Flood Level 2110 m

Pond Max Level 2103 m

Pond Min Level 2099.5 m
Average Water Level 2101.833333 m
Centerline of Turbine 1796 m
Tail waterLevel 1804 m
Length of Head Race Tunnel 7317.415 m
Dia of HRT (Modified Horse shoe shaped) 4.8 m
Dia of Pressure shaft (Circular) 3.8 m
Dia of Penstocks (Circular) 2.2 m
Design Discharge 68.9
C S Area of HRT 18.2779497
C S Area of Pressure shaft 11.34114948
C S Area of Penstocks 3.801327111
No. of Penstocks 3
Discharge in each Penstock 22.96666667
Total Length of Pressure shaft 276.817181
Total Length of Penstock 79.68517006
Gross head at Turbine 297.8333333
Head Loss By Manning's Formula
Manning's Coefficient n 0.012 0.012
Velocity in HRT 3.769569407
Velocity in Pressure shaft 6.075221927
Velocity in Penstock 6.04174963
Hydraulic Radius of HRT 1.199997397
Hydraulic Radius of PS 0.95
Hydraulic Radius of Penstock 0.55
Tunnel Head Loss 11.74167156
PS Head loss 1.558055206
Penstocks Head Losses 0.92949814
Total Head Losses 20.16 14.2292249
b 1.001377331
Ath 24.20269877
Diameter of SS required 5.551201056
Actual diameter 7
Actual area of SS 38.48451001
FOS 1.590091682
Net head during Normal operation 278.09 m 283.6041084
Net head during minimum operating condition 276.34 m 281.2707751
Area of Surge Shaft by Thoma's criteria F>
Cross sectional Area of Surge Shaft F
Length of Tunnel L
Cross sectional Area of Tunnel f
Velocity in Tunnel v
Minimum dynamic hydraulic head H0
Head loss in Tunnel ho
Cross sectional Area of Surge Shaft F 26.66 m2 30.34523575
Dia of of Surge Shaft 5.83 m 6.215847018
Say 6 m 6
Check
% Head loss in the Tunnel 5.10 % 4.174508195
which is >4% as per Thoma's
SURGE SHAFT HYDRAULIC DESIGN
C S Area of Surge Shaft As
Beta 0.826316528
Length of Tunnel L
Cross sectional Area of Tunnel At
Velocity in Tunnel v
Minimum dynamic hydraulic head H0
Head loss in Tunnel hf
25 Area of Surge Shaft 29.33020587
26 Factor of Safety 1.6
27 Dia of of Surge Shaft 5.98 m
28 Dia of surge shaft Say 6 m
Corrresponding cross sectional area of Surge Tank 28.27 m2
29 Area of Orifice
Calme & Garden suggest the following Criterion for
the resistance offered by the orifice.
30
Z is Surge height corresponding to change in
discharge neglecting friction and orifice losses
31 Max. Surge height (Z) at Instantaneous load rejection 59.0201
Say 59 m
Area of Orifice Opening
hof is Head loss in Orifice for restricted orifice surge Tank
32 Area of Orifice Opening (A0) Assumed is 3.45 m2
33 Coefficient od discharge Cd (from IS code) 0.6
34 Design Discharge Q0 67.2 cumec
h of 53.64 m
35 By adopting Orifice opening area of 2.5m2, Calme &
Garden Criterion is satisfied.
46.77 m
56.85 m
Check
46.77 < 53.64 < 57
36 Dia of Port 2.10 Say 2.1 m
Hence Dia of Orifice to be provided 2.1 m
As per IS : 7396 Pt I - 1985
s
t
o gA
LA
z V
C A g
Q
h
d o
o
of 2 2 2
2
v 2
h f b
v H g
LA v
A
o
t
s 2 2
2
b
o f f
f h
Z
h
Z h
4
3
2 4 2
+ +
2 4
f Z h +
f h
Z
4
3
2
+
Page 2 of 2
2110 m
2103 m
2099.5 m
2101.3 m
1795.5 m
1803.0 m
7510.0 m
4.7 m
2.0 m
2.0 m
67.15 cumec
3.253572 (0.98758r)2 17.52 m2
p(dia)2 /4 3.14 m2
p(dia)2 /4 3.14 m2
3 Nos
22.38 cumec
299.50 m
298.25 m
Bend r D r/D a k from fig2 Head Loss
1 50 4.8 10.41667 80.066 0.08 0.057939
2 25 4.8 5.208333 10.31 0.025 0.046512
3 25 4.8 5.208333 24.52 0.05 0.00367
4 20 4.8 4.166667 89.95 0.08 0.001233
0.109355
(v2/(2g))(Lf/(H0-h0)*h0
17.57
4.729779995
7.567647992