagaytay-Silang Cluster: Tagaytay-Silang
e. Central Cavite Cluster: Rosario-Gen.Trias-
Naic-Tanza-Trece Martirez City
Urban Growth Corridor
Large Town
Medium Town
Small Town
Legend
Large Town
Medium Town
Small Town
Legend
Large Town
Medium Town
Small Town
Legend
Large Town
Medium Town
Small Town
Legend
Large Town
Medium Town
Small Town
Legend
Large Town
Medium Town
Small Town
Legend
Large Town
Medium Town
Small Town
Legend
Figure 2.29
Existing Hierarchy of Settlements
CALABARZON
Large Town
Medium Town
Small Town
Legend
Large Town
Medium Town
Small Town
Legend
Large Town
Medium Town
Small Town
Legend
Large Town
Medium Town
Small Town
Legend
Large Town
Medium Town
Small Town
Legend
Large Town
Medium Town
Small Town
Legend
Large Town
Medium Town
Small Town
Legend
Figure 2.29
Existing Hierarchy of Settlements
CALABARZON
69 69 69 69 69
f. Metro Batangas: SanJose-Batangas City-San
Pascual-Bauan-Mabini
g. Metro Lipa: Sto. Tomas-MalvarTanuan-Lipa
City
h. San Pablo City-Metro Lucena: San Pablo City
(Laguna)-Tiaong-Candelaria-Sariaya-Tayabas-
Lucena City-Pagbilao
Except Laguna province whose provincial capi-
tol is in Santa Cruz, the seats of the provincial gov-
ernments are located in these clusters. The desig-
nated regional government center, Calamba City, is
also part of the cluster. Most regional offices of na-
tional line agencies are now located in these clus-
ters.
Aside from serving as administrative centers,
these clusters serve the hubs of economic activities
in the region in terms of industrial, commercial, fi-
nancial, and support services. Minimal agricultural
activities are found in these clusters.
3.4.2 Large Towns and Medium Towns
In the case of Laguna, the provincial capital-
Santa Cruz serves as its administrative, economic
and social services center particularly the 3
rd
and
4
th
congressional districts. Other large towns such
as Siniloan also in Laguna and Catanuan and Gen-
eral Nakar in Quezon provide services to the sur-
rounding municipalities as transshipment points of
local products before being transported to other
municipalities. These large towns, being classified
as minor urban settlements, serve as agricultural
service centers. They offer a range of urban ser-
vices and facilities that compliment those of the
clusters and have the potential to become interme-
diate-sized centers.
Calamba City
Antipolo City
Batangas City
Lucena City
San Pablo City
Lipa City
TagaytayCity
Dasmarias
Legend
1 - Metro Rizal Urban Cluster
2 - Western Laguna Urban Cluster
3 - Northern Cavite Urban Cluster
4 - Central Cavite Urban Cluster
5 - Tagaytay-Silang Urban Cluster
6 - Metro Batangas Urban Cluster
7 - Metro Lipa Urban Cluster
8 - San Pablo-etroLucena Urban Cluster
Resource-Based Area
Figure 2.30
Urban Development Cluster/Corridor
Calamba City
Antipolo City
Batangas City
Lucena City
San Pablo City
Lipa City
TagaytayCity
Dasmarias
Legend
7 -
Calamba City
Antipolo City
Batangas City
Lucena City
San Pablo City
Lipa City
TagaytayCity
Dasmarias
Legend
7 - Metro Lipa Urban Cluster
8 - San Pablo-etroLucena Urban Cluster
Resource-Based Area
Figure 2.30
Urban Development Cluster/Corridor
70 70 70 70 70
Medium towns as identified in the Provincial
Physical Framework Plans (PPFPs) include: (1)
Batangas cuenca, Mataas na Kahoy, Ibaan, Padre
Garcia, Taysan, Lobo, Tuy, Lian, Calatagan and
Talisay; (2) Laguna Alaminos, Calauan, Lumban,
Liliw, Nagcarlan, Paete, Pagsanjan and Pila; (3)
Quezon Calauag, Gumaca, Lucban, Lopez and
Mauban; and, (4) Rizal Baras, Jala-jala, Morong
and Pililla.
3.4.3 Small Towns and Central Business
Districts (CBDs)
In the case of the Central Business Districts
(CBD), usually the poblaciones, smaller towns and
cities and other rural settlements provide direct links
to rural production areas that are not served by the
larger urban centers. As link to these areas. These
poblaciones are characterized by the presence of
small-scale agricultural services such as milling and
processing suppliers of farm inputs and implements,
and the presence of low level services for health
and education.
3.5 Criteria Used in Identifying the Hierarchy
of Centers in the Region
The spatial pattern and settlement hierarchy
in the region are generally identified in terms of
the roles and functions that the cities and munici-
palities play in the development of the CALABARZON
region. The identification of hierarchy was also based
on the criteria developed by the provinces in the
formulation of their respective PPFPs. The PPFPs
categorized each city/municipality into levels of
urban hierarchy according to roles, indicator func-
tion and population size.
3.6 Accessibility Analysis
The scalogram (Table 2.29) for the development
clusters of the region indicates that generally, the
level and scale of urban service in the region is di-
rectly proportional to population size. The presence
of service facilities in in the UGC which is more popu-
lous is more evident compared with the rural growth
clusters. Areas with population size greater than
200,000 can support functions and services such as
subdivisions, fastfoods, banks, universities, three-star
hotels, tertiary hospitals and malls. Again, the
CALABARZONs proximity to NCR may be one of the
factors that determine the type and level of services
the regions settlements provide aside from popula-
tion size. This is shown by the fact that although some
of the clusters in the region have larger population
sizes compared with Metro Cebu and Metro Davao,
the region does not have an international airport. It
is in this light that the link of CALABARZON to the
NCR needs to be enhanced because of the need for
access to regional or international airport, which
CALABARZON does not have yet at present.
In terms of travel time to provincial centers,
all the provincial centers are accessible and with
relatively good quality of roads except for Quezon.
Travel time to Lucena City, the provincial adminis-
trative center, from the Northern most part of
Quezon (General Nakar) takes four hours while the
Southernmost (Tagkawayan) takes three to four
hours. On the other hand, travel time to Lucena City
from its island municipality of Jomalig takes seven
hours. Areas included in the UGC which have the
highest level of services are also highly accessible
to the medium and small towns.
3.7 Implication of Urbanization
The proportion of of population residing in
areas classified as urban is expected to expand dra-
matically. If the current trend continues, 100 per-
cent of the population will be living in urban areas
by 2035. The provinces adjacent to NCR will reach
100 urbanization level much earlier than the pro-
jection for the region. The province of Rizal will be
100 percent urban before 2010, Cavite by 2011 and
Laguna by 2015. Batangas and Quezon will take
longer period of time before they reach 100 per-
cent urbanization level.
71 71 71 71 71
Figure 2.31
Act ual and Pr oj ect ed Pr opor t i on of Ur ban and Rur al Popul at i on
34.6
43
58.4
67.39
65.4
57
41.6
32.61
81.27
87.63
92.45
18.73
12.37
7.54
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040
Urban (Actual) Rural (Actual) Urban (Projected) Rural (Projected)
Figure 2.31
Actual and Projected Proportion of Urban and Rural Population
329,102
Batangas-Quezon Agri-
based Corridor
12
201,424 Tagaytay-SilangCluster * 13
199,147
Lakeshore Municipality of
Batangas
14
716,224
Upland Cav-Bat Agri-Tour
Corridor
6
701,297
Banahaw-Laguna Lakeshore
Corridor
7
509,819 Sierra-Madre-Pacific Corridor 8
458,872 Metro Batangas Cluster * 9
449,070 Metro LipaCluster * 10
406,209 Central Cavite Cluster * 11
Malls
5 Star
Hotel
Seaport
Regional
Airport
748,175 BondocPeninsula 5
809,934 San Pablo-Metro Lucena * 4
1,131,787 Western Laguna Cluster * 3
1,234,880 Northern Cavite Cluster * 2
1,424,689 Northern Rizal Cluster * 1
Interna-
tional
Airport
Hospital
3 Star
Hotel
Univer-
sity
Bank
Fast
Food
Subdi-
vision
Population Areas Rank
329,102
based Corridor
12
199,147
Batangas
14
716,224
Corridor
6
701,297
Corridor
7
Malls
5 Star
Hotel
Seaport
Regional
Airport
Interna-
tional
Airport
Hospital
3 Star
Hotel
Univer-
sity
Bank
Fast
Food
Subdi-
vision
Areas Rank
Notes: Those with asterisks (*) are the Urban development corridors/clusters while the unmarked are the resource-based
area corridors/clusters. Note that some of the resource-based corridors have higher population count because there
are more municipalities included in the cluster.
Table 2.29
Scalogram of Development Clusters
329,102
based Corridor
12
199,147
Batangas
14
716,224
Corridor
6
701,297
Corridor
7
Malls
5 Star
Hotel
Seaport
Regional
Airport
Interna-
tional
Airport
Hospital
3 Star
Hotel
Univer-
sity
Bank
Fast
Food
Subdi-
vision
Areas Rank
329,102
based Corridor
12
199,147
Batangas
14
716,224
Corridor
6
701,297
Corridor
7
Malls
5 Star
Hotel
Seaport
Regional
Airport
329,102
based Corridor
12
199,147
Batangas
14
716,224
Corridor
6
701,297
Corridor
7
Malls
5 Star
Hotel
Seaport
Regional
Airport
Interna-
tional
Airport
Hospital
3 Star
Hotel
Univer-
sity
Bank
Fast
Food
Subdi-
vision
Areas Rank
Table 2.29
329,102
based Corridor
12
199,147
Batangas
14
716,224
Corridor
6
701,297
Corridor
7
Malls
5 Star
Hotel
Seaport
Regional
Airport
Interna-
tional
Airport
Hospital
3 Star
Hotel
Univer-
sity
Bank
Fast
Food
Subdi-
vision
Population Areas Rank
329,102
based Corridor
12
199,147
Batangas
14
716,224
Corridor
6
701,297
Corridor
7
Malls
5 Star
Hotel
Seaport
Regional
Airport
329,102
based Corridor
12
199,147
Batangas
14
716,224
Corridor
6
701,297
Corridor
7
Malls
5 Star
Hotel
Seaport
Regional
Airport
Interna-
tional
Airport
Hospital
3 Star
Hotel
Univer-
sity
Bank
Fast
Food
Subdi-
vision
Areas Rank
Table 2.29
329,102
based Corridor
12
199,147
Batangas
14
716,224
Corridor
6
701,297
Corridor
7
Malls
5 Star
Hotel
Seaport
Regional
Airport
748,175
Interna-
tional
Airport
Hospital
3 Star
Hotel
Univer-
sity
Bank
Fast
Food
Subdi-
vision
Areas Rank
Table 2.29
329,102
based Corridor
12
199,147
Batangas
14
716,224
Corridor
6
701,297
Corridor
7
Malls
5 Star
Hotel
Seaport
Regional
Airport
Interna-
tional
Airport
Hospital
3 Star
Hotel
Univer-
sity
Bank
Fast
Food
Subdi-
vision
Areas Rank
329,102
based Corridor
12
199,147
Batangas
14
716,224
Corridor
6
701,297
Corridor
7
Malls
5 Star
Hotel
Seaport
Regional
Airport
329,102
based Corridor
12
199,147
Batangas
14
716,224
Corridor
6
701,297
Corridor
7
Malls
5 Star
Hotel
Seaport
Regional
Airport
329,102
based Corridor
12
199,147
Batangas
14
716,224
Corridor
6
701,297
Corridor
7
Malls
5 Star
Hotel
Seaport
Regional
Airport
Interna-
tional
Airport
Hospital
3 Star
Hotel
Univer-
sity
Bank
Fast
Food
Subdi-
vision
Areas Rank
Table 2.29
72 72 72 72 72
The growth rate of the urban population in
CALABARZON was consistently higher than its total
Population Growth Rate. The urban-rural growth
differentials (URGD) have been consistently positive
with the urban population growing faster than the
rural population though not on a steady increase,
with 3.7 percent during the 1970-1980 period; 6.4
percent between 1980 to 1990; and 4.0 percent be-
tween 1990 to 2000.
During the period 1990 to 2000, the URGD was
consistently positive in the provinces of Batangas,
Cavite and Laguna while Quezon and Rizal registered
negative URGD (Table 2.30). The negative URGD reg-
istered by Quezon and Rizal may be due to the fact
that some portion of the population might have
settled in areas classified as rural although the Na-
tional Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) indi-
cates that rural areas usually have higher total fer-
tility rates compared to urban areas. The increas-
ing growth rate of the rural population had to be
evaluated closely because areas classified as envi-
ronmentally critical might have been occupied by
informal settlers.
By all indications, the movement of the popu-
lation is urbanward particularly in municipalities
near NCR. As shown in the data, however, eight clus-
ters of municipalities in the five provinces of the
region manifested high population growth. Collec-
tively, these areas comprise 65 percent of the total
population in the region or six out of ten
CALABARZONian reside in these clusters. Population
densities and growth rates are highest in these catch-
ment areas. Figure 2.32 shows the change in popu-
lation densities from 1980 to 2000.
While cities and urban areas are considered
as engines of growth and natural focal points for
cultural and socio-economic innovations and change,
unplanned growth of these areas may lead to a cri-
sis in living conditions and in social and health ser-
vices. The rapid growth of urban areas caused by
migration, population momentum and high fertility
may outpace governments abilities to provide ba-
sic services and economic opportunities. Population
growth in unplanned areas will strain urban infra-
structures and caused severe housing shortages,
congestion, higher crime rates and increased pollu-
tion, and may contribute to the spread of communi-
cable diseases. Unless concerted action is taken to
address the root causes of rapid urbanization, in-
cluding migration from rural to urban areas, the
number of people living in slums will grow in the
coming years (UNFPA). It is in this light that the Re-
gional Physical Framework Plan (RPFP) shall en-
deavor to push for development strategies that will
enable people living in rural areas to survive and
prosper without having to consider migration to cit-
ies as their only viable option.
SOURCE: NSO
Table 2.30
Population Growth Rate by Urban-Rural and Urban-Rural Growth Differential (URGD)
4.00 6.41 3.68 1.41 0.07 1.80 5.41 6.48 5.48 CALABARZON
-9.63 -2.31 10.24 15.10 11.01 -0.39 5.47 8.70 9.85 Rizal
-5.59 1.82 0.40 3.59 1.41 2.15 -2.00 3.23 2.55 Quezon
5.65 6.34 4.57 -0.77 -0.78 0.84 4.88 5.56 5.41 Laguna
7.36 7.98 4.00 0.00 -1.30 1.83 7.36 6.68 5.83 Cavite
7.96 6.15 1.78 -0.17 1.01 2.12 7.80 7.16 3.90 Batangas
1990-
2000
1980-
1990
1970-
1980
1990-
2000
1980-
1990
1970-
1980
1990-
2000
1980-
1990
1970-
1980
URGD Rural Urban
Areas
4.00 6.41 3.68 1.41 0.07 1.80 5.41 6.48 5.48 CALABARZON
-9.63 -2.31 10.24 15.10 11.01 -0.39 5.47 8.70 9.85 Rizal
-5.59 1.82 0.40 3.59 1.41 2.15 -2.00 3.23 2.55 Quezon
5.65 6.34 4.57 -0.77 -0.78 0.84 4.88 5.56 5.41 Laguna
7.36 7.98 4.00 0.00 -1.30 1.83 7.36 6.68 5.83 Cavite
7.96 6.15 1.78 -0.17 1.01 2.12 7.80 7.16 3.90 Batangas
1990-
2000
1980-
1990
1970-
1980
1990-
2000
1980-
1990
1970-
1980
1990-
2000
1980-
1990
1970-
1980
URGD Rural Urban
Areas
73 73 73 73 73
Areas w/ pop. Density Above 574.33 persons/sq. km since 2000.
Areas w/ pop. Density below 574.33 persons/sq. km.
Areas w/ pop. Density Above 574.33 persons/sq. km since 1980
Areas w/ pop. Density below 574.33 persons/sq. km.
Areas w/ pop. Density Above 574.33 persons/sq. km since 1980
Figure 2.32
Change in Population Density by City/Municipality
CALABARZON Region, 1980 - 2000
Figure 2.32
Figure 2.32
Figure 2.32
Figure 2.32
Figure 2.32
74 74 74 74 74
Infrastructure
Utilities 4
4.1 Transportation
4.1.1 Roads
Being a mainland region, CALABARZON is
dominated by road-based transport system,
particularly major national roads connecting primary
and secondary urban centers. Among these major
roads are:
The South Luzon Expressway (SLEX) of the main
backbone connecting Manila extends towards
Calamba City passing through San Pedro, Bian,
Sta. Rosa and Cabuyao;
The Manila-Batangas Road connecting Calamba
City and Batangas City passing through Lipa City;
The newly built 22-kilometer Southern Tagalog
Access Road (STAR) a fast alternative route
from Sto. Tomas, Batangas to Lipa City and
Batangas City;
The Manila South Road (MSR) linking Calamba
City to Quezon in the south up to the Bicol
Region. (The MSR forms part of the Maharlika
Highway (PAN-Philippine Highway), the
countrys main trunkline linking north and
south);
The Manila East Road links Rizal starting from
Cainta towards the municipalities of Laguna
and Quezon;
Manila-Cavite Expressway, Aguinaldo Highway,
Molino Road, Calamba-Tagaytay Road
and Sta. Rosa-Tagaytay Road are main
routes to Cavite;
The proximity of Region IV-A to
the NCR has generated heavy traffic
volume particularly in urban centers
where regional and provincial trips
for passengers, commodities and
vehicles are high. These areas have
been identified through the Origin-
Destination (OD) survey contained in
the Master Plan on the Luzon Island
Strategic Road Development Network
(LISR), series of 2001.
In provincial trips, the highest
generators for passenger trips are
75 75 75 75 75
Cavite, Laguna and Batangas. Commodity trips are
highest in Batangas and Quezon with NCR as the main
attractor. For inter-region trips, passenger movement
is highest in Region IV-A, followed by Region III and
NCR. For intra-regional commodity trips, Region IV-A
is second to Region III. For commodity group trips,
movements for manufacturing products are most
prevalent in Region IV-A, Region III and NCR. Mineral
products including petrol have the most intra-region
trips in Region IV-A.
Vehicle registration in the region has
doubled from 296,512 in 1996 to 560,196 in 2002.
This means an average annual growth rate of 9.57
percent. Registration in 2002 comprised of 409,752
private, 146,086 for hire and 4,358 government
vehicles. With these figures, the increase in vehicles
in the region as those the rest of the country, is
seen to continue.
The regions road systems, particularly the two-
lane national roads, were designed for traffic volume
below 10,000 veh/day. Congestion occurs when traffic
exceeded this volume. Traffic volume is highest in
the Laguna section of the South Luzon Expressway
with more than 50,000 Annual Average Daily Traffic
(AADT) in various sections and more than 10,000 on
national roads going to urban centers (Table 2.31).
The 1999 traffic level was taken from actual counts
and compared with forecasts in the LISR Study.
SOURCE: DPWH LISR Study
Table 2.31
Road Sections with Estimated Annual
EstimateAverageDail y Traffic (ADDT) >10,000)
CALABARZON, 1999
46,227.00 Pasig-Binangonan
21,040.00 Marikina-Infanta
20,013.00 Sta. Rosa-Tagaytay
18,193.00 Calamba-Tagaytay
17,675.00 Dasmari
?
as-Tagaytay
19,443.00 Bacoor-Dasamari
?
as
17,381.00 Mla. South Road (San Pedro-Calamba)
18,099.00 Sto. Tomas-BatangasRoad
51,000.00 Cabuyao-Calamba
56,111.00 Sta. Rosa-Cabuyao
68,355.00 Carmona-Sta. Rosa
South Luzon Expressway
AADT Road Name
17,675.00 Dasmari
?
as-Tagaytay
?
as
AADT Road Name
Table 2.31
CALABARZON, 1999
17,675.00 Dasmari
?
as-Tagaytay
?
as
AADT Road Name
17,675.00 Dasmari
?
as-Tagaytay
?
as
AADT Road Name
Table 2.31
CALABARZON, 1999
17,675.00 Dasmari
?
as-Tagaytay
?
as
AADT Road Name
17,675.00 Dasmari
?
as-Tagaytay
?
as
AADT Road Name
Table 2.31
CALABARZON, 1999
17,675.00 Dasmari
?
as-Tagaytay
?
as
AADT Road Name
17,675.00 Dasmari
?
as-Tagaytay
?
as
AADT Road Name
76 76 76 76 76
In general, the road requirement
depends on land area and population. One
of the indicators being used to assess road
adequacy is the road density. The regions
overall road network as of year 2000,
measured 11, 510.78 kilometers comprising
2,288.74 kilometers of national road and
9,222.03 kilometers of local roads. This
translates into a road density of 0.71 km/
sq. km. which is higher than the national
average of 0.60 km/sq. km. The standard
road density in relation to land area is 1
km/sq. km. Cavite and Batangas have road
densities above the standard, Laguna and
Rizal are slightly below the standard while
Quezon has the lowest at 0.26. In terms
of the road density in relation to
population, Quezon fared well at 1.23 km/
1000 population while Rizal has the lowest
road density at 0.67 km/1000 population.
The regions total road network
still needs much improvement and
upgrading since only 44 percent are paved.
The paved road ratio shows the
percentage of paved road and also
indicates how much of the road network
is to be improved. Laguna has the highest
paved road ratio at 0.66 while Quezon has
the lowest at 0.26. Road densities and
paved road ratio are shown in Table 2.32.
On bridges, there are about 15,506
lineal meters of bridges along the national road in
the region as of year 2000. Of these, 93 percent are
of permanent structure while the remaining 7
percent are still temporary or bailey/timber bridges.
4.1.2 Ports
There are 146 existing ports in the
CALABARZON Region. These consist of 52 fishing
ports, 33 feeder ports, 37 private commercial ports
and 24 public commercial ports. Feeder and public
commercial ports are owned and operated by the
government to serve the needs of the general public.
Fishing ports are either owned or operated by the
government or private entities constructed primarily
to serve the fishing industry. The private commercial
ports, which are owned and operated by private
entities, are constructed primarily to serve the needs
of the owner. Table 2.34 shows the distribution of
ports per province. Ports located in Batangas, Cavite,
Laguna and Quezon are seaports while ports located
in Rizal and Laguna are within Laguna de Bay.
4. Infrastructure Utilities
SOURCE of Basic Data: DPWH CO
Table 2.32
Road Densities and Paved Road Ratio by Province
CALABARZON, 2000
0.21 0.60 2.64
201,994.1
2 Philippines
- 7.31 0.47 4,631.60 NCR
- 0.83 1.90 15,245.23 Region III
0.44 0.71 1.23 11,510.78 CALABARZON
0.57 0.87 0.67 1,138.10 Rizal
0.26 0.41 2.14 3,589.81 Quezon
0.66 0.97 0.86 1,696.56 Laguna
0.56 1.29 0.80 1,658.13 Cavite
0.41 1.08 1.80 3,428.18 Batangas
Paved Road
Ratio
Density Per
Land Area
(Km/Sq.Km.)
Density
Per 1000
Population
Total Road
Length
(Km)
Province
0.21 0.60 2.64
201,994.1
2 Philippines
- 7.31 0.47 4,631.60 NCR
- 0.83 1.90 15,245.23 Region III
0.44 0.71 1.23 11,510.78 CALABARZON
0.57 0.87 0.67 1,138.10 Rizal
0.26 0.41 2.14 3,589.81 Quezon
0.66 0.97 0.86 1,696.56 Laguna
0.56 1.29 0.80 1,658.13 Cavite
0.41 1.08 1.80 3,428.18 Batangas
Paved Road
Ratio
Density Per
Land Area
(Km/Sq.Km.)
Density
Per 1000
Population
Total Road
Length
(Km)
Province
Table 2.32
CALABARZON, 2000
0.21 0.60 2.64
201,994.1
2 Philippines
- 7.31 0.47 4,631.60 NCR
- 0.83 1.90 15,245.23 Region III
0.44 0.71 1.23 11,510.78 CALABARZON
0.57 0.87 0.67 1,138.10 Rizal
0.26 0.41 2.14 3,589.81 Quezon
0.66 0.97 0.86 1,696.56 Laguna
0.56 1.29 0.80 1,658.13 Cavite
0.41 1.08 1.80 3,428.18 Batangas
Paved Road
Ratio
Density Per
Land Area
(Km/Sq.Km.)
Density
Per 1000
Population
Total Road
Length
(Km)
Province
0.21 0.60 2.64
201,994.1
2 Philippines
- 7.31 0.47 4,631.60 NCR
- 0.83 1.90 15,245.23 Region III
0.44 0.71 1.23 11,510.78 CALABARZON
0.57 0.87 0.67 1,138.10 Rizal
0.26 0.41 2.14 3,589.81 Quezon
0.66 0.97 0.86 1,696.56 Laguna
0.56 1.29 0.80 1,658.13 Cavite
0.41 1.08 1.80 3,428.18 Batangas
Paved Road
Ratio
Density Per
Land Area
(Km/Sq.Km.)
Density
Per 1000
Population
Total Road
Length
(Km)
Province
Table 2.32
CALABARZON, 2000
0.21 0.60 2.64
201,994.1
2 Philippines
- 7.31 0.47 4,631.60 NCR
- 0.83 1.90 15,245.23 Region III
0.44 0.71 1.23 11,510.78 CALABARZON
0.57 0.87 0.67 1,138.10 Rizal
0.26 0.41 2.14 3,589.81 Quezon
0.66 0.97 0.86 1,696.56 Laguna
0.56 1.29 0.80 1,658.13 Cavite
0.41 1.08 1.80 3,428.18 Batangas
Paved Road
Ratio
Density Per
Land Area
(Km/Sq.Km.)
Density
Per 1000
Population
Total Road
Length
(Km)
Province
0.21 0.60 2.64
201,994.1
2 Philippines
- 7.31 0.47 4,631.60 NCR
- 0.83 1.90 15,245.23 Region III
0.44 0.71 1.23 11,510.78 CALABARZON
0.57 0.87 0.67 1,138.10 Rizal
0.26 0.41 2.14 3,589.81 Quezon
0.66 0.97 0.86 1,696.56 Laguna
0.56 1.29 0.80 1,658.13 Cavite
0.41 1.08 1.80 3,428.18 Batangas
Paved Road
Ratio
Density Per
Land Area
(Km/Sq.Km.)
Density
Per 1000
Population
Total Road
Length
(Km)
Province
SOURCE: DPWH as cited in the 2005 RSEP of NSCB
Table 2.33
Number of Length of Existing National Bridges
by Province
(Length/Span in Kilometers)
6.16 240 5.28 168 Quezon
1.31 49 1.37 49 Rizal
3.88 142 3.66 143 Batangas
2.27 97 2.31 105 Laguna
2.42 91 2.38 87 Cavite
16.04 619 15.21 552 CALABARZON
Span Number Span Number
2003 2002
Area
6.16 240 5.28 168 Quezon
1.31 49 1.37 49 Rizal
3.88 142 3.66 143 Batangas
2.27 97 2.31 105 Laguna
2.42 91 2.38 87 Cavite
16.04 619 15.21 552 CALABARZON
2003 2002
Area
SOURCE: DPWH as cited in the 2005 RSEP of NSCB
Table 2.33
Number of Length of Existing National Bridges
by Province
(Length/Span in Kilometers)
6.16 240 5.28 168 Quezon
1.31 49 1.37 49 Rizal
3.88 142 3.66 143 Batangas
2.27 97 2.31 105 Laguna
2.42 91 2.38 87 Cavite
16.04 619 15.21 552 CALABARZON
2003 2002
Area
6.16 240 5.28 168 Quezon
1.31 49 1.37 49 Rizal
3.88 142 3.66 143 Batangas
2.27 97 2.31 105 Laguna
2.42 91 2.38 87 Cavite
16.04 619 15.21 552 CALABARZON
2003 2002
Area
77 77 77 77 77
Major port activities are
derived from robust demand from
commodities, manufacturing and
construction materials handling as
well as developments in the
agriculture sector.
Batangas Port in Batangas
City, which is considered as one of
the major ports of entry in the
Philippines, has consistently posted
the highest record in shipping,
passenger and cargo movements. It
has occupied the topmost position
in the total cargo haul followed by the North
Harbor in Manila. In passenger handling, it is listed
as second to Manilas North Harbor.
Figure 2.34 shows the Batangas Port
Statistics for the past five years, from 1998-2002.
During this period, shipcalls, cargo and passengers
movements registered average annual growth rates
of 3.23%, 5.94% and 10.97%, respectively. There
were simultaneous increase in all port movements
in year 2000 when Phase I of the Batangas Port
Development Project was completed. The project
aimed to increase capacity of the existing port
and complement the Port of Manila.
In 2001, a decrease in all port movements
was experienced but in 2002 passenger traffic
went up to as much as 24 percent. The port was
planned to be fully developed as an international
container port. With the ongoing construction of
the Phase II project, it is expected to further
respond to the increasing demands both within
the region and from neighboring regions.
Aside from Batangas Port, two other ports
are under the PPA port system namely the Siain
Port in Quezon and Bauan Port in Batangas. Two
other ports are being developed as Roro terminal
ports - the Lucena Port in Lucena City and
Calatagan Port in Calatagan, Batangas. Calatagan
Passenger boarding bridges (Batangas Port Phase I)
Bething facility in Batangas Port (Phase I)
Port is being developed by PPA as sister port of
Lubang Port in Occidental Mindoro. The new port
link is envisioned to be part of the Strong Republic
Nautical Highway (SRNH). The SRNH is a Ro-Ro port
link from Batangas Port towards Zamboanga in
Mindanao and vice-versa.
SOURCE: NSCB
Table 2.34
Distribution of Ports by Province, Classification and Status
CALABARZON, 1999
12 134 24 37 33 52 146 CALABARZON
6 40 16 6 4 20 46 Quezon
0 36 0 2 26 8 36 Rizal
3 7 0 0 0 10 10 Laguna
2 4 1 1 0 4 6 Cavite
1 47 7 28 3 10 48 Batangas
Public Private
Non-
Opera-
tional
Opera-
tional
Commercial
Feeder Fishing
Status Classification
Total Province
12 134 24 37 33 52 146 CALABARZON
6 40 16 6 4 20 46 Quezon
0 36 0 2 26 8 36 Rizal
3 7 0 0 0 10 10 Laguna
2 4 1 1 0 4 6 Cavite
1 47 7 28 3 10 48 Batangas
Public Private
Non-
Opera-
tional
Opera-
tional
Commercial
Feeder Fishing
Total Province
SOURCE: NSCB
Table 2.34
CALABARZON, 1999
12 134 24 37 33 52 146 CALABARZON
6 40 16 6 4 20 46 Quezon
0 36 0 2 26 8 36 Rizal
3 7 0 0 0 10 10 Laguna
2 4 1 1 0 4 6 Cavite
1 47 7 28 3 10 48 Batangas
Public Private
Non-
Opera-
tional
Opera-
tional
Commercial
Feeder Fishing
Total Province
12 134 24 37 33 52 146 CALABARZON
6 40 16 6 4 20 46 Quezon
0 36 0 2 26 8 36 Rizal
3 7 0 0 0 10 10 Laguna
2 4 1 1 0 4 6 Cavite
1 47 7 28 3 10 48 Batangas
Public Private
Non-
Opera-
tional
Opera-
tional
Commercial
Feeder Fishing
Total
SOURCE: NSCB
Table 2.34
CALABARZON, 1999
12 134 24 37 33 52 146 CALABARZON
6 40 16 6 4 20 46 Quezon
0 36 0 2 26 8 36 Rizal
3 7 0 0 0 10 10 Laguna
2 4 1 1 0 4 6 Cavite
1 47 7 28 3 10 48 Batangas
Public Private
Non-
Opera-
tional
Opera-
tional
Commercial
Feeder Fishing
Total Province
12 134 24 37 33 52 146 CALABARZON
6 40 16 6 4 20 46 Quezon
0 36 0 2 26 8 36 Rizal
3 7 0 0 0 10 10 Laguna
2 4 1 1 0 4 6 Cavite
1 47 7 28 3 10 48 Batangas
Public Private
Non-
Opera-
tional
Opera-
tional
Commercial
Feeder Fishing
Total Province
SOURCE: NSCB
Table 2.34
CALABARZON, 1999
12 134 24 37 33 52 146 CALABARZON
6 40 16 6 4 20 46 Quezon
0 36 0 2 26 8 36 Rizal
3 7 0 0 0 10 10 Laguna
2 4 1 1 0 4 6 Cavite
1 47 7 28 3 10 48 Batangas
Public Private
Non-
Opera-
tional
Opera-
tional
Commercial
Feeder Fishing
Total Province
12 134 24 37 33 52 146 CALABARZON
6 40 16 6 4 20 46 Quezon
0 36 0 2 26 8 36 Rizal
3 7 0 0 0 10 10 Laguna
2 4 1 1 0 4 6 Cavite
1 47 7 28 3 10 48 Batangas
Public Private
Non-
Opera-
tional
Opera-
tional
Commercial
Feeder Fishing
Total Province
SOURCE: NSCB
Table 2.34
CALABARZON, 1999
12 134 24 37 33 52 146 CALABARZON
6 40 16 6 4 20 46 Quezon
0 36 0 2 26 8 36 Rizal
3 7 0 0 0 10 10 Laguna
2 4 1 1 0 4 6 Cavite
1 47 7 28 3 10 48 Batangas
Public Private
Non-
Opera-
tional
Opera-
tional
Commercial
Feeder Fishing
Total Province
12 134 24 37 33 52 146 CALABARZON
6 40 16 6 4 20 46 Quezon
0 36 0 2 26 8 36 Rizal
3 7 0 0 0 10 10 Laguna
2 4 1 1 0 4 6 Cavite
1 47 7 28 3 10 48 Batangas
Public Private
Non-
Opera-
tional
Opera-
tional
Commercial
Feeder Fishing
Total
SOURCE: NSCB
Table 2.34
CALABARZON, 1999
12 134 24 37 33 52 146 CALABARZON
6 40 16 6 4 20 46 Quezon
0 36 0 2 26 8 36 Rizal
3 7 0 0 0 10 10 Laguna
2 4 1 1 0 4 6 Cavite
1 47 7 28 3 10 48 Batangas
Public Private
Non-
Opera-
tional
Opera-
tional
Commercial
Feeder Fishing
Total Province
12 134 24 37 33 52 146 CALABARZON
6 40 16 6 4 20 46 Quezon
0 36 0 2 26 8 36 Rizal
3 7 0 0 0 10 10 Laguna
2 4 1 1 0 4 6 Cavite
1 47 7 28 3 10 48 Batangas
Public Private
Non-
Opera-
tional
Opera-
tional
Commercial
Feeder Fishing
Total Province
78 78 78 78 78
79 79 79 79 79
4.1.3 Airports
The airport system in CALABARZON
is not extensive due to the regions
proximity to Metro Manila where the Ninoy
Aquino International Airport (NAIA) is
located. The regions airport system caters
only to general aviation type of operation.
General aviation is typically described as
all aviation other than scheduled
commercial flights and military aviation
such as unscheduled commercial
operations, corporate flight operations and private
aviation.
As of 2000, there are only eight (8) existing
and operational airports in the region as shown in
Table 2.36. These are classified into four (4) private,
three (3) feeder (public) airports and one (1) military
airport. Majority of these airports are located in
Quezon with two (2) feeder airports (1 public, 1
private) in Polillo Island, and one (1) feeder airport
each in Lucena, Alabat, and Pagbilao (private).
Batangas has two (2) private airports located in
Calatagan and Tanauan.
Aircaft and passenger movements in Jomalig
Airport (Polillo) have declined since 1996 to 2000
while its cargo traffic went down by 91 percent in
year 2000. Likewise, Lucena Airport has
registered its highest passenger traffic in
1998 and went down to zero in year 2000.
Only 6 aircraft movements were registered
in 2000.
The Fernando Airbase in Lipa City is
being proposed for conversion into a joint
military-civil airport facility. The Manila
International Airport Authority (MIAA) has
considered it as one of the possible
relocation sites for the NAIA general
aviation operations along with other
airports like Sangley in Cavite and
Diosdado Macapagal International Airport
(formerly Clark) in Region III.
4.1.4. Railways
The Philippine National Railways (PNR) has two
operational lines that traverse Laguna and Quezon,
namely, the long distance Passenger Service (Manila-
Legazpi) and the Commuter Service (Manila-Calamba
City). The two train services utilize a common track,
which has a total length of 480 kilometers. The
non-operational or abandoned line is the Calamba
City to Batangas route. The right-of-way (ROW) of
both operational and non-operational lines have been
proliferated by informal settlers.
For the past five years, the passenger traffic
of the long distance service has continually declined
Informal settlers (squatters_ proliferate in the ROW of PNR Lines
Table 2.35
Inventory of Airport as of 30 June 2000
CALABARZON, 2000
Military Batangas (Lipa City) Fernando Airbase 8.
Private Batangas (Calatagan) Calatagan-HAD Bigas 7.
Private Quezon(Polillo Island) Tordesillas(Balesin) 6.
Private Quezon(Pagbilao) Pagbilao Grande Island 5.
Private Batangas (Tanauan) Manni W. Barradas 4.
Feeder Quezon(LucenaCity) Lucena 3.
Feeder Quezon(PolilloIsland Jomalig 2.
Feeder Quezon(Alabat) Alabat 1.
Classification Location Airport
Table 2.35
CALABARZON, 2000
Table 2.35
CALABARZON, 2000
Table 2.35
CALABARZON, 2000
80 80 80 80 80
from 540,914 ridership in 1999 to 240,472 ridership
in 2003 as shown in Figure 2.45. On the other hand,
the ridership of the commuter service increased after
it was improved and modernized in 1995. However, it
declined by more than a million between 2002 to
2003. The decrease in ridership and low level of
service of the PNR railway system can be attributed
to the poor condition of the existing railway facilities
such as the trains, tracks, rail bridges, stations,
communication facilities, signaling equipment among
others. These facilities have deteriorated due to poor
maintenance. Hence, it has not been able to compete
with the road-based transportation that runs along
the Maharlika Highway parallel to the railway trucks.
81 81 81 81 81
82 82 82 82 82
4.2 Communications
Until the early 1990s,
the communication sub-sector
was faced with slow growth
due to the low investments in
the 1980s. To address this
problem, the government
allowed the entry of more
players through the
liberalization/deregulation
policy ushering a more
competitive environment in
the industry. During the last
ten years, policies, programs
and projects were successfully
implemented in pursuit of public access to improved
communication facilities and services.
4.2.1 Telecommunications
a. Telephone
Telephone services in the region are
provided mainly by 17 private telephone
companies, with PLDT, DIGITEL and PT & T
having the largest area coverage and to a
limited extent by the government thru the
Telecommunications Office (TelOf). As reforms
in the telecommunications sector were
instituted, services correspondingly improved.
The telephone density (teledensity) is the
number of telephone lines per 100 persons.
The regions teledensity (subscribed) in 2002
is 11.11(Figure 2.37). Of the five provinces in
the region, Quezon and Batangas had the
lowest teledensity at 3.71 and 10.43,
respectively. In contrast, Cavite, Laguna and
Rizal registered teledensities which are higher
than the regional mean.
The number of installed lines increased.
As of 1999, installed lines reached 961,571 to
1,035,524 in 2002
(see Table 2.36).
The regions
subscribed by 4.53
percent. But again
in Quezon, no new
installed lines were
recorded. Cavite,
Laguna and Rizal
have the highest
percentage of
municipalities with
telephone service
Figure 2.38
Teledensity by Province
2002
3.71
10.43
12.98
13.03
14.38
11.11
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00
QUEZON
BATANGAS
RIZAL
LAGUNA
CAVITE
CALABARZON
Figure 2.37
CALABARZON, 2002
Figure 2.38
2002
3.71
10.43
12.98
13.03
14.38
11.11
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00
QUEZON
BATANGAS
RIZAL
LAGUNA
CAVITE
CALABARZON
Figure 2.37
CALABARZON, 2002
83 83 83 83 83
at 91 percent, 80 percent, and 71 percent,
respectively.
In Table 2.36, subscribed telephone lines
(demand) fell short of installed telephone
lines (supply) both in 1999 and in 2002. Only
41.36 percent and 45.89 percent of the
installed lines in the region
were subscribed in 1999 and
2002, respectively. One cause
of under subscription may be
the lack of affordability to
telecommunication services,
particularly among low-
income households living in
the rural areas. Also, in Figure
2.38, there was a marked
decrease in telephone density
from 13.36 to 11.11.
b. Cellular Mobile
Telephone Service
(CMTS)
The cellular mobile
telephone service has
expanded at a rapid pace since
the deregulation of the sector
in the early 90s. This is due largely to increased
subscriber base because of the popularity of
short message service (more popularly known
as text messaging) system, particularly among
young cellular phone users. All provinces have
access to CMTS, but not to all municipalities
in the region.
84 84 84 84 84
4.2.2 Postal
Communication
The postal and other
related services in the
region are being provided
by private express and
messenger i al /cour i er
services (i.e., JRS and LBC)
and the government thru
the Philippine Postal
Corporation (Philpost). In
the case of Philpost, one
of its mandates is to serve
the unserved or
underserved areas, and
usually these are the
remote areas, which are
not financially viable for
private firms to cover.
Philpost Region IV serves all provinces in
CALABARZON. It has at least one post office in each
municipality. As of 2002, there are 167 post offices
in 142 municipalities in the region.
In rationalizing the postal system, non-viable
postal stations and mailing centers, which had to
be closed, were replaced with Barangay Post Offices
(BPOs). The establishment of BPOs was intensified,
from 11 in 1993 to 237 in 1999. Accordingly, mails
handled had increased by 10.76 percent or 47.4
million pieces of mails in 2000 to 52.5 million pieces
of mails in 2002 (see Table 2.38). It is also evident
that there is a big increase in revenues collected
from P182M in 2001 to P198M in 2002.
The Philpost, in its effort to continue
strengthening its mail delivery commitment and in
order to compete in an open market for the same
services has instituted measures supportive of
enhancing the quality of service. As a result, mail
delivery performance is within the acceptable
international standards.
The preparation for the eventual privatization
of Philpost is on going and feasibility study for its
privatization is now being conducted.
4.3 Water Resource Management
4.3.1 Irrigated Lands
It has been assumed that increased food
production will lead to higher levels of farmers
income, standards of living, and employment
opportunities in the rural areas. For these reasons,
food production relies heavily on the governments
irrigation program.
Irrigation development programs generated an
incremental irrigated area of about 16,200 hectares
from 1995 to 2002, increasing the total irrigated
area for the region from 48,832 hectares to about
65,032 hectares. This represents 72 percent of the
total potential irrigable area for the region of 90,032
hectares. A remarkable development was seen in
the province of Rizal. Batangas had the least
SOURCE: PPC-IV
Table 2.38
Postal Indicators
CALABARZON, CY 2000 -2002
88% 85% 85% (c ) inter-regional in 72 hours
93% 90% 85% (b) intra-regional in 48 hours
100% 96% 100% (a) w/in locality in 24 hours
Delivery Capability for Priority
Mails
Delivery Capability for Express
Mails
P 198,427,031.55 P 182,269,934.75 P 180,759,385.55 Revenues Collected
52,527,648 49,901,265 47,406,201 No. of Mails Handled
26 28 20 No. of Private Postal Stations
0 0 0 No. of Postal Stations
167 167 166 No. of Post Offices
2002 2001 2000 Performance Indicators
Mails
Mails
SOURCE: PPC-IV
Table 2.38
Postal Indicators
Mails
Mails
Mails
Mails
SOURCE: PPC-IV
Table 2.38
Postal Indicators
Mails
Mails
Mails
Mails
SOURCE: PPC-IV
Table 2.38
Postal Indicators
Mails
Mails
Mails
Mails
SOURCE: PPC-IV
Table 2.38
Postal Indicators
Mails
Mails
Mails
Mails
SOURCE: PPC-IV
Table 2.38
Postal Indicators
Mails
Mails
Mails
Mails
85 85 85 85 85
development under this category (see Figure 2.39).
To sustain the irrigation program, policies on
irrigation cost recovery have been implemented. The
operation and maintenance costs of National
Irrigation Systems (NIS) are recovered through the
collection of Irrigation Service Fees (ISF) from the
farmer-beneficiaries. There are direct construction
costs of Communal Irrigation Systems (CIS), which
are amortized by the farmer-beneficiaries on terms
agreed upon by them and NIA. Administrative Order
No. 17 of the NIA prescribes new, socialized ISF rates
for NIS and sets a minimum CIS amortization
payment. Under the AO, ISF billing is computed using
specified rates based on lot areas, with higher ISF
payables for larger farms than the small farms.
The Laguna de Bay Masterplan identifies the
Laguna de Bay Lake as a source of irrigation water.
The lake is considered capable of irrigating farmlands
in 28 lakeshore municipalities around the lake,
including some areas in adjacent Quezon and Cavite
provinces. The potential area of farmlands especially
riceland that can be irrigated year round using lake
water is estimated at 102,456 hectares. The
expansion of irrigation facilities for both existing
and potential areas used for the production of palay,
corn and other high value crops in Quezon and
lakeshore municipalities of Laguna de Bay can
therefore be focused and prioritized in these areas.
Quezon province has considerable areas for
agricultural expansion because of its relatively large
remaining NPAAAD. Relatedly, land conversion
activities need to be regulated closely and strictly
in these areas including those in the Laguna
lakeshore towns. This would mean current and
existing agricultural lands devoted especially for rice
and corn should be strictly maintained through
judicious implementation of relevant national and
local land use laws and policies such as
Comprehensive Land Use Plans (CLUPs) and relevant
land conversion laws.
Data on palay yield show a direct relationship
of production and irrigated area harvested. The
palay yield of irrigated area harvested is twice as
much that of rainfed. The average production for
irrigated area harvested is 4 metric tons per hectare
compared with rainfed which recorded 2 metric
Figure 2.40
Irri gati on Status by Province
56.4
53.0
50.5
34.2
39.0
50.0
81.3
80.5
72.7
71.5
51.9
72.2
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0
Cavite
Laguna
Quezon
Rizal
Batangas
CALABARZON
1996 2002
Table 2.39
Irrigation Status by Province
SOURCE: NIA
Figure 2.40
56.4
53.0
50.5
34.2
39.0
50.0
81.3
80.5
72.7
71.5
51.9
72.2
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0
Cavite
Laguna
Quezon
Rizal
Batangas
CALABARZON
1996 2002
Figure 2.39
SOURCE: NIA
Figure 2.40
56.4
53.0
50.5
34.2
39.0
50.0
81.3
80.5
72.7
71.5
51.9
72.2
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0
Cavite
Laguna
Quezon
Rizal
Batangas
CALABARZON
1996 2002
Table 2.39
SOURCE: NIA
Figure 2.40
56.4
53.0
50.5
34.2
39.0
50.0
81.3
80.5
72.7
71.5
51.9
72.2
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0
Cavite
Laguna
Quezon
Rizal
Batangas
CALABARZON
1996 2002
Figure 2.39
SOURCE: NIA
86 86 86 86 86
tons per hectare. Data also show that the total
area harvested for palay followed a declining
pattern with an average decline of 4.8 percent from
1997 to 2002.
4.3.2 Potable Water Supply
Data from the Master Plan Study on Water
Resources Management done by Japan International
Cooperation Agency (JICA) showed that the whole
of Region IV (includes 4A and 4B) has twice potential
water resources as compared to the water demand
in 2025 during high economic growth scenario. With
the separation of the two regions, studies focused
on some parts of CALABARZON indicate that the
region would face serious problems on supply of
potable water if measures are not put in place. The
Cavite-Laguna Urban Development and Environment
Management (CALA-UDEM) Study noted that the
densely populated towns in Bacoor, Cavite City,
Dasmarias, GMA, Kawit, Noveleta, and Rosario are
new beyond their carrying capacities. By 2005,
Cavite and the two municipalities of GMA and Rosario
will be exceeding their sustainable water carrying
capacity by two to three times. In 2015, Imus will
be joining these municipalities, and 2025 Carmona
and Naic will be among these municipalities with
Cavite City, GMA, Noveleta and Rosario exceeding
their carrying capacity 2-4 times.
In Laguna, Sta. Rosa and San Pedro have
exceeded their sustainable water carrying
capacities. In 2005, Bian will be utilizing
groundwater beyond its sustainable water carrying
capacity. Calamba will be joining these towns by
2015, while Cabuyao in 2025.
In the CALA Study are which includes 35
municipalities/cities of Cavite and Laguna, an
estimate of non-domestic requirement (commercial,
industrial, irrigation, etc) is now beyond 40 percent
of the total groundwater utilized. This rate will
further increase with the increase in
industrialization, land conversion and depletion of
forest reserves.
Golf courses have now emerged in the region
as one major users of water. A typical golf course in
the Philippines was estimated to consume 600,000
gallons per day or equivalent to water requirement
of 12,000 to 15,000 people a day . If water for the
golf course will be extracted from the same source
as that of servicing a town, the golf course water
requirement will match the requirements for 3-5
barangays.
* Computed total production divided by area harvested; unit is metric ton per hectare
Table 2.39
Palay Area Harvested, Production and Yield by Farm Type
(Production in Metric Tons; Area harvested in Hectares)
2 2 1 2 1 2 Rainfed
4 4 3 4 3 4 Irrigated
Yield*
76,979 70,735 49,759 76,889 52,009 77,648 Rainfed
300,534 325,265 326,680 351,026 267,541 300,823 Irrigated
377,513 396,000 376,439 427,915 319,550 378,471 Production
40,311 40,356 34,338 46,447 38,320 48,294 Rainfed
84,057 88,375 93,469 97,677 85,114 85,265 Irrigated
124,368 128,731 127,807 144,124 123,434 133,559 Area Harvested
2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Region / Province
FarmType
2 2 1 2 1 2 Rainfed
Yield*
76,979 70,735 49,759 76,889 52,009 77,648 Rainfed
300,534 325,265 326,680 351,026 267,541 300,823 Irrigated
377,513 396,000 376,439 427,915 319,550 378,471 Production
40,311 40,356 34,338 46,447 38,320 48,294 Rainfed
84,057 88,375 93,469 97,677 85,114 85,265 Irrigated
124,368 128,731 127,807 144,124 123,434 133,559 Area Harvested
2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Region / Province
FarmType
Table 2.39
2 2 1 2 1 2 Rainfed
Yield*
76,979 70,735 49,759 76,889 52,009 77,648 Rainfed
300,534 325,265 326,680 351,026 267,541 300,823 Irrigated
377,513 396,000 376,439 427,915 319,550 378,471 Production
40,311 40,356 34,338 46,447 38,320 48,294 Rainfed
84,057 88,375 93,469 97,677 85,114 85,265 Irrigated
124,368 128,731 127,807 144,124 123,434 133,559 Area Harvested
2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Region / Province
FarmType
2 2 1 2 1 2 Rainfed
Yield*
76,979 70,735 49,759 76,889 52,009 77,648 Rainfed
300,534 325,265 326,680 351,026 267,541 300,823 Irrigated
377,513 396,000 376,439 427,915 319,550 378,471 Production
40,311 40,356 34,338 46,447 38,320 48,294 Rainfed
84,057 88,375 93,469 97,677 85,114 85,265 Irrigated
124,368 128,731 127,807 144,124 123,434 133,559 Area Harvested
2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Region / Province
FarmType
Table 2.39
2 2 1 2 1 2 Rainfed
Yield*
76,979 70,735 49,759 76,889 52,009 77,648 Rainfed
300,534 325,265 326,680 351,026 267,541 300,823 Irrigated
377,513 396,000 376,439 427,915 319,550 378,471 Production
40,311 40,356 34,338 46,447 38,320 48,294 Rainfed
84,057 88,375 93,469 97,677 85,114 85,265 Irrigated
124,368 128,731 127,807 144,124 123,434 133,559 Area Harvested
2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Region / Province
FarmType
2 2 1 2 1 2 Rainfed
Yield*
76,979 70,735 49,759 76,889 52,009 77,648 Rainfed
300,534 325,265 326,680 351,026 267,541 300,823 Irrigated
377,513 396,000 376,439 427,915 319,550 378,471 Production
40,311 40,356 34,338 46,447 38,320 48,294 Rainfed
84,057 88,375 93,469 97,677 85,114 85,265 Irrigated
124,368 128,731 127,807 144,124 123,434 133,559 Area Harvested
2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Region / Province
FarmType
87 87 87 87 87
4.3.3 Water Supply (Household Level)
Data from the Census of Population and
Housing (CPH) of the NSO in 2000 approximates more
or less the targets indicated in the Provincial Water
Supply Sewerage and Sanitation Sector Plans as
shown in Table 2.40.
The CPH data show that Batangas, Cavite and
Laguna surpassed the targets set from 2000 while
the provinces of Quezon and Rizal were not able to
meet the targets. Note, however that the unit of
measure used in the Water and Sewerage Sector
Plans is in terms of population whole the CPH used
household.
Specifically, only 82.2 percent of the
households in the region as of 2000 are able to avail
83 85 82 Rizal
80 76 85 Quezon
83 85 80 Laguna
89 95 82 Cavite
77 75 80 Batangas
Total Rural Urban
%POPULATION
Province
83 85 82 Rizal
80 76 85 Quezon
83 85 80 Laguna
89 95 82 Cavite
77 75 80 Batangas
Total Rural Urban
%POPULATION
Province
Source: Provincial Water Supply Sewerage and
Sanitation Sector Plans
Table 2.40
Water Suppl y Coverage Targets by Province
CALABARZON, 2000
83 85 82 Rizal
80 76 85 Quezon
83 85 80 Laguna
89 95 82 Cavite
77 75 80 Batangas
Total Rural Urban
%POPULATION
Province
83 85 82 Rizal
80 76 85 Quezon
83 85 80 Laguna
89 95 82 Cavite
77 75 80 Batangas
Total Rural Urban
%POPULATION
Province
Source: Provincial Water Supply Sewerage and
Sanitation Sector Plans
Table 2.40
Water Suppl y Coverage Targets by Province
CALABARZON, 2000
i
SOURCE: NSO - Census of Population and Housing
Note: Others include dug well, spring, lake, river, rain, peddler, etc.
Table 2.41
Households by Main Source of Water Suppl y for Drinking and/ or Cooking
(Figures are estimated based on a 10% sample)
-10.1 9.4 0.6 -2.3 -2 -7 -0.2 Rizal
7.6 -10.4 2.7 2.3 2 1.5 1.7 Quezon
0.6 -1 0.3 -1.4 0.6 -5.9 7.1 Laguna
1.9 -1.1 -0.8 -2 1.5 -9.7 11.5 Cavite
2.6 -3 0.3 -7.9 -1.6 -4.6 16.8 Batangas
2.6 -2.8 0.2 -2.2 0.3 -4.8 8.8 CALABARZON
Percentage Points Difference
74.9 22.1 1.3 3 16.2 8 18.5 30.9 Rizal
60.6 30.1 0.1 9.2 14.1 7.8 20 18.6 Quezon
90.0 5.3 0.3 4.7 17.7 12.2 15.5 44.3 Laguna
92.2 4.5 0.6 3.2 14.2 11.1 20 46.3 Cavite
85.8 7.3 0 6.9 13 9.9 15.8 47.1 Batangas
82.2 12.7 0.5 5.2 15.1 10 17.9 38.7 CALABARZON
2000
85.0 12.7 NDA 2.3 18.4 10 25.5 31.1 Rizal
53.0 40.5 NDA 6.5 11.8 5.8 18.5 16.9 Quezon
89.4 6.3 NDA 4.4 19.1 11.6 21.4 37.3 Laguna
90.3 5.6 NDA 4.1 16.2 9.6 29.7 34.8 Cavite
83.2 10.3 NDA 6.6 21 11.5 20.4 30.3 Batangas
79.6 15.5 NDA 5 17.3 9.7 22.7 29.9 CALABARZON
(7) (6) (4)
Estimated %of
HHw/ Potable
Water
(8) =
1+2+3+4+6
Dug Well Bottled
Water
Shared,
Tube/Pipe
Well
(2)
Shared
Faucet
Community
Water
System
Community
Province
-10.1 9.4 0.6 -2.3 -2 -7 -0.2 Rizal
7.6 -10.4 2.7 2.3 2 1.5 1.7 Quezon
0.6 -1 0.3 -1.4 0.6 -5.9 7.1 Laguna
1.9 -1.1 -0.8 -2 1.5 -9.7 11.5 Cavite
2.6 -3 0.3 -7.9 -1.6 -4.6 16.8 Batangas
2.6 -2.8 0.2 -2.2 0.3 -4.8 8.8 CALABARZON
74.9 22.1 1.3 3 16.2 8 18.5 30.9 Rizal
60.6 30.1 0.1 9.2 14.1 7.8 20 18.6 Quezon
90.0 5.3 0.3 4.7 17.7 12.2 15.5 44.3 Laguna
92.2 4.5 0.6 3.2 14.2 11.1 20 46.3 Cavite
85.8 7.3 0 6.9 13 9.9 15.8 47.1 Batangas
82.2 12.7 0.5 5.2 15.1 10 17.9 38.7 CALABARZON
2000
85.0 12.7 NDA 2.3 18.4 10 25.5 31.1 Rizal
53.0 40.5 NDA 6.5 11.8 5.8 18.5 16.9 Quezon
89.4 6.3 NDA 4.4 19.1 11.6 21.4 37.3 Laguna
90.3 5.6 NDA 4.1 16.2 9.6 29.7 34.8 Cavite
83.2 10.3 NDA 6.6 21 11.5 20.4 30.3 Batangas
79.6 15.5 NDA 5 17.3 9.7 22.7 29.9 CALABARZON
(7) (6) (4)
Estimated %of
HHw/ Potable
Water
(8) =
1+2+3+4+6
Dug Well Bottled
Water
Shared,
Tube/Pipe
Well
Province
Table 2.41
-10.1 9.4 0.6 -2.3 -2 -7 -0.2 Rizal
7.6 -10.4 2.7 2.3 2 1.5 1.7 Quezon
0.6 -1 0.3 -1.4 0.6 -5.9 7.1 Laguna
1.9 -1.1 -0.8 -2 1.5 -9.7 11.5 Cavite
2.6 -3 0.3 -7.9 -1.6 -4.6 16.8 Batangas
2.6 -2.8 0.2 -2.2 0.3 -4.8 8.8 CALABARZON
74.9 22.1 1.3 3 16.2 8 18.5 30.9 Rizal
60.6 30.1 0.1 9.2 14.1 7.8 20 18.6 Quezon
90.0 5.3 0.3 4.7 17.7 12.2 15.5 44.3 Laguna
92.2 4.5 0.6 3.2 14.2 11.1 20 46.3 Cavite
85.8 7.3 0 6.9 13 9.9 15.8 47.1 Batangas
82.2 12.7 0.5 5.2 15.1 10 17.9 38.7 CALABARZON
2000
85.0 12.7 NDA 2.3 18.4 10 25.5 31.1 Rizal
53.0
Table 2.41
-10.1 9.4 0.6 -2.3 -2 -7 -0.2 Rizal
7.6 -10.4 2.7 2.3 2 1.5 1.7 Quezon
0.6 -1 0.3 -1.4 0.6 -5.9 7.1 Laguna
1.9 -1.1 -0.8 -2 1.5 -9.7 11.5 Cavite
2.6 -3 0.3 -7.9 -1.6 -4.6 16.8 Batangas
2.6 -2.8 0.2 -2.2 0.3 -4.8 8.8 CALABARZON
74.9 22.1 1.3 3 16.2 8 18.5 30.9 Rizal
60.6 30.1 0.1 9.2 14.1 7.8 20 18.6 Quezon
90.0 5.3 0.3 4.7 17.7 12.2 15.5 44.3 Laguna
92.2 4.5 0.6 3.2 14.2 11.1 20 46.3 Cavite
85.8 7.3 0 6.9 13 9.9 15.8 47.1 Batangas
82.2 12.7 0.5 5.2 15.1 10 17.9 38.7 CALABARZON
2000
85.0 12.7 NDA 2.3 18.4 10 25.5 31.1 Rizal
53.0 40.5 NDA 6.5 11.8 5.8 18.5 16.9 Quezon
89.4 6.3 NDA 4.4 19.1 11.6 21.4 37.3 Laguna
90.3 5.6 NDA 4.1 16.2 9.6 29.7 34.8 Cavite
83.2 10.3 NDA 6.6 21 11.5 20.4 30.3 Batangas
79.6 15.5 NDA 5 17.3 9.7 22.7 29.9 CALABARZON
(7) (6) (4)
Estimated %of
HHw/ Potable
Water
(8) =
1+2+3+4+6
Dug Well Bottled
Water
Shared,
Tube/Pipe
Well
Province
-10.1 9.4 0.6 -2.3 -2 -7 -0.2 Rizal
7.6 -10.4 2.7 2.3 2 1.5 1.7 Quezon
0.6 -1 0.3 -1.4 0.6 -5.9 7.1 Laguna
40.5 NDA 6.5 11.8 5.8 18.5 16.9 Quezon
89.4 6.3 NDA 4.4 19.1 11.6 21.4 37.3 Laguna
90.3 5.6 NDA 4.1 16.2 9.6 29.7 34.8 Cavite
83.2 10.3 NDA 6.6 21 11.5 20.4 30.3 Batangas
79.6 15.5 NDA 5 17.3 9.7 22.7 29.9 CALABARZON
1990 1990 1990 1990
(7) (6) (4)
Estimated %of
HHw/ Potable
Water
(8) =
1+2+3+4+6
Dug Well Bottled
Water
Shared,
Tube/Pipe
Well
Province
-10.1 9.4 0.6 -2.3 -2 -7 -0.2 Rizal
7.6 -10.4 2.7 2.3 2 1.5 1.7 Quezon
0.6 -1 0.3 -1.4 0.6 -5.9 7.1 Laguna
1.9 -1.1 -0.8 -2 1.5 -9.7 11.5 Cavite
2.6 -3 0.3 -7.9 -1.6 -4.6 16.8 Batangas
2.6 -2.8 0.2 -2.2 0.3 -4.8 8.8 CALABARZON
74.9 22.1 1.3 3 16.2 8 18.5 30.9 Rizal
60.6 30.1 0.1 9.2 14.1 7.8 20 18.6 Quezon
90.0 5.3 0.3 4.7 17.7 12.2 15.5 44.3 Laguna
92.2 4.5 0.6 3.2 14.2 11.1 20 46.3 Cavite
85.8 7.3 0 6.9 13 9.9 15.8 47.1 Batangas
82.2 12.7 0.5 5.2 15.1 10 17.9 38.7 CALABARZON
2000
85.0 12.7 NDA 2.3 18.4 10 25.5 31.1 Rizal
53.0 40.5 NDA 6.5 11.8 5.8 18.5 16.9 Quezon
89.4 6.3 NDA 4.4 19.1 11.6 21.4 37.3 Laguna
90.3 5.6 NDA 4.1 16.2 9.6 29.7 34.8 Cavite
83.2 10.3 NDA 6.6 21 11.5 20.4 30.3 Batangas
79.6
1.9 -1.1 -0.8 -2 1.5 -9.7 11.5 Cavite
2.6 -3 0.3 -7.9 -1.6 -4.6 16.8 Batangas
2.6 -2.8 0.2 -2.2 0.3 -4.8 8.8 CALABARZON
74.9 22.1 1.3 3 16.2 8 18.5 30.9 Rizal
60.6 30.1 0.1 9.2 14.1 7.8 20 18.6 Quezon
90.0 5.3 0.3 4.7 17.7 12.2 15.5 44.3 Laguna
92.2 4.5 0.6 3.2 14.2 11.1 20 46.3 Cavite
85.8 7.3 0 6.9 13 9.9 15.8 47.1 Batangas
82.2 12.7 0.5 5.2 15.1 10 17.9 38.7 CALABARZON
2000
85.0 12.7 NDA 2.3 18.4 10 25.5 31.1 Rizal
53.0 40.5 NDA 6.5 11.8 5.8 18.5 16.9 Quezon
89.4 6.3 NDA 4.4 19.1 11.6 21.4 37.3 Laguna
90.3 5.6 NDA 4.1 16.2 9.6 29.7 34.8 Cavite
83.2 10.3 NDA 6.6 21 11.5 20.4 30.3 Batangas
79.6 15.5 NDA 5 17.3 9.7 22.7 29.9 CALABARZON
(7) (6)
Estimated %of
HHw/ Potable
Water
(8) =
1+2+3+4+6
Dug Well Bottled
Water
(5)
Tubed/
Piped
Shallow
Well
(5)
Tubed/
Piped
Shallow
Well
(5)
Tubed/
Piped
Shallow
Well
(5)
Tubed/
Piped
Shallow
Well
(5)
Tubed/
Piped
Shallow
Well
Deep
(4)
Shared,
Tube/Pipe
Well
(3)
Own Use,
Tube/Pipe
Well
(3)
Own Use,
Tube/Pipe
Well
(3)
Own Use,
Tube/Pipe
Well
(3)
Own Use,
Tube/Pipe
Deep
Well
(3)
Own Use,
Tube/Pipe
Well
(1)
Own Use,
Faucet,
Water
System
(1)
Own Use,
Faucet,
System
(1)
Own Use,
Faucet,
System
(1)
Own Use,
Faucet,
System
(1)
Own Use,
Faucet,
System
Province
Table 2.41
-10.1 9.4 0.6 -2.3 -2 -7 -0.2 Rizal
7.6 -10.4 2.7 2.3 2 1.5 1.7 Quezon
0.6 -1 0.3 -1.4 0.6 -5.9 7.1 Laguna
1.9 -1.1 -0.8 -2 1.5 -9.7 11.5 Cavite
2.6 -3 0.3 -7.9 -1.6 -4.6 16.8 Batangas
2.6 -2.8 0.2 -2.2 0.3 -4.8 8.8 CALABARZON
74.9 22.1 1.3 3 16.2 8 18.5 30.9 Rizal
60.6 30.1 0.1 9.2 14.1 7.8 20 18.6 Quezon
90.0 5.3 0.3 4.7 17.7 12.2 15.5 44.3 Laguna
92.2 4.5 0.6 3.2 14.2 11.1 20 46.3 Cavite
85.8 7.3 0 6.9 13 9.9 15.8 47.1 Batangas
82.2 12.7 0.5 5.2 15.1 10 17.9 38.7 CALABARZON
2000
85.0 12.7 NDA 2.3 18.4 10 25.5 31.1 Rizal
53.0 40.5 NDA 6.5 11.8 5.8 18.5 16.9 Quezon
89.4 6.3 NDA 4.4 19.1 11.6 21.4 37.3 Laguna
90.3 5.6 NDA 4.1 16.2 9.6 29.7 34.8 Cavite
83.2 10.3 NDA 6.6 21 11.5 20.4 30.3 Batangas
79.6 15.5 NDA 5 17.3 9.7 22.7 29.9 CALABARZON
(7) (6) (4)
Estimated %of
HHw/ Potable
Water
(8) =
1+2+3+4+6
Dug Well Bottled
Water
Shared,
Tube/Pipe
Well
(2)
Shared
Faucet
Community
Water
System
(2)
Shared
Faucet
Community
Water
System
Community
Province
-10.1 9.4 0.6 -2.3 -2 -7 -0.2 Rizal
7.6 -10.4 2.7 2.3 2 1.5 1.7 Quezon
0.6 -1 0.3 -1.4 0.6 -5.9 7.1 Laguna
1.9 -1.1 -0.8 -2 1.5 -9.7 11.5 Cavite
2.6 -3 0.3 -7.9 -1.6 -4.6 16.8 Batangas
2.6 -2.8 0.2 -2.2 0.3 -4.8 8.8 CALABARZON
74.9 22.1 1.3 3 16.2 8 18.5 30.9 Rizal
60.6 30.1 0.1 9.2 14.1 7.8 20 18.6 Quezon
90.0 5.3 0.3 4.7 17.7 12.2 15.5 44.3 Laguna
92.2 4.5 0.6 3.2 14.2 11.1 20 46.3 Cavite
85.8 7.3 0 6.9 13 9.9 15.8 47.1 Batangas
82.2 12.7 0.5 5.2 15.1 10 17.9 38.7 CALABARZON
2000
85.0 12.7 NDA 2.3 18.4 10 25.5 31.1 Rizal
53.0 40.5 NDA 6.5 11.8 5.8 18.5 16.9 Quezon
89.4 6.3 NDA 4.4 19.1 11.6 21.4 37.3 Laguna
90.3 5.6 NDA 4.1 16.2 9.6 29.7 34.8 Cavite
83.2 10.3 NDA 6.6 21 11.5 20.4 30.3 Batangas
79.6 15.5 NDA 5 17.3 9.7 22.7 29.9 CALABARZON
(7) (6) (4)
Estimated %of
HHw/ Potable
Water
(8) =
1+2+3+4+6
Dug Well Bottled
Water
Shared,
Tube/Pipe
Well
Province
Table 2.41
-10.1 9.4 0.6 -2.3 -2 -7 -0.2 Rizal
7.6 -10.4 2.7 2.3 2 1.5 1.7 Quezon
0.6 -1 0.3 -1.4 0.6 -5.9 7.1 Laguna
1.9 -1.1 -0.8 -2 1.5 -9.7 11.5 Cavite
2.6 -3 0.3 -7.9 -1.6 -4.6 16.8 Batangas
2.6 -2.8 0.2 -2.2 0.3 -4.8 8.8 CALABARZON
74.9 22.1 1.3 3 16.2 8 18.5 30.9 Rizal
60.6 30.1 0.1 9.2 14.1 7.8 20 18.6 Quezon
90.0 5.3 0.3 4.7 17.7 12.2 15.5 44.3 Laguna
92.2 4.5 0.6 3.2 14.2 11.1 20 46.3 Cavite
85.8 7.3 0 6.9 13 9.9 15.8 47.1 Batangas
82.2 12.7 0.5 5.2 15.1 10 17.9 38.7 CALABARZON
2000
85.0 12.7 NDA 2.3 18.4 10 25.5 31.1 Rizal
53.0
Table 2.41
-10.1 9.4 0.6 -2.3 -2 -7 -0.2 Rizal
7.6 -10.4 2.7 2.3 2 1.5 1.7 Quezon
0.6 -1 0.3 -1.4 0.6 -5.9 7.1 Laguna
1.9 -1.1 -0.8 -2 1.5 -9.7 11.5 Cavite
2.6 -3 0.3 -7.9 -1.6 -4.6 16.8 Batangas
2.6 -2.8 0.2 -2.2 0.3 -4.8 8.8 CALABARZON
74.9 22.1 1.3 3 16.2 8 18.5 30.9 Rizal
60.6 30.1 0.1 9.2 14.1 7.8 20 18.6 Quezon
90.0 5.3 0.3 4.7 17.7 12.2 15.5 44.3 Laguna
92.2 4.5 0.6 3.2 14.2 11.1 20 46.3 Cavite
85.8 7.3 0 6.9 13 9.9 15.8 47.1 Batangas
82.2 12.7 0.5 5.2 15.1 10 17.9 38.7 CALABARZON
2000
85.0 12.7 NDA 2.3 18.4 10 25.5 31.1 Rizal
53.0 40.5 NDA 6.5 11.8 5.8 18.5 16.9 Quezon
89.4 6.3 NDA 4.4 19.1 11.6 21.4 37.3 Laguna
90.3 5.6 NDA 4.1 16.2 9.6 29.7 34.8 Cavite
83.2 10.3 NDA 6.6 21 11.5 20.4 30.3 Batangas
79.6 15.5 NDA 5 17.3 9.7 22.7 29.9 CALABARZON
(7) (6) (4)
Estimated %of
HHw/ Potable
Water
(8) =
1+2+3+4+6
Dug Well Bottled
Water
Shared,
Tube/Pipe
Well
Province
-10.1 9.4 0.6 -2.3 -2 -7 -0.2 Rizal
7.6 -10.4 2.7 2.3 2 1.5 1.7 Quezon
0.6 -1 0.3 -1.4 0.6 -5.9 7.1 Laguna
40.5 NDA 6.5 11.8 5.8 18.5 16.9 Quezon
89.4 6.3 NDA 4.4 19.1 11.6 21.4 37.3 Laguna
90.3 5.6 NDA 4.1 16.2 9.6 29.7 34.8 Cavite
83.2 10.3 NDA 6.6 21 11.5 20.4 30.3 Batangas
79.6 15.5 NDA 5 17.3 9.7 22.7 29.9 CALABARZON
1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990
(7) (6) (4)
Estimated %of
HHw/ Potable
Water
(8) =
1+2+3+4+6
Dug Well Bottled
Water
Shared,
Tube/Pipe
Well
Province
-10.1 9.4 0.6 -2.3 -2 -7 -0.2 Rizal
7.6 -10.4 2.7 2.3 2 1.5 1.7 Quezon
0.6 -1 0.3 -1.4 0.6 -5.9 7.1 Laguna
1.9 -1.1 -0.8 -2 1.5 -9.7 11.5 Cavite
2.6 -3 0.3 -7.9 -1.6 -4.6 16.8 Batangas
2.6 -2.8 0.2 -2.2 0.3 -4.8 8.8 CALABARZON
74.9 22.1 1.3 3 16.2 8 18.5 30.9 Rizal
60.6 30.1 0.1 9.2 14.1 7.8 20 18.6 Quezon
90.0 5.3 0.3 4.7 17.7 12.2 15.5 44.3 Laguna
92.2 4.5 0.6 3.2 14.2 11.1 20 46.3 Cavite
85.8 7.3 0 6.9 13 9.9 15.8 47.1 Batangas
82.2 12.7 0.5 5.2 15.1 10 17.9 38.7 CALABARZON
2000
85.0 12.7 NDA 2.3 18.4 10 25.5 31.1 Rizal
53.0 40.5 NDA 6.5 11.8 5.8 18.5 16.9 Quezon
89.4 6.3 NDA 4.4 19.1 11.6 21.4 37.3 Laguna
90.3 5.6 NDA 4.1 16.2 9.6 29.7 34.8 Cavite
83.2 10.3 NDA 6.6 21 11.5 20.4 30.3 Batangas
79.6
1.9 -1.1 -0.8 -2 1.5 -9.7 11.5 Cavite
2.6 -3 0.3 -7.9 -1.6 -4.6 16.8 Batangas
2.6 -2.8 0.2 -2.2 0.3 -4.8 8.8 CALABARZON
74.9 22.1 1.3 3 16.2 8 18.5 30.9 Rizal
60.6 30.1 0.1 9.2 14.1 7.8 20 18.6 Quezon
90.0 5.3 0.3 4.7 17.7 12.2 15.5 44.3 Laguna
92.2 4.5 0.6 3.2 14.2 11.1 20 46.3 Cavite
85.8 7.3 0 6.9 13 9.9 15.8 47.1 Batangas
82.2 12.7 0.5 5.2 15.1 10 17.9 38.7 CALABARZON
2000
85.0 12.7 NDA 2.3 18.4 10 25.5 31.1 Rizal
53.0 40.5 NDA 6.5 11.8 5.8 18.5 16.9 Quezon
89.4 6.3 NDA 4.4 19.1 11.6 21.4 37.3 Laguna
90.3 5.6 NDA 4.1 16.2 9.6 29.7 34.8 Cavite
83.2 10.3 NDA 6.6 21 11.5 20.4 30.3 Batangas
79.6 15.5 NDA 5 17.3 9.7 22.7 29.9 CALABARZON
(7) (6)
Estimated %of
HHw/ Potable
Water
(8) =
1+2+3+4+6
Dug Well Bottled
Water
(5)
Tubed/
Piped
Shallow
Well
(5)
Tubed/
Piped
Shallow
Well
(5)
Tubed/
Piped
Shallow
Well
(5)
Tubed/
Piped
Shallow
Well
(5)
Tubed/
Piped
Shallow
Well
(5)
Tubed/
Piped
Shallow
Well
(5)
Tubed/
Piped
Shallow
Well
(5)
Tubed/
Piped
Shallow
Well
(5)
Tubed/
Piped
Shallow
Well
(5)
Tubed/
Piped
Shallow
Well
Deep
(4)
Shared,
Tube/Pipe
Well
Deep
(4)
Shared,
Tube/Pipe
Well
(3)
Own Use,
Tube/Pipe
Well
(3)
Own Use,
Tube/Pipe
Well
(3)
Own Use,
Tube/Pipe
Well
(3)
Own Use,
Tube/Pipe
Deep
Well
(3)
Own Use,
Tube/Pipe
Well
(3)
Own Use,
Tube/Pipe
Well
(3)
Own Use,
Tube/Pipe
Well
(3)
Own Use,
Tube/Pipe
Well
(3)
Own Use,
Tube/Pipe
Deep
Well
(3)
Own Use,
Tube/Pipe
Well
(1)
Own Use,
Faucet,
Water
System
(1)
Own Use,
Faucet,
System
(1)
Own Use,
Faucet,
System
(1)
Own Use,
Faucet,
System
(1)
Own Use,
Faucet,
System
(1)
Own Use,
Faucet,
Water
System
(1)
Own Use,
Faucet,
System
(1)
Own Use,
Faucet,
System
(1)
Own Use,
Faucet,
System
(1)
Own Use,
Faucet,
System
Province
88 88 88 88 88
of potable water. The improvement from the 1990
data was only 2.6 percentage points. By province ,
Cavite and Laguna recorded the highest with 92 and
90 percent, respectively, while Rizal and Quezon the
lowest with 75 and 61 percent, respectively (Table
2.43). The following are included in the definition
of potable water source: (a) Own use, faucet,
community water system; (b) Shared faucet,
Community Water Supply; (c) Own use, tubed/piped,
deep well; and (d) Bottled water. The need to address
the problem on access cannot be overemphasized.
The high percentage of households with
potable water in the provinces of Cavite and Laguna
may be attributed to the presence of subdivisions
that usually supply their clients with potable water
generated from deep well. While the subdivisions
are provided with potable water, concerns are raised
on the uncontrolled ground water extraction which
might bring about environment problems such as salt
water intrusion.
4.3.4 Summary of Issues/Concerns on Water
Other water issues cited in the CALA report
includes water contamination,. Obsolete water
supply facilities, salt and lake water intrusion,
among other. Table 2.42 summarizes some of the
water issues/problems raised by LGUs of the CALA
area. These problems of LGUs covered in study are
believed to reflect the issues and concerns of other
LGUs in the region:
4.3.5 Flood Control And Drainage
The Department of Public Works and Highways
(DPWH) is responsible for planning and
implementation of the flood control and drainage
projects in the country. Most of the projects
implemented by the DPWH are small-scale flood
control projects but these tend to be more
appropriate for the flood prone areas in the region.
.
4.4 Power/Electrification
4.4.1 Power Generation
The strategic location of CALABARZON prov-
inces and their potential for power generation have
been fully utilized by the power sector in the man-
Table 2.42
Summary of Water Issues/Problems of CALA Covered LGUs
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Rural areas of CALA Social concept on water tariff
Urban areas of CALA Contamination/Pollution from industrial areas
ALL CALA study areas Uncontolledextraction
Calamba, Sta. Rosa and Cabuyao Organizational and jurisdictional conflict on the source
Los Baos, Calamba, Cabuyaoand Santa Rosa Lakewater intrusion/contamination
San Pablo City, Alaminos Need to tap new water source
Nagcarlan, Rizal (Laguna) and Liliw Inability to expand water service, regular disinfection
Rosario, Noveleta, Bacoor, Kawit, Imus, CaviteCity, Cavinti,
Luisiana, Magdalena Majayjay
Obsolete/dilapidated water distribution system
Carmona, Silang, Dasmarias, GMA Excessive drawdown and depletion of water source
Kawit, Imus, CaviteCity, Noveleta, Rosario, Bacoor and
Tanza
Saltwater intrusion
Tanza, Naic, Gen.Trias, TreceMartirez, Dasmarias, GMA Urbanization invites over pumping
Silang, Amadeo, Indang, Mendez, Alfonso, Gen. Emilio
Aguinaldo, Magallanesand Tagaytay City
No coordination and clear measures for conservation
and preservation watersheds
SAMPLE LGUsMANIFESTING IDENTIFIEDPROBLEM ISSUES /PROBLEMS
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Tanza
Saltwater intrusion
Table 2.42
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Tanza
Saltwater intrusion
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Rosario, Noveleta
Table 2.42
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Tanza
Saltwater intrusion
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Tanza
Saltwater intrusion
89 89 89 89 89
ner that it feeds to the Luzon Grid system. Major
power plants have been located in the
CALABARZON area for 20 years or even earlier. It
was also the prime location for power plants built
mostly through private sector initiative in re-
sponse to the power crisis that the country faced
in 1992 and 1993. It was then that the private
sector was vigorously invited to invest and par-
ticipate in power generation to accelerate ca-
pacity augmentation.
In 2002, CALABARZON is generating a total
of 6,853,684 MW representing a little more than
50 percent power supply of the Luzon Grid (Fig-
ure 2.40). Fifty percent of generated power in
the region is from Batangas (Figure 2.41). The
other 50 percent is accounted for by Laguna (22
%), Quezon (18 %), Rizal (9 %) and Cavite (1 %).
The Magellan Cogen which is located in Rosario
is the only Power in Cavite Province.
Of the total power generated in
CALABARZON, 1,804 MW is a coal produced power,
1,103.5 MW from hydropower, 425.73 MW from
geothermal, 820,454 MW from oil, and 2,700 MW
from Natural gas (Table 2.44 Hydro and geother-
mal power plants are located in Laguna. Batangas
hosts natural gas power plants which serve as base
load power plants of Malampaya gas in Palawan.
Coal fired power plants are in Quezon and
Batangas while oil-fed power plants are in Quezon
and Rizal.
The coal and oil power plants are located near
the shores thereby having safe access by sea
Table 2.43
Flood Prone Areas in CALABARZON
Rodriguez San Mateo Tanay Cainta Rizal
Gumaca Catanauan Mulanay San Andres Tayabas Agdiangan
Pitogo Real Mauban LucenaCity Sariaya Tiaong
Atimonan Plaridel Sampaloc Perez Alabat Mauban
Pagbilao Gen. Nakar Infanta Unisan Buenavista Calauan San Narciso
Candelaria Macalelon Lopez Tagcawayan Quezon P. Burgos San Francisco
Quezon
Kalayaan StaCruz Lumban Pangil Mabitac Sta Rosa
Bay Pila Siniloan Pakit Calamba Victoria
Famy Liliw Paete Los Baos Pagsanjan Sta Maria
Laguna
Kawit Bacoor Naic Rosario Noveleta Cavite City Cavite
Laurel Balayan Talisay Lemery Batangas City Nasugbu Batangas
Quezon
Laguna
Table 2.43
Quezon
Laguna
Pitogo Real
Table 2.43
Quezon
Laguna
Quezon
Laguna
90 90 90 90 90
2.42
91 91 91 91 91
transportation. At the same time, CALABARZON
continued to reap the benefits from indigenous
natural gas. The natural gas industry represents 40
percent of the power generation mix in the region.
Natural gas is also developed not only for power
generation purposes but also for non-power like fuel
for the transportation sector.
The presence of power plants has been
beneficial to the host municipalities and the city of
Batangas in terms of providing employment to the
populace and also increasing incomes of said
municipalities and city. Data indicate that the host
municipalities have usually higher proportion of
incomes derived from tax revenues.
4.4.2 Energization of Municipalities and Cities
by Service Provider
In electrification, as of year 2000, the
municipalities/cities of the region are now fully
energized with the energization rate at 100 percent
being serviced by electric cooperatives, Meralco,
municipal system and other system provider. The
electric cooperatives through the National
Electrification Administration (NEA) covers 57
municipalities/cities in the region for the province
of Laguna, Batangas, and Quezon. The MERALCO
covers 70 municipalities/cities in the region. The
municipal system covers 1 municipality in the province
of Batangas and the other system covers only 1
municipality in Batangas (Table 2.45).
4.4.3 Energization of Barangays
Per data from NEA and the
Provincial Planning and Development
Offices, only 69 out of the total 4,009
barangays in the region were not
energized. This put the regions status
of barangay electrification in 2003 at
98.20 percent. In terms of customer
connections only 410,185 out if the
504,000 potential connections or 81.4
percent customers were connected.
Of the 69 barangays not yet
energized in CALABARZON, 34 are in the
province of Laguna, 17 in Quezon, 11 in
Rizal and seven in Batangas. In Cavite,
all of the barangays are energized. Non-
energization is due to lack of funds,
accessibility, and right-of-way
acquisition problems. Most of these
barangays are on mountainous areas. In
terms of potential power connections,
there are still about 19 percent of the
total potential connections yet to be
served.
Table 2.44
Power Plant by Location, Type and Capacity
CALABARZON, 2004
440 - do - Mauban, Quezon 25. QuezonPP
764 - do - Pagbilao, Quezon 24. PagbilaoCoal-Fired 1 & 2
300 - do - - do - 23. CalacaII
300 Coal Calaca, Batangas 22. CalacaI
15.73 - do - Bay, Laguna 21. MB Ormat 1 to 6
40 - do - - do - 20. MakbanUnit 9 and 10
110 Geothermal Calauan, Laguna 16. MakbanUnit 1 and 2
708 - do - - do - 15. Kalayaan1 to 4
300 Kalayaan, Laguna 14. Kalayaan
23.5 - do - - do - 13. Caliraya1 & 2
32 - do - Lumban, Laguna 12. Caliraya
17 - do - - do - 11. Botocanhe
23 Hydro Kalayaan, Laguna 10. Botocan1 to 3
1,000 - do - - do - 9. Santa Rita
500 - do - - do - 8. San Lorenzo
1,200 Natural Gas - do - 7. Ilijan1 to 6
1.748 - do - Polillo, Quezon 6. PolilloDPP
105 - do - BatangasCity,
Batangas
5. PinamuklanDiesel Enron
0.326 - do - Patnanungan,
Quezon
4. PatnanunganDPP
650 - do - Pililla, Rizal 3. Malaya/Kepco1 & 2
63 - do - Rosario, Cavite 2. Magellan Cogen
0.30 Oil Joalig, Quezon 1. JomaligDPP
Capacity
(MW)
Type Location Name of Power Plant
708 - do - - do - 15. Kalayaan1 to 4
23.5 - do - - do - 13. Caliraya1 & 2
1,000 - do - - do - 9. Santa Rita
Batangas
Quezon
4. PatnanunganDPP
Capacity
(MW)
Table 2.44
CALABARZON, 2004
708 - do - - do - 15. Kalayaan1 to 4
23.5 - do - - do - 13. Caliraya1 & 2
1,000 - do - - do - 9. Santa Rita
Table 2.44
CALABARZON, 2004
708 - do - - do - 15. Kalayaan1 to 4
23.5 - do - - do - 13. Caliraya1 & 2
1,000 - do - - do - 9. Santa Rita
Batangas
Quezon
4. PatnanunganDPP
Capacity
(MW)
110 - do -
Batangas
Quezon
4. PatnanunganDPP
Capacity
(MW)
708 - do - - do - 15. Kalayaan1 to 4
23.5 - do - - do - 13. Caliraya1 & 2
1,000 - do - - do - 9. Santa Rita
Batangas
Quezon
4. PatnanunganDPP
Capacity
(MW)
92 92 92 92 92
4.4.4 Households Using
Electricity for
Lighting and Cooking
At the household level, the
Census of Population and Housing
data show a declining percentage
of households using electricity, i e.
from 98.6 percent in 1990 to 86.5
percent in 2000. All the provinces
experience decline with Quezon
posting the highest decrease. The
percentage of households using
electricity for cooking, however,
increased by almost ine half. By
province, Cavite and Laguna lead
the other provinces in terms of the
highest percentage of households
with electricity while Quezon lags behind (Table 2.46)
93 93 93 93 93
4.5 Social Infrastructure
4.5.1 Health Facilities
On health facilities, as of 2000 the region has
a total of 226 hospitals, 64 of which are government
and 162 are private hospitals. These hospitals have
a total bed capacity of 7,509, yielding a ratio of 1
bed per 1,317 population. Other health facilities
available are Barangay Health Stations (1,844) and
Regional Health Units (203) giving ratios of 1 per
5,363 population and 1 per 48,720 population,
respectively.
Figure 2.43 shows that tertiary hospitals are
mostly located in the catchment areas because of
economies of scale thus depriving the 4
th
to 6
th
class
municipalities. Given this, there is a need to
strengthen the referral system and upgrading the
capacities of district hospitals on the provision of
higher levels of health services.
4.5.2 Basic Education Facilities and Manpower
The increase in population have also resulted
to the construction of more classrooms and school
building to accommodate incoming pupils for
elementary and
secondary level. Table
17 shows the
comparison of the
number of schools in
elementary and
secondary level from
SY 1996 1997 to SY
2000 2001. Within
the span of five years
there were only 59
schools added for the
elementary level or a
percentage increase of
2.3 percent. Among
the divisions, Rizal
posted the highest
increase while there was no additional school in
Lucena City.
The secondary level showed sharp increase at
29.6 percent. By division Rizal registered the highest
increase at 125 percent followed by Quezon and
Cavite with 53 and 24 percent, respectively. One
secondary school closed in Cavite City while there
were no additional high schools in Lipa City and
Lucena City.
The modest increase in the number of schools
at the elementary level and notable increase at the
secondary level was not sufficient to cater to the
rapid increase in school-age population as shown by
large classroom sizes and high class-classroom ratios
at both levels especially in the catchment areas.
Data from SY 1994-1995 to SY 2000-2001 show
that the regional average of class to classroom ratio
was more than one indicating that there were more
classes that the elementary classroom available. The
cities have generally higher class-classroom ratios
compared to the provinces (Table 2.47).
The need for more classrooms is more
pronounced at the secondary level given the large
SOURCE: DepEd IV-A
Table 2.47
Number of Schools in Elementary and Secondary Level
CALABARZON, SY 1996-1997, SY 2001-2002
29.62 2.33 442 2,586 341 2,527 CALABARZON
14.29 3.17 8 65 7 63 San Pablo City
0.00 0.00 2 39 2 39 LucenaCity
-50.00 8.33 1 13 2 12 CaviteCity
7.69 1.25 14 81 13 80 Batangas City
125.00 6.25 45 221 20 208 Rizal
52.27 1.15 134 792 88 783 Quezon
4.55 3.25 69 349 66 338 Laguna
24.49 2.77 61 334 49 325 Cavite
17.72 1.95 93 626 79 614 Batangas
Sec. Elem. Secondary
Including
Annexes
Elem.
Including
Annexes
Secondary
Including
Annexes
Elem.
Including
Annexes
%Change SY 20012002 SY 19961997
Division
29.62 2.33 442 2,586 341 2,527 CALABARZON
14.29 3.17 8 65 7 63 San Pablo City
0.00 0.00 2 39 2 39 LucenaCity
-50.00 8.33 1 13 2 12 CaviteCity
7.69 1.25 14 81 13 80 Batangas City
125.00 6.25 45 221 20 208 Rizal
52.27 1.15 134 792 88 783 Quezon
4.55 3.25 69 349 66 338 Laguna
24.49 2.77 61 334 49 325 Cavite
17.72 1.95 93 626 79 614 Batangas
Including
Annexes
Elem.
Including
Annexes
Secondary
Including
Annexes
Elem.
Including
Annexes
%Change SY 20012002 SY 19961997
Division
SOURCE: DepEd IV-A
Table 2.47
CALABARZON, SY 1996-1997, SY 2001-2002
29.62 2.33 442 2,586 341 2,527 CALABARZON
14.29 3.17 8 65 7 63 San Pablo City
0.00 0.00 2 39 2 39 LucenaCity
-50.00 8.33 1 13 2 12 CaviteCity
7.69 1.25 14 81 13 80 Batangas City
125.00 6.25 45 221 20 208 Rizal
52.27 1.15 134 792 88 783 Quezon
4.55 3.25 69 349 66 338 Laguna
24.49 2.77 61 334 49 325 Cavite
17.72 1.95 93 626 79 614 Batangas
Including
Annexes
Elem.
Including
Annexes
Secondary
Including
Annexes
Elem.
Including
Annexes
%Change SY 20012002 SY 19961997
Division
29.62 2.33 442 2,586 341 2,527 CALABARZON
14.29 3.17 8 65 7 63 San Pablo City
0.00 0.00 2 39 2 39 LucenaCity
-50.00 8.33 1 13 2 12 CaviteCity
SOURCE: DepEd IV-A
Table 2.47
CALABARZON, SY 1996-1997, SY 2001-2002
29.62 2.33 442 2,586 341 2,527 CALABARZON
14.29 3.17 8 65 7 63 San Pablo City
0.00 0.00 2 39 2 39 LucenaCity
-50.00 8.33 1 13 2 12 CaviteCity
7.69 1.25 14 81 13 80 Batangas City
125.00 6.25 45 221 20 208 Rizal
52.27 1.15 134 792 88 783 Quezon
4.55 3.25 69 349 66 338 Laguna
24.49 2.77 61 334 49 325 Cavite
17.72 1.95 93 626 79 614 Batangas
Including
Annexes
Elem.
Including
Annexes
Secondary
Including
Annexes
Elem.
Including
Annexes
%Change SY 20012002 SY 19961997
Division
29.62 2.33 442 2,586 341 2,527 CALABARZON
14.29 3.17 8 65 7 63 San Pablo City
0.00 0.00 2 39 2 39 LucenaCity
-50.00 8.33 1 13 2 12 CaviteCity
7.69 1.25 14 81 13 80 Batangas City
125.00 6.25 45 221 20 208 Rizal
52.27 1.15 134 792 88 783 Quezon
4.55 3.25 69 349 66 338 Laguna
24.49 2.77 61 334 49 325 Cavite
17.72 1.95 93 626 79 614 Batangas
Including
Annexes
Elem.
Including
Annexes
Secondary
Including
Annexes
Elem.
Including
Annexes
%Change SY 20012002 SY 19961997
Division
94 94 94 94 94
DISTRIBUTON OF
CALABARZON Region
TERTIARY HOSPITALS
2.43
95 95 95 95 95
volume of secondary school entrants.
From a low 1:1.13 in 1996, this
increased to 1:1.30 in 2000. Among the
areas with more classes than the
number of classrooms are Rizal
province, Cavite City and Lucena City
(Table 2.48).
While large class sizes are
commonly experienced in cities and
highly urbanized municipalities, a total
of 155 far-flung barangays are not
served by a public elementary school
(Table 2.49). Of the total elementary
school-less barangays, a total of 63 or
41 percent is prioritized for SY 20042005
and of these 26 have ready school sites.
Among the divisions, Batangas province
have the most number of barangays not
served by an elementary school (23 %)
followed by, Quezon (19 %), Cavite (15
%) and Rizal (12 %). The main reason for
the non-establishment of schools in far-
flung brangays is usually the small
population in these areas hence
establishing schools may not be cost
efficient and thereby least prioritized.
Usually, the requirement for the
establishment of a school in terms of the
number of school-age children is not met
in far-flung areas. The problem on
establishing schools is now compounded with the
unavailability of school sites.
For the secondary level, only one
municipality in Laguna does not have a public
secondary school. It shall be noted, however, that
private secondary schools are partly subsidized by
the government through the Government Assistance
to Private Education (GASTPE). The GASTPE is in
compliance to the Free Secondary Education Act.
Given the increase in gross enrolment by
level for the past five years, the Department of
Education (DepEd) and the Local Government Units
(LGUs) have increased the number of plantilla
positions for teachers in elementary and secondary
but is still not enough to meet the growing
enrollment. Data in SY 2001-2002 for example show
that there were 33,359 nationally and locally funded
teachers in public elementary schools, and 12,823
in public secondary schools. For the next school year,
SY 2002-2003, the DepEd projected that a total of
3,350 public elementary school teachers are needed
in the region. Among the school districts, Cavite
Province had registered the highest number of
teachers needed in elementary at 1,392, followed
SOURCE: DepEd IV-A
Table 2.48
Elementary Class Classroom Ratio by Di vision
CALABARZON, SY 1994-1995 to 1999-2000
1.05 1.2 1.19 1.18 1.13 1.13 0.945 CALABARZON
1 1 1.04 1.04 0.98 0.94 1 San Pablo City
1 1.1 1.1 1.09 1.08 1.17 1.08 LucenaCity
1 1.1 1.07 1.08 1 1.04 1.05 LipaCity
1.5 1.9 1.83 1.82 1.79 1.6 1.14 CaviteCity
1 1.1 1.06 1.06 0.99 1.05 1.01 Batangas City
1 1.5 1.32 1.33 1.28 1.27 Rizal
1 1 1.08 1.06 1.04 1.04 1.04 Quezon
1 1.2 1.1 1.09 1.05 1.08 1.05 Laguna
1.1 1.1 1.26 1.13 1.1 1.08 1.06 Cavite
0.9 1 1.05 1.05 0.99 1.02 1.02 Batangas
2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 Divisions
1.05 1.2 1.19 1.18 1.13 1.13 0.945 CALABARZON
1 1 1.04 1.04 0.98 0.94 1 San Pablo City
1 1.1 1.1 1.09 1.08 1.17 1.08 LucenaCity
1 1.1 1.07 1.08 1 1.04 1.05 LipaCity
1.5 1.9 1.83 1.82 1.79 1.6 1.14 CaviteCity
1 1.1 1.06 1.06 0.99 1.05 1.01 Batangas City
1 1.5 1.32 1.33 1.28 1.27 Rizal
1 1 1.08 1.06 1.04 1.04 1.04 Quezon
1 1.2 1.1 1.09 1.05 1.08 1.05 Laguna
1.1 1.1 1.26 1.13 1.1 1.08 1.06 Cavite
0.9 1 1.05 1.05 0.99 1.02 1.02 Batangas
2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 Divisions
SOURCE: DepEd IV-A
Table 2.48
CALABARZON, SY 1994-1995 to 1999-2000
1.05 1.2 1.19 1.18 1.13 1.13 0.945 CALABARZON
1 1 1.04 1.04 0.98 0.94 1 San Pablo City
1 1.1 1.1 1.09 1.08 1.17 1.08 LucenaCity
1 1.1 1.07 1.08 1 1.04 1.05 LipaCity
1.5 1.9 1.83 1.82 1.79 1.6 1.14 CaviteCity
1 1.1 1.06 1.06 0.99 1.05 1.01 Batangas City
1 1.5 1.32 1.33 1.28 1.27 Rizal
1 1 1.08 1.06 1.04 1.04 1.04 Quezon
1 1.2 1.1 1.09 1.05 1.08 1.05 Laguna
1.1 1.1 1.26 1.13 1.1 1.08 1.06 Cavite
0.9 1 1.05 1.05 0.99 1.02 1.02 Batangas
2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 Divisions
1.05 1.2 1.19 1.18 1.13
SOURCE: DepEd IV-A
Table 2.48
CALABARZON, SY 1994-1995 to 1999-2000
1.05 1.2 1.19 1.18 1.13 1.13 0.945 CALABARZON
1 1 1.04 1.04 0.98 0.94 1 San Pablo City
1 1.1 1.1 1.09 1.08 1.17 1.08 LucenaCity
1 1.1 1.07 1.08 1 1.04 1.05 LipaCity
1.5 1.9 1.83 1.82 1.79 1.6 1.14 CaviteCity
1 1.1 1.06 1.06 0.99 1.05 1.01 Batangas City
1 1.5 1.32 1.33 1.28 1.27 Rizal
1 1 1.08 1.06 1.04 1.04 1.04 Quezon
1 1.2 1.1 1.09 1.05 1.08 1.05 Laguna
1.1 1.1 1.26 1.13 1.1 1.08 1.06 Cavite
0.9 1 1.05 1.05 0.99 1.02 1.02 Batangas
2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 Divisions
1.05 1.2 1.19 1.18 1.13 1.13 0.945 CALABARZON
1 1 1.04 1.04 0.98 0.94 1 San Pablo City
1 1.1 1.1 1.09 1.08 1.17 1.08 LucenaCity
1 1.1 1.07 1.08 1 1.04 1.05 LipaCity
1.5 1.9 1.83 1.82 1.79 1.6 1.14 CaviteCity
1 1.1 1.06 1.06 0.99 1.05 1.01 Batangas City
1 1.5 1.32 1.33 1.28 1.27 Rizal
1 1 1.08 1.06 1.04 1.04 1.04 Quezon
1 1.2 1.1 1.09 1.05 1.08 1.05 Laguna
1.1 1.1 1.26 1.13 1.1 1.08 1.06 Cavite
0.9 1 1.05 1.05 0.99 1.02 1.02 Batangas
2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 Divisions
1.3 1.48 1.191 1.32 1.13 CALABARZON
1.1 1.2 1.04 1.52 0.98 San Pablo City
1.7 2 1.1 1.2 1.08 LucenaCity
1.1 1.2 1.07 1.31 1 LipaCity
1.5 2 1.83 1.5 1.79 CaviteCity
1.3 1.4 1.06 1.31 0.99 Batangas City
1.7 1.8 1.32 1.7 1.28 Rizal
1.1 1.3 1.08 1.05 1.04 Quezon
1.2 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.05 Laguna
1.2 1.4 1.26 1.16 1.1 Cavite
1.1 1.1 1.05 1.15 0.99 Batangas
2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 Divisions
1.3 1.48 1.191 1.32 1.13 CALABARZON
1.1 1.2 1.04 1.52 0.98 San Pablo City
1.7 2 1.1 1.2 1.08 LucenaCity
1.1 1.2 1.07 1.31 1 LipaCity
1.5 2 1.83 1.5 1.79 CaviteCity
1.3 1.4 1.06 1.31 0.99 Batangas City
1.7 1.8 1.32 1.7 1.28 Rizal
1.1 1.3 1.08 1.05 1.04 Quezon
1.2 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.05 Laguna
1.2 1.4 1.26 1.16 1.1 Cavite
1.1 1.1 1.05 1.15 0.99 Batangas
2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 Divisions
Table 2.49
Secondary Class Classroom Ratio by Di vision
CALABARZON, SY 1996-1997 to 1999-2000
(In Percent)
1.3 1.48 1.191 1.32 1.13 CALABARZON
1.1 1.2 1.04 1.52 0.98 San Pablo City
1.7 2 1.1 1.2 1.08 LucenaCity
1.1 1.2 1.07 1.31 1 LipaCity
1.5 2 1.83 1.5 1.79 CaviteCity
1.3 1.4 1.06 1.31 0.99 Batangas City
1.7 1.8 1.32 1.7 1.28 Rizal
1.1 1.3 1.08 1.05 1.04 Quezon
1.2 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.05 Laguna
1.2 1.4 1.26 1.16 1.1 Cavite
1.1 1.1 1.05 1.15 0.99 Batangas
2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 Divisions
1.3 1.48 1.191 1.32 1.13 CALABARZON
1.1 1.2 1.04 1.52 0.98 San Pablo City
1.7 2 1.1 1.2 1.08 LucenaCity
1.1 1.2 1.07 1.31 1 LipaCity
1.5 2 1.83 1.5 1.79 CaviteCity
1.3 1.4 1.06 1.31 0.99 Batangas City
1.7 1.8 1.32 1.7 1.28 Rizal
1.1 1.3 1.08 1.05 1.04 Quezon
1.2
1.3 1.48 1.191 1.32 1.13 CALABARZON
1.1 1.2 1.04 1.52 0.98 San Pablo City
1.7 2 1.1 1.2 1.08 LucenaCity
1.1 1.2 1.07 1.31 1 LipaCity
1.5 2 1.83 1.5 1.79 CaviteCity
1.3 1.4 1.06 1.31 0.99 Batangas City
1.7 1.8 1.32 1.7 1.28 Rizal
1.1 1.3 1.08 1.05 1.04 Quezon
1.2 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.05 Laguna
1.2 1.4 1.26 1.16 1.1 Cavite
1.1 1.1 1.05 1.15 0.99 Batangas
2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 Divisions
1.3 1.48 1.191 1.32 1.13 CALABARZON
1.1 1.2 1.04 1.52 0.98 San Pablo City
1.7 2 1.1 1.2 1.08 LucenaCity
1.1 1.2 1.07 1.31 1 LipaCity
1.5 2 1.83 1.5 1.79 CaviteCity
1.3 1.4 1.06 1.31 0.99 Batangas City
1.7 1.8 1.32 1.7 1.28 Rizal
1.1 1.3 1.08 1.05 1.04 Quezon
1.2 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.05 Laguna
1.2 1.4 1.26 1.16 1.1 Cavite
1.1 1.1 1.05 1.15 0.99 Batangas
2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 Divisions
Table 2.49
Secondary Class Classroom Ratio by Di vision
CALABARZON, SY 1996-1997 to 1999-2000
(In Percent)
96 96 96 96 96
2
.
4
4
97 97 97 97 97
by Laguna with 827. Cavite City is the only district
which did not require any needed teacher for
elementary (Table 2.50). The increasing participation
of the LGUs especially the cities and municipalities
in the delivery of basic education particularly on
hiring of teachers and not only on building
construction and improvement is notable. Rizal and
Cavite provinces had the most number of teachers
funded by their city/municipal governments. Also
noted is the significant contribution of the Parents,
Teachers and Community Associations (PTCA) in the
provision of primary education.
For secondary level, CALABARZON as of SY 2002
2003 needed 2,304 teachers identifying the
province of Laguna having the highest requirement
at 505. Batangas City had the least number of needed
secondary teachers at 7. On the source of funding,
Batangas has the most number of teachers funded
by the LGU while there are no reports on LGU funded-
teachers for Laguna and the cities of Cavite, Lipa
and San Pablo.
The most important factor that affects
student learning is the teacher hence there is a need
not only to meet the desired number but also to
improve their effectiveness. A comprehensive
training program for teachers should be put in place
to address this concern. Other contributory factors
that will enhance the learning process are the
availability of books and other teaching devices.
Many schools in the region still lack the desired
textbook-pupil ratio.
4.5.3 Technical and Higher Education
Technical vocational and training (TVET) and
higher education institutions in the region are
provided by both the private sector and the
government. Figure 2.44 shows that proper location
of these important facilities needs to be enhanced
to ensure maximum utilities of these facilities.
4.5.4 Housing
The adequacy of housing may be gauged
through the housing backlog which is the number of
dwelling units needed at the beginning of the
planning period due to doubled-up
households, displaced units, and
homeless households. Double-up
households are the ratio of household
to occupied housing units given the
norm of one housing unit to one
household. For CALABARZON, data
since 1960 reveal that doubled-up
households do not show a consistent
pattern suggesting that the
construction of new housing units is
tied with socio-economic conditions.
Recent data for the region show that
households to occupied housing units
ratio slightly improved from 103
households per 100 housing units in
1990 to 102 in 2000. This means that
for every 100 units occupied, only
two households are sharing one unit
with another household. The
Table 2.50
Number of Barangays Without Public Elementary Schools (ES)
1 26 63 155 CALABARZON
0 0 0 0 San Pablo City
0 1 1 2 LucenaCity
0 0 0 0 LipaCity
0 1 1 1 CaviteCity
0 1 1 0 Batangas City
0 1 4 19 Rizal
0 7 7 30 Quezon
1 2 2 7 Laguna
0 7 11 24 Cavite
0 6 36 72 Batangas
No. of Brgys.
not Served
by HS
With ready
School Site
Priority
Brgys. for
Establish-
mentof ES
No. of Brgys.
not served
by an ES
Divisions
0 1 1 2 LucenaCity
0 0 0 0 LipaCity
0 1 1 1 CaviteCity
0 1 4 19 Rizal
0 7 7 30 Quezon
1 2 2 7 Laguna
0 7 11 24 Cavite
0 6 36 72 Batangas
No. of Brgys.
not Served
by HS
With ready
School Site
Priority
Brgys. for
Establish-
mentof ES
No. of Brgys.
not served
by an ES
Divisions
Source: DepEd IV-A
Table 2.50
0 1 1 2 LucenaCity
0 0 0 0 LipaCity
0 1 1 1 CaviteCity
0 1 4 19 Rizal
0 7 7 30 Quezon
1 2 2 7 Laguna
0 7 11 24 Cavite
0 6 36 72 Batangas
No. of Brgys.
not Served
by HS
With ready
School Site
Priority
Brgys. for
Establish-
mentof ES
No. of Brgys.
not served
by an ES
Divisions
0 1 1 2 LucenaCity
0 0 0 0 LipaCity
0 1 1 1 CaviteCity
0 1 4 19 Rizal
0 7 7 30 Quezon
1 2 2 7 Laguna
Table 2.50
0 1 1 2 LucenaCity
0 0 0 0 LipaCity
0 1 1 1 CaviteCity
0 1 4 19 Rizal
0 7 7 30 Quezon
1 2 2 7 Laguna
0 7 11 24 Cavite
0 6 36 72 Batangas
No. of Brgys.
not Served
by HS
With ready
School Site
Priority
Brgys. for
Establish-
mentof ES
No. of Brgys.
not served
by an ES
Divisions
0 1 1 2 LucenaCity
0 0 0 0 LipaCity
0 1 1 1 CaviteCity
0 1 4 19 Rizal
0 7 7 30 Quezon
1 2 2 7 Laguna
0 7 11 24 Cavite
0 6 36 72 Batangas
No. of Brgys.
not Served
by HS
With ready
School Site
Priority
Brgys. for
Establish-
mentof ES
No. of Brgys.
not served
by an ES
Divisions
Source: DepEd IV-A
98 98 98 98 98
improvement was mainly accounted for by
municipalities located outside the catchment areas
especially in Quezon province. The trend in Quezon
validates the de-urbanization pattern in the
province. The catchment areas had higher
prevalence of doubled-up household in 2000 although
the average for the two areas in 1990 was the same.
Rizal province had the highest prevalence of doubled-
up households (Table 2.52).
The average number of persons per housing
unit decreased from 5.4 in 1990
to 4.9 in 2000. This reflects the
slight decline in family sizes.
While household to housing unit
ratio is higher in catchment
areas, the opposite was
observed in the non-catchment
areas. This indicates larger
family sizes in rural compared
to urban areas. Batangas
province has the most number
of persons per housing units
while Rizal has the least.
Together with Quezon, Batangas
has the lowest percentage of
population living in urban areas
while Rizal is almost 100 percent
urban.
There are no exact
figures on the level of
homelessness in the region but
preliminary data gathered by the DSWD showed an
increasing incidence particularly in highly urbanized
areas. Other indicators on the housing structures
and presence of important utilities showed that
housing in the region also needs special attention.
4.5.5 Social Welfare Institutions
The promotion of Social Welfare not only
entails providing programs and services to specific
clients such as women and children, but also includes
the provision of available facilities that will help
clientele cope with their existing negative condition,
among others, on protection, and child care.
Most of these facilities are either operated by
the Department of Social Welfare and Development
(DSWD), or Non-Government Organizations (NGOs).
On the other hand, Local Government Units (LGUs)
are also encouraged to establish such facilities since
they are mandated to provide social welfare services
to constituents under the Local Government Code.
REGION IV
Rizal
Quezon
Laguna
Cavite
Batangas
1.12
1.24
1.13
1.16
1.17
1.12
1.07
1.30
1.11
1.03
1.01
1.02
1.01
1.01
1.01
1.00
1.00
1.01
1.03
1.04
1.02
1.04
1.02
1.02
1.02
1.03
1.01
1.02
1.02
1.02
2000 1990 1980 1970 1960
Table 2.51
Households to Occupied Housi ng Units
Table 2.51
SOURCE of Basic Data: Census of Population and Housing
REGION IV
Rizal
Quezon
Laguna
Cavite
Batangas
REGION IV
Rizal
Quezon
Laguna
Cavite
Batangas
1.12
1.24
1.13
1.16
1.17
1.12
1.07
1.30
1.11
1.03
1.01
1.02
1.01
1.01
1.01
1.00
1.00
1.01
1.03
1.04
1.02
1.04
1.02
1.02
1.02
1.03
1.01
1.02
1.02
1.02
2000 1990 1980 1970 1960
Table 2.51
Table 2.51
Table 2.51
Table 2.51
SOURCE of Basic Data: Census of Population and Housing SOURCE of Basic Data: Census of Population and Housing
SOURCE: NSO - CPH
Table 2.52
Household Population to Occupied Housing Units by Type of Building
and City/Municipality
5.01 0.98 5.34 1.03 2. OTHER AREAS
4.89 1.03 5.36 1.04 * Northern Rizal Cluster
4.89 1.22 5.24 1.03
* San Pablo City-Metro
Lucena
4.77 1.02 5.32 1.04 * Western Laguna Cluster
5.00 1.02 5.44 1.01 * Tagaytay-SilangCluster
4.78 1.02 5.31 1.03 * Central CaviteCluster
4.91 1.03 5.27 1.02 * Northern CaviteCluster
5.29 1.01 5.73 1.02 * Metro Lipa
5.07 1.02 5.47 1.03 * Metro Batangas
4.91 1.04 5.36 1.03 1. CATCHMENT AREAS
4.94 1.02 5.35 1.03 CALABARZON
HH
Population
to Occupied
HUs
HHsto
Occupied
HUs
HH
Population
To Occupied
HUs
HHsto
Occupied
HUs
2000 1990
Area
5.01 0.98 5.34 1.03 2. OTHER AREAS
4.89 1.22 5.24 1.03
Lucena
5.29 1.01 5.73 1.02 * Metro Lipa
5.07 1.02 5.47 1.03 * Metro Batangas
4.91 1.04 5.36 1.03 1. CATCHMENT AREAS
HH
Population
to Occupied
HUs
HHsto
Occupied
HUs
HH
Population
To Occupied
HUs
HHsto
Occupied
HUs
2000 1990
Area
SOURCE: NSO - CPH
Table 2.52
5.01 0.98 5.34 1.03 2. OTHER AREAS
4.89 1.22 5.24 1.03
Lucena
5.29 1.01 5.73 1.02 * Metro Lipa
5.07 1.02 5.47 1.03 * Metro Batangas
4.91 1.04 5.36 1.03 1. CATCHMENT AREAS
HH
Population
to Occupied
HUs
HHsto
Occupied
HUs
HH
Population
To Occupied
HUs
HHsto
Occupied
HUs
2000 1990
Area
5.01 0.98 5.34 1.03 2. OTHER AREAS
4.89 1.22 5.24 1.03
Lucena
SOURCE: NSO - CPH
Table 2.52
5.01 0.98 5.34 1.03 2. OTHER AREAS
4.89 1.22 5.24 1.03
Lucena
5.29 1.01 5.73 1.02 * Metro Lipa
5.07 1.02 5.47 1.03 * Metro Batangas
4.91 1.04 5.36 1.03 1. CATCHMENT AREAS
SOURCE: NSO - CPH
Table 2.52
Household Population to Occupied Housing Units by Type of Building
5.01 0.98 5.34 1.03 2. OTHER AREAS
4.89 1.22 5.24 1.03
Lucena
5.29 1.01 5.73 1.02 * Metro Lipa
5.07 1.02 5.47 1.03 * Metro Batangas
4.91 1.04 5.36 1.03 1. CATCHMENT AREAS
4.94 1.02 5.35 1.03 CALABARZON
HH
Population
to Occupied
HUs
HHsto
Occupied
HUs
HH
Population
To Occupied
HUs
HHsto
Occupied
HUs
2000 1990
Area
5.01 0.98 5.34 1.03 2. OTHER AREAS
4.89 1.22 5.24 1.03
Lucena
5.29 1.01 5.73 1.02 * Metro Lipa
5.07 1.02 5.47 1.03 * Metro Batangas
4.91 1.04 5.36 1.03 1. CATCHMENT AREAS
HH
Population
to Occupied
HUs
HHsto
Occupied
HUs
HH
Population
To Occupied
HUs
HHsto
Occupied
HUs
2000 1990
Area
SOURCE: NSO - CPH
Table 2.52
5.01 0.98 5.34 1.03 2. OTHER AREAS
4.89 1.22 5.24 1.03
Lucena
5.29 1.01 5.73 1.02 * Metro Lipa
5.07 1.02 5.47 1.03 * Metro Batangas
4.91 1.04 5.36 1.03 1. CATCHMENT AREAS
HH
Population
to Occupied
HUs
HHsto
Occupied
HUs
HH
Population
To Occupied
HUs
HHsto
Occupied
HUs
2000 1990
Area
5.01 0.98 5.34 1.03 2. OTHER AREAS
4.89 1.22 5.24 1.03
Lucena
SOURCE: NSO - CPH
Table 2.52
5.01 0.98 5.34 1.03 2. OTHER AREAS
4.89 1.22 5.24 1.03
Lucena
5.29 1.01 5.73 1.02 * Metro Lipa
5.07 1.02 5.47 1.03 * Metro Batangas
4.91 1.04 5.36 1.03 1. CATCHMENT AREAS
99 99 99 99 99
Environmental
Management 5
As emphasized in the NFPP, the quality of the
environment is a direct reflection of the peoples
quality of life. The environment, however, has been
steadily deteriorating as a result of the pressures
from increasing population and corresponding life
support requirements.
5.1 Air Quality
In general, air pollution appears not to be a
problem in the Region except in few cases involving
industries, in areas where there is heavy vehicular
traffic and in areas where there are open dumpsites.
Inefficient garbage collection and disposal are the
major causes of air pollution.
5.2 Water Ecosystem
Most of the Regions coastal as well as marine
ecosystem are presently under the state of
deterioration due to pollution, sedimentation and
coastal erosion. Most of these areas are considered
critical and requires protection. The causes and
extent of the deterioration of each water bodies
are substantially expounded in the proceeding
sections under protected areas.
5.3 Forest and Upland Ecosystem
5.3.1 Forest Land
Forest is defined as both natural forests and
forest plantations, excluding stands of trees
established primarily for agricultural production,
such as fruit and tree plantations. Based on 2004
Philippine Forestry Statistics, CALABARZON Region
has a total land area of 1,622,861 hectares, of which
35.4 percent is considered as forestland while 64.6
percent is certified as alienable and disposable lands.
The regions percentage forestland in relation to its
total land area is lower than that
of the country of 49.2 percent.
The region is at the bottom
five among the lowest proportion
of forestland vis--vis total land
area among the 17 regions of the
country. The regions total
forestland comprises only 3.8
percent of the total forestland of
the country.
Quezon province tops the
regions total land and forestland
area at 54 and 69 percent, SOURCE: NAMRIA (Note: *CY 2003)
Table 2.53
Land Area Classification by Province
CALABARZON, 2004
49.22 14,765,804 14,145,078 30,000,000 Philippines*
100.00 35.39 574,320 1,048,541 1,622,861 CALABARZON
11.67 51.19 67,003 63,889 130,892 RIZAL
68.99 45.51 396,221 474,439 870,660 QUEZON
7.18 23.44 41,253 134,720 175,973 LAGUNA
3.66 16.33 21,022 107,733 128,755 CAVITE
8.50 15.42 48,821 267,760 316,581 BATANGAS
%Share of
Forestland
to IV-A's
total
%
Forestland
Forest
Land (Has.)
Certified
Alienable &
Disposable
(Has.)
TOTAL
LAND
AREA
(Has.)
Province
49.22 14,765,804 14,145,078 30,000,000 Philippines*
100.00 35.39 574,320 1,048,541 1,622,861 CALABARZON
11.67 51.19 67,003 63,889 130,892 RIZAL
68.99 45.51 396,221 474,439 870,660 QUEZON
7.18 23.44 41,253 134,720 175,973 LAGUNA
3.66 16.33 21,022 107,733 128,755 CAVITE
8.50 15.42 48,821 267,760 316,581 BATANGAS
%Share of
Forestland
to IV-A's
total
%
Forestland
Forest
Land (Has.)
Certified
Alienable &
Disposable
(Has.)
TOTAL
LAND
AREA
(Has.)
Province
100 100 100 100 100
Quezon (69 %) Quezon (69 %)
Laguna (7.2 %)
Laguna (7.2 %)
Rizal (11.7 %)
Rizal (11.7 %)
Total Forest =1,622,861 has.
Cavite (3.7 %)
Cavite (3.7 %)
Batangas (8.5 %)
Batangas (8.5 %)
Source: DENR 4A
Figure 2.45
Distribution of Forests by Province
SOURCE of Basic Data: NAMRIA as cited in the DENR Website
Table 2.54
Change in Certified Alienable and Disposable and Forest Lands
11,602 574,320 585,922 -11,602 1,048,541 1,036,939 1,622,861 CALABARZON
0 67,003 67,003 0 63,889 63,889 130,892 RIZAL
2,078 396,221 398,299 -2,078 474,439 472,361 870,660 QUEZON
0 41,253 41,253 0 134,720 134,720 175,973 LAGUNA
7,183 21,022 28,205 -7,183 107,733 100,550 128,755 CAVITE
2,341 48,821 51,162 -2,341 267,760 265,419 316,581 BATANGAS
(8)=(6)-(7) (7) (6) (5) =(3)-(4) (4) (3) (2) (1)
Difference 2004 1990 Difference 2004 1990
Forest Land (in Hectares)
Certified Alienable &Disposable (in
Hectares)
TOTAL
LANDAREA
Provinces
11,602 574,320 585,922 -11,602 1,048,541 1,036,939 1,622,861 CALABARZON
0 67,003 67,003 0 63,889 63,889 130,892 RIZAL
2,078 396,221 398,299 -2,078 474,439 472,361 870,660 QUEZON
0 41,253 41,253 0 134,720 134,720 175,973 LAGUNA
7,183 21,022 28,205 -7,183 107,733 100,550 128,755 CAVITE
2,341 48,821 51,162 -2,341 267,760 265,419 316,581 BATANGAS
(8)=(6)-(7) (7) (6) (5) =(3)-(4) (4) (3) (2) (1)
Difference 2004 1990 Difference 2004 1990
Forest Land (in Hectares)
Certified Alienable &Disposable (in
Hectares)
TOTAL
LANDAREA
Provinces
5. Environmental Management
101 101 101 101 101
respectively. Cavite gets the least share of the
regions total forestland with percentage share of
3.7 percent. Cavite has the smallest total land area
comprising only 7.9 percent of the total.
By province, more than half of Rizals land
area or 51.2 percent are classified as forest, the
highest proportion in the region. On the other hand,
Batangas, second biggest in total land area, has the
least proportion of forestland or 15.4 percent.
The data from NAMRIA indicate that between
1990 and 2004, some 11,602 hectares had been
added to the forestland (Table 2.54). This is in
contrast to observations and actual land use which
show that even areas with steep slopes, which are
presumably classified as forest, are being inhabited.
Of the A & D lands in 1990 reclassified as forest
in 2004, Cavite has the biggest with 62 percent
followed by Batangas and Quezon with 20 and 18
percent, respectively. The figures for forestland and
A & D for the provinces of Laguna and Rizal remained
the same over the past 14 years.
5.3.2 Forest Cover
Based on 2004 Philippine Forestry Statistics,
CALABARZON Region has a total forest cover
estimate (by canopy density) of 289,673 hectares.
This represents 17.8 percent of the total land area
of 1,622,861 hectares and 50.5 percent of the total
574, 320 classified as forestlands of the region. The
forest cover of the region (as percentage of total
land area) of 17.8 percent is lower than the countrys
23.9 percent. In terms of forest cover as percentage
of the total forestland, however, the region showed
better performance with 50.4 percent forest cover
compared with the national of 48.6 percent.
By province, Quezon has the highest proportion
of forest cover both as proportion of its total land
area and its total forestland at 26.6 and 58.4
percent, respectively. Quezon gets 79.8 percent of
the total forest cover of the region. Rizal ranks
second in terms of forest cover percentage as its
total land area with 17. 3 percent but only third in
forest cover in proportion to its total forestland.
Batangas performed poorly in forest cover.
SOURCE of Basic Data: DENR-FMB; * CY 2003
Table 2.55
Percentage Forest Cover by Province
CALABARZON, 2004
48.55 23.89 7,168,400 14,765,804 30,000,000 Philippines*
100.0 50.44 17.85 289,673 574,320 1,622,861 CALABARZON
7.8 33.79 17.30 22,642 67,003 130,892 RIZAL
79.8 58.35 26.55 231,190 396,221 870,660 QUEZON
5.6 39.28 9.21 16,205 41,253 175,973 LAGUNA
2.0 27.29 4.46 5,737 21,022 128,755 CAVITE
4.8 28.47 4.39 13,899 48,821 316,581 BATANGAS
(In Hectares)
%share
(fromregion's
total forest
cover)
%Forest Cover
(fromtotal
provincial
forestland)
%Forest
Cover
(from
provincial total
land area)
Forest Cover Forest Land
TOTAL LAND
AREA
Province
48.55 23.89 7,168,400 14,765,804 30,000,000 Philippines*
100.0 50.44 17.85 289,673 574,320 1,622,861 CALABARZON
7.8 33.79 17.30 22,642 67,003 130,892 RIZAL
79.8 58.35 26.55 231,190 396,221 870,660 QUEZON
5.6 39.28 9.21 16,205 41,253 175,973 LAGUNA
2.0 27.29 4.46 5,737 21,022 128,755 CAVITE
4.8 28.47 4.39 13,899 48,821 316,581 BATANGAS
(In Hectares)
%share
(fromregion's
total forest
cover)
%Forest Cover
(fromtotal
provincial
forestland)
%Forest
Cover
(from
provincial total
land area)
Forest Cover Forest Land
TOTAL LAND
AREA
Province
102 102 102 102 102
Data show that forest cover is not limited to
forestlands with at least 22.5 percent of the total
forest cover of the region is within A & D lands.
Among the provinces, Batangas has the highest
proportion of forest cover within A & D, a stark
contrast to the proportion of its forest cover within
forestlands which is only 17 percent. Laguna also
has a high proportion of forest cover within A & D at
49.8 percent.
The distribution of forest cover is highly
skewed for Rizal, Quezon and Cavite with 93, 82
and 72 percent, respectively, of their forest cover
located within forestlands.
Quezon accounted for the bulk of forest cover
in forestlands at 84 percent while Batangas
accounted for the least - one percent. In terms of
percentage share of provinces to the total forest
cover within A & D lands, Quezon has the lion share
at 65 percent. Cavite and Rizal shared the least with
2.5 percent each.
5.3.3 Reforestation Program
As a result of vigorous reforestation program
of the government and private sectors particularly
on promoting the development of industrial forest
plantations and management of natural forest areas
within watersheds, CBFM, SIFMA, and other
reforestation initiatives, the CALABARZON Region
was able to reforest a total of 99,928 ha of
forestland or 6% of the total land area
notwithstanding the meager budget allotted for
this activity.
5.4 Biodiversity
Of the total land area of the Region, 36.4% is
being protected and managed under the provisions
of the Integrated Protected Area System.
Preservation of biological biodiversity and genetic
resources, protection and conservation of wildlife
sanctuaries as well as developing means for
ecotourism purposes are among the activities being
undertaken to protect the Region s biodiversity.
The Philippine Biodiversity Conservation
Priorities Project has identified 14 NIPAS components
in CALABARZON that overlapped with conservation
priority areas. The priority levels range from high
to extremely high urgent, which means that the
variety of life including those endemic to these areas
is threatened with extinction.
Table 2.56
Distribution of Forest Cover by Land Classification and Province
100.0 100.0 22.5 77.5 65,046 224,627 289,673 CALABARZON
2.5 9.4 7.1 92.9 1,618 21,024 22,642 RIZAL
64.9 84.1 18.3 81.7 42,193 188,997 231,190 QUEZON
12.4 3.6 49.8 50.2 8,064 8,141 16,205 LAGUNA
2.5 1.8 28.5 71.5 1,634 4,103 5,737 CAVITE
17.7 1.1 83.0 17.0 11,537 2,362 13,899 BATANGAS
Within A&D
Lands
Within Forest
Land
Within A&D
Lands
Within Forest
Land
%Share
%of forest cover from total
forestlands
Forest Cover
Within A&D
lands (in
hectares)
Forest Cover
Within Forest
Land (in
hectares)
Total
forestlands
(hectares)
Province
100.0 100.0 22.5 77.5 65,046 224,627 289,673 CALABARZON
2.5 9.4 7.1 92.9 1,618 21,024 22,642 RIZAL
64.9 84.1 18.3 81.7 42,193 188,997 231,190 QUEZON
12.4 3.6 49.8 50.2 8,064 8,141 16,205 LAGUNA
2.5 1.8 28.5 71.5 1,634 4,103 5,737 CAVITE
17.7 1.1 83.0 17.0 11,537 2,362 13,899 BATANGAS
Within A&D
Lands
Within Forest
Land
Within A&D
Lands
Within Forest
Land
%Share
forestlands
Forest Cover
Within A&D
lands (in
hectares)
Forest Cover
Within Forest
Land (in
hectares)
Total
forestlands
(hectares)
Province
Table 2.56
Distribution of Forest Cover by Land Classification and Province
100.0 100.0 22.5 77.5 65,046 224,627 289,673 CALABARZON
2.5 9.4 7.1 92.9 1,618 21,024 22,642 RIZAL
64.9 84.1 18.3 81.7 42,193 188,997 231,190 QUEZON
12.4 3.6 49.8 50.2 8,064 8,141 16,205 LAGUNA
2.5 1.8 28.5 71.5 1,634 4,103 5,737 CAVITE
17.7 1.1 83.0 17.0 11,537 2,362 13,899 BATANGAS
Within A&D
Lands
Within Forest
Land
Within A&D
Lands
Within Forest
Land
%Share
forestlands
Forest Cover
Within A&D
lands (in
hectares)
Forest Cover
Within Forest
Land (in
hectares)
Total
forestlands
(hectares)
Province
100.0 100.0 22.5 77.5 65,046 224,627 289,673 CALABARZON
2.5 9.4 7.1 92.9 1,618 21,024 22,642 RIZAL
64.9 84.1 18.3 81.7 42,193 188,997 231,190 QUEZON
12.4 3.6 49.8 50.2 8,064 8,141 16,205 LAGUNA
2.5 1.8 28.5 71.5 1,634 4,103 5,737 CAVITE
17.7 1.1 83.0 17.0 11,537 2,362 13,899 BATANGAS
Within A&D
Lands
Within Forest
Land
Within A&D
Lands
Within Forest
Land
%Share
forestlands
Forest Cover
Within A&D
lands (in
hectares)
Forest Cover
Within Forest
Land (in
hectares)
Total
forestlands
(hectares)
Province
103 103 103 103 103
104 104 104 104 104
Table 2.60
NIPAS Components that Overlapped with Conservation
Lucban Tayabas, National Park
San Cristobal Lucban, Cristobal
Banahaw- 11,113.30 21-May-41 Laguna and Banahaw-San
7,641.59 VH 40 Mt. Proc. 716 / Majayjay, Mts. 5
Complex
Cone Quezon
Reserve
1966 Forest
Island August 7, Watershed
81,115.84 EHc 34 Polillo 130.00 Proc. 72 / Polillo, Quezon Polilo 3
Reserve Proc 692 / Tomas,
Forest 1933; Laguna, Sto.
Makiling February 23, Calamba National Park
11,871.90 EHc 38 Mt. 3,328.85 Proc. 552 / Los Baosand Mt. Makiling 4
1960
March 28, Batangas
Reserve
Forest
Swamp
Mangrove
Rafael
and San
Calabao, Icol
Palasan,
Kalongkooan,
Kalotkot,
Patnanongan,
Jomalig,
Cabalete,
1981 Alabat,
Island mined December 29, Quezon Polillo,
81,115.84 EHc 34 Polillo Undeter- Proc. 2152 / LamonBay, Island of 2
Reserve
1967 Forest
February 13, Quezon Watershed
56,575.69 I.D.
31 Mt. Binuang
and vicinity 384.00
Proc. 158 / Infanta Infanta
1
Estimated
Area
(ha)
Priority
Level
Conservation
Priority
Areas ***
Area
(ha)
Legal
Instruments **
/ Date
Location
NIPAS
Components
No.
7,641.59 VH 40 Mt. Proc. 716 / Majayjay, Mts.
Complex
Cone Quezon
Reserve
1966 Forest
81,115.84 EHc 34 Polillo 130.00 Proc. 72 / Polillo, Quezon Polilo
11,871.90 EHc 38 Mt. 3,328.85 Proc. 552 / Los Baosand Mt. Makiling
1960
March 28, Batangas
Reserve
Forest
Swamp
Mangrove
Rafael
and San
Calabao, Icol
Palasan,
Kalongkooan,
Kalotkot,
Patnanongan,
Jomalig,
Cabalete,
1981 Alabat,
81,115.84 EHc 34 Polillo Undeter- Proc. 2152 / LamonBay, Island of
Reserve
1967 Forest
56,575.69 I.D.
31 Mt. Binuang
and vicinity 384.00
Estimated
Area
(ha)
Priority
Level
Conservation
Priority
Areas ***
Area
(ha)
Legal
Instruments **
/ Date
Location
NIPAS
Components
No.
Table 2.60
Table 2.60
7,641.59 VH 40 Mt. Proc. 716 / Majayjay, Mts. 5
Complex
Cone Quezon
Reserve
1966 Forest
81,115.84 EHc 34 Polillo 130.00 Proc. 72 / Polillo, Quezon Polilo 3
11,871.90 EHc 38 Mt. 3,328.85 Proc. 552 / Los Baosand Mt. Makiling 4
1960
March 28, Batangas
Reserve
Forest
Swamp
Mangrove
Rafael
and San
Calabao, Icol
Palasan,
Kalongkooan,
Kalotkot,
Patnanongan,
Jomalig,
Cabalete,
1981 Alabat,
81,115.84 EHc 34 Polillo Undeter- Proc. 2152 / LamonBay, Island of 2
Reserve
1967 Forest
56,575.69 I.D.
31 Mt. Binuang
and vicinity 384.00
1
Estimated
Area
(ha)
Priority
Level
Conservation
Priority
Areas ***
Area
(ha)
Legal
Instruments **
/ Date
Location
NIPAS
Components
No.
7,641.59 VH 40 Mt. Proc. 716 / Majayjay, Mts.
Complex
Cone Quezon
Reserve
1966 Forest
81,115.84 EHc 34 Polillo 130.00 Proc. 72 / Polillo, Quezon Polilo
11,871.90 EHc 38 Mt. 3,328.85 Proc. 552 / Los Baosand Mt. Makiling
1960
March 28, Batangas
Reserve
Forest
Swamp
Mangrove
Rafael
and San
Calabao, Icol
Palasan,
Kalongkooan,
Kalotkot,
Patnanongan,
Jomalig,
Cabalete,
1981 Alabat,
81,115.84 EHc 34 Polillo Undeter- Proc. 2152 / LamonBay, Island of
Reserve
1967 Forest
56,575.69 I.D.
31 Mt. Binuang
and vicinity 384.00
Estimated
Area
(ha)
Priority
Level
Conservation
Priority
Areas ***
Area
(ha)
Legal
Instruments **
/ Date
Location
NIPAS
Components
No.
105 105 105 105 105
Palay- Palay- 26-Oct-76 Maragondon, Palay -
2,863.78 VH 41 Mt. 4,000.00 Proc. 1594 / Ternate and Mts. Palay- 6
Mt. Mataas- Caviteand Mataas-na-
na-Gulod Nasugbu, Gulod
National Park Batangas National Park
Estimated
Area
(ha)
Priority
Level
Conservation
Priority
Areas ***
Area
(ha)
Legal
Instruments **
/ Date Location
NIPAS
Components No.
Reserve
Forest
Peninsula June 22, 1940 Watershed
296, 264.97 I.D. 49 Bondoc 418.00 Proc. 566 / Lopez, Quezon Lopez 11
Reserve
Forest
Peninsula July 21, 1938 Quezon Watershed
296, 264.97 I.D. 49 Bondoc 26.00 Proc. 296 / Mulanay, Mulanay 10
April 23, 2000 Reserve
Proc. 295 / Forest
1939; Watershed
Gulf January 2, Quezon Spring
19,492.04 VH 48 Ragay 149.01 Proc. 365 / Guinayangan, Maulawin 9
1940
August 05,
Proc. 594 / Quezon
1934; and Pagilao,
National Park October 25, Padre Burgos National Park
4,450.49 VH 45 Quezon 983.00 Proc. 740 / Atimonan, Quezon 8
TagaytayCity
Batangasand
Province of
San Nicolas,
City, Balete,
Kahoy, Lipa
Mataas na
Alitagtag,
Cuenca,
Santa Teresita,
1996 Agoncillo
November 19, Laurel
Proc. 923 / Tanauan,
Lake July 22,1967, Malvar, Natural Park
23,897.03 EHu 43 Taal 62,292.14 Proc. 235 / Talisay, Taal Volcano 7
2,863.78 VH 41 Mt. 4,000.00 Proc. 1594 / Ternate and Mts. Palay-
Estimated
Area
(ha)
Priority
Level
Conservation
Priority
Areas ***
Area
(ha)
Legal
Instruments **
/ Date Location
NIPAS
Components No.
Reserve
Forest
296, 264.97 I.D. 49 Bondoc 418.00 Proc. 566 / Lopez, Quezon Lopez
Reserve
Forest
296, 264.97 I.D. 49 Bondoc 26.00 Proc. 296 / Mulanay, Mulanay
Proc. 295 / Forest
1939; Watershed
19,492.04 VH 48 Ragay 149.01 Proc. 365 / Guinayangan, Maulawin
1940
August 05,
Proc. 594 / Quezon
1934; and Pagilao,
4,450.49 VH 45 Quezon 983.00 Proc. 740 / Atimonan, Quezon
TagaytayCity
Batangasand
Province of
San Nicolas,
City, Balete,
Kahoy, Lipa
Mataas na
Alitagtag,
Cuenca,
Santa Teresita,
1996 Agoncillo
November 19, Laurel
23,897.03 EHu 43 Taal 62,292.14 Proc. 235 / Talisay, Taal Volcano
2,863.78 VH 41 Mt. 4,000.00 Proc. 1594 / Ternate and Mts. Palay- 6
Estimated
Area
(ha)
Priority
Level
Conservation
Priority
Areas ***
Area
(ha)
Legal
Instruments **
/ Date Location
NIPAS
Components No.
Reserve
Forest
296, 264.97 I.D. 49 Bondoc 418.00 Proc. 566 / Lopez, Quezon Lopez 11
Reserve
Forest
296, 264.97 I.D. 49 Bondoc 26.00 Proc. 296 / Mulanay, Mulanay 10
Proc. 295 / Forest
1939; Watershed
19,492.04 VH 48 Ragay 149.01 Proc. 365 / Guinayangan, Maulawin 9
1940
August 05,
Proc. 594 / Quezon
1934; and Pagilao,
4,450.49 VH 45 Quezon 983.00 Proc. 740 / Atimonan, Quezon 8
TagaytayCity
Batangasand
Province of
San Nicolas,
City, Balete,
Kahoy, Lipa
Mataas na
Alitagtag,
Cuenca,
Santa Teresita,
1996 Agoncillo
November 19, Laurel
23,897.03 EHu 43 Taal 62,292.14 Proc. 235 / Talisay, Taal Volcano 7
2,863.78 VH 41 Mt. 4,000.00 Proc. 1594 / Ternate and Mts. Palay-
Estimated
Area
(ha)
Priority
Level
Conservation
Priority
Areas ***
Area
(ha)
Legal
Instruments **
/ Date Location
NIPAS
Components No.
Reserve
Forest
296, 264.97 I.D. 49 Bondoc 418.00 Proc. 566 / Lopez, Quezon Lopez
Reserve
Forest
296, 264.97 I.D. 49 Bondoc 26.00 Proc. 296 / Mulanay, Mulanay
Proc. 295 / Forest
1939; Watershed
19,492.04 VH 48 Ragay 149.01 Proc. 365 / Guinayangan, Maulawin
1940
August 05,
Proc. 594 / Quezon
1934; and Pagilao,
4,450.49 VH 45 Quezon 983.00 Proc. 740 / Atimonan, Quezon
TagaytayCity
Batangasand
Province of
San Nicolas,
City, Balete,
Kahoy, Lipa
Mataas na
Alitagtag,
Cuenca,
Santa Teresita,
1996 Agoncillo
November 19, Laurel
23,897.03 EHu 43 Taal 62,292.14 Proc. 235 / Talisay, Taal Volcano
106 106 106 106 106
Estimated
Area
(ha)
Priority
Level
Conservation
Priority
Areas ***
Area
(ha)
Legal
Instruments **
/ Date
Location
NIPAS
Components
No.
MSFR-01)
Peninsula (4A-
Bondoc
Arena Point,
- San Andres to
Peninsula;
Point, Bondoc
Pinamu-tangan
in Aurora up to
- Bondoc River
Peninsula;
River. Bondoc
to Malunay
-PalayPoint up
Point;
up to Sandoval
- Bacong River
Reserve:
Swamp Forest
Mangrove
Tayabas Bay 1981 MazintutoRiver
Pagbilaoand mined December 29, Quezon River up tp
5,109.86 EHc 46 Underter- Proc. 2152/ Tayabas Bay, Palsabangan 14
Reserve
Quezon Forest
Peninsula 29-May-91 Mauban, Watershed
296, 264.97 I.D. 49 Bondoc 465.00 Proc. 735 / Pagbilao, Binahaan 13
Reserve
1939 Forest
Peninsula January 2, Quezon Watershed
296, 264.97 I.D. 49 Bondoc 328.00 Proc. 367 / Calauag, Calauag 12
Estimated
Area
(ha)
Priority
Level
Conservation
Priority
Areas ***
Area
(ha)
Legal
Instruments **
/ Date
Location
NIPAS
Components
No.
MSFR-01)
Peninsula (4A-
Bondoc
Arena Point,
- San Andres to
Peninsula;
Point, Bondoc
Pinamu-tangan
in Aurora up to
- Bondoc River
Peninsula;
River. Bondoc
to Malunay
-PalayPoint up
Point;
up to Sandoval
- Bacong River
Reserve:
Swamp Forest
Mangrove
5,109.86 EHc 46 Underter- Proc. 2152/ Tayabas Bay, Palsabangan
Reserve
Quezon Forest
296, 264.97 I.D. 49 Bondoc 465.00 Proc. 735 / Pagbilao, Binahaan
Reserve
1939 Forest
296, 264.97 I.D. 49 Bondoc 328.00 Proc. 367 / Calauag, Calauag
Number on the left refers to place name index. ***
LOI - Presidential Letter of Instruction
E.O. - Executive Order
P.D. - Presidential Decree
R.A. - Republic Act
Proc. - Presidenatial Proclamation
Bold underlined typeface - with Congressional Action **
Bold typeface - with Presidential Proclamation *
SOURCES: NBSAP, 1997; DENR-PAWB, 2001
R.A. - Republic Act
Estimated
Area
(ha)
Priority
Level
Conservation
Priority
Areas ***
Area
(ha)
Legal
Instruments **
/ Date
Location
NIPAS
Components
No.
MSFR-01)
Peninsula (4A-
Bondoc
Arena Point,
- San Andres to
Peninsula;
Point, Bondoc
Pinamu-tangan
in Aurora up to
- Bondoc River
Peninsula;
River. Bondoc
to Malunay
-PalayPoint up
Point;
up to Sandoval
- Bacong River
Reserve:
Swamp Forest
Mangrove
5,109.86 EHc 46 Underter- Proc. 2152/ Tayabas Bay, Palsabangan 14
Reserve
Quezon Forest
296, 264.97 I.D. 49 Bondoc 465.00 Proc. 735 / Pagbilao, Binahaan 13
Reserve
1939 Forest
296, 264.97 I.D. 49 Bondoc 328.00 Proc. 367 / Calauag, Calauag 12
Estimated
Area
(ha)
Priority
Level
Conservation
Priority
Areas ***
Area
(ha)
Legal
Instruments **
/ Date
Location
NIPAS
Components
No.
MSFR-01)
Peninsula (4A-
Bondoc
Arena Point,
- San Andres to
Peninsula;
Point, Bondoc
Pinamu-tangan
in Aurora up to
- Bondoc River
Peninsula;
River. Bondoc
to Malunay
-PalayPoint up
Point;
up to Sandoval
- Bacong River
Reserve:
Swamp Forest
Mangrove
5,109.86 EHc 46 Underter- Proc. 2152/ Tayabas Bay, Palsabangan
Reserve
Quezon Forest
296, 264.97 I.D. 49 Bondoc 465.00 Proc. 735 / Pagbilao, Binahaan
Reserve
1939 Forest
296, 264.97 I.D. 49 Bondoc 328.00 Proc. 367 / Calauag, Calauag
R.A. - Republic Act
R.A. - Republic Act
107 107 107 107 107
5.5 Solid Waste Disposal
Data on the percentage of households by usual
manner of garbage disposal in two censal years
indicate significant improvement. The percentage
of households whose garbage was picked-up by a
garbage truck increased to 48.5 percent in 2000 from
14.3 percent in 1990. In contrast other means of
disposal decreased: dumping in individual pit (-2.5
%); burning (-24.8 %); brying (-1.25); feeding to
animals (-3.79 %); and, others (-1.8 %). The
percentage of households who are composting their
garbage increased from 1.5 percent to 1.6 percent
(Table 2.61).
5.6 Use of Solid Fuels
The use of solid fuels for cooking may cause
environmental degradation and air pollution. Cutting
of trees in large magnitude for charcoal and for
firewood may be destructive to the forest. Moreover,
burning of substances such as wood may also
contribute to air pollution and destruction of the
ozone layer. Data from Census of Population and
Housing (CPH) for 1990 and 2000 revealed that the
proportion of households using solid fuels has
declined by 31.8 percent. In contrast, the proportion
of households using electricity, LPG or kerosene for
cooking increased from 47.6 percent in 1990 to 80
percent in 2000.
Among the provinces, only Quezon and
Batangas have high proportion of households using
solid fuels for cooking with 49.6 percent and 30.2
percent respectively. Only a small portion for
Cavite, Rizal and Laguna are using solid fuels.
Table 2.61
Households by Usual Manner of Garbage Disposal
(Figures are estimated based on 10% Sample)
-0.72 -2.31 -0.23 -0.12 -33.84 -3.23 40.46 Rizal
-2.74 -10.53 -1.38 0.30 7.45 -3.21 10.11 Quezon
-2.44 -1.23 -1.07 -0.26 -32.87 -4.60 42.49 Laguna
-2.98 -2.70 -1.30 0.22 -38.41 -3.76 48.93 Cavite
-0.27 -1.17 -1.49 0.22 -16.31 1.94 17.08 Batangas
-1.85 -3.79 -1.25 0.05 -24.85 -2.51 34.21 CALABARZON
Percentage Point Change
0.24 0.30 1.41 0.87 23.44 4.20 69.54 356,578 Rizal
0.38 1.85 3.07 1.51 67.56 5.68 19.95 299,662 Quezon
0.19 0.47 1.10 0.84 31.79 4.41 61.20 417,932 Laguna
0.45 0.75 1.72 1.97 27.52 6.62 60.97 428,879 Cavite
0.35 1.83 2.57 2.64 62.61 7.05 22.95 374,767 Batangas
0.32 0.99 1.91 1.57 41.09 5.60 48.52 1,877,818 CALABARZON
2000
0.96 2.62 1.63 0.99 57.28 7.43 29.09 189,190 Rizal
3.12 12.38 4.45 1.20 60.12 8.89 9.84 265,762 Quezon
2.64 1.70 2.18 1.10 64.66 9.01 18.71 269,342 Laguna
3.43 3.46 3.01 1.75 65.92 10.38 12.04 222,151 Cavite
0.62 3.00 4.06 2.42 78.92 5.11 5.88 272,116 Batangas
2.18 4.78 3.16 1.52 65.94 8.12 14.30 1,218,561 CALABARZON
1990
Others
Feeding
to
Animals
Burying
Composting
(Later Used
as fertilizer)
Burning
Dumping in
Indivi-dual Pit
(Not Burned)
Picked up by
Garbage
Truck
Total
House-
holds
Area
-0.72 -2.31 -0.23 -0.12 -33.84 -3.23 40.46 Rizal
-2.74 -10.53 -1.38 0.30 7.45 -3.21 10.11 Quezon
-2.44 -1.23 -1.07 -0.26 -32.87 -4.60 42.49 Laguna
-2.98 -2.70 -1.30 0.22 -38.41 -3.76 48.93 Cavite
-0.27 -1.17 -1.49 0.22 -16.31 1.94 17.08 Batangas
-1.85 -3.79 -1.25 0.05 -24.85 -2.51 34.21 CALABARZON
Percentage Point Change
0.24 0.30 1.41 0.87 23.44 4.20 69.54 356,578 Rizal
0.38 1.85 3.07 1.51 67.56 5.68 19.95 299,662 Quezon
0.19 0.47 1.10 0.84 31.79 4.41 61.20 417,932 Laguna
0.45 0.75 1.72 1.97 27.52 6.62 60.97 428,879 Cavite
0.35 1.83 2.57 2.64 62.61 7.05 22.95 374,767 Batangas
0.32 0.99 1.91 1.57 41.09 5.60 48.52 1,877,818 CALABARZON
2000
0.96 2.62 1.63 0.99 57.28 7.43 29.09 189,190 Rizal
3.12 12.38 4.45 1.20 60.12 8.89 9.84 265,762 Quezon
2.64 1.70 2.18 1.10 64.66 9.01 18.71 269,342 Laguna
3.43 3.46 3.01 1.75 65.92 10.38 12.04 222,151 Cavite
0.62 3.00 4.06 2.42 78.92 5.11 5.88 272,116 Batangas
2.18 4.78 3.16 1.52 65.94 8.12 14.30 1,218,561 CALABARZON
1990
Others
Feeding
to
Animals
Burying
Composting
(Later Used
as fertilizer)
Burning
Dumping in
Indivi-dual Pit
(Not Burned)
Picked up by
Garbage
Truck
Total
House-
holds
Area
108 108 108 108 108
5.7 Toilet Facilities
The percentage of households with sanitary
toilet facilities increased substantially by 21
percentage points from 63 percent in 1990. This
could be attributed to the concerted effort of the
national and local government to advocate the use
of sanitary toilet facilities by the households. A
number of LGUs even provided free sanitary toilet
bowls as part of their program. The provinces of
Cavite and Rizal lead the other provinces in terms
of the percentage of households with sanitary toilet
facilities while Batangas and Quezon lag behind
(Table 2.63).
SOURCE: NSO - CPH
Table 2.62
Proportion of Households Using
Solid Fuels for Cooking
-18.3 10.9 29.2 Rizal
-31.2 49.6 80.8 Quezon
-29.2 10.7 40.0 Laguna
-21.6 9.3 30.9 Cavite
-40.4 30.2 70.6 Batangas
-31.8 20.5 52.4 CALABARZON
%tagepoint
difference
2000 1990 Area
-18.3 10.9 29.2 Rizal
-31.2 49.6 80.8 Quezon
-29.2 10.7 40.0 Laguna
-21.6 9.3 30.9 Cavite
-40.4 30.2 70.6 Batangas
-31.8 20.5 52.4 CALABARZON
%tagepoint
difference
2000 1990 Area
SOURCE: NSO Census of Population and Housing
Table 2.63
Households by Kind of Toilet Facility Being Used
(Figures are estimated based on 10% sample)
Percentage Points Change
-18.4 -2.5 1.4 5.9 -0.6 14.2 CALABARZON
-22.9 -5.7 1.1 4.5 1.5 21.6 Batangas
-12.8 -2.1 1.8 3.8 -0.5 9.8 Cavite
-12.7 -3.1 1.4 7.6 -3.5 10.3 Laguna
-21.5 2.8 1.8 9.0 -0.1 8.0 Quezon
-10.8 -1.4 0.7 4.3 -2.1 9.3 Rizal
53.4 8.9 3.2 5.6 5.9 23.1 265,762 Quezon
2000
10.6 5.2 5.6 14.5 8.5 55.5 1,877,818 CALABARZON
11.7 5.2 5.0 15.1 7.9 55.1 374,767 Batangas
5.1 2.8 4.8 12.6 9.1 65.6 428,879 Cavite
5.3 3.9 7.1 16.8 8.3 58.6 417,932 Laguna
31.9 11.7 4.9 14.6 5.8 31.0 299,662 Quezon
4.6 4.4 5.7 13.3 11.2 60.8 356,578 Rizal
15.4 5.9 5.0 9.0 13.3 51.5 189,190 Rizal
18.0 6.9 5.7 9.2 11.8 48.2 269,342 Laguna
17.9 4.9 3.0 8.8 9.6 55.8 222,151 Cavite
34.6 10.9 3.9 10.7 6.3 33.6 272,116 Batangas
29.0 7.7 4.2 8.6 9.1 41.3 1,218,561 CALABARZON
1990
Others:
Open Pit Pail
System/
None
Closed Pit
Water-
sealed,
Other
Depository,
Shared with
Other
Households
Water-
sealed,
Other
Depository,
Used
Exclusively
by the
Household
Water-
sealed,
Sewer /
Septic Tank,
Shared with
Other
Households
Water-
sealed,
Sewer /
Septic Tank,
Used
Exclusively
by the
Household
Total
Households
KINDOF TOILET FACILITY
Area
Percentage Points Change
-18.4 -2.5 1.4 5.9 -0.6 14.2 CALABARZON
-22.9 -5.7 1.1 4.5 1.5 21.6 Batangas
-12.8 -2.1 1.8 3.8 -0.5 9.8 Cavite
-12.7 -3.1 1.4 7.6 -3.5 10.3 Laguna
-21.5 2.8 1.8 9.0 -0.1 8.0 Quezon
-10.8 -1.4 0.7 4.3 -2.1 9.3 Rizal
53.4 8.9 3.2 5.6 5.9 23.1 265,762 Quezon
2000
10.6 5.2 5.6 14.5 8.5 55.5 1,877,818 CALABARZON
11.7 5.2 5.0 15.1 7.9 55.1 374,767 Batangas
5.1 2.8 4.8 12.6 9.1 65.6 428,879 Cavite
5.3 3.9 7.1 16.8 8.3 58.6 417,932 Laguna
31.9 11.7 4.9 14.6 5.8 31.0 299,662 Quezon
4.6 4.4 5.7 13.3 11.2 60.8 356,578 Rizal
15.4 5.9 5.0 9.0 13.3 51.5 189,190 Rizal
18.0 6.9 5.7 9.2 11.8 48.2 269,342 Laguna
17.9 4.9 3.0 8.8 9.6 55.8 222,151 Cavite
34.6 10.9 3.9 10.7 6.3 33.6 272,116 Batangas
29.0 7.7 4.2 8.6 9.1 41.3 1,218,561 CALABARZON
1990
Others:
Open Pit Pail
System/
None
Closed Pit
Water-
sealed,
Other
Depository,
Shared with
Other
Households
Water-
sealed,
Other
Depository,
Used
Exclusively
by the
Household
Water-
sealed,
Sewer /
Septic Tank,
Shared with
Other
Households
Water-
sealed,
Sewer /
Septic Tank,
Used
Exclusively
by the
Household
Total
Households
KINDOF TOILET FACILITY
Area
110 110 110 110 110
Population
Dimension 1
1.1 Trends in Population Size
CALABARZON is the fifth smallest region in
terms of land area but it has ranked second in terms
of population size to NCR in 2000. The region has
9.3 million population, showing an increase of 5.9
million from its population level of 3.3 million in
1970. During the past three decades the population
increase has dramatically and consistently surpassed
the projections made during these periods. From
1970 to 2000, the total population of the region
almost tripled, with incremental population
increasing every decade. The period 1990-2000
recorded the highest increase of almost 3.0 million
from the population increases recorded during the
previous two decades (Table 2.64). The huge
population increase especially during the 1990-2000
period could be largely attributed to migration.
Various housing developers, resettlement sites and
most importantly opening of business establishments
have caused this population increase rather than
natural population growth.
Census records for the period 1903 to 1960
showed CALABARZONs relatively low population
compared to many other regions including those in
the Visayas. In fact, CALABARZONs percentage share
to the countrys total population during the said
period showed a declining trend. A reversal of the
trend was observed from 1970s. The highest
percentage share was registered in the year 2000 at
12.18 percent while the lowest was in 1948 at 8.28
percent.
The lowest percentage share in 1948 may be
attributed to the fact that the provinces adjoining
NCR were among the vastly devastated areas during
World War II. The data may also reflect the migration
trend at that time. In the early half of the century
migration was towards rural areas especially
Mindanao while the second half of the century saw
urban-ward migration.
1.2 Population Distribution
1.2.1 Population Size by Province
All five provinces of CALABARZON are among
SOURCE: NSO
Table 2.64
Total Population by Selected Regions and Percentage Share
Philippines and Selected Regions, 1970-2000
12.18 10.46 9.57 9.15 9,320,629 6,349,452 4,603,435 3,356,327 CALABARZON
12.98 13.09 12.32 10.81 9,932,650 7,948,392 5,925,884 3,966,695 NCR
10.73 10.44 10.21 10.07 8,204,742 6,338,590 4,909,938 3,695,955 Central Luzon
100
100 100 100 76,498,735 60,703,206 48,098,460 36,684,486 Philippines
2000 1990 1980 1970 2000 1990 1980 1970
Area
%Share Total Population
12.18 10.46 9.57 9.15 9,320,629 6,349,452 4,603,435 3,356,327 CALABARZON
12.98 13.09 12.32 10.81 9,932,650 7,948,392 5,925,884 3,966,695 NCR
10.73 10.44 10.21 10.07 8,204,742 6,338,590 4,909,938 3,695,955 Central Luzon
100
100 100 100 76,498,735 60,703,206 48,098,460 36,684,486 Philippines
2000 1990 1980 1970 2000 1990 1980 1970
Area
%Share Total Population
111 111 111 111 111
the 21 provinces (out of the countrys 78 provinces)
with a population of more than one million. Notably
in the past, the provinces with the biggest land area,
i.e., Quezon and Batangas have the biggest
population among the CALABARZONs provinces but
in 2000, the provinces adjacent to NCR have the
biggest shares, i.e., Cavite and Laguna (Table 2.65).
SOURCE: NSO
Table 2.65
Total Population and Percentage Share by Province
100 100 100 100 9,320,629 6,349,452 4,603,435 3,356,327 CALABARZON
18.32 15.39 12.07 9.15 1,707,218 977,448 555,533 307,238 Rizal
18.01 21.62 24.53 26.90 1,679,030 1,372,455 1,129,277 902,865 Quezon
21.09 21.58 21.14 20.85 1,965,872 1,370,232 973,104 699,736 Laguna
22.14 18.15 16.76 15.50 2,063,161 1,152,534 771,320 520,180 Cavite
20.44 23.26 25.51 27.60 1,905,348 1,476,783 1,174,201 926,308 Batangas
2000 1990 1980 1970 2000 1990 1980 1970
%SHARE TOTAL POPULATION
PROVINCE
100 100 100 100 9,320,629 6,349,452 4,603,435 3,356,327 CALABARZON
18.32 15.39 12.07 9.15 1,707,218 977,448 555,533 307,238 Rizal
18.01 21.62 24.53 26.90 1,679,030 1,372,455 1,129,277 902,865 Quezon
21.09 21.58 21.14 20.85 1,965,872 1,370,232 973,104 699,736 Laguna
22.14 18.15 16.76 15.50 2,063,161 1,152,534 771,320 520,180 Cavite
20.44 23.26 25.51 27.60 1,905,348 1,476,783 1,174,201 926,308 Batangas
2000 1990 1980 1970 2000 1990 1980 1970
%SHARE TOTAL POPULATION
PROVINCE
1.2.2 Population Size by Cluster/
Catchment Areas
Table 2.66 shows that CALABARZONs
population is not spread evenly across the 11 cities
and 131 municipalities. Majority or 65.2 percent of
the population live in 34 municipalities and 11 cities
Table 2.66
Total Population and Percentage Share by Major Cathchment/Cluster Areas
Source: 1/ NSO
2/ Computed
100 100 100 100 9,320,629 6,349,452 4,603,435 3,356,327 CALABARZON
34.82 39.64 44.96 50.62 3,282,707 2,547,163 2,093,392 1,718,383 Other Areas
65.18 60.36 55.04 49.38 6,075,396 3,832,763 2,533,680 1,657,466 Catchment Areas
4.82 5.28 5.57 6.02 449,070 335,333 256,224 201,985 8. Metro Lipa
4.92 5.93 6.33 6.23 458,872 376,254 291,240 209,079 7. Metro Batangas
8.69 9.92 10.66 11.50 809,934 629,956 490,736 386,083 6. San Pablo-Metro Lucena
2.16 1.85 1.49 1.49 313,946 204,024 137,404 92,665 5. Central Cavite
3.37 3.21 2.98 2.76 201,424 117,529 68,643 490,906 4.Metro Tagaytay
13.25 10.02 8.86 7.30 1,234,880 642,395 407,869 244,943 3. Northern Cavite
12.69 11.97 10.36 7.88 1,182,581 759,975 476,979 264,378 2. Western Laguna
15.29 12.08 8.79 6.21 1,424,689 747,297 404,585 208,427 1. Northern Rizal
2000 1990 1980 1970 2000 1990 1980 1970
% SHARE TO TOTAL POP.
2/
POPULATION
1/
Catchment Areas/ Clusters
Source: 1/ NSO
2/ Computed
100 100 100 100 9,320,629 6,349,452 4,603,435 3,356,327 CALABARZON
34.82 39.64 44.96 50.62 3,282,707 2,547,163 2,093,392 1,718,383 Other Areas
65.18 60.36 55.04 49.38 6,075,396 3,832,763 2,533,680 1,657,466 Catchment Areas
4.82 5.28 5.57 6.02 449,070 335,333 256,224 201,985 8. Metro Lipa
4.92 5.93 6.33 6.23 458,872 376,254 291,240 209,079 7. Metro Batangas
8.69 9.92 10.66 11.50 809,934 629,956 490,736 386,083 6. San Pablo-Metro Lucena
2.16 1.85 1.49 1.49 313,946 204,024 137,404 92,665 5. Central Cavite
3.37 3.21 2.98 2.76 201,424 117,529 68,643 490,906 4.Metro Tagaytay
13.25 10.02 8.86 7.30 1,234,880 642,395 407,869 244,943 3. Northern Cavite
12.69 11.97 10.36 7.88 1,182,581 759,975 476,979 264,378 2. Western Laguna
15.29 12.08 8.79 6.21 1,424,689 747,297 404,585 208,427 1. Northern Rizal
2000 1990 1980 1970 2000 1990 1980 1970
% SHARE TO TOTAL POP.
2/
POPULATION
1/
Catchment Areas/ Clusters
8. Metro Lipa: Sto. Tomas-Malvar-Tanauan City-Lipa City
7. Metro Batangas: Batangas City-Bauan-San Pascual-San Jose-Mabini
6. San Pablo-Metro Lucena: San Pablo City (Laguna) -Tiaong_Candelaria-Pagbilao-Lucena City -Sariaya-Tayabas
5. Central Cavite Cluster: Rosario-Gen.Trias-Tanza-Trece Martires City
4. Metro Tagaytay: Tagaytay City Silang
3. Northern Cavite Cluster: Bacoor-Imus-Dasmarias-Carmona-GMA-Kawit-Noveleta-Cavite City
2. Western Laguna Cluster: San Pedro-Bian-Sta. Rosa City-Cabuyao-Calamba City-Los Baos-Bay
1. Northern Rizal Cluster: Rodriguez-San Mateo-Cainta-Taytay-Antipolo City
N.B. The following comprise the clusters or catchment areas:
8. Metro Lipa: Sto. Tomas-Malvar-Tanauan City-Lipa City
7. Metro Batangas: Batangas City-Bauan-San Pascual-San Jose-Mabini
6. San Pablo-Metro Lucena: San Pablo City (Laguna) -Tiaong_Candelaria-Pagbilao-Lucena City -Sariaya-Tayabas
5. Central Cavite Cluster: Rosario-Gen.Trias-Tanza-Trece Martires City
4. Metro Tagaytay: Tagaytay City Silang
3. Northern Cavite Cluster: Bacoor-Imus-Dasmarias-Carmona-GMA-Kawit-Noveleta-Cavite City
2. Western Laguna Cluster: San Pedro-Bian-Sta. Rosa City-Cabuyao-Calamba City-Los Baos-Bay
1. Northern Rizal Cluster: Rodriguez-San Mateo-Cainta-Taytay-Antipolo City
N.B. The following comprise the clusters or catchment areas:
112 112 112 112 112
grouped into eight so-called catchment
areas or clusters. On the other hand 34.8
percent of the population reside in other
97 municipalities/cities. The population
share of the catchment areas has increased
steadily from 1970 to 2000. This implies that
the concentration of the population has
been increasing rapidly in these catchment
areas. Of the eight major catchment areas,
the Northern Cluster (Rodriguez, San Mateo,
Cainta, Taytay, Antipolo) has the highest
population concentration.
1.2.3 Urban and Rural Population
Distribution
As of the last census, 67.4 percent of
the regions population lives in the urban
areas, compared with the national average of 48
percent. CALABARZON also has a higher proportion
of population living in urban areas than Central Luzon
(Region III) at which registered at 60 percent, Central
Visayas (Region VII) at 46.4 percent, and Northern
Mindanao (Region X) at 40.5 percent. Only NCR has
100 percent of its population residing in areas
classified as urban (Figure 2.46).
Almost all (96 %) people in Rizal are residing
in urban areas as of the 2000 census. Quezon
province on the other hand has 22 percent, the
lowest among the five provinces of the region. For
the four censal years, Rizal consistently has the
highest share of urban population followed by Cavite
and Laguna. In general, the share urban population
in CALABARZON has been increasing steadily as
shown in Table 2.68 compared with its rural
population, showing a reversal of trend.
1.3 Population Growth and Density
Compared with highly populated regions, such
as NCR, Central Luzon, Western Visayas and Southern
Mindanao, CALABARZON posted a higher population
growth rate between 1990 to 2000. Table 2.67 shows
that CALABARZON was the only
region which manifested a
steady increase in population
growth albeit less than the
population growth rate of NCR,
Western Visayas and Southern
Mindanao in the 1970s. It has
been observed that stating the
1970s, CALABARZON has
become a preferred migration
destination.
One of the reasons for in-
48.05 51.95
100.00 0.00
67.39 32.61
59.74 40.26
46.37 53.63
40.49 59.51
0 20 40 60 80 100
Philippines
NCR
IV-A
III
VII
X
Figure 2.46
Percentage Urban-Rural Popul ati on
by Sel ected Regi ons (i n Percent)
Philippines and Selected Regions , 2000
Urban Rural
Figure 2.46
Percentage Urban-Rural Population by
Selected Regions (In Percent)
Philippines and Selected Regions, 2000
1. Population Dimension
113 113 113 113 113
migration is the development of
subdivisions and housing sites in the
region, said sites being accessible to
workers in the NCR. By the year 2000,
the number of subdivisions registered
with the HLRUB reach 3,585, of which
33.1 percent are in Cavite, 30.8
percent in Laguna, and 15.7 percent
in Rizal.
Although in-migration
contributed significantly to the high
population growth rate, it may also be
mentioned that total fertility rate (TFR) is likewise
high at 3.69 per woman though slightly lower than
the national average of 3.75. The data indicates the
need to strengthen the reproductive health and
family planning programs in the region.
At the provincial level, the population growth
rate of provinces bordering NCR, namely Rizal,
Cavite and Laguna, are high and these provinces
which include among top five provinces nationwide
within the highest population growth rates. During
the 1990-2000 period, Cavites population grew
annually by six percent, Rizal registered 5.7 percent
and Laguna, 3.7 percent. Only the provinces of
Batangas and Quezon have lower population growth
rate than the region with 2.6 and 2.0 percent,
respectively (Table 2.68). The population growth
rate of Batangas is still higher than the national
average of 2.3 percent. Data pertaining to fertility
levels such as crude birth rates, however, show that
Quezon and Batangas have the highest rates.
Majority of the eight major catchment areas
in Cavite, Rizal and Laguna provinces have the
highest population growth rates topped by Northern
Cavite Cluster at 6.7 percent and Northern Rizal at
6.4 percent during the 1990-2000 period. The
catchment areas host the most number of
subdivisions and housing sites.
The CALABARZON is the second most densely
populated region in the country. Population density
more than doubled from a low 207 persons per square
kilometer in 1970 to 574 in 2000. Again, the three
provinces bordering NCR have very high population
densities: Cavite 1,602; Rizal 1,304 and Laguna
1,117 persons per sq. km. On the other hand, the
province of Quezon has the lowest population density
at 193 persons per square kilometer. It must be
emphasized however that Quezon province has the
smallest population among the five provinces but it
also has the biggest land area.
The catchment areas are the most densely
populated with its population density almost six
times compared to other areas of the region. All
catchment areas except for Tagaytay-Silang, San
Pablo, Metro Lucena and Metro Batangas, have one
thousand population or more per square kilometer.
The Northern Cavite recorded the highest at 4,463
persons per square km.
1.4 Age-Sex Structure
The population pyramid for year 2000 showed
that the regions population is still young with the
population below 15 years old comprising 36 percent
of the total population though lower than the
percentage share in 1990 of 38 percent. On the other
hand, the proportion of 65 years and over increased
slightly from three percent in 1990 to four percent
in 2000 (Figure 2.47).
Source: NSO
2.34 2.35 2.74 Philippines
2.62 2.28 4.34 Southern Mindanao
0.72 1.77 4.07 Western Visayas
2.25 2.98 4.10 National Capital Region
2.60 2.58 2.80 Central Luzon
3.91 3.27 3.21 CALABARZON
1990-2000 1980-90 1970-80 Area
Source: NSO
1990-2000 1980-90 1970-80 Area
Table 2.68
Population Growth Rate
Source: NSO
1990-2000 1980-90 1970-80 Area
Source: NSO
1990-2000 1980-90 1970-80 Area
Source: NSO
1990-2000 1980-90 1970-80 Area
Source: NSO
1990-2000 1980-90 1970-80 Area
Table 2.68
Source: NSO
1990-2000 1980-90 1970-80 Area
Source: NSO
1990-2000 1980-90 1970-80 Area
114 114 114 114 114
The combined young and old dependency level
is 64, which means that there are 64 dependents
per 100 working population. High dependency ratio
is closely associated with the level of poverty. This
is shown in the case of Quezon which has the highest
age dependency rates of 75 percent in 2000 and the
highest poverty incidence in the same period. Laguna
which has been experiencing a sustained drop in age
dependency ratio also had shown consistent decrease
in its poverty incidence as well as magnitude of poor
families. In the case of Cavite and Rizal, in 2000
where the age dependency ratios have also
increased, the magnitudes of poor families have
increased.
Comparison of the age sex structure of the two
censal years 1990 and 2000 showed similar patterns.
The age group 5-9 recorded the highest proportion
while the category 80 and above has the least. The
data also showed a slight increase in the proportion
of population 60 and over and a decrease in the
Table 2.69
Population Growth Rate and Density by Province and Cluster
Source: NSO
269 209 172 141 2.58 1.97 1.99 Other Areas
1,011 755 577 455 2.96 2.73 2.41 1.Metro Lipa
744 610 472 339 2.0 2.59 3.37 1.Metro Batangas
662 515 401 316 2.54 2.53 2.43 1.San Pablo Metro Lucena
934 545 318 231 4.4 4.03 4.02 1.Central Cavite
934 545 318 231 5.54 5.52 3.24 1.Tagaytay-Silang
4,463 2,322 1,474 885 6.75 4.65 5.23 1.Northern Cavite
3,379 2,171 1,363 755 4.52 4.77 6.08 1.Western Laguna
1,713 923 487 251 6.38 6.61 6.86 1.Northern Rizal
1,466 923 610 398 4.73 4.24 4.36 CatchmentAreas
1,304 747 424 235 5.74 5.81 5.82 5. Rizal
193 158 130 104 2.04 1.97 1.97 4. Quezon
1,117 779 553 398 3.68 3.48 3.49 3. Laguna
1,602 895 599 404 6.00 4.10 4.10 2. Cavite
602 466 371 293 2.58 2.32 2.32 1. Batangas
574 391 284 207 3.91 3.27 3.21 CALABARZON
2000 1990 1980 1970 1990-2000 1980-90 1970-80
Population Density Population Growth Rate
Area
Source: NSO
269 209 172 141 2.58 1.97 1.99 Other Areas
1,011 755 577 455 2.96 2.73 2.41 1.Metro Lipa
744 610 472 339 2.0 2.59 3.37 1.Metro Batangas
662 515 401 316 2.54 2.53 2.43 1.San Pablo Metro Lucena
934 545 318 231 4.4 4.03 4.02 1.Central Cavite
934 545 318 231 5.54 5.52 3.24 1.Tagaytay-Silang
4,463 2,322 1,474 885 6.75 4.65 5.23 1.Northern Cavite
3,379 2,171 1,363 755 4.52 4.77 6.08 1.Western Laguna
1,713 923 487 251 6.38 6.61 6.86 1.Northern Rizal
1,466 923 610 398 4.73 4.24 4.36 CatchmentAreas
1,304 747 424 235 5.74 5.81 5.82 5. Rizal
193 158 130 104 2.04 1.97 1.97 4. Quezon
1,117 779 553 398 3.68 3.48 3.49 3. Laguna
1,602 895 599 404 6.00 4.10 4.10 2. Cavite
602 466 371 293 2.58 2.32 2.32 1. Batangas
574 391 284 207 3.91 3.27 3.21 CALABARZON
2000 1990 1980 1970 1990-2000 1980-90 1970-80
Population Density Population Growth Rate
Area
Figure 2.47
Age-Sex Population Pyramid
CALABARZON, 2000
U n de r 1
1 - 4
5 - 9
10 - 1 4
15 - 1 9
20 - 2 4
25 - 2 9
30- 34
35 - 3 9
40 - 4 4
45 - 4 9
50 - 5 4
55 - 5 9
60 - 6 4
65- 69
70 - 7 4
75- 79
8 0+
6 3 0 3 6
U n de r 1
1 - 4
5 - 9
10 - 1 4
15 - 1 9
20 - 2 4
25 - 2 9
30- 34
35 - 3 9
40 - 4 4
45 - 4 9
50 - 5 4
55 - 5 9
60 - 6 4
65- 69
70 - 7 4
75- 79
8 0+
6 3 0 3 6
MALE
FEMALE
% TOTAL
115 115 115 115 115
under one year old. The increase in the proportion
for 60 years old and over would reflect reported
improvements in the mortality rates of the region
while the decrease of the proportion under one year
old could be attributed to declining birth rates and
in-migration especially among the economically
active population. With the slight change in the age-
sex structure the median age for the region slightly
increased from 20 in 1990 to 22 in 2000 (Table 2.70).
Only Quezon province has a median age below the
regional average.
In both censuses, the proportion of males
compared to females is higher from age zero until
the age group 45-49 where the proportions for both
sexes are almost equal. From the age-group 50-54
and onwards, however, the reverse is observed
wherein the females start to outnumber the males.
This pattern confirms previous studies that women
have longer life expectancies than females.
1.5 Fertility and Its Proximate Determinants
Although CALABARZONs high population
growth rate is largely due to migration and improving
death rates, data show that fertility level remains a
challenge for the region like
other areas of the country. The
regions total fertility rate (TFR)
or the average number of
children that would be born to a
woman over her lifetime if she
were to experience the current
age-specific fertility rates is 3.2.
This is lower compared with the
Philippines 3.5 but higher than
Region III with 3.1 and NCR with
2.8 children per woman. Below
are some fertility indicators
which show that the regions
fertility status are not far
different compared with the
national.
Table 2.70
Median Age, Sex Ratio and Age Dependency Ratio
CALABARZON, 1990, 1995 AND 2000
64.43 68.66 72.16 100 101 101 22 21 20 CALABARZON
62.75 65.36 68.07 101 100 100 22 21 21 Rizal
75.39 78.7 81.02 104 105 104 20 20 19 Quezon
60.18 64.36 68.87 98 100 101 23 22 21 Laguna
60.86 59.74 66.67 98 99 100 22 22 22 Cavite
66.35 69.31 74.67 101 101 101 22 21 20 Batangas
2000 1995 1990 2000 1995 1990 2000 1995 1990
AGE DEPENDENCY RATIO SEX RATIO MEDIANAGE
AREA
64.43 68.66 72.16 100 101 101 22 21 20 CALABARZON
62.75 65.36 68.07 101 100 100 22 21 21 Rizal
75.39 78.7 81.02 104 105 104 20 20 19 Quezon
60.18 64.36 68.87 98 100 101 23 22 21 Laguna
60.86 59.74 66.67 98 99 100 22 22 22 Cavite
66.35 69.31 74.67 101 101 101 22 21 20 Batangas
2000 1995 1990 2000 1995 1990 2000 1995 1990
AGE DEPENDENCY RATIO SEX RATIO MEDIANAGE
AREA
Source: NSO
SOURCE: National Demographic Survey
Table 2.71
Selected Fertility Indicators by Selected Regions
33.4 32.1 40.2 32.8 Contraceptive Use among Women (%
of women using any modern method
of contraceptive)
26.4 23.1 26.4 23.6 Percentage of women 15-24 years old
who have begun child-bearing
30.5 27.8 34.1 32.6 Median Number of Months since
Preceding Birth
4.3 3.2 4.1 3.8 Mean Number of Children Ever Born
to Women age 40-49
3.5 2.8 3.1 3.2 Total Fertility Rate
(Children per woman)
Philippines NCR III IV-A Indicators
33.4 32.1 40.2 32.8 Contraceptive Use among Women (%
of women using any modern method
of contraceptive)
26.4 23.1 26.4 23.6 Percentage of women 15-24 years old
who have begun child-bearing
30.5 27.8 34.1 32.6 Median Number of Months since
Preceding Birth
4.3 3.2 4.1 3.8 Mean Number of Children Ever Born
to Women age 40-49
3.5 2.8 3.1 3.2 Total Fertility Rate
(Children per woman)
Philippines NCR III IV-A Indicators
116 116 116 116 116
1.6 Migration
The data or migration in the country showed
that the whole of Southern Tagalog (CALABARAZON
and MIMAROPA) was a net in-migration area at 23
persons per 1,000 populations during the period
1985-1990. The migration of the people from NCR
and nearby regions is The 2000 Census shows that
about 90 percent of the population five years old
and over have not changed residence, i.e., they have
remained in the same municipality, city and province
for the past five years. This is lower compared to
1990 Census by three percentage points (Table 2.72).
This migration pattern is expected to continue due
to the employment opportunities offered in the
industrial areas, and the accessibility of subdivisions/
housing sites being developed in CALABARZON to
workers in NCR.
Among the provinces, Cavite continues to
register the lowest percentage of households who
did not change residence, from 90 percent in 1990
to 83 percent in 2000. Rizal has the next lowest
percentage of household who have not changed
residence but the change from the 1990 census is
not significant.
Movements within the provinces have also
increased indicating changes in socio-economic
characteristics, opportunities, peace and order,
among others. By province, Cavite, Rizal and Laguna
(in that order) remain on top. In the case of Batangas
and Quezon it is observed that more people in
Quezon moved from one town to another compared
to Batangas. It is noted that the data on urban
population between 1990 and 2000 showed several
municipalities of Quezon manifested de-urbanization
patterns. The reason for this could be improved
peace and order situations in the province and
employment opportunities in the rural areas such
as gold panning.
Of the total households with different
residence five years ago, 63.7 percent are female
while 37.3 are males. The pattern is the same in all
provinces where the females dominate the number
of households with different residence five years ago.
Among the foreign migrants, however, the males
slightly outnumbered the females (53%).
The dominance of female migrants indicates
partly that the type of employment opportunities in
the region, which do not require physical attributes
but may require higher-level educational
qualifications. It shall be pointed out that the length
of schooling is generally higher among women than
men.
The continued in-migration of women in the
region has long-term impact on population growth.
Source of Basic Data: NSO
92.95 93.37 93.18 90.12 91.06 90.59 CALABARZON
84.26 97.96 86.10 86.54 87.35 86.94 RIZAL
95.01 95.15 95.08 95.14 95.54 95.34 QUEZON
90.63 91.39 91.01 91.06 92.01 91.53 LAGUNA
89.25 89.77 89.51 84.33 85.43 84.87 CAVITE
96.16 96.33 96.32 94.45 95.45 94.95 BATANGAS
Female Male Total Female Male Total
1990 2000
Source of Basic Data: NSO
92.95 93.37 93.18 90.12 91.06 90.59 CALABARZON
84.26 97.96 86.10 86.54 87.35 86.94 RIZAL
95.01 95.15 95.08 95.14 95.54 95.34 QUEZON
90.63 91.39 91.01 91.06 92.01 91.53 LAGUNA
89.25 89.77 89.51 84.33 85.43 84.87 CAVITE
96.16 96.33 96.32 94.45 95.45 94.95 BATANGAS
Female Male Total Female Male Total
1990 2000
Table 2.72
Percentgae of Household Population
Five Years Old and Over who Remained in the
Same City/Municipality and Province Five Years Ago
Table 2.72
Percentgae of Household Population
Five Years Old and Over who Remained in the
Same City/Municipality and Province Five Years Ago
117 117 117 117 117
1.7 Population Momentum
Population momentum is another source of
population growth for the region aside from declining
birth rates, high fertility and in-migration. This
phenomenon refers to the percentage of the
population that are in their child bearing years who
have not yet had children, and thus are scheduled
to eventually have children which add to
the population through reproduction
(Wilkepedia).
The regions proportion of women
below 20 years was over 2 million as of
2000. This accounts for 45 percent of the
total number of women in the region. The
region has the highest total number of
women. Since the region has higher
percentage of women aged below 20, the
region will manifest larger population
growth in the future because there is such
a large percentage of the population
capable of having children. This means
the population will continue to grow,
even if the fertility rate reaches
replacement level. The reason is that
population momentum would have an
effect is that high fertility levels in the
past caused a largely young population
which still has to reach child-bearing
years.
1.8 Future Growth
With the CALABARZONs PGR of 3.97 percent,
its population is expected to double within 17.6
years. This is much shorter than the doubling time
of the Philippines of 31.4 years. The provinces with
the shortest doubling time are Cavite at 11.5 years
and Rizal, at 12 years, while Quezon has the longest
Source of basic data: Census of Population and Housing
10.00 11.58 11.71 100
Percentage share of female < 20 years old
from national total
44.79 40.91 44.95 47.02 Proportion female < 20 years old
1,785,040 2,068,084 2,091,962 17,858,223 Female <20 years old
3,985,063 5,054,718 4,654,288 37,979,811 Total Female Population
III NCR IV-A Philippines
Source of basic data: Census of Population and Housing
10.00 11.58 11.71 100
Percentage share of female < 20 years old
from national total
44.79 40.91 44.95 47.02 Proportion female < 20 years old
1,785,040 2,068,084 2,091,962 17,858,223 Female <20 years old
3,985,063 5,054,718 4,654,288 37,979,811 Total Female Population
III NCR IV-A Philippines
Table 2.73
Female Population Below 20 Years Old by Selected Regions
Philippines, 2000
Table 2.73
Female Population Below 20 Years Old by Selected Regions
Philippines, 2000
Table 2.74
Estimated Population Doubling Time of
CALABARZON Provinces and Catchment Areas
Source: NSO
23.3 2.96 8. Metro Lipa
34.5 2.0 7. Metro Batangas
27.16 2.54 6. San Pablo Metro Lucena
15.68 4.4 5. Central CaviteCluster
12.4 5.54 4. Tagaytay-Silang
10.22 6.75 3. Northern Cavite
15.27 4.52 2. Western Laguna
10.82 6.38 1. Northern Rizal Cluster
CatchmentAreas
12 5.74 5. Rizal
33.8 2.04 4. Quezon
18.8 3.68 3. Laguna
11.5 6.00 2. Cavite
26.7 2.58 1. Batangas
17.6 3.91 CALABARZON
Doubling Time
(Years)
PGR (1990
2000)
Source: NSO
23.3 2.96 8. Metro Lipa
34.5 2.0 7. Metro Batangas
27.16 2.54 6. San Pablo Metro Lucena
15.68 4.4 5. Central CaviteCluster
12.4 5.54 4. Tagaytay-Silang
10.22 6.75 3. Northern Cavite
15.27 4.52 2. Western Laguna
10.82 6.38 1. Northern Rizal Cluster
CatchmentAreas
12 5.74 5. Rizal
33.8 2.04 4. Quezon
18.8 3.68 3. Laguna
11.5 6.00 2. Cavite
26.7 2.58 1. Batangas
17.6 3.91 CALABARZON
Doubling Time
(Years)
PGR (1990
2000)
118 118 118 118 118
at 33.8 years, longer than the national average (Table
2.74). Among the catchment areas, the Northern
Rizal Cluster has the fastest doubling time at 9.3
years while the Batangas City-Bauan-San Pascual the
SOURCE: NSO
5,907,804 5,739,242 5,405,836 4,980,588 4,513,532 4,038,143 3,282,707 OTHER AREAS
584,063 652,863 660,868 632,550 584,191 526,412 449,070 8. Sto. Tomas-Malvar-Tanauan-Lipa
268,274 411,793 481,370 503,545 496,360 471,935 421,398
7. Batangas City-Bauan-San
Pascual-San Jose
1,226,890 1,238,971 1,194,348 1,117,364 1,024,139 925,109 809,934
6. San Pablo City- Tiaong-
Candelaria-Sariaya-Lucena City-
Pagbilao
519,479 495,388 447,130 388,531 328,012 270,426 201,424 5. Tagaytay-Silang
649,413 643,003 598,874 535,872 465,898 396,177 313,946 4. Rosario-Gen. Trias-Tanza-TMC
8,277,423 6,047,638 4,418,714 3,227,845 2,356,625 1,718,863 1,234,880
3. Bacoor-Imus-Dasmarias-Kawit-
GMA-Carmona-Noveleta
CaviteCity
3,961,345 3,292,866 2,718,989 2,232,117 1,822,996 1,481,922 1,182,581
2. SnPedro-Binan-Sta. Rosa-
Cabuyao-Calamba-Los Baos-
Bay
8,625,439 6,413,735 4,767,225 3,541,194 2,628,117 1,948,061 1,424,689
1. Rondriguez-San Mateo-Cainta-
Taytay-Antipolo-Angono-
Binangonan
23,547,639 18,576,014 14,666,232 11,588,759 9,164,345 7,252,845 6,075,396 CatchmentAreas
8,211,973 6,357,584 4,914,160 3,790,634 2,916,264 2,236,054 1,707,218 5. Rizal
2,180,341 2,248,510 2,215,902 2,120,247 1,987,835 1,836,716 1,679,030 4. Quezon
4,916,087 4,318,854 3,751,312 3,227,657 2,754,729 2,334,506 1,965,872 3. Laguna
10,952,775 8,321,572 6,318,149 4,791,649 3,627,873 2,740,268 2,063,161 2. Cavite
3,194,268 3,068,735 2,872,545 2,639,160 2,391,176 2,143,445 1,905,348 1. Batangas
29,455,444 24,315,256 20,072,068 16,569,347 13,677,876 11,290,988 9,320,629 CALABARZON
2030 2025 2020 2015 2010 2005 2000
5,907,804 5,739,242 5,405,836 4,980,588 4,513,532 4,038,143 3,282,707 OTHER AREAS
584,063 652,863 660,868 632,550 584,191 526,412 449,070 8. Sto. Tomas-Malvar-Tanauan-Lipa
268,274 411,793 481,370 503,545 496,360 471,935 421,398
7. Batangas City-Bauan-San
Pascual-San Jose
1,226,890 1,238,971 1,194,348 1,117,364 1,024,139 925,109 809,934
6. San Pablo City- Tiaong-
Candelaria-Sariaya-Lucena City-
Pagbilao
519,479 495,388 447,130 388,531 328,012 270,426 201,424 5. Tagaytay-Silang
649,413 643,003 598,874 535,872 465,898 396,177 313,946 4. Rosario-Gen. Trias-Tanza-TMC
8,277,423 6,047,638 4,418,714 3,227,845 2,356,625 1,718,863 1,234,880
3. Bacoor-Imus-Dasmarias-Kawit-
GMA-Carmona-Noveleta
CaviteCity
3,961,345 3,292,866 2,718,989 2,232,117 1,822,996 1,481,922 1,182,581
2. SnPedro-Binan-Sta. Rosa-
Cabuyao-Calamba-Los Baos-
Bay
8,625,439 6,413,735 4,767,225 3,541,194 2,628,117 1,948,061 1,424,689
1. Rondriguez-San Mateo-Cainta-
Taytay-Antipolo-Angono-
Binangonan
23,547,639 18,576,014 14,666,232 11,588,759 9,164,345 7,252,845 6,075,396 CatchmentAreas
8,211,973 6,357,584 4,914,160 3,790,634 2,916,264 2,236,054 1,707,218 5. Rizal
2,180,341 2,248,510 2,215,902 2,120,247 1,987,835 1,836,716 1,679,030 4. Quezon
4,916,087 4,318,854 3,751,312 3,227,657 2,754,729 2,334,506 1,965,872 3. Laguna
10,952,775 8,321,572 6,318,149 4,791,649 3,627,873 2,740,268 2,063,161 2. Cavite
3,194,268 3,068,735 2,872,545 2,639,160 2,391,176 2,143,445 1,905,348 1. Batangas
29,455,444 24,315,256 20,072,068 16,569,347 13,677,876 11,290,988 9,320,629 CALABARZON
2030 2025 2020 2015 2010 2005 2000
Table 2.75
Actual and Projected Population by Province and Catchment Areas
CALABARZON. 2000-2030
slowest, at 23.3 years.
The population of CALABARZON is expected to
reach 13.6 million by 2010, 20.1 million in 2020,
and 29.4 million in 2030. Cavite province will remain
119 119 119 119 119
as the most populous province while Quezon, the
least population due to unabated migration and slow
fertility reductions, the populations of all the
provinces will continue to grow within the next 30
years (Table 2.75). Whether or not the population
growth of the region and its provinces will decelerate
within the next decade depends on how the other
parts of the country will be able to hasten their
development.
1.9 Issues/Concerns
The following issues are evident in the region
as consequences of rapid population growth.
a. Encroachment of Environmentally
Critical Areas
Lakeshore municipalities of Laguna Lake
Bian, San Pedro, Calamba, Cabuyao and
Kalayaan in the province of Laguna, and Taytay,
Binangonan and Angono in the province of Rizal
have PGRs higher than the regional average.
Some municipalities around Taal Lake also have
PGRs higher than that of the province of
Batangas Agoncillo, Talisay, Lipa City, Balete
and Mataas na Kahoy. Municipalities which host
Watershed Forest Reserves (WFR) with high
PGRs are Antipolo City (8.7 %) in Rizal, and
Infanta (3.7 %), and Quezon (2.6 %) in Quezon.
b. Pollution
Based on studies of areas in Cavite and
Laguna which are part of the the CALA Project,
pollution is still mangeable in the area. The
levels of sulfur dioxide and total suspended
particles are about 12 percent and 33 percent
below DENRs maximum allowable level. There
is increasing concern in industrial and heavy
vehicular traffic areas especially given urban
expansion from Metro Manila which has a level
of air pollution 2 3 times higher than
acceptable World Health Offices standards.
c. Employment
The increase in the working age
population implies the need to generate more
jobs. Data on employment, however, show that
as the labor force participation rates are
increasing, the employment rates continue to
drop. Underemployment is also rising.
d. Infrastructure Facilities
The need to improve accessibility and
increase availability of transport, power, water
and other infrastructure facilities should
consider both the produced demands of
households and the industrial and commercial
sectors.
e. Housing, Education, Health and other
Social Development Facilities
Rapid urbanization also demands
adequate and timely delivery of health,
education and other social services, which
cannot be provided most expeditiously because
of limitations in human, material and financial
resources. The analyses of existing data have
indicated shortages in housing, education and
health facilities shortages in various parts of
the region.
120 120 120 120 120
Regional Economy and
Employment Situation 2
The Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP)
is the estimated total income or output of goods
and services produced in the region as accounted
for by the following sectors: industry, services, and
agriculture. For the period 1992-2001, the GRDP
data reflect the combined output of the erstwhile
Southern Tagalog Region (STR) (or the total for
CALABARZON and MIMAROPA), while the data for
2003-2005 include only that of CALABARZON.
2.1 Regional Growth and Share to National
Economy
The combined GRDP for CALABARZON and
MIMAROPA expanded from P113.5B in 1992 to
P163.2B in 2002 at constant prices or an average
annual growth rate of 3.7 percent (Table 2.76). This
rate of annual growth is slightly higher than the Gross
Domestic Product (GDP) of 3.6 percent over the
same period. For the period 2003-
2005, the new GRDP configuration
for CALABARZON region showed
increased from P140.7B to P150.9B
which is more than 80 percent of
the overall GRDP of the STR.
The GRDP share to the
national total was maintained at
about 15.8 percent. This share
ranked second only to NCR. Region
IV and NCR, together with Region
III, accounted for about 60 percent
annual average of the countrys
domestic output. In 2003, the
percentage share of the
CALABARZON region reduced
slightly to 12.97. The industry and
services sector were the main
contributors to the national output,
again placing the STR and
CALABARZON region in particular
second to Metro Manila. Agriculture,
on the other hand, had the largest
share in the countrys Gross Value
Added (GVA) among all regions,
Table 2.76
Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) and Growth Rates
Philippines, Southern Tagalog, 1992-2002 and CALABARZON, 2002-2005
At Constant Prices (1985=100)
* Data for 2003-2005 are GRDP for CALABARZON
Source: Philippine Statistical Yearbook, NSCB
2.9 4.7 12.47 150,870 1,209,473 2005*
3.9 5.8 12.70 146,407 1,152,173 2004*
- 3.5 12.97 140,746 1,085,072 2003*
8.1 5.7 15.57 162,840 1,046,083 2002
2.8 3.2 15.22 150,585 989,259 2001
3.5 4.4 15.28 146,478 958,411 2000
1.7 3.4 15.42 141,561 918,161 1999
-1.3 -0.6 15.67 139,144 888,001 1998
4.5 5.2 15.78 140,912 893,151 1997
7.6 5.8 15.88 134,814 849,121 1996
4.2 4.7 15.61 125,248 802,224 1995
4.7 4.4 15.68 120,155 766,368 1994
1.1 2.1 15.64 114,787 734,156 1993
15.79 113,545 718,941 1992
Region IV
(%)
Philippines
(%)
Region IV Philippines
Growth Rate
%Share of
Reg. IV
GRDP (in Php000,000)
Year
* Data for 2003-2005 are GRDP for CALABARZON
Source: Philippine Statistical Yearbook, NSCB
2.9 4.7 12.47 150,870 1,209,473 2005*
3.9 5.8 12.70 146,407 1,152,173 2004*
- 3.5 12.97 140,746 1,085,072 2003*
8.1 5.7 15.57 162,840 1,046,083 2002
2.8 3.2 15.22 150,585 989,259 2001
3.5 4.4 15.28 146,478 958,411 2000
1.7 3.4 15.42 141,561 918,161 1999
-1.3 -0.6 15.67 139,144 888,001 1998
4.5 5.2 15.78 140,912 893,151 1997
7.6 5.8 15.88 134,814 849,121 1996
4.2 4.7 15.61 125,248 802,224 1995
4.7 4.4 15.68 120,155 766,368 1994
1.1 2.1 15.64 114,787 734,156 1993
15.79 113,545 718,941 1992
Region IV
(%)
Philippines
(%)
Region IV Philippines
Growth Rate
%Share of
Reg. IV
GRDP (in Php000,000)
Year
121 121 121 121 121
despite the fact that the agriculture had a relatively
smaller share to GRDP as compared with industry
and services.
2.2 Sectoral Distribution of GRDP
Industry, services and agriculture output are
measured in terms of Gross Value Added. The
assessment of the regional economic structure of
the region as shown in Table 2.77 was based on
the relative change in the percentage shares of the
three sectors and the possible major contributions
of the CALABARZON and MIMAROPA regions for its
sector.
2.2.1 Industry Sector
During the ten-year period, 1992 to 2002, the
industry sector contributed the highest share to the
GRDP at an average of 43.20 percent annually. The
sectors performance varied during the period. The
share of the sector in the GRDP increased from 43.37
percent in 1992 to 44.20 percent in 1997, followed
with a declined in the share in 1998 to 2001 with
42.00 percent and back in 2002 to 43.20 percent.
The industry sectors output grew at an average
annual rate of 6.50 percent, or 2.90 percentage
points higher than the GRDP growth rate.
Manufacturing, construction and electricity, gas and
water sub-sectors were the main contributors of the
sector.
The manufacturing industry accounted for
almost one-third of the overall regional economy
and contributed an average of 19 to 20 percent to
the national output in manufacturing. This sub-
sector grew at an average of 2.95 percent, a little
higher than the national growth rate of 2.53 percent.
The increased share in the manufacturing industry
was attributed to the growth in production in the
industrial parks/estates in CALABARZON particularly
in the late 1990s when the Ecozone Act of 1995
took effect. Prior to this Act, there were only 9
proclaimed industrial estates in CALABARZON. This
SOURCE: Philippine Statistical Yearbook
Table 2.77
Average Share to GDP,
GVA and GRDP by Sector
Southern Tagalog and CALABARZON Region,
1992-2005
SHARE TO
GRDP
SHARE TO
GVA
SHARE TO
GDP
SECTOR
Southern TagalogRegion (1992-2002)
Source of basic data: Philippine Statistical Yearbook
19.6 12.77 2.5 Agriculture
38.5 10.33 4.9 Services
41.9 16.07 5.2 Industry
CALABARZONRegion (2003-2005)
31.61 12.89 4.93 Services
43.2 16.71 7.16 Industry
SHARE TO
GRDP
SHARE TO
GVA
SHARE TO
GDP
SECTOR
Southern TagalogRegion (1992-2002)
Source of basic data: Philippine Statistical Yearbook
38.5 10.33 4.9 Services
41.9 16.07 5.2 Industry
CALABARZONRegion (2003-2005)
31.61 12.89 4.93 Services
43.2 16.71 7.16 Industry
increased to 34 out of the total 77 proclaimed
ecozones in the country. Of the 34 proclaimed
ecozones in CALABARZON, 25 are now fully
operational as against the total 45 for the country.
Gross value added for construction, electricity,
gas and water, likewise increased at an average
annual growth rate of 5.9 percent and 4.9 percent,
respectively. Just like the manufacturing industry,
the construction and electricity, gas and water
sectors consistently ranked second to Metro Manila
in terms of share to the GVA of the sector.
2.2.2 Service Sector
The gross value added for the service sector
increased its share to the regional output from 29.57
percent in 1992 to 33.79 percent in 2002. This was
mainly due to the steady growth of the sub sectors
(transportation, communication and storage, trade,
finance, ownership of dwelling, private and
government service). The trade industry, the main
growth driver of the sector posted a faster growth
at 6.4 percent during 2001-2002 from its 3.0 percent
performance in 1993. In absolute terms, the GVA
rose from P15.6B in 1992 to P26.4B in 2002,
contributing an average of more than 40 percent to
122 122 122 122 122
the overall regional income of the sector. The
development of the small and medium enterprises,
expansion and modernization of trade support
facilities such as ports and road networks led to the
income expansion in the service sector as a whole.
2.2.3 Agriculture Sector
The agriculture, fishery and forestry sub-sector
contributed 19 percent to the overall agriculture
sector output during the ten-year period. The GVA
gradually increased from P31.01B in 1992 to P37.47B
in 2002, mostly income from agriculture and fishery
sub-sectors. The income in forestry sub-sector
declined from P228M in 1998 to only P49M in 2002.
On the whole, this made the Southern Tagalog Region
the biggest contributor to the national income in
agriculture. The sector sustained its high
production with the massive implementation of
the Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act
(AFMA) in the region, effectively shielding the sector
from the effects of the rapid agricultural land
conversion to residential, industrial and commercial
uses particularly in CALABARZON.
The MIMAROPA region, which is dominantly an
agricultural area, had accounted for the biggest
share to the total regional output. The bulk of
CALABARZONs share came mainly from the
production of hogs, chicken, egg and crops such as
coconut, cacao, pineapple, and sugarcane. The
increasing number of slaughterhouses made the
CALABARZON region as one the countrys main source
of livestock and poultry products.
2.3 Economic Specialization
The degree of a regions economic
specialization is largely determined by its economic
activities and employment levels. In the past years,
the economic activities in CALABARZON were
influenced by those of the National Capital Region
due to their proximate locations. The economic
activities in CALABARZON are dominated by the
services and industry sectors. The employment
levels also showed that the service and industry
sectors accounted for the bulk of regional
employment averaging at 47.19 and 29.84 percent,
respectively during the 1994-2000 period. In terms
of the share to the national employment, the service
sector contributed 9.67 percent while the industry
sector 15.21 percent. These indicators would show
that the region is found to be specialized in the
services and industry sector particularly in
manufacturing given its significant contribution to
the national economy. This is expected as the region
continues to absorb the spill-over effects of Metro
Manilas development.
The economic activities under the service
sector include (1) community, social and personal
services, (2) wholesale and retail trade, (3) finance
and transportation, (4) storage and (5)
communication. A fast-growing industry sector
would demand for these types of support services.
Other contributions that caused the upsurge in
demand for services were the continuous
development and promotion of the small and
medium enterprises and the expansion and
modernization of trade support facilities such as
ports (Dalahican in Quezon and Batangas Port) and
road networks. These make the CALABARZON
function as a domestic and international cargo
transshipment and trading hub in the country.
Likewise, the region is a favorite destination of
multinational firms outsourcing information and
technology-related ventures in the country. Housing
projects and the establishment of hotels, malls,
restaurants, hospitals, educational and banking
institutions also attributed to the increased demand
for economic activities in the service sector.
The industry sector encompasses activities in
(1) manufacturing, (2) construction and (3) electric,
gas and water. Increased industrial activities were
fueled by the expansion of and continuous
development of industrial estates and ecozones. At
present, CALABARZON plays host in 25 ecozones.
2. Regional Economy and Employment Situation
123 123 123 123 123
Most locators are of the assembly type-industries
utilizing imported raw materials, which are not agri-
based. The bulk of exports products are electronics,
semi-conductors, chemicals and garments, which
were generated in the provinces of Laguna, Cavite
and Batangas. The biggest number of establishments
(with 10 or more workers) comprises manufacturing
industries such as processed food, garments and
footwear industry, housewares, decors and wood
products, electronics, among others. Most of these
industries are located in the urban areas of
CALABARZON particularly in Antipolo, Cainta and
Taytay, Rizal, Bacoor, Imus, Carmona, Silang and
Dasmarias, Cavite, San Pedro, Binan, Cabuyao, Sta.
Cruz, Los Baos, Calamba, San Pablo and Sta Rosa,
Laguna, while in Batangas province in the cities of
Batangas Lipa and Tanauan and in the municipalities
of Sto. Tomas, Bauan and San Pascual and in Lucena
City, Candelaria, Sariaya Quezon.
The share of the regions employment in
agriculture to the countrys employment in
agriculture declined from 5.70 in 1994 to 4.70
percent in 2000. The development of the agriculture
sector particularly in crop production was
constrained by the conversion of the regions
agricultural lands into other uses as a result of
urbanization and industrialization particularly in the
lowland areas of Cavite, Laguna and Rizal. Activities
in the agriculture sector varied across provinces.
Crops and fishery production are concentrated in
Quezon given the terrain of all land area. Batangas,
Laguna and Rizal where slaughterhouses and poultry
farms are located, have become the main sources
of hogs, livestock, and poultry products not only
for the region but also for the country. As a whole,
other agricultural activities in the region consist of
rice, coconut, cacao, pineapple, sugarcane and other
crop productions.
2.4 Employment Situation
The regions total population of 15 years old
and over increased from 4.2 million in 1993 to 6.1
million in 2001 or about 60 percent of the total
population in CALABARZON (Table 2.78). This showed
an average annual growth rate of 4.49 percent over
the same period. The labor force participation rates
showed an increasing trend during this period,
reaching a high 66.4 percent in 2001 The regions
working population (total number of person
employed) reached 3.9 million in 2002 from 2.6
million in 1993. On the average labor force grew by
4.1 percent, higher than the average annual
employment growth rate of 3.8 percent. This means
that the entrants to the labor force grew faster than
the total number of people employed.
For the period 1993 to 2002, average
employment rate as computed, stood at
89.93, lower than the national average at
90.99 percent but better than the National
Capital Regions average at 84.40 percent.
The regions highest employment rate was
recorded in 1996 at 92.63 percent, with the
increased demand for labor in the industrial
estates/economic zones. The lowest rate
was recorded in 2002 at 87.06 percent due
to domestic economic crisis and political
problems experienced in the country. It may
be noted that employment in the urban areas
expanded at a higher rate than in the rural
SOURCE: National Statistics Office
Figure 2.48
Distribution of Manufacturing Establishment, 2000
16%
17%
31%
15%
21%
Batangas Cavite Laguna Quezon Rizal Batangas Cavite Laguna Quezon Rizal
SOURCE: National Statistics Office
Figure 2.48
Distribution of Manufacturing Establishment, 2000
16%
17%
31%
15%
21%
Batangas Cavite Laguna Quezon Rizal Batangas Cavite Laguna Quezon Rizal
124 124 124 124 124
areas with the difference of 3.55 percentage point
for the period 1994 to 2002 (Table 2.79). This shows
more job opportunities were available in the urban
areas than in the rural areas. It was likewise
observed that, for the period 1998 to 2002, the
regional employment was dominated by the male
population which accounted for an average of 60
percent of the labor market.
Unemployment rate rose to 12.92 percent in
2002 from 9.27 percent in 1993. The increasing trend
in unemployment in the region would indicate that
aside from the recorded workers laid off and
retrenched in 1998 due to economic crisis, the region
was not able to provide jobs to the new entrants to
the labor force as a result of the rapid increase in
the regions workforce population and in-migration
Table 2.78
Population 15 Years Old and Over by Sex and Employment Status, Urban- Rural
Source of basic data: Labor Force Survery, NSO
172 1443 3170 342 2026 2971 515 3470 6139 Total
54 470 1043 80 799 1036 135 1269 2079 Rural
118 973 2127 262 1227 1935 380 2201 4060 Urban 2002
165 1439 3032 287 2048 2902 453 3484 5935 Total
47 478 986 69 789 1004 117 1265 1991 Rural
118 961 2046 218 1259 1898 336 2219 3944 Urban 2001
134 1274 2901 297 1898 2801 431 3172 5704 Total
35 408 949 73 723 969 109 1132 1919 Rural
99 866 1952 224 1175 1832 322 2040 3785 Urban 2000
98 1048 2519 213 1748 2411 313 2795 4931 Total
39 381 938 68 755 950 108 1136 1889 Rural
59 667 1581 145 993 1461 205 1659 3042 Urban 1999
98 1048 2519 213 1748 2411 313 2795 4931 Total
39 381 938 68 755 950 108 1136 1889 Rural
59 667 1581 145 993 1461 205 1659 3042 Urban 1998
82 1040 2440 170 1736 2344 254 2772 4787 Total
30 370 911 49 757 945 80 1125 1857 Rural
52 670 1529 121 979 1399 174 1647 2930 Urban 1997
66 953 2318 147 1756 2328 216 2711 4648 Total
17 351 870 41 752 923 59 1104 1793 Rural
49 602 1448 106 1004 1405 157 1607 2855 Urban 1996
90 967 2275 188 1590 2238 276 2559 4511 Total
27 346 872 61 707 928 87 1053 1800 Rural
63 621 1403 127 883 1310 189 1506 2711 Urban 1995
88 896 2186 172 1546 2184 260 2439 4368 Total
30 336 842 55 708 931 85 1041 1773 Rural
58 560 1344 117 838 1253 175 1398 2595 Urban 1994
Un-
employed
Employed
Un-
employed
Employed
Un-
employed
Employed
In the Labor Force
Pop'n15
yrs and
over
In the Labor Force
Pop'n15
yrs and
over
In the Labor Force
Pop'n15
yrs and
over
Female Male Both Sexes
Area Year
172 1443 3170 342 2026 2971 515 3470 6139 Total
54 470 1043 80 799 1036 135 1269 2079 Rural
118 973 2127 262 1227 1935 380 2201 4060 Urban 2002
165 1439 3032 287 2048 2902 453 3484 5935 Total
47 478 986 69 789 1004 117 1265 1991 Rural
118 961 2046 218 1259 1898 336 2219 3944 Urban 2001
134 1274 2901 297 1898 2801 431 3172 5704 Total
35 408 949 73 723 969 109 1132 1919 Rural
99 866 1952 224 1175 1832 322 2040 3785 Urban 2000
98 1048 2519 213 1748 2411 313 2795 4931 Total
39 381 938 68 755 950 108 1136 1889 Rural
59 667 1581 145 993 1461 205 1659 3042 Urban 1999
98 1048 2519 213 1748 2411 313 2795 4931 Total
39 381 938 68 755 950 108 1136 1889 Rural
59 667 1581 145 993 1461 205 1659 3042 Urban 1998
82 1040 2440 170 1736 2344 254 2772 4787 Total
30 370 911 49 757 945 80 1125 1857 Rural
52 670 1529 121 979 1399 174 1647 2930 Urban 1997
66 953 2318 147 1756 2328 216 2711 4648 Total
17 351 870 41 752 923 59 1104 1793 Rural
49 602 1448 106 1004 1405 157 1607 2855 Urban 1996
90 967 2275 188 1590 2238 276 2559 4511 Total
27 346 872 61 707 928 87 1053 1800 Rural
63 621 1403 127 883 1310 189 1506 2711 Urban 1995
88 896 2186 172 1546 2184 260 2439 4368 Total
30 336 842 55 708 931 85 1041 1773 Rural
58 560 1344 117 838 1253 175 1398 2595 Urban 1994
Un-
employed
Employed
Un-
employed
Employed
Un-
employed
Employed
In the Labor Force
Pop'n15
yrs and
over
In the Labor Force
Pop'n15
yrs and
over
In the Labor Force
Pop'n15
yrs and
over
Area Year
Table 2.78
172 1443 3170 342 2026 2971 515 3470 6139 Total
54 470 1043 80 799 1036 135 1269 2079 Rural
118 973 2127 262 1227 1935 380 2201 4060 Urban 2002
165 1439 3032 287 2048 2902 453 3484 5935 Total
47 478 986 69 789 1004 117 1265 1991 Rural
118 961 2046 218 1259 1898 336 2219 3944 Urban 2001
134 1274 2901 297 1898 2801 431 3172 5704 Total
35 408 949 73 723 969 109 1132 1919 Rural
99 866 1952 224 1175 1832 322 2040 3785 Urban 2000
98 1048 2519 213 1748 2411 313 2795 4931 Total
39 381 938 68 755 950 108 1136 1889 Rural
59 667 1581 145 993 1461 205 1659 3042 Urban 1999
98 1048
Table 2.78
172 1443 3170 342 2026 2971 515 3470 6139 Total
54 470 1043 80 799 1036 135 1269 2079 Rural
118 973 2127 262 1227 1935 380 2201 4060 Urban 2002
165 1439 3032 287 2048 2902 453 3484 5935 Total
47 478 986 69 789 1004 117 1265 1991 Rural
118 961 2046 218 1259 1898 336 2219 3944 Urban 2001
134 1274 2901 297 1898 2801 431 3172 5704 Total
35 408 949 73 723 969 109 1132 1919 Rural
99 866 1952 224 1175 1832 322 2040 3785 Urban 2000
98 1048 2519 213 1748 2411 313 2795 4931 Total
39 381 938 68 755 950 108 1136 1889 Rural
59 667 1581 145 993 1461 205 1659 3042 Urban 1999
98 1048 2519 213 1748 2411 313 2795 4931 Total
39 381 938 68 755 950 108 1136 1889 Rural
59 667 1581 145 993 1461 205 1659 3042 Urban 1998
82 1040 2440 170 1736 2344 254 2772 4787 Total
30 370 911 49 757 945 80 1125 1857 Rural
52 670 1529 121 979 1399 174 1647 2930 Urban 1997
66 953 2318 147 1756 2328 216 2711 4648 Total
17 351 870 41 752 923 59 1104 1793 Rural
49 602 1448 106 1004 1405 157 1607 2855 Urban 1996
90 967 2275 188 1590 2238 276 2559 4511 Total
27 346 872 61 707 928 87 1053 1800 Rural
63 621 1403 127 883 1310 189 1506 2711 Urban 1995
88 896 2186 172 1546 2184 260 2439 4368 Total
30
2519 213 1748 2411 313 2795 4931 Total
39 381 938 68 755 950 108 1136 1889 Rural
59 667 1581 145 993 1461 205 1659 3042 Urban 1998
82 1040 2440 170 1736 2344 254 2772 4787 Total
30 370 911 49 757 945 80 1125 1857 Rural
52 670 1529 121 979 1399 174 1647 2930 Urban 1997
66 953 2318 147 1756 2328 216 2711 4648 Total
17 351 870 41 752 923 59 1104 1793 Rural
49 602 1448 106 1004 1405 157 1607 2855 Urban 1996
90 967 2275 188 1590 2238 276 2559 4511 Total
27 346 872 61 707 928 87 1053 1800 Rural
63 621 1403 127 883 1310 189 1506 2711 Urban 1995
88 896 2186 172 1546 2184 260 2439 4368 Total
30 336 842 55 708 931 85 1041 1773 Rural
58 560 1344 117 838 1253 175 1398 2595 Urban 1994
Un-
employed
Employed
Un-
employed
Employed
Un-
employed
Employed
In the Labor Force
Pop'n15
yrs and
over
In the Labor Force
Pop'n15
yrs and
over
In the Labor Force
Pop'n15
yrs and
over
Area Year
172 1443 3170 342 2026 2971 515 3470 6139 Total
54 470 1043 80 799 1036 135 1269 2079 Rural
118 973 2127 262 1227 1935 380 2201 4060 Urban 2002
165 1439 3032 287 2048 2902 453 3484 5935 Total
47 478 986 69 789 1004 117 1265 1991 Rural
118 961 2046 218 1259 1898 336 2219 3944 Urban 2001
134 1274 2901 297 1898 2801 431
336 842 55 708 931 85 1041 1773 Rural
58 560 1344 117 838 1253 175 1398 2595 Urban 1994
Un-
employed
Employed
Un-
employed
Employed
Un-
employed
Employed
In the Labor Force
Pop'n15
yrs and
over
In the Labor Force
Pop'n15
yrs and
over
In the Labor Force
Pop'n15
yrs and
over
Area Year
172 1443 3170 342 2026 2971 515 3470 6139 Total
54 470 1043 80 799 1036 135 1269 2079 Rural
118 973 2127 262 1227 1935 380 2201 4060 Urban 2002
165 1439 3032 287 2048 2902 453 3484 5935 Total
47 478 986 69 789 1004 117 1265 1991 Rural
118 961 2046 218 1259 1898 336 2219 3944 Urban 2001
134 1274 2901 297 1898 2801 431 3172 5704 Total
35 408 949 73 723 969 109 1132 1919 Rural
99 866 1952 224 1175 1832 322 2040 3785 Urban 2000
98 1048 2519 213 1748 2411 313 2795 4931 Total
39 381 938 68 755 950 108 1136 1889 Rural
59 667 1581 145 993 1461 205 1659 3042 Urban 1999
98 1048 2519 213 1748 2411 313 2795 4931 Total
39 381 938 68 755 950 108 1136 1889 Rural
59 667 1581 145 993 1461 205 1659 3042 Urban 1998
82 1040 2440 170 1736 2344 254 2772 4787 Total
30 370 911 49 757 945 80 1125 1857 Rural
52 670 1529 121 979 1399 174 1647 2930 Urban 1997
66 953 2318 147 1756 2328 216 2711 4648 Total
17 351 870 41 752 923 59 1104 1793 Rural
3172 5704 Total
35 408 949 73 723 969 109 1132 1919 Rural
99 866 1952 224 1175 1832 322 2040 3785 Urban 2000
98 1048 2519 213 1748 2411 313 2795 4931 Total
39 381 938 68 755 950 108 1136 1889 Rural
59 667 1581 145 993 1461 205 1659 3042 Urban 1999
98 1048 2519 213 1748 2411 313 2795 4931 Total
39 381 938 68 755 950 108 1136 1889 Rural
59 667 1581 145 993 1461 205 1659 3042 Urban 1998
82 1040 2440 170 1736 2344 254 2772 4787 Total
30 370 911 49 757 945 80 1125 1857 Rural
52 670 1529 121 979 1399 174 1647 2930 Urban 1997
66 953 2318 147 1756 2328 216 2711 4648 Total
17 351 870 41 752 923 59 1104 1793 Rural
49 602 1448 106 1004 1405 157 1607 2855 Urban 1996
90 967 2275 188 1590 2238 276 2559 4511 Total
27 346 872 61 707 928 87 1053 1800 Rural
63 621 1403 127 883 1310 189 1506 2711 Urban 1995
88 896 2186 172 1546 2184 260 2439 4368 Total
30 336 842 55 708 931 85 1041 1773 Rural
58 560 1344 117 838 1253 175 1398 2595 Urban 1994
Un-
employed
Employed
Un-
employed
Employed
Un-
employed
Employed
In the Labor Force
Pop'n15
yrs and
over
In the Labor Force
Pop'n15
yrs and
over
In the Labor Force
Pop'n15
yrs and
over
Area Year
125 125 125 125 125
SOURCE: NSO
Table 2.80
Employment by Industry (In thousands)
6.31 4.69 2.19 Ave. Growth Rate
1904 508 1396 895 256 639 678 498 180 2002
1821 503 1318 883 240 643 641 465 176 2001
1531 452 1079 809 248 561 571 416 155 2000
1450 460 990 789 249 540 634 469 165 1999
1367 428 939 816 265 551 594 437 157 1998
982 298 684 923 300 623 669 406 263 1997
925 275 650 884 282 602 660 407 253 1996
850 266 584 608 172 436 505 334 171 1995
1032 345 687 679 230 449 617 460 157 1994
Total Rural Urban Total Rural Total Total Rural Urban
Service Industry Agriculture
Year
6.31 4.69 2.19 Ave. Growth Rate
1904 508 1396 895 256 639 678 498 180 2002
1821 503 1318 883 240 643 641 465 176 2001
1531 452 1079 809 248 561 571 416 155 2000
1450 460 990 789 249 540 634 469 165 1999
1367 428 939 816 265 551 594 437 157 1998
982 298 684 923 300 623 669 406 263 1997
925 275 650 884 282 602 660 407 253 1996
850 266 584 608 172 436 505 334 171 1995
1032 345 687 679 230 449 617 460 157 1994
Total Rural Urban Total Rural Total Total Rural Urban
Service Industry Agriculture
Year
from Metro Manila. By 2002,
there were more than half a
million unemployed in the region
compared to 1993 level of less
than two fifth of a million.
The underemployment rate
in the region, averaged at 7.66
percent, or in absolute terms,
219,743 employed persons were
underemployed. This may be due
to unavailability of decent jobs
for highly qualified workers.
By industry group, the
service sector employed the bulk
of workers in the region. It
accounted for an annual average
of more than 47.19 percent of
the total regional employment
and contributed 13.16 percent to
the national employment of the
service sector. The share of the sector in the
regional employment rose from 44.33 percent in
1994 to 54.76 percent in 2000. In absolute terms,
the sector created 872 thousands new jobs between
1994 and 2002, the biggest increment of which was
in 1998 with 385 thousands jobs. Majority of the
workers were engaged in the community, social and
personal services, wholesale and retail trade and in
transportation, storage and communication
activities.
Table 2.79
Labor Force and Employment
8.24 12.92 87.08 64.90 6,141 2002
9.86 11.40 88.60 66.38 5,934 2001
8.04 11.98 88.02 63.14 5,705 2000
7.26 10.06 89.94 63.89 5,073 1999
8.96 10.02 89.98 63.03 4,929 1998
7.42 8.38 91.62 63.21 4,787 1997
7.64 7.37 92.63 62.98 4,648 1996
6.06 9.77 90.23 62.87 4,512 1995
5.94 9.60 90.40 61.77 4,367 1994
7.20 9.27 90.73 61.88 4,213 1993
Under-
employment
Rate
Un-
employment
Rate
Employment
Rate
Labor Force
Participation
Rate
Total
Population
15yrs. old
and over
(In
Thousand)
Year
8.24 12.92 87.08 64.90 6,141 2002
9.86 11.40 88.60 66.38 5,934 2001
8.04 11.98 88.02 63.14 5,705 2000
7.26 10.06 89.94 63.89 5,073 1999
8.96 10.02 89.98 63.03 4,929 1998
7.42 8.38 91.62 63.21 4,787 1997
7.64 7.37 92.63 62.98 4,648 1996
6.06 9.77 90.23 62.87 4,512 1995
5.94 9.60 90.40 61.77 4,367 1994
7.20 9.27 90.73 61.88 4,213 1993
Under-
employment
Rate
Un-
employment
Rate
Employment
Rate
Labor Force
Participation
Rate
Total
Population
15yrs. old
and over
(In
Thousand)
Year
1.Data were taken from the final results of the October Labor Force Survey
2.Data may not add up to the total due to rounding
3.Computed based on the LFPR of the CALABARZON Provinces
SOURCE: NSO for the base data
Table 2.79
8.24 12.92 87.08 64.90 6,141 2002
9.86 11.40 88.60 66.38 5,934 2001
8.04 11.98 88.02 63.14 5,705 2000
7.26 10.06 89.94 63.89 5,073 1999
8.96 10.02 89.98 63.03 4,929 1998
7.42 8.38 91.62 63.21 4,787 1997
7.64 7.37 92.63 62.98 4,648 1996
6.06 9.77 90.23 62.87 4,512 1995
5.94 9.60 90.40 61.77 4,367 1994
7.20 9.27 90.73 61.88 4,213 1993
Under-
employment
Rate
Un-
employment
Rate
Employment
Rate
Labor Force
Participation
Rate
Total
Population
15yrs. old
and over
(In
Thousand)
Year
8.24 12.92 87.08 64.90 6,141 2002
9.86 11.40 88.60 66.38 5,934 2001
8.04 11.98 88.02 63.14 5,705 2000
7.26
Table 2.79
8.24 12.92 87.08 64.90 6,141 2002
9.86 11.40 88.60 66.38 5,934 2001
8.04 11.98 88.02 63.14 5,705 2000
7.26 10.06 89.94 63.89 5,073 1999
8.96 10.02 89.98 63.03 4,929 1998
7.42 8.38 91.62 63.21 4,787 1997
7.64 7.37 92.63 62.98 4,648 1996
6.06 9.77 90.23 62.87 4,512 1995
5.94 9.60 90.40 61.77 4,367 1994
7.20 9.27 90.73 61.88 4,213 1993
Under-
employment
Rate
Un-
employment
Rate
Employment
Rate
Labor Force
Participation
Rate
Total
Population
15yrs. old
and over
(In
Thousand)
Year
8.24 12.92 87.08 64.90 6,141 2002
9.86 11.40 88.60 66.38 5,934 2001
8.04 11.98 88.02 63.14 5,705 2000
7.26 10.06 89.94 63.89 5,073 1999
8.96 10.02 89.98 63.03 4,929 1998
7.42 8.38 91.62 63.21 4,787 1997
7.64 7.37 92.63 62.98 4,648 1996
6.06 9.77 90.23 62.87 4,512 1995
5.94 9.60 90.40 61.77 4,367 1994
7.20 9.27 90.73 61.88 4,213 1993
Under-
employment
Rate
Un-
employment
Rate
Employment
Rate
Labor Force
Participation
Rate
Total
Population
15yrs. old
and over
(In
Thousand)
Year
1.Data were taken from the final results of the October Labor Force Survey
2.Data may not add up to the total due to rounding
3.Computed based on the LFPR of the CALABARZON Provinces
SOURCE: NSO for the base data
126 126 126 126 126
On the contrary, the employment share of the
industry and agriculture sectors declined during the
same period. Employment in the industry sector
decreased from 29.17 percent in 1994 to 25.74
percent, and in the agriculture sector, from 26.50
percent in 1994 to 19.50 percent in 2000. Though
the industry sector was only the second highest
employer in the region, it was highest contributor
(about 16 percent) to the countrys employment in
industry sector, contributing 29.84 percent to total
employment. The agriculture sector on the other
hand, contributed a meager 5 percent to the
countrys agricultural employment. The
employment growth of the sector was steady at an
annual average of 2.19 percent. In absolute terms,
only 629 thousands of the total workforce were
engaged in agricultural activities. The inability
of the sector to absorb new entrants to the labor
force especially in the rural areas, could worsen
the poverty situation in the region. Given this,
there is a need to accelerate policies, programs
and projects that would generate agriculture-
related employment.
Figure 2.49 shows the economic
specialization of municipalities and cities as gleaned
from the employment by industry. The map show
that the working population of municipalities and
cities included in the Urban Growth Corridor are
more likely to engage in industry and services while
the municipalities belonging to the resource-base
clusters are into agriculture.
Services
L eg en d
Industry
Agriculture
Figure 2.49
Ec o n o mi c Sp ec i al i zat i o n o f Ci t i es an d Mu n i c i p al i t i es
Services
L eg en d
Industry
Agriculture
Services
L eg en d
Industry
Agriculture
L eg en d
Industry
Agriculture
Figure 2.49
Ec o n o mi c Sp ec i al i zat i o n o f Ci t i es an d Mu n i c i p al i t i es
Figure 2.49
Economic Specialization of Cities and Municipalities
127 127 127 127 127
2.5 Family Income and Poverty Situation
The regions poverty incidence or the
proportion of families living below the poverty
threshold was recorded at 16.05 percent in the year
2000 showing a decrease from 33.86 percent in 1991.
This is significantly lower in comparison with the
national poverty incidence for the same year. Efforts
of the government to alleviate poverty gained
favorable outcome as the number of poor families
declined from 371,000 to 274,778 families between
1994 to 1997. However, a total of 12,695 more
families fell below the poverty line by 2000. The
slump in the regional economy in 1998 brought by
the El Nio/La Nia Phenomenon and the Asean
financial crisis adversely affected the poor
communities especially those slightly above the
poverty line. The immigration of poor families from
Metro Manila and the nearby provinces of MIMAROPA
contributed also to the increased poverty incidence
in the CALABARZON.
In view of the above, poverty alleviation is one
of the major concerns of the region. Poverty
continues to be prevalent in the rural areas as more
than 60 percent of the total poor families in the
region live therein. Nevertheless, poor families in
both the rural and urban areas should be given equal
access to basic services and livelihood and
employment opportunities to help alleviate poverty.
The province of Quezon has the highest poverty
incidence among the provinces at 34.10 percent in
2000. This shows a significant decline from 53.9
percent in 1991, or about 139,677 families. Despite
the decline, Quezon still accounts for the highest
number of poor families or 40 percent of total poor
families in the region. Of the total poor families in
Quezon, ninety-six thousand families live in the rural
areas and rely mainly on farming and fishing
activities for their livelihood. Quezon is ranked
among the 44 poorest provinces in the country.
Meanwhile, Rizal has the lowest poverty
incidence at 8.0 percent and also the lowest in terms
of number of poor families at 27,555. The provinces
of Batangas, Cavite and Laguna post rates of poverty
incidence at 20.90 percent, 10.80 percent and 8.6
percent, respectively. Although Cavite and Rizal
have lower rates of poverty incidence, the poverty
data would show that the biggest increments in the
number of poor families have been in Cavite at
15,437 and Rizal at 10,984 families, mostly in the
urban areas. This can be attributed to the in-
migration and relocation of squatters from
neighboring areas.
Table 2.81
Poverty Incidence
Source of basic data: NSO
27,555 116,734 33,412 38,084 71,688 287,473 5,139,565 2000
16,571 123,156 40,874 22,647 71,530 274,778 4,511,151 1997
32,088 147,247 55,162 28,706 107,797 371,000 4,531,170 1994
43,211 139,677 61,010 47,781 80,200 371,879 4,780,865 1991
Magnitude of Poor Families
8.0 34.1 8.6 10.2 20.9 16.05 33.7 2000
8.3 36.5 12.3 8 22.1 18.63 31.8 1997
18.4 48.3 18.8 11.6 36.5 31.48 35.5 1994
26.9 53.9 25.6 18.9 37.5 33.86 39.9 1991
Incidenceof Families
Rizal Quezon Laguna Cavite Batangas
CALABARZON Philippines Indicators
Provinces
Source of basic data: NSO
27,555 116,734 33,412 38,084 71,688 287,473 5,139,565 2000
16,571 123,156 40,874 22,647 71,530 274,778 4,511,151 1997
32,088 147,247 55,162 28,706 107,797 371,000 4,531,170 1994
43,211 139,677 61,010 47,781 80,200 371,879 4,780,865 1991
Magnitude of Poor Families
8.0 34.1 8.6 10.2 20.9 16.05 33.7 2000
8.3 36.5 12.3 8 22.1 18.63 31.8 1997
18.4 48.3 18.8 11.6 36.5 31.48 35.5 1994
26.9 53.9 25.6 18.9 37.5 33.86 39.9 1991
Incidenceof Families
Rizal Quezon Laguna Cavite Batangas
CALABARZON Philippines Indicators
Provinces
130 130 130 130 130
Appendix Table No. 1
CALABARZON, 1998 - 2002
2,088,728 1,177,792 1,264,630 1,066,450 618,491 Rizal
31,037 20,548 25,580 24,149 17,427 Quezon
663,668 1,533,054 261,120 Batangas
2,783,433 2,731,394 1,551,330 1,090,599 35,918 (Cu.M.) Limestone
61,200 2,627 14,003 Rizal
17,862 15,214 12,470 23,464 224 Quezon
69,078 31,483 72,620 103,347 91,810 Laguna
6,170 49,299 Cavite
23,810 Batangas
1,900 4,090 9,300 32,805 8,160 Laguna
1,900 4,090 9,300 32,805 8,160 M.T. Cinder Black
11,565,582 Rizal
17,371,448 13,328,787 16,050,503 8,016,050 Batangas
28,937,030 13,328,787 16,050,503 8,016,050 Bags Cement
60,637 103,626 28,101 274 Quezon
60,637 103,626 28,101 274 (Cu.M.) Cascajo
147 83 Quezon
121,579 176,883 203,685 132,221 Laguna
121,726 83 176,883 203,685 132,221 (Cu.M.) Blasted Rock
1,020 Rizal
145 511 161 34,261 Quezon
102,977 40,375 51,949 70,223 34,261 Laguna
104,142 40,886 51,949 70,384 (Cu.M.) Base Course
842,854 1,579,683 210,178 425,388 Rizal
842,854 1,579,683 210,178 425,388 (Cu.M.) Basalt
600 1,200 1,440 2,520 Quezon
600 1,200 1,440 2,520 (Cu.M.) Ball Clay
3,501,017 1,125,891 716,417 1,780,935 1,383,164 Rizal
170,600 5,670 9,978 4,118 Quezon
197,388 128,371 129,043 238,666 132,116 Laguna
3,869,005 1,259,932 855,438 2,023,719 1,515,280 (Cu.M.) Aggregates
2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 Unit Commodity/Prov.
2,088,728 1,177,792 1,264,630 1,066,450 618,491 Rizal
31,037 20,548 25,580 24,149 17,427 Quezon
663,668 1,533,054 261,120 Batangas
2,783,433 2,731,394 1,551,330 1,090,599 35,918 (Cu.M.) Limestone
61,200 2,627 14,003 Rizal
17,862 15,214 12,470 23,464 224 Quezon
69,078 31,483 72,620 103,347 91,810 Laguna
6,170 49,299 Cavite
23,810 Batangas
1,900 4,090 9,300 32,805 8,160 Laguna
1,900 4,090 9,300 32,805 8,160 M.T. Cinder Black
11,565,582 Rizal
17,371,448 13,328,787 16,050,503 8,016,050 Batangas
28,937,030 13,328,787 16,050,503 8,016,050 Bags Cement
60,637 103,626 28,101 274 Quezon
60,637 103,626 28,101 274 (Cu.M.) Cascajo
147 83 Quezon
121,579 176,883 203,685 132,221 Laguna
121,726 83 176,883 203,685 132,221 (Cu.M.) Blasted Rock
1,020 Rizal
145 511 161 34,261 Quezon
102,977 40,375 51,949 70,223 34,261 Laguna
104,142 40,886 51,949 70,384 (Cu.M.) Base Course
842,854 1,579,683 210,178 425,388 Rizal
842,854 1,579,683 210,178 425,388 (Cu.M.) Basalt
600 1,200 1,440 2,520 Quezon
600 1,200 1,440 2,520 (Cu.M.) Ball Clay
3,501,017 1,125,891 716,417 1,780,935 1,383,164 Rizal
170,600 5,670 9,978 4,118 Quezon
197,388 128,371 129,043 238,666 132,116 Laguna
3,869,005 1,259,932 855,438 2,023,719 1,515,280 (Cu.M.) Aggregates
131 131 131 131 131
77 16 Rizal
17,976 5,883 4,143 2,764 13,496 Quezon
4,380 7,059 6,507 12,556 19,650 Laguna
15,490 8,916 7,949 Batangas
22,356 28,434 10,650 24,313 41,111 (Cu.M.) Stones, Cobbles, Boulders
5,775 Rizal
29 56 Quezon
30,299 5,281 5,966 5,675 8,137 Cavite
17,386 Batangas
30,299 11,085 5,966 5,731 25,523 (Cu.M.) Soil
32,540 77,997 Rizal
94,355 6,996 50,757 Rizal
150 Quezon
26 16,767 Batangas
26 111,272 6,996 50,757 M.T. Silica
1,424 9,294 Rizal
96,242 295,840 75,070 Batangas
96,242 297,264 75,070 9,294 M.T. Shale
22,515 Rizal
743 59 Quezon
352 2,422 159 4,945 4,355 Laguna
30,659 582,392 512,041 480,377 1,016,733 Rizal
90,846 326,262 275,842 660,920 188,294 Quezon
3,346 3,100 6,623 14,183 182,555 Laguna
1,689 27,048 32,665 24,330 25,998 Batangas
77 16 Rizal
17,976 5,883 4,143 2,764 13,496 Quezon
4,380 7,059 6,507 12,556 19,650 Laguna
15,490 8,916 7,949 Batangas
22,356 28,434 10,650 24,313 41,111 (Cu.M.) Stones, Cobbles, Boulders
5,775 Rizal
29 56 Quezon
30,299 5,281 5,966 5,675 8,137 Cavite
17,386 Batangas
30,299 11,085 5,966 5,731 25,523 (Cu.M.) Soil
32,540 77,997 Rizal
94,355 6,996 50,757 Rizal
150 Quezon
26 16,767 Batangas
26 111,272 6,996 50,757 M.T. Silica
1,424 9,294 Rizal
96,242 295,840 75,070 Batangas
96,242 297,264 75,070 9,294 M.T. Shale
22,515 Rizal
743 59 Quezon
352 2,422 159 4,945 4,355 Laguna
30,659 582,392 512,041 480,377 1,016,733 Rizal
90,846 326,262 275,842 660,920 188,294 Quezon
3,346 3,100 6,623 14,183 182,555 Laguna
1,689 27,048 32,665 24,330 25,998 Batangas
CALABARZON, 1998 - 2002
132 132 132 132 132
86 ShellgasPhilippines, Inc. TabangaoSpecial Economic Zone -Tabangao, Batangas
195.54 Manila South Coast Development
Corp.
South Coast Ecozone-Papaya, Nasugbu, Batangas
87.43 Robinson's Realty & Management
Corp.
RLC Special Economic Zone -Simlong, BatangasCity,
Batangas
900 Rancho Montana Inc. Rancho Montana Ecozone-Luyos, Sulpoc&
Suplang,Tanauan, Batangas
66.63 Philippine Townships, Inc. PhiltownTechnology Park -Trapiche, Pagaspas& Baloc-
Baloc, Tanauan, Batangas
109.15 Lima Technology Center (Malvar) - Santiago & Payapa,
Malvar, Batangas
171.02 Lima Land, Inc. Lima Technology Center (Lipa) -San Lucas, BugtongnaDulo
& Inosluban, Lipa
134.8 RFM-Science Park of the Phils.,
Inc.
Light Industry &Science Park III -San Rafael & Sta.
Anastacia, Sto. Tomas, Batangas
191.4 Fil-Estate Land, Inc. HarbourTown -Calayo, Nasugbu, Batangas
32.43 GuocoProperty Devt. Inc. GuocoIndustrial Center -San Pedro & San Pablo, StoTomas
Batangas
89.14 First Philippine Industrial Park, Inc. First Philippine Industrial Park Second Expansion -Pantay
Bata & Ulango, Tanauan, Batangas
62.08 First Philippine Industrial Park, Inc. First Philippine Industrial Park Expansion -PantayBata &
Ulango, Tanauan, Batangas
72.99 First Philippine Industrial Park, Inc. First Philippine Industrial Park -Sta. Anastacia, Sto. Tomas,
Batangas
50.32 First BatangasIndustrial Park, Inc. First BatangasIndustrial Park II -Mang-hinao& Balayong,
Bauan, Batangas
53.81 First BatangasIndustrial Park, Inc. First BatangasIndustrial Park -Mang-hinao& Balayong,
Bauan, Batangas
100.73 Filinvest Land, Inc. FilinvestTechnology Park Tanauan- PantayMatanda,
Tanauan, Batangas
42 United Coconut Chemicals, Inc. CocochemAgro-Industrial Park- Aplaya& Danglayan,
Bauan, Batangas
50 Brystol Realty Development Corp. BatangasIndustrial Estate- Maligaya, Rosario, Batangas
B
A
T
A
N
G
A
S
Total Area
(in hectares)
Developer / Operator Ecozone/ Location Province
86 ShellgasPhilippines, Inc. TabangaoSpecial Economic Zone -Tabangao, Batangas
195.54 Manila South Coast Development
Corp.
South Coast Ecozone-Papaya, Nasugbu, Batangas
87.43 Robinson's Realty & Management
Corp.
RLC Special Economic Zone -Simlong, BatangasCity,
Batangas
900 Rancho Montana Inc. Rancho Montana Ecozone-Luyos, Sulpoc&
Suplang,Tanauan, Batangas
66.63 Philippine Townships, Inc. PhiltownTechnology Park -Trapiche, Pagaspas& Baloc-
Baloc, Tanauan, Batangas
109.15 Lima Technology Center (Malvar) - Santiago & Payapa,
Malvar, Batangas
171.02 Lima Land, Inc. Lima Technology Center (Lipa) -San Lucas, BugtongnaDulo
& Inosluban, Lipa
134.8 RFM-Science Park of the Phils.,
Inc.
Light Industry &Science Park III -San Rafael & Sta.
Anastacia, Sto. Tomas, Batangas
191.4 Fil-Estate Land, Inc. HarbourTown -Calayo, Nasugbu, Batangas
32.43 GuocoProperty Devt. Inc. GuocoIndustrial Center -San Pedro & San Pablo, StoTomas
Batangas
89.14 First Philippine Industrial Park, Inc. First Philippine Industrial Park Second Expansion -Pantay
Bata & Ulango, Tanauan, Batangas
62.08 First Philippine Industrial Park, Inc. First Philippine Industrial Park Expansion -PantayBata &
Ulango, Tanauan, Batangas
72.99 First Philippine Industrial Park, Inc. First Philippine Industrial Park -Sta. Anastacia, Sto. Tomas,
Batangas
50.32 First BatangasIndustrial Park, Inc. First BatangasIndustrial Park II -Mang-hinao& Balayong,
Bauan, Batangas
53.81 First BatangasIndustrial Park, Inc. First BatangasIndustrial Park -Mang-hinao& Balayong,
Bauan, Batangas
100.73 Filinvest Land, Inc. FilinvestTechnology Park Tanauan- PantayMatanda,
Tanauan, Batangas
42 United Coconut Chemicals, Inc. CocochemAgro-Industrial Park- Aplaya& Danglayan,
Bauan, Batangas
50 Brystol Realty Development Corp. BatangasIndustrial Estate- Maligaya, Rosario, Batangas
B
A
T
A
N
G
A
S
Total Area
(in hectares)
List of Special Economic Zones
CALABARZON, As of J anuary 2004
133 133 133 133 133
100 TaipanGold Empire Corporation TaipanGold Industrial Park- Defuego& San Francisco, Gen.
Trias, Cavite
100 S.P. Properties, Inc. Sterling TechnoparkSEZ -Maguyam, Silang& Bancal and
Lantic, Carmona, Cavite
15 Jetti Industrial Development
Corporation
PetroleumIndustry Economic Zone - MuntingMapino, Naic,
Cavite
52.99 ROHM Realty, Inc. People's Technology Complex- Maduya, Carmona, Cavite
177 Philippine Estates Corporation PEC Industrial Park - Buenavista, General Trias, Cavite
150 Marcelo Biotech, Inc. Marcelo IPG Industrial &Aqua Farming Park- Bacoor Bay,
CaviteCity
38 Golden Mile Resources
Development Corporation
Golden MileBusiness Park- Governor's Drive, Maduya,
Carmona, Cavite
82.25 Gateway Property Holdings, Inc. Gateway Business Park (Expansion I)- Javalera, Gen. Trias,
Cavite
27.81 Gateway Property Holdings, Inc. Gateway Business Park-Javalera, Gen. Trias, Cavite
59.78 First CaviteIndustrial Estate, Inc. First CaviteIndustrial Estate- Langkaan, Dasmarias, Cavite
122.28 Filoil Development and
Management Corp.
FiloilSpecial Economic Zone II -Rosario, Cavite
Management Corp.
FiloilSpecial Economic Zone -Rosario, Cavite
86 Filinvest Land, Inc FilinvestTechnology Park Cavite- Hugo Perez,Trece
Martirez, Cavite
80.62 Fil-Estate Industrial Park, Inc. Fil-Estate Industrial Park -TreceMartirezCity and Tanza,
Cavite
12.2 EMI-JolouRealty, Inc. EMI Special Economic Zone-
AnabuII, Imus, Cavite
55.02 Daiichi Property Ventures, Inc. Daiichi Industrial Park - Maguyam, Silang, Cavite
86 McSpecRealty Ventures, Corp. CambridgeIntelligent Park -
Malinta, Dasmarias, Cavite
145.06 Best World Land International, Inc. Best World Technopark- Batas, Silang, Cavite
116.22 CaviteProductivity & Economic
Zone Corp.
CaviteProductivity Economic Zone -Sahud-Ulan, Tanza,
Cavite
104.95 CaviteEco-Industrial Estate Corp. CaviteEco-Industrial Estate- PasongKawayanII, Gen. Trias,
Cavite
9.87 Majestic Landscape Corporation CaviteEconomic Zone (Annexation) - Bacao, Gen. Trias,
Cavite
278.51 Philippine Economic Zone Authority CaviteEconomic Zone -Rosario, Cavite
C
A
V
I
T
E
Total Area
(in hectares)
100 TaipanGold Empire Corporation TaipanGold Industrial Park- Defuego& San Francisco, Gen.
Trias, Cavite
100 S.P. Properties, Inc. Sterling TechnoparkSEZ -Maguyam, Silang& Bancal and
Lantic, Carmona, Cavite
15 Jetti Industrial Development
Corporation
PetroleumIndustry Economic Zone - MuntingMapino, Naic,
Cavite
52.99 ROHM Realty, Inc. People's Technology Complex- Maduya, Carmona, Cavite
177 Philippine Estates Corporation PEC Industrial Park - Buenavista, General Trias, Cavite
150 Marcelo Biotech, Inc. Marcelo IPG Industrial &Aqua Farming Park- Bacoor Bay,
CaviteCity
38 Golden Mile Resources
Development Corporation
Golden MileBusiness Park- Governor's Drive, Maduya,
Carmona, Cavite
82.25 Gateway Property Holdings, Inc. Gateway Business Park (Expansion I)- Javalera, Gen. Trias,
Cavite
27.81 Gateway Property Holdings, Inc. Gateway Business Park-Javalera, Gen. Trias, Cavite
59.78 First CaviteIndustrial Estate, Inc. First CaviteIndustrial Estate- Langkaan, Dasmarias, Cavite
Management Corp.
FiloilSpecial Economic Zone II -Rosario, Cavite
Management Corp.
FiloilSpecial Economic Zone -Rosario, Cavite
86 Filinvest Land, Inc FilinvestTechnology Park Cavite- Hugo Perez,Trece
Martirez, Cavite
80.62 Fil-Estate Industrial Park, Inc. Fil-Estate Industrial Park -TreceMartirezCity and Tanza,
Cavite
12.2 EMI-JolouRealty, Inc. EMI Special Economic Zone-
AnabuII, Imus, Cavite
55.02 Daiichi Property Ventures, Inc. Daiichi Industrial Park - Maguyam, Silang, Cavite
86 McSpecRealty Ventures, Corp. CambridgeIntelligent Park -
Malinta, Dasmarias, Cavite
145.06 Best World Land International, Inc. Best World Technopark- Batas, Silang, Cavite
116.22 CaviteProductivity & Economic
Zone Corp.
CaviteProductivity Economic Zone -Sahud-Ulan, Tanza,
Cavite
104.95 CaviteEco-Industrial Estate Corp. CaviteEco-Industrial Estate- PasongKawayanII, Gen. Trias,
Cavite
9.87 Majestic Landscape Corporation CaviteEconomic Zone (Annexation) - Bacao, Gen. Trias,
Cavite
278.51 Philippine Economic Zone Authority CaviteEconomic Zone -Rosario, Cavite
C
A
V
I
T
E
Total Area
(in hectares)
134 134 134 134 134
20.66 YTMI Realty Corporation YTMI Realty Special Economic Zone- Brgy. Makiling,
Calamba, Laguna
52.67 Toyota Motors Philippines
Corporation
Toyota Sta. Rosa (Laguna) Special Economic Zone II -
PulongSta. Cruz, Sta. Rosa, Laguna
25 Toyota Motors Philippines, Corp. Toyota Sta. Rosa (Laguna) Special Zone -PulongSta. Cruz,
Sta. Rosa, Laguna
76.03 Fil-Estate EcocentrumCorporation SouthwoodsEcocentrumTourismEstate, Halang, Bian,
Laguna
25.45 MatayogProperties Real Estate
Inc.
Prince CabuyaoSpecial Economic Zone - Banlic, Cabuyao,
Laguna
65.63 StarworldCorporation CalambaPremiere International Park - Batino, Parian&
Barandal, Calamba, Laguna
63.71 Science Park of the Phils., Inc. Light Industry &Science Park II -Real & La Mesa, Calamba,
Laguna
69.06 Science Park of the Phils., Inc. Light Industry &Science Park I- Diezmo, Cabuyao, Laguna
254 Laguna Technopark, Inc. LTI -Alaminos-San Andres & San Juan, Alaminos, Laguna
50.63 Laguna Technopark, Inc. Laguna TechnoparkIV-Don Jose, Sta. Rosa, Laguna
96.39 Laguna Technopark, Inc. Laguna TechnoparkIII -Loma & Timbao, Bian, Laguna
67.74 Laguna Technopark, Inc. Laguna TechnoparkII-Binang, Bian, Laguna
75.19 Laguna Technopark, Inc. Laguna TechnoparkI- Bian, Laguna
34.88 Laguna International Industrial
Park, Inc.
Laguna International Industrial Park -Ganado & Mamplasan,
Bian, Laguna
44.35 Greenfield Industrial Center (Bian)
Inc.
Greenfield Industrial Center Ecozone-Bungahanand
Mamplasan, Bian, Laguna
15.94 BalibagoLand Corporation Greenfield Automotive Park (Expansion)- Don Jose, Sta.
Rosa, Laguna
50.01 BalibagoLand Corporation Greenfield Automotive Park -Don Jose, Sta. Rosa, Laguna
51.07 CalambaFilinvest Land, Inc. FilinvestTechnology Park- Punta & Burol- Bubuyan,
Calamba, Laguna
40 CarmelrayIndustrial Corporation CarmelrayInternational Business Park - Canlubang,
Calamba, Laguna
143.03 JTCI Corporation CarmelrayIndustrial Park II -Punta & Tulo, Calamba, Laguna
50.75 CarmelrayIndustrial Corporation CarmelrayIndustrial Park I - Canlubang, Calamba, Laguna
5.71 AllegisRealty Holdings Corporation AllegisInformation Technology Park -BarangayTulo,
Calamba, Laguna
L
A
G
U
N
A
Total Area
(in hectares)
20.66 YTMI Realty Corporation YTMI Realty Special Economic Zone- Brgy. Makiling,
Calamba, Laguna
52.67 Toyota Motors Philippines
Corporation
Toyota Sta. Rosa (Laguna) Special Economic Zone II -
PulongSta. Cruz, Sta. Rosa, Laguna
25 Toyota Motors Philippines, Corp. Toyota Sta. Rosa (Laguna) Special Zone -PulongSta. Cruz,
Sta. Rosa, Laguna
76.03 Fil-Estate EcocentrumCorporation SouthwoodsEcocentrumTourismEstate, Halang, Bian,
Laguna
25.45 MatayogProperties Real Estate
Inc.
Prince CabuyaoSpecial Economic Zone - Banlic, Cabuyao,
Laguna
65.63 StarworldCorporation CalambaPremiere International Park - Batino, Parian&
Barandal, Calamba, Laguna
63.71 Science Park of the Phils., Inc. Light Industry &Science Park II -Real & La Mesa, Calamba,
Laguna
69.06 Science Park of the Phils., Inc. Light Industry &Science Park I- Diezmo, Cabuyao, Laguna
254 Laguna Technopark, Inc. LTI -Alaminos-San Andres & San Juan, Alaminos, Laguna
50.63 Laguna Technopark, Inc. Laguna TechnoparkIV-Don Jose, Sta. Rosa, Laguna
96.39 Laguna Technopark, Inc. Laguna TechnoparkIII -Loma & Timbao, Bian, Laguna
67.74 Laguna Technopark, Inc. Laguna TechnoparkII-Binang, Bian, Laguna
75.19 Laguna Technopark, Inc. Laguna TechnoparkI- Bian, Laguna
34.88 Laguna International Industrial
Park, Inc.
Laguna International Industrial Park -Ganado & Mamplasan,
Bian, Laguna
44.35 Greenfield Industrial Center (Bian)
Inc.
Greenfield Industrial Center Ecozone-Bungahanand
Mamplasan, Bian, Laguna
15.94 BalibagoLand Corporation Greenfield Automotive Park (Expansion)- Don Jose, Sta.
Rosa, Laguna
50.01 BalibagoLand Corporation Greenfield Automotive Park -Don Jose, Sta. Rosa, Laguna
51.07 CalambaFilinvest Land, Inc. FilinvestTechnology Park- Punta & Burol- Bubuyan,
Calamba, Laguna
40 CarmelrayIndustrial Corporation CarmelrayInternational Business Park - Canlubang,
Calamba, Laguna
143.03 JTCI Corporation CarmelrayIndustrial Park II -Punta & Tulo, Calamba, Laguna
50.75 CarmelrayIndustrial Corporation CarmelrayIndustrial Park I - Canlubang, Calamba, Laguna
5.71 AllegisRealty Holdings Corporation AllegisInformation Technology Park -BarangayTulo,
Calamba, Laguna
L
A
G
U
N
A
Total Area
(in hectares)
135 135 135 135 135
Includes Ecozones that are operating, proclaimed and development in progress) Note: (*)
Philippine Economic Zone Authority SOURCE:
26.6 Filinvest Land, Inc. FilinvestTechnology Park Teresa - Dalig, Teresa, Rizal
326 Provincial Government of Rizal Rizal Industrial Estate- San Andres & Cuyambay, Tanay,
Rizal
26.68 Prime East Properties, Inc. EastbayArts, Recreational and TourismZone- San Roque,
Angono, Rizal and Darangan, Binangonan, Rizal
R
I
Z
A
L
350 QuezonInternational Devt. Corp. QuezonInternational Center - Mangalan& Quiling, Sariaya,
Quezon
198 MCS Tanunliong, Inc. PagbilaoIndustrial &SciencePark - IbabangPolo, Pagbilao,
Quezon
Q
U
E
Z
O
N
Total Area
(in hectares)
Includes Ecozones that are operating, proclaimed and development in progress) Note: (*)
Philippine Economic Zone Authority SOURCE:
26.6 Filinvest Land, Inc. FilinvestTechnology Park Teresa - Dalig, Teresa, Rizal
326 Provincial Government of Rizal Rizal Industrial Estate- San Andres & Cuyambay, Tanay,
Rizal
26.68 Prime East Properties, Inc. EastbayArts, Recreational and TourismZone- San Roque,
Angono, Rizal and Darangan, Binangonan, Rizal
R
I
Z
A
L
350 QuezonInternational Devt. Corp. QuezonInternational Center - Mangalan& Quiling, Sariaya,
Quezon
198 MCS Tanunliong, Inc. PagbilaoIndustrial &SciencePark - IbabangPolo, Pagbilao,
Quezon
Q
U
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N
Total Area
(in hectares)
136 136 136 136 136
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7

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