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The Functions of Business

A. Marketing
The good marketing should makes:
1. Attractiveness
2. Awareness
3. Liking
4. Loyal
5. Brand personality
The steps of marketing:
1. Segmenting
2. Targeting
3. Positioning
Marketing Mix is about:
1. Product
2. Price
3. Promotion
- Advertising
- Personal selling
- Sales promotion
- publicity
4. Place
B. Financial
Sumber keuangan perusahaan
1. Internal Sources
2. External Sources: dana dari pemilik, peserta atau para persero, pinjaman, utang
jangka panjang (pinjaman obligasi, pinjaman hipotik), utang jangka menengah
(term loan, leasing), utang jangka pendek (kredit rekening koran, kredit penjualan
dam pembelian, kredit wesel)
Norms of financial management
1. Liquidity
Formula or liquidity:
a. Current ratio
Sinta Wulandari
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b. Cash ratio
c. Quick ratio
2. Solvability
3. Rentability
C. Human Resources
1. Human Resources Planning
a. Job analysis
b. Job description
c. Job specification
2. Personnel Procurement
a. Recruitment
~ internal recruitment: job rotation, promotion
~ external recruitment: employment agencies, consulting firms, employee
referrals, employment advertisements.
b. Selection
~ administrational selection
~ kualificational selection
~ attitudes and behaviors selection
c. Empoyees placement
3. Personnel Development
a. Orientation: introduction of new employees to the organization, their work
units, and their jobs.
b. Training employees
~ On the Job Training: coaching, planned progression, job rotation, temporary
task, performance appraisal.
~ Off the Job Training: executive development programme, laboratory training,
organizational development.
4. Personnel Maintenance
a. Compensation
~ wage-levels
~ wage-structure
~ individual-wage decision
b. Benefit
~ paid leave (cuti bergaji)
~ health insurance and work accident
5. Personnel Utilization
a. Promotions
b. Demotions
c. Transfers
d. Separations
D. Operastional
1. Production
- Primer production
- Secunder production
- Tersier production
2. Processing
- Sifat proses produksi (ekstraktif, analitik, pabrikasi, sistetik, perakitan)
- Jangka waktu produksi (continuous, intermittent)
3. Pruduction control
E. Administration
1. Planning
2. Organizing
3. Coordination
F. Accounting
1. Control environment
2. Risk assesment
3. Control procedure
4. Monitoring
5. Information and communication

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