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Shell International Exploration & Production B.V.

Drilling
EP 95-0210
HSE
MA!A"
#e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995
+h &,&,-,&&&
.ontent%
EP HSE Manual Amendment Record Sheet
Section Number/ EP 95-&,'&
Section Title/ Drilling
Rev
No.
Chapter
Nos.
Description to amendment Date
dd-00-11
Amended by
& All )riginal hard cop1 and .D-#)M i%%ue '(-'&-95 EP)-('
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 ii
.ontent%
Contents
!ntroduction
'.' )*+ecti$e%....................... ....................'
'., Bac2ground.................................... .....'
" #vervie$ %
,.' Scope o3 the Docu0ent......................4
,., #elation%hip Bet5een the .hapter%....4
% Drillin& HSE Mana&ement System '
4.' "eader%hip and .o00it0ent..............5
4., Polic1 and Strategic )*+ecti$e%..........(
4.4 )rgani%ation6 #e%pon%i*ilitie%6
#e%ource%6 Standard% and
Docu0ent%............................... ........7
4.4.' )rgani%ational %tructure and
re%pon%i*ilitie%.........................7
4.4., Manage0ent repre%entati$e8%9. . .'&
4.4.4 #e%ource%...................................'&
4.4.: .o0petence................................''
4.4.5 .ontractor%.............................. ....'5
4.4.( .o00unication...........................'7
4.4.; Docu0entation and it% control.....'9
4.: Ha<ard% and E33ect% Manage0ent
Proce%%............................. .............,'
4.5 Planning and Procedure%.................,,
4.5.' =eneral.......................................,,
4.5., A%%et integrit1..............................,:
4.5.4 Procedure% and 5or2 in%truction%
............................. .................,:
4.5.: Manage0ent o3 change..............,;
4.5.5 .ontingenc1 and e0ergenc1
planning............................... ..,7
4.( I0ple0entation and Monitoring.........4'
4.(.' Acti$itie% and ta%2%......................4'
4.(., Monitoring...................................4'
4.(.4 #ecord%............................ ...........45
4.(.: on-co0pliance and correcti$e
action....................................45
4.(.5 Incident reporting........................45
4.(.( Incident 3ollo5-up........................4(
4.; Audit...................................... ............4;
4.7 #e$ie5......................... .....................49
( Preparation ((
:.' Site Preparation% - "and...................::
:.'.' "ocation%............................ .........::
:.'., #oad $ehicle% and 0o*ile plant. .:5
:.'.4 .a0p %ite%..................................:(
:., Preparation )33%hore........................:7
:.,.' "ocation preparation o33%hore.....:7
:.,., Structural integrit1 o3 +ac2-up%.....:7
:.,.4 Precontract a%%e%%0ent o3 %e0i-
%u*0er%i*le% and drill %hip%. .5&
:.,.: >ender a%%i%ted operation%..........5'
:.4 Material% Procure0ent......................5,
:.4.' Ha<ard data.............................. ...5,
:.4., In%pection............................ ........5,
:.4.4 Stac2ing and %torage..................5,
:.: >ran%portation o3 Material% and
E?uip0ent................................. .....5,
:.:.' #oad tran%port............................. 5,
:.:., Sea tran%port........................... ....54
:.:.4 Air tran%port........................... ......54
:.:.: #ig 0o$ing on land.....................54
:.:.5 #ig 0o$ing o33%hore....................5:
' E)uipment '*
5.' Maintenance.....................................5(
5., Ha<ardou% @one%............................. .5(
5.,.' Ha<ardou% <one cla%%i3ication.....5(
5.,., )peration o3 die%el engine% in
ha<ardou% <one%...................5(
5.,.4 Electrical %a3et1 in ha<ardou%
<one%................................ .....5;
5.4 Per%onal Protecti$e E?uip0ent.........5;
5.: Drilling E?uip0ent................... ..........57
5.:.' Dra55or2% %a3et1........................57
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 i
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
5.:., Pul%ation da0pener%..................57
5.:.4 #elie3 $al$e%...............................59
5.5 Derric2% and Ma%t%...........................59
5.5.' Erection e?uip0ent.....................59
5.5., Derric2 and 0a%t in%pection........59
5.5.4 Derric2 loading............................59
5.5.: Aoundation%................................59
5.5.5 Ma%t%....................................... ....59
5.5.( =u1 line%.....................................(&
5.5.; E%cape line and %lide..................(&
5.5.7 .ro5n protection.........................(&
5.5.9 Deadline anchor-5eight indicator (&
5.5.'& Sta**ing *oard..........................('
5.( "i3ting E?uip0ent..............................('
5.(.' =eneral.......................................('
5.(., In%pection - general.....................(,
5.(.4 In%pection o3 5ire rope %ling%6
hoo2%6 %hac2le% and 5inche%(,
5.(.: Ele$ator%.....................................(4
5.(.5 .ro5n *loc2 and tra$elling *loc2 (:
5.(.( Bire rope%................................ ...(:
5.(.; .atline% and cathead%.................(5
5.(.7 Man riding 5inche%.....................(5
5.; Blo5out Pre$enter% 8B)P9................(5
5.;.' #eco00endation% %peci3ic to
%u*%ea B)P%........................((
5.;., Shear ra0%................................ ..((
5.;.4 H1draulic *olt ten%ioning
e?uip0ent.............................((
5.;.: Store 2eeping and %pare part
control...................................((
5.;.5 B)P control %1%te0....................(;
5.7 Steel Ho%e% 8.hi2%an and .o3lexip9. (;
5.7.' Standardi%ation o3 HP union%......(;
5.7., #e%triction% on u%e......................(;
* #perations *+
(.' >u*ular% Handling.............................(9
(.'.' .erti3ication and te%ting..............(9
(.'., >a2ing tu*ular% on %ite.................(9
(.'.4 >ran%3erring tu*ular% to the rig 3loor
............................. .................;&
(.'.: #igging up and running ca%ing....;'
(.'.5 Ma2ing up or la1ing do5n tu*ular%6
e.g. drill collar%......................;,
(.'.( Ele$ator% and %lip%......................;,
(.'.; Drill 3loor operation%....................;4
(., Handling o3 .he0ical% and =a%
.1linder%......................... ...............;5
(.,.' Handling o3 har03ul che0ical%....;5
(.,., Storing and handling o3 ga%
c1linder%................................;(
(.4 .rane )peration%............................. .;;
(.4.' Sa3e operating principle%............;;
(.4., Hea$1 li3t%...................................;;
(.: Pre%%ure >e%ting...............................;7
(.:.' =eneral.......................................;7
(.5 H1drogen Sulphide 8H,S9.................;7
(.5.' =eneral.......................................;7
(.5., Planning 3or H,S.........................;9
(.5.4 E?uip0ent......................... ..........;9
(.5.: Monitoring...................................7&
(.5.5 Alar0 %1%te0% 8H,S detection9...7'
(.5.( Per%onal protecti$e e?uip0ent. . .7,
(.5.; Additional %a3et1 e?uip0ent........7,
(.5.7 Bell control.................................74
(.5.9 Per%onnel training.......................74
(.5.'& H,S drill%.............................. .....7:
(.5.'' Per%onnel..................................7:
(.( )ccupational Health and Sa3et1.......75
(.(.' Hou%e2eeping.............................75
(.(., oi%e control...............................75
(.(.4 .ontractor%C occupational health. 75
(.; Per0it-to-5or2............................. ......7(
(.7 En$iron0ental Ha<ard%................. ....7;
(.7.' oi%e............................. ..............7;
(.7., En$iron0ental auditing...............77
ii EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
.ontent%
(.7.4 Ba%te 0anage0ent....................77
. Associated Activities /+
;.' Electric Bireline )peration%.............79
;.'.' #e%pon%i*ilitie%...........................79
;.'., #igging up...................................79
;.'.4 "ogging operation%......................9&
;.'.: Pre%%ure control..........................9&
;.'.5 Storage and 5or2ing 5ith
explo%i$e%.............................9&
;.'.( Sa3et1 procedure% in u%e o3
explo%i$e%.............................9'
;.'.; #adio tran%0i%%ion%....................9,
;.'.7 S1%te0% i0per$iou% to %tra1
electrical current%..................94
;.'.9 >u*ing .on$e1ed Per3orating
8>.P9 %1%te0%......................9:
;.'.'& Storage and u%e o3 radioacti$e
%ource%........................... .......95
;.'.'' Ai%hing............................... ........9(
;., Bell >e%ting....................................... 9;
;.,.' =eneral.......................................9;
;.,., Aracturing......................... ...........97
;.,.4 Acidi%ing............................ ..........99
;.,.: .r1ogenic operation%..................99
;.4 .oiled >u*ing )peration%...............'&'
;.: .oncurrent )peration%................... .'&,
;.:.' =eneral.....................................'&,
;.:., Procedure%................................'&4
;.:.4 Super$i%ion...............................'&:
;.:.: Speci3ic re?uire0ent%...............'&:
;.:.5 Bireline acti$itie% 8%lic2line and
electric logging9...................'&(
;.5 Bireline )peration% 8Slic2line9........'&;
;.( Di$ing-#)V )peration%...................'&;
;.(.' Special precaution%...................'&;
;.(., #e%triction%...............................'&7
;.; Stand*1 Ve%%el%.............................'&7
;.;.' =eneral re?uire0ent%...............'&7
;.;., Dutie%.......................... ..............'&9
;.;.4 #e%pon%i*ilitie%.........................'&9
;.7 Helicopter )peration%.....................''&
;.7.' >raining................................... ...''&
APPEND!0 !
Policies "
APPEND!0 !!
Responsibilities o1 2ey Sta11 (
APPEND!0 !!!
3and Ri& Move Plan "-
APPEND!0 !4
Classi1ication o1 Ha5ardous
Areas ""
APPEND!0 4
#peration o1 Diesel En&ines in
Ha5ardous Areas "*
Abbreviations %-
6lossary %"
Re1erences %(
!nde7 %/
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 iii
' Introduction
!NTR#D8CT!#N
. #b9ectives
This document is a development of EP 55000-34 'Safety in Drilling' revised in uly !""! #hich it no#
supersedes$ %t is aimed at &oth 'ompany and contractor staff involved in drilling operations$ %t is intended
to(
identify health) safety and environmental ha*ards in the drilling operation and provides guidance on
ho# ris+s can &e reduced
provide guidance on drilling ,SE related issues
descri&e ho# to develop the essential core of a ,SE -anagement System .,SE -S/ appropriate to
drilling operations
ena&le an assessment to &e made of a contractor's approach to ,SE #hich #ill assist in the contractor
selection process and facilitate &etter control of ,SE in the drilling operation$
." :ac;&round
0ctivities on drilling sites and rigs present potential ma1or ha*ards to health) safety and the environment$
This is e2acer&ated &y the diversity of the personnel involved resulting from the use of contractors and
su&contractors and the international nature of the &usiness$
Despite our &est endeavours accidents still occur) people are in1ured) the environment may &e damaged
and 'ompany assets put at ris+$
The &asic cause of accidents can &e fre3uently identified as a lac+ of effective planning or a failure to
train personnel to achieve competence$ The recognition of all the potential ha*ards of a drilling operation
during the planning stage is essential so that they can &e eliminated or at least controlled$ Similarly)
attention shall &e paid to the programme for training personnel to a standard #hich ena&les them to
perform competently the re3uirements of their 1o& function and duties$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
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, )$er$ie5
" #4ER4!E<
". Scope o1 the Document
This document addresses ,SE aspects of the &usiness process activity 'Drilling and 4ell 5perations' as
defined in the Shell E2ploration and Production 6usiness -odel) the EP6- .7ef$ !/$
The ,SE -anagement System .,SE -S/ for a drilling operation has effectively the same components as
the overall system for the 5pco #hich are descri&ed in EP "5-0!00 and other referenced parts of 8olume
!$ This section descri&es many of the re3uirements of an ,SE -S as they relate to a drilling operation$
The remaining chapters provide guidance on drilling ,SE related issues that might &e encountered and
may &e useful in the development of ha*ard registers associated #ith an ,SE 'ase$
%t is not the o&1ective of this document to provide comprehensive guidance on the development of an ,SE
'ase$ 0 great deal of guidance is provided) ho#ever) on the management of ha*ards$ -uch of this advice
is a distillation of e2perience gained &y many +no#ledgea&le staff over a long period$
"." Relationship :et$een the Chapters
The follo#ing chapters of this document are sho#n in 9igure :$! indicating their hierarchy$
=i&ure ". #elation%hip *et5een the chapter%
Preparation
Chapter (
E)uipment
Chapter '
#perations
Chapter *
Associated
Activities
Chapter .
DR!33!N6 HSE S>STEM
MANA6EMENT
Chapter %
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 %
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
Preparation
This chapter provides guidance on ,SE re3uirements associated #ith site preparation) materials
procurement) transportation to site) and moving the rig$
E)uipment
,a*ardous *one policies are detailed) and the &ac+ground to personal protective e3uipment re3uirements$
0 good deal of information is provided on hard#are$ Drilling e3uipment is primarily under the control of
the contractor &ut the 'ompany Supervisor shall &e a#are of the ,SE related matters in order to verify
that proper control is &eing e2ercised$
#perations
This chapter covers the ,SE aspects of e2ecuting the drilling operation$
Associated activities
The operation of drilling a #ell entails the use of other services such as #ireline logging and #ell testing
services$ This chapter gives guidance on the ha*ards associated #ith such operations and on the
responsi&ilities of the drilling department #hen such activities are ta+ing place$
( EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
% DR!33!N6 HSE MANA6EMENT S>STEM
The te2t dra#s in part on #or+ carried out in 5pcos and single string ventures and conse3uently reflects
the vie#s of a #ide variety of staff in a num&er of areas$ %t also incorporates #or+ &y the Safety
-anagement System team in S%EP) #ith the intent that it is compati&le) in a drilling engineering specific
#ay) #ith guidance documentation provided in EP "5-03!0$
%n essence) an ,SE -anagement System is a reflection of the o&1ectives of an enterprise and the manner
in #hich these o&1ectives are to &e met as laid do#n &y its senior management$ 0chievement of the ha*ard
management o&1ectives #ill &e realised through the setting up of an organisation in #hich responsi&ility is
assigned and to #hich resources are provided$ The standards and procedures through #hich the o&1ectives
#ill &e met are defined &y those #ith the necessary e2pertise$ The implementation of standards is
monitored through performance indicators and assured through periodic audits$ Such audits are revie#ed
&y management #ho may initiate system changes to facilitate improvement$ The system is additionally
made live through loops #hich feed&ac+ improvements and corrections at all stages$
The system incorporates the eleven elements of enhanced safety management .ES-/ and increases their
effectiveness through the structured improvement process$ The 3uality management structure and the
ES- relationship is illustrated in 9igure 3$!$
=i&ure %. HSE Manage0ent S1%te0 and ESM relation%hip
4isible senior mana&ement commitment
Sound HSE policy
3ine responsibility 1or HSE
Competent HSE Advisers
Hi&h? $ell understood HSE standards
E11ective HSE trainin&
Audit o1 HSE standards and practices
ESM Principles
HSE Mana&ement System
E11ective motivation and communication
Techni)ues 1or measurin& HSE per1ormance
Thorou&h incident investi&ation and 1ollo$ up
Realistic HSE tar&ets and ob9ectives
Leadership and Commitment
Review
Corrective Action &
Improvement
Audit
Organisation Responsibilities
Resources !tandards & "oc#
Corrective Action &
Improvement
$onitoring
%lanning & %rocedures
%olicy and !trategic Ob&ectives
'a(ards and )ffects
$anagement
Implementation
Corrective
Action
%n this chapter it is intended to provide guidance on ho# Drilling Engineering Departments should
structure their ,SE -S in a #ay #hich is fully compati&le #ith ;roup guidance$ Drilling Engineers #ill
then &e in a &etter position to assess the completeness and compati&ility of a contractor's ,SE -S and
also the rig ,SE 'ase #hich defines the controls that assure safety in a drilling operations pro1ect$
%. 3eadership and Commitment
The foundation of an ,SE -S is leadership and commitment from the top management of the 'ompany)
and its readiness to provide ade3uate resources for ,SE matters$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 '
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
Particular attention is dra#n to the importance of senior management providing a visi&le e2pression of
commitment$ 9ailure to do so #ill undermine the credi&ility of ,SE policy and o&1ectives$ Demonstrations
of commitment to the ,SE -S at different management levels include) amongst others(
allocating the necessary resources) such as time and money) on ,SE matters
setting a personal e2ample in day-to-day #or+
putting ,SE matters high on the agenda of meetings) from the 6oard do#n#ards
&eing actively involved in ,SE activities and revie#s) at &oth local and remote sites
communicating the importance of ,SE considerations in &usiness decisions
recognition of performance #hen o&1ectives and targets are achieved
encouragement of employees' suggestions for measures to improve ,SE performance
participation in internally driven and e2ternally driven initiatives$
-anagement leadership is also necessary to promote a 'ompany culture conducive to good ,SE
performance) in #hich the ,SE -S can function effectively$ Senior management can foster active
involvement of employees and contractors in improving ,SE performance &y encouraging a culture of
belief) motivation) participation and commitment(
*elief in the 'ompany's #ill to improve its ,SE performance - essential in particular to open) &lame-
free incident reporting) and in general to effective ,SE -S implementation$
$otivation to improve personal ,SE performance - &ased on a#areness and understanding) and
positive recognition to reinforce desira&le attitudes and &ehaviours$
%articipation of staff at all levels - through see+ing their vie#s and involvement in ,SE -S
development) and energetically pursuing suggestions for improvement$
Commitment of staff at all levels is essential if the ,SE -S is to &e fully effective) and should follo#
from firm &elief) personal motivation and active participation$
%." Policy and Strate&ic #b9ectives
This chapter gives guidance on the content of a ,ealth) Safety and Environmental .,SE/ policy and the
o&1ectives such a policy is intent upon fulfilling$ 4ithin 5pcos) departmental policies are derived from the
corporate document) #hich is itself invaria&ly &ased on ;roup guidelines) though adapted to ta+e account
of specific area needs$ 'onse3uently) a good deal of commonality is seen &et#een them$ <i+e#ise)
contractors follo# the same general principles$
9igure %$! sho#s the ;roup policy guidelines on health) safety and the environment as endorsed &y the
committee of managing directors in une !""!$
<i+e#ise) contractors are re3uired to support policies #hich advise that the health and safety of all
persons on the installation or #or+site) and all others #ho may &e affected &y its activities) together #ith
the protection of the environment(
are of prime importance to the contractor #ho #ill see+ to maintain the highest practically achieva&le
standards in respect of these
have e3ual status #ith the other primary &usiness o&1ectives
are line management responsi&ilities #hich form an integral part of the duties of all supervisors$
* EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
The policy shall also confirm that the contractor #ill ensure that employees have the re3uired s+ills and
support to meet this commitment) &y providing) #here necessary) appropriate training and opportunities to
gain competence$ %t shall also state that(
the contractor promotes active participation of all in its employ in the esta&lishment and o&servance of
measures to safeguard their health and safety at #or+ and to protect the environment
it e2pects its su&contractors to #or+ to similar high standards and achieve compara&le performance$
To assure the a&ove) it is necessary to perform an ,SE assessment at the precontract stage$ This may ta+e
the form of a 3uestionnaire in the tender document) &ut #ill increasingly ta+e the form of revie#ing the
contractor's ,SE 'ase for the installation or operation$ This and other aspects of ,SE in the management
of contractors is fully descri&ed in EP "5-0!00 ,SE -anagement Systems and EP "5-0!!0 -anagement
of 'ontractor ,SE$
The o&1ectives #hich underpin the health) safety and environmental protection policy can typically &e
summarised as follo#s(
to prevent all #or+place in1uries) &y encouraging active #or+force participation in all aspects of safety
including participation in the ha*ard management process
to provide a safe and healthy #or+place
to eliminate environmentally damaging discharges and emissions through the implementation and
monitoring of an effective #aste management programme
to comply #ith all statutory o&ligations) through the fulfilment of management responsi&ilities
to provide properly engineered and #ell maintained facilities
to #or+ #ith e2ternal agencies such as certifying authorities to promote improvements
to ensure all employees are competent to fulfil their duties
to prevent use of alcohol or a&use of su&stances on location
to prevent vehicle accidents$
%ncreasingly) companies and contractors are developing su&stance a&use policies$ 0 model 'ompany
policy statement) ta+en from ;roup guidelines on the su&1ect) is sho#n in 9igure %$:$ %ndustry guidelines
are descri&ed in 'Su&stance 0&use -anagement Strategies' .7ef$ :/$
HSE sensitive positions
4ithin the policy on su&stance a&use) reference is made to safety and environmentally sensitive positions
#hich in the conte2t of #ell operations include(
all 'ompany and contractor line managers and office &ased supervisors #ith operational responsi&ility
field &ased staff including 'ompany) contractors' and su&contractors' employees$
The success of a su&stance a&use policy depends on the commitment and leadership of management$ 9or
the purpose of the policy) management is treated in the same manner as those employees holding safety
and environmentally sensitive positions$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 .
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
%.% #r&anisation? Responsibilities? Resources? Standards and
Documents
The responsi&ility for all #ell operations aspects of e2ploration) appraisal and development drilling) and
#or+over operations) lies #ith the Drilling Engineering group #hich also sponsors and manages all
drilling and most associated contracts$
The responsi&ility for health) safety and the environment in the #ell operations process is vested in the
,ead of Drilling Engineering$ %n practical terms) elements of this responsi&ility are delegated through the
line$
5perations) in this sense) cover the complete process from planning) through e2ecution) to revie# and
improvement$ Thus) for instance) the #riter of the drilling programme is responsi&le for the accuracy and
completeness of that programme in the same #ay as a Driller is responsi&le for the safe e2ecution of drill
floor operations$
4ell drilling operations consist of the follo#ing main activities in most 5pcos(
%lan well operations Drilling Engineering staff need to &e involved in the earliest phases of
planning$ The contri&ution made to feasi&ility studies and evaluating
development options can lead to significant cost and ,SE &enefits$
5ther areas of planning include(
the preparation of the short term drilling se3uence on the &asis of the
e2ploration) appraisal) development or #or+over portfolio
ac3uiring the necessary services
planning for the transport of e3uipment and personnel$
%repare for well
operations
Prepare a #ell design and detailed drilling programme or #or+over
programme covering contingencies and emergency procedures and o&tain
re3uired internal and e2ternal approvals$ 5rder all necessary materials and
complete site preparation$
)+ecute well operations Secure ad1acent #ells and facilities as re3uired$ -ove in) rig up) drill and
complete or #or+over #ells according to programme) rig do#n and move
or demo&ilise as appropriate$
Report and analyse Prepare an end of #ell report #hich #ill ena&le an in-depth analysis of the
operation$ 0part from &eing an important record) the report #ill facilitate
cost and ,SE improvements in later #ells$
%.%. #r&anisational structure and responsibilities
The 'ompany shall define) document and communicate) #ith the aid of organisational diagrams #here
appropriate) the responsi&ilities) authorities) accounta&ilities and interrelations necessary to implement the
,SE -S$ These shall include those of all personnel #ho manage) supervise and=or monitor ,SE-critical
activities$ 7efer to EP "5-0!00 ,SE -anagement Systems) 'hapter 3 for further advice on organisational
structure$ ;uidance on individual responsi&ilities for +ey staff) &oth 'ompany and drilling contractor) is
given in 0ppendi2 %%$ 0ny inconsistency &et#een 'ompany and contractor ,SE -S shall &e resolved
prior to commencement of operations$
The conduct of operations in a manner #hich ta+es full account of the health and safety of personnel)
protection of the environment and local culture and circumstances is the responsi&ility of all involved)
/ EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
#ith each layer of supervision &eing responsi&le for their su&ordinates in accordance #ith the principle of
line responsi&ility$
Contractor responsibilities
The main contractor is responsi&le for(
implementing a management system directed at providing a safe #or+site
implementing an on-site ,SE programme
providing for the safety of contractor and su&contractor personnel
controlling #or+ and health conditions at the rig site
training contractor personnel to ensure safe operations
providing contractor personnel #ith necessary protective and safety e3uipment and appropriate
training in the use of such e3uipment
ensuring that all contractor and su&contractor furnished machinery and e3uipment is fit for purpose
and properly maintained
developing on-site emergency contingency plans for ma1or scenarios such as &lo#out fire=e2plosion)
to2ic material release) man-over&oard) sta&ility control) heavy #eather) etc
liaising #ith the 'ompany in the development of plans for emergencies #hich re3uire the intervention
of outside resources
complying #ith all applica&le la#s and regulations
complying #ith 'ompany ,SE guidelines) policies) procedures$
Company responsibilities
The 'ompany is responsi&le for(
verifying that contractors' ,SE policies) standards) and procedures are accepta&le to the 'ompany and
conform #ith applica&le la#s and regulations
verifying that contractor's ,SE programme is accomplishing the desired ,SE o&1ectives
reporting any ha*ards to appropriate contractor supervisors #hen situations e2ist #here safety has
&een compromised and follo#ing up to ensure that appropriate action has &een ta+en to correct the
situation
re3uiring the 'ompany's su&contractor's personnel to o&serve the rig contractor's ,SE programme and
co-ordinating activities &et#een rig contractor and 'ompany su&contractor personnel to avoid conflicts
identifying responsi&ility for third party e3uipment maintenance and opera&ility and ensuring that such
responsi&ilities are discharged
emergency contingency plans re3uiring co-ordination of third party groups$ Such plans #ill include
responses to oil spills) rig evacuation) etc
monitoring contractor and 'ompany personnel ,SE performance and assisting in the implementation
of improvement initiatives$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 +
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
Role o1 HSE department
%n areas #here operations are supported &y an ,SE department) responsi&ilities assumed should include
the follo#ing(
Operational HSE
0dvise on the development and testing of contingency plans and drills
0dvise on governmental ,SE regulatory re3uirements and liaise #ith governmental agencies as
re3uired to ensure that regulations are #or+a&le
0ssist in the investigation and analysis of accidents and incidents) and in the preparation of reports$
7esponsi&ility for this) ho#ever) remains #ith the line supervisor
Disseminate information) data and e2periences related to ,SE in operations
Participate in formal ,SE audits and inspections
Develop standards and specifications for safety and protective e3uipment
0dvise on ha*ards associated #ith chemicals and other materials produced) or li+ely to &e used in the
operations) and advise on e2posure limits
0dvise on ,SE clauses) and their implementation) in drilling related contracts
0dvise on noise limits and other areas of occupational health
<iaise #ith contractor's ,SE adviser to assure consistency of advice
7evie# ris+ analysis and ha*ard assessment of drilling and #ell test programmes$
0dvise on and assist in the development of standards and practices that #ill protect the environment
<iaise #ith governmental agencies to ensure timely advice of regulatory re3uirements and
compati&ility of operations #ith those re3uirements$
HSE training
0ssist in the identification of ,SE training needs
Develop and conduct specialist ,SE training as re3uired
0ssist in on-the-1o& ,SE training programmes
Provide ,SE a#areness material) and training aids
'ontri&ute to ,SE meetings
0rrange defensive driving training
-aintain a record of ,SE related courses attended &y drilling staff and notify refresher re3uirements$
%n some areas this responsi&ility is retained &y the line department$
%.%." Mana&ement representative@sA
See EP "5-0!00 ,SE -anagement Systems$
%.%.% Resources
The changing roles of &oth 'ompany and contractor staff #ith the advent of integrated engineering and
incentive contracting strategies need to &e addressed in the planning stages of operations$ The decision
ma+ing process shall &e agreed prior to start-up and &oth the num&ers and cali&re of contractors' staff
- EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
shall &e commensurate #ith the demands and o&1ectives of the 1o&$ ,SE audits and operations revie#s
have fre3uently found that the demands on the contractor's Toolpusher have &een underestimated$
7esponsi&ilities should &e agreed and matched &y levels of authority$ Staff should not &e held responsi&le
for areas #here they do not e2ercise control$
%n this respect) 1o& descriptions for supervisory staff ena&les &oth num&ers and competencies to &e defined
in the contract rather than &eing modified on an ad-hoc &asis after commencement$
0 clear 1o& description #ill also assist in facilitating a smooth transition #ith respect to the changing role
of the 'ompany Drilling Supervisor$
%.%.( Competence
6eneral
0ll staff shall &e competent to discharge the responsi&ilities of their 1o&s or &e in the process of gaining
such competence in a supervised manner$ 4or+ roles that are +ey to the ,SE management of the operation
shall only &e performed &y those persons #ho can discharge their responsi&ilities safely and effectively$
The contractor's 6ase -anager is responsi&le for ensuring that all ,SE critical activities are covered &y
standards of competence and an assessment scheme to assure continuing competence is in place$ ,e shall
fulfil this re3uirement in accordance #ith corporately defined standards$
The contractor's 7ig Superintendent is responsi&le for ensuring that all personnel on the rig .other than
those undergoing training #ho #ill &e under direct supervision/ are competent to carry out tas+s #ithout
ris+ to the health and safety of themselves and others$
The contractor's capa&ility to provide competent staff is assessed during the pre3ualification appraisal
stage of the contract process and &y continuous assessment throughout the course of the contract$
'ompany management is responsi&le for the provision of personnel #ho are competent to perform their
defined roles and #ill monitor continuing competence through the formal annual performance appraisal
revie#$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
,ualifications 'ontracts should define the 3ualifications of staff holding +ey ,SE and
operational responsi&ilities$ 4here such responsi&ilities include the control of
significant ha*ards) the 3ualifications shall include a tested practical element
.e$g$ for a Driller) the possession of a #ell control certificate #hich includes a
successful simulator e2ercise endorsement) for a 6arge Engineer s+ills in
&allasting and rig sta&ility/$
%ncreasingly) the demands of senior rig supervisory 1o&s re3uire s+ills not
formerly re3uired of contractor's staff$ 'ontracts should e2plicitly state the
scope of senior 1o& positions and verify that incum&ents are 3ualified to hold
them$
Trainin&
Safety training should &e &ased on competence re3uirements) and ta+e into account development plans$
The effectiveness of training #ill need to &e assessed through o&servation and drills$ The 'ompany
Drilling Supervisor on contractor rigs has an important role to play in verifying that contractors fulfil
their o&ligations in the a&ove$ Some specific re3uirements are suggested &elo#$
The contractor's 7ig Superintendent and the 'ompany Drilling Supervisor have underta+en technical
and managerial training in accordance #ith local legislation and contractual re3uirements$ 0ll
supervisory personnel have undergone a programme of training and assessment in dealing #ith
emergency situations) supplemented &y a programme of drills and e2ercises on the installation
0ll persons involved in permit-to-#or+ procedures are trained) satisfactorily e2amined and authorised
for the specific #or+site$
o& specific safety training shall &e provided for all personnel in safety critical roles
Everyone #or+ing at the site shall have attended an induction &riefing covering +ey ,SE procedures
and) #here necessary) survival training
Specialist emergency response training shall &e carried out for all personnel #ith specific duties .e$g$
fire team training) ,
:
S training) etc/$ This su&1ect is further discussed in >$5$") also in EP "5-0:>0
<ogistics$
Speci1ic trainin& re)uirements
0 system shall &e set up &y each 'ompany to verify that any person proceeding to the rig possesses the
necessary certification as dictated &y local circumstances$ 5utline guidance is given &elo#$
Offshore survival Persons #or+ing offshore shall have a valid offshore survival course
certificate in accordance #ith 'ompany regulations$ The nature of the
course #ill depend upon the area of operation &ut classroom instruction
should include(
methods of escape from a rig
use of life&oats
use of life1ac+ets and survival suits
&oarding helicopters
escape from a helicopter
There should additionally &e practical training in life&oat handling) life raft
" EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
deployment) and under#ater escape from helicopters$
!pecialist training Persons #ho have a specific responsi&ility .e$g$ fire team) helidec+ cre#/
shall have a valid certificate of completion of the appropriate course$ %n
addition to the rig medic) there should &e at least one other trained first-
aider on shift at all times$ These personnel should &e involved in regular
drills) under the supervision of the medic) to maintain the necessary
competence$
Training should also &e given to staff #ho on occasion have to assume
responsi&ilities normally underta+en &y others$ Particular attention should
&e paid to areas normally covered &y service contractors #hose e3uipment
and materials may arrive &efore the personnel$ 0n e2ample here is the
competence re3uirements to assure the proper storage of e2plosives and
radioactive sources$
%ressure control 'ertain +ey personnel on the drilling unit shall hold a valid certificate of
e2amination from a recognised pressure control course$ These personnel
are(
'ompany Drilling Supervisor
4ell Site Drilling Engineer
'ontractor's 7ig Superintendent
Toolpushers
Drillers
0ssistant Drillers
Su&sea Engineers
The e2am shall have &een passed at supervisor level &y all e2cept the
Drillers and 0ssistant Drillers$ 4here su&sea #ellheads are &eing used the
a&ove listed personnel shall have a su&sea endorsement$ 4here drilling
contracts stipulate the re3uirement for volumetric stripping e3uipment)
supervisory staff of &oth the 'ompany and drilling contractor shall &e
trained in the techni3ue$
'igh pressure-high
temperature operations
4hen ,P=,T operations are &eing planned it is recommended that +ey
'ompany and contractor personnel attend a course specifically relating to
#ell pressure control re3uirements for drilling these #ells$
'ydrogen sulphide 4hen the possi&le occurrence of hydrogen sulphide is identified a specific
,:S training programme shall &e underta+en$ See >$5$" for details$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 %
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
!nduction trainin&
)mployee induction
programme
Every contractor shall have an induction programme for ne# rig
employees$ This programme shall &e carried out regardless of prior
e2perience to ensure a#areness of current standards and practices$ %n
addition to emphasising the responsi&ilities employees have for their o#n
safety) they shall &e instructed on #or+ procedures) safe practices) the
station &ill and any emergency responsi&ility associated #ith their position
on the station &ill) and the use of personal protective e3uipment$
;uidelines should &e in place for +ey contractor personnel to o&serve the
ne# employee's #or+ performance until they are satisfied that the
employee can fill the position in a safe and effective manner$
The induction programme shall also provide service contractor personnel
and 'ompany visitors information and instruction commensurate #ith
their duties and length of stay$
.isitors and new crew
members induction
/offshore0
?e#ly arriving visitors and cre# mem&ers shall &e met &y a responsi&le
person designated &y the 5%- #ho shall update the P56 list) assign
muster points and allocate life&oat stations$ The 5%- or his appointee
shall then perform a general safety &riefing$
This &riefing shall cover essential safety and survival features of the
drilling unit plus general safety practices) rules and procedures$ %t #ill at
least cover the follo#ing(
alarm signals and ho# to respond
life&oat stations and location of survival e3uipment
escape routes and signs
information a&out the main ha*ards .e$g$ fire=e2plosions) falling into
sea) gas=oil under pressure) dangerous #or+ areas) ,
:
S presence) etc/
issue and use of ,
:
S escape mas+ .#here appropriate/
use of &reathing apparatus
use of cascade system
smo+ing regulations
drugs=alcohol=#eapons policy
restrictions on photography .i$e$ permit needed/
protective clothing re3uirements
safe handling of chemicals
personal safety a#areness and re3uirement to report any ha*ards
o&served
supervisors' responsi&ilities for their area's personnel
permit-to-#or+ system
re3uirement for visitors to &e accompanied and guided
re3uirement to report &efore leaving) so that P56 list can &e updated$
( EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
9or those personnel unfamiliar #ith the drilling unit or its operations) and
#ho #ill &e staying on&oard to #or+ or #ho #ill &e staying on&oard
overnight) a &rief trip around the installation should &e arranged$ The trip
should cover(
life&oats) life rafts and survival e3uipment
restricted areas
escape routes
emergency telephones
rig office
radio office
sic+ &ay
alarm systems and procedures$
0n induction &oo+let is useful &oth for detailing the a&ove information and
for reference$
.isitors and new crew
members induction
/onshore0
0ppropriate parts of the a&ove re3uirements relating to offshore operations
also apply to land operations$ 5f particular concern here is mustering
procedures) #hich are complicated &y the ease of access to land rigs and
the distri&ution of staff &et#een rig and camp$ There should &e no free
access to rig sites$ 0 reporting procedure should &e in place #hich trac+s
the movement of personnel$ 0 'T-card' system to aid trac+ing and facilitate
the rapid identification of missing personnel is a good method of achieving
accurate mustering$
)+perience Previous relevant e2perience is an important factor in accepting the
nomination of contractor's personnel for +ey positions$ The re3uired level
of e2perience #ill vary #ith the seniority of the position and shall &e
determined prior to contract$ 0ny su&se3uent su&stitution of personnel &y
the contractor shall &e su&1ected to the same criteria$
%.%.' Contractors
Contractor selection re)uirements
Prior to inviting tenders) it is essential to esta&lish or update the re3uirements for the services needed to
carry out the #or+ programme$
0ll offshore rigs have an operating envelope #hich determines the limits of operation$ This operating
envelope ta+es into account #ater depths) environmental conditions and operating loads$ %t is therefore
important to determine these parameters prior to inviting rig tenders$
The importance of preliminary #ell planning to determine drilling unit specifications cannot &e
overstressed if the appropriate rig re3uirements are to &e stated in the tender documents$ The application
of the ,a*ards and Effects -anagement Process during the planning stage is important to help identify
such re3uirements$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 '
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
,ealth and environmental issues should also &e addressed here) for instance(
the re3uirements for 'no negative impact' discharge
the limiting of noise to &elo# levels +no#n to cause hearing loss
the provision of mud storage) mi2ing and treatment systems that minimise the e2posure of staff to
safety and health ha*ards
the provision of ade3uate recreational facilities) etc
%t is important to ensure that the rigs &eing &id en1oy staff continuity$ This #ill ensure that operations do
not start at the &ottom of the learning curve$ 4here a 'moth&alled' rig is &eing contracted) contractor
supervisory staff assigned to it should at least have previous e2perience on a similar unit$
4here possi&le a straightfor#ard 'sha+e do#n' #ell should &e programmed for a ne#ly contracted rig
prior to it engaging in more technically difficult and challenging #or+ such as high pressure=high
temperature drilling$
0greement should &e sought from Tender 6oards to ena&le proven good performance to &e a selection
criteria$
7eference should &e made to EP "5-0!!0 -anagement of 'ontractor ,SE$
Revie$ o1 contractorBs HSE MSCHSE Case
During the contractor selection process) #hen a short list has &een made) it #ill &e appropriate to
underta+e a revie# of the contractor's ,SE -anagement System and) #here applica&le) ,SE 'ase for the
drilling unit$
The contractor's ,SE -S should contain in detail(
contractor's management system as it applies to safety
a &rea+do#n of all safety critical activities
a list of all the documents and standards relevant to the ,SE -S
a remedial action plan #hich #ill address any deficiencies found in the process of documenting the
,SE -S$
Since the ,SE -S is a 'living' document the last element a&ove is particularly su&1ect to change$
The ,SE 'ase for the drilling unit shall contain(
information a&out the operation of the unit and restrictions should safety systems &e inhi&ited or
incapacitated
a description of all the identified ha*ards) their analysis) and the means &y #hich they are to &e
controlled
details of the ,SE -anagement System as it applies to the unit
details of the remedial action plan for rectifying deficiencies identified in the preparation of the ,SE
'ase and any su&se3uent revie#s
a statement that the rig is safe to operate as the ha*ards have &een evaluated and measures have &een
ta+en to reduce the ris+s to a level #here effective control can &e demonstrated$
* EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
Performance monitoring) audit programmes and ,SE 'ase revie#s are all vehicles &y #hich ,SE 'ase
deficiencies may &e identified$ 4here such deficiencies are assessed &y management as necessitating
remedial action) the strategy descri&ed in 3$@ should &e follo#ed$
Reportin& relationships
0 com&ined organogram #hich integrates the individual 'ompany and contractor organograms is a clear
#ay to depict the reporting relationships &et#een the various parties$
5nce esta&lished) it is important not to circumvent the agreed reporting route other than in a previously
documented manner such as) perhaps) the Emergency Procedures$ This can often prove difficult in
practice due) for instance) to drilling contractors &eing una&le to get telecommunications licences from the
host government$ Proper planning may not overcome such difficulties) &ut it #ill allo# the procedures and
organograms to reflect the realities of the situation rather than &eing in conflict #ith practice$
Subcontractor HSE
0ll service and su&contracting companies and their staff are re3uired to #or+ to similar consistent high
,SE standards) and achieve compara&le levels of ,SE performance as the drilling contractor$ They #ill
&e assessed accordingly$ -onitoring of su&contractor's ,SE performance is continuous and integral #ith
the monitoring of the drilling contractor's o#n performance$
Service and su&contractor employees #ho #or+ at the site are e2posed to ris+) &oth as a conse3uence of
the potential ha*ards of the site and from specific #or+ activity performed$ They should &e advised of
significant location ha*ards identified in the ris+ assessment or ha*ard register) ho# these are controlled or
mitigated) and the emergency procedures and muster arrangements$
0ll ne# employees shall attend a ,SE induction course prior to commencement of #or+$
'ontractor should specify training) competence and e2perience re3uirements for each specified position)
together #ith the responsi&ility of the contractor for fulfilling and maintaining such re3uirements$
'ontract holders are responsi&le for these specifications and for verifying that the contractor meets this
o&ligation$ <ine supervision has the responsi&ility for monitoring #or+ performance$
5n large) long term contracts) service and su&contractors are re3uired to provide strategies #hich identify
the methods for assessing staff competence) determining training needs) and defining the system for
maintaining the currency of training and competence$
;iven the principle that the drilling contractor's senior site representative is responsi&le for safety on the
rig) other line supervisors) including 'ompany staff) shall report to him on safety issues$ Service and
su&contractor staff shall also fall under his authority in this respect$ The face that they may report to the
'ompany Drilling Supervisor) as the contract holder) on technical performance matters does not
undermine this principle$
The proper e2ercise of the drilling contractor's authority and responsi&ility re3uires that he includes
service and su&contractor facilities in his inspections and ensures that they maintain high ,SE standards$
4hen the 'ompany is the contract holder) their representative also has responsi&ilities in this respect and
should ensure that high personnel and e3uipment standards are maintained$
oint inspections of service contractor operations #ill &oth demonstrate the common cause held &y the
'ompany and the drilling contractor) and improve the drilling contractor's understanding of ha*ards
associated #ith operations #here he has traditionally had little involvement$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 .
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
The 'ompany shall ma+e clear to all their service contractors that they endorse the drilling contractor's
authority on ,SE matters and shall uphold disciplinary measures ta+en for ,SE transgressions$
%n integrated engineering contracts #here the drilling contractor is not the lead contractor) the most senior
person on site shall &e ultimately responsi&le for on-site ,SE) in line #ith the principle descri&ed a&ove$ %f
this person does not have a drilling operations &ac+ground) particular care #ill need to &e ta+en to ensure
that he is e3uipped to handle all facets of his responsi&ility) and that the line structure on site is such that
he is properly supported$
Detailed guidance on contractor ,SE is given in EP "5-0!!0 -anagement of 'ontractor ,SE$
%.%.* Communication
Daily on-site co-ordination meetings are an effective forum for eliminating un#anted simultaneous
operations and minimising disruption to operations$ 0ccess to information is particularly vital to staff #ith
a planning function) the corollary of this &eing that they should &e a&le to influence decisions &eing made$
The advent of integrated engineering services should improve information flo#) &ut care needs to &e ta+en
that contractors #ho are not part of the integrated engineering services pac+age are included in this flo#$
%t is vital that staff at the rig site and in &ase offices have a common understanding of ongoing operations
and that the 3uality of information is not compromised through any filtering process$ To this end daily
reporting should &e a 1oint effort #ith &oth 'ompany and contractor line supervisors &eing present at &oth
ends #hen operational .including ,SE/ information is &eing communicated and decisions &eing made$
0t meetings &et#een contractor and 'ompany management) ,SE issues should al#ays &e on the agenda$
The rig ,SE committee should meet .prefera&ly #ee+ly/ and &e attended &y the contractor's 7ig -anager
#ho #ill provide a communications lin+ &et#een site meetings and management meetings$
,SE meetings are held to(
stimulate a t#o-#ay communication &et#een staff and personnel #hich is relevant and constructive
monitor and promote ,SE consciousness
report upon unsafe conditions or practices and their correction
generate suggestions on ho# to improve ,SE performance at all levels$
7egularly scheduled ,SE meetings are re3uired$ These meetings and any specially convened meetings
should &e led &y appropriate line supervisors$ They should ideally &e conducted in the language of
personnel in attendance) though necessity might dictate the involvement of an interpreter$
,SE meetings should have a structured form #ith the provision of ,SE themes and suita&le support
material$ They should &e action oriented) relevant and should encourage participation$ 0 &ase supervisor
should &e a regular attendee and report &et#een ,SE meetings held in the field and at the &ase office$
They should include a revie# of any recent incident and ,SE procedures implemented to prevent its
recurrence$ Every individual shall attend a ,SE meeting at least once per cre# cycle$ 7ig site #ee+ly
meetings should not &e protracted to the point #here attendees lose interest$ 're#s should &e given the
opportunity to provide input to the agenda$
Each meeting should &e documented) and the minutes should include a listing of those in attendance)
topics covered and any ,SE concerns raised$ -inutes should &e copied to the 'ompany Drilling
Supervisor and posted on notice &oards in relevant languages$
/ EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
5f critical importance is the resolution of recommended actions$ E2planations should &e promptly given
should recommendations &e considered inappropriate or unnecessary$ 0greed recommendations shall &e
follo#ed-up) #ith actions &eing monitored) closed-out and assessed for fulfilling the desired aim$
Pre-1o&) or 'tool&o2' meetings) are particularly effective and recommended for the purpose of discussing
,SE concerns specific to a particular 1o&$ Such meetings should &e attended &y all those involved)
including service contractors$
7efer to the document ';uidelines for Single String 8enture Drilling 5perations' .7ef$ 3/ for a typical
,SE meeting structure$
%.%.. Documentation and its control
Scope o1 standards
Standards lie at the heart of an ,SE -anagement System and can &e divided into four groups(
$anagement standards Set the frame#or+ in #hich the 'ompany operates and deals #ith
corporate policies) o&1ectives) accounta&ilities and controls$
)ngineering e1uipment
and material standards
Set the standards &y #hich e3uipment and materials are procured and &y
#hich the control of change is effectively managed$
2orking standards Set do#n the #ay in #hich day to day #or+ is carried out) monitored and
inspected$ They include #or+ procedures and particularly those #hich
relate to ,SE critical activities$
Competence standards Descri&e the competencies needed in a variety of 'ompany and contractor
#or+ roles and ho# competency is assessed$
Standards are set to(
secure technical integrity
define 3uality and performance re3uirements
standardise materials) e3uipment and documentation
define #or+ing procedures
transfer +no#ledge$
Standards provide a means &y #hich performance can &e measured and evaluated) and ena&le corrective
action to &e identified and e2ecuted$
So far as possi&le) internationally recognised e2ternal standards should &e used) as this is the &est #ay of
achieving consistency through the ;roup and throughout the industry$
!mplementin& standards
The management process includes(
The auditing of contractor rigs) contractor management and) #here appropriate) the rig ,SE 'ase) to
ensure these conform #ith 'ompany standards and operational safety o&1ectives$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 +
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
Preparing the drilling programme and associated documentation) #hich shall contain information such
as(
A environmental factors for &oth rig and location
A #ell data and o&1ectives
A #ell design including casing programme design criteria .for instance ,
:
S/) +ic+ tolerance) drilling
fluids) #ell evaluation re3uirements) #ell steering re3uirements .#ell path) targets and potential
ha*ards/) e3uipment re3uirements) 65P re3uirements) reference documentation and standards) #ell
testing re3uirements and completion) suspension or a&andonment re3uirements
agreeing #ith contractor's 7ig -anagers a ,SE Plan and the monitoring of performance against this
revie#ing incidents #ith 7ig -anagers and agreeing and implementing preventive measures
defining authority levels
defining and implementing audita&le change control procedures
progressing #aste management programmes
promoting #or+force involvement in ,SE$
0ll parties involved in the #ell operations process e2ercise their responsi&ilities and attain their safety
o&1ectives &y managing the activities descri&ed in the drilling contract$ They #ill invaria&ly have their
o#n ,SE -anagement Systems) #hich #ill &e documented either in a Safety Policy and Procedures
-anual) or increasingly) in their rig specific ,SE 'ase$ Provided these systems meet the 'ompany's
re3uirement for 3uality and completeness) it is recommended that they &e follo#ed$
The contractor's understanding) commitment and compliance #ith their o#n system #ill &e stronger than
one imposed upon them$ 9urther) the contractor's +no#ledge and e2perience should &e utilised during #ell
planning and programming stages$
'ontract documents shall include the necessary o&ligations relating to health) safety and protection of the
environment$
Control o1 standards
The ,ead of Drilling Engineering is responsi&le for the specification) maintenance and monitoring of
appropriate standards and for specifying their scope and application$ 0ny planned deviation from ;roup
standards shall &e approved at ;roup level and documented$
7eference should &e made in this chapter to the standards and reference material to #hich the Drilling
Engineering department conducts its &usiness$
0ppropriate) controlled documents should &e availa&le on all rigs and in the &ase offices of 'ompany and
contractors$
'ompany standards should &e revie#ed and updated in line #ith changing technology and practices$
0mendments shall &e approved &y the ,ead of Drilling Engineering$
HSE Case control? documentation and revision
The contractor's 6ase -anager) as the designated '0sset 5#ner' of the drilling installation is responsi&le
for maintaining the currency of the ,SE 'ase and for ensuring that any changes that may &e proposed are
confirmed at the appropriate level and are developed in con1unction #ith the #or+force$
"- EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
0ny change occurring to either the organisation descri&ed and its responsi&ilities) the management
controls or the installation hard#are) #ill &e evaluated to assess the implication of such change on the
,SE 'ase and the conclusions documented$
%n the event of any proposed modifications of a su&stantial nature #hich constitute material revision)
irrespective of #hether such modifications may decrease current levels of ris+) then such proposals #ill
need to &e 1ustified in a revised ,SE 'ase$ This #ill incorporate the proposed revision and &e su&mitted
for 'ompany approval prior to implementation$
E2amples of modifications to the management system) the structure of the rig or to plant and e3uipment
#hich could impact safety and #hich #ould normally merit a revised ,SE 'ase su&mission are(
changes of operatorship) o#nership or the contracting out of the management function
significant changes in the rig's organisational structure or staff num&ers not already allo#ed for in the
,SE 'ase
as a result of an unsatisfactory audit of the ,SE -anagement System leading to significant changes or
remedial #or+$ This refers to the system itself rather than the effectiveness of implementation
the conclusions of an investigation into an incident #here the actual or potential conse3uences #ere
significant) #hich recommend significant changes to the ,SE -S or facility design
the introduction of any ma1or ne# activities on the rig or in connection #ith it not already considered in
the ,SE 'ase
ma1or e2tensions in the scope or volume of #or+ associated #ith activities not considered in the ,SE
'ase
modifications to the rig) or the programme of #or+ it is re3uired to underta+e) #hich has or may have
a ma1or impact on safety
if the rig is to &e #or+ing alongside or a&ove another installation) a &ridging document shall &e
produced$
%.( Ha5ards and E11ects Mana&ement Process
The ,a*ards and Effects -anagement Process .,E-P/ has four steps(
systematic identification of ha*ards
assessment of the significance of ha*ards
implementation of suita&le ha*ard controls
planning for recovery in the event of loss of control
The process is applied &y as+ing a series of 3uestions of each activity$ This document lists the drilling
activities in se3uence although the Drilling Engineer shall ensure that the list includes all activities #hich
are li+ely to occur during the operation &eing considered$ 7efer to EP "5-0300 and EP "5-03!0 for further
details$
The 3uestions #hich shall &e addressed are(
have ha*ards &een identified in the process of carrying out this activityB
are the results of the ha*ard occurring of conse3uenceB .i$e$ is there a ris+ of in1ury or lossB/
are ha*ards &eing controlled in any #ay #hilst the activity is &eing carried outB
is it necessary to plan for recovery or emergency response in the event of the ha*ard &eing releasedB
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 "
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
%f the ans#er to any of these 3uestions is positive the activity is then regarded as safety critical$
These activities #ill then need to &e addressed at a level #hich assures effective control$ The involvement
of staff #or+ing #ith the ha*ards is important) if the controls developed are to &e effective$
%.' Plannin& and Procedures
%.'. 6eneral
9or the planning phase of an operation to &e effective it should concern itself #ith the prevention of
incidents through the elimination or control of ha*ards and the mitigation of conse3uences should the
ha*ardous event occur$
%t follo#s that a process needs to &e follo#ed to systematically identify and assess ha*ards and develop
the controls to manage those #hich cannot &e eliminated$ This can &e achieved &y(
use of ;roup or locally developed policies) standards and procedures
ma+ing a scouting visit to assess the situation on the ground
study of legislation and supporting approved codes of practice .#here these are availa&le/
a thorough analysis of the particular operation .see 3$4/
a study of accident) incident and ill health data from previous operations$ 9or the drilling phase of a
ne# venture) such data may &e availa&le from the seismic ac3uisition phase
5ther narrative in this chapter considers the ,SE considerations in the #ell planning process$
Plannin& the operation
E2perience has sho#n that ,SE performance can &e optimised through a structured planning process
#hich incorporates(
comprehensive operational pre-planning incorporating ,SE measures to manage identified ha*ards$
Those e2posed should &e su&1ected to the latter three phases of the ,a*ards and Effects -anagement
Process as descri&ed in 3$4
verification of e3uipment safety standards &efore operation start-up
verifying that an effective ,SE -anagement System is in place &efore start-up
an ,SE management training programme aimed at senior line management .'ompany and contractor/
and direct supervisors$ This training #ould include such topics as o& ,a*ard 0nalysis) Cnsafe 0ct
0uditing .C00/) Safety Training 5&servation Programme .ST5P/) #aste management and an
understanding of the factors #hich affect &ehaviour
detailed documented ,SE and contingency planning specific to the drilling campaign prior to
operational start-up
regular com&ined 'ompany and contractor management team audits and inspections according to a
planned schedule and focusing on ,SE management
esta&lishment of and adherence to transport management system$
Effective planning is essential for all aspects of the &usiness) #ith plans &ased upon +no#n and researched
information) and reasoned assumptions$ %n esta&lished 'ompanies) much of the +no#n information is
"" EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
&ased upon e2perience$ Plans for sustained improvement is contained in the Drilling Engineering
Department's ,SE Plan$
This plan is prepared annually as part of the 'ompany's total ,SE Plan and its implementation is
revie#ed periodically &y the 'ompany's -anagement ,SE 'ommittee$ The plan sets out the department
,SE o&1ectives and the methods &y #hich it #ill achieve them) lays do#n a time scale for implementation)
identifies action parties and esta&lishes a revie# process) &oth to monitor implementation and to modify
the plan according to needs$
The ,SE Plan is developed from such things as(
re3uirements carried over from the previous year's plan
audit and inspection findings
incident findings
ne# corporate initiatives
accident investigation findings
Tripod incident analysis) Tripod-DE<T0 implementation
,SE suggestions from the #or+force
management revie# action items$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 "%
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
'!) targets %t is essential to set ,SE targets that are accepted &y management and
employees as achieva&le$ Typically) a progressively reducing target is set)
#hich in the long term #ill lead to accident free performance$ 7ealistic
targets can only &e set after assessing the scope of #or+ for the period
under revie# and allocating tas+s to manage such #or+$ The only #ay to
reach a ,SE target is to manage effectively ris+s #hich threaten its
achievement$ Effective management demands that ha*ards and their
controls shall) so far as possi&le) &e addressed in the planning process$
Staff reports shall include ,SE-related targets or tas+s against #hich
performance can &e measured$ These should &e cascaded do#n from
department and 'ompany targets$ Performance
improvements should not &e 'demanded' #ithout giving individuals the
tools to do the 1o&) such as training and proper e3uipment$
%t shall &e verified that drilling contractors and lead service contractors
commit themselves and their su&contractors to a programme that ena&les
staff to achieve the performance standards aimed for$
!ite selection The E2ploration Department or Development sections of Petroleum
Engineering #ill determine the su&-surface target of the #ell to &e drilled
and sometimes also the #ell tra1ectory to reach the target$ This should &e
challenged if proposed site conditions so dictate$ 0side from considerations
such as access) topography) su&marine ca&les o&structions) etc the ha*ard
of shallo# gas and sea&ed or soil conditions shall &e ta+en into account$
Shallo# seismic run at the time of site surveying #ill give a good .&ut not
infalli&le/ indication of shallo# gas in the area$ 4here practica&le) drilling
locations shall not &e sited #here there is a ris+ of encountering shallo#
gas$ 4here this is not practica&le) additional measures to assure the safety
of the operation shall &e ta+en$
Procedures to &e follo#ed are referred to in 'Shallo# ;as Procedure
;uidance -anual' .7ef$ 4/$
<i+e#ise) shallo# seismic #ill give indications of the competence of the
sea&ed to support a 1ac+-up rig or anchor a floating vessel$ Soil &oring
may &e re3uired to assess this$
9or insurance purposes) drilling contractors re3uire the agreement of a
#arranty surveyor) acting on &ehalf of the rig insurers) &efore siting an
offshore drilling unit on location$ See 4$:$! for details of offshore location
preparation$
%.'." Asset inte&rity
See EP "5-0!00 ,SE -anagement Systems$
%.'.% Procedures and $or; instructions
Permit,to,$or;
0 permit-to-#or+ system shall &e in place #hich includes procedures for non-routine and critical
operations such as hot #or+) heavy lifts) electrical #or+) confined space entry and the handling of
radioactive materials and e2plosives$ 5n contracted drilling units #or+ing in isolation) the contractor's
procedures should &e adopted #ith any necessary changes$ They shall define the individuals responsi&le
"( EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
for authorisation) for verifying specified controls are in place and for co-ordination of the system$ The
permit shall include space for restrictions and controls to &e applied #hile the specified #or+ is &eing
underta+en$ 4hen a permit is issued) all relevant personnel shall &e informed #hen the #or+ has started
and #hen it is completed$
Planned #or+ #hich re3uires a permit shall &e discussed at the daily rig site co-ordination meeting$
7efer to >$@ for further discussion$
Concurrent operations
'oncurrent operations .also referred to as simultaneous operations/ pose pro&lems #hich demand high
levels of co-ordination to control effectively$ Detailed ha*ard identification and ris+ assessment are
re3uired during the planning phase of such an operation$ Such assessments #ill invaria&ly lead to a
manual of permitted operations .-5P5/ #hich #ill define #hich operations are permitted to &e
conducted simultaneously and #hich are not$
7efer to @$4 for further details$
Adverse $eather procedures
-any 5pcos are #or+ing in areas #here operations are adversely affected from time to time &y
environmental conditions$ %t is vital in these circumstances for the 'ompany to develop its o#n adverse
#eather policy and procedures suited to the local circumstances$ The procedures shall not only address
actions on the rig &ut also outside support re3uirements$
6efore commencing any contract #ith a mo&ile offshore unit) the responsi&ility for decision ma+ing in the
event of heavy #eather) or the forecast of heavy #eather) shall &e clearly defined and +no#n to involved
parties$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 "'
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
"efinition 0dverse #eather is defined as environmental conditions #hich may affect
the safety of the operation) e3uipment) and=or personnel if precautions are
not ta+en to protect against the ha*ard$
0dverse #eather #ill include) severe sea conditions) high #ind) ice)
ice&ergs) poor visi&ility) sno#) lightning) torrential rain potentially leading
to flooding and sandstorms$
3orecasting Essential to the a&ility to ta+e timely action to counter the adverse #eather
is an accurate #eather forecasting service$ This service may &e supplied
on contract either from a local source) if one e2ists) or from an
international #eather forecasting service$ 0 good local service #ill &e in a
&etter position to provide short term forecasts #hich are important for
predicting localised storm conditions$
0ssistance to the forecasting service can &e provided &y passing regular
#eather reports from the site of operations$ This in turn should improve
the accuracy of forecasting$
The development and movement of adverse #eather systems shall &e
closely monitored such that appropriate preparations are made in a timely
manner$ %n some areas prone to heavy #eather) a sector system) #here&y
progressive action is ta+en as a storm approaches) shall &e developed$
"eveloping a procedure 0 procedure shall state the actions to &e ta+en at site to ensure a safe
system of #or+ing during the period of adverse #eather and the conditions
under #hich the operations must &e suspended$
The procedure shall ta+e into account the nature of the #or+ and set limits
for certain operations such as running a 65P stac+) running casing or the
use of cranes$ This #ill need to &e developed in con1unction #ith the
contractor$
Operations planning Some activities carried out on the rig once commenced should &e
completed #ithout interruption) e2amples are the running of a 65P stac+
or running casing$ %t is important that the #eather forecast is noted on the
#or+ instructions$ Similarly) #hen adverse #eather is forecast #hich #ill
affect operations) ade3uate time must &e allo#ed to ta+e defensive action$
<imits on crane operations in respect of #ind speed and rig motion must
&e ta+en into account$
'ontingency plans shall also &e dra#n up) particularly offshore) for
occasions #hen it may &e prudent to reduce the num&er of personnel on
&oard) reduce the varia&le dec+ load) and ad1ust the draft of the drilling
unit$ The contractor's operating manuals #ill indicate #hat action needs to
&e ta+en in this respect$
!afety during heavy
weather
The development of an adverse #eather policy for an offshore mo&ile
drilling unit is governed &y four ma1or considerations
minimise ris+ to personnel
minimise storm damage to the drilling installation
minimise storm damage to the conductor) riser) #ellhead) and other
e2posed e3uipment
minimise possi&ility of pollution &y ensuring integrity of the #ell
Each type of drilling installation has its o#n criteria for reacting to a given
"* EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
storm condition$ To a large e2tent the continued operation of a rig depends
upon its design and e3uipment characteristics$ 0llo#a&le operating
conditions should &e detailed in the operations manual$
There are three phases in safety planning during heavy #eather #hen using a floating drilling installation(
%hase I Stop drilling operations) ma+e the #ell safe) hang off drill string and ma+e
preparations for disconnecting$
%hase II Disconnect the -arine 7iser) #hich may involve(
a/ 'ontrolled disconnection
&/ Emergency disconnection
c/ -ove the rig a#ay from the #ellhead and orient it to a heading
#hich minimises #eather affects on sta&ility$ %n some cases to#ing the rig
out of the path of the storm may &e necessary
4ote( 0s #ell as minimising the effects of the #eather on the vessel) this is
intended to avoid the possi&ility of the <o#er -arine 7iser Pac+age
.<-7P/) or in shallo# #ater the pontoons) hitting the top of the 65P
stac+ due to rig heave$ %f an emergency disconnect has ta+en place) the
direction in #hich the rig is moved a#ay should ta+e account of the #ater
depth to ensure that the <-7P does not hit the sea&ed$
%hase III Evacuate personnel from the drilling vessel
%.'.( Mana&ement o1 chan&e
The effective control of change) &e it to personnel) hard#are or procedures) is +ey to assuring the ongoing
integrity of the operation$
The change of personnel relates largely to issues of competence and #ill involve &oth an assessment of
competence and) #here necessary) training follo#ed &y a handover period$ The change of personnel should
&e controlled to minimise the disruption caused &y loss of continuity$
%n ma+ing hard#are changes the integrity of the original design shall &e ensured #ith respect to e3uipment
and the fitness for purpose assured #ith respect to additions$ This re3uires that appropriate e2pertise is
applied to the change$ 9or instance) the modification of a piece of e3uipment shall re3uire a revie# &y a
suita&ly 3ualified 'in-house' engineer) and often need the approval of the e3uipment manufacturer$ 0
procedure shall &e in place #hich assures that all hard#are changes are approved at the appropriate level
&efore &eing implemented$ This may involve e2ternal parties such as classification societies$
'hanges to programmes and procedures shall &e agreed at the level of original approval and involve the
input of those affected &y the change$
0ll changes shall &e assessed to ensure that they do not inadvertently introduce other ha*ards$ 'hanges
and their conse3uences shall &e documented and disseminated to ensure all involved are fully a#are &oth
of the change and its implications$ Such documentation #ill also provide an audit trail$
-a1or changes may re3uire an amendment of the ,SE 'ase$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 ".
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
%.'.' Contin&ency and emer&ency plannin&
%n preparing for an operation a plan shall &e put in place #hich #ill detail the methods of recovering from
any incident) on the drilling unit or attendant services) #hich causes in1ury or poses a threat to the health
and safety of personnel or the environment$
The recommended contents of the 'ompany's Emergency Procedures document are given &elo# as is a list
of the ha*ards #hich may need to &e addressed$
%t is the responsi&ility of the person in charge .generally the contractor Toolpusher on a land rig or
5ffshore %nstallation -anager D5%-E on an offshore rig/ to ensure that the emergency response facilities
and materials as specified in the contractor's Emergency Procedures are availa&le and fit for purpose at all
times$ Emergency response procedures shall address the action to &e ta+en on the drilling unit and the
responsi&le persons in the event of an emergency$ %t is also essential to identify alternative individuals to
assume +ey duties should normal incum&ents &e incapacitated$ Station 6ills shall &e posted detailing the
action to &e ta+en &y all personnel in emergency situations$
'o-ordination &et#een the contractor's and the 'ompany's Emergency Procedures is re3uired to avoid
conflict of actions$ This applies primarily in the &ase offices #here support services .helicopter) medical
&ac+-up) notification to official organisations) etc/ #ill &e arranged$
%n principle) the contractor should ta+e the lead on the rig in com&ating the emergency$ 9or contract and
resource reasons) the 'ompany #ill normally co-ordinate logistics) liaise #ith outside agencies and
other#ise provide intervention needs$ The 6ase -anager of the main contractor and other relevant
contractors should al#ays &e included in emergency control teams$ The co-ordinating lin+ &et#een rig and
&ase office #ill normally &e the 'ompany Drilling Supervisor on the rig$
These arrangements shall &e documented and signed &y &oth contractor and 'ompany$ 0n emergency
e2ercise shall &e performed to test the procedures prior to commencement of the operation$ 9urther drills
and e2ercises shall &e performed) particularly during the early stages of a contract) to verify that the roles
and responsi&ilities of all staff .on all shifts/ are understood and effectively discharged$
#pco emer&ency procedures
Documented emergency procedures shall &e in place &efore operations commence$ The document shall
detail the responsi&ilities of 'ompany personnel &oth on the rig and in the &ase office in the event of an
incident$ %n addition the principal responsi&ilities of the drilling contractor's 7ig Superintendent shall &e
stated #ith regard to co-ordination #ith the 'ompany Drilling Supervisor$
The action to &e ta+en &y 'ompany &ase office staff #ith regard to support services .e$g$ helicopters/ and
notifications .e$g$ coast guard) hospital government/ shall &e detailed for each type of incident$
4hen documents are normally stored electronically) hard copies of +ey procedures should &e availa&le and
the storage system should &e connected to an uninterrupta&le po#er supply$
0s appropriate to the operation) the document may include procedures for(
in1ury=illness re3uiring medevac to hospital
in1ury=illness re3uiring medevac out of country
fatal accident=illness
road accident re3uiring medevac
vehicle overdue
"/ EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
loss of aircraft
fuel=chemical spillage
hydrocar&on spill
e2treme #eather conditions
fire and a&andonment
loss of #ell control
,
:
S release
radioactive source=e2plosives incident
security &rea+do#n
&om& scare$
EP "5-03!> Emergency 7esponse provides guidance$
#il spill contin&ency plan
0 plan shall &e prepared for com&ating and cleaning up of oil spills$ 7eference should &e made to current
corporate guidance availa&le through ,SE departments$
The service may #ell &e provided &y a contractor #ho #ill have clean-up e3uipment and his o#n
procedures for its operation$
'ompany procedures shall detail the notifications necessary and provision of other contracted services
.e$g$ supply vessels/ and materials dependent on the scale of the spill$
Relie1 $ell plan
%t is advisa&le) and in some areas a re3uirement) to prepare a relief #ell contingency plan$ 5f prime
importance is having ade3uate data on the path of the pro&lem #ell$ The plan) #hich #ill &e site specific)
should consider(
&lo#out contingency team organisation
ac3uisition of third party e2pertise
sourcing of a drilling unit
provision of a high volume #ater supply
evacuation plan for near&y population
sourcing of materials .casing) mud) &its) #ellheads) etc/
safe siting of a rig for relief #ell drilling
directional services
possi&le +ill methods$
<ell control
The latest version of the 'Pressure 'ontrol -anual for Drilling and 4or+over 5perations' .7ef$ 5/ shall &e
used$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 "+
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
H
5
S procedures
Each 'ompany shall prepare its o#n procedures &ased on local conditions and incidence of the gas$ 7efer
to >$5 for further discussion on the su&1ect$
Shallo$ &as
The document 'Shallo# ;as Procedures ;uidance -anual' .7ef$ 4/ shall &e used &y the 'ompany as the
&asis for esta&lishing a procedure for dealing #ith shallo# gas$
Drills and e7ercises
Effective drills address three important o&1ectives #hich are(
to demonstrate the cre#'s a&ility to respond to a #ide range of emergencies$ Drills improve and
develop cre# confidence and identify those areas #here further attention is needed
to train the cre# in &oth individual proficiency and team #or+ necessary to handle anticipated rig-
specific emergencies
to test the emergency e3uipment$
0n effective drill programme should cover(
a description of the drill) including list of participants
realism in the drill
fre3uency of drills
a means of disseminating the results of drills to supervisors
topics identified during past drills #hich need improvement
an o&1ective evaluation of the drill highlighting &oth areas of success and areas re3uiring improvement$
Drills should &e &ased upon realistic criteria and carried out) so far as possi&le) as though the emergency
e2isted$ They shall not) ho#ever) e2pose personnel to un#arranted ris+$
The follo#ing drills shall &e carried out at each drilling installation(
+ic+=pit drills
fire drills
drills in the use of &reathing apparatus
hydrogen sulphide drills .if applica&le/
stretcher drills .e$g$ from the rig floor/
muster and a&andonment drills
medevac e2ercises$
The fre3uency of the drills should &e esta&lished in the annual ,SE Plan) &ut should &e sufficiently
fre3uent to assure the competence of all staff$
0ll drills) #hether onshore or offshore) shall include contact &eing made #ith &ase to verify the
effectiveness of communications$ This shall periodically include the re3uirement for duty staff to contact
the rig to confirm their contacta&ility$
%- EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
0 timed log of events should &e +ept &y supervisors acting as o&servers$ These logs should &e
consolidated into a drill report and used for the de&rief) and for disseminating information on corrective
actions to staff$ 0 copy of the report shall &e sent to the &ase offices of &oth the drilling contractor and the
'ompany$ Supervisory visits should occasionally include the o&servation of a drill$
%.* !mplementation and Monitorin&
%.*. Activities and tas;s
See EP "5-0!00 ,SE -anagement Systems$
%.*." Monitorin&
This chapter discusses various arrangements that are employed to monitor the implementation of the
health) safety and environmental policy at the installation$
Performance monitoring and revie# #ill &e a +ey element of the ,SE Plan and the part #hich facilitates
enhancement of the plan's 3uality &y highlighting areas for improvement$ The ,SE performance can &e
assessed against the criteria considered &elo#$
#ccupational health
Performance in relation to occupational health is measured against 'ompany standards #hich shall at
least meet legal re3uirements and in any event ensure the prevention of adverse health effects due to
#or+ing conditions$
5ccupational health issues in drilling operations shall include the safe handling of chemicals) the use of
oil-&ased muds .56-/) the use of radioactive su&stances) e2posure to ,
:
S) ergonomic issues) protection
against the elements and noise control$ 0ll of the a&ove should &e dealt #ith through the ,a*ards and
Effects -anagement Process$
Performance indicators can &e derived through the analysis of medical referrals$ 0 typical analysis at a
drilling location #ould &e the fre3uency of s+in rashes #hich may reflect on #or+ practices and
compliance #ith protective e3uipment re3uirements$ 0nother longer term indicator #ould &e the num&er
of persons sho#ing evidence of hearing loss$
The analysis of some of these indicators #ill need the support of specialist services$
Sa1ety monitorin&
The measurement of performance in relation to safety is &ased on such things as in1ury statistics) the
incident potential matri2) T7%P5D DE<T0 sensing e2ercises) unsafe act auditing) feed&ac+ from drills
and e2ercises and feed&ac+ from audits and inspections$
Environmental protection
0 #aste management programme shall &e part of the ,SE Plan and &e aimed at achieving short and long
term reductions in the volume and to2icity of #aste generated$ 4ithin drilling operations) reductions can
&e achieved &y such things as slim hole drilling .S,D/ and the su&stitution of chemical products) e$g$
using #ater &ased mud instead of 56-$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 %
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
S,D offers onshore the additional and su&stantial advantage of reducing the location footprint)
minimising road construction and upgrade #or+) reducing overall drilling associated costs and distur&ance
of the environment$ 7eference should &e made to '-a+ing the -ost of Drilling 4aste -anagement' .7ef$
>/$
Revie$
The revie# process #ill address the meeting of targets documented in the annual ,SE Plan$ %t #ill also
address the success of implementing the action items arising out of all activities #hich produce
recommendations) such as ,SE meetings) inspections and incident investigations$
%ndividual ,SE performance targets) normally developed during the annual staff reporting cycle) should
also &e assessed and) #here necessary) further action to achieve attainment agreed$
7evie#s shall also &e carried out on all contracts against the contractor's ,SE Plan$ The revie#s should
&e 1ointly held and any remedial action 1ointly agreed$
Per1ormance indicators
The measure of ,SE performance can &e o&tained &y the use of suita&le indices #hich #ill(
provide a consistent method for collecting and communicating data on incidents
sho# &y comparison the effectiveness of the ,SE management programme) &oth #ithin the 'ompany
and #ith other companies
ena&le an assessment to &e made of a contractor's ,SE performance relative to the industry
indicate #hether an operation is &eing managed #ell or #hether management is driven &y events$
9or performance monitoring to &e useful it is essential that all incidents are reported$ 0ppropriate
measures to assure this shall &e put in place$ Performance criteria #ith respect to <ost Time %n1uries
.<T%s/ and Total 7ecorda&le 'ase 9re3uency .T7'9/ are set at the &eginning of each year and detailed in
the ,SE Plan$ Some proactive indicators #ould &e produced &y(
monitoring compliance #ith the plan
monitoring compliance #ith corrective action re3uirements arising as a result of ,SE meetings) audits)
etc
monitoring changes in the drilling se3uence #hich may have a significant impact upon effective
planning$
Trends indicated &y periodically auditing against predetermined criteria) such as those provided &y the
%nternational <oss 'ontrol %nstitute .%<'%/) are &eing used &y some drilling contractors$
The 'ompany and contractor should assess and record the potential outcome of all incidents .including
near misses/ as a means of revie#ing them in terms of '#hat might have &een the conse3uences'$ 7esults
are presented on an incident potential matri2$ %ncident report action items together #ith action parties and
completion dates are recorded on the rig ,SE information data &ase and monitored on a regular &asis$
Tripod-DE<T0 may &e used as a proactive human factors diagnostic tool for assessing the resistance of a
rig to accidents and for identifying those pro&lem areas #hich) if not attended to) are most li+ely to cause
accidents in the future$
7ig inspections are also used to measure performance$ This is achieved using a programme of inspections)
against predetermined standards and improvement targets$ These inspections are carried out &oth
%" EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
internally) &y rig supervisors and mem&ers of the #or+force) and e2ternally &y &ase management
representatives of the 'ompany) the drilling contractor and services contractors$
0n e2ample of such an inspection is that made &y the site supervisors$ This inspection is conducted &y
&oth contractor and 'ompany personnel against a chec+ list and progressively covers all areas of the
installation including service contractor facilities$ Each inspection report is revie#ed &y the &ase line
managers so that appropriate resources can &e made availa&le) and any corrective action re3uirements &e
given the priority re3uired$
9or further information on the su&1ect of performance indicators refer to ';uide for Safety Performance
7eporting' .7ef$ @/$
3ine mana&ement HSE inspections
0 fre3uent o&servation made during S%EP-led drilling technical ,SE audits is that line management visits
lac+ focus and therefore effectiveness$ To get the most out of the effort put into rig inspections in general
and line management inspections in particular) it is essential that a structured approach is ta+en$
The follo#ing three paragraphs suggest an appropriate structure and give guidance on ho# to develop it$
5ne of the o&1ectives is to minimise e2tra administration and to reduce the seemingly never ending 1o&
lists #hich act as demotivators to &oth 'ompany and drilling contractor site staff$
The three elements of the inspection are(
planning
e2ecution
feed&ac+=close out$
%lanning %nspections made shortly after start-up #ill place the main emphasis on
verifying the effective close out of deficiencies) particularly those
associated #ith ,SE management) identified in the pre-start-up audit$ The
focus #ill change as the drilling pro1ect progresses$
The importance of hard#are inspections should not &e underestimated$
0ppropriate and #ell maintained hard#are is essential for the safe conduct
of operations and such inspections are also essential to allo# a reasoned
1udgement to &e made on such things as(
the effectiveness of the preventive maintenance system
the competence of personnel to perform their duties
the a&ility of staff to handle their #or+load
0n inspection made during non-routine operations may #ell focus on the
permit-to-#or+ system and the effectiveness of communications) such as
&riefings and tool &o2 tal+s) to assure that staff remain a#are of) and in
control of) the overall operation$
5ne made during routine operations may focus on hoisting e3uipment) to
verify the effectiveness of on-site audit and inspection$ Electrical safety
may &e addressed) to verify that ha*ardous *one re3uirements are fulfilled
and that staff are not
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 %%
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
e2posed to electric shoc+s$ E2pert assistance should &e called on to inspect
areas in #hich the manager lac+s e2pertise$ This is particularly important
to give assurance that accidents do not arise out of lac+ of +no#ledge of
the inherent ha*ards$
The +ey point is to have a particular ,SE o&1ective in mind$ The main
thrust of the inspection) #ith respect to ,SE) is to ascertain the
effectiveness of the systems and #here necessary ma+e recommendations
for improvements) rather than to focus on the operational 'nuts and &olts'$
)+ecution 0ll 'ompanies perform rig inspections) #ith many doing it to a regular
schedule$ %t is generally a multi-purpose visit) addressing a #ide variety of
issues$ The more effective ones include a &riefing=discussion #ith all
relevant supervisors covering the highlights of the previous period and a
loo+ ahead$
%t is helpful if supervisory visits are made 1ointly &y 'ompany and
contractor representatives and that they hold a 1oint meeting #ith their
senior site representatives to ensure that a common approach is agreed for
follo# up action$
There #ill al#ays &e a place for a rig #al+a&out) &ut it should not distract
from the planned o&1ective$ ,ard#are deficiencies should &e loo+ed at in
terms of the management system in place to identify and rectify them)
rather than merely noting it on a 1o& list for rectification$ This is not to
minimise the importance of rectification) more to ensure that all
deficiencies #ill &e systematically identified and their root causes
addressed to prevent similar ones recurring$
3eedback-close out 9or supervisory visits to &e &oth useful and credi&le) there needs to &e a
process #hich feeds &ac+ the results of the inspection and closes out any
remedial action re3uirements$ This #ill re3uire a degree of documentation$
The #ritten report of the inspection should &e concise and should &e
passed to the rig promptly$ 0ction items) action parties and completion
targets should &e given$
Since the success of an operation is dependent upon team effort) the
feed&ac+ should &e given to all relevant staff after having identified action
parties #ith the agreement of senior site supervisors$ The emphasis should
al#ays &e on agreed action items as this #ill increase commitment to
successful resolution$ So long as the overall o&1ective is not compromised)
give and ta+e should &e used to o&tain such commitment$
9ollo# up shall &e monitored regularly and this may &est &e done during
su&se3uent visits$ Should an agreed remedial action prove not to &e
feasi&le) this should &e openly discussed and agreement reached on
possi&le alternatives$ 'learly) all remedial actions shall &e closed out in a
time frame commensurate #ith their importance$
The document '-anagement Safety %nspections' .7ef$ F/ gives valua&le
guidance on this su&1ect$
8nsa1e act auditin&
E2perience has sho#n that a high proportion of accidents result from an unsafe act &y an individual$ The
reason for the unsafe act may #ell &e a reflection on the individual's training or the pressures under #hich
%( EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
he is #or+ing rather than negligence$ 4hatever the reason) there is a need to &e proactive in removing the
&asic causes of accidents and to carry out an audit of any unsafe acts #hich still occur$
The o&1ectives of auditing unsafe acts are(
to reduce the potential for accidents
to reaffirm and improve the accepted standards of safety
to improve communication and understanding
to improve the cultural attitude to#ard safety$
The process of unsafe act auditing is fully descri&ed in 'Cnsafe 0ct 0uditing' .7ef$ "/$ -any Shell
'ompanies and contractors have adapted the techni3ue to suit their mode of operation and the culture of
the host country$ The o&1ectives) ho#ever) remain the same$
%.*.% Records
See EP "5-0!00 ,SE -anagement Systems$
%.*.( Non,compliance and corrective action
See EP "5-0!00 ,SE -anagement Systems$
%.*.' !ncident reportin&
#b9ectives and principles
The o&1ectives of an incident investigation and reporting system are(
to investigate all ha*ardous and potentially ha*ardous incidents at a level) depth and speed appropriate
to their seriousness
after determining root causes) to ta+e appropriate action to prevent the recurrence of the incident or
similar incidents
to communicate the findings of incident investigations) the conclusions reached and recommendations
made to all appropriate personnel$ This includes contractors and service companies and) #here
appropriate) dissemination on a ;roup #ide &asis$
to identify trends in a timely fashion and target areas of particular concern
to contri&ute a data&ase to assist engineering design$
EP "5-0!00 ,SE -anagement System 'hapter > and the document '%ncident %nvestigation and 0nalysis
;uide' .7ef$ !0/ are useful references$
9or investigation purposes) #ith the e2ception of a fatality or a serious lost time in1ury) the level and depth
of the investigation should &e &ased on the incident's potential rather than the actual conse3uences$ The
document '%ncident Potential -atri2' .7ef$ !!/ provides guidance$
The 'ompany Drilling Supervisor at drilling locations shall assist in assessing the potential of all
incidents occurring on site and should verify the ade3uacy of their investigation$ This #ill re3uire that he
ta+es part in the investigation of incidents #hich fall into an area of the incident potential matri2 that has
&een defined as re3uiring 'ompany participation in the investigation$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 %'
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
E2cept #here the seriousness of an incident dictates other#ise) the drilling contractor should lead the
investigation and 'ompany &ase management verify that corrective actions are appropriate and sufficient$
7esponsi&ility for follo#-up action shall &e identified$ 0ny changes in procedures) rules) e3uipment
replacement) etc #hich arise as a result of the investigation) shall &e documented in the report and shall &e
discussed during appropriate ,SE meetings$
!ncident reportin& procedure
%n a stand alone drilling operation) the drilling contractor's senior site representative is responsi&le for
,SE on the rig and all incidents shall &e reported to him$ Together #ith the 'ompany's senior
representative) he should assign each incident #ith a code derived from an incident potential matri2$ This
code #ill determine the seniority of staff ta+ing part in an investigation and the depth to #hich the incident
needs to &e investigated$
'learly) a degree of common sense needs to &e applied if staff are to &e motivated to report all incidents)
including near misses$ 9ear of the investigative and administrative #or+load should not inhi&it staff from
ma+ing such reports$
This may initially result in lo#er potential incidents merely &eing logged$ %f a recurring trend is noted
further investigation may #ell &e #arranted to eliminate underlying causes$ 0s performance improves) the
'goal posts' can &e narro#ed to address lo#er potential incidents$
%t is essential that the senior supervisors are appraised of all incidents so that they can assess potential and
decide necessary corrective action to &e ta+en$ E3ually importantly) they can ensure that relevant
information is disseminated to others #ho may &enefit from the +no#ledge$
Detailed guidance on incident reporting and investigation is given in the documents '0ccident
%nvestigation' .7ef$ !:/ and ';uide for Safety Performance 7eporting' .7ef$ @/$
0 reporting procedure might the ta+e the follo#ing form for non-critical incidents(
!$ The drilling contractor Toolpusher leads the on-site investigation into the incident and prepares the
report #hich includes remedial action re3uirements$ The 'ompany Drilling Supervisor ta+es part in
the investigation and countersigns report as accurate and sufficient$
:$ The report is sent to drilling contractor 7ig -anager #ho adds his comments and signs his
agreement to the recommendations$ ,e can also recommend further investigations if necessary at this
point) perhaps #ith a higher level team$
3$ The report is sent to relevant 'ompany Senior Drilling Engineer .7ig Superintendent/ #ho adds his
comments and signs the report$ ,e can also recommend further investigation
4$ The report is then sent to the contract holder .,ead of Drilling Engineering/ #ho follo#s the process
previously descri&ed$
5$ Parallel #ith this process the ,SE Department #ill revie# the report as received from the rig and
provide any input they may have to the 'ompany Senior Drilling Engineer$
>$ 0 copy of the finalised report is returned to the rig for implementation of the agreed remedial actions$
4hile the a&ove descri&es audita&le) procedural aspects of the incident reporting process) normally
communication channels +eep relevant issues alive #hile this is ongoing$
%.*.* !ncident 1ollo$,up
See EP "5-0!00 ,SE -anagement Systems$
%* EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
%.. Audit
Technical ,SE audits assess the effectiveness of the controls in place to manage ,SE aspects of activities$
0s proper ,SE management is a 3uality inherent in the #ay the 'ompany conducts its operations) it is
essential that the audit team has mem&ers familiar #ith the process &eing audited$ %t is also important to
&e a&le to ma+e an o&1ective assessment$ This ma+es it desira&le that the team includes mem&ers #ithout
direct responsi&ility for the operation$ %n small 'ompanies and ventures) this may not &e possi&le$
The ,SE -anagement System shall contain reference to(
the relevant audit policy and procedure
the #ay actions recommended &y an audit are agreed) put into effect and follo#ed-up
the means &y #hich lessons learned from such audits are communicated laterally #ithin and outside the
organisation in order that actions arising out of +ey learning points can &e applied else#here$
5perations associated #ith the installation shall &e su&1ect to a programme of audits under the 'ompany
and contractor audit plan$ This su&1ect is addressed &elo#$
6eneral
%t is a re3uirement that drilling contractors and associated service contractors have an effective system in
place for managing ,SE$ The assessment and approval of this system shall &e part of the tender
evaluation process$ So long as ma1or contractors apply corporate re3uirements to their #orld-#ide
operations) the #or+ load for performing this tas+ should diminish 3uic+ly #ith time$ The ,SE
department should have the e2pertise to assist #ith this tas+$
The effectiveness of the system cannot &e assessed) of course) until the unit has &een manned up for
operations$ This implies that ideally) a ,SE management audit should &e carried out #hile the rig is
#or+ing for another operator) such that deficiencies can &e rectified prior to the start of contract$ 4here
this is possi&le) and the system is found to &e effective) assurance should &e gained from the contractor
that staffing) at least at the supervisory level) #ill not &e significantly changed #ithout prior agreement$
4here agreement from the previous operator cannot &e gained) or #here the rig is &eing mo&ilised from a
stac+ed condition) assurance should &e gained from the drilling contractor that supervisory staff are
familiar #ith the re3uirements of the ,SE -anagement System$ This shall then &e assessed upon start-up
of operations$
4hen properly structured) the 'ompany's assessment of the contractor's ,SE -anagement System also
provides a useful insight into ho# effectively the contractor manages other aspects of his &usiness$
Schedule
The follo#ing offers advice on a suita&le schedule of audits and inspections of drilling operations$
Ne$ venture
'haracterised &y small Shell team #ith limited manpo#er) and a high reliance on contractor resources$
%re6Tender -eeting #ith contractors selected to &id to advise on Shell ,SE
re3uirements$
%recontract Pre-selection inspection of rig and associated e3uipment generally &y third
party consultants$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 %.
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
Environmental impact assessment of the drilling site and means of access$
%re6!tart6up 0udit &y 'ompany and main contractor management to verify that an ,SE
-S is in place #hich ena&les the achievement of venture ,SE o&1ectives$
!tart up S%EP-led ,SE audit shortly after spud$
2eekly %nspection &y 'ompany and contractor senior supervisors$
Other %nspections &y a mem&er of the management team .fre3uency depending
on overall management field visit programme &ut at least monthly/$
Small #pco
'haracterised &y limited manpo#er and &y discontinuous drilling operations #hich may lead to loss of
e2pertise &et#een drilling campaigns$
%re6Tender -eeting #ith contractors selected to &id to advise on Shell ,SE
re3uirements$
%recontract Pre-selection inspection of rig and associated e3uipment generally &y third
party consultants$
Environmental impact assessment of the drilling site and means of access$
%re6!tart6up 0udit &y 'ompany and main contractor management to verify that an
,SE -S is in place #hich ena&les the achievement of venture ,SE
o&1ectives$
!tart up S%EP plus 5pco safety audit shortly after spud$
2eekly %nspection &y 5pco senior supervisors$
,uarterly 7evie# of audit follo# up progress$ 'opy to &e sent to S%EP$
7early 6y a team of local 'ompany and contractor management$
Other %nspections &y a mem&er of the management team .fre3uency depending
on overall management field visit programme &ut at least 3uarterly/$
0udits generally include service company) transport) supply and associated field engineering activity$
The audit process
The o&1ectives of ,SE audits are(
to +eep 'ompany management informed of the health and integrity of all the 'ompany's activities &y
monitoring) on a periodic &asis and in a systematic manner) the ,SE management system in order to
assess its effectiveness
to assist line management to identify ,SE shortcomings
to assist line management to identify remedies
to ensure that remedies are carried out through effective follo#-up procedures$
,SE audits should form part of the annual ,SE Plan and in some larger 'ompanies #ill &e part of an
integrated audit plan$ Staff should &e +eenly a#are of the difference &et#een audits and inspections$ The
%/ EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
audit process is one of verifying the effectiveness of ,SE management and is not a detailed hard#are
inspection$
%t is particularly important to emphasise to all concerned that a drilling audit is not simply an audit of the
drilling contractor$ %t #ill cover all aspects of the drilling operation including those aspects controlled or
managed &y the drilling contractor) the 'ompany and service contractors$
0udit fre3uency is some#hat dependent upon the length of contract &ut a start-up audit is particularly
valua&le as it emphasises the ,SE principles upon #hich the operation is founded$
0s #ith all other aspects of the &usiness) audits need to &e planned and team mem&ers prepared) such that
the scope of #or+ is effectively covered$ %n this planning stage the e2pertise re3uirements is identified and
#ill dictate the audit team ma+e-up$
The main elements of the audit include(
revie#ing documentation) including necessary certificates
intervie#ing staff &oth in the &ase offices) field offices and on the rig
inspecting e3uipment
comparing #or+ practices #ith documented procedures$
E2ternal audits are led &y an e2perienced S%EP technical auditor) generally #ith #ide drilling operations
e2perience$ They should include representatives of &oth 'ompany and drilling contractor line staff$ Team
mem&ers should &e of a seniority #hich empo#ers them to agree to the main findings$ So long as findings
are &ased on o&1ective evidence) agreement should not &e difficult to reach$
0n internal management ,SE audit should &e conducted once a year &y a team typically consisting of the
contractor's 0rea -anager) contractor <ocal -anager) the 'ompany Senior Drilling Engineer and
'ompany's ,SE 0dviser$ The audit should &e similarly structured to that of an e2ternally led audit and
revie# the application of the system in place to manage ,SE issues as #ell as other organisational and
hard#are issues$
The implementation of ,SE 'ases should aid the auditing process &y more clearly focusing on the
management of ha*ards associated #ith the operation$
'opies of previous inspection records should &e +ept on the rig to document findings noted during earlier
inspections and follo#-up action ta+en to correct the pro&lem$
%t is important that the audit report is a &alanced document giving credit #here credit is due and not 1ust
highlighting deficiencies$
0 revie# should &e carried out near the end of a contract to assess the effectiveness of ,SE management
throughout the contract period$ Performance trends should &e identified and an end of contract note
#ritten to use as an input into any future tender e2ercise in #hich the contractor is involved$
S%EP #ill provide a guidance pac+age for the audit of drilling operations upon re3uest$
%./ Revie$
This su&1ect is divided into three parts and descri&es the corrective action process for audit
recommendations) ,SE 'ase recommendations and ,SE -anagement System remedial action
recommendations$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 %+
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
0 monitoring system should &e instituted to trac+ completion of action items in the indicated time frame$
Audit action recommendations
4here the auditee cannot agree a recommended action item a variation should &e documented #hich
descri&es the proposed alternative #hich #ill achieve the same o&1ective or alternatively the reasons #hy
the recommended action has &een re1ected$
The audit should &e closed out #ith a listing of the status of action items$
HSE Case remedial actions
7emedial actions from the preparation of ,SE 'ases may arise as follo#s(
deviations from agreed standards identified in preparing the ,SE 'ase
actions arising out of studies used to assess ha*ards
actions arising as a result of creating standards the need for #hich has not previously &een recognised
actions arising out of changes to the ,SE 'ase prompted &y significant changes to the installation or
the operations it is conducting$
0ctions should &e agreed) a party responsi&le for implementation nominated) a completion date fi2ed and
a progress monitoring system put into place$
HSE MS remedial action
The definition and documentation of the ,SE -S may #ell lead to #ea+nesses &eing identified and
remedial action items &eing recommended$ The ,SE -S itself #ill &e su&1ected to an ongoing revie#
process #hich #ill lead to further corrective action plans$ The plans shall sho# action parties and realistic
completion dates$
Monitorin& system
9or each recommendation) action parties and completion estimates are esta&lished and entered onto the
7emedial 0ction Plan$ The status of all action items are reported at regular intervals to a revie#
committee of senior managers in order that progress is effectively monitored and e2pedited as necessary$
%t is logical that a common system should &e set up to monitor the implementation of action items arising
out of all four of the su&1ects discussed$ The ,SE department) #hen properly staffed) should &e the
guardian of such a system) though responsi&ility remains #ith the line #ho should follo# up and +eep the
system guardian regularly appraised of status$
Revie$ and improvement
The management revie# and improvement process consists of three main parts(
the development and maintenance of ,SE Plans cascaded from the corporate to the departmental level
the revie# process &y #hich the effectiveness of the ,SE Plans) ,SE -S and ,SE 'ases is
determined
the improvement strategy through #hich the product of the revie# process is implemented$
(- EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
Development? maintenance and revie$ o1 HSE Plans
The 'ompany shall produce an annual ,SE Plan$ This is normally prepared &y the ,SE department #ith
significant input from line departments to assure completeness of coverage and the setting of realistic
targets$ %t is revie#ed and endorsed &y the -anaging Director$ %ts purpose is to(
create an understanding of the corporate ,SE policy and give it a common direction
focus on +ey elements of ,SE management) #ith the o&1ective of systematically removing the &asic
causes of loss) &y means of ongoing revie#s of ,SE systems and performance$
9rom this corporate document #ill &e generated an 5perations ,SE Plan and su&se3uently a Drilling
Engineering ,SE Plan$ These plans #ill for a large part &e a development of the previous years plan) &ut
may also include ne# ideas and procedures &rought in from outside$ Staff ne# to the area can have an
important role to play in this respect$
The targets set out in plans shall &e monitored for achievement &y periodic revie#$ The plan should
remain a living document #ith amendments initiated #hen &enefits to performance can &e seen$
The implementation of the plan is a line responsi&ility and line supervisors should &e allotted ,SE tas+s
and targets &ased on the plan's re3uirements$ The achievement of such targets should also &e part of the
annual performance assessment process$
!mprovement strate&y
Company The 'ompany's improvement strategy should &e set against the outcome of
the revie# process and the long term targets of *ero accidents and *ero
negative discharges to the environment$ To this end five year reducing
targets should &e set and performance revie#ed periodically to monitor
achievements and identify actions for further improvements$
0s performance improves) the 'goal posts' tend to narro# and ne#
strategies are re3uired to continue the improvement trend$ The drilling
contractors have a particularly valua&le role to play here as they have &een
e2posed to ideas from outside the 'ompany #hich may #ell offer fresh
insights$
The annual plans are developed #ith all of the a&ove in mind so that
lessons learned are incorporated into successive year's plans$
The ,SE -S is revie#ed periodically .appro2imately every three years/
and a revision and improvement programme developed &ased upon(
e2amination of performance indicators to see #here ,SE -S
improvements are necessary
revie# of audits and incident reports to identify areas #here enhancing
the ,SE -S #ill facilitate performance improvement
revie#ing the ade3uacy of the ,SE -S documentation$
9or the ,SE -S to achieve its desired o&1ective it is vital that staff at all
levels understand its aims and their role in its effective implementation$
The system therefore needs to &e transparent and 'user friendly'$
Contractor The contractor ,SE improvement strategy) li+e#ise) is set against the long
term targets of *ero accidents) *ero negative impact to health and *ero
negative discharges to the environment$ To this
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 (
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
end) reducing targets are set for the occurrence of recorda&le accidents &y
the contractor 6ase -anager$ These are revie#ed annually$
The improvement strategy is &ased on the identification of +ey corporate
,SE issues periodically) and addressing them in the rig ,SE Plan &y a
series of actions$ The issues #ill continue to &e addressed in annual plans
until conditions have &een improved as far as reasona&ly practica&le$
The rig ,SE Plan is developed #ith the a&ove in mind and the lessons learned from each year's operations
are reflected in ne2t year's plan and programmes$
6oth the ,SE -anagement System and health) safety and environmental performance are su&1ect of a
num&er of formal revie#s(
the 'ompany 5perations=Drilling -anager monitors ,SE programme progress and reports status at
the 'ompany's 3uarterly ,SE management overvie# committee meeting
the contractor 6ase -anager revie#s and summarises the overall health) safety and environmental
performance for the installation in his monthly report
,SE performance is discussed at the installation ,SE meetings giving the opportunity for comment
and feed&ac+$
4here such revie#s identify concerns or trends #hich merit immediate attention) appropriate action is
initiated$
(" EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
4 Drilling HSE Manage0ent S1%te0
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EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 (%
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
( PREPARAT!#N
(. Site Preparations , 3and
(.. 3ocations
Sitin&
4ells should &e located at least the height of the mast a#ay from pu&lic roads) rail#ays) pu&lic #or+s)
houses or other pu&lic places$ Safe distances from any radio transmitters need to &e esta&lished so that the
use of e2plosives and detonators may proceed #ithout danger of e2ternal activation$ 4here this is not the
case) enforcea&le control procedures shall &e esta&lished) or detonating systems not affected &y stray
electrical currents should &e used$
Sites close to overhead and underground po#er lines should also &e avoided$ ?ot only do they pose a
threat to the safe use of e2plosives) &ut also to the safe operation of cranes and other e3uipment that can
potentially come into contact #ith them$
0ll practica&le means shall &e ta+en to minimise or avoid detrimental effects on the surrounding
environment &y virtue of the construction of the location or the operation of the drilling rig$ 9or specific
sites) advice should &e re3uested from the ,SE Department$
Si5e
The site should &e si*ed to contain all e3uipment and &uildings) storage) #or+shops) etc using distances
&et#een various rig components in line #ith e2isting rules and regulations for the area of operation and
the ha*ardous area dra#ing of the drilling rig$ 4ithin the a&ove constraints) it shall &e si*ed to minimise
environmental impact$
Sources o1 i&nition
?a+ed lights) unprotected electrical e3uipment) smo+ing and all other sources of ignition shall &e
prohi&ited on all drilling=#ell sites$ 4hen internal com&ustion engines are permanently used #ithin a
ha*ardous area they shall &e protected$ Petrol driven engines are not to &e permitted on the #or+site$ See
5$:$: and 0ppendi2 8 for further details$
=lares and 1lare pits
9lare pits and e2tremities of flare lines should &e located at least "0 m from rail#ays) roads) pu&lic
#or+s) processing units or tan+s$ They should &e at least 30 m from a #ell) gas=oil separator) site drainage
or other possi&le source of ignita&le vapours$
<arnin& and other notices
4arning notices stating restrictions applica&le to unauthorised persons) vehicle access) na+ed lights)
smo+ing and other ha*ards should &e prominently displayed$ ?otices should also &e displayed indicating
#here firefighting e3uipment) personal protective e3uipment) &reathing apparatus) and first-aid e3uipment
are stored$ Escape routes shall &e indicated #here appropriate$ 0ll signs and notices shall &e #ritten in
languages understanda&le to all site personnel$ The induction process shall &ring the ha*ards of the site)
and the rules of the site) to the attention of staff$
(( EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
: Preparation
Telecommunications
Telecommunications e3uipment such as telephones) radios and tal+-&ac+ systems located in ha*ardous
areas shall &e suita&le for Gone ! application$ %nstances have occurred #here radios operated in the S'7
ca&in and the Driller's control ca&in have interfered #ith S'7 systems$ 7adios should not &e operated in
these areas unless it is determined that the S'7 system is not affected &y to the electromagnetic radiation
generated &y them$
Draina&e
Drilling sites and camps should have an ade3uate drainage system so that potentially harmful effluents are
contained and can &e carried clear of the site to a point #here they are unli+ely to cause harm$ -eans
shall &e provided to trap any escape of oil &efore it can leave the site$ Drains and &unds should &e si*ed so
that they can contain t#o to three times the ma2imum storm rainfall e2pected over a t#o-hour period) plus
the li3uid inventory they are designed to contain$ Surface drains should &e ade3uately graded and +ept
de&ris free to ensure 3uic+ disposal of their contents$
4aste oil from pumps or other machinery should &e trapped) collected and disposed of properly$
Se$a&e and $aste
0rrangements shall &e made for the provision of septic pits and the proper discharge of se#age$ 4aste
should &e collected and contained in specially supplied #aste s+ips on site or &urnt at the site$ -etallic
#aste should &e collected and disposed of at locations approved &y the local authority$ -ud chemicals
used should &e of lo# potential to2icity and mud disposed of in a responsi&le manner$
E7cavation
E2cavation #or+ shall &e carried out under the permit-to-#or+ system and in such a manner that the
collapse of side #alls is precluded$ -easures shall &e ta+en to prevent persons and livestoc+ from
accidentally falling into an e2cavation$ They should &e properly illuminated at night$
Site access
5nly authorised persons shall &e admitted to a drilling site$ This may need to &e enforced &y enclosing the
#hole or parts of a site$ 5penings in enclosures should &e permitted only under authority) and after
ade3uate steps have &een ta+en to control entry and e2it$ 0pproved personal protective e3uipment shall &e
#orn #hen visiting or #or+ing on a drilling rig or on a #ell servicing hoist$
(.." Road vehicles and mobile plant
5nly protected diesel engines conforming to '7ecommendations for the Protection of Diesel Engines
5perating in ,a*ardous 0reas' .7ef$ !3/ shall &e used #ithin ha*ardous Gones ! and : .see 0ppendi2 %8/$
0ny e2ceptions shall &e strictly controlled through the application of the permit-to-#or+ system$
7oad vehicles shall not &e permitted to enter or operate in a ha*ardous *one) e2cept &y special permits
#hich #ill ta+e into account necessary precautions to ensure no flamma&le vapours #ill &e present during
the duration of the #or+ in the area$
8ehicles should not &e par+ed #ithin the location perimeter$ 0de3uate par+ing facilities #ill need to &e
provided outside the location$ 6efore entering a location) vehicle drivers should report to the site
supervisor for instructions$ 5n location vehicle speeds shall &e limited to #al+ing pace$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 ('
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
(..% Camp sites
%n remote operating areas #here there is no accepta&le local accommodation) it is necessary to provide
camp facilities to house operations staff) cre#s and other contractor personnel$
Provided &elo# are topics directly associated #ith drilling camp construction) layout and operation) #hich
technical ,SE audits highlight as re3uiring particular attention$ 0ccess control at the camp site should
provide immediate information for ne#comers or visitors to inform them(
#here to par+ their vehicles
#here to report their arrival and nature of &usiness
#ho #ill &rief ne#comers=visitors on site rules) ha*ards and emergency response in case of alarm$
The person often designated the a&ove duties is the camp &oss or the medic$
=uel stora&e
9uel storage shall &e segregated a#ay from the general accommodation area and ade3uately mar+ed #ith
ha*ard signs and cautionary notices .e$g$ 'no smo+ing'/$ 9uel tan+s should &e &unded and situated on the
lo# side of the location so that fluid run-off #ill &e directed a#ay$
E7plosives and radioactive sources
E2plosives and radioactive sources) together #ith any other ha*ardous su&stances) shall not &e +ept at the
camp site) &ut in defined and separate areas at the rig site$ This restriction relates to security as #ell as
health and safety aspects of ha*ardous su&stance storage$
<aste disposal pits
4aste disposal pits shall &e situated a minimum of 30 m from the accommodation area so that full
hygiene control can &e e2ercised #ithout ris+ to persons using the camp facilities$
Potable $ater
Pota&le #ater shall &e regularly chec+ed for possi&le contamination and) if stored in tan+s) shall &e
chemically treated to prevent gro#th of potentially harmful organisms$ 4here tests indicate that #ater
supply is unsuita&le for human consumption) &ottled #ater from a relia&le source shall &e provided$
=ood stora&e
9ood storage) handling) preparation and messing facilities shall &e controlled &y regular inspections$ Such
inspections shall &e made at least #ee+ly &y the medic and camp &oss$ The 3uality of these inspections
should &e periodically verified &y contractor management and specialists$ The medic=medical officer shall
&e responsi&le for verification of ade3uate health chec+s for catering staff) particularly those engaged in
food handling$
=ire e7tin&uishers
9ire e2tinguishers shall &e provided for all accommodation units including +itchens) mess room) recreation
rooms) clinic and radio room .if applica&le/$ 9urther fire fighting facilities shall &e provided around fuel
tan+s) vehicle par+ing areas and the camp generator$
(* EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
: Preparation
=ire drills
9ire drills in the camp site shall &e held at least during every cre# #or+ cycle and shall involve all
personnel at the camp site) including su&contractors) visitors and catering personnel$ 7e3uired response to
the general and fire alarm.s/ shall &e +no#n &y all personnel on site$ Drills held in the camp must &e
reported) and deficiencies #hich are noted shall &e corrected$ They should &e co-ordinated #ith muster
drills at the rig site so that the ade3uacy of the system #hich accounts for the #herea&outs of personnel
can &e chec+ed$
Electrical systems
Electrical systems in the camp shall comply #ith a recognised standard$ 0ll lighting) heating and
accommodation po#er circuits shall &e fully protected &y all or a com&ination of the follo#ing(
miniature circuit &rea+er .-'6/) #ith thermal magnetic over-current release
fuses
overload trip s#itches
30 m0 earth lea+age circuit &rea+er .E<'6/
9ull earthing shall &e provided) verified and documented$ 0n earthed system is considered accepta&le for
temporary purposes) if the resistance &et#een ground and any part of the earth system is ma2imum !>0
ohms and the system is protected #ith a 300 m0 residual current operated circuit &rea+er .7''6/$
4ote8 !>0 ohms is derived from 7
e
H% I C #here(
- 7
e
is the earth electrode resistance)
- % is the ma2imum lea+age current .300 m0 as specified in DEP 33$>4$!0$!0 - 0ppendi2 5/
- C is the safe touch voltage .50 80' ma2imum/$
0n earth resistance of much less than !>0 ohms) typically 4 ohms) can usually &e o&tained easily #ith t#o
or more electrodes$ 0ny type of conducting material should prove sufficient for the electrodes) though
copper is preferred$ The opportunity should &e ta+en to place earth electrodes around the camp) especially
in the vicinity of ma1or electrical loads$
Po#er distri&ution ca&les shall &e C8 protected if strung a&ove ground and if &uried shall &e contained in
a mar+ed conduit) other#ise armoured ca&le shall &e used$
%t is recommended that follo#ing the arrival of a camp to a ne# area or venture) a full inspection of the
electrical generation and distri&ution system is carried out &y a specialist) so that ade3uate protection)
earthing and operating standards can &e verified$ 0udits have indicated a high incidence of potentially
dangerous electrical systems in seismic and drilling camps$ This topic therefore deserves particular
attention$
Access around the camp
4al+#ays connecting the mess room.s/ accommodation units #ith a&lution facilities should &e +ept clean)
clear of o&structions and #here possi&le dry$ <ighting around camp facilities shall &e such that the ground
can &e seen clearly at all times during the hours of dar+ness$ Similarly emergency response e3uipment
shall &e +ept in #ell illuminated positions$
-uster areas shall &e clearly indicated and illuminated$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 (.
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
Medical 1acilities
The clinic is the usual &ase for the medic and is normally situated at the camp site$ %n case of emergency
call-out it is essential that ade3uate means of communication e2ist &et#een camp site and rig$
Transportation for the medic shall also &e availa&le :4 hours per day) as shall a vehicle suita&le for
carrying a patient on a stretcher from the rig site to the clinic$ %n remote areas the provision of a helipad
should &e considered$ 4here this is not a via&le proposition) the provision of a doctor and facilities to
sta&ilise and treat patients during the period needed to evacuate) should &e considered$
Security
%n areas #here security ris+s are an identified ha*ard) advice) either from the local authorities or from
;roup security advisers) should &e sought$
(." Preparation #11shore
(.". 3ocation preparation o11shore
%nformation is re3uired a&out meteorological and oceanographic data of the area in #hich drilling #ill
ta+e place to esta&lish the type of rig most suita&le for the economic completion of the drilling
programme$ Seismic surveys provide data concerning #ater depth) sea &ed topography and soil conditions
and in the ma1ority of cases #ill provide sufficient information to indicate the pro&a&le presence or
a&sence of shallo# gas .see 3$5$!) 'Site selection'/$ Such information is considered ade3uate for operations
#ith vessels such as drillships and semi-su&mersi&les$ 6ottom supported rigs .1ac+ ups/ re3uire a more
detailed location investigation #hich may include sea&ed coring and sampling to esta&lish data on leg
penetration and the ade3uacy of the surface strata to support the vessel and avoid punch through$
(."." Structural inte&rity o1 9ac;,ups
Site speci1ic assessment
The ;roup position is descri&ed in the report '-arine Safety of -o&ile 5ffshore Cnits' .7ef$ !4/$ %n
accordance #ith this) it is Shell practice to perform a site specific assessment for each 1ac+-up prior to
contract a#ard and for each location thereafter #here conditions significantly differ$ The primary
o&1ective of the assessment is to ensure a level of structural relia&ility of the 1ac+-up in elevated condition)
#hich is compara&le #ith fi2ed platforms$
The verification of the structural ade3uacy of a 1ac+-up involves three +ey activities(
site specific structural analysis
condition assessment
condition monitoring$
The first t#o activities .structural analysis and condition assessment/ shall &e completed &efore a#ard of
contract and=or prior to mo&ilisation$ 'ondition monitoring should prefera&ly &e the continuation of
contractor's normal practice) &ut shall commence at least at mo&ilisation and should continue until
completion of the operations$
(/ EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
: Preparation
Site speci1ic structural analysis
The site specific structural analysis aims to chec+ that the 1ac+-up theoretical strength) &ased on
assumptions regarding the condition of the 1ac+-up structure) conforms to S%EP criteria$ The S%EP
practice for site specific structural analysis of 1ac+-ups is descri&ed in the document 'Practice for the Site
Specific 0ssessment of ac+-up Cnits' .7ef$ !5/ and in a similar report #hich has &een made availa&le to
drilling contractors$ The practice provides guidance on the recommended analysis procedures and
acceptance criteria$ %t addresses the +ey failure modes of a 1ac+-up in elevated condition such as
overturning sta&ility) structural failure .leg strength) pinion=rac+ choc+ overload/ and foundation failure$
The site specific analysis may &e carried out in-house or &y a consultant) &ut shall &e carried out in
accordance #ith the a&ove referenced document$ 7e3uired data include 1ac+-up structural data .usually
o&tained from the drilling contractor during tendering/ and site specific data including #ater depth) 50-
year return period storm #ind) #ave and current) sea&ed) and soils data$ Some of the same information
#ill also &e used to assess overall safety conditions such as sea&ed ha*ards .e$g$ old footprints) pipelines)
etc/) drilling ha*ards) or presence of shallo# gas$
Condition assessment and monitorin&
The condition assessment is to validate the analysis results &y confirming that the actual condition of the
1ac+-up structure is in line #ith the assumptions made in the site specific structural analysis$ %f significant
differences should &e detected then a re-analysis may &e re3uired$ 'ondition monitoring aims to provide
early #arning of any significant reduction in the 1ac+-ups structural integrity during the operations #ith
the 1ac+-up$ -onitoring may &e of special importance if the 1ac+-up #ill &e used for a long periodJ
typically more than one year) &e it on one or more than one location$
The engineering re3uirements and scope of #or+ for 1ac+-up condition assessment and condition
monitoring are summarised in the document 'ac+-up Structure 'ondition 0ssessment and 'ondition
-onitoring' .7ef$ !>/ This information has also &een pu&lished in !""! as SPE=%0D' paper num&er
:!"@" 'S%EP Practice for Site Specific Structural 9itness for Purpose 0ssessment of ac+-up 7igs' .7ef$
!@/ and therefore is availa&le to drilling contractors$ %n general terms condition assessment .and
su&se3uent condition monitoring/ should address certification) general condition of the structure) the
condition of leg-hull interface) leg spud can connection and aspects of the spud can foundation$
'onfirmation is needed that there is no structural damage) that topside #eight is in accordance #ith
operations manual and that level of corrosion and marine gro#th do not e2ceed prescri&ed limits$ Signs of
deterioration) such as ma1or mechanical damage .from accidentsJ local overload/) e2isting fatigue crac+s
and severe corrosion are relevant and shall &e recorded for future reference$ %t is noted that significant
deterioration of components #hich are not essential for the ultimate strength of the 1ac+-up may not &e of
importance #hen deciding if a 1ac+-up structure is accepta&le$
E2isting inspection=maintenance records held &y the drilling contractor should &e the primary source of
information$ 0dditional data may &e o&tained from a general visual inspection) #hich is usually carried
out in con1unction #ith the drilling) marine) aviation and ,SE audits$ %n some cases) there may &e a
re3uirement for an additional detailed inspection &y a third party consultant$
These inspection=monitoring activities should &e carried out &y the contractor and verified &y Shell$ %t
should &e recognised that the contractor is responsi&le for maintaining his unit at a minimum accepta&le
level as specified in the contract and as re3uired to remain in class$ 'ondition monitoring &y Shell may
inadvertently ta+e on the assumption of lia&ilities assigned to the contractor in the contract and should &e
avoided$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 (+
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
!ndustry &uideline and recommended practice
0 1oint industry pro1ect to develop an industry practice for the site specific assessment of 1ac+-ups is
nearing completion$ The #or+ is carried out &y the %ndustry 4or+ ;roup #ith representatives from the
complete spectrum of the offshore industry$ S%EP .EPD=5!/ are representing Shell on this 4or+ ;roup$
The industry practice #ill consist of t#o documents) i$e$ ;uideline and 7ecommended Practice$
The guideline titled 'Society of ?aval 0rchitects and -arine Engineers .S?0-E/ Technical and 7esearch
6ulletin 5-5' .7ef$ !F/ descri&es the philosophy for site specific assessment of 1ac+-ups and is in complete
agreement #ith ;roup practice$ 'urrently the 1oint industry pro1ect is finalising the recommended practice
#hich #ill contain the detailed engineering procedures and acceptance criteria$ %t is scheduled that this
document #ill &e pu&lished in -ay !""4$
(.".% Precontract assessment o1 semi,submersibles and drill ships
The S%EP position on the su&1ect is descri&ed in '-arine Safety of -o&ile 5ffshore Cnits' .7ef$ !4/ and
covers &oth semi-su&mersi&les and drill ships$ %n accordance #ith this document) +ey features of the
vessel should &e assessed prior to contract to ensure that it has an ade3uate level of structural relia&ility to
carry out the intended function at the selected location$
The follo#ing aspects are important to the structural relia&ility of semi-su&mersi&les and drill ships(
Stability and reserve buoyancy
The vessel shall have ade3uate sta&ility and reserve &uoyancy to remain afloat and upright #ith its
re3uired payload in the anticipated environmental conditions) even after sustaining a certain amount of
damage$ %t should &e noted in this respect that damage sta&ility re3uirements have &ecome more stringent
over time in response to accidents &ut older vessels are rarely forced to comply$ The fact that a vessel is
classified does not mean it meets the latest criteria$ The sta&ility characteristics of a vessel should &e
assessed in relation to the ma2imum intended loading condition$
Structural stren&th
-ost modern vessels are designed for #orld service and so are designed #ith ade3uate strength$ ,o#ever)
some older semi-su&mersi&les may only &e suita&le for mild environments$ Degradation of design strength
through corrosion) damage or fatigue crac+ing is the main structural threat to all semi-su&mersi&les and
drill ships and re3uires assessment$
Station ;eepin&
The station +eeping performance of a vessel) &y dynamic positioning or more usually an anchoring
system) depends on the environmental conditions) the #ater depth and the soil conditions at the selected
location$ This should &e assessed on a site specific &asis although this need not &e on a per #ell &asis if
the conditions over the #hole area of a drilling campaign are considered together$ 0nalysis of the
anchoring pattern and assessment of the condition of the anchoring e3uipment are &oth re3uired$ The
re3uirements for mooring of mo&ile units are given in the document '-ooring Standards for -o&ile Cnits'
.7ef$ !"/$
:allast control system
The &allast control system is vital to the safe operation of semi-su&mersi&les$ Significant improvements
have &een made in systems of modern vessels &ut not all older vessels have &een made to comply #ith
'- EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
: Preparation
these more stringent re3uirements$ 6allast systems designed to the latest code re3uirements shall &e
stipulated in all ne# contracts$
-ost semi-su&mersi&les and drill ships are classified #ith one of the ma1or classification societies and) in
con1unction #ith the vessel o#ner) they monitor the condition of the vessel in respect of the aspects
mentioned a&ove$ These inspection=maintenance=repair records should &e the primary source of
information in assessing a vessel and shall &e made availa&le for inspection &y Shell$
0dditional data can &e o&tained from a general visual inspection) #hich may &e carried out in con1unction
#ith the drilling) marine) aviation and ,SE inspections) &y an appropriate specialist$ %n some
circumstances) for e2ample if the vessel is old or the e2isting records are of a poor 3uality) there may &e a
need for a further more detailed inspection$
The onus to provide a site specific anchoring analysis sho#ing compliance #ith current codes) together
#ith evidence of satisfactory sta&ility characteristics) should &e placed on the drilling contractor in
consultation #ith the relevant classification society or certifying authority$ Similarly) inspection)
monitoring and repair activities to maintain the vessel at a safe and satisfactory standard are the
responsi&ility of the contractor and so should &e underta+en &y the contractor in consultation #ith the
classification society$ Shell's primary role should &e one of verification &ut may include independent
inspections$
The classification societies have standards #hich differ in some aspects &et#een themselves and also
change #ith time$ 4hilst there is a movement to#ards harmonisation of standards in the industry) this has
not yet &een achieved$ 'onse3uently S%EP may &e consulted) if re3uired) to advise on appropriate
standards for the integrity assessment of semi-su&mersi&les and drill ships$
0 draft procedures guide for the Safety and %ntegrity 0ssessment of -5DCs is availa&le from S%EP$
(.".( Tender assisted operations
5ffshore tender drilling and #or+over operations are no longer limited to areas #hich are environmentally
&enign) i$e$ minor e2pectation of prolonged periods of severe #eather conditions$ Tender assisted
operations are also used in ?orth Sea type environments al&eit #ith semi su&mersi&le tenders$ ,o#ever)
in all cases #ater depths should &e compati&le #ith feasi&le anchor ca&le length and re3uired anchor
patterns$ Dec+ space and load capacity are limited$ 8essel sta&ility shall remain a controlled operating
parameter$
Emergency response plans in case of severe #eather) platform fire and damage control in the event of a
collision shall &e in place$ 0ll tenders should have emergency anchor release capa&ility #hich can &e
controlled from the 6argemaster's or Toolpusher's office$
6efore commencing operations on a ne# platform the anchor release mechanisms should &e verified as
functioning correctly$ Similarly the remote platform=#ell shutdo#n function shall also &e tested as #ell as
the &ridge=um&ilical release system if used$
The remote 65P control panel on the tender shall &e tested as part of the normal 65P test routine$ 5ther
emergency functions commonly activated from the 6argemaster's or Toolpusher's office are the generator
shutdo#n and the air fans to the generator and mud room areas of the &arge$ These should also &e tested
as part of fire drills$
%t is the responsi&ility of the 5%- to ensure that at all times there are personnel availa&le to launch and
operate the life&oats should the need arise for a general evacuation$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 '
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
(.% Materials Procurement
(.%. Ha5ard data
Prior to the use of any material) particularly mud chemicals and cementing materials) -aterial
Specification Data Sheets shall &e o&tained from the supplier and the product assessed for to2icity and the
re3uirement for any special handling precautions$ The medic shall &e e3uipped to deal #ith in1uries to
personnel arising out of the use of all materials on site$
(.%." !nspection
The re3uirements for inspection of materials and e3uipment to &e procured for an operation should &e
considered prior to ordering and the inspection programme clearly stated on the order$
Shell Kuality and %nspection 7e3uirement .SK0%7/ e2ists for many items of drilling e3uipment and
materials and should &e specified on purchase orders$
5nly genuine spare parts) purchased from original e3uipment manufacturers or their authorised agents)
should &e used for the maintenance or refur&ishment of safety critical e3uipment$
(.%.% Stac;in& and stora&e
%ncorrect stac+ing of tu&ulars and sac+ materials is the cause of many accidents on site$ 'asing rac+
loading) particularly on land sites) shall &e carefully considered to avoid su&sidence and hence insta&ility$
0de3uate strength dunnage and nailed-in choc+s at the end of each ro# are important$
The stac+ing and de-stac+ing of pallets in the correct manner should &e planned and only pallets in good
condition used$ The operation of for+ lift truc+s shall &e restricted to designated personnel #ho have
demonstrated competence$
(.( Transportation o1 Materials and E)uipment
(.(. Road transport
0 significantly high proportion of all accidents in EP operations) including drilling operations) are directly
related to incidents involving vehicles$ To address this pro&lem) a strict 1ourney management system
should &e implemented$ ;uidelines for developing such a system are pu&lished in EP "5-0:>0 <ogistics$
The follo#ing documents are useful references(
'7oad Safety -anagement' .7ef$ :0/
'Seat 6elts' .7ef$ :!/$
7e3uired driving s+ills #ill depend on the local environment and may include considerations such as
desert terrain) dust) ice) fog) #ater crossings) etc$ %t is recommended therefore that prior to commencing
operations) all 'ompany and contractor drivers should attend defensive driving courses addressing local
ha*ards and on-road=off-road driving regulations and techni3ues$ %f su&contractors such as caterers) civil
engineering contractors) etc are utilised) they should also &e included in the training scheme as a
contractual o&ligation$
'" EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
: Preparation
'ompliance #ith 'ompany driving rules shall &e verified &y the contract holder through spot chec+s and
audits$ 'ompliance chec+s should include(
revie# of maintenance practices
o&servation of speed limits
day=night driving limitations
the use of seat &elts for front and rear seats
minimum hard#are re3uirements in place) e$g$ first aid &o2) fire e2tinguisher) roll &ar) etc
radio communication system in good #or+ing order
installation of tachographs to monitor speed) etc
verification of driver 3ualification re3uirements
1ourney monitoring=logging
alarm conditions and emergency response plans$
(.(." Sea transport
The transport of materials and e3uipment &y sea shall &e carried out only &y vessels specifically designed
for the purpose$ Safe unloading operations can only ta+e place if the vessel has &een correctly loaded$
This is the responsi&ility of the -aster$ 7esponsi&ility for material transfer operations rest #ith the 6arge
-aster on the rig and the -aster on the vessel$ 4ith regard to the advisa&ility to conduct such operations
during adverse #eather conditions) the -aster's decision shall &e final #ith respect to the safety of his
vessel and cre#$
(.(.% Air transport
0viation operations are audited and approved &y Shell 0ircraft <imited$ Their advice should &e sought on
3uestions or pro&lems relating to air transport$
The carriage of goods &y air is covered &y air transport regulations and the final decision on #hether any
particular item #ill &e carried rests #ith the helicopter pilot$
(.(.( Ri& movin& on land
0 detailed rig move plan shall &e prepared &y the drilling contractor #hich addresses personnel
re3uirements) e3uipment re3uirements) responsi&ilities and contingency plans$ %n areas #here contractors
do not move their o#n rigs) responsi&ilities=accounta&ilities of 'ompany transport services shall &e
defined prior to moving operations ta+ing place$ 0de3uate provisions shall &e made for(
location=road surveys
rig-moving vehicles
craneage
fuel tan+ers
ha*ardous loads
for+ lifts
personnel vehicles
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 '%
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
repair facilities
supervisory staff
communication
emergency response
escorts$
During rig moves) the drilling contractor should have a senior supervisor at &oth the old and ne# locations
to ensure the safe loading and unloading of vehicles$ These supervisors should &e in radio contact #ith
each other so that information on a#+#ard loads or special handling precautions can &e communicated$
7oad and load safety matters should &e addressed and included in the drilling tender and contract
documents$ Police escorts may &e re3uired for traffic control$ %n populated areas there may &e local rules
and regulations #hich should &e o&served$ 7efer also to EP "5-0:>0 <ogistics and 0ppendi2 %%% '<and
7ig -ove Plan'$
9ollo#ing a rig move) a report should &e made to provide an analysis of +ey aspects of the move$
(.(.' Ri& movin& o11shore
Prior to a rig move all participating parties) i$e$ 'ompany) drilling contractor) surveyors) vessel masters .if
possi&le/ and rig mover .to#master/ shall hold a meeting to discuss and agree on procedures) pro&lems
li+ely to &e encountered) operational matters and responsi&ilities$
0 detailed rig move plan shall &e prepared and should outline such aspects as(
move programme) contingency plan) responsi&ilities
#eather forecast
sea &ed survey
surveying method
rig position on ne# location
anchor pattern and test tension
pennant and chaser com&inations
communications responsi&ilities
selection of anchor handling tugs$
4hen moving on to producing facilities) #ell close-in and production shutdo#n re3uirements shall &e
discussed and agreed &y production and drilling staff$ 8erification prior to move-on shall &e via a
documented handover procedure$
During anchor handling operations) the cre# on the dec+ of the rig and anchor handling vessels shall &e
+ept to a minimum and cre# mem&ers shall &e positioned to minimise the ris+ of in1ury should there &e an
e3uipment failure$ 9ailures of very heavy hoo+s and anchor pennant lines have resulted in fatalities$
,ydraulic release mechanisms .shar+ 1a#s/ should &e used #herever possi&le instead of pelican hoo+s$
0nchors shall &e laid in such a #ay as to avoid any possi&ility of damaging pipelines or any su&sea
e3uipment either during anchoring or su&se3uent operations$
'( EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
: Preparation
9ollo#ing a rig move) a report should &e made to provide an analysis of all aspects of the move) a log of
events including #eather conditions and a list of recommendations on procedures and e3uipment
performance$ The rig mover should note any matter that could lead to a safer and improved method of
#or+$
7efer also to report '5ffshore 7ig -ove and 0nchor ,andling 5perations' .7ef$ ::/ and EP "5-0:>0
<ogistics$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 ''
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
' ED8!PMENT
'. Maintenance
%t is in the interest of safety and the prevention of time loss to ensure that all the e3uipment is properly
maintained$
Spare parts for e3uipment essential for the safe operation of the rig shall &e carried &y the drilling
contractor$ The contractor shall give an underta+ing to use the original e3uipment manufacturer's spare
parts or those from a supplier approved &y the manufacturer$
9ollo#ing commencement of the contract) the effectiveness of the contractor's programme for preventive
maintenance of the rig e3uipment should &e evaluated &y selective verification$ 4hen precontract audits
are performed on rigs .generally &y third party consultants/) the effectiveness of the preventive
maintenance system .P-S/ should &e part of the scope of #or+$ 0ll items of e3uipment in the rig's asset
register shall &e included in the P-S$
'." Ha5ardous Eones
'.". Ha5ardous 5one classi1ication
,a*ardous *one classification is aimed at reducing the ris+ of fire or e2plosion &y +eeping ignition sources
out of areas #here com&usti&le gas release or accumulation of gas is possi&le$ Such areas include the
#ellhead) #ellhead cellar) &ell nipple and mud treatment systems$
8arious systems of ha*ardous area classification e2ist$ The system adopted and recommended &y S%EP is
'0rea 'lassification 'ode for Petroleum %nstallations' .7ef$ :3/$ This %nstitute of Petroleum .%P/ code
should &e ta+en as the &asis for ignition control criteria used in rig selection) e3uipment specification and
ha*ardous *one dimensions$ Some essential elements of the code are presented in 0ppendi2 %8$
0nother system of ha*ardous *one classification is &ased on ''lassification of 0reas for Electrical
%nstallations at Drilling 7igs and Production 9acilities on <and and=or -arine 9i2ed and -o&ile
Platforms' .7ef$ :4/ and is largely applied in areas closely associated #ith the CS0$ %ts main dra#&ac+ is
that the system allo#s potential sources of ignition closer to the #ellhead) &ell nipple and active mud
system$ This system should only &e adopted if it can &e sho#n that conversion to comply #ith the %P code
#ould involve e2penditure not 1ustified &y the ris+ reduction achieved$
'."." #peration o1 diesel en&ines in ha5ardous 5ones
The Shell standard reference used for operating diesel engines in ha*ardous *ones is contained in the
'7ecommendations for the Protection of Diesel Engines 5perating in ,a*ardous 0reas' .7ef$ !3/
pu&lished on &ehalf of the %nstitute of Petroleum$ The recommendations contained in this document #ere
formulated to provide for the protection of diesel engines #hen used in potentially ha*ardous *ones #ithin
the petroleum and petrochemical industries$ Details are provided in 0ppendi2 8$
'* EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
5 E?uip0ent
'.".% Electrical sa1ety in ha5ardous 5ones
There are many different systems of electrical e3uipment classification and certification$ 9or the purpose
of uniformity and standardisation the European .'E?E<E'/) CL .6S%/ and international .%E'/ are used
as the main references for electrical e3uipment specifications for use in ha*ardous *ones$
Electrical e3uipment for use in ha*ardous *ones shall &e selected in accordance #ith the follo#ing criteria(
the type of protection shall &e compati&le #ith the ha*ardous *one classification
the surface temperatures of the apparatus shall &e lo#er than the ignition temperature of the gas and
vapours that #ill &e encountered
the apparatus construction shall &e a&le to #ithstand the environmental conditions$
'.% Personal Protective E)uipment
The selection of Personal Protective E3uipment .PPE/ ta+es account of ris+s to health &ased on
+no#ledge of the ha*ard and assessment of the e2posure #hich can &e) for e2ample(
direct) a pro1ectile or sharp or a&rasive o&1ect
chemical) an irritant) carcinogen or sensitiser
physical) noise) radiation) temperature e2tremes) vi&ration) electrical or light
biological) fungal$
The ha*ard may &e in the form of gas) vapour) mist) dust) fumes) li3uid) solid) high or lo# temperature)
radiation or under pressure$
6ased on the ha*ard and ris+s) consideration is re3uired concerning the degree of protection needed for
special situations$
The follo#ing general rules #ill apply to all rigs(
all persons shall #ear safety headgear) foot#ear and eye protection outside the accommodation
.offshore/ or on the rig site .land/
anyone #or+ing over the side of an offshore rig shall #ear a life vest
anyone #or+ing more than > ft .: m/ a&ove a floor level shall #ear a safety &elt firmly anchored a&ove
them to chec+ a fall$
%n addition special e3uipment such as &reathing apparatus shall &e re3uired for firefighting and in to2ic
atmospheres .e$g$ ,
:
S/$
9ull details for the selection of PPE are contained in 'Personal Protective E3uipment ;uide' .7ef$ :5/$
The re3uirement for the provision of &reathing apparatus for use in atmospheres containing ,
:
S are given
in >$5$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 '.
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
'.( Drillin& E)uipment
'.(. Dra$$or;s sa1ety
0ccidents still occur from guards not &eing replaced after repairs or maintenance of dra##or+s and rotary
ta&le gears$ 0ll necessary guards shall &e replaced after completion of maintenance #or+$
0ll dra##or+s shall &e fitted #ith a secondary &ra+ing device .e$g$ eddy current or hydromatic/$
Dra##or+s fitted #ith an eddy current &ra+e .e$g$ Elmagco/ should have an au2iliary po#ered &ac+-up
supply in the event of a main po#er failure$ 0n emergency stop device shall &e provided for the
dra##or+s) #ithin easy reach of the Driller$ This device shall &e tested regularly$
There shall al#ays &e a sufficient num&er of #raps of hoisting line remaining on the drum to eliminate
any strain &eing transmitted directly to the fastening device$ The minimum #raps for a given dra##or+s is
given in the manufacturer's operating manual$ The installation of a top drive #ill re3uire additional #raps$
Past incidents involving &ra+e handle and &ra+e lin+age failure indicate the need for a rigorous inspection
schedule) including ?DT) of the main dra##or+s &ra+e$
-ain &ra+e failures have also occurred due to the failure of the &ra+e cooling system$ 9itting a flo#
sensor and temperature alarm to the cooling #ater return line is recommended$ 0s a minimum) loss of
cooling #ater pressure should &e indicated &y an audio-visual alarm on the Driller's console$ 0 lo# level
alarm on the cooling #ater tan+ is recommended$
'.(." Pulsation dampeners
Char&in& o1 pulsation dampeners , hi&h pressure dischar&e
Safety precautions peculiar to this 1o&(
a permit-to-#or+ should &e used for this operation
ensure charging gas is nitrogen) if necessary &y using a porta&le analyser
nitrogen &ottles are painted in a distinctive colour scheme that ma+es identification positive$ The &ody
of the &ottle should &e grey #ith the top and shoulders painted &lac+
a pressure regulator shall &e installed on the &ottle
clear vicinity of non-involved personnel &efore charging
follo# the recommended instructions from the pulsation dampener manufacturer$
Char&in& o1 pulsation dampeners , lo$ pressure mud pump suction
Pulsation dampeners on the suction side of mud pumps are rarely used and generally considered
unnecessary #hen a charging pump is incorporated in the system$ %f they are used the follo#ing points
should &e noted(
never use high pressure nitrogen) or any other compressed gas to charge a suction .lo# pressure/
dampener unit$ 0 foot pump is preferred
isolate the pump and mud suction system
use a permit-to-#or+ for this operation
ensure that the lo# pressure mud suction relief valve is set open
'/ EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
5 E?uip0ent
follo# pulsation dampener manufacturer's instructions for charging the dampener unit$
'.(.% Relie1 valves
The high pressure mud pump discharge piping is protected &y means of high pressure relief valves$ The
discharge lines should &e a minimum of 3M diameter) constructed from high pressure pipe and slope
do#n#ards to facilitate drainage$ Scre#ed valves should &e phased out and replaced #ith a flanged type$
'.' Derric;s and Masts
'.'. Erection e)uipment
4inches) gin poles and other erection e3uipment) together #ith #ire ropes) shall &e re-certified on a si2
monthly &asis and visually inspected prior to use$ 0 record shall &e +ept of the inspections$ Ensure that the
loads are #ithin the safe #or+ing load of the slings and other e3uipment in use$
'.'." Derric; and mast inspection
Derric+s and masts shall &e thoroughly inspected after erection and &efore lo#ering to verify that no
mem&ers are distorted and all &olts are tightly in place and e3uipped #ith suita&le loc+ #ashers$ This
inspection should ensure that no mem&er has &een installed in a manner that #ill impair the safety of the
derric+$ Telescoping masts shall &e inspected to verify that all the loc+ing devices are in place &efore
transferring the load from the raising system$ During inspection use should &e made of the '7eport of
8isual 9ield %nspection of Derric+ or -ast and Su&structure' .7ef$ :>/$
'.'.% Derric; loadin&
Eccentric loading of a derric+ should &e avoided$ %f) &ecause of une3ual settling of derric+ corners) the
centre of the #ater ta&le #hen drilling #ith rotary tools) does not line up #ith the centre of the #ell) the
condition should &e corrected &y inserting shims at the lo# corners of the derric+$ 0 cro#n &loc+ shall
never &e shifted off centre to correct for derric+ misalignment unless such movement is small and due care
is ta+en to determine the effect it #ill have in reducing the safe #or+ing load of the derric+$ Eccentric
application of loads reduces the rating of the derric+ and may ultimately result in derric+ failure$
To &alance further derric+ and mast loading) the dead line and fast line should &e on opposing sides$
'.'.( =oundations
The &earing capacity of all soils decreases as the moisture content increases$ Proper drainage should &e
provided and the foundation inspected after heavy rains to ensure that derric+ corners have not settled
une3ually) there&y causing the derric+ to &e out of plum&$ 'ivil engineering advice should al#ays &e
sought and matting or concrete pads #ill generally &e used$
'.'.' Masts
4ritten procedures shall &e provided and enforced &y the contractor #hen raising or lo#ering a mast$ The
type of #eight indicator used shall indicate the correct num&er of lines strung to the &loc+$
<oc+ pins) or other loc+ing devices for holding the upper sections of a telescopic mast in place) shall &e
inspected to ensure that they are seated &efore any additional #or+ on the structure if performed$ 0ny
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 '+
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
alteration to the securing pins or positive loc+ing mechanisms shall &e made only after authorisation &y
the manufacturer and application of change control procedures$
?o other #or+ should &e performed underneath the derric+ #hile it is &eing erected or dismantled) or
under the mast #hile it is &eing raised or lo#ered$ The cellar should &e completely covered during these
operations$ 4ells #ithin the mast radius shall &e closed-in and isolated prior to mast raising or lo#ering
operations$
'.'.* 6uy lines
;uy lines shall &e used to support the mast as recommended &y the manufacturer$ The strength of the guy
lines and au2iliary e3uipment shall &e in accordance #ith the manufacturer's specification$ %f guying
re3uirements are not mentioned in the operating procedures or are not +no#n) the mast should &e guyed
according to 'Specification for Drilling and 4ell Servicing Structures' .7ef$ :@/$ ;uy lines shall never &e
used for aligning the mast$
;uy lines shall never &e removed during operations and shall &e su&1ected to the same inspection
procedures as other #ire rope devices$
'.'.. Escape line and slide
5n each operating rig a derric+man's escape line shall &e provided) #ith one end secured to the derric+ or
mast near the derric+man's platform and the other end anchored at a point one mast length a#ay from the
#ell &ore) in a clear area) #here a derric+man can ma+e a safe landing &y #ay of the line$ .%f possi&le the
line should &e strung-out into the prevailing #ind/$
'.'./ Cro$n protection
Every rig shall have a cro#n-o-matic or other similar emergency stop device to prevent hoisting the
travelling &loc+ against the cro#n &loc+$ %f tim&er &loc+s are used as shoc+ a&sor&ing devices) ensure that
they are secured in such a #ay that impact does not dislodge them$ There e2ists a real ha*ard to the
Driller from the rapid do#n#ard movement of the &ra+e handle #hen the cro#n safety device is activated$
umper &ars to prevent drilling line from 1umping out of the cro#n sheaves shall &e installed so that no
section more than !00 of arc is unprotected$
'.'.+ Deadline anchorC$ei&ht indicator
Deadline anchors for hoisting lines shall &e constructed and installed .&olted=#elded/ such that their
strength e3uals or e2ceeds the #or+ing strength of the hoisting line$ 0void systems #hich rely on &olts in
tension) the system should &e designed such that a &olt failure does not result in the anchor flying$ 7egular
chec+s for crac+s and significant corrosion shall &e made to ascertain proper functioning and structural
integrity of the e3uipment$ Precontract and ma1or inspections shall include detailed inspection of the
anchor assem&ly$
9ailure of the #elding of the drilling deadline anchor has occurred during 1arring operations$ 'ritical
#elds or other securing devices shall &e regularly inspected$
0 #eight indicator shall &e installed on every drilling and #or+over rig and it shall &e maintained such
that it registers an accurate indication of the hoo+ load suspended .#ithin 5 per cent at ma2imum hoo+
load/$ The #eight indicator shall &e chec+ed regularly for cali&ration &y comparing its reading #ith the
*- EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
5 E?uip0ent
calculated drill pipe or tu&ing string #eight$ The load cell gap should &e chec+ed every shift$ 0 closed load
cell #ill not indicate additional loading$
'.'.- Stabbin& board
Prior to running casing or any other 1o& re3uiring the sta&&ing &oard) it shall &e inspected and tested to
ensure safe operation$ The follo#ing points should &e chec+ed or o&served(
a safety harness) attached to a derric+ mem&er a&ove the sta&&er) shall &e #orn on the sta&&ing &oard
at all times
inspect hoisting system
inspect safety stops
chec+ emergency &ra+e system
ensure no loose o&1ects are left on the &oard
never test sta&&ing &oard during other drill floor operations
good communication .visual/ is re3uired at all times &et#een Driller and sta&&er$
The sta&&ing &oard shall &e regarded) for the purpose of inspection and testing) as lifting e3uipment$ %t
shall &e su&1ected to the same rigorous inspection and certification process as other hoisting e3uipment)
#ith particular attention to its man riding function$ Sta&&ing &oards shall have a positive mechanical
loc+ing device in case of hoist failure$ 9riction devices alone are not accepta&le$ Sta&&ing &oards shall &e
included in the rig's preventive maintenance procedures$
'ontrols of the sta&&ing &oard #inch shall &e fail-safe and of the dead-man type of action$
0ny maintenance #or+ done on the sta&&ing &oard shall &e concluded &y a complete system function test
to verify that all controls #or+ correctly$ The function testing should &e done under the permit-to-#or+
system$
Some rigs are e3uipped #ith a so called 'cherry pic+er' #hich is a mechanised pipe handling tool$ This and
other types of mechanised systems shall &e included in the preventive maintenance procedures and &e
additionally su&1ected to pre-1o& safety chec+s$
'.* 3i1tin& E)uipment
'.*. 6eneral
5f all the hard#are su&1ected to inspection during audits) this is the area #here most deficiencies are
found$ 0ll deficiencies are the result of a lac+ of effective control systems$ 6elo# are listed groups of
deficiencies #ith recommended controls$
improperly made slings and lifting devices
corroded loose lifting e3uipment
loose lifting e3uipment damaged &y improper use
unidentified e3uipment
e3uipment not su&1ected to inspection
damaged e3uipment accepted for do#nrated use
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 *
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
improperly stored e3uipment
lac+ of effective preventive maintenance systems$
,oisting of heavy e3uipment) tools and tu&ulars is a ma1or cause of in1uries$ 5nly e2perienced persons
from the rig cre#s should &e authorised to operate hoisting e3uipment$ The use of 'home-made' lifting
gear) unless properly engineered) designed) tested and certified and thereafter regularly inspected) shall &e
prohi&ited$
0ll hoisting e3uipment shall &e ade3uately guarded$ 'omponents used for lifting such as sheaves) hoo+s)
shac+les) #ire slings) etc shall &e mar+ed #ith the safe #or+ing load .S4</$ The safe #or+ing load for a
system of interdependent e3uipment shall refer to the #ea+est component of the system) e$g$ #inches)
#ire) hoo+s) pulleys) etc$
<ifting machinery such as cranes) for+ lift truc+s and gin pole truc+s shall &e appropriately inspected and
certified for hoisting=lifting #ith a clearly displayed S4<$ %t is recommended that the Toolpusher
maintains a list of authorised operators of hoisting machinery$ The 3uality of inspections performed &y
1unior staff should &e verified on a selective &asis &y supervisors$
'.*." !nspection , &eneral
%nspection of drilling lifting e3uipment is &ased in part on 'Specification for Drilling and Production
,oisting E3uipment' .7ef$ :F/$
#ee+ly routine visual inspection in assem&led condition
thorough cleaning and visual inspection in assem&led condition after every rig move or every month)
#hichever comes first
?DT inspection in disassem&led condition of(
A elevators) lin+s) &ails) lugs spider) slips) tongs every si2 months
A Lelly) +elly-coc+) +elly-spinner) and pin and &o2 connections) every !: months
A cro#n &loc+ )travelling &loc+) hoo+ and s#ivel) top drive) heave compensatory and deadline anchor
every t#o years) depending on service conditions
4henever lifting e3uipment has &een su&1ected to high dynamic loading) e$g$ 1arring or #or+ing stuc+
pipe) immediate inspection is re3uired$ This also applies to the derric+ or mast after such operations$
Particular emphasis should &e given to the inspection of top drive e3uipment) in accordance #ith the
manufacturers recommendations$
'.*.% !nspection o1 $ire rope slin&s? hoo;s? shac;les and $inches
Slin&s
Slings should &e tested and tagged on a si2 monthly &asis and mar+ed #ith S4< and inspection date$
They shall &e visually inspected &y a competent mem&er of staff &efore all lifting operations$
Slings shall &e re1ected #hen there is(
severe deformation - #here strands are severely +in+ed or the core is protruding
severe #ear - #ear of high points of the sling caused &y dragging the sling across dec+s contri&utes to
early &ro+en #ires$ 0 sling #hich has #ires #orn to half normal diameter on high points should &e
replaced
*" EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
5 E?uip0ent
termination damage
severe corrosion .&e a#are of the possi&ility of internal corrosion/
no S4< indicated or last inspection date=colour code missing$
Hoo;s and shac;les
'hec+ that the S4< is ade3uate for the lifts
Cse only hoo+s and shac+les mar+ed #ith the S4<
'hec+ shac+le and pin for e2cessive #ear(
A ma+e sure that the pin is free) &ut not loose in the tapped hole$ Secure pins #ith #ire to prevent
them vi&rating free
A threads of the pin should &e undamaged and #ithout apprecia&le #ear
?ever replace the pin of a shac+le #ith a &olt$ Shac+le pins are made of high alloy steel) heat treated
for optimum strength and are a tolerance fit$ 6olts may not &e to the same standard and could fail
'hec+ shac+le and pin for distortion
'hec+ alignment of the pin holesJ the untapped hole should not &e too large$
<inches
'hec+ condition of #ire - loo+ for +in+s) &ro+en #ires) flat spots) visi&le core) etc Ensure that #ire
runs freely in the mast
'hec+ condition of eye - a thim&le should &e used$ 'hec+ condition) spacing and correct installation of
&ulldog clips
'hec+ condition and operation of &ra+e - &ra+e rims and &ands shall &e in good condition and the
lin+age operating freely$ 0void &ands &ecoming contaminated #ith oil or mud or #ater
'hec+ hoo+ and safety catch are in good condition and the s#ivel is operating freely
Perform -P% inspections on #inch pedestals and securing mechanisms .&olts or #elds/ at si2 monthly
intervals
4inches #ith a free #heeling device should not &e used
The safe #or+ing load of the #ire and the #inch securing mechanism shall &e greater than the
ma2imum #inch pull .stall at overload/$
'.*.( Elevators
Cse on the correct si*e and type for the pipe &eing run$ Physically chec+ &y using a 1oint of pipe for the
correct lift profile of the elevators$ %nspect latch) hinge pin and &ody for any defects$ 9or single 1oint
elevators ensure latch has a retaining split pin in good condition and of the correct si*e) securely attached
to the elevator &ody$
'hec+ that shac+les are not #orn and that nuts have retaining pins - see notes on shac+les$ 'hec+ pic+-up
strops for damage and ma+e sure s#ivel is in good condition - see notes on #ire rope slings$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 *%
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
'.*.' Cro$n bloc; and travellin& bloc;
7egularly chec+ the follo#ing points(
that the cro#n &loc+ is securely &olted #ith clamps onto the #ater ta&le) complete #ith shaft end
clamps to prevent the sheaves from rotating loose from their &earings
that 1umper &ars are fitted over the sheaves
that #ooden sleepers are secured to the underside of the cro#n and are undamaged$ The retention
method shall &e such that impact &y the travelling &loc+ does not dislodge them
that there are no loose items at the cro#n &loc+ or travelling &loc+ and the #ater ta&le is clean
that compensatory chain guards on the travelling &loc+ are properly fastened #ith safety straps .if
applica&le/$
'.*.* <ire ropes
Sa1ety 1actor
Safety factor is the ratio &et#een the nominal strength of #ire rope and the calculated load$
9ield operations indicate that the follo#ing safety factors should &e used$
Minimum safety factor
Sand line 3$0
7otary drilling line 3$5
-ast raising and lo#ering line :$5
,oisting services other than rotary drilling 3$0
7otary drilling line #hile running casing :$5
Drilling line #hilst pulling on stuc+ pipe :$5
4hen a #ire rope is operated close to its minimum safety factor) operating personnel should e2ercise care
to minimise shoc+) impact and acceleration or deceleration of loads$
Drillin& line
4hen slipping or cutting the drilling line) the follo#ing points relating to this operation should &e
considered(
the operation should prefera&ly &e carried out #hen the &it is inside the casing) near shoe depth on the
trip in$ This is to ensure that the ma2imum amount of pipe is in the hole) should the #ell start to flo#$
0t this stage the #ell has &een o&served sta&le during most of the trip
slipping the &loc+ line shall never &e carried out during any of the follo#ing conditions(
A drill pipe out of hole on a non-cased #ell
A drill pipe is in open hole
a +elly coc+ in the open position shall &e installed
&efore starting) the drill floor shall &e cleared of all personnel not associated #ith the operation
safety harnesses shall &e #orn &y persons #or+ing on the travelling &loc+
*( EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
5 E?uip0ent
during slipping use the dead line anchor &ra+e$ 4hile cutting the line) the travelling &loc+ shall &e hung
off or other#ise secured
slipping and cutting operations shall al#ays &e supervised &y the Driller on shift$ 'lose inspection &y
the Driller of end clamps on the fast line and dead line anchor clamp e3uipment is mandatory$ There
shall &e no delegation of this tas+ to staff of lesser e2perience and responsi&ility$
The drilling line should &e su&1ected to a systematic slip and cut programme$ 0fter this operation) the
cro#n-o-matic shall &e reset and tested$
The recommended slip=cut procedures are given in the Driller's ,and&oo+ issued &y S%EP Training
Division .,7T,=5/ to all drilling staff$
'.*.. Catlines and catheads
'atheads shall not &e used as #inches as the S4< of the lifting rope cannot &e accurately assessed or
easily controlled$ Derric+-floor mounted air #inches should &e used$
'.*./ Man ridin& $inches
4inches used for the transportation of personnel shall &e e3uipped #ith an automatic fail safe &ra+e and
have non-rotating #ire rope in good condition installed$ 'ertification of the #inch for man riding is
re3uired and the #inch shall &e so mar+ed$
-an riding #inches are used to move personnel to other#ise inaccessi&le places &oth a&ove and &elo# the
rotary ta&le$ 0ny other operation #hich may interfere #ith the movement of the #inch) i$e$ hoisting or
rotating) shall &e discontinued until the operation involving the use of the #inch is completed$
The #inch shall &e under the control of a fully competent mem&er of the cre# instructed on the correct
procedures to &e follo#ed and the safety precautions to &e o&served$
4hen using a &osun's chair) a safety &elt shall &e #orn and attached to the #inch #ire at a level
independent of the chair$ ;ood communication is re3uired at all time$ This may re3uire the use of radios
and the placement of an o&server in a position #here the safety of the operation can &e effectively
monitored$ .e$g$ at the mon+ey &oard level #here the height of the operation effects the 1udgement of the
#inch operator/$ ?on-routine operations shall &e carried out under the permit-to-#or+ system$
7outine operations can &e classified as follo#s(
#or+ in general up to : m .> ft/ a&ove rig floor
#or+ on +elly and s#ivel) #hen set &ac+ in its sca&&ard
installation of circulation head for casing) liners) etc
upper +elly coc+ operation &elo# !: m .40 ft/
operations associated #ith #ireline lu&ricators
0ll other operations are non-routine and #ill re3uire a #or+ permit$
'.. :lo$out Preventers @:#PA
6lo#out prevention e3uipment shall &e installed) tested and operated in line #ith the latest version of the
'Pressure 'ontrol -anual for Drilling and 4or+over 5perations' .7ef$ 5/$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 *'
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
The 65P stac+ in use shall &e pressure tested initially &efore drilling out of the casing shoe and thereafter
#ee+ly$ Should a se3uence of successful tests indicate that greater confidence can &e placed in the stac+
and control e3uipment) then the testing interval can &e e2tended up to a ma2imum of t#o #ee+s$ 4ater)
not mud) shall &e used for testing 65P stac+s$
0ll pipe fittings) valves and unions placed on or connected to &lo#out prevention e3uipment) #ell casings)
casing head housing) drill pipe or tu&ing shall have a #or+ing pressure rating at least e3uivalent to that of
the component to #hich it is fitted$ Drilling or #or+over operations shall not proceed until &lo#out
prevention e3uipment is found to &e servicea&le &y visual inspection and appropriate pressure testing$
Suita&le lifting e3uipment to handle 65Ps is essential$ 6ridge crane) overhead crane or lifting rings #ith
ca&le attachments shall &e properly designed and functional$
4or+ing platforms should &e &uilt around the 65P stac+$ Safety lines) safety nets and #or+ vests shall &e
used as appropriate during 65P handling$
9or any operation it is recommended(
to verify that records of maintenance) &oth scheduled and unscheduled) are +ept in a 65P history file
to ensure that the manufacturer's 65P operating manual is follo#ed and no alterations are made to the
65P e3uipment #ithout #ritten approval from the manufacturer
to ensure that only original manufacturer's spares are used on 65Ps$
'... Recommendations speci1ic to subsea :#Ps
0ll drilling units #ith a su&sea stac+ should have a Su&sea Engineer #ho is responsi&le for maintenance)
etc$ ,e should also &e in possession of a current #ell control certificate$
4hen failure of the 65P e3uipment or its control system is detected) operations shall cease for repairs$
4hen using 758s to assist #ith 65P operation) confirm that the 758 is fully functional &efore the 1o&
starts and that all personnel involved are fully &riefed on 1o& re3uirements$
'..." Shear rams
Shear rams on surface 65P stac+s shall &e a&le to shear the tu&ular section of all drill pipe in use #ith an
operating pressure of :!)000 +Pa .3000 psi/ at e2pected #ell close-in pressure$ %t should &e verified that
installed piston si*es and operating pressures are ade3uate for the forces re3uired$
'...% Hydraulic bolt tensionin& e)uipment
%n the past this e3uipment has caused some serious accidents$ The manufacturer's instruction regarding
safe operation should &e strictly follo#ed$ ?o alteration should &e made to this e3uipment #ithout the
consent of the manufacturer$
'...( Store ;eepin& and spare part control
Store +eepers should organise receipt and use of spare parts on the &asis of 'first in - first out'$ This is
particularly important for ru&&er seals and pac+ers) #here ageing is li+ely to cause material deterioration$
Seals and pac+ers should &e stored under conditions recommended &y the manufacturer$ The use of air
conditioned store rooms for ru&&er goods is recommended$
** EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
5 E?uip0ent
'...' :#P control system
65P control systems shall &e installed) tested and operated according #ith the 'Pressure 'ontrol -anual
for Drilling and 4or+over 5perations' .7ef$ 5/$ %n addition to the instrumentation to indicate the
availa&ility of air pressure and fluid pressure) the follo#ing safety features should &e considered for the
control systems(
a relief valve installed
accumulator lo#-pressure alarm
reservoir lo#-level alarm
air-driven hydraulic fluid charge pumps
electric-driven hydraulic pump to &e connected to the emergency generator
fail safe regulators
manifold pressure is consistent #ith ram closing force re3uirements at anticipated ma2imum surface
pressure .high pressure #ells/
accumulator capacity at elevated manifold pressures still meets re3uirements
fire resistant hydraulic control hoses and control fluid
appropriate location of remote operating panels
redundant functions plugged off
hydraulic control hose are tested to the rated pressure of the unit .i$e$ &y-pass is opened/$
'./ Steel Hoses @Chi;san and Co1le7ipA
'./. Standardisation o1 HP unions
Steel long-s#eep hoses .'hi+sans/ or fle2i&le armoured hoses .'ofle2ip/ are often used for cementing)
fracturing) acidising) testing and for +ill lines$ The '4eco' type hammer unions for connecting these hoses
can &e mismatched particularly the :M and 3M >0:) !00: and !50: series$ To avoid this it has &een
repeatedly recommended to standardise on series !50: .!5)000 psi/ couplings$
'hi+sans and lines used for potential high pressure applications shall &e snu&&ed and anchored$ 'hi+san
hoses shall not &e used for operations #here reciprocation under pressure is re3uired as they are not
designed for this purpose$
0ll such e3uipment of :'' diameter and a&ove) #hich is used for service a&ove !3)F00 +Pa .:000 psi/)
shall have unions of #elded or integral construction .see >$4/$ The use of e3uipment #ith metal to metal
seals is recommended$
'./." Restrictions on use
?ever use a 'hi+san in com&ination #ith any rotating operation$ 'hi+sans shall remain static #hen under
pressure$ The connection of the union to the pipe shall &e of #elded or integral construction$ 9or service
#here reciprocation or rotation is planned) appropriately rated hoses should &e used #ith a s#ivel type
circulating head$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 *.
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
This page intentionally left blank
*/ EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
( )peration%
* #PERAT!#NS
*. Tubulars Handlin&
This paragraph considers the safety of the process of moving tu&ulars on the rig and the operations of
ma+ing up) &rea+ing do#n and tripping a drill string$ The running of casing is also discussed$
Prior to every usage) tu&ulars handling e3uipment should &e cleaned and inspected) generally &y the
0ssistant Driller) to ensure servicea&ility$ 7efer to 5$> for details$
*.. Certi1ication and testin&
0ll lifting e3uipment shall &e certified$ This applies to air #inch lines) chains) hoo+s) s#ivels) shac+les)
elevators) slings) lin+s) single 1oint elevators) slings or s#ivels attached to single 1oint elevators) pulleys)
sheaves) &loc+s) lifting eyes) chain hoists) overhead cranes) etc$
Threaded lifting su&s=plugs=&uttons=caps used for handling drill collars shall &e manufactured from
suita&le material$ %n general) #ill have the same properties as drill collars and conform #ith '7otary
Drilling E3uipment' .7ef$ :"/ They are considered to &e items of lifting gear and shall therefore &e
su&1ected to the same inspection schedule as other items of loose lifting e3uipment$
*.." Ta;in& tubulars on site
The follo#ing points should &e ta+en into account(
chec+ that the pipe rac+ area is clear of o&structions and ready to accept the tu&ulars in the correct
order
ensure that an e2perienced &an+sman is positioned so that the crane operator can see him and the load
at the same time
ta+e care #hen removing &ulldog retaining clips from transit slings( remove the clip #ith the crane
ta+ing the strain then stand clear as the crane rela2es its load) &efore removing transit slings
&e#are of 1oints that have not fallen into line
if using 'Pelican' hoo+s to sort out individual 1oints) ensure that the hoo+s are inserted into the pin and
&o2 end of the same 1oint$ %nserting one hoo+ into the pin of one 1oint and the other hoo+ into the &o2
of another can cause personnel to &e trapped #hen the crane lifts
in the advent of adverse #eather) ensure that rac+ed pipe is ade3uately secured
ensure that any cleaning of &o2 and pin ends #ill not create a ha*ard #hile handling$ Leep footing
clean and secure) and any high pressure cleaning a#ay from the handling cre#
#al+ing on top of tu&ulars should &e discouraged at all times) and for&idden unless the upper ro#s of
pipe are fully cho+ed and secured in position
use tag lines to steer and steady the load
ma+e sure the ma2imum #eight to &e lifted is accurately +no#n
separate ro#s of tu&ulars #ith dunnage$ 7etaining posts shall &e in place offshore and end stops
securely fi2ed in place on land locations$ 6ear in mind the load &earing capacity of the soil #hen
rac+ing pipe at surface locations$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 *+
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
Pipe bundles
0ll &undles shall &e lifted and transported hori*ontally) supported at each end$ <ifting &undles .and=or
suspending them/ from one end only is prohi&ited$ The most #idely used method is #ith a crane and #ire
rope slings on each end of the &undle) secured #ith &ulldog clips$
0n alternative method) #hen an 'outline' is in use &et#een a drilling tender and a 1ac+et) is to suspend the
&undle #ith t#o #ire rope slings and raise or lo#er #ith an air #inch$
4hen using a for+lift truc+) &e a#are of ma2imum load rating to avoid overturning forces &eing applied$
4hen transporting pipe #ith a for+lift) a securing device shall &e used to prevent the pipe rolling off the
for+s$
Drill collars
Drill collars si*e >$:5M and smaller should &e &undled in groups of not more than three$ 0ll other si*es of
drill collar should &e handled &y crane one at a time$
T#o slings should &e used) one at each end and the drill collar.s/ #ill &e lifted hori*ontally$ Tag lines
should &e used to steer and steady the load$
E2treme care needs to &e ta+en in removing the &undling slings to avoid trapping feet or hands
*..% Trans1errin& tubulars to the ri& 1loor
Drill pipe
9or manual handling of singles of drill pipe) use a lifting cap #ith a shac+le installed in the eye or &ail) or
use an appropriate single 1oint elevator under the tool 1oint &o2$
Drill collars
0ll si*es ."$5M= F$:5M= @$:5M= >$:5M= 4$@5M/ can &e pic+ed up &y crane using a t#o-point lifting sling
+eeping 1oints hori*ontal and presenting them to the derric+ floor #here they can &e ta+en over #ith a full
strength elevator) either a centre latch DP elevator #hen a lifting su& is used) or a side door elevator #hen
a lifting plug is used$
7emem&er that the lifting su&=plug should first &e tor3ued-up &efore the drill collar is added to the drilling
assem&ly and su&se3uently the full assem&ly is lifted out of the slips and run in the hole$ This re3uires that
the single should first &e set in the mouse hole for tor3uing up$
Small si*es .>$:5M to 4$@5M/ can also &e pic+ed up using a suita&ly rated air #inch) either attached to a
lifting cap #ith a shac+le) or using an appropriate single 1oint elevator under the shoulder of a lifting
su&=plug=&utton$
Do not use t#o #inches to pic+ up heavy drill collars$ %f one #inch is inadvertently slac+ed off) the rating
of the other may #ell &e e2ceeded$
%n many cases) drill collars are provided #ith elevator recesses at the &o2-end .normally s3uare-
shouldered/$ %n this case) either a full strength or a single 1oint elevator should &e used on these recesses)
&ut ensure that the recess shoulders are indeed s3uare and do not impose loads on the elevator latch$ They
should also &e dimensionally chec+ed periodically to ensure that they have not &ecome #orn &elo# the
diameter at #hich they can &e ade3uately supported &y an elevator$
.- EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
( )peration%
Casin&
9or pic+ing up singles of casing) use a single 1oint elevator$ 9or certain types of casing .e$g$ flush #ash-
over pipe/ it is necessary to use lifting nipples$ 0lternatively casing 1oints can &e presented to the derric+
floor suspended hori*ontally from a crane #ith a t#o-point lifting sling) and then &e ta+en over using
either a single 1oint elevator or a full strength side door casing elevator$
%f 3uic+ release pin protectors are not &eing used) verify that steel pin and &o2 protectors are properly
installed$ %mproperly installed protectors may drop off during transit to the rig floor and fre3uently
&ecome cross threaded and difficult to remove$
Tubin&
Same as casing) though small si*e tu&ing 1oints or e2ternally flush pipe .such as &last 1oints/ can also &e
pic+ed up &y an appropriate single 1oint or full strength elevator under the shoulder of a lifting &utton$
Conductor
'onductor 1oints are normally presented to the derric+ floor #hilst hori*ontally suspended from a crane
#ith a t#o-point lifting sling) and then pic+ed up &y a purpose &uilt full-strength elevator .e$g$ a -0'L
elevator/ either under the shoulder of a coupling) or under pre-installed pad eyes$
Short conductor strings .depending on their #eight/ can &e pic+ed up &y lifting slings suspended from the
travelling &loc+ or hoo+) attached to a pair of pre-installed lifting pad eyes .#elds to &e chec+ed for
crac+s/$
Marine riser
-arine riser 1oints are normally presented to the derric+ floor #hile hori*ontally suspended from a crane
#ith a t#o-point lifting sling) and then pic+ed up &y a full-strength elevator latched around a lifting su&
.or nipple/ #hich is part of the marine riser running tool$ 4hen handling the telescoping 1oint) ensure it is
loc+ed in the closed position$
*..( Ri&&in& up and runnin& casin&
7unning casing safely is very much a team effort$ ,igh levels of a#areness and communication are
essential if the operation is to &e carried out smoothly$
,old a pre-shift safety meeting to ensure that all personnel are a#are of the operation to &e carried out
and of their duties$ Do not compromise on safety$ During the early stages of running) allo# the team to get
into the s#ing of the operation &efore increasing the pace$
Points to &e highlighted at the safety meeting are(
a#areness - &e a#are of #hat is happening around you$ <oo+ out for yourself and other cre# mem&ers
communication - +no# your o#n 1o& and that of others$ %f unsure) as+$ Do not let dangerous situations
develop) tell the Driller immediately
do not &loc+ the Driller's vie# - the Driller must &e a&le to see everything that is happening on the drill
floor and in particular the 1oint in the 8-door
&e careful #here you stand - do not allo# yourself to &e trapped and crushed if the 1oint s#ings free$
Select a position that allo#s an escape route
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 .
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
familiarise cre#s #ith the operation of any ne# tools$
Preparation
Ensure there is an ade3uate #eather #indo# to complete the 1o&$
Ensure that slings and shac+les are compati&le and of a similar rating$
Secure shac+le pins #ith #ire$
?ever use a transit strop for any purpose other than securing the load in transit$
4hen rigged up) ta+e the time to dou&le chec+ lifting e3uipment$ %f in dou&t) as+$
*..' Ma;in& up or layin& do$n tubulars? e.&. drill collars
The cre# should &e &riefed on all aspects of the 1o&) i$e$ the intended method) the lifting e3uipment to &e
used and the duties of the individual cre# mem&ers$
6elo# are listed some &asic safety points to &ear in mind #hen carrying out this operation$
'hec+ the S4< of each sling$ The S4< shall never &e e2ceeded$ The appro2imate #eight of various si*es
of drill collars .D's/ are given &elo# for guidance$
!i(e 2eight for 9 &oint /: m or ;< ft0
>$:5M !$:5 tons
F$:5M :$5 tons
"$5M 3$5 tons
0llo# for the angle of the #ire #hen estimating the load$ ?ote that #hen lifting or laying do#n D's to or
from the end of the cat#al+ using the dec+ #inch and the 8-door #inch) the load on the 8-door #inch
increases &y appro2imately half as much again due to the angle of the #ire$ 0n F$:5M collar #eighing
appro2imately :$5 tons) pulled to the end of the cat#al+ and suspended 1ust a&ove the cat#al+ #ill &e
e2erting a load of appro2imately 3$@5 tons on the 8-door #inch #ire$
<ifting caps shall &e in good condition and hammered up tight$ <ifting lugs on handling su&s are for lifting
the su&s themselves and not for lifting tu&ulars$
%f the use of t#o #inches or a crane #ith a #inch cannot &e avoided) clear communications &et#een all
parties involved is essential$
Do not stand on the cat#al+ or the 8-door stairs #hen tu&ulars are moving up or going do#n from the
drill floor$ Do not allo# yourself to &e trapped if the pipe &rea+s freeJ al#ays have an escape route$
4hen using the #inch ensure the #inch #ire is spooled onto the drum properly$ This #ill prevent the #ire
from &eing crushed and avoid shoc+ loads #hen improperly spooled #ire 1umps free$
*..* Elevators and slips
The elevator is a ma1or cause of in1uries on drilling rigs$ They can &e generally classified as follo#s(
caught &et#een elevator and pipe
." EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
( )peration%
caught in the closing mechanism
caught &et#een elevator and other o&1ect
overstrain$
Elevators should &e maintained in accordance #ith 'Specification for Drilling and Production ,oisting
E3uipment .7ef$ :F/ and ',oisting Tool %nspection and -aintenance Procedures' .7ef$ 30/$ <atches) latch
springs) hinge pins and elevator shoulder should &e inspected &efore use$
arring #ith the elevator is potentially dangerous$ arring should &e carried out using the +elly$ %f possi&le)
after removing the +elly spinner$
9ollo#ing any prolonged 1arring operation) an inspection of the hoisting e3uipment shall &e carried out$
-anufacturers of top drive systems have documented procedures governing such inspections$
Cse the correct si*e and type of elevator for the items &eing handled$
9or drill pipe use only drill pipe elevators
9or pic+ing up casing and tu&ing use single 1oint casing=tu&ing elevators$ ?ever lo#er the first or
su&se3uent 1oints in the hole #ith a single 1oint elevator$
*... Drill 1loor operations
Ton&s
0 high proportion of accidents on the drill floor involve the use of tongs$ %n1uries result from &eing caught
&et#een tongs and &eing struc+ &y s#inging tongs$ 0ll tongs should &e securely attached and anchored$
Tong safety lines should &e of sufficient length) prefera&ly allo#ing a "0N &rea+out angle &et#een the
lines) &ut short enough to prevent over rotation of the tongs$
The tong 1a#s including the dies should &e inspected regularly for si*e and condition$ Tongs shall &e
maintained and replaced #ell &efore they &ecome #orn to the point of &eing unsafe$ ,inge pins should &e
secured &y a nut #hich should itself &e loc+ed in place &y a device such as a split pin$
0ll tong counter &alances and parts thereof shall &e so restrained) guarded) or located as to prevent them
falling or stri+ing cre# mem&ers if the suspension line &rea+s$ 7emem&er that suspension lines are
classified as lifting devices and should &e inspected) certified and colour coded in the same manner as
slings$ Their history should &e recorded in the sling register$
4hile changing tong=slip dies ensure that(
goggles are #orn as hammer &lo#s can cause splinters to develop
gloves are used
#or+ing area is clear and unaffected &y other operations in progress$
6ac+-up post failure has potentially serious conse3uences$ 0 systematic approach to &ac+-up post
inspection and planned preventive maintenance is re3uired #hich includes -P% inspections on a si2
monthly &asis$ They should also &e included in the #ee+ly=monthly drilling e3uipment inspection chec+
list$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 .%
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
Trippin&
Ensure that the cre# is up to strength and individuals are a#are of tas+s to &e carried out$ 0
communication system should &e operational &et#een rig floor and mon+ey &oard$ ?ote the follo#ing(
&efore starting a trip) ensure that the e3uipment re3uired is in a servicea&le condition
avoid using the rotary ta&le to spin out pipes$ Cse a pipe spinner
never ma+e up a connection #ith rotary ta&le #hile using a tong as &ac+-up) the shoc+ loading could
result in &rea+ing of the &ac+-up #ire
never attempt to sta& a single into the mouse hole #hen the Driller is lo#ering the travelling &loc+
ensure the cro#n safety device is correctly installed and ad1usted at the start of each tour and follo#ing
drilling line slipping or cutting operations
monitoring of mud levels) flo# chec+s and use of the trip tan+ should &e part of the routine tripping
procedures in and out of the hole
do not install #ipers until) the Driller is satisfied #ith the hole condition$ they act as o&structions to the
visual chec+ing of mud levels
#hile pipes are &eing moved from or to the rig floor the cat#al+ should &e +ept free of personnel
#hen hole conditions allo#) pump a heavy pill to avoid pulling '#et' pipe$
Ma;e,up and brea;,out o1 assemblies
Drill collars and other assem&ly components should &e made-up at lo# speed$ 'hain tongs can &e used for
initial ma+e-up) though hydraulic tongs or an iron roughnec+ should &e considered to improve rig floor
safety$ Po#er tongs .hydraulic or air/ should &e e3uipped #ith a safety relief valve #ith a pressure setting
not higher than the manufacturer's specification$
Spinning chain shall never &e used$
-a+e-up tor3ue values should &e chec+ed in the Driller's ,and&oo+ to ensure that only the correct tor3ue
loading is applied) ta+ing into account the correct friction factor$ The ma+e-up sensators shall &e
maintained in good #or+ing order and final tor3ue should &e applied #ith a "0
0
angle &et#een the tong
arm and the ma+e-up line$
're# mem&ers shall never stand &ehind tongs #hen assem&lies or tu&ulars are made up or &ro+en out$
5nce the strain is ta+en on the tongs #hen ma+ing or &rea+ing a connection) the clutch shall not &e
engaged fully until the floor cre# are at a safe distance from the tongs$
<or;in& tor)ue in a strin&
Particular care should al#ays &e ta+en #hen applying tor3ue or releasing it from the string$ Leep the
forces involved fully under control and +eep the cre# out of the potentially dangerous area$
During &ac+-off operations) slips are often used to transmit the re3uired &ac+-off tor3ue$ %t is mandatory
that slips are properly secured #ith a #ire sling to prevent them from &eing thro#n out of the rotary if the
drill string 1umps during this operation$
Cse the +elly or top drive #henever possi&le$ 4here height a&ove the tool 1oint prevents the operation of
the +elly through the rotary ta&le) consider an initial &lind &ac+-off such that the +elly or top drive can &e
installed prior to attempting further releasing operations$ 'onsider severing drill collars .at the stress
relieving recess in the pin/ as an alternative to &ac+ing them off$
.( EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
( )peration%
*." Handlin& o1 Chemicals and 6as Cylinders
*.". Handlin& o1 harm1ul chemicals
Personnel re3uired to handle or use ha*ardous chemicals shall &e instructed regarding their safe handling)
use and disposal$ Personnel shall &e made a#are of the potential ha*ards and the re3uired protective
e3uipment$ ,a*ardous chemicals shall &e segregated from &enign chemicals) and from each other as
appropriate .e$g$ fire ha*ards/$ The ha*ards should &e indicated &y signs posted on or near them$ 0ttention
shall &e paid to the provision of ade3uate data on chemicals used in mud logging and mud engineering
applications$
0ll ha*ardous su&stances shall &e stored in proper containers and properly la&elled in languages
understood &y all on the rig site$
The rig medic shall hold copies of all -aterial Specification Data Sheets .-SDS/ and the clinic shall &e
e3uipped to neutralise the effects of s+in contamination) s#allo#ing or inhalation of harmful chemicals$
7u&&er gloves) goggles) protective apron or other protective e3uipment shall &e #orn as appropriate #hen
handling chemicals that may irritate) &e in1urious to the s+in) or harmful if ingested$
%n vie# of the similarity of atapulgite salt #ater gel to as&estos) the use of this mud additive is not
permitted$
Solid free or lo# solid completion &rines such as *inc &romide) calcium &romide) calcium chloride) etc
shall &e handled #ith e2treme care and only under supervision) as these chemicals may &urn s+in and
damage eyes$
S+in=&arrier creams shall &e used &y personnel #ho actually come into contact #ith muds and &rines$
Prolonged use of coveralls contaminated #ith oil &ased muds should &e avoided$ Slic+er suits shall &e
used for *inc and calcium &romide &rines) in addition to goggles and gloves$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 .'
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
*."." Storin& and handlin& o1 &as cylinders
;ases most commonly used in drilling operations are(
Table *. =a%e% u%ed in drilling operation%
=as *ottle colour .alve thread
52ygen 6lac+ 7-hand
0cetylene -aroon <-hand
,ydrogen 7ed <-hand
?itrogen ;rey O &lac+ top 7-hand
0ir ;rey 7-hand
4alve outlets
'om&usti&le gas cylinders are scre#ed left-hand .anti-cloc+#ise to close/ and non-com&usti&le gas
cylinders are scre#ed right-hand .cloc+#ise to close/
?ever open a valve more than three revolutions$ 5ne full turn is usually enough$
Transportin& o1 &as cylinders
?ever roll a cylinder$
0l#ays shut the main cylinder valve &efore moving a cylinder on a trolley$
Do not use magnets or chain slings for lifting$ 0 purpose-&uilt &as+et) s+id or container) su&1ected to
lifting e3uipment certification and inspection re3uirements) shall &e used$
Stora&e o1 &as cylinders
'ylinders should ideally &e stored in the open) protected from sun and rain) and &e raised off the
ground$
Store cylinders upright if possi&le) and chained=roped in position$
0l#ays store acetylene and propane upright to avoid the possi&ility of the gas in li3uid form &eing
discharged into the delivery hose$
Set cylinders in rac+s so that every &ottle can &e reached$ 7otate stoc+$ .first in - first out/$
Leep cylinders a#ay from electrical #elding tools and sources of heat$
5ther than cylinders in use) segregate o2ygen from acetylene and other com&usti&le gases &y a
distance of at least @ m$
Do not use compressed gas stores for other products$
Lno# the regulations concerning storage of li3uids and li3uefied petroleum gases in area of operation$
?ever oil or grease any part of cylinders or fittings$ Leep cylinder and valves clean and dry$
.* EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
( )peration%
8sin& &as cylinders
4hen there is any dou&t a&out the 3uality control standards of gas suppliers the contents of &ottles shall
&e chec+ed &efore use$ %t is not un+no#n for com&usti&le gases to &e supplied in &ottles colour coded for
non-com&usti&le gases$
This applies particularly to the use of nitrogen to charge high pressure systems .e$g$ pulsation dampeners/$
Porta&le analysers are availa&le #hich indicate any 52ygen contamination$ 9ailure to verify the purity of
nitrogen has resulted in e2plosion and fatality$ 52ygen shall never &e used to fill) drive or purge any
system$
*.% Crane #perations
*.%. Sa1e operatin& principles
'ranes shall only &e operated &y fully trained personnel #ho are authorised to use the e3uipment
'ranes shall only &e operated #hen safety systems and instrumentation are in good #or+ing order and
not inhi&ited
'rane drivers shall only &e assisted &y personnel #ho have received instruction as &an+smen
The &an+sman shall chec+ the security of loads and the slinging &efore signalling to the crane driver to
commence the lift
5nly the &an+sman is allo#ed to give hand or radio signals to the crane driver
The &an+sman shall al#ays remain in sight of the crane driver and the load
Tag lines shall &e attached to any load &eing moved on a semi-su&mersi&le) drillship and onto or off of
a supply vessel$ Tag lines shall also &e attached to any load over ! tonne #eight and to any long loads
such as &undles of drill pipe or casing$ %t is important to ensure that tag lines do not &ecome caught
Due account shall &e ta+en of #eather conditions &efore ma+ing any lift especially heavy lifts or loads
#ith a large sail area such as steel sheets
'rane operations shall cease and the &oom shall &e laid do#n #hen necessary to prevent o&struction to
helicopters$
*.%." Heavy li1ts
?o specific #eight is given as the threshold for #hat is considered a heavy lift$ %t is more a matter of
considering #hat ha*ards e2ist and the potential conse3uences$
-ovement of the 65P stac+ on a production platform) for e2ample) presents the ha*ard of damage to) and
loss of containment of) #ellhead) flo#lines) pipe#or+ and vessels under pressure$ Similar ha*ards e2ist
#hen raising and lo#ering masts on land$
The ris+ can &e reduced &y closing in the relevant #ells and depressuring the lines and vessels$
The operation of carrying out a heavy lift re3uires a #or+ permit #hich #ill stipulate the appropriate
precautions to &e ta+en$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 ..
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
*.( Pressure Testin&
*.(. 6eneral
0scertain the ma2imum #or+ing pressure rating of the #ea+est section to &e tested) this determines the
ma2imum test pressure #hich can &e applied$ 4here possi&le avoid changes of specification .spec$
&rea+s/ in a connected system$ 4here spec$ &rea+s occur in a closed system) appropriately set pressure
relief devices shall &e incorporated$
Pressure relief or limiting devices on the pump shall &e verified as operational) at the appropriate
pressure &efore the test &egins$
8isually inspect all e3uipment to &e tested prior to testing$
'ordon off #or+ area) post 'D0?;E7' notices .if applica&le/$
0nnounce testing is to ta+e place over the pu&lic address system .if applica&le/$
?ever attempt to tighten) slac+en or hammer any item under pressure$
0ll hose connections shall have a &ac+-up 1ump chain or sling secured across them to restrain the hose
in event of connection failure$
'hi+san runs shall &e avoided #here possi&le and other#ise properly secured$
0ll non-essential personnel shall &e evacuated from the vicinity of e3uipment to &e tested$
The potential energy level of compressed fluids shall &e minimised &y purging air=gases from the
system$ 0lso the volume to &e tested should &e +ept to a practical minimum$
'up-type testers should &e suspended from drilled-out plug-type testers$ %f for any reason the test tool is
suspended on drill pipe) the tensile load applied shall &e #ithin its load rating$
Prior to applying test pressures) ensure that no dummy components .e$g$ thread protectors) corrosion
caps/ are still installed on the e3uipment$
0ll #ellhead connections) valves and fittings su&1ect to pressures a&ove !3)F00 +Pa .:000 psi/ shall &e
flanged) clamped or #elded$ Though scre#ed line pipe is covered &y an 0P% code up to 34)500 +Pa .5000
psi/) past e2perienced of failures due to corrosion) fatigue and other factors) has resulted in the ;roup
recommendation that they should not &e used in applications a&ove !3)F00 +Pa .:000 psi/$
*.' Hydro&en Sulphide @H
"
SA
*.'. 6eneral
During drilling and #or+over operations the conse3uences of lea+s or +ic+s #ith sour gas or crude can &e
very serious$ Personnel can &e incapacitated &y relatively lo# concentrations of ,
:
S in a very short time
and e3uipment can suffer catastrophic failure due to ,
:
S em&rittlement$
0vaila&le literature should &e studied &efore dra#ing up ,
:
S procedures$
7ecommended references are(
';uidelines for Detection and 'ontrol of ,ydrogen Sulphide During Drilling 5perations' .7ef$ 3!/
',ydrogen Sulphide' .7ef$ 3:/
./ EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
( )peration%
'Safe Drilling of 4ells 'ontaining ,ydrogen Sulphide' .7ef$ 33/
''ontingency Plan for Drilling Sour 5il and=or ;as 4ells' .7ef$ 34/
The video 'The Silent Sniper') availa&le through S%EP) provides a po#erful ,
:
S a#areness aid #hen
training personnel$
*.'." Plannin& 1or H
"
S
0 contingency plan shall &e dra#n up #hen ,
:
S may &e e2pected during #ell operations$ The
contingency plan should include(
procedures for the follo#ing conditions) including responsi&ilities and duties of personnel
A pre-alarm condition
A moderate danger to life
A e2treme danger to life$
designation of &riefing areas
evacuation plan
authorities to &e notified in case of emergency) &y #hom and at #hat stage
a list of emergency medical facilities including locations and=or addresses and telephone num&ers$
0 study should &e made of the geological and geographical features of the area) in order to predict the
e2pected areas #here ,
:
S may &e encountered or may accumulate$ %nformation a&out the area and +no#n
field conditions) including temperatures) pressures) proposed #ell depth and ,
:
S concentrations) should
&e o&tained and ta+en into consideration$ The drilling programme shall highlight this ha*ard and give
details of controls and recovery measures in place$
0 mud programme should &e dra#n up #hich #ill cater for the pressures e2pected to &e encountered) &ut
should also include the use of an ,
:
S scavenger and=or inhi&itor to reduce the reaction of ,
:
S on the drill
string and related e3uipment$
%n the pre-spud meeting) the 'ompany Drilling Supervisor should revie# the drilling programme #ith the
drilling contractor and service contractors) outlining each party's responsi&ilities$
0ll personnel shall &e fully trained in the use of ,
:
S-related e3uipment$ Procedures should &e in place
350 m a&ove and=or one #ee+ prior to the anticipated encountering of a hydrogen sulphide *one$
6e a#are that ,
:
S can arise from stagnant mud .sulphate reducing &acteria/ and may &e found in little
used tan+s and in casing annuli$
*.'.% E)uipment
:lo$out preventer @:#PA e)uipment
6lo#out preventer e3uipment selected for ,
:
S #ells) including ancillary items such as the cho+e
manifold) shall &e of chemical composition) heat treatment) hardness and trim #hich complies #ith current
metallurgical specifications defined &y '6lo#out Prevention E3uipment Systems for Drilling 4ells' .7ef$
35/$ Lill and cho+e hoses shall &e of a type suita&le for this +ind of service$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 .+
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
=lan&e? bonnet cover? boltin& and nut material
Each of these intended for ,
:
S use should meet re3uirements prescri&ed in '8alves and 4ellhead
E3uipment' .7ef$ 3>/$
4acuum de&assersCatmospheric mud,&as separator @poor boy separatorA
The vacuum degasser should &e capa&le of effectively removing gases containing ,
:
S from the drilling
fluid$
The vent outlet on the vacuum degasser shall &e e2tended so that the e2tracted gas can &e routed to a
remote area for flaring or connected into the atmospheric mud-gas separator line$ 0 mud-gas separator
used to e2tract gas containing ,
:
S from drilling fluids should &e tied into a vent line for &urning) so as not
to release the gas into the atmosphere close to the rig$ This re3uires that the line terminates a#ay from the
rig and not at the top of the mast$ 8ent lines shall &e si*ed so that the &ac+ pressure they impose upon the
separator vessel does not cause the mud leg to &e evacuated at designed operating conditions$ ?ote that
,
:
S is denser than air and if not flared #ill still pose a ha*ard in lo# lying areas$
E2perience has sho#n that #eighted drilling fluids heavily contaminated #ith ,
:
S cannot &e successfully
treated$ Disposal of such contaminated fluids in suita&le ventilated locations #ith appropriate ha*ard
#arnings is therefore re3uired$
=lare lines
9lare lines should &e installed from the degasser) cho+e manifold) and mud-gas separator according to
'Safe Drilling of 4ells 'ontaining ,ydrogen Sulphide' .7ef$ 33/$ 0ll flare lines should &e e3uipped #ith
the means for constant or automatic ignition$
Drill pipe
<o#er grades of drill pipe) or pipe made from steel #ith anti-corrosive properties) should &e used in order
to minimise hydrogen em&rittlement of sulphide stress crac+ing$ -eans to minimise hydrogen
em&rittlement and sulphide stress crac+ing or drill pipe can also &e found in 'Safe Drilling of 4ells
'ontaining ,ydrogen Sulphide' .7ef$ 33/
*.'.( Monitorin&
Each drilling facility shall have a fi2ed ,
:
S monitoring and detection system that activates audi&le and
visual #arning alarms at a level of !0 ppm ,
:
S in the air$ %t is recommended that this system should have
emergency &attery po#er &ac+-up) capa&le of +eeping the system operational for !: hours #ithout re-
charging$
,:S detection heads re3uire regular cali&ration to retain their accuracy$ The e3uipment manufacturers
instructions should &e +no#n and follo#ed$ 'ali&ration chec+s shall &e logged$
=i7ed H
"
S monitorin& systems
9i2ed systems shall have a central readout panel located in an area #here it #ill &e constantly monitored$
7e3uired locations for sensor heads(
&ell nipple and=or diverter opening
/- EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
( )peration%
Driller's console
mud tan+s
shale sha+er
ventilation system of living 3uarters
#ellhead cellar
Suggested additional locations offshore(
lo#er hull pump or &allast room entered &y hatch#ays located on main dec+
mud pump room
&arge engine room
poorly ventilated areas #here personnel #or+$
Portable &as detection instruments
9re3uent inspections of all poorly ventilated areas should &e made #ith a porta&le gas detection
instrument$ This instrument should &e capa&le of reading a minimum of !0 ppm of ,
:
S$
Detection devices should &e availa&le for use &y all personnel on site$ Such devices shall &e regularly
chec+ed and cali&rated to provide a clear audi&le alarm at a level of !0 ppm in air$
0t least one porta&le instrument should &e availa&le for the detection of S5
:
$
9or e3uipment selection) refer to ';uidelines for Detection and 'ontrol of ,ydrogen Sulphide During
Drilling 5perations' .7ef$ 3!/$
*.'.' Alarm systems @H
"
S detectionA
%n order for rig personnel to act once ,
:
S is encountered) #arning devices shall &e present at various
stations on the drilling rig$ The meaning of each #arning signal shall &e made +no#n to all personnel on
or around the #or+ location$
The audi&le #arning should &e a yelping-type electronic siren) in order to esta&lish a universal ,
:
S
#arning system) and &e connected to the fi2ed ,
:
S sensing system$
0m&er #arning lights should &e of a rotating or flashing type$ 0ll #arning devices located in ha*ardous
*ones shall &e appropriately rated$
6ecause of potential language &arriers and the possi&ility of misunderstanding &y drilling cre# personnel)
everyone shall &e trained and conditioned to react to the audi&le and visual alarm system$ Personnel
designated as 'essential' should move to assigned stations or 1o& functions after having put on their
&reathing apparatus$ ?on-essential personnel shall) at the first #arning) move to the pre-designated
&riefing areas after having put on their &reathing apparatus$
4arning lights on offshore rigs=platforms should &e shielded from the out&oard vie# so as not to &e
confused #ith navigational aids and lights$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 /
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
<ocation of ,
:
S #arning alarms) audi&le and visual(
Driller's console .audi&le and light/
engine room .audi&le and light/
mud room .audi&le/
living 3uarters .audi&le at each level/
central area of each structural level .audi&le and light/
control room$
*.'.* Personal protective e)uipment
0ll personnel on a drilling location #here ,
:
S is anticipated shall have availa&le to them a certified
&reathing apparatus$ %ndividuals on site #ho are designated as essential personnel) if gas is detected) shall
&e provided #ith an apparatus that supplies air at positive pressure into a full face mas+$ Practicality #ill
normally dictate the installation of a cascade system in these circumstances) as this #ill ensure the
availa&ility of a continuous source of &reatha&le air$ Personnel shall al#ays have access to a porta&le
supply of air) ho#ever) to cater for the eventuality that escape is necessary$
The use of chemical cartridge respirators is prohi&ited for service in ,
:
S environments in drilling
operations$
7efer to ',ydrogen Sulphide' .7ef$ 3:/ for further information$
The storage locations of all protective &reathing apparatus shall &e such that the e3uipment can &e 3uic+ly
donned and is readily availa&le to all personnel on and around the rig$ <ocations for &reathing apparatus
should include(
rig floor
derric+ mon+ey &oards
mud logging unit
shale sha+er unit
pump rooms .mud and cement/
cre# 3uarters
Toolpusher's and 'ompany Drilling Supervisor's office
each designated &riefing area
heliport
stand&y vessels$
*.'.. Additional sa1ety e)uipment
The follo#ing items should &e availa&le on the rig(
chal+&oards and note pads or other communication aids
&ullhorns
resuscitators
/" EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
( )peration%
#ind indicators
&ug &lo#ers
ha*ard #arning signs
first-aid +it
stretcher
&lan+ets
eye#ash station$
*.'./ <ell control
Trippin&
Every effort should &e made to pull a dry drill string$ %f it is necessary to pull the string #et after
penetration of ,
:
S - &earing *ones) increased monitoring of the #or+ing area should &e provided and
protective &reathing apparatus should &e on stand&y and if necessary #orn$
6reathing apparatus should &e #orn &y personnel in the #or+ing area prior to circulating &ottoms-up in
case ,
:
S is indicated in sufficient 3uantities to re3uire the use of &reathing apparatus$
Corin& operations in H
"
S,bearin& 5ones
6reathing apparatus should &e #orn from !0 to :0 stands in advance of retrieving the core &arrel and
especially #hile the cores are &eing removed from the &arrel$ 'ores to &e transported should &e sealed and
mar+ed indicating the presence of ,
:
S$
During the a&ove operations) #arning signs indicating 'D0?;E7 - P5%S5? ;0S' shall &e displayed in
languages understood &y all personnel on the rig$ 5n land rigs) flags at the location entrance gate are to &e
used to indicate that a ha*ardous situation e2ists$
*.'.+ Personnel trainin&
%t is usual for a specialised contractor to &e employed to install &oth a fi2ed .cascade/ system and provide
porta&le &reathing apparatus$ The same contractor) particularly on a land rig #here the drilling contractor
may not have a rig system installed) #ill also provide detection e3uipment$ -aintenance) training and
certification of personnel should &e included in the pac+age$ 4here mud logging services are contracted)
,
:
S detection e3uipment should &e specified in the contract$
4hen drilling in an area #here hydrogen sulphide gas might &e encountered) training specific to the ,
:
S
ha*ard in the area shall &e carried out$ The follo#ing guidelines are recommended for the training of
personnel$
The ,
:
S training programme shall &e developed prior to the commencement of drilling operations and
should include(
a ne# employee=visitor ,
:
S induction training programme to &e presented to all personnel arriving on
site for the first time
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 /%
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
general information and physiological response to ,
:
S and S5
:
e2posure
the use of self contained &reathing apparatus and emergency escape e3uipment
procedures for operating conditions(
A pre-alarm condition
A moderate danger to life
A e2treme danger to life
responsi&ilities and duties of personnel for each operating condition
search and rescue procedures #ith designated staff
&riefing areas) or locations for assem&ly of personnel during e2treme danger condition) should &e
designated$ 0t least t#o &riefing areas shall &e esta&lished on each drilling facility$ 5f these t#o areas)
the one up#ind at any given time is the safe &riefing area
evacuation plan
agencies to &e notified in case of an emergency
a list of medical personnel and facilities) including addresses and telephone num&ers$
*.'.- H
"
S drills
The contractor shall have a comprehensive ,
:
S drill procedure in place #hich shall &e agreed and
practised prior to commencement of operations$
0fter training is completed) drills for ,
:
S emergency conditions shall &e carried out once each #ee+ or
more often if conditions #arrant$ 7ecords #ill &e +ept of drills and personnel that participated$ The
purpose of the drill is to rehearse emergency response procedures and verify that all personnel on site
+no# their duties according to the plan$
*.'. Personnel
Physical e7aminations
0ll employees #ho are to #or+ on a #ell site) #hich may e2pose them to ,
:
S) should receive a physical
e2amination$ This e2amination should address conditions associated #ith respiratory pro&lems and
hypertension$
0ny individual #ith facial hair .&eard/ that could interfere #ith a complete mas+ seal is not permitted to
#or+ in an ,
:
S environment as e3uipment lea+age could prove fatal$
Dentures
Personnel #earing dentures) #hile #or+ing in an ,
:
S atmosphere) should &e advised that they are to &e
#orn at all times #hile they are e2posed to the ha*ard) including rest periods$ Dentures should only &e
removed for cleaning purposes$ %f dentures are removed from the mouth) the face ta+es on a different
configuration) and it is possi&le that &reathing apparatus #ill no longer fit$ This could prove fatal$
/( EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
( )peration%
*.* #ccupational Health and Sa1ety
*.*. House;eepin&
0 high standard of house+eeping is a necessary prere3uisite for any drilling operation$ The accumulation
of ru&&ish should &e prevented as it presents) fire) health and access ha*ards$ The #or+ area shall &e +ept
free of o&structions to allo# free movement of personnel and machinery$
%n particular the rig floor should &e +ept clean of any e3uipment #hich is not in use unless it is re3uired
for safety reasons .e$g$ the inside 65P assem&ly/$
Stair#ays) ladders) ramps) #al+#ays and platforms shall &e +ept free of o&1ects or su&stances #hich may
create a tripping or slipping ha*ard or hinder or prevent emergency egress of personnel) or access to
emergency e3uipment$
*.*." Noise control
The ;roup have issued the pu&lications '?oise ;uide' .7ef$ 3@/ and '-anagement ;uidelines for ,earing
'onservation' .7ef$ 3F/$ These contain recommendations for the implementation of a hearing conservation
programme designed to suit the #ide variety of 'ompany activities #orld-#ide$ They provide guidelines
and recommendations concerning protection and preventative measures to avoid permanent hearing loss
from e2posure to noise$
The accepta&le noise dose limit of F5 d6.0/ is applica&le for shift lengths of eight hours=day or more) 40
hours=#ee+) or in case of occasional overtime #or+) provided the e2posure time over one year does not
e2ceed a total of :000 hours$ <ocal legislation may demand a lo#er limit in some areas$
<evels in accommodation used for off-duty activities shall not e2ceed @0 d6.0/$ ,o#ever) this level of
noise can interfere #ith mental concentration and certainly #ith sleep$ %t is therefore recommended that
noise levels in sleeping areas are &elo# 45 d6.0/$
%n practice) control of noise and the re3uirement for hearing protection can only &e effective if a noise map
of the #or+site is prepared #ith all machinery running under normal operational load$ 9rom such a map)
areas of noise over F5 d6.0/ can &e identified$ 0reas less fre3uently used) such as the cementing unit also
need to &e mapped$
5nce identified) high noise levels can &e addressed in three #ays listed in order of preference(
the use of &etter engineered e3uipment
the use of noise reduction techni3ues .sound insulation) mufflers) etc/
the use of hearing protection$
Signs indicating noise ha*ards shall &e posted and appropriate hearing protection e3uipment shall &e
freely availa&le for all personnel #or+ing in the high noise area$
*.*.% ContractorsB occupational health
The follo#ing is guidance from ;roup ,ealth 0dvisers for specifying to contractors the re3uirements of
an occupational health programme$ Details on specifics are availa&le through ,SE=: in The ,ague) often
in the form of Shell Safety and ,ealth 'ommittee .S,'/ documents$ 0 complete list of ,SE documents
availa&le is printed on the inside &ac+ cover of all such documents$
'ontractors should have an occupational health programme in place in accordance #ith legal re3uirements
and Shell 'ompany guidelines$ 'ompanies should ensure that the contractors' occupational health
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 /'
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
programmes are managed in a #ay that is compati&le #ith 'ompany standards &y specifying these
re3uirements in contractual arrangements and &y regular monitoring and auditing the contractors'
performance regarding occupational health$
%n general) contractors should apply the same principles as are contained in Shell's 5ccupational ,ealth
-anagement ;uidelines #ith emphasis &eing given to the follo#ing aspects(
identification of all health ha*ards .covering health ha*ards at #or+) and those associated #ith life
style and the environment
assessment of ris+ to health to determine the need for and type of control measures .e$g$ engineering
controls) #or+ procedures) use of personal protective e3uipment) vaccination programmes and
employee assistance programmes/
planning and implementation of control measures and preparation of in-house guidance on procedures)
practices and programmes
informing) instructing and training of the #or+force
health surveillance
record +eeping
first-aid and medical emergency response procedures$
Specific aspects to &e addressed normally include(
infectious diseases .including tropical diseases/
dermatitis
general hygiene .food storage and preparation) pota&le #ater) sanitary facilities) accommodation/
noise and vi&ration
ionising radiation
ergonomics
lighting
life-style factors .e$g$ use of alcohol and drugs) smo+ing/$
Each drilling contractor should appoint an occupational health focal point #ith the tas+ to co-ordinate the
implementation of the occupational health programme$ 0ppropriate records should &e held in order to &e
a&le to monitor the performance of the occupational health programme and to identify pro&lem areas
re3uiring more attention$ Sufficient resources .e2pert advisers) facilities and &udgets/ shall &e availa&le to
ensure that the implementation of the occupational health programme meets legal and 'ompany standards$
*.. Permit,to,$or;
The permit-to-#or+ is a #ritten document authorising persons to carry out a specific tas+) #arning them
of the possi&le dangers and spelling out precautions needed for the 1o& to &e done safely$ %t ensures that
proper consideration is given to the ris+s and that they are dealt #ith prior to #or+ commencing$ The
o&1ectives are(
to ensure the proper authorisation of non-routine or ha*ardous #or+
to ma+e clear to the person.s/ carrying out the 1o& the ris+s involved and precautions to &e ta+en
to ensure that the person responsi&le for an area of the installation is a#are of all #or+ &eing done
there
/* EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
( )peration%
to provide a record sho#ing that the method of #or+ and the precautions needed have &een chec+ed &y
the appropriate competent person$
EP "5-03!5 ;uidelines on Permit to 4or+ Systems provides recommendations on implementing a permit-
to-#or+ system$
0ll personnel shall have a good understanding of the permit system #hich should define(
the types of #or+ re3uiring permits
documented procedure covering the permit system
clear definition of authority levels for permit issue and authorisation
chec+ing of #or+place conditions &y the competent party
centralised holding and control of live permits
permit close-out system
permit handover mechanism
mechanism for chec+ing effects of changed conditions on permit validity
The permit-to-#or+ is authorised &y the senior person on site after he has assured himself that all
necessary precautions have &een ta+en and that all those #or+ing in the area on other duties are a#are of
the activity$ 4here simultaneous production and drilling operations are ta+ing place the 'ompany Drilling
Supervisor shall &e a signatory to the permit$
Permits shall &e revalidated at the &eginning of each shift$
*./ Environmental Ha5ards
;roup policy is to reduce) and ultimately to eliminate) emissions of su&stances #hich are harmful to the
environment$ The greatest impact drilling operations have on the environment relates to the discharge of
mud and drilled cuttings$ 0s part of the effort to minimise this impact e2tensive research is ongoing to find
via&le alternatives to oil &ased mud systems$
Documents addressing environmental su&1ects include(
'Environmental -anagement ;uidelines' .7ef$ 3"/
'EP Environmental 0ssessment ;uide' .7ef$ 40/
'EPP 4aste -anagement ;uidelines' .7ef$ 4!/
'-a+ing the -ost of Drilling 4aste -anagement' .7ef$ >/
'Environmental 0uditing ;uide' .7ef$ 4:/
*./. Noise
4hen #or+ing in the vicinity of housing or other areas sensitive to noise levels &elo# the threshold #here
hearing damage occurs) e2tra precautions #ill &e necessary to reduce it to levels at #hich it ceases to &e a
significant nuisance$ These levels #ill vary depending on location$
The rig contracting strategy should include an assessment of the planned programme of #or+ #ith respect
to the environmental issues and define such things as noise limitations in the tender documents$ ?oise
maps of rigs &eing &id should &e re3uested$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 /.
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
*./." Environmental auditin&
The 'Environmental 0uditing ;uide' .7ef$ 4:/ sets out the necessary steps for carrying out an
environmental audit) namely(
the preliminary collection of &asic data a&out the site of operations and the operation itself
inspections and intervie#s at the site to e2tend) evaluate and verify information o&tained
formulation of conclusions and recommendations$
*./.% <aste mana&ement
;eneral aspects of #aste management are descri&ed in 'EPP 4aste -anagement ;uidelines' .7ef$ 4!/$
'-a+ing the -ost of Drilling 4aste -anagement' .7ef$ >/ has &een prepared specifically to address
drilling #astes) focusing on &usiness issues associated #ith #aste and the implementation of ne#
techni3ues and technologies in #aste management$
0 structured #aste management strategy is important from a cost standpoint and for environmental
protection$ The elements of such a strategy are(
Reduction of #aste through good operating practices) changes in technology and changes in products
Reuse &y returning the material to the process in its original form
Recycling material for resource recovery or as a &y-product
Recover &y incineration and ma+ing use of the energy developed
Residue is the final resulting #aste material #hich cannot &e managed &y any of the previous four
methods and is either used as landfill) incinerated) diluted or concentrated) or sta&ilised physically)
chemically or &iologically$
The strategy can &e applied to drilling operations to deal more effectively #ith #aste$
The a&ove referenced document .7ef$ >/) #hich contains many recommended practices on drilling #aste
management should &e used &y the 'ompany as a planning tool to develop an effective programme suited
to the operation$
// EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
; A%%ociated Acti$itie%
. ASS#C!ATED ACT!4!T!ES
.. Electric <ireline #perations
... Responsibilities
The senior person on site) generally the drilling contractor Toolpusher on land rigs or 5%- on offshore
rigs) retains overall responsi&ility for all site activities$ ,e shall &e provided #ith an inventory of all
e2plosives and radioactive sources on site) #hich shall &e updated #henever changes ta+e place$
4ith respect to radioactive sources) he shall also &e provided #ith storage details) #hich includes a
diagram indicating the rate of radioactive emissions at the edge of the container and the distances) in all
directions) at #hich the rate of emissions are measured at ! micro-sievert=hr and :$5 micro-sieverts=hr$ See
@$!$!0 for further details$
Throughout #ireline logging activity the Driller on shift remains responsi&le for overall safety on the rig
floor and for maintaining primary pressure control over the #ell$ 'ontinuous monitoring of #ell fluid
gains or losses during logging operations is his prime responsi&ility$
?on-essential e3uipment such as &its) &ottom hole assem&ly components) lifting plugs) etc shall &e cleared
from the drill floor area$ 7otary tongs are to &e secured a#ay from the rotary area and cover plates are to
&e installed over the single hole) rotary &ushings and any other open spaces$ The rig floor is to &e cleaned
of mud) grease or other e2traneous material$
The <ogging Engineer is responsi&le for ensuring that all #ireline operations are performed to the
technical and safety standards laid do#n &y legislation) his employer and the 5perator$ ,e shall inform
the senior person on site and the contract holder of any precautions that need to &e ta+en to assure safe
operations and of any eventuality #hich impacts upon safe operations$
..." Ri&&in& up
4hen the Driller is entirely satisfied that the #ell is sta&le) and that the rig floor is cleared of non-essential
material and e3uipment) the logging contractor can commence rigging up$
%t is essential that there is sufficient lighting availa&le for the logging #inch man to clearly see the drill
floor area$ %n addition a t#o-#ay intercom shall &e installed to ena&le good communication &et#een the
logging #inch operator and the operators on the rig floor$ The intercom shall &e certified suita&le for *one
! ha*ardous area use$
The upper and lo#er sheaves) together #ith other e3uipment suspended in the derric+) shall &e considered
as lifting e3uipment and shall therefore have the safe #or+ing load clearly mar+ed on each item$ 5nly
certified slings) chains and shac+les are to &e used to secure the upper or lo#er pulleys$ %f the upper pulley
is to &e secured on the elevators) ensure that the elevator latch closes properly and that the s#ivel on the
travelling &loc+ is loc+ed$ 0 secondary safety sling should &e used at all times$
The lo#er sheave is attached to a main su&structure mem&er &y chain$ The chain shall &e in visi&ly good
condition) less than three years old and a minimum of 5=FM diameter #ith a S4< of ::)000 l&$
Such chains shall &e tagged to clearly sho# the age and rating of the chain$ The chain eye should &e
secured to the lo#er sheave shac+le &y a single chain #hich is attached to a main mem&er of the rig
su&structure$ %f the fi2ing point is a pad-eye) then it shall have &een #elded &y a coded #elder and
certified free from any defect$ The pad-eye shall also &e load certified and inspected .?DT/ annually$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 /+
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
The lo#er sheave shall &e fitted #ith finger and spo+e protectors$ 4hen the travelling &loc+ has &een
raised to position) ensure the &ra+e is securely chained do#n$ Ensure that the logging #ire does not foul
the derric+$
...% 3o&&in& operations
During logging operations) the num&er of drilling cre# permitted on the rig floor should &e +ept to a
minimum$ ?either <ogging Engineers nor cre# are allo#ed to operate any of the drill floor machinery) nor
should any logging cre# &e on the rig floor #ithout the presence of a drilling contractor representative$ %t
is the Driller's responsi&ility to operate the dra##or+s) fill-up pumps and 65P controls$
The Driller shall monitor the status of the #ell and maintain ade3uate fill-up on the hole at all times$
'rane operations shall not &e conducted over or close to the logging ca&le$
...( Pressure control
The pressure rating of the #ireline lu&ricator shall al#ays &e at least e3ual to the ma2imum anticipated
surface pressure) plus an e2cess to cover such contingencies as s3uee*e +illing or &ullheading$ %t shall &e
tested to this pressure$ %t shall &e of sufficient length to contain the tool length and prefera&ly have a
margin of one lu&ricator section to cover &irds nesting of the ca&le$ 0 guiding principle is that the
possi&ility of a tool string straddling &oth the lu&ricator 65P and the master valves on the 'hristmas tree
shall &e precluded$ 0 tool catcher shall &e fitted immediately a&ove the 65P and verified as functioning
correctly$ %t shall not &e used as a lifting device$
...' Stora&e and $or;in& $ith e7plosives
6eneral
0ll operations involving the use of e2plosives are to &e performed under the permit-to-#or+ system$ Prior
to starting #or+) a safety meeting shall &e held to include as a minimum(
Driller and assistant on shift
Senior Toolpusher=5ffshore %nstallation -anager
<ogging Engineer
4ell Site Drilling Engineer
'ompany Drilling Supervisor
4or+ re3uiring the use of e2plosives shall &e carried out only &y authorised specialist personnel .usually
the <ogging Engineer/$ During the 1o&) personnel #or+ing in pro2imity of the device shall &e +ept to a
minimum$ 0ll other persons are to &e e2cluded from the #or+ing area throughout the operation$
0 register of e2plosives shall &e +ept on site &y &oth the <ogging Engineer and the Person in 'harge
.usually the 5%- offshore and contractor Toolpusher on shore/$
E7plosive stora&e
The local la#s and regulations governing the storage and handling of e2plosives shall &e o&served)
ho#ever in all cases) e2plosives and detonators shall &e transported and stored in separate containers$
+- EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
; A%%ociated Acti$itie%
5n land) &uildings constructed to contain e2plosives shall &e completely separated from living and #or+
areas and #ell separated from other stores containing flamma&le material$ 9or more complete coverage of
this su&1ect refer to EP "5-0:00 Survey 5perations$
#peratin& $ith e7plosives
The general rules #hich shall &e o&served #hen using e2plosives are(
do not smo+e) stri+e matches or use an open flame lighter in the vicinity of e2plosives$ Cse only
electric flashlights
do not leave e2plosives #here they may &e e2posed to flame) heat) spar+ or impact
do not e2pose e2plosives to direct sunlight
do not leave e2plosives #here unauthorised persons can access them
do not handle or store e2plosives in the vicinity of flamma&le products) compressed air &ottles or
#elding e3uipment
do not fight a fire in a &uilding or vehicle containing e2plosives$ Leep #ell clear until the fire is
completely out
&e a#are that in some types of gun pressure can &e trapped internally after firing$ Surface disassem&ly
controls should ta+e this into consideration$
...* Sa1ety procedures in use o1 e7plosives
Electrically activated 1irin& systems
0rming and disarming of guns is to &e carried out &y the <ogging Engineer only$ 0 senior supervisor)
+no#ledgea&le of radio silence procedures and charged #ith their enforcement shall &e on duty at all times
during a perforating operation$
The follo#ing is a guide to the safety precautions #hich should &e ta+en #hen operating #ith electrically
fired perforating guns) charges and other e2plosively activated devices such as pac+ers$
!$ ;uards and #arning signs shall &e placed around the #or+ing area to prevent unauthorised access to
the #or+ area &y personnel and vehicles$
:$ Cnless using a detonating system #hich is impervious to stray electrical currents) guns shall not &e
armed #hile an electrical storm is in the vicinity) or forecast) during perforating operations$
3$ The logging unit is to &e grounded to the rig) the rig grounded to the #ellhead &y grounding straps)
and the source of any 0' or D' voltage) #hich results in stray voltages in e2cess of 0$:58) shall &e
eliminated$ Such sources of voltage include(
A cathodic protection
A electrical #elding
A non-destructive testing
A top drive systems
A static electricity
A radio transmitters including micro#ave transmitters$
4$ 7estrictions applied #hen running e2plosives shall also &e applied during retrieval operations) even
#hen positive indications of firing have &een seen$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 +
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
.... Radio transmissions
During periods of radio silence) radio transmitters shall &e s#itched off and) #here possi&le) isolated$
7adio &eacons are to &e turned off$ Porta&le t#o #ay radios shall &e collected) chec+ed against the
inventory +ept &y the radio operator) and loc+ed a#ay$ 0ll other potential sources of stray electrical
currents such as cathodic protection systems and electric #elding operations shall &e shut do#n$ The
monitoring of radio receivers should continue as normal$
5n land) road signs are to &e placed at a minimum distance of !50 m from the location) to prevent the
access of vehicles possi&ly using mo&ile transmitting e3uipment .e$g$ ta2is/$
%f the presence of large commercial transmitters pose a ha*ard) the <ogging Engineer shall re3uest
computation of a safe field *one prior to underta+ing any #or+ #ith electrically detonated e2plosives$
Emissions from high tension lines either carried &y pylons or &uried can constitute a radio fre3uency .79/
ha*ard$
5ffshore) the control of radio silence shall &e maintained to a distance of not less than 500 m$ 5ffshore
vessels shall therefore &e notified in ade3uate time to stand off from the location$ The stand&y &oat is
re3uired to maintain station at stand-off distance and #arn any approaching shipping of radio silence
re3uirements on the installation$
T#o hours &efore each gun run the 'ompany Drilling Supervisor or 4ellsite Drilling Engineer shall
communicate to the &ase office the estimated time of commencing 'radio silence'$ 0ctual times are to &e
advised &y the installation radio operator$ %n some areas third parties such as the coast guard and the
military authorities may have to &e informed$ The notification procedure should cover this$
,elicopter flight control #ill also re3uire sufficient notice to reschedule=divert flights so that aircraft do
not arrive at the installation during radio silence$ 5ffshore) the co-ordinator for the 'radio silence'
procedure shall &e the 5%-$
The %nstitute of the -a+ers of E2plosives .%-E/ gives recommended minimum distances &et#een 'shot
point' and 'transmitter' as indicated in Ta&le @$!$ The ta&le is modified to give transmitting po#er in #atts$
+" EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
; A%%ociated Acti$itie%
Table .. #eco00ended 0ini0u0 di%tance% *et5een %hot point and tran%0itter
Transmitter power $inimum distance
/20 /m0 /ft0
0-:50 !50 500
:50-!)000 300 !)000
!)000-!0)000 @50 :)500
!0)000-50)000 !)500 5)000
50)000-!00)000 :)300 @)500
.%-E Pu&lication :0 revised -arch !"@!/
0fter isolation of all sources of stray current) the casing-to-rig voltage shall &e o&served &y the <ogging
Engineer in the presence of the Drilling Supervisor or the 4ellsite Drilling Engineer and verified less than
0$:5 8 .D' or 0'/$ %n the event that the o&served voltage e2ceeds 0$:5 8) all sources of electrical supply
may have to &e s#itched off$ This may preclude such operations as perforating during the hours of
dar+ness$
Rela7ation $hen e7plosives are more than .' m belo$ &round or seabed
4hen the e2plosive device is more than @5 m &elo# sea&ed .or ground level/) the potential ha*ard to
personnel is greatly reduced) and rela2ations can &e permitted as follo#s(
i/ To allo# helicopter operations to continue) 8,9 air &and communication &et#een platform and
aircraft may &e esta&lished using either the fi2ed 8,9 air &and transmitter or a porta&le air &and set
from the helidec+$
%n addition) a C,9 communications system may &e used for internal rig operations provided no more
than the &ase station and one hand porta&le are operational at any one time$
ii/ The use of a single) !-#att hand porta&le 8,9 or C,9 set .not less than !0 m from the logging
ca&le/ for communication outside the platform$
iii/ %n an emergency) if a !-#att hand porta&le radio cannot raise the assistance re3uired) use of one fi2ed
8,9 or C,9 transmitter$
%t is emphasised that these rela2ations .i) ii and iii/ are only permitted #hen the e2plosive device is more
than @5 m &elo# ground or sea &ed) and only one may &e applied at any one time$
E2plosive &ac+ing-off operations are not su&1ect to any restrictions once the gun is @5m &elo# ground or
sea &ed since detonation is unli+ely and #ould not result in any damage to personnel or property$
.../ Systems impervious to stray electrical currents
%n order to avoid the necessity for complete radio silence or electrical shutdo#n) ne# methods of
detonation have &een developed$ The systems use the energy released #hen a capacitor) charged to a high
voltage) is discharged through a thin conductor or foil to directly initiate high order detonation of
secondary e2plosives$
The design of these detonators is very similar to conventional detonators e2cept that no primary e2plosive
is used$ These systems re3uire a minimum voltage of !50 to :008 D' at the ca&le head to operate the tool
and to produce the :500 to 30008 D' to #hich the capacitor #ill &e charged$ This compares #ith !08
0' or D' re3uired for standard detonators and !8 for high temperature detonators) #hich do not contain
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 +%
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
internal safety resistors$ Testing of the systems has sho#n them to &e incapa&le of unintentional initiation
even #hen e2posed to po#erful electrical and magnetic fields$
The early relia&ility of these tools is less than that of conventional detonators and there is a su&stantial
additional cost per run$ %t is anticipated that #ith time) the additional costs #ill fall and the relia&ility #ill
improve$ Their use should &e considered #here radio silence is difficult or e2pensive to achieve$
%t should &e stressed that #hen introducing such systems) a high level of a#areness must &e maintained
regarding the precautions re3uired in the use and handling of e2plosives) particularly in areas #here
conventional systems are also used) as operating procedures may &e confused$
...+ Tubin& Conveyed Per1oratin& @TCPA systems
There are several suppliers of T'P systems using a variety of detonating devices$ 6ecause e2plosives are
involved) safety precautions shall remain as detailed under @$!$> and @$!$@ a&ove$
The precautions specified &y the manufacturer shall &e fully understood and stipulated on the permit-to-
#or+$ %n addition) due to the need for close operational co-operation &et#een the T'P contractor) drilling
cre# and rig supervisory staff) a full safety meeting prior to the operation is essential$
8arious methods for firing the detonator of a T'P gun have &een developed to ena&le relia&le firing of
guns in #ells #ith differing geometry) mechanical configuration) and &orehole conditions$ These can &e
grouped into four main types) #hich are(
drop &ar actuated systems) in #hich a metal &ar is dropped from surface and free falls under gravity to
mechanically initiate the firing head
hydraulically fired systems) in #hich fluid pressure is applied from surface to tu&ing or annulus to fire
the gun
electrically actuated systems) in #hich the current is sent from the surface via an electrical ca&le to fire
the gun
electrically actuated systems) in #hich a detonator and shaped charge are lo#ered from surface on
#ireline to fire the gun$
4hen planning a completion #hich includes a T'P gun the follo#ing safety aspects should &e considered(
!$ The firing head should only &e armed #hen the gun is in place &elo# the rotary ta&le$ This often
means a considera&le e2tension a&ove the e2plosive charge and may not &e practica&le$
:$ During assem&ly and arming of the gun all personnel shall &e cleared from the area &eneath the
rotary ta&le) around the riser and 65P stac+$ 4arning signs shall &e posted at all accessi&le dec+
levels to ensure that no personnel approach the #ellhead area$ ?o one is allo#ed to #or+ a&ove drill
floor level$ The a&ove restrictions can &e rela2ed #hen the entire gun is &elo# ground .or sea &ed/
level$
3$ There should &e no possi&ility of the drop &ar hanging up in any of the tu&ulars prior to detonation$
Provision shall al#ays &e made for retrieval of the drop &ar in case of dou&t$
4$ T'P guns shall never &e pulled to surface #ithout first retrieving the detonating device .drop &ar or
&attery pac+/$
5$ %f it is not possi&le to verify that the T'P gun has fired and the firing head cannot &e disarmed &y
retrieval as in 3/) then there shall &e provision for dropping the gun$ 5nly disarmed guns are allo#ed
to &e pulled to surface$
>$ %f the provisions for either dropping the gun or safe disarming of the gun cannot &e met) then proper
consideration should &e given to perforating &y conventional guns$
+( EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
; A%%ociated Acti$itie%
@$ ?ever trust or rely on self-deactivating T'P systems$ They are intended to provide e2tra safety$ 9ull
precautions should &e ta+en if a T'P gun has to &e pulled$
...- Stora&e and use o1 radioactive sources
The storage) transport and use of radioactive source materials used for logging operations is governed &y
local regulations enforced &y appropriate legislation$ The &asic rules to &e applied #hen using ionising
radiation are given in Pu&lications ?os$ :> and >0 of the %nternational 'ommission on 7adiological
Protection .%'7P/$ The ;roup pu&lication '%onising 7adiation Safety ;uide' .7ef$ 43/ uses the
recommendations of the %'7P as the main source of guidance$
%n essence personnel) other than those classified as radiological #or+ers and su&1ected to special
monitoring precautions) shall not &e e2posed to radioactive emissions in e2cess of :$5 micro-sieverts=hr$
6arriers shall &e erected to prevent access to areas #here this rate of emissions is e2ceeded) and the areas
#here the rate of emissions falls &et#een ! and :$5 micro-sieverts=hr shall &e designated as no stay and
mar+ed accordingly$
0ll radioactive logging sources are housed in dedicated carrying shields$ 'arrying shields are to &e clearly
mar+ed #ith the Transport %nde2 .T%/ num&er$ 4here dedicated transport containers are in use) the
transport container shall &e la&elled #ith a T% e3ual to the sum of the source T%s contained therein$
Cpon arrival of radioactive source materials at the rig site) the source materials in their carrying shields
shall &e immediately transferred from the transport container to the logging contractor's source store$ This
tas+ is only to &e done &y specifically authorised personnel) e$g$ the <ogging Engineer on site$
%n the a&sence of such authorised personnel) the transport container shall &e placed in a segregated area
a#ay from personnel and chain &arriers erected at a distance around the container determined &y the
Transport %nde2 .T%/ mar+ed on the e2ternal surface of the transport container$
0llo#ance shall &e made for a possi&le re3uirement for &arriers a&ove and &elo# the container #here
there are #or+ing or living areas in pro2imity to the storage area$
Table .." Approxi0ate *arrier di%tance 3ro0 %ource container
Transport Inde+ !egregated "istance /m0
/TI 6 mrem-hr at 9m0
5#>mv-hr
! :$0
3 3$5
5 4$5
!0 >$3
!5 @$@
:0 F$"
:5 !0$0
?ote( Typical full complement of sources .density) neutron) cali&ration) etc/
The radiation dose rate at the periphery of the segregated area shall &e less than :$5 micro-sieverts per
hour and #here practically possi&le &elo# !$0 micro-sieverts per hour$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 +'
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
;iven the space limitations at offshore locations) the segregated areas may &e difficult to achieve for
transport containers$ 4hen this is the case) an authorised person shall &e availa&le to transfer sources into
a suita&le protected store upon receipt$
0 register of radioactive sources shall &e +ept on the rig to record(
9ull details of all sources on site
Transport record of the source
Destination of dispatched sources$
The register shall &e +ept &y the <ogging Engineer and the most senior person on site$
The <ogging Engineer is responsi&le for the supervision of all #or+ involving ionising radiation$ ,e shall
ensure that e2posure to such radiation is +ept to a level #hich is as lo# as reasona&ly achieva&le$ %n
addition the Engineer #ill chec+ that all logging contractor personnel #or+ing near source materials #ear
&oth gamma and neutron personal dosimeters that are valid for the period of #or+ involving ionising
radiation$ %n any segregated or classified #or+ area) #ith instantaneous dose rates in e2cess of :$5 micro-
sieverts per hour) the <ogging Engineer #ill ensure that only authorised personnel are allo#ed in the area
and then only #ithin the frame#or+ of a #ritten system of #or+ procedures$
'arrying shields are only to &e removed from the designated store area under the direct instruction of the
<ogging Engineer$ The carrying shields shall &e transported to and from the designated store area &y the
shortest possi&le route and the route shall &e +ept a#ay from rig personnel as far as possi&le$ -oving of
source materials is to &e covered &y a permit-to-#or+$
6efore handling any radioactive source the <ogging Engineer shall ensure that all possi&le open floor
areas are securely covered$ %n the #or+ing area the <ogging Engineer shall ensure that ade3uate notices
displaying the trefoil .three-leaf/ sym&ol are in place$ 0ccess points are to &e chained off to esta&lish a
controlled #or+ area$ The controlled #or+ area shall &e defined as #here e2posure of more than :$5
micro-Sieverts per hour e2ists) al&eit temporarily$
The Driller's doghouse is e2empt from the 'controlled #or+ area' status for the reason of maintaining full
surveillance on the #ell$ ,o#ever) during handling of the source &y the <ogging Engineer) the Driller
should +eep #ell clear of the radioactive source - the distance to &e advised &y the <ogging Engineer$
The <ogging Engineer is the only person authorised to remove sources from their carrying shields$ The
Engineer shall endeavour to +eep collimated .directional/ sources pointing a#ay from personnel on the rig$
The transfer of sources &et#een carrying shields and logging tool shall &e completed in the shortest
possi&le time$
... =ishin&
0 logging tool fishing operation is never routine$ %t is essential) therefore) that a pre-1o& safety meeting is
held prior to em&ar+ing on a fishing 1o& so that all involved are fully a#are of the potential ha*ards of the
operation$
The prime o&1ective of a fishing operation is the safe and complete recovery of the do#nhole tool$ ;ood
communication &et#een the 'ompany Drilling Supervisor) 4ell Site Drilling Engineer) Toolpusher)
<ogging Engineer) Driller and #ireline #inch operator is of utmost importance$
5nce a logging tool is stuc+ or lost in the hole decisions concerning fishing operations shall &e agreed &y
the 'ompany) not 1ust the logging company and the drilling contractor$ The logging company provides
advice on ho# the tool might &est &e recovered and should &e a&le to furnish the fishing tools re3uired for
+* EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
; A%%ociated Acti$itie%
the 1o&$ 9or stuc+ tools) the preferred fishing techni3ue is the reverse cut and thread method$ 6rea+ing the
#ea+ point) prior to the logging tool &eing latched into the fishing overshot) shall never &e the method used
for fishing operations involving radioactive sources$
To &rea+ the #ea+ point) the ca&le clamp and travelling &loc+ shall &e used$ ?ever use the logging
contractor's #inch .the upper sheave &ecomes a high stress point and the ca&le is li+ely to &rea+ around
the sheave/$
4hen attempting to fish a tool containing a radioactive source &e it either #ireline run or <4D) it is
important to monitor mud returns to detect any possi&le increase in radioactivity$
Detailed information on radiation safety can &e found in '7adiation Safety -anual for 4ell <ogging
5perations' .7ef$ 44/ as #ell as the previously referenced '%onising 7adiation Safety ;uide' .7ef$ 43/$
.." <ell Testin&
..". 6eneral
0ll e3uipment used in #ell testing shall &e fully certified for the purpose intended$ The document '0rea
'lassification 'ode for Petroleum %nstallations' .7ef$ :3/ shall &e used to define ha*ardous *one
re3uirements$
The appropriate authorities shall &e notified prior to any production testing) especially #here it is
performed near populated areas$ The re3uirement for such notification is often defined &y government
legislation$
0fter perforation) the opening of the #ell to unload the tu&ing contents and the initial flo# through the
separator shall &e carried out in daylight$ Thereafter the production test may continue during hours of
dar+ness$
6urners of the type that minimise oil drop out should &e utilised$
?oise should &e monitored and hearing defenders issued as necessary .see >$>$: for further information/$
The production test .onshore=offshore/ shall only &e commenced under the follo#ing conditions(
all test facilities are fully pressure tested and chec+ed
fire) ,
:
S and a&andon location drills are held
ade3uate #eather #indo# forecast
shipping and aircraft #arned to stand clear during flaring
stand&y &oat advised that this operation is to ta+e place) and the action and precautions necessary until
the operation is completed
verify that the #ellhead and production valve ESD systems function correctly and that emergency
shutdo#n activating &uttons are manned in a safe area throughout the test #hilst flo#ing formation
fluids to surface
chec+ that all 4eco type hammer unions are properly matched and according to agreed standardised
type$
a pre-1o& safety meeting has &een held to discuss the test and ensure all personnel are a#are of their
responsi&ilities and any restrictions imposed$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 +.
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
0ll hot #or+ shall cease during the production test$ 'ranes shall not &e used over or near #irelines)
flo#lines) separators) heater or cho+e manifold$
Personnel not directly involved #ith the operation shall stay #ell clear of production lines$
4hen methanol is used as an agent to prevent=dissolve hydrates) a supply of salt should &e +ept close &y
to spread on any spillage$ This #ill produce a visi&le flame should the methanol &e ignited$
'ooling #ater hoses shall &e laid out on the flare side$ %n the event that the am&ient temperature drops
significantly &elo# *ero) and icing pro&lems are o&served to &e occurring as a result of the cooling spray)
testing operations should &e terminated) possi&ly &eing restarted using &rine as a cooling fluid$
;lycol=#ater mi2ture and lo# free*ing point hydraulic fluids should &e used in all critical lines= systems$
0viation fuel tan+s and all pressurised &ottles shall &e located a#ay from radiant heat and cooled) if
re3uired$
<ines from steam generators shall &e clearly mar+ed and guarded to prevent &urning in1uries$
0 close chec+ shall &e +ept on the casing=tu&ing annulus pressure$ %f this pressure increases it should &e
&led off .noting the volume and type of fluid &led off/ and the annulus pressure chec+ed for the rate of
&uild-up$ %f the annulus pressure cannot &e &led off the #ell shall &e s3uee*e +illed or reverse +illed)
depending on circumstances$
;as e2plosion meters) hydrogen sulphide detectors and sets of &reathing apparatus shall &e availa&le$ ;as
shall &e chec+ed for the presence of hydrogen sulphide$ 'ontingency plans in the event of significant ,
:
S
production shall &e in place$
E3uipment and material to fight oil spills should &e availa&le on site in the areas #here such spills could
give rise to a ha*ardous situation or have detrimental environmental effects$
0fter production testing all lines containing oil shall &e flushed #ith #ater) &rine or mud prior to
disconnecting$
0n independent air supply) not connected to the rig air system) shall &e used to ensure that this system is
not contaminated #ith hydrocar&ons$ Do not interconnect air=oil=gas lines$
7efer to the document ';uidelines for Production Testing of 4ells up to !03)000 +Pa .!5)000 psi/ Csing
Temporary E3uipment' .7ef$ 45/$ for detailed procedures and information$ 8olume > of the Production
,and&oo+ 'Production 5perations' .7ef$ 4>/ also contains useful information$
.."." =racturin&
The e3uipment up to the last #ellhead valve should &e hydraulically tested to a pressure a&ove the
e2pected fracturing pressure$ This pressure shall not e2ceed the safe #or+ing pressure of the #ea+est
component in the system$ 0 chec+ valve or other device shall &e installed in the system to prevent
&ac+flo# should a lea+ in the system occur$
0ll piping) including vent lines) shall &e ade3uately anchored$ They should not transmit hydraulic
vi&rations to the #ellhead$
9irefighting e3uipment shall &e placed at strategic locations and &e easily accessi&le$ 7eceiving vessels for
relief or &leed-off lines from the #ellhead or pumping e3uipment shall have ade3uate venting$
+/ EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
; A%%ociated Acti$itie%
%f crude is to &e used as fracturing li3uid it should &e #eathered for at least :4 hours to eliminate the more
volatile components$
0 pre-1o& safety meeting shall &e held to appraise personnel of their responsi&ilities and any restrictions
that may &e imposed$
..".% Acidisin&
,ydrochloric and other acids used for stimulating production from a #ell are corrosive and rapidly affect
s+in) causing severe &urns$ 6reathing of the fumes shall &e avoided as even small 3uantities can damage
mucous mem&ranes$
Personnel handling acid shall &e e3uipped #ith protective clothing including respirator) goggles) gloves
and &oots$ 0n ade3uate supply of #ater and lime should &e availa&le to neutralise any acid spillage or
contact #ith s+in$
0cid inhi&itors are to2ic$ %t is essential to o&tain full ,SE information &efore e2ecution of any acid 1o&$
<ines from the pumping unit to the #ellhead shall have a non-return valve installed in them as near to the
#ellhead as practica&le$ 0 pressure test of not less than the ma2imum e2pected treating pressure shall &e
made on the discharge lines to the #ellhead$
Personnel not directly involved in the operation shall stay #ell clear of the discharge lines during the
pressure test and acid pumping operations$ Pump operators should remain alert for communications from
the Toolpusher or 'ompany Drilling Supervisor throughout the acidisation$
0ll e3uipment through #hich acid is handled shall &e thoroughly #ashed inside and outside #ith #ater
upon completion of the operation$
0 'hose do#n' team should &e on stand&y properly +itted out to deal #ith any spillage$
0 pre-1o& ,SE meeting shall &e held and the 1o& performed under permit-to-#or+ system controls$
..".( Cryo&enic operations
3i)uid nitro&en
<i3uid nitrogen is ha*ardous &ecause of its lo# temperature .- !"5'/ and &ecause it can displace air in
gas form and cause suffocation$
'ontact of human tissue #ith severe cold #ill destroy tissue in a manner similar to high temperature
&urns$ 9ree*e &urns #ill result from contact #ith the cold surfaces of piping and e3uipment containing
li3uid nitrogen$ Eye damage caused &y li3uid nitrogen is usually permanent$ 4earing full eye protection is
essential$ 0n increasing dimension of ha*ard is added #hen li3uid nitrogen is under pressure$ These facts
emphasise the need for protective clothing and a high standard of safety &y the nitrogen operatives$
The follo#ing protective clothing should &e used(
face shield
insulated gloves
long sleeve shirts
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 ++
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
cuffless trousers .#orn outside &oots/$
0void s+in contact .as li3uid nitrogen causes immediate damage/ from(
li3uid lea+ing from e3uipment
cold e3uipment surface$
0llo#ing li3uid nitrogen to &e spilt on car&on steel or structures is dangerous as car&on steel &ecomes
&rittle at appro2imately -40'$ 4henever such a spillage has occurred the area should &e chec+ed for
crac+s$
3i)uid nitro&en pumpin&
6asic rule( +eep suction pressure as high as possi&le a&ove suction vapour pressure$
6oiling occurs #hen the saturation vapour pressure e3uals the line pressure$ Therefore the line pressure
must &e maintained at as high a level a&ove the saturation pressure as possi&le$
Materials 1or cryo&enic service
-ost construction materials are adversely affected &y e2treme lo# temperatures$ %t is imperative that
components engineered for use in cryogenic service &e chosen from suita&le approved materials) e$g$(
copper and its alloys
stainless steels
aluminium
high nic+el content steels$
Non,cryo&enic materials
These #ill &ecome critically &rittle if su&1ected to e2posure to very lo# temperatures$ They include(
car&on steel
lo# alloy steels
most ru&&ers
most plastics$
<i3uid nitrogen containers shall &e fitted #ith a safety relief valve set at the safe #or+ing pressure .S4P/
of the container) and a &ursting dis+ #hich fails at !$33 times the S4P$ %n addition a manually operated
valve shall &e availa&le to vent the unit if necessary$
3i)uid air ha5ard
0m&ient air condenses on the cold surfaces of li3uid nitrogen piping systems$ 0s the &oiling point of
nitrogen is lo#er than the &oiling point of o2ygen) li3uid air can result in puddles containing
appro2imately 5: per cent o2ygen$ This o2ygen enriched air may cause normally non-com&usti&le
materials to &ecome flamma&le and normally flamma&le material to &urn at an increased rate$ %t is
therefore necessary to ensure that no potentially com&usti&le materials are left around li3uid nitrogen
e3uipment$ Tidy house+eeping is mandatory for a safe operation$
-- EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
; A%%ociated Acti$itie%
#7y&en de1iciency
4hilst using nitrogen) there is al#ays the possi&ility that gaseous nitrogen dilutes the o2ygen around the
area of operation$ 5perators shall &rief all personnel of the potential ha*ards of o2ygen starvation$
Table ..% S10pto0% o3 ox1gen de3icienc1
%ercentage o+ygen at 9 atm !ymptoms of O
5
deficiency
!:-!4 7espiration deeper) pulse faster) co-ordination poor
!0-!: ;iddiness) poor 1udgement) lips &lue
F-!0 ?ausea) vomiting) unconsciousness) ashen face
>-F F min) !00Q dieJ > min) 50Q die and 50Q recover #ith treatment
4-5 minutes) all recover #ith treatment
4 'oma in 40 seconds) convulsions) respiration ceases) death
0 slight o2ygen deficiency results in deeper respiration) faster pulse and poor co-ordination$ 0s o2ygen
deficiency increases) 1udgement deteriorates 3uic+ly) so that the importance of moving to a #ell ventilated
area may not &e understood$
0lso note that one full &reath of pure nitrogen #ill strip &lood of necessary o2ygen resulting in a loss of
consciousness$
..% Coiled Tubin& #perations
The use of coiled tu&ing .'T/ for a #ide range of applications in drilling) completion) #or+over and #ell
treatment operations is esta&lished as an economic means of operating to save rig time or to operate
#ithout a rig in situ$
%t is a rapidly developing area of the &usiness and it is important for users to stay a&reast of changing
methods) techni3ues and controls as technological improvements #iden the scope of applications$
The company providing coiled tu&ing services shall &e fully involved in the planning of operations and
verify that the 'T unit to &e used is suita&le for the application planned and that the operational
procedures provide a level of control that assures the safe conduct of the operation$
0 num&er of ha*ards associated #ith 'T operations have &een identified$ 0ny operations #ith 'T in a
potentially live #ell shall &e treated in the same #ay as any conventional #ell control re3uirement along
#ith its associated 65P e3uipment$
0ny 'T operation #ith other ad1acent #ells producing shall &e treated as a concurrent operation and
su&1ect to concurrent operational restraints and safety precautions$ 'T fishing operations shall &e detailed
in a clear 'T programme specific to the application and site conditions$
Every 'T unit shall maintain and have availa&le for inspection a full '7eel Ctilisation Data Sheet') #hich
includes the follo#ing historic data(
type of #or+ done
depths run
num&er of cycles .tu&ing passed through goosenec+/
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 -
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
#elds$
0ll #elding carried out on 'T shall &e fully documented giving details of su&se3uent R-ray results and
7oc+#ell hardness tests$ 'omplete and detailed procedure are re3uired for 'T #elding$
0 full tool&o2 meeting shall &e held prior to each 'T operation identifying responsi&ilities) channels of
communication and emergency response in case of e3uipment failure or local alarm$ 0ny non-routine
repair #or+ to coiled tu&ing during operations shall &e covered &y a permit-to-#or+) #ith potential
ha*ards identified &efore #or+ starts$ Particular care should &e ta+en #hen #or+ing on systems #here
there is relative movement &et#een the in1ector head and the rig$
The incorporation of a mechanical loc+ing device on the main 'T reel is recommended so that undesira&le
reel movement can &e positively prevented in the event of po#er failure$
During 'T operations) non-essential personnel shall &e +ept #ell clear of the 'T and unit$ %t should &e
pointed out to all personnel #or+ing in the area that 'T can fail causing potential sprays of high pressure
acid if the tu&ing &usts or unpredicta&le #hiplash movement if the tu&ing parts at surface$ This is a
particular ha*ard during fishing operations$
Surface facilities) 65Ps) lines and Rmas tree shall &e tested to at least the ma2imum anticipated operating
pressure prior to commencing operations$
..( Concurrent #perations
..(. 6eneral
'oncurrent operations are defined as the simultaneous e2ecution of t#o or more ris+ activities #hich) due
to their interaction) result in an increased operational comple2ity and enhanced level of ris+$
0ny com&ination of the ris+ activities is considered to increase the pro&a&ility of incurring ris+
conse3uences #hen carried out concurrently$ Such activities #ould include the follo#ing(
production
construction
maintenance
drilling
#or+over
#ell testing
#ell services
diving
heavy lifts
transport operations$
This su&1ect is summarised &elo# &ut prior to any concurrent operations &eing underta+en) reference shall
&e made to the local concurrent operations manual$ 4here no manual e2ists) S%EP can assist in one's
development) generally &y supplying e2amples from other 5pcos$
4hile this process is ongoing) specific controls shall &e agreed &y relevant supervisors at co-ordination
meetings and approved &y department heads$
-" EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
; A%%ociated Acti$itie%
The advice given in this su&-paragraph is particularly aimed at operations involving an independent rig
#or+ing alongside a production platform$
Some general o&servations are(
all supervisors involved in concurrent operations should meet daily to identify and resolve any potential
overlap of operations and responsi&ilities
a fundamental rule for concurrent operations is to classify all operations as either ha*ardous or non-
ha*ardous and only allo# one ha*ardous operation to occur at any one time
single point responsi&ility is essential$ 0ll supervisors controlling operations shall report and liaise
through the single point
the person in charge of concurrent operations shall &e trained=competent to &e a&le to ma+e sound
decisions
management inspections should &e carried out 1ointly &y platform and rig &ased supervisors
plan directional drilling logically$.high angle #ells from outer slots/ to minimise collision ris+s and
ma+e #ell paths uncomplicated
have a #ell-defined cone of uncertainty and a resulting #ell shut-in policy$
..(." Procedures
'lear #ritten instructions and plans are re3uired in order to limit the e2tra ris+ associated #ith concurrent
activities$
0n operations plan shall &e prepared for each location #here concurrent operations are to ta+e place
stating the conditions to &e met and procedures to &e follo#ed$ This plan shall cover at least the follo#ing
areas(
a narrative description of all operations
individual duties and responsi&ilities
arrangement and location of e3uipment
integration of alarm and emergency systems &et#een rig and platform
integration of mustering system &et#een rig and platform
routing of all pipelines and their service
integration of ha*ardous *one delineations
periodic special testing and drills of safety systems and devices
conditions for securing and restarting of activities
communication procedures and reporting lines
escape routes
contingency plan
dissemination of information to all involved parties
on-site containment) rescue and evacuation training
an activities matri2 determining permitted) conditional and prohi&ited concurrent activities$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 -%
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
..(.% Supervision
Principle
'oncurrent operations necessitate optimum co-ordination of activities and defined lines of responsi&ility to
ensure operational efficiency and the safeguarding of personnel and e3uipment$ To this end) the 5%-) or
person in charge) shall chair a daily) minuted co-ordination meeting attended &y all on-site department
heads and others necessary for the effective conduct of the meeting$
The meeting should cover the planned operations for the day) any ha*ards #hich may arise out of the
individual operations or their concurrency #ith other operations) and permits or other re3uirements
necessary for their safe management$
#verall supervision
Single point responsi&ility for management of the location #here concurrent operations are &eing carried
out shall &e maintained at all times$ The responsi&le person #ill &e the 5ffshore %nstallation -anager
.5%-/ or his e3uivalent in an onshore facility$
Each individual activity shall &e supervised &y a competent supervisor) #ho has the responsi&ility to
verify that the activity is ade3uately protected &y a minimum of t#o &arriers #ith proven integrity$ ,e is
also responsi&le for reporting status) and change of status) to the single point co-ordinator$
Communication
7egular meetings should ta+e place &et#een the supervisors to discuss ,SE issues and the planned #or+
programme$ 'hanges from a previously agreed programme shall &e highlighted and ade3uately discussed
#ith all involved parties$
Permits,to,$or;
0ll concurrent activities other than routine production) drilling) maintenance or construction operations
shall &e rigorously controlled &y the use of #or+ permits signed &y supervisors of the individual activities
and the supervisor=manager responsi&le for the overall operation$
Control o1 personnel movement
The movement of personnel &et#een drilling rig and platform shall &e strictly controlled$ 0t no time shall
there &e more people on the rig or the platform than life saving e3uipment e2ists for or certification allo#s
for$ Procedures for the mustering of) or accounting for) personnel on the t#o locations shall &e in place)
#ell +no#n and practised$ Escape routes to and from the rig shall &e clearly indicated$
Personnel arriving at the installation shall &e provided #ith any re3uired personal protective e3uipment for
transit from the arrival point to the accommodation and report immediately to the 5%- or his nominated
deputy$
..(.( Speci1ic re)uirements
Specific re3uirements shall &e detailed in the local concurrent operation manual and should &e used in
con1unction #ith any local statutory re3uirements to produce the #ritten plan for each case$
-( EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
; A%%ociated Acti$itie%
:arriers
Each individual activity is protected &y &arriers .protection mechanisms/ #hich #ould have to fail &efore
control is lost$ 5perations may proceed if each individual activity is protected &y a minimum of t#o
independent and tested &arriers) #ith the provision that neither of these &arriers &ecomes nullified &y
virtue of the concurrent activity$ 4here a &arrier fails) immediate action shall &e ta+en) #ithin the
constraints of concurrent operations) to restore t#o &arrier integrity$
The follo#ing may &e considered as &arriers(
drilling fluid in the hole of sufficient density to over&alance formation pressures$ The drilling fluid
shall &e su&1ect to continuous monitoring to 3ualify
a tested 65P stac+
cased hole #here the casing is unperforated or has not &een drilled out) or #here a tested cement or
&ridge plug is in place$
9or completion and #or+over operations the follo#ing &arriers once tested may also &e considered(
deepset #ireline plug .&elo# production pac+er/
drilling or completion fluid in the #ell of sufficient density to over&alance formation pressures$ The
fluid shall &e su&1ect to continuous monitoring to 3ualify
Rmas tree
a t#o #ay chec+ valve is installed in the tu&ing hanger
and on the annulus side(
a tested pac+er=completion .production/ pac+er
tested seals on the tu&ing hanger
The safety of the drilling or #or+over operation may &e threatened &y events occurring in other concurrent
activities$
Sur1ace Controlled Sub,sur1ace Sa1ety 4alves @SCSS4A
0 Surface 'ontrolled Su&-surface Safety 8alve .S'SS8/ shall not &e considered as a 'programmed'
&arrier #ith regard to #ell intervention$ %n cases of emergency) #here other &arriers cannot &e installed
and tested) an S'SS8 may &e regarded as a &arrier) provided that it #as in place and tested &efore the
emergency arose$ .i$e$ it has a #or+ing trac+ record/$ Even in this case) management consent shall &e
gained prior to the start of #or+ and contingency arrangements) in case the &arrier fails) shall &e in place
and tested$
<ell inter1erence
0ttention should &e paid to su&-surface cones of uncertainty of ad1acent #ells) #ith travelling cylinder
collision plots &eing produced for critical situations$ The criteria for terminating as mentioned in the
'6orehole Surveying -anual' .7ef$ 4@/ should &e e2panded to include consideration for(
the situation #here #ell &ore paths are converging
actual survey depths #hich are fre3uently !0-!5m off &ottom
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 -'
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
4hen the #ell &eing drilled is on a converging course #ith an e2isting production #ell and the criteria
mentioned a&ove apply) the production #ell shall &e closed-in and e3uipped #ith an inflo# tested
do#nhole plug located &elo# the pac+er$
'onductor driving operations also re3uire special attention #hich shall include monitoring the conductor
path and closing-in #ells #ithin the cone of uncertainty$
Ri& movin& operations
4hen moving a rig or tender on or off the platform and #hile positioning same at the platform) it may &e
necessary to cease and secure all other activities if an unaccepta&le ris+ e2ists to the platform or
personnel$
0 pre-move meeting attended &y drilling) production and marine staff shall &e held to plan the move and
assess the ris+s$ 0n effective #ell handover procedure shall &e in place #hich details the status of #ells
and other production facilities on the platform$ See 4$4$5 for additional information$
<ell testin& usin& temporary 1acilities
4ell testing activities using temporary facilities are not permitted concurrently #ith any activities e2cept
routine production and maintenance$ ?o hot #or+ permits shall &e issued for the immediate vicinity #hile
these activities are in progress$
..(.' <ireline activities @slic;line and electric lo&&in&A
The surface integrity for completion and production #ireline operation is assured &y the follo#ing
&arriers(
the lu&ricator=stuffing &o2=65P assem&ly
the Rmas tree #ith a remote-controlled upper master valve #ith #ireline cutting capa&ility .or an
actuated valve installed on top of the tree/$
?ormally the #ireline retrieva&le S'SS8 #ill &e pulled .or #hen using a tu&ing retrieva&le su&-surface
safety valve . T7SS8/ it #ill &e hydraulically maintained open/ during #ireline operations) so that a
do#nhole &arrier #ill not &e availa&le$ 9or this reason #ireline #or+ in live #ells re3uires special
attention$ 4ireline #or+ may have to &e interrupted and #ell made safe to allo# other critical #or+ to
progress$
The appropriate operating procedures and e3uipment shall &e used as mentioned in '4ell Services
;uidance -anual'.7ef$ 4F/$ Selected safety precautions from the referenced manual .chapter F/ are given
here to emphasise their importance(
0 #ireline &lo#out preventer shall &e used for #or+ on all #ells capa&le of flo#
'ontrol of the S'SS8 and surface safety valve shall &e transferred to a remote panel operated &y the
#ireline cre# during #ireline operations
4here possi&le) #hen depressuring lu&ricators) gas should &e vented through e2isting facilities
Depressurisation of a lu&ricator shall &e confirmed &y opening the second !=: inch connection in the
lo#er section of the lu&ricator to chec+ that hydrate &loc+age of the primary depressurisation needle
has not occurred
0fter installation on the #ellhead) the lu&ricator shall &e pressurised and tested according to
procedures$
-* EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
; A%%ociated Acti$itie%
During concurrent operations the #or+ shall &e discussed at the daily co-ordination meeting and
appropriate controls put in place to assure its safe conduct$
The same guidelines as listed a&ove are valid for non-rig assisted logging #or+$
..' <ireline #perations @Slic;lineA
4ireline .slic+line/ operations may &e conducted through the rotary ta&le for a num&er of purposes$
During any #ireline operations the Driller on shift is responsi&le for the overall safety on the rig floor and
for maintaining primary pressure control over the #ell$
4hen a 'hristmas tree is installed) the #ireline operator shall use #ireline &lo#out preventers and a
lu&ricator$ Pressure integrity shall &e confirmed prior to running tools in the hole$ 5perational safety
procedures are similar to electric logging operations) see @$!$
..* Divin&CR#4 #perations
Diving #or+ is underta+en less fre3uently than in the past as many of the tas+s #hich re3uired human
intervention are carried out &y remotely operated vehicles .758s/$ 4here diving is underta+en the
re3uirements of the document 'Cnder#ater ,and&oo+ - Diving' .7ef$ 4"/ shall &e follo#ed$ The Diving
Supervisor shall &e +ept fully informed of all on-going #or+$ ,is advice on matters involving the health
and safety of divers shall &e follo#ed$
The follo#ing guidelines are ta+en from the document 'Diving 5perations -anagement ;uidelines' .7ef$
50/(
see+ to minimise the need for e2posure of personnel to hyper&aric .i$e$ raised pressure=under#ater/
environments
contract all diving #or+ as a service
invite &ids only from those diving contractors #ith a good record of capa&ility) health and safety in all
aspects of diving
apply as a minimum contractual standard the CL legislation for diving operations .and re3uire
contractors to adopt the guidance) recommendations and instructions contained in the CL ,ealth and
Safety E2ecutive Diving Safety -emoranda/ as the under#ater service industry consensus of the 'state
of the art' for diving operations
re3uire contractors to utilise under#ater service industry accepted techni3ues to monitor and protect
the health of divers$ %n this conte2t 'monitor' means to record &oth the time=depth e2posure of divers
and any chemical and physical factors #hich may &e ha*ardous to health
inspect=audit the personnel) e3uipment) procedures and controls against contract conditions
re3uire contractors to demonstrate proper functioning of critical systems
re3uire all diving operations to &e carried out under appropriate 4or+ Permit procedures$
..*. Special precautions
The diving system should &e set up on the rig clear of any drilling e3uipment &ut still close enough for
the &ell to &e #ithin ready access to the su&sea e3uipment for diver convenience and safety$
?otices shall &e posted on the rig #hen diving is in progress and everyone made a#are that nothing
#ill &e put or dropped into the #ater #hen divers are in the #ater$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 -.
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
%n shallo# #aters visi&ility under #ater can &e very poor #hich can &e made #orse &y the dumping of
mud or cement$ This should therefore &e avoided$
..*." Restrictions
?o diving operations shall &e carried out during the follo#ing operations(
top hole drilling
during total losses or dump flooding the #ell from the sea &ed
#ell control activity) #ell under pressure
pressure testing su&-surface e3uipment .floating drilling operations/
during heavy lifting
loading=offloading supply &oats
emergency alarm status) e$g$ ,
:
S or fire
seismic recording in the vicinity) particularly if using e2plosives$
4hen the dive is carried out) the follo#ing operations shall cease(
movement of e3uipment out&oard
use of thrusters) e2cept on DP vessels
&allasting or de-&allasting
dumping of mud
sea suctions shall &e isolated as re3uired) though the firefighting system should not &e incapacitated
The stand&y vessel shall &e informed that diving is &eing carried out$
... Standby 4essels
5ffshore rigs should have a stand&y vessel in attendance at all times$ %n some areas of operations this is
mandatory$ %f) for any reason) it is decided not to provide the service) this shall only &e done after a
documented ris+ assessment has &een carried out to consider the implications) and any necessary changes
to standards and procedures have &een made$
%n some areas) rules and regulations govern the construction) survey and operation of stand&y vessels$
Typical are the documents '0ssessment of the Suita&ility of Stand&y 8essels 0ttending 5ffshore
%nstallations' .7ef$ 5!/$ and '5ffshore %nstallation .Emergency Procedures/ 7egulations !"@>' .7ef$ 5:/$
.... 6eneral re)uirements
Stand&y vessels shall at all times &e not more than :0 minutes steaming distance from the installation it is
supporting$
The vessel shall &e classified as capa&le of carrying the total num&er of personnel on the installation and
shall &e e3uipped to provide first-aid treatment$
9ast rescue craft shall &e +ept on &oard the stand&y vessel) #hich shall &e immediately availa&le for
launching to rescue personnel$
-/ EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
; A%%ociated Acti$itie%
...." Duties
The main duties are(
to rescue personnel #ho have fallen into or deli&erately entered the sea to escape from the installation
to assist in the evacuation of the installation and accommodate rescued personnel
to provide first aid to survivors
to monitor the safety *one of 500 m around the installation and to #arn vessels to stay outside this
*one
to maintain close o&servation of personnel #or+ing over the side of the rig
to provide radio communications #ith rescue facilities in an emergency situation$
%n lieu of legislative re3uirements in some areas) the follo#ing details some other stand&y vessel
re3uirements(
The -aster of the stand&y vessel shall ensure that(
the vessel is under po#er #ith at least one engine running :4 hours a day and the other on stand&y for
immediate start
the vessel is at no time further than :0 minutes steaming from the rig on one engine
a :4 hour radio and visual #atch of the rig is maintained at all times$ %n case of poor visi&ility) vessel
and rig shall closely monitor each other's position and the position of other shipping on the radar
the vessel proceeds immediately to the area of an emergency) as indicated &y the rig$ The rig #ill
indicate &y radio=horn=signal and give full details of the emergency as 3uic+ly as possi&le
on arrival or departure of the helicopter) the vessel is to &e #ithin 500 m up#ind of the rig) clear of the
flight path of the helicopter and #ith &oth engines running
the vessel o&serves for and reports to the rig any gas &u&&ling during top hole drilling
the vessel reports to the rig any oil=pollution slic+ o&served) regardless of its source
the vessel monitors for and collects any floating de&ris .e$g$ logs) plastics) etc/ #hich is sighted #ithin
the 500 metre e2clusion *one) thus protecting the rig's DP system from damage .as applica&le/
in con1unction #ith the rig) the vessel regularly performs emergency drills of all types
the fast rescue &oat engine is run at least once per #ee+ and the &oat is launched and tested .#eather
permitting/
The -aster of the vessel shall also ensure the follo#ing(
the prohi&ition of alcohol=drugs=#eapons
leaving the location is permitted only after the prior permission of the rig's 5%-
vessel is moved immediately up#ind of the rig in the event that an ,
:
S alarm is given
regular chec+s are made of the vessel's porta&le radio sets and life support e3uipment to ensure that
these are maintained in full #or+ing condition at all times
no #aste is dumped over&oard$
....% Responsibilities
The stand&y vessel shall &e under the authority of the senior person on the installation .the contractor's
Senior Toolpusher or 5ffshore %nstallation -anager/$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 -+
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
%f the stand&y vessel is contracted &y the 'ompany) the 'ompany Drilling Supervisor on the installation is
re3uired to ensure that contractual o&ligations are fulfilled$
7egular 'man over&oard' drills shall &e performed and logged$ These drills shall not &e conducted #hen
#eather conditions present unaccepta&le ha*ards to stand&y vessel personnel$ <i+e#ise) routine #or+ on
the rig) #hich re3uires the support of the stand&y vessel shall not &e underta+en if conditions are such that
attempts to rescue a man over&oard place the lives of #ould &e rescuers in 1eopardy$
../ Helicopter #perations
,elicopters #ill generally &e used as the principle means of transporting personnel &et#een rig and shore
in an offshore operation$ 7egulations governing the use of helicopters are contained in Shell 0ircraft <td
-anual .7ef$ 53/$
../. Trainin&
0ll personnel travelling &y helicopter to and from an offshore installation are re3uired to &e &riefed on
safety procedures prior to &oarding the aircraft$
The drilling contractor is re3uired to train and properly e3uip helidec+ firefighting cre#s) one of #hom
shall &e present at every landing and ta+e off$ 0dditionally a ,elicopter <anding 5fficer .,<5/ shall &e
appointed and appropriately trained$
%n addition certain rig cre# shall &e trained in helicopter marshalling for the handling of slung loads) and
#here appropriate) in refuelling procedures$
- EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
; A%%ociated Acti$itie%
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EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
APPEND!0 !
P#3!C!ES
=i&ure !. Polic1 guideline% on health6 %a3et1 and the en$iron0ent
%t is the policy of Shell companies to conduct their activities in such a #ay as to ta+e foremost account of the
health and safety of their employees and of other persons) and to give proper regard to the conservation of
the environment$ They aim to &e among the leaders in their respective industries in these matters$
'ealth
Shell companies see+ to conduct their activities in such a #ay as to avoid harm to the health of their
employees and others) and to promote) as appropriate) the health of their employees$
!afety
Shell companies #or+ on the principle that all in1uries should &e prevented and actively promote amongst all
those associated #ith their activities the high standards of safety consciousness and discipline that this
principle demands$
)nvironment
Shell companies(
pursue in their operations progressive reductions of emissions) effluents and discharges of #aste
materials that are +no#n to have a negative impact on the environment) #ith the ultimate aim of
eliminating them
aim to provide products and services supported #ith practical advice #hich) #hen used in accordance
#ith this advice) #ill not cause in1ury or undue effect on the environment
promote protection of environments #hich may &e affected &y the development of their activities and
see+ continuous improvement in efficiency of use of natural resources and energy$
Common '!) aspects
Shell companies(
assess health) safety and environmental aspects &efore entering into ne# activities and reassess them in
case of significant change in circumstances
re3uire contractors #or+ing on their &ehalf to apply health) safety and environmental standards fully
compati&le #ith their o#n
recognise the concerns of shareholders) employees and society on health) safety and environmental
matters) provide them #ith relevant information and discuss #ith them related 'ompany policies and
practices
develop and maintain contingency procedures) in co-operation #ith authorities and emergency services)
in order to minimise harm from any accidents
#or+ #ith government and others in the development of improved regulations and industry standards
#hich relate to health) safety and environmental matters
conduct or support research to#ards the improvement of health) safety and environmental aspects of
their products) processes and operations
facilitate the transfer to others) freely or on a commercial &asis) of +no#-ho# developed &y Shell
companies in these fields$
Endorsed &y the 'ommittee of -anaging Directors - une !""!$
" EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
Appendix I Policie%
=i&ure !." Polic1 on %u*%tance a*u%e
"efinition
Su&stance is defined as any su&stance #hich chemically modifies the &ody's function resulting in
psychological or &ehavioural change$ %n this conte2t su&stance includes &ut is not limited to alcohol)
into2icating products and medication$ Su&stance a&use is the use of these su&stances in a harmful or
improper #ay$
*ackground
The 'ompany conducts its &usiness against high standards of safety and concern for the environment$ %n all
areas of activity it pursues the reduction of ris+ to &oth$ 0lso) the 'ompany is committed to maintaining a
healthy and productive #or+place$ 0ll employees are e2pected to share in these o&1ectives$
The a&use of su&stances in any 3uantity ho#ever small can impair performance at #or+) and can &e a
serious threat to safety and environment) health and productivity$ The 'ompany #ishes to ensure that all
employees recognise this threat and aims at minimising the ris+s involved$ %n order to achieve this) the
follo#ing policy #ill apply and #ill &e part of the employee's conditions of employment$
%olicy
!$ The 'ompany recognises alcohol or drugs dependence as a treata&le condition$ Employees #ho have
an alcohol or drugs dependence are encouraged to see+ medical advice) and to follo# appropriate
treatment promptly$ The 'ompany #ill assist an employee to o&tain treatment and employees #ho see+
such help #ill not place employment in 1eopardy &y doing so) although alternative #or+ might &e
considered$ The normal 'ompany &enefits #hich apply in the case of any illness #ill &e availa&le$
:$ 6eing at #or+ #hile impaired &y drugs or alcohol is strictly prohi&ited$
3$ The illicit use of legal su&stances or the use) possession) distri&ution or sale of illegal su&stances on
'ompany &usiness or locations is strictly prohi&ited$
4$ Preceding employment) the 'ompany #ill test for su&stance a&use$
5$ The 'ompany may conduct unannounced searches for drugs and alcohol or any other su&stance on
'ompany locations$ %t may also re3uire employees to su&mit to alcohol and drugs testing #here a good
faith reason e2ists to suspect alcohol or drug a&use$ Cnannounced) periodic or random testing #ill &e
conducted #hen an employee meets any one of the follo#ing conditions(
A holds a safety and environmentally sensitive position
A holds a dedicated management position
A holds a position #here testing is re3uired &y la#
A holds a position #here the individual acts alone or unsupervised$
>$ %f a test result is positive) in most cases) on a first time &asis only) the employee #ill &e allo#ed to
continue in employment provided there is compliance #ith the appropriate reha&ilitation procedures
.e$g$ education) counselling) treatment and unannounced testing/$
@$ Dismissal #ill normally occur in the follo#ing circumstances(
A failure to co-operate #ith the implementation of this policy
A failure to comply #ith the appropriate reha&ilitation procedures
A the use) possession) distri&ution or sale of illegal drugs or su&stances on 'ompany &usiness or
locations
A the use or possession of alcohol on 'ompany &usiness or locations unless previously authorised)
and the use or possession of alcohol in safety or environmentally sensitive positions
A a second positive test result follo#ing a prior positive result from a 'ompany initiated test #here
employment has &een continued) or after an earlier identification of an a&use pro&lem$
F$ 0ll contractors are re3uired to ensure that their employees do not create a presence of su&stance a&use
on 'ompany &usiness or locations$ %n addition) contractors #ho perform safety or environmentally
sensitive #or+ are re3uired to provide evidence of a comprehensive su&stance a&use policy and
practices at least e3uivalent to those in force #ithin the 'ompany$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 %
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
APPEND!0 !!
RESP#NS!:!3!T!ES #= 2E> STA==
!!. Company #perations Sta11 Responsibilities
!!.. Head o1 Drillin& En&ineerin&
The ,ead of Drilling Engineering shall &e responsi&le for ensuring that appropriate technical and
operating standards are in place and to provide cohesion) direction and consistency throughout his area of
responsi&ility for ,SE such that staff discharge their duties in a professional manner and to a consistent
standard$ 'ore activities #ill include(
the specification) maintenance and monitoring of policies) procedures and standards
the harmonisation of 'ompany and contractor policies) procedures and standards to a consistent and
unam&iguous approach
the dissemination of technical information
the maintaining of appropriate contacts in the Shell ;roup and #ith e2ternal resources$
the provision of guidelines to his su&ordinate supervisors
maintaining an a#areness of the professional competence of all staff and co-ordinating their
development through appropriate operational e2posure and training$
!!.." Company Drillin& Supervisor
The 'ompany Drilling Supervisor is the 'ompany 's senior representative on site$ ,is role #ith regard to
,SE is to verify that the drilling contractor and service and su&contractors perform #or+) under their
respective contracts) in a manner #hich assures the health and safety of staff and avoids harmful
emissions to the environment$ 0s such he should &e familiar #ith the provisions of the various contracts
and &e competent to verify correct implementation$ ,is specific responsi&ilities relating to ,SE include(
verifying the implementation of ha*ards and effects management controls
ma+ing 3uality assurance chec+s on contractors inspections
ta+ing part in accident investigations as dictated &y the application of the '%ncident Potential -atri2'
participating in ,SE meetings
ma+ing structured inspections of the facility in con1unction #ith the senior contractor representative
and follo#ing up on corrective actions
verifying that #ell integrity is &eing properly maintained
verifying that effective lines of communication &et#een the various contractors are &eing maintained
alerting &ase supervisors to any changes #hich have a significant negative impact on #ell or
operational ,SE
+eeping themselves fully appraised of ongoing operations$
( EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
Appendix II #e%pon%i*ilitie% o3 De1 Sta33
!!..% <ellsite Drillin& En&ineer
The 4ellsite Drilling Engineer's ,SE responsi&ilities include o&serving that the follo#ing activities are
performed safely and #ithout endangering the health of personnel or damaging the environment &y
verifying that(
electric logging operations are conducted such that(
A radioactive sources are handled in a manner that avoids non-logging contractor staff &eing e2posed
to levels of radioactive emissions a&ove :$5 micro-Sieverts=hr
A logging contractor staff #ear their film &adgesJ
A radio silence procedures are o&served during pertinent operationsJ
A ha*ardous areas are prohi&ited to non-essential staff$
radioactive sources are stored such that(
A the area in #hich radioactive emissions e2ceed :$5 micro-sieverts=hr is &arriered
A the area #here radioactive emissions fall &et#een :$5 - !$0 micro-sieverts=hr is designated as 'no
stay'
the radioactive source register is +ept up to date
primary and secondary e2plosives are stored separately either in an area protected &y a deluge system
or on a 1ettisona&le platform
the e2plosives register is +ept up to date
mud chemicals and mud testing chemicals are stored and handled in a manner that assures the safety of
staff
chemical safety data sheets are posted and a copy +ept &y the medic
!!." Contractor 3ine Sta11
!!.". Contractor Ri& Mana&er
The contractor 7ig -anager is accounta&le for the follo#ing ,SE matters(
liaising #ith the 'ompany's ,ead of Drilling Engineering to assure compati&ility &et#een 'ompany
and contractor safety systems) plans and o&1ectives
developing ,SE o&1ectives and plans to meet those o&1ectives #hich derive from the contract) his
company's corporate policy and the drilling programme
maintaining the rig ,SE 'ase.s/ for the rig.s/under his control
esta&lishing the organisation and controls #hich ensure that all activity) including those performed &y
service and su&contractors) is conducted in accordance #ith the ,SE 'ase
demonstrating his commitment to high ,SE standards &y ma+ing regular structured visits to the rig
#ith specific ,SE o&1ectives and through providing the resources to effect recommended
improvements
ensuring that staff are trained such that they develop the necessary competence to ena&le them to #or+
safely and avoid damage to the environment
liaising #ith the 'ompany) to select service and su&contractors #ho can meet the same standards as
themselves and monitor their #or+ to confirm these standards are &eing maintained
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 '
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
ma+ing suita&le arrangements for consultation #ith line supervisors) employees and service and
su&contractors' representatives on health) safety and environmental matters
ma+ing certain that all incidents involving in1ury to persons) damage to property or the environment)
and those having potential for serious effect are thoroughly investigated and that effective follo#-up
action is ta+en &y(
A esta&lishing remedial action re3uirements
A identifying action parties
A esta&lishing completion targets
A regularly revie#ing progress$
esta&lishing and discussing #ith su&ordinates individual responsi&ilities) targets and accounta&ilities
for health) safety and the protection of the environment and confirm these during performance
appraisal
setting a clear leadership e2ample &y his o#n actions$
!!."." Contractor Ri& Superintendent @Senior ToolpusherA
5n an offshore rig the contractor 7ig Superintendent or Senior Toolpusher #ill often also &e the 5%-
#ith responsi&ilities defined &y legislation and=or 'ompany policy$
The contractor 7ig Superintendent is responsi&le for the e2ecution of all #ell and associated #or+
programmes$ This includes) rig moving) the drilling) completion) perforation and testing of ne# #ells) the
repair of e2isting #ells &y #or+over and the maintenance of the drilling facility) safety of the installation
and all personnel on &oard$
Ley safety responsi&ilities include assurance that(
ha*ards are identified) assessed and controlled and plans for recovery are effectively in place
in1ury to personnel) assets or the environment) is prevented
the emergency=contingency plan is opera&le and tested and all site staff are competent to perform their
assigned duties
safe #or+ing codes and practices are implemented for all operations in accordance #ith recognised
policies) standards and procedures as agreed &y the 'ompany
prompt action is ta+en to rectify any deficiencies in #or+ing practices or conditions
all employees receive appropriate induction and training in all aspects of their #or+ and o&serve such
safety re3uirements as the #or+ situation #arrants
safety rules and procedures are follo#ed and should transgressions &e o&served) corrective action is
ta+en to ensure future compliance
,SE meetings are held as follo#s(
A #ee+ly for all personnel #ith records &eing +ept of attendees) topics discussed) action items
arising) action parties responsi&le for close out and target date for completion
A daily #ith #or+ teams .cre#s/ to discuss the shift #or+ plan and any e2pected ha*ards$ This
should &e logged) in the daily report
A prior to non-routine operations) #ith all involved personnel) to ensure the 1o& and its inherent
ha*ards are understood) controls are in place) the tools and #or+ practices are appropriate)
relevant e2pertise is availa&le and permit re3uirements are understood and verified as &eing in
place$
* EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
Appendix II #e%pon%i*ilitie% o3 De1 Sta33
drilling and associated e3uipment is inspected and maintained in accordance #ith the inspection
programme and the preventive maintenance system
all accidents causing in1ury to personnel or damage to e3uipment and all significant near misses are
reported in accordance #ith procedures and are investigated at the appropriate level) in the appropriate
depth and that remedial actions are implemented
employees use personal protective e3uipment as necessary
ha*ardous #or+ is performed under the permit-to-#or+ system
all relevant information is communicated &et#een personnel at shift change$
!!.".% Ni&ht Toolpusher
The contractor's ?ight Toolpusher is responsi&le) during his shift) for the safe e2ecution of all #ell #or+
programmes issued through the contractor's 7ig Superintendent$ This re3uires that he(
enforces the provisions of the drilling contractor's ,SE policy) procedures and plan
verifies that staff under his authority are +no#ledgea&le of their role and competent to perform it
ensures drilling e3uipment is maintained in a safe and opera&le condition
#here necessary applies for #or+ permits and verifies that their provisions are follo#ed
ensures that all accidents and significant near misses are reported and ta+es part in their investigation$
Disseminates findings amongst all staff in order to avoid recurrence
verifies the 3uality of safety inspections performed &y su&ordinates
regularly monitors #ell conditions &y liaising #ith relevant staff and ensures that proactive steps are
ta+en to maintain primary #ell control
provides emergency response support) &oth personally and together #ith drilling cre#s) and conducts a
regular programme of e2ercises
acts as the lin+ &et#een senior and 1unior rig supervision &y attendance at &oth groups meetings and
disseminating information as appropriate$
!!.".( Driller
0s the first line in the supervision of personnel) the Driller's prime o&1ective is to ensure that instructions
are carried out competently and therefore safely$
,e is to verify that cre# personnel are competent to carry out their #or+ and use safe #or+ing practices$
,e disseminates to his cre# information on ,SE and ne# safety procedures$ 0dditionally he is to inform
senior staff of safe #or+ing procedures suggested &y his cre# and other personnel$ The introduction of
any conse3uent change in procedure should &e implemented under the direction of the Driller #ith
guidance and approval from the 7ig Superintendent if appropriate$
The Driller is instrumental for the follo#ing(
seeing that all instructions of the contractor's Toolpusher concerning #or+ methods and e3uipment are
carried out
ensuring that cre# mem&ers fully understand their duties #hen carrying out a 1o&
ta+ing necessary steps to correct ha*ardous conditions and incorrect practices and chec+ing that
protective devices are in good condition and used #hen needed
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 .
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
anticipating ha*ardous conditions and remove the cause of possi&le accidents
ensuring that cre# mem&ers complete each 1o& in an orderly #ay and leave no ha*ardous conditions
&ehind
promptly reporting any unsafe e3uipment that cannot &e corrected &y the drilling cre#
encouraging all cre# mem&ers to ma+e ,SE suggestions and recognise their a&ility to contri&ute to
accident prevention
assisting in the investigation of all accidents in his line of responsi&ility
seeing that all cre# mem&ers are trained in correct operating procedures and policies$ ,e is to ma+e a
particular effort to ma+e ne# cre# mem&ers ,SE conscious and verify their 1o& +no#ledge
training the 0ssistant Driller so that he can competently perform the Driller's duties #hen necessary
&eing conversant #ith the 'ompany #ell control methods and &e a&le to react accordingly
setting an e2ample to the cre# &y o&serving all ,SE regulations
ad1usting the pace of operations to meet the competence of his cre#
ensuring proper use is made of the 'Permit-to-#or+ System'
preparing an ade3uate handover to ensure continuity during shift changes
holding a pre-shift safety meeting to appraise cre#s of planned operations$
/ EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
Appendix II #e%pon%i*ilitie% o3 De1 Sta33
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EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 +
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
APPEND!0 !!!
3AND R!6 M#4E P3AN
This appendi2 details the actions to &e ta+en at each stage in a typical land rig move$
!!!. Scoutin& Trip
-easure and photo overhead lines
Survey &ridges
5&tain #eather information
Survey port facilities
0ssess security situation
Prepare map sho#ing(
A 9uel and #ater supplies
A ,ospital=medical facilities
A 5vernight stopping points
A 7oad 3uality
A 'ommunication facilities
A ,a*ards through villages$
!!!." Establish Convoy Procedures
Specify truc+ re3uirements
?um&er of truc+s per convoy
Distance &et#een truc+s
Truc+ inspection procedures
8erify driver competence
Select convoy leaders
Prepare load plan=prioritise loads
Esta&lish speed limits
5rganise police=military escorts
Esta&lish 1ourney management procedures
Define night driving policy
,old pre-1o& safety meeting
-a+e radio chec+s
Esta&lish drugs=alcohol policy
Define contingency procedures
Define safety e3uipment re3uirements
"- EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
Appendix III "and #ig Mo$e Plan
Define refuelling procedures$
!!!.% 3oadin& and 8nloadin& Procedures
Esta&lish re3uirements and confirm suita&ility of(
A Supervisors
A <a&our
A ,ard#are
,old safety meeting
%dentify ha*ardous loads
Esta&lish #eight of loads
Esta&lish lifting signals$
!!!.( Pre,departure Chec;s
<oads secure
9uel tan+ full
4ater availa&le .truc+ and driver/
<ights and horn #or+
4heel nuts tight
Tyre conditions including spare
7adios
Escorts notified
7oute ha*ards removed
Tool&o2 safety tal+ held$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 "
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
APPEND!0 !4
C3ASS!=!CAT!#N #= HAEARD#8S AREAS
The classification of ha(ardous areas with respect to electrical e1uipment shall be in accordance with
the Institute of %etroleum /I%0 Area classification Code for %etroleum Installations /Ref# 5;0# The
following is only a summary of the re1uirements of the Code and is provided to give a ready
appreciation but should not be used as a substitute for the Code#
,a*ardous *ones defined under the %P or any similar code should not &e confused #ith any other type of
ha*ardous area esta&lished) e$g$ sour gas) high tension .,T/ overhead no-go areas) radioactive store
ha*ardous area$
!4. 6rades o1 =lammable 6as or 4apour Release
Continuous sources are #here flamma&le fluids .gases/ are normally present or present for more than
!000 hours per year$ Such atmospheres are normally present only in fi2ed roof tan+s and at process vents$
'ontinuous grade sources are not part of the drilling fluid circulation) #ellhead or 65P system$
%rimary sources are those #hich can release flamma&le vapours or gases in normal operation$ Primary
sources include vents and active mud tan+s) ditches and mud treating e3uipment$ Particular caution in the
mud-gas separator piping is necessary due to the potential of high volumes of primary gas released &oth
through the vent pipe outlet and via the mud drain$
!econdary sources are those #hich do not release flamma&le gases or vapours normally &ut can do so
under a&normal .i$e$ failure/ circumstances$ This includes minor and temporary containment failures such
as occur from day to day) not catastrophic failure such as vessel rupture) &urst pipes or &lo#outs$
!4." Classi1ication o1 Ha5ardous Eones
The ha*ardous *one resulting from a continuous source #ill &e a greater ha*ard than the *one resulting
from a primary source) &ecause the pro&a&ility is higher than it #ill contain a flamma&le mi2ture$ To
sho# this) ha*ardous *ones are classified according to the type of source of flamma&le vapour or gas(
the ha*ardous *one resulting from a continuous source is normally classified as Gone 0
the ha*ardous *one resulting from a primary source is normally classified as Gone !
the ha*ardous *one resulting from a secondary source is normally classified as Gone :$
The parts of the facility #hich are not classified as ha*ardous *ones can &e designated non-ha*ardous &ut
may still contain a flamma&le mi2ture under calamity conditions$
,a*ardous *one classification depends on the grade of release and the ventilation availa&le as sho#n in
Ta&le %8$!(
Table !4. Ha<ardou% <one cla%%i3ication and i0pact o3 $entilation
=rades of
release
Open air situation and
ade1uately ventilated spaces
with unrestricted air
movement i#e# at least 95
changes per hour
Restricted ventilation e#g#
inside modules with
ventilation stopped or less
than 95 changes per hour
4o ventilation e#g#
inside tank
'ontinuous Gone 0 Gone 0 Gone 0
"" EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
Appendix IV .la%%i3ication o3 Ha<ardou% Area%
Primary Gone ! Gone ! Gone 0
Secondary Gone : Gone ! Gone 0
9or land rigs) the open air situation is the norm) #ith restricted ventilation only present #here the drill
floor is shrouded) or inside the free space of active mud tan+s) ditches and #ell cellar areas$ There should
&e no Gone 0 areas on any drilling rig installation$ 5utside Gone 0) ! or : the #or+site is 'non-ha*ardous'$
!4.% Ha5ardous Eone Dimensions
0ccording to the %P 'ode .!""0/ for Drilling and 4or+over %nstallations .#here diagrams are provided/)
the Gone : ha*ardous *ones around the rig e3uipment e2tend to(
!$ 0 cylinder @$5 m around the bell nipple e2tending " m &elo# the wellhead dec+ .offshore/ or to
ground level$ The upper e2tent of the Gone : is @$5 m a&ove the rig floor) e2tending to the top of any
e2isting #ind &rea+ around the derric+ area$ 5nly the #ellhead cellar and sun+en ditches #ithin the
Gone : are classified as Gone !$
:$ 0 space around active mud tanks 3 m from the top and sides of each tan+ to ground level e2tending
to @$5 m from the sides of each tan+ at a height of 3 m$ %nside the tan+ #alls is Gone !$ Enclosures
around the tan+) unless ade3uately ventilated are classified as ha*ardous Gone ! #ith Gone :
e2tending 3 m from openings to the enclosure$
3$ 0round the shale shaker Gone : e2tends @$5 m a&ove and around the e2terior surface of the sha+er)
and Gone ! e2tends !$5 m from the outer surface $ %f enclosed the enclosed space shall all &e
classified as Gone !) #ith Gone : areas e2tending @$5 m from any openings$
4$ 9or any gas vent outlets) the e2tent of the ha*ardous *one is &ased on guidelines provided in 'hapter
5 of the %P 'ode$ %f flo# rates and type of effluent figures are not +no#n the ha*ardous .Gone :/
should e2tend at least !5 m from the vent outlet in all directions$
5$ 9or wireline operations) the point of reference is not the &ell nipple &ut the stuffing &o2 #ith other
dimensions and *one classifications the same as #ith drilling rigs on land and to the main dec+
offshore$
9or the purpose of ignition protection against small releases of flamma&le fluids around the rig floor area)
the interior of the derric+ or mast structure is classified as Gone :$ 0ll purge air) cooling air and internal
com&ustion engine air inta+e shall &e ta+en from #ell outside Gone ! and :) i$e$ from a designated non-
ha*ardous *one$ E3ually) all electrical e3uipment in the derric+ shall &e suita&ly protected$ 7e3uirements
are defined in the %P 'ode$
'ellars or pits &elo# ground level in a Gone : space should &e classified as Gone !$ 0ny enclosed
premises) containing source of ha*ard #hich may give rise to a dangerous atmosphere under a&normal
conditions should &e classified as follo#s(
The interior of the enclosure Gone !J the surrounding space in open air #ithin a @$5 m radius from any
point of egress from the premises as Gone :$ 0ny enclosed premises not containing a source of ha*ard &ut
located in a Gone : space should &e classified as Gone !) unless entry of a dangerous atmosphere is
prevented &y) e$g$ fire #alls) ventilation) etc #here the enclosure may &e classified as a Gone : or even as
a safe *one if the space is ventilated and over-pressurised$
%n naturally #ell-ventilated conditions .e$g$ offshore/ outside the limits of the derric+ or mast) the vertical
e2tent of the 'ha*ardous *one' a&ove the highest source of ha*ard may &e reduced to 3 m and e2tends over
the #hole classified area and &elo# the source of ha*ard to ground level) e2cept as descri&ed in the cases
a&ove$ 9or full details refer to %P!5 'hapter >$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 "%
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
%t must &e clearly emphasised that the dimensions and conditions 3uoted are to &e considered as the
minimum case) and #here any dou&t e2ists) the dimensions .or even classification/ of the ha*ardous *one
should &e increased &y appropriate degree$
"( EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
Appendix IV .la%%i3ication o3 Ha<ardou% Area%
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EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 "'
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
APPEND!0 4
#PERAT!#N #= D!ESE3 EN6!NES !N HAEARD#8S AREAS
The follo#ing data is ta+en from the document' 7ecommendations for the Protection of Diesel Engines
5perating in ,a*ardous 0reas' .7ef$ !3/
4. !ntroduction
There are considera&le pro&lems in providing assured protection to diesel engines for use in ha*ardous
Gones 0) ! and to a certain e2tent in *one : as defined &y the document 'Electrical Safety' .7ef$ 54/ and &y
''ode of Practice for Selection) %nstallation and -aintenance of Electrical 0pparatus for Cse in
Potentially E2plosive 0tmospheres' .7ef$ 55/$
The use of permanently installed diesel engines in Gone 0 is unaccepta&le) and the use of permanently
installed diesel engines in Gones ! and : should &e avoided #herever possi&le$
4ote( The effectiveness of protective devices is dependent upon a high standard of maintenance and
inspection of the e3uipmentJ certain items need to &e chec+ed regularly$
Table 4. #eco00endation% 3or protection o3 die%el engine% on drilling rig% 5hich are
per0anentl1 in%talled in ha<ardou% @one% ' and ,
4ature of 'a(ard ?ones 9 and 5
Discharge of spar+s from electrical
e3uipment
The starter shall &e of the follo#ing non-electric types( pneumatic)
hydraulic) spring recoil) inertia or hand start$
0ny other electrical e3uipment associated #ith the engine shall &e
flame proof as defined in 6S 4>F3 'Specification for electrical
apparatus for e2plosive atmospheres') or intrinsically safe as defined in
6S !:5" '%ntrinsically safe electrical apparatus and circuits for use in
e2plosive atmospheres' .see also 6S 5345 Part !( Selection)
installation and maintenance of electrical apparatus for use in
potentially e2plosive atmospheres/$
Electrical e3uipment shall &e effectively earthed and &onded to the
main engine frame$
Discharge of spar+s from mechanical
causes
'ooling fan &lades shall &e made from non-metallic materials$
;eneration and discharge of static
from &elt drives
0ll &elts shall &e of antistatic fire-resistant type$
Discharge of spar+s or flames from the
e2haust system
0 gas conditioner &o2 and a flame trap shall &e installed$
0lternatively) the e2haust should &e designed to discharge to a
location #ithin a 'safe' *one$
9lash&ac+ through induction system 4herever possi&le) air inta+es for engines shall &e located in a 'safe'
*one as defined &y the %nstitute of Petroleum Electrical Safety 'ode$
0lternatively) a flame trap should &e provided .6ar&er valve/$
5verheating due to failure of cooling
#ater system or loss of lu&e oil
pressure
0larms or automatic shutdo#n devices shall &e provided) actioned &y
e2cessive #ater temperature and lo# lu&e oil pressure$
Table 4. #eco00endation% 3or protection o3 die%el engine% on drilling rig% 5hich are
per0anentl1 in%talled in ha<ardou% @one% ' and , 8continued9
4ature of 'a(ard ?ones 9 and 5
E2cessive engine vi&ration 0 system using an alarm or trip device to protect the engine from
"* EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
Appendix V )peration o3 Die%el Engine% in Ha<ardou% Area%
e2cessive vi&ration should &e considered$
E2plosions in engine cran+caseJ
discharge from cran+case and cylinder
head relief valves and &reathers
0n engine having a cran+case volume of over 0$5 m
3
shall &e
provided #ith relief devices$ 7elief valves) prefera&ly of 6%'E7%
design) or &reathers on engines shall &e fitted #ith flame traps or
alternatively discharge into the induction system do#nstream of the
flame trap) if fitted) and upstream of the shut-off valve) if fitted$
Dipstic+s and=or filler caps should &e scre#ed or effectively secured &y
other means$
E2plosions in inta+e or e2haust
systems
%nta+e and e2haust systems shall &e designed in accordance #ith
0ppendi2 3$3 of the 5'-0 -E'-! document$
9lame transmission to atmosphere &y
opening of decompression pots
Decompression systems should not normally &e provided$ ,o#ever) if
they are essential) then the decompression ports should &e provided
#ith flame traps and ducted a#ay to a safe *one$
7everse running of engine The fuel in1ection pump and governor #here fitted should &e so
designed that reverse running of the engine is not possi&le$
E2cessive temperature of e2haust
gases and e2cessive surface
temperature of engine and e2haust
system
The surface temperature of the engine and e2haust system shall not
e2ceed :50N' #hen tested under full load conditions$ %n some
situations cooling of the e2haust manifold and piping may &e
necessary) using #ater 1ac+eting or finned coolers and=or high
temperature cut-outs or alarms should &e provided$
%n this connection it should &e noted that air cooled or supercharged
diesel engines generally have significantly higher e2haust
temperatures than #ater cooled engines$
'onversely) engines operated &elo# their ma2imum po#er rating #ill
have correspondingly lo#er e2haust gas and surface temperatures$
;iven conditions of normal operation) for the ma1ority of refinery and
petrochemical flamma&les in the regions of natural convection
surrounding the hot surfaces of diesel engines) surface temperatures of
:50N' are accepta&le$
E2ceptions are(
#hen free movement of air is restricted &y thermal or acoustic
shielding
#hen the auto-ignition temperature of the flamma&le) determined
&y 0ST- test D:!55->> is &elo# :00
o
'$
%f either of these t#o conditions e2ists) no engine e2posed surface
temperature shall e2ceed that determined for the flamma&le &y the
0ST- test$
4ote( The %P 'ode indicates that #here the principal mo&ile
com&usti&le fluid is +no#n to &e methane gas) then higher engine
surface temperatures .e$g$ 500
o
'/ may &e considered accepta&le$
5verspeeding of the engine due to
induction of flamma&le gas or vapour
0 means shall &e provided to stop the engine #hen flamma&le gas or
vapour in the atmosphere can cause the engine to overspeed$
9or a complete specification) discussion and e2planation of the a&ove re3uirements) reference to the
original document is recommended$
The document '0rea 'lassification of 9lamma&le ;as 0tmospheres' .7ef$ 5>/ is also used as a source to
define the principles of diesel engine operation in ha*ardous *ones$
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 ".
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
3i+ed diesel-engine e3uipment shall &e located outside a ha*ardous *one) unless ade3uate and effective
protection to all electrics) hot surfaces) e2haust systems) etc can &e achieved) in #hich case it may &e
located in Gones ! or :$ Such protection should normally include the provision of an air source from a
non-ha*ardous *one$ ,o#ever) if this is impractica&le) the engine shall &e fitted #ith an automatically
operated com&ustion air cut-out to prevent engine runa#ays in the event of flamma&le vapour ingestion$
$obile diesel-engine e3uipment should prefera&ly not &e used in a ha*ardous *one) &ut if this is
unavoida&le it should &e fully protected as for fi2ed diesel installations or have a minimum of protection
and operate under a permit-to-#or+ system$ The minimum protection should &e spar+ arrestors) hot
surface cooling and) in addition for Gone !) an automatic air cut-off$
4ote( %n no case should a diesel engine &e allo#ed to operate in Gone 0$
7igs #hich have &een designed and e3uipped #ith diesel engine po#er supply to the dra##or+s) rotary
ta&le and mud pumps according the document ''lassification of 0reas for Electrical %nstallation at
Drilling 7igs and Production 9acilities on <and and=or -arine 9i2ed and -o&ile Platforms' .7ef$ :4/ do
not al#ays comply #ith ha*ardous *one restrictions as defined under the %P 'ode$ 0s it is costly to retrofit
diesel engines on rigs) they should) in relation to the document '7ecommendations for the Protection of
Diesel Engines 5perating in ,a*ardous 0reas' .7ef$ !3/ prefera&ly &e selected for conformity #ith the %P
'ode$
"/ EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
Appendix V )peration o3 Die%el Engine% in Ha<ardou% Area%
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EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 "+
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
A::RE4!AT!#NS
*O% 6lo#out Preventer
CT 'oiled Tu&ing
"C Drill 'ollar
"% Drill Pipe
"% Dynamically Positioned
)%*$ E2ploration and Production 6usiness -odel
)!$ Enhanced Safety -anagement
')$% ,a*ards and Effects -anagement Process
'%-'T ,igh Pressure= ,igh Temperature
'
5
! ,ydrogen Sulphide
'!) ,ealth) Safety and Environment
'!) $! ,ealth) Safety and Environmental -anagement System
L$R% <o#er -arine 7iser Pac+age
L2" <ogging 4hile Drilling
$O"@ -o&ile 5ffshore Drilling Cnit
$%I -agnetic Particle %nspection
4"T ?on-Destructive Testing
O*$ 5il &ased -ud
OI$ 5ffshore %nstallation -anager
%$! Preventive -aintenance System
%O* Personnel 5n 6oard
%%) Personal Protective E3uipment
RO. 7emotely 5perated 8ehicle
!C!!. Surface 'ontrolled Su&-surface Safety 8alve
!CR Silicon 'ontrolled 7ectifier
!$! Safety -anagement System
!O
5
Sulphur Dio2ide
!2L Safe 4or+ing <oad
TC% Tu&ing 'onveyed Perforating
TR!!. Tu&ing 7etrieva&le Su&-surface Safety 8alve
%- EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
A**re$iation%
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EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 %
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
63#SSAR>
0 glossary of commonly used terms in ,SE is given in &oth EP "5-0!00 ,SE -anagement Systems and
EP "5-0300 5vervie# ,a*ards and Effects -anagement Process$
%" EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
=lo%%ar1
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EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 %%
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
RE=ERENCES
! EP ":-:!"5) )&% *usiness $odel) S%EP EPD=@5) ?ovem&er !"":$
: 7eport ?o$ >$:3=!@3 !ubstance Abuse $anagement !trategies) EPP 9orum) uly !""!$
3 EP "!-0@:5) =uidelines for !ingle !tring .enture "rilling Operations) EP5=5!) 0pril
!""!$
4 EP FF-!000) !hallow =as %rocedures =uidance $anual) EP5=5!5) uly !"F"$
5 EP F"-!500) %ressure Control $anual for "rilling and 2orkover Operations)
EP5=5!5) !"F"$
> EP "3-!@>0) $aking the $ost of "rilling 2aste $anagement) S%EP EP5=5!:)
Septem&er !""3$
@ Shell Safety and ,ealth 'ommittee) =uide for !afety %erformance Reporting) 0ugust
!""3$
F $anagement !afety Inspections) S%EP) 0pril !"F@$
" @nsafe Act Auditing) Shell Safety 'ommittee) une !"F@$
!0 Incident Investigation and Analysis =uide) Shell Safety and ,ealth 'ommittee) 0ugust
!""3$
!! Incident %otential $atri+) Shell Safety and ,ealth 'ommittee) 5cto&er !""!$
!: Accident Investigation) Shell Safety and ,ealth 'ommittee) anuary !""4$
!3 Pu&lication !0@) Recommendations for the %rotection of "iesel )ngines Operating in
'a(ardous Areas) Engineering E3uipment and -aterial Csers 0ssociation .formerly
5'-0 -E'-!/$
!4 EP FF-0550) $arine !afety of $obile Offshore @nits) EP5=5=> and EPD=!!) -arch
!"FF$
!5 EP F"-0550) %ractice for the !ite !pecific Assessment of Aack6up @nits) EPD=5) -ay
!"F"$
!> EP "0-34"0) Aack6up !tructure Condition Assessment and Condition $onitoring)
EPD=5!) ?ovem&er !""0$
!@ SPE Paper ?o$ :!"@") !I)% %ractice for !ite !pecific !tructural 3itness for %urpose
Assessment of Aack6up Rigs) SPE=%0D') !""!$
!F Technical and Research *ulletin >6>) Society of ?aval 0rchitects and -arine Engineers
.S?0-E/) !""3$
!" EP "3-04@3) $ooring !tandards for $obile @nits) EPD=53) !""3$
:0 Road !afety $anagement) Shell Safety 'ommittee) Decem&er !"F@$
:! !eat *elts) Shell Safety and ,ealth 'ommittee) Septem&er !"F"$
:: EP 4>F04) Offshore Rig $ove and Anchor 'andling Operations#
:3 -odel 'ode of Safe Practice) Part !5) Area Classification Code for %etroleum
Installations) %nstitute of Petroleum) -arch !""0$
:4 7ecommended Practice 500) 9irst Edition) Classification of Areas for )lectrical
Installation at "rilling Rigs and %roduction 3acilities on Land and-or $arine 3i+ed
and $obile %latforms) 0P%) une !""!$
:5 %ersonal %rotective )1uipment =uide) Shell Safety and ,ealth 'ommittee) une !"F"$
%( EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
#e3erence%
:> Drilling -anual) Section <3) Derric+s and -asts Report of .isual 3ield Inspection of
"errick or $ast and !ubstructure) %0D'$
:@ Specification 4E) Third Edition !"FF and Specification 49) Third Edition !"F5
!pecification for "rilling and 2ell !ervicing !tructures) 0P%$
:F Specification F0) !:th Edition) !pecification for "rilling and %roduction 'oisting
)1uipment) 0P%) une !"":$
:" Specification @) Rotary "rilling )1uipment) 0P%) !""0$
30 7ecommended Practice F6) 9ifth Edition) 'oisting Tool Inspection and $aintenance
%rocedures) 0P%) 5cto&er !"":$
3! EP 53@3F) =uidelines for "etection and Control of 'ydrogen !ulphide "uring "rilling
Operations) EP5=5!) !"F!$
3: 'ydrogen !ulphide) Shell Safety 'ommittee) Decem&er !"F>$
33 7ecommended Practice 4") Second Edition) !afe "rilling of 2ells Containing 'ydrogen
!ulphide) 0P%) 0pril !"F@$
34 EP 53@@@) Contingency %lan for "rilling !our Oil and-or =as 2ells) Shell 5il 'ompany
.CS0/) !"F!$
35 7ecommended Practice 53) Second Edition) *lowout %revention )1uipment !ystems for
"rilling 2ells 0P%) -ay !"F4$
3> Specification >0) !>th Edition) .alves and 2ellhead )1uipment) 0P%) !"F"$
3@ 4oise =uide) Shell Safety and ,ealth 'ommittee) Decem&er !""!$
3F $anagement =uidelines for 'earing Conservation) Shell Safety and ,ealth 'ommittee)
Decem&er !""!$
3" )nvironmental $anagement =uidelines) Shell Product Safety and Environmental
'onservation 'ommittee) -ay !"":$
40 EP "4-!"F0) )% )nvironmental Assessment =uide) ?ovem&er !""4$
4! 7eport ?o$ :$5F=!">) )+ploration and %roduction /)&%0 2aste $anagement
=uidelines) EPP 9orum) Septem&er !""3$
4: )nvironmental Auditing =uide) Shell Product Safety and Environmental 'ommittee) une
!"F"$
43 Ionising Radiation !afety =uide) Shell Safety and ,ealth 'ommittee) ?ovem&er !""3$
44 EP "!-!>45) Radiation !afety $anual for 2ell Logging Operations) Septem&er !""!$
45 EP "3-!300) =uidelines for %roduction Testing of 2ells up to 9><<< psi @sing
Temporary )1uipment) EP5=53) Decem&er !""3$
4> Production ,and&oo+ 8olume >) %roduction Operations) EP5=53) !""!$
4@ EP 5"300) *orehole !urveying $anual .olume 9) EP5=5!) 5cto&er !"F4$
4F EP F@-!00>) 2ell !ervices =uidance $anual) EP5=53) !"F@$
4" EP "3-0@@@) @nderwater 'andbook 6 "iving) EP9=5:) !""3$
50 "iving Operations $anagement =uidelines) Shell Safety and ,ealth 'ommittee)
Decem&er !""!$
5! Assessment of the !uitability of !tandby .essels Attending Offshore Installations) CL
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 %'
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
Department of Transport) !""!$
5: S% !"@> ?o$ !54:) Offshore Installation /)mergency %rocedures0 Regulations ,-S5
<ondon) !"@>$
53 $anagement =uide Aircraft Operations S0< .draft document under revision/) !""4$
54 -odel 'ode of Safe Practice) Part !) 9ifth edition) )lectrical !afety) %nstitute of
Petroleum) !">5$
55 6S 5345) Code of %ractice for !election Installation and $aintenance of )lectrical
Apparatus for @se in %otentially )+plosive Atmospheres) 6ritish Standards) !"F"$
5> -9 F0-04@0) Area Classification of 3lammable =as Atmospheres) S%EP) -arch !"F0$
%* EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
#e3erence%
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EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 %.
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
!NDE0
A
0cidising$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$""
0ir$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$""
0larm systems$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$F!
0tapulgite$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$@5
0uditing$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$3!
B
6arriers$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$!05) !0>
6lo#out preventer$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $>5) @"
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6reathing apparatus$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$5@) F:
C
'amp sites$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 4>
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'oncurrent operations$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$:5) !0!) !0:
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'ranes$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$@@
'ro#n &loc+$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$>4
'ryogenic operations$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $""
D
Deadline anchor$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$>0
Degassers$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$F0
Derric+s and masts) cro#n protection$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$>0
Derric+s and masts) erection$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$5"
Derric+s and masts) escape lines$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$>0
Derric+s and masts) foundations$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$5"
Derric+s and masts) inspection$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$5"
Derric+s and masts) loading$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$5"
Diesels) in ha*ardous areas$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$45) 5>) !:>
Diving operations$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$!0@
Drains$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$45
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F
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%/ EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
Index
,andling) marine riser$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$@!
,andling) tu&ing$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$@!
,a*ard$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$""
,a*ardous *ones$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$33) 45) 5>) F!) "@) !03) !::
,ealth) occupational$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$F5
,eavy lifts$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$@@
,elicopter operations$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$!!0
,ot #or+$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$:4) "F) !0>
,ouse+eeping$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $F5) !00
,SE audit$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$3@
,SE 'ase$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$3) 5) @) !>) !") :@) 3") !!5
,SE 'ase remedial actions$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$40
,SE 'ase revision$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$40
,SE Department$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$!0
,SE -anagement System$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$!) 3) 5) !>) !") 3@) 3"
,SE meetings$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$!0) !F) 3:) 3>) 4:) "") !!4) !!>
,SE policy$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$>) 4!
,ydrogen sulphide$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$@F
,ydrogen sulphide) monitoring$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$F0) F3) "F
,ydrogen sulphide) procedures$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$30
,ygiene$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$4>) F>
I
%ncidents$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$>) !0) !F) ::) 3:) 35) 4!
%nduction programme$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$!4) F3) !!>
%nspection) elevators$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$>3
%nspection) lifting gear$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$>:) >4) >5) >"
%nspection) materials$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$5:
%nspection) rig$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$!@) :3) 3!) 3@) >!
%nspection) slings) hoo+s) shac+les$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$>:
%nspection) #inches$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$>3
%nspections) electrical$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $33) 4@
%nspections) management$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$33
J
o& description$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$!!) !!4
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<ifting gear$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$>!) >:
<i3uid$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$""
<ocation approval$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $:4
<ocation) land$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$44
<ocation) offshore$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$4F
<ogging) electric$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$F"
<ogging) electric fishing$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$">
<ogging) operations$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$F"
M
-aintenance) preventive$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$5>) >!) >:) @3) !!>
-anuals$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$>5) !0:) !04) !0>
-arine riser$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$@!
-asts) guy lines$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$>0
-asts) raising and lo#ering$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$5"
-aterials) lo# temperature$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$!00
-aterials) stac+ing$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$5:
-edical facilities$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$4F
-ud$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$3!) 5!) 5:) @5) F@
-ud logging$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$F:) F3) "@
-ud programme$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $@"
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?itrogen) li3uid$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$""
?oise$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$F@
?oise control$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$F5
O
5ccupational health$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$3!
5ffshore survival course$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$!:
5il spill contingency plan$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$:"
5il spills$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$") "F
5rganisation$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$F
52ygen deficiency$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$!0!
P
Perforating) tu&ing conveyed$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$"4
Performance indicators$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$3:
Permit-to-#or+$$$$$$!:) :4) 33) 45) >5) F>) "0) "4) "") !0:)
!:F
Personnel movement control$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$!0>
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 %+
HSE Manual EP 95-&,'& Drilling
Policy) ;roup ,SE$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$>) !!:
Policy) su&stance a&use$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$@) !!3
Pollution$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$:>) !0"
Pressure control$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$!3) "0
Pressure testing$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$@F
Pulsation dampeners) charging$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$5F
Q
Kualifications$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$!:
R
7adio transmissions$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$":
7adioactive source register$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$">
7adioactive sources$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$4>) "5
7adioactive sources) storage$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$"5
7adioactive sources) use$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$"5
7elief valves$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$5"
7elief #ell plan$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$:"
7escue of personnel$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$!0"
7esources$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$!0
7esponsi&ilities) company$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$") !!4
7esponsi&ilities) contractor$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$") !!5
7ig$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 3@
7ig assessment$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$4F) 50
7ig moving) land$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$53
7ig moving) offshore$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$54
7unning casing$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$>!) @!
S
Safety factors) #ire rope$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$>4
Separators) mud=gas$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$F0
Shallo# gas$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$:4) 30) 4F) 4"
Site survey$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 4F
Site) drainage$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$45
Site) land$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$44
Site) se#age disposal$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$45
Slings$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$>:) @:
Slips$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$@:
Spare parts$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$5:) 5>) >>
Sta&&ing &oard$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$>!
Standards$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$!"
Stand&y vessels$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$!0F
Su&contractor) ,SE$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$!@
Su&stance a&use$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$@
T
Tender assisted operations$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$5!
Tongs$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$@3
Tor3ue) #or+ing in a string$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$@4
Training$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$!:) F3) !!0
Training) ,:S$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$!3) @"
Transport) air$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$53
Transport) road$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$5:
Transport) sea$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$53
Travelling &loc+$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$>4
T7%P5D DE<T0$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$3!
Tripping$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$@4) F3
Tu&ulars) ma+ing up and laying do#n$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$@:) @4
U
Cnsafe act auditing$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$34
V
8isitors$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$!4) 4>) F3
W
4aste disposal$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$4>
4aste management$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$3!) FF
4ater) pota&le$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$4>
4eather forecasting$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $:>
4eather) adverse$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$:5) >"
4eight indicator$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$>0
4ell control$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$!:) :") >>) F3) !0!) !0F
4ell interference$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$!05
4ell testing$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$"@
4inches$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$>:
4inches) man riding$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$>5
4inches) operation of$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$>:
4ire ropes$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$>4
(- EP +',-"- Revision - * #ctober ++'
Index
4ireline .slic+line/ operations$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$!0>) !0@
EP 95-&,'& #e$i%ion & '( )cto*er '995 (

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