INGLS I, 2 GTI 1

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UNIT 1
TALKING ABOUT EDUCATION
Education
We say someone is educated when we talk about their academic situation. Also, we can use compounds
like highly educated or well educated to talk about somebodys academic level. Ex.: His brother is well
educated, he studied at Harvard.
We often use badly educated to talk about people who have not been able to go to school and who have
only a basic level of academic education. Ex.: Poor people used to be badly educated in the 19
th
century.
Manners
To talk about behavior, we can say someone has good/bad manners. A person with good manners is
considered to be polite.
Upbringing: the education a child receives at home. Jennys upbringing was very difficult.
The verb from upbringing can be used
o ACTIVE: TO BRING SOMEONE UP: His brother is bringing him up to be a hooligan.
o PASSIVE: TO BE BROUGHT UP: I was brought up to say hello to everyone I meet.

TALKING ABOUT MEMORIES
Verb patterns after remember and remind
We use remind to cause to remember something: I always have to remind him to take his keys.
We use remember to say we have a memory of something.Remember can be followed by:
a) TO + INFINITIVE: refers to the future: Remember to take the key. Acurdate de coger la llave.
b) GERUND: refers to the past: I remember getting lost in the supermarket when I was little.
c) A CLAUSE:I remember (that) we often went to the seaside.
Other verbs
RECALL [EVOCAR].
o I recall seeing him in the shoe shop last week.
o POWERS OF RECALL PODER DE REMEMORACIN:Old people often have astonishing
powers of recall.
o TOTAL RECALL MEMORIA FOTOGRFICA: My sister has total recall.
RECOLLECT REMEMORAR.
o The witness does not recollect hearing anything strange.
o RECOLLECTIONS recuerdos: My recollections of those times are pleasant.
REMINISCE - REMEMORAR positive meaning.
o My uncle love to reminisce about when he was younger.
INGLS I, 2 GTI 1
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o REMINISCENCE Reminiscencia / evocacin: This book includes lots of reminiscences
about the authors childhood.
LOOK BACK ON Rememorar:
o Looking back on it now, those were very nice holidays.
THINK BACK ON Recordar:
o When I think back on it now, those were very nice holidays.
Common collocations
a. REMIND SB. OF SB. Recordarseaalguien: She reminds me of my mum. Me recuerda a mi madre.
b. TO THE BEST OF MY RECOLLECTION - Hasta dondeyorecuerdo - Farmers never have, to the
best of my recollection, had more than an average crop.
c. AS I RECALL - Segnrecuerdo - Until now, as I recall, it was a fact of terrorism, albeit not of
war, that children were not attacked
TALKING ABOUT HABITS AND TENDENCIES
1. TEND TO + INF.: Soler. On the other hand, most people tend to trust their experience, having lived
within their own particular settings and cultures, with their long-standing values, [...]
2. HAVE A TENDENCY TO + INF.: Tenertendencia a. - It is true that we all have a tendencyto do
that.
3. BE LIABLE TO + INF.: Tender a. As I get older, my memory starts to fade a bit, and Im liable to
forget things Ive done. (Negative meaning)
4. BE PRONE TO (Negative meaning)- Serpropenso a
a. BE PRONE TO + ING: Im prone to putting on weight.
b. BE PRONE TO + INF.: Im prone to put on weight.
WILL AND WOULD
Will and would for habitual action
We often use will for a habitual action in the present: People will usually keep on the same brand unless
they have a good reason to change.
We often use would for a habitual action in the past: As a student, I would often work through the night
and then sleep in the afternoon.
Other uses of WILL
1. To make predictions: From tomorrow morning, flights will operate normally.
2. To make decisions, offers promises and threats: Dont worry, I will talk to him.
3. To make requests or give orders: Will you please stop talking?
4. To make deductions: That will be the postman.
Other uses of WOULD
1. Past of will, in reported speech or thought: I told you they wouldnt agree.
2. To mean wanted to or was willing to: The car wouldnt start.
3. To make request: Would you please help me with these bags?
4. To soften assertions and suggestions: I would suggest getting a new printer.
INGLS I, 2 GTI 1
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VERBS FOLLOWED BY ING FORMS OR TO + INFINITIVE
Verbs followed by both ING or INFINITIVE with different meaning
1. REMEMBER
a. Remember + ING: I remember taking the bus to school. (About the past)
b. Remember + INF: Remember to take the key. (About the future)
2. REGRET
a. I regret saying that. (Ive already said that)
b. I regret to say this. (Ive not said that yet)
3. DREAD
a. She dreaded taking the test. (Most common use)
b. She dreaded to think of the consequences of her actions. (With some verbs such as think or
consider)
4. FORGET
a. She forgot reading the book when she was a kid. (About the past)
b. She forgot to pay the rent this month. (About the future or future-in-the-past).
5. KEEP
a. She kept talking. (Continue to do something).
b. The attackers kept hostages to prevent the police from entering. (=in order to).
6. NEED
a. This house needs cleaning. (Passive meaning)
b. He needs to call his boss. (Active meaning)
7. START
a. Marge started talking/ to talk really fast. (Non-continuous tenses)
b. Marge is starting to talk really fast. (Continuous tenses)
8. STOP
a. He stopped smoking for health reasons. (Most common use)
b. He stopped to rest for a few minutes. (= in order to)
9. TRY
a. She tried looking in the paper, but she found nothing. (Experiment)
b. She tried to climb the tree, but she couldnt even got off the ground. (Dont succeed).
Verbs followed by ING
1. ENJOY: Why do people enjoy sailing?
2. FINISH:What time does she finish working every day?
3. POSTPONE:The Committee decided to postpone taking action on draft resolution.
4. GIVE UP:I will give up procrastinating tomorrow.
5. MIND:He doesnt mind paying taxes.
6. RISK:To expose feelings is to risk exposing true self.
7. SUGGEST:I always suggest visiting McDonalds before House Hounting
8. AVOID:How to avoid eating when youre bored: 16 steps.
9. IMAGINE:Imagine becoming John Lennon.
Verbs followed by TO + INFINITIVE
1. MANAGE: Will you manage to drive a taxi car?
2. OFFER:I am retired so I offered to babysit for free.
3. DECIDE:The Committee decided to postpone taking action on draft resolution.
4. AGREE:Lets agree to disagree.
5. PREPARE:The To-Do List: Preparing to live abroad for a year.
INGLS I, 2 GTI 1
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VOCABULARY
Memory
1. In living memory en la historia, que se recuerda.
a. Theyre the worst in the living memory. Son los peoresque se recuerdan / en la historia.
2. Short-term memory loss prdida de memoria a cortoplazo.
a. Hes suffering from short-term memory loss, but theres nothing to worry about.
3. A memory like a sieve tenermuy mala memoria.
a. I've never known anyone so forgetful - she's got a memory like a sieve.
4. Plenty of memory suficientememoria.
a. I make sure I always have my camera ready - which means it has to be charged and with
plenty of memory.
5. Do it frommemory de memoria
a. I think I can do it from memory.
6. Memorys playing tricks fallar la memoria.
a. Sorry, memorys playing tricks again.
Uses of JUST
a) JUST = ONLY: My dad, he decided he just wants to stay here one year.
b) JUST = REALLY: They act differently towards immigrant people. Sometimes theyre just nasty.
c) JUST = SIMPLY: In Africa, if you see anyone walking around, you just really say hello.
Collocations with just:
a) TO BE JUST TOO MUCH: I cant do it, its just too much.
b) JUST TOO MUCH + NOUN: Its just too much pressure right now.
c) JUST TOO MUCH OF A + NOUN:Im not sure; its just too much of a risk.
d) JUST TOO MUCH TO + INF.: Living like this its just too much to handle.
e) JUST TOO MUCH FOR + SB:Its just too much for her, shes had enough.
f) JUST SO: Oh, its just wonderful you should buy it!
g) THATS JUST TOO MUCH