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Seminar

Waterand WasteWater
Sexta, 23 de Setembro2005
Bottrop
Opportunities for MC-Products:
Sewage-Treatment Plants
Structure
History
Stastisticsof Wastewater
TheSewage-treatment-plant
Concreteprotection? Yes! Butwhere?
History
TheRomans Row-toilet
APX 2003
50 b.Chr.
History
Pecunianon olet
Kaiser Vespasian69-79 n.Chr
Money doesntstink
Toiletaround1900
Contemporary Row-toiletTyp Online
TheRomans Row-toilet
Opportunities for MC-products :
Sewage Treatment Plants
Historical FactsaroundSewagetreatment
First thoughtsweremade in 1853 to developea plant that
cleanstheeffluentof thecityof London to save riverThames
1887 firstgermansewagetreatmentplantin Frankfurt
1913 theactivatedsludgeprocesswas developed in
England byJ.Lockett
1950 first biologicalyprocessedSewagetreatmentplant in
Germany
2006 expectedcompletionand putintooperationof thefirst
sewagetreatmentplant of EuropsCapital Brussels.
Stastistics of Wastewater
1.Degree of connection
Population connectedto sewage-treatment-plants
< 30 %
30-70 %
70-85 %
< 85 %
Stage1
Stage2
Stage3
Dgreeof connection
Statistics
Daily waterconsumptionper Person / day Europ= 150 Ltr.
4,5 bil. m/ a Germany
0.5 bil. m/ a Ausria
3,2 bil. m/ a UK
12,5 bil. m/ a Europ
135 Mio. m/ Capacityof MhneWaterreservoir
Whatisa sewagetreatmentplant ?
Howdoesthecleaningprocesswork?
In 3 Stages: 1. mechanical Stage
2. biological Stage
3. chemical Stage
threestagesof sewage-cleaning-process
Inletstructure
grating
Grit chamber
Seperatoroil
primary
settlement
Digester
Aerationtank
Clarifier,secondary
settlement
Phosphate elemination
Precipitation,chemical
mechanical Stage
biological Stage chemical Stage
Pre-thickener
nitrification
denitrification
Septictank
1. mechanical Stage
Grating
Grit chamber
Seperatoroil /
Greasetrap
primarysettlement
Grit Chamberaerated(Screen)
1. mechanical Stage
Aerated screen
Whathappensinsidea Digester?
Thesewagesludgeas a resultof thecleaningprocess is
biological reducedinsidethedigester. In thisanaerobicprocess
thesludgeisdecomposedbybacteriaunderabsenceof oxygen.
Thesludgestays for 20 daysat a temperaturof 37 C inside
thedigester. A stiringpaddel seesto itthatthedegassingof the
sludgecanhappen. Theso calledbiogasconsistsof
CO2 (CarbonDioxyd) and CH4 (Methan).Thisbiogasiscollected
in gas tanksand isusedfor heatingprocessesat theplant oris
burnedin a gas flare.
expectedPh-value Sludgezone5-7
expectedPh-value Gaszone 2-7
2. Biological Stage
Gastank
Digester Aerationtank
Clarifier
Primarysettlement
Digester
Gaszone
Sludgezone
Sludge
Aeration tank
2. Biological Stage
Activated sludge consists of :
Bacteria
Dead cells
Protozoa and scouring Organisms
Anorganic particles
Organic fibers
2. Biological Stage
Consentration of substrate
The activated sludge process
primary
settlement
Areationtank
Clarifier,secondary
settlement
primarysettlement
Aerationtank
Clarifier,secondary
settlement
Receiving
Water
Excesssludge
2. Biological Stage
3. Chemical-/
biochemical Stage
Nitrification:transformationof Ammoniacto ammonianitrogen Aerob Ph 7.5-8,3
Phosphateliminierugdurch Fllung mit Eisenchlorid
Denitrifikation:transformationof ammonianitrogenintonitrogenand oxygenbymicro-
Organismsin bio-reactors.
Fllung von Schwermetallen Cadmium, Blei, Quecksilber, Nickel, Arsen
Aerob Ph 2 -4,3
Flowchart
Inletstructure
Grating Grit chamber Greastrap
Primary
sedimentation
Digester
Aerationtank
Nitrifikation
Denitrifikation
Precipitation
Gas tank
Sludgedewatering
Secondary
sedimentation
Incineration
Aerobic
Anaerobic
Thickener
Sewagetreatmentplant byFriedensreich Hundertwasser
3. chemical stage
2. biological stage
1. mechnical stage
Sieve
Filter
coal
Sand
Gravel
bowl
Austrian Artist 1928 - 2000 Friedensreich Hundertwasser
Structure
Loadings for concrete in sewage treatment plants
Mechanisms of concrete demage
Which loadings can concrete resist ?
What are possible concrete protection systems ?
Which sytems are ideal ?
Which expirince are there with Konusit KK 10 ?
80 % of theof thestructural membersin thewater and
wastewater indusriearemadeof concrete
Thisrepresentsseveral billionof valueaddedto thenational
economy.
Thedesignedservicetimeof thestructural membersof a modern
sewagetreatment plant is50 years, 20 yearsfor mechanical
equipment
Concreteneedsa sustainedprotection, to grant theecpected
liefetimeunder thisconditiones..
In comparisonto theivestmentcostsof sewagetreatment plant the
cost for a sustainedprotectionareonly0.5-1% .
Concrete what can he perform ?
Good compressivestrength
good thermal resistancy
Good reactionconcerningaging
Good chemical resistancyPh value 6-14
Open to watervapourdiffusion
Whichtypical loadings for concretearethere
in sewagetreatmentplants?
Mechanical attack
Chemical and bio-chemical attack
Thermal / attack
Combinations of the above mentioned attacks
Reasons for deterioration in s t p
Chemical loading
municipal sewage:
No primary attack,
Strong scondary attack
Sewage from industrie:
Strong primary attack
Primary acid attack
Industrie
Ph-Wert < 4.5
HS
2
Symptom and impact

HS contentin breath
conzentration
0.1 ppm
0,1-1 ppm
1-10 ppm
Thresholdof smell for
Strongodour
Pungentodour
Max. conzentrationat workingplace(MAK-Wert)
HS

100 ppm
irritationof mucousmembranes,
eyesand respiratorytract, cough
0,1 Vol%
cramps, unconsciousness, perilous
no odour!
1,0 Vol%
Fatal in fewseconds, (respirationparalaised,
suddenunconsciousness)
Quelle:
KA-Betriebs-Info 2000 (30) Nr. 3
Secodary acidattack
Biogenic suphuricacid, municipal
Ph-Wert 1 - 4,5
In gaszone
HS
2
Primari corrosionnon municipal affluent
Acidcorrosion
Resitancyof Concrete
againstacidattack=PH 5
Detiriorationof concret-
onlyin thewet-zoneof
circumferance.
Biogenic-sulphuricacidcorrosion
municipal sewage
Lange Verweilzeit des
Abwassers imNetz
large diametersof pipe
Slowflowof sewage
Angefaultes Abwasser
heavy H2S emissions
Sectionswithpoor
ventilation
Volatile sulphuric
combinations
Attack in
gaz-zone only
Biogenic sulfphuric acid corrosion
Dual attack to concrete
1. dissolving of cement paste
2. Swelling of concrete
1. Dissolving attack
Biogenic sulfphuric acid corrosion
Biogenic sulfphuric acid corrosion
1. Dissolving attack
2. Swelling of concrete
Biogenic sulfphuric acid corrosion
Biogenic sulfphuric acid corrosion
2. Swelling of concrete
Rubber mat cover in
orderto stop odour
After removal of mat
Metallcorrosion and......
Biogenic sulfphuric acid corrosion
Massive corrosion of Concrete
Biogenic sulfphuric acid corrosion
Biogenic sulphuric acidcorroson
Loss of concrete of 4 -7cm in 4 Years
Odourtrap
Destruction of manhole by H2 SO4
Chemical und physical Processes
soil
Concrete basin
Transportation of moisture
Cover
Wasserwechselzone
Gaszone pH 1- 3,5
Wetzone pH 6,5-7
Osmotic Effect
Transportation of moisture
The problem
with coatings impermeable to water vapour
soil
Concrete basin
Transportation of moisture
Total debonding of coating
Coating
Coating open to diffusion of water vapour
No decreas of bonding
soil
Concrete basin
Transportation of moisture
Osmoticbubbleopened
Ph conditiones in uncoverd basins
wet zone, municipal sewage
7 14
Ph - 5,0
Ph - 6,5 - 7,0 municipal sewage
0
Resistancy of concrete
Biogenic sulphuric acidcorroson
BS: pH 0,7
Beton: pH 13,7
10.000.000.000.000 times
the concentration !
Ph conditiones in coverd basins
gas zone, municipal sewage
Ph value 0- 4,5
Resistancy of concrete
Ph value 5,0
0
7 14
The range of options to protect concrete
Options
forConcreteprotection
Coatingsfor rehabilitation
and new structures
Lining
as a rule fornew structures
organic anorganic organic anorganic metalic
cementious
PCC
EP / PUR / PC
ECC / PHS
Free of
cement-
Glass
High-
grade-
steel
mineralic
HD-PE/PVC/
PP/ GRP
Organicmaterials
Load: in operation
Lining
Coat
ing
PVC PVC
HD HD- -PE PE
Ankernoppe Ankernoppe
+ +
GFK GFK- -UP UP
Elemente Elemente
GFK GFK- -VE VE
Elemente Elemente
EP/UP EP/UP
PUR PUR- -
direkt direkt
PUR PUR
Dainage Dainage
+ +
Poly Poly- -
harnstoff harnstoff
Diff Diff. .
Water Water
vap vap. .
Os Os- -
mo mo- -
ses ses
Mecha Mecha- -
nical nical
loading loading
Therm Therm. .
loading loading
Chem. Chem.
loading loading
Biol. Biol.
loading loading
damp damp
substrate substrate
Dew Dew
point. point.
Temp Temp. .
<0 <0 C C
Temp Temp. .
>30 >30 C C
-
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Load: application
Metall Metall
V 4A V 4A
Glas Glas
Keramik Keramik
Zement Zement- -
gebunden gebunden
Polymer Polymer- -
silikat silikat
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Water Water
vap vap. .
Os Os- -
mo mo- -
ses ses
Mecha Mecha- -
nical nical
loading loading
Therm Therm. .
loading loading
Chem. Chem.
loading loading
Biol. Biol.
loading loading
damp damp
substrate substrate
Dew Dew
point. point.
Temp Temp. .
<0 <0 C C
Temp Temp. .
>30 >30 C C
Anorganicmaterials
Load: in operation
Load: application
Lining
Coat
ing
Structural membersand theirloadings
1
Mechanicaly
Chemicaly Thermal
Structural member
loading
Inletstructure
Inletstructure
covered
Grit chamber
Structural membersand theirloadings
2
Mechanicaly
Chemicaly
Thermal/
Hygricaly
Structural member
loading
Grit chamber
coverd
Primary
sedimentation
Primary
sedimentation
covered
Structural membersand theirloadings
3
Mechanicaly
Chemicaly
Thermal/
Hygricaly
Structural member
loading
Thickener
Digester
Nitrification
Structural membersand theirloadings
4
Mechanicaly
Chemicaly
Thermal/
Hygricaly
Structural member
loading
Precipitation
Secondary
setlement
Denitrifikation
Repair of sewage and waste water
plants
with the product range MC-RIM
Surface protection systems require a solid basis
Partial Repair Full Repair
PCC-System
Nafufill KM250 HS
SPCC-System
Nafufill GTS - HS
PCC System Nafufill KM 250 HS
Corrosion protection of the
reinforcement with ZentrifixKMH
Bonding agent Nafufill HB -HS
Coarse mortar Nafufill KM250 HS
SPCC System Nafufill GTS -HS
Surface protection with the
mineral-based coating MC-
RIM
MC-RIM
What can you expect?
MC-RIMis a highly sulphate-resistant,
mineral-based surface protection system for
coating of wastewater plants
MC-RIMis two-component
Powder Component
MC-Additiv RBI
MC-RIM tested and approved properties
1. resistance against highly aggressive
water and soils according to DIN 1045 part 2
2. impermeable to water according to DIN 1048
3. diffusion resistance against water vapour: 2.4 m
4. total pore volume P
28d
<5,0 vol.-%
5. high sulphate resistance as C
3
A-content of zero
MC-RIM application properties
1. application by hand
2. spray application ( wet spraying technique )
3. Applicable layer thicknesses
-single-layer from6 to 12 mm
-total layer thickness up to 24 mm
MC-RIM Hand application
More or less
the exception !!
MC-RIM Spray application
MC-RIM suitable for.
Primary settlement
Screen
Grease traps
Worm freight lifts
Aeration tanks
Secondary settlement
Thickener
Branches / Drains
Stormwatertanks
If they are not covered !!
MC-RIM Curing
1. Conventionally by coating with moist
jute and foil ( duration 5 days )
2. By spraying with a liquid curing agent
( overhead-surfaces )
Practical Example with Emcoril BVM
Product Alternatives
1. MC-RIMH
Horizontal Surfaces
2. MC-RIMF
Fine Coating
Why MC-RIM
in
Waste water Areas ?
Therearefourstrongarguments
1) Impermeable to water and resistant to
lixiviation
2) Open to diffusion -no risk of osmosis
3) High chemical and mechanical
resistance
4) Resistant against Sulphates
1) MC-RIMis highly resistant to chemical and
mechanical impact
Concrete is the mostly used building material in areas of
water supply and wastewater treatment. High grade of
industrialisation, economical use of water and new
methods of water treatment require increased chemical and
mechanical resistance. Very often, concrete cannot fulfil
these requirements -but MC-RIMdoes!
Due to a special binder combination and selected additives
MC-RIMoffers a very high chemical and mechanical
resistance. Where usual systems break down, the tri-
calcium-aluminate-free binders of MC-RIMoffer additional
protection.
2) MC-RIMis impermeable to water and resistant to
lixiviation (hydrolyse)
Mineral surfaces which are in direct contact with potable
water, are exposed to a constant lixiviation (hydrolyse)
process due to the low content of mineral compounds in
potable water. Non-existing impermeability and increased
porosity accelerate this process.
But MC-RIMis resistant to such hydrolyse.
Coaction of organic and non-organic components in
combination with the low water-cement-ratio effect an
extremely low porosity in MC-RIMand therefore an
extremely high impermeability.
3) MC-RIMis open to water vapour diffusion,
that means no risk of osmosis
Concrete components which are in direct contact with
potable water, are often in contact to the ground on the
backside, that means backwards moisture cannot be
excluded.
Therefore, coatings and systems which are tight to water
vapour diffusion are exposed to an increased risk of
osmosis, resulting in blister and debonding. But the
mineral surface protection systemMC-RIMis absolutely
open to water vapour diffusion and therefore bears no risk
of osmosis.
Surfaceprotectionof sewagetreatmentplants
Whichrequirementsfor concreteprotection
forcoveredbasinshaveto bemet?
G
o
o
d
b
o
n
d
Permanent acidresistancyat Ph 1
Good mecanical properties, robust
Open to watervapourdiffusion
Densagainstacidsand media
Applieableto dampsurfaces
Easyto repair
Resistantagainstageing
Our Example: Flintstone
Konusit KK 10:
Polymersilikat
Konusit KK 10:
Polymersilikat
Konusit KK 10:
Polymersilikat
Material components of Konusit KK 10
Konusit KK 10-F
(Liquid)
Konusit KK 10
(Powder)
Polymer silicates - Areas of application
KK= Cold Ceramics
Acid resistant surface protection for
concrete and reinforced concrete areas
on walls and ceilings (spray - application)
Type KK 10
Acid resistant joint sealing material for
chimneys, water constructions and
ceramic tiles
Type KK 20
Acid resistant surface protection for
concrete and reinforced concrete areas
on horizontal / sloped areas
(hand application)
Type KK 30
Surface protection state of the art materials
Konusit K 10
no cement
no plastics
no acid attack
no problems
Putzmeister S 5 EVTM
Putzmeister S 5 EVTM in action
mixing of product
Spray-Application of Konusit KK 10
Spritzbeton-
reprofilierte Flche
Konusit KK 10
Nachbehandlungsmittel Konusit NB
check of thickness
Tank inside ( Gazzonerefurbished)
zuknftigerGasraum
Prventivschutz mit Konusit KK 10
Prventivschutz mit Konusit KK 10
Konusit KK 10-beschichteter Gasraum
Concret
Preventive protection of Concret with Konusit KK 10
Handapplication
Bondcoat Konusit HB
Konusit KK 10
Curing-agent Konusit NB
Concret
Refurbishment of Concret with Konusit KK 10
Sprayapplication
Konusit Concretrepair System
Konusit KK 10 8 mm
Curing-agent Konusit NB
Application of Konusit KK 10
10 C 20 C 30 C
Application time 60 min. 45-60 min. <45 min.
Waiting period
between the
application of
Bonding coat and
the 1. layer of Type
KK 10
10 min. ./. ./.
Waiting period for
layers to follow
2-3 hours 2 hours < 20 min.
Do not add anything like water, cement or aggregates !!
Are theretheright Conditionsto applyKonusit KK 10 ?
Ambi ent
temp. [ C]
45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85% 90% 95%
2 -7,77 -6,56 -5,43 -4,40 -3,16 -2,48 -1,77 -0,98 -0,26 0,47 1,20
4 -6,11 -4,88 -3,69 -2,61 -1,79 -0,88 -0,09 0,78 1,62 2,44 3,20
6 -4,49 -3,07 -2,10 -1,05 -0,08 0,85 1,86 2,72 3,62 4,48 5,38
8 -2,69 -1,61 -0,44 0,67 1,80 2,83 3,82 4,77 5,66 6,48 7,32
10 -1,26 0,02 1,31 2,53 3,74 4,79 5,82 6,79 7,65 8,45 9,31
12 0,35 1,84 3,19 4,46 5,63 6,74 7,75 8,69 9,60 10,48 11,33
14 2,20 3,76 5,10 6,40 7,58 8,67 9,70 10,71 11,64 12,55 13,36
15 3,12 4,65 6,07 7,36 8,52 9,63 10,70 11,69 12,62 13,52 14,42
16 4,07 5,59 6,98 8,29 9,47 10,61 11,68 12,66 13,63 14,58 15,54
17 5,00 6,48 7,92 9,18 10,39 11,48 12,54 13,57 14,50 15,36 16,19
18 5,90 7,43 8,83 10,12 11,33 12,44 13,48 14,56 15,41 16,31 17,25
19 6,80 8,33 9,75 11,09 12,26 13,37 14,49 15,47 16,40 17,37 18,22
20 7,73 9,30 10,72 12,00 13,22 14,40 15,48 16,46 17,44 18,36 19,18
21 8,60 10,22 11,59 12,92 14,21 15,36 16,40 17,44 18,41 19,27 20,19
22 9,54 11,16 12,52 13,89 15,19 16,27 17,41 18,42 19,39 20,28 21,22
23 10,44 12,02 13,47 14,87 16,04 17,29 18,37 19,37 20,37 21,34 22,23
24 11,34 12,93 14,44 15,73 17,06 18,21 19,22 20,33 21,37 22,32 23,18
25 12,20 13,83 15,37 16,69 17,99 19,11 20,24 21,35 22,27 23,30 24,22
26 13,15 14,84 16,26 17,67 18,90 20,09 21,29 22,32 23,32 24,31 25,16
27 14,08 15,68 17,24 18,57 19,83 21,11 22,23 23,31 24,32 25,22 26,10
28 14,96 16,61 18,14 19,38 20,86 22,07 23,18 24,28 25,25 26,20 27,18
29 15,85 17,58 19,04 20,48 21,83 22,97 24,20 25,23 26,21 27,26 28,18
30 16,79 18,44 19,96 21,44 23,71 23,94 25,11 26,10 27,21 28,19 29,09
32 18,62 20,28 21,90 23,26 24,65 25,79 27,08 28,24 29,23 30,16 31,17
34 20,42 22,19 23,77 25,19 26,54 27,85 28,94 30,09 31,19 32,13 33,11
36 22,23 24,08 25,50 27,00 28,41 29,65 30,88 31,97 33,05 34,23 35,06
38 23,97 25,74 27,44 28,87 30,31 31,62 32,78 33,96 35,01 36,05 37,03
40 25,79 27,66 29,22 30,81 32,16 33,48 34,69 35,86 36,98 38,05 39,11
45 30,29 32,17 33,86 35,38 36,85 38,24 39,54 40,74 41,87 42,97 44,03
50 34,76 36,63 38,46 40,09 41,58 42,99 44,33 45,55 46,75 47,90 48,98
25,25
3,74
NO
NO
BecausetheAmbient temp. has to be3K abovethedewpoint
Are theretheright Conditionsto applyKonusit KK 10 ?
Ambi ent
temp. [ C]
45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85% 90% 95%
2 -7,77 -6,56 -5,43 -4,40 -3,16 -2,48 -1,77 -0,98 -0,26 0,47 1,20
4 -6,11 -4,88 -3,69 -2,61 -1,79 -0,88 -0,09 0,78 1,62 2,44 3,20
6 -4,49 -3,07 -2,10 -1,05 -0,08 0,85 1,86 2,72 3,62 4,48 5,38
8 -2,69 -1,61 -0,44 0,67 1,80 2,83 3,82 4,77 5,66 6,48 7,32
10 -1,26 0,02 1,31 2,53 3,74 4,79 5,82 6,79 7,65 8,45 9,31
12 0,35 1,84 3,19 4,46 5,63 6,74 7,75 8,69 9,60 10,48 11,33
14 2,20 3,76 5,10 6,40 7,58 8,67 9,70 10,71 11,64 12,55 13,36
15 3,12 4,65 6,07 7,36 8,52 9,63 10,70 11,69 12,62 13,52 14,42
16 4,07 5,59 6,98 8,29 9,47 10,61 11,68 12,66 13,63 14,58 15,54
17 5,00 6,48 7,92 9,18 10,39 11,48 12,54 13,57 14,50 15,36 16,19
18 5,90 7,43 8,83 10,12 11,33 12,44 13,48 14,56 15,41 16,31 17,25
19 6,80 8,33 9,75 11,09 12,26 13,37 14,49 15,47 16,40 17,37 18,22
20 7,73 9,30 10,72 12,00 13,22 14,40 15,48 16,46 17,44 18,36 19,18
21 8,60 10,22 11,59 12,92 14,21 15,36 16,40 17,44 18,41 19,27 20,19
22 9,54 11,16 12,52 13,89 15,19 16,27 17,41 18,42 19,39 20,28 21,22
23 10,44 12,02 13,47 14,87 16,04 17,29 18,37 19,37 20,37 21,34 22,23
24 11,34 12,93 14,44 15,73 17,06 18,21 19,22 20,33 21,37 22,32 23,18
25 12,20 13,83 15,37 16,69 17,99 19,11 20,24 21,35 22,27 23,30 24,22
26 13,15 14,84 16,26 17,67 18,90 20,09 21,29 22,32 23,32 24,31 25,16
27 14,08 15,68 17,24 18,57 19,83 21,11 22,23 23,31 24,32 25,22 26,10
28 14,96 16,61 18,14 19,38 20,86 22,07 23,18 24,28 25,25 26,20 27,18
29 15,85 17,58 19,04 20,48 21,83 22,97 24,20 25,23 26,21 27,26 28,18
30 16,79 18,44 19,96 21,44 23,71 23,94 25,11 26,10 27,21 28,19 29,09
32 18,62 20,28 21,90 23,26 24,65 25,79 27,08 28,24 29,23 30,16 31,17
34 20,42 22,19 23,77 25,19 26,54 27,85 28,94 30,09 31,19 32,13 33,11
36 22,23 24,08 25,50 27,00 28,41 29,65 30,88 31,97 33,05 34,23 35,06
38 23,97 25,74 27,44 28,87 30,31 31,62 32,78 33,96 35,01 36,05 37,03
40 25,79 27,66 29,22 30,81 32,16 33,48 34,69 35,86 36,98 38,05 39,11
45 30,29 32,17 33,86 35,38 36,85 38,24 39,54 40,74 41,87 42,97 44,03
50 34,76 36,63 38,46 40,09 41,58 42,99 44,33 45,55 46,75 47,90 48,98
8.67 C
Yes
At what temperature a beer bottle does condensate
at the given conditions of 21C / 70 % humidity
Ambi ent
temp. [ C]
45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85% 90% 95%
2 -7,77 -6,56 -5,43 -4,40 -3,16 -2,48 -1,77 -0,98 -0,26 0,47 1,20
4 -6,11 -4,88 -3,69 -2,61 -1,79 -0,88 -0,09 0,78 1,62 2,44 3,20
6 -4,49 -3,07 -2,10 -1,05 -0,08 0,85 1,86 2,72 3,62 4,48 5,38
8 -2,69 -1,61 -0,44 0,67 1,80 2,83 3,82 4,77 5,66 6,48 7,32
10 -1,26 0,02 1,31 2,53 3,74 4,79 5,82 6,79 7,65 8,45 9,31
12 0,35 1,84 3,19 4,46 5,63 6,74 7,75 8,69 9,60 10,48 11,33
14 2,20 3,76 5,10 6,40 7,58 8,67 9,70 10,71 11,64 12,55 13,36
15 3,12 4,65 6,07 7,36 8,52 9,63 10,70 11,69 12,62 13,52 14,42
16 4,07 5,59 6,98 8,29 9,47 10,61 11,68 12,66 13,63 14,58 15,54
17 5,00 6,48 7,92 9,18 10,39 11,48 12,54 13,57 14,50 15,36 16,19
18 5,90 7,43 8,83 10,12 11,33 12,44 13,48 14,56 15,41 16,31 17,25
19 6,80 8,33 9,75 11,09 12,26 13,37 14,49 15,47 16,40 17,37 18,22
20 7,73 9,30 10,72 12,00 13,22 14,40 15,48 16,46 17,44 18,36 19,18
21 8,60 10,22 11,59 12,92 14,21 15,36 16,40 17,44 18,41 19,27 20,19
22 9,54 11,16 12,52 13,89 15,19 16,27 17,41 18,42 19,39 20,28 21,22
23 10,44 12,02 13,47 14,87 16,04 17,29 18,37 19,37 20,37 21,34 22,23
24 11,34 12,93 14,44 15,73 17,06 18,21 19,22 20,33 21,37 22,32 23,18
25 12,20 13,83 15,37 16,69 17,99 19,11 20,24 21,35 22,27 23,30 24,22
26 13,15 14,84 16,26 17,67 18,90 20,09 21,29 22,32 23,32 24,31 25,16
27 14,08 15,68 17,24 18,57 19,83 21,11 22,23 23,31 24,32 25,22 26,10
28 14,96 16,61 18,14 19,38 20,86 22,07 23,18 24,28 25,25 26,20 27,18
29 15,85 17,58 19,04 20,48 21,83 22,97 24,20 25,23 26,21 27,26 28,18
30 16,79 18,44 19,96 21,44 23,71 23,94 25,11 26,10 27,21 28,19 29,09
32 18,62 20,28 21,90 23,26 24,65 25,79 27,08 28,24 29,23 30,16 31,17
34 20,42 22,19 23,77 25,19 26,54 27,85 28,94 30,09 31,19 32,13 33,11
36 22,23 24,08 25,50 27,00 28,41 29,65 30,88 31,97 33,05 34,23 35,06
38 23,97 25,74 27,44 28,87 30,31 31,62 32,78 33,96 35,01 36,05 37,03
40 25,79 27,66 29,22 30,81 32,16 33,48 34,69 35,86 36,98 38,05 39,11
45 30,29 32,17 33,86 35,38 36,85 38,24 39,54 40,74 41,87 42,97 44,03
50 34,76 36,63 38,46 40,09 41,58 42,99 44,33 45,55 46,75 47,90 48,98
15,36 C
Why does your shirt sticks to your Boddy in Singapor?
at 34C / 80 % humidity
Ambi ent
temp. [ C]
45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85% 90% 95%
2 -7,77 -6,56 -5,43 -4,40 -3,16 -2,48 -1,77 -0,98 -0,26 0,47 1,20
4 -6,11 -4,88 -3,69 -2,61 -1,79 -0,88 -0,09 0,78 1,62 2,44 3,20
6 -4,49 -3,07 -2,10 -1,05 -0,08 0,85 1,86 2,72 3,62 4,48 5,38
8 -2,69 -1,61 -0,44 0,67 1,80 2,83 3,82 4,77 5,66 6,48 7,32
10 -1,26 0,02 1,31 2,53 3,74 4,79 5,82 6,79 7,65 8,45 9,31
12 0,35 1,84 3,19 4,46 5,63 6,74 7,75 8,69 9,60 10,48 11,33
14 2,20 3,76 5,10 6,40 7,58 8,67 9,70 10,71 11,64 12,55 13,36
15 3,12 4,65 6,07 7,36 8,52 9,63 10,70 11,69 12,62 13,52 14,42
16 4,07 5,59 6,98 8,29 9,47 10,61 11,68 12,66 13,63 14,58 15,54
17 5,00 6,48 7,92 9,18 10,39 11,48 12,54 13,57 14,50 15,36 16,19
18 5,90 7,43 8,83 10,12 11,33 12,44 13,48 14,56 15,41 16,31 17,25
19 6,80 8,33 9,75 11,09 12,26 13,37 14,49 15,47 16,40 17,37 18,22
20 7,73 9,30 10,72 12,00 13,22 14,40 15,48 16,46 17,44 18,36 19,18
21 8,60 10,22 11,59 12,92 14,21 15,36 16,40 17,44 18,41 19,27 20,19
22 9,54 11,16 12,52 13,89 15,19 16,27 17,41 18,42 19,39 20,28 21,22
23 10,44 12,02 13,47 14,87 16,04 17,29 18,37 19,37 20,37 21,34 22,23
24 11,34 12,93 14,44 15,73 17,06 18,21 19,22 20,33 21,37 22,32 23,18
25 12,20 13,83 15,37 16,69 17,99 19,11 20,24 21,35 22,27 23,30 24,22
26 13,15 14,84 16,26 17,67 18,90 20,09 21,29 22,32 23,32 24,31 25,16
27 14,08 15,68 17,24 18,57 19,83 21,11 22,23 23,31 24,32 25,22 26,10
28 14,96 16,61 18,14 19,38 20,86 22,07 23,18 24,28 25,25 26,20 27,18
29 15,85 17,58 19,04 20,48 21,83 22,97 24,20 25,23 26,21 27,26 28,18
30 16,79 18,44 19,96 21,44 23,71 23,94 25,11 26,10 27,21 28,19 29,09
32 18,62 20,28 21,90 23,26 24,65 25,79 27,08 28,24 29,23 30,16 31,17
34 20,42 22,19 23,77 25,19 26,54 27,85 28,94 30,09 31,19 32,13 33,11
36 22,23 24,08 25,50 27,00 28,41 29,65 30,88 31,97 33,05 34,23 35,06
38 23,97 25,74 27,44 28,87 30,31 31,62 32,78 33,96 35,01 36,05 37,03
40 25,79 27,66 29,22 30,81 32,16 33,48 34,69 35,86 36,98 38,05 39,11
45 30,29 32,17 33,86 35,38 36,85 38,24 39,54 40,74 41,87 42,97 44,03
50 34,76 36,63 38,46 40,09 41,58 42,99 44,33 45,55 46,75 47,90 48,98
30,09 C
Konusit KK 10 Sprayed surface
Ph - over- all- Scale
0
7 14
Resistancy of concrete
Ph-value 5,0
Ph value 6,5 - 7,0
Municipal sewage
Ph value 0- 4,5
biogenic sulphuric acid
Konusit KK 10
Ph 0-9
MC-RIM
Ph 3,5 - 14
Whichtypical loadings for concretearethere
in sewagetreatmentplants?
Mechanical attack
Chemical and bio-chemical attack
Thermal / Hygrotic attack
Combinations of the above mentioned attacks
Structural members and their typical loadings
1
Bei welchemVerfahrensschritt treten welche Betonbelastungen auf?
Mechanicaly
Chemicaly
Thermal/
Hygricaly
loading
Inlet
structure
Inletstructure
covered
Grit
chamber
MC-RIM
Konusit KK 10
MC-RIM
Structural-
member
Structural members and their typical loadings
2
Mechanicaly
Chemicaly
Thermal/
Hygricaly
loading
Grit chamber
coverd
Primary
sedimentation
Primary
sedimentation
covered
Konusit KK 10
Konusit KK 10
MC-RIM
Structural-
member
Structural members and their typical loadings
3
Mechanicaly
Chemicaly
Thermal/
Hygricaly
loading
Pre-thickener
coverd
Digester
Nitrification
Konusit KK 10
MC-RIM
Konusit KK 10
Konusit KK 10
Structural-
member
Structural members and their typical loadings
4
Mechanicaly
Chemicaly
Thermal/
Hygricaly
Structural-
member
loading
Precipitation
Secondary
settlement
Denitrifikation
MC-RIM
MC-RIM-F
Konusit KK 10
Comparrisonof costs of various protection systems
New building
Organisch Mineralisch
EP EP Thermop.
(Rissberb.)
PCC/ SPCC Polymers. Glas
20 mm 8 mm 8 mm
10 10 -
5 5 -
- - -
- - -
30 20 -
15 15 150
- 15 -
- - -
10 10 10
- - -
- - -
- - -
- - -
50 90 175
- - -
5 5 -
60 65 150 65 105 185
example: basin (covered) 20 x 5 x 4 m=400 m
Preparatinof surface
primer (300 gr.)
bondcoat
reprofilingmortar (33%)
finemortar (ECC)
1. Coating
2. Coating
curing
SummeEuro / m
Comparison of costs of various protection systems
Rehabilitation
Preparatinof surface
primer (300 gr.)
bondcoat
reprofilingmortar (33%)
finemortar (ECC)
1. Coating
2. Coating
curing
SummeEuro / m
Organisch Mineralisch
EP EP Thermop.
(Rissberb.)
PCC/ SPCC Polymers. Glas
20 mm 8 mm 8 mm
15 15 10
5 5 -
- - -
30 30 -
30 20 -
15 15 200
- 15 -
- - -
15 15 15
- - -
- - -
30 30 30
30 30 30
50 90 175
- - -
5 5 -
example: basin (covered) 20 x 5 x 4 m=400 m
95 100 210 130 170 250
+100% +62 % +35 % +58% +54 % +40 %
Additional costs:
Basin 20 x 5 x 4 covered = 400 m
175 m
Konusit KK 10
Coating = 44 %
400 m
Epoxi-
coating
Surfaceprotectionof sewagetreatmentplants
Whichdemandsfor concreteprotection
For coveredbasinshaveto bemet?
G
o
o
d
b
o
n
d
Permanent acidresistancyat Ph 1
Good mecanical properties, robust
Open to watervapourdiffusion
Densagainstacidsand media
Applieableto dampsurfaces
Easyto repair
Resistantagainstageing
Surfaceprotectionof sewagetreatmentplants
Whichdemandsfor concreteprotection
of coveredbasinshaveto bemet?
G
o
o
d
b
o
n
d
Permanent acidresistancyat Ph 1
proofed
Good mecanical properties, robust
Open to watervapourdiffusion
Densagainstacidsand media
proofed
proofed
proofed
Applieableto dampsurfaces
proofed
Easyto repair proofed
Resistantagainstageing proofed

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