TITLE PAGE

THE CHALLENGES OF MANAGING INSTITUTIONAL PROPERTIES.

A CASE STUDY OF FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC IDAH GIRLS HOSTEL.
BY
MUSA M. TITILAYO
FPI/ESM/HND/09/270
BEING A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF
ESTATE MANAGEMENT,
SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES,
FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC IDAH,
KOGI STATE.
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
AWARD OF HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA HND!
IN ESTATE MANAGEMENT,
SEPTEMBER, 20"".
1
THE CHALLENGES OF MANAGING INSTITUTIONAL PROPERTIES.
A CASE STUDY OF FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC IDAH GIRLS HOSTEL.
2
DEDICATION
This project work is dedicated to Almighty Allah, the giver of life and
wisdom, and for his mercies showered on my life till this day to undertake this
program successfully.
3
CERTIFICATION
This is to certify that this is the original work of Musa M. Titilayo with
registration !. "#$%&'%()M%!*%2+! in the 'epartment of (state Management,
)chool of (nvironmental )tudies, "ederal #olytechnic $dah, ,ogi )tate.
-onducted under my supervisor.
.......... ...........
Mr /gung0enro Mathew Mrs ".". "alana
#roject )upervisor &ead of 'epartment
..........
'r. -./. Aniogolu
(1ternal )upervisor
2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
$n the name of Allah, the most gracious, most merciful. My profound
gratitude goes to Almighty Allah for his goodness and his mercies endure onto me.
$ am particularly inde0ted to my #roject )upervisor, Mr /gung0enro
Mathew for his supervisory role and professional guidance for the success of this
project.
$ give thanks to Mr "emi 3ioku for his effort and advice throughout this
programme.
$ most not fail to thank my &./.' in person of Mrs ".". "alana and all my
lecturers whose names are numerous to mention, especially from (state
Management 'epartment, )chool of (nvironmental )tudies. 4ou have impacted
great knowledge in me and ensure that $ 0ecome responsi0le in future.
$ could not accomplish this study without the support of my lovely mother
Mrs. ,.5. Musa who has 0een so kind to me, and my 6ate father Alhaji 5.A.
Musa may his soul rest in peace, $ am saying you are the 0est parents in the whole
world. My 0rothers, 0rother 'are, Majeed and Mukaila Musa, and my sister with
her hu00y "unke and ,unle Aliyu who have played the part of mentor, guidance,
and angel to me, $ love you all.
And to you all my friends7 8anet, 3iodun, $siaka, 5apheal Akanya, Mary
Ayeni, and others who are too numerous to mention.
$ also give thanks to my love 5asheed 3alogun for his contri0ution and
prayers for the success of this programme.
"inally, success is not anything worldly 0ut in the a0solute fear of
Almighty. $ thank &im once again.
9
ABSTRACT
This research work seeks to e1amine the challenges of managing institutional
properties, a case study of "ederal #olytechnic $dah &ostel. The sources of this
research work includes primary and secondary sources. :uestionnaires were used
in o0taining data while data were analy;ed through descriptive analysis fre<uency
ta0le and chi=s<uare were also used. The findings revealed that management of
hostel accommodation in "ederal #olytechnic $dah just like other institutional
properties is not effective, due to certain pro0lems which are> inade<uate funding,
poor attitude of students in the handling of the hostel facilities, su0=standard
management. #ersonnel and the ?eneral 'epartment in carrying out the said
function and other related management pro0lems. $n view of the a0ove finding, it
was recommended that The "ederal #olytechnic $dah should improve the
management strategy or policy that is in use at the moment, #reventive
Maintenance Approach should also 0e introduced, ade<uate awareness alongside
prompt responses to faults in the hostel should 0e put in place 0y the Management
Team. Also, @orkers 'epartment who is saddle with the responsi0ility of
managing hostel accommodation should 0e reconstituted and alternatively (state
)urveyors and Aaluers should 0e incorporated into the Management Team with a
view to achieving efficiency in the management of &ostel Accommodation and
other institutional properties in The "ederal #olytechnic $dah.
B
LIST OF TABLE
Ta0le 1> :uestionnaire 'istri0uted ............ 21
Ta0le 2> /ccupancy 5atio ................ 22
Ta0le 3> &ostel )tate of 5epair .............. 23
Ta0le 2> -ondition of )ervices in the &ostel ......... 23
Ta0le 9> #rompt 5esponse of @orks 'epartment to 5epair complain . 22
Ta0le B> Area of speciali;ation of respondents ........... 22
Ta0le +> Aisitation of &ostels 0y @orks and )ervice 'epartment ... 29
Ta0le C> Attitude of students towards handling of the &ostel "acilities . 29
Ta0le *> Maintenance and Management #olicy adopted 0y the #olytechnic . 2B
Ta0le 1!> Analysis of the ?eneral #ro0lems in Managing &ostel .... 2+
Ta0le 11> Analysis of 5espondents view on Management of &ostel 0y the
#olytechnic ......................... 2+

+
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
Title page ......................... i
'edication ......................... ii
-ertification ........................ iii
Acknowledgment ...................... iv
A0stract ........................... v
6ist of Ta0les ........................ vi
Ta0le of -ontents ....................... vii
-&A#T(5 /(
1.!! $ntroduction ....................... 1
1.!1 3ackground of study .................... 1
1.!2 )tatement of #ro0lems ................. 2
1.!3 Aim and /0jectives of )tudy ................ 3
1.!2 )cope of )tudy ..................... 3
1.!9 5esearch &ypothesis ................... 2
1.!B )ignificance of )tudy .................... 2
1.!+ 6imitations of )tudy ................... 2
1.!C 3rief 'escription of )tudy Area ................ 9
1.!* 'efinition of Terms ................... B
-&A#T(5 T@/
2.!! 6iterature 5eview ..................... +
2.!1 -oncept of #roperty Management .............. +
2.1.1 "unctions of Management ................. C
2.1.2 "actors affecting Management ............... 1!
2.!2 ?eneral "eatures of $nstitutional%#u0lic #roperties ...... 12
2.!3 (1amination of Management of $nstitutional #roperties ..... 13
2.!2 -hallenges Associated with Management of &ostels ...... 12
2.!9 )ummary of 6iterature 5eview. .............. 1B
C

PAGE
-&A#T(5 T&5((
3.!! 5esearch 'esign and Methodology .............. 1+
3.!1 )ources of 'ata ...................... 1+
3.!2 'ata -ollection Techni<ues ................. 1+
3.!3 #opulation and )ample .................. 1C
3.!2 'ata Analysis and #resentation Techni<ues .......... 1*
3.!9 &ypothesis Test )tatistic ................. 1*
-&A#T(5 "/D5
2.!! 'ata #resentation and Analysis ................ 21
2.!1 'ata #resentation .................... 21
2.!2 Test of &ypothesis 5esults ................. 2C
2.!3 'iscussion of 5esults .................. 3!
-&A#T(5 "$A(
9.!! )ummary of "indings, 5ecommendation and -onclusion .... 32
9.!1 )ummary of "indings ................... 32
9.!2 5ecommendations .................... 33
9.!3 Areas of "urther 5esearch ................ 32
9.!2 -onclusion ...................... 32
5eferences ........................ 39
Appendi1
*
CHAPTER ONE
".00 INTRODUCTION
$nstitutional properties is known to 0e one of the various landed properties
that is among the 0asic need of man on earth. This is important 0ecause of its
profound impact on religions, educational and socio=cultural status and lifestyle of
an individual or group of people.
The property is term EspecialF 0ecause of its distinctive features, they are
<uasi=monopolistic in atureF. Meanwhile, several factors like accessi0ility,
topography, climatic condition and the rest, most often affects its value.
Moreso, that the properties are not readily sold in the market.
The management of this properties re<uires scientific approach and
managerial skills as a panacea to solving the various inherent challenges thereon.
'ue to this, $ was motivated to em0ark upon this project, with a view to
proffer a lasting solution to them.
".0" BACKGROUND OF STUDY
$nstitutional properties is any development on land for social welfare of
community. "or e1ample, education center, health care properties, religious
development and charity home and any other organi;ation whose principal aim is
to participate in pu0lic affairs.
$nstitutional properties vary greatly in policy o0jectives in that some aim to
provide direct pu0lic services, designed to provide a commercial return for the
government and some are designed to provide an indirect social service. These
different aims generate their policy o0jectives and reflect the types of level of
interest with respect to the property.
#roperty management on the other hand, simply means the application of
skills in caring for a property and it surroundings and amenities in order to develop
a sound relationship 0etween the landlord and tenants and among tenants
themselves.
1!
#roperty management also involves leasing, managing, marketing, and
overall maintenance of real estate owned 0y others.
$n recent times institutional properties have undergone rapid set 0ack due to
management policies and this has lead to various levels premature o0solescence in
pu0lic 0uildings.
#u0lic institutional property is not designed for making financial returns
only 0ut is centred upon providing living accommodation of a reasona0le standard
at a rent that the tenants can afford.
The study focuses on institutional properties of higher learning in "ederal
#olytechnic $dah 0ecause of the challenges affecting them in order to provide a
critical review of the perceived challenges 0y identifying such challenges which
are management oriented and proffering solutions to such challenges. $n this
regard, the dissertation will critically e1amine the topic of discussion, come up
with a conclusion, summary and recommendations that will 0e of immense use
for those who might devote their time to the management of institutional
properties.
".02 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
&ostels form integral portion of the institution, others includes
administrative 0lock, lecture halls, medical centre, staff <uarters amongst others.
6ike other forms of residential properties spread across the country. The
Management of "ederal #olytechnic $dah &ostel entails 0oth the structures and all
forms of infrastructure and amenities provided to make it 0oth conducive and
ha0ita0le for the student to ena0le them function ade<uately within the academic
environment.
This project centers on how institutional properties are 0eing managed. The
peculiar pro0lems with institutional properties are>
1G #oor management of hostel environment
2G #oor student ha0it with regard to hygienic%saniti;ation of the hostel and its
environment
11
3G Misuse of hostel facilities 0y the student
2G o routine check=up or maintenance of the hostel such as repainting and
replacement of damaged or non=functioning facilities etc.
This study is targeted to enumerate at enumerating the challenges of managing
institutional properties.
".0# AIM AND OB$ECTIVES OF STUDY
The aim of this dissertation is to e1amine the challenges of managing
institutional properties with particular emphasis on "ederal #olytechnic $dah
&ostels and with a view of making the hostel livea0le for students.
The following o0jectives are set to meet the aim>
1G To identify the complaint of the student.
2G To identify the challenges inherent in such properties
3G To e1amine the management strategies adopted for the management challenges
of "ederal #olytechnic $dah &ostels.
2G To offer suggestions and make appropriate recommendations on ways of
improving the management of "ederal #olytechnic $dah &ostels, so as to achieve a
clear and conducive properties.
".0% SCOPE OF STUDY
The property portfolio of "ederal #olytechnic $dah consists of the
Administrative 3lock, 6ecture &all, )ervice Area, )taff :uarters and )tudents
&ostels among others, which all re<uire effective and efficient management
challenges to achieve the o0jectives of the institution.
The researcher main area of coverage is EThe -hallenges of Managing
$nstitutional #ropertiesF. A case study of The "ederal #olytechnic $dah which
focuses on hostel accommodation within the institution.
Meanwhile the polytechnic consists of seven hotel accommodation which
are $nikpi, /maodoko, Amina for girls. @hile Ayeg0a, 3ello, Awolowo and
A;ikiwe &ostel for 3oys.
12
"or the purpose of precision, the researcher deem it fit to limit herself to a
si;ea0le scope of coverage which are /maodoko and $nikpi &ostel. As such
research is to 0e carried on the aforementioned hostel which will 0e generali;ed to
the rest of the hostel in the institution.
".0& RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
The hypothesis for this research is 0ased on the sample evidence and
pro0a0ility theory to determine whether.
&o> Management of &ostel Accommodation as pu0lic institutional property is not
effective.
&i> Management of &ostel Accommodation as pu0lic institutional property is
effective.
".0' SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The significance of this study cannot 0e over emphasi;ed 0ecause The
"ederal #olytechnic $dah &ostel forms an integral feature of the institution and the
<uality and effectiveness of its management will 0ring a0out the attainment of the
o0jectives of the institution.
$t is hoped that this study will 0e of consideration source of knowledge to
school authorities, students and professionals in the construction industry as handy
reference material for property management.
".07 LIMITATION OF STUDY
The following are the o0stacles and constraints encountered7
"! T()* F+,-./01
This is 0y far was the greatest challenges to overcome, 0ecause now you
are working with limited time to prepare, gather, source out information, and even
getting ade<uate information.
2! F(2+2,(+3 C.20-/+(2-01
This also was another difficult challenges due to inade<uate of finance to
find the effectiveness of the research to cover the scope of the study.
13
".04 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF STUDY AREA
The "ederal #olytechnic $dah is one of the seven polytechnic esta0lished 0y
the "ederal Military ?overnment under 'ecree ! 33 of 8uly 1*+*. Dnder the
regime of /0asanjoHs administration, as $dah -ollege of Technology along three
others, as an aggressive attempt 0y the then Military Administration to provide
solutions to the pro0lem of the Middle 3elt level of manpower in the country as
0acked 0y the 'ecree ! 33, 29th 8uly, 1*+*. The 'ecree spelt out the function of
the #olytechnic as follows>
1G To provide fulltime courses of instructions and training in technology,
applied sciences, commerce and management and in such other field of
applied learning relevant to the needs of the development of igeria in
cloth of industries and agricultural production and distri0ution and for the
research in the development and adoption of techni<ues as the council
may from time to time determine.
2G To arrange conference, seminars and study of groups relative to the field
of learning specified a0ove.
3G To perform such other functions as in the opinion of the council may serve
to promote the o0jectives of the #olytechnics.
/n Monday 2Cth ovem0er, 1*C!, the institution came to life with eleven
academic staff, nineteen senior administrative staff and si1 supporting staff
as well as 22! pioneer, a competitive entrance e1amination as well as
student population of /ne &undred and (ighty distri0uted among two
schools namely7
The )chool of (ngineering Technology and The )chool of 3usiness all
with &'%' programme running presently. At the "irst -onvocation 1*C3,
other departments were esta0lished with full '%&' courses running.
The development of the institution was 0ased on a master plan drawned up
0y The "ederal Ministry of (ducation 1*++, under historical land areas of a0out
12
123! hectares spanning part of Dwowo, /g0og0o and /kenya Aillage was
ac<uired.
The polytechnic was connected to (#A ?rid in 1*C+ now #&- #lc,
with accomplishment of all workshops and la0ourers using heavy e<uipment are
operational. The #&- grid is not always constant, it is supplement 0y 0ig
generator plants. The polytechnic provides porta0le water I0orehole=supplyG. A
modern comple1 li0rary newly constructed as formal one was 0urnt 0y re0elling
students in 2!!2. an $-T -enter for students payment of school fees and course
registration, also, accessing the internet 0y the student and staff and keeping
records on information of students.
".09 DEFINITION OF TERMS
(! C5+33*26*01 /1ford Advanced 'ictionary Bth edition defines challenges as
new or difficult task that test some0ody a0ility and skill.
((! F+,(3(-(*01 /jo I1**+G defined facilities as those e<uipments that are for the
comfort, enjoyment and protection of the occupants as well as those that ensure
the economic useful life of the property, such as electricity, power generator etc.
(((! I20-(-7-(.21 This is defined 0y /1ford Advanced 'ictionary as an organi;ation
esta0lished for social, educational, religions etc purposes e.g as a university.
(8! M+2+6*)*2-1 Thorncroft I1*B9G defined Management as EThe )cience of
organi;ation and operation or at the practical level the act of directing and
conducting affairsF.
8! P/.9*/-:1 According to /lusegun I2!!3G, he descri0ed property as involving
the concepts of right, which can 0e held separately.
19
CHAPTER TWO
2.00 LITERATURE REVIEW
$n most properties or cooperative 0uildings 0oth private and pu0lic
accommodation and institutional properties, management plays a key factor during
the lifecycle of such properties. $n the main time, this chapter deals with what
various te1t0ooks, journals, maga;ines, ga;ette and scholars have said a0out the
topic in <uestion.
2.0" CONCEPTS OF PROPERTY MANAGEMENT
#roperty Management is a multi=faceted activity that draws various
disciplines like (conomics, 6aw, #sychology, Accountancy and some other fields
of study. 3ut it is essentially rooted in the field of land economy.
#roperty management is defined 0y Thorncroft, M. I1*B9G as the direction
and supervision of an interest in landed property with the aim of securing optimum
return, this return need not always 0e financial, 0ut may 0e in terms of social
0enefits, status, prestige, political power or serve other goals or group of goals.
$ts practice includes the use of other resources 0esides land and 0uildings
and its success, not only the e1tent to which it achieves its aim, 0ut also 0y the
economy effort, money and material with which this aims are achieved. $t is 0y
this criterion, the <uality of good property management is judged.
According to Ddechukwu -.( I2!!BG> #roperty Management is the act of
directing, supervising and controlling interest on land and landed property in such
a way and manner that will enhance its functionality and promote its life to ena0le
it yield optimal return. #roperty Management is the most difficult aspect of the
profession 0ecause property presents all sources of comple1ity. A #roperty
Manager may also 0e re<uired to manage a property portfolio, which is likely
more comple1 than managing a property.
#roperty Management in its widest sense implies the whole act of selecting
and operating a landed property with regards to maintaining the <uality of the land
1B
and 0uilding fa0ric and to preserving and improving the income earning capacity
in line with the stakeholder re<uirements.
Management is a rational process concerned with the achievement of
o0jectives and may 0riefly 0e descri0ed as the process of creating an environment
for organi;ed effort to accomplish group of goals.
Management is a continous, lively and fast developing science.
Management is needed to convert the disorgani;ed resources of men, machines,
materials and methods into a useful and effective enterprise.
According to Theo &aimann, EManagement is the function of getting things
done through people and directing the efforts of individuals towards a common
o0jectives.
$n #roperty Management, property is static while management is dynamic
factor to 0e applied on the static to produce the desired results.
The word #roperty means something capa0le of ownership while the word
Management is defined 0y /1ford Advanced 6earnerHs 'ictionary IBth editionG,
as the control and making of decisions in a 0usiness or similar organi;ation.
&ence, #roperty Management in relation to appeal property means the control and
organi;ation of property lifecycle. "rom raw land through the preparation of 0ills
of <uantities for its development to its maintenance, refur0ishment regeneration
and sometime 0ack to the space. An estate surveyor in proactive #roperty
Management practice to ensure that his clientHs interest and investment are
protected to ma1imise profit. &e must maintain a good landlord Ihis clientG and
tenantHs relationship.
2."." FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
The functions of management remain the same whether people, assets or
procedure are 0eing directed and controlled. They include includes the followings>
iG "orecasting
iiG #lanning
iiiG -ommanding
1+
ivG -o=ordinating
vG -ontrolling
(! F./*,+0-(261 Management involves making decisions, which affect the future,
0ut 0efore this can 0e made, it is necessary to make allowance for the conditions
that may lies ahead. "or e1ample, one of the factors for any economic enterprise to
consider is the future nature and level of demand for its product. The main
commodity relevant to estate management is accommodation or shelter in form of
houses, offices, shops, factories, land and 0uildings of every kind.
"orecasts are made partly 0y analysis and interpretation of o0taina0le facts
and partly 0e guesses, in which there is often an element of su0conscious analysis.
$n order to 0e effective, every forecast must 0e 0ased on a time hori;on short,
medium or long.
((! P3+22(261 #lanning involves defining organi;ational goals and proposing ways
to reach them. Managers plan for three reasons>
- To esta0lish an overall direction for organi;ationHs future.
- To identify and commit the organi;ationHs resources in achieving its goals.
- To decide which activities are necessary to do so.
#lanning can 0e defined as the process of making decisions on what course of
action shall 0e followed. 3y this definition, planning involves making
prediction or forecasting a0out certain course of action. $t would 0e inadvisa0le
to plan for the future without making relia0le forecast. $f facts can 0e used in
making forecast, the planning decisions are likely to 0e more relia0le. The first
step in the planning process is to identify the goals of organi;ation, secondly,
search for opportunities, thirdly, translate the opportunities into selected
courses of action and the fourth, set specific targets. "inally, continue to review
and revise the initial plan in the light of its effectiveness in actual performance.
(((! C.))+2;(261 This is concerned with creating a high morale among the
persons engaged in and undertaking 0y them a sense of purpose for their work.
Morale is fostered 0y taking command and giving prompt and clear decisions
1C
where they are re<uired7 0y fairness in the treatment of staff of tenants as the
case may 0e.
(8! C.<./;(2+-(261 -o=ordinating means creating a structure of relationship
that will ena0le employees to carry out management plans and meet its goals.
-o=ordinating can also 0e unification of effort 0y which activities of all
sides of a 0usiness aim at achieving common o0jectives and follows common
policies. @ork performed 0y different individuals in the firm should o0viously
0e co=ordinated if company o0jectives are to 0e met. $f each organi;ational
mem0er were to define his own performance output without giving
consideration to its relationship to work performed 0y other individuals in the
firm, a high degree of organi;ation chaos could result. "or e1ample, a #lant
Manager in a manufacturing firm must co=ordinate the work of engineering
production and <uality control so that the items meets re<uired specification.
(ssentially, managerial co=ordination is affected 0y providing information
to su0ordinates and other organi;ational mem0ers. This has to 0e followed 0y
influencing individuals concerned to accept the content of their massages.
8! C.2-/.33(261 -ontrol is a process 0y which a person or organi;ation
consciously monitors performance and takes corrective actions. -ontrolling is
that activities which measures performance and guide actions towards some
predetermined targets. /ther words which can 0e su0stituted for controlling in
management are regulating, checking and monitoring.
These essence of control falls into three parts>
aG )etting up standards as the result of declared policies.
0G Making regular periodic comparison with these standards and
cG Taking corrective actions where re<uired.
2.".2 FACTORS AFFECTING MANAGEMENT
The following are the factors responsi0le for the management of
institutional properties.
(! Material used
1*
((! Dses of property
(((! Ages of the property
U0*0 .= -5* P/.9*/-:1 This is one of the factors affecting the management of any
property. (ach property is 0eing designed for certain function. @hat we discover
today is that some properties are not 0eing used for purpose which they are
originally 0eing designed for and these often results into pro0lem.
"or instance, some institution are provide for shelter 0ut the occupants has
turn this to a place of market and this has a direct 0earing in the management.
L(=* C:,3* .= + B7(3;(261 This is the physical nature of the property which 0y
nature of things is 0uilt up and then decline through wear and tear until it is
necessary to tear away the old 0uildings and replace them with new ones.
There are five principal stages of 0uildings>
"! P/*<D*8*3.9)*2- S-+6*1 This is a virgin site for which there is a 0uilding
potential. $t is usually on the fringe of an ur0an settlement, it has a floating
development value which only needs an investment decision to 0ring it 0ack to a
development process.
This stage may also apply to a site that has 0een developed previously 0ut
whose former 0uildings are totally o0solete and have 0een cleared away.
2! N*>3: D*8*3.9*; S-+6*1 (1cept in the case of a newly erected 0uilding for
which there is no demand, this stage is usually the one where ma1imum use is
derived from the estate. ote that all marks of and indices of o0solescence are
necessarily e1cluded as imperfections in planning and construction as well as the
time lag 0etween the conception and completion of the scheme.
#! M(;;3* A6*1 This is usually the longest stage in the life of a 0uilding. $t
commences as soon as the advantages of 0eing new have disappeared and closes
when the signs of o0solescence are noticed. The process of parching, repairing,
adding and improving, preserve the 0uilding for a considera0le time.
2!
%! O3; A6*1 The 0uilding reaches old age when its future life 0ecomes
predicta0le, whereas a 0uilding in the middle age is often treated as perpetual for
valuation purposes.
&! T.-+3 O?0.3*0,*2,*1 "inally, the stage of complete o0solescence is reached
when the old 0uildings and layout have little or no value as they stand. $f all goes
well, clearance and redevelopment follows <uickly 0ut some factors can prevent
this.
"irstly, the site might have in sufficient value to justify demolition of the
old structure and its replacement 0y something new.
)econdly, the pattern of redevelopment may re<uire changes in the si;e and
shape of the site that cannot 0e secured at once.
Thirdly, it can happen that although the 0uilding is physically worn out, it
continues to command use and income. $t retains therefore, a value Isometimes a
high oneG and is not strictly o0solete, from the economic point of view.
IDdechukwu -.( 2!!BG.
2.02 GENERAL FEATURES OF INSTITUTIONAL/PUBLIC PROPERTIES
The features of institutional properties are>
1G $nstitutional%pu0lic properties cover a wide range of real estate investments
which are held not only for the generation of revenue or economic of
financial gain 0ut also for social, political and cultural 0enefits.
2G They have a strong <uasi=monopolistic element and often includes certain
income producing real estate with uni<ue elements and characteristics not
typically found in income producing properties.
3G They are usually designed and used to perform special services or
functions
2G They are rarely sold or e1changed in the market and tend to enjoy a near
a0solute monopoly. They are speciali;ed due to the difficulty of o0taining
conclusive evidence of compara0le transaction in their respect.
21
9G $nstitutional properties vary in terms of si;e, physical features,
management organi;ation, policy o0jectives and degree of pu0lic control
and accounta0ility.
2.0# E@AMINATION OF MANAGEMENT OF INSTITUTIONAL
PROPERTIES
$nstitutional properties is a development on land for social welfare of the
community. $nstitutional properties can 0e owned and controlled 0y individual,
private organi;ations, government authorities and government agencies.
$nstitutional properties vary greatly in policy o0jectives in that some aim to
provide direct pu0lic service, designed to provide a commercial return for the
government, and designed to provide an indirect social service. The principle
relating to their management will vary depending on the underlying o0jectives of
the particular property. "rom o0jectives or goals, pertinent policies are formulated.
/0jects associated with varying institutional properties have 0een identified7
(! T. 9/.8(;* ;(/*,- 97?3(, 0*/8(,*1 They include the provision of #olice )tation,
#risons, )chools and #u0lic 6i0rary. The policies to 0e associated with these
properties will 0e given direct pu0lic services.
/n the other hand, the o0jectives of a private estate in most cases is to
achieve ma1imum financial 0enefit and this will influence the management policy
of the estate. The (state Manager always orients his management policies towards
achieving optimum o0jectives for the owner. "or e1ample, the schools, -oal
-orporation, their management is generally toward optimum 0enefit consistent
with its o0jectives.
((! I20-(-7-(.2+3 P/.9*/-(*0 ;*0(62*; -. 9/.8(;* +2 (2;(/*,- 0.,(+3 0*/8(,*01 $n
this case, where the government provides indirect social services, the occupiers or
owners will not 0ear the total cost of the services, so there is an element of
su0sidy.
22
$n a few cases, the rents charged on these properties are nominal and the
management policy will give some su0sidy and recover only part of the cost of the
investment.
(((! #roperties designed to provide a commercial return for the government>
@hereas estate designed to provide social services help a limited group of the
community, commercially managed properties serves the pu0lic as a whole, 0y
earning an income, which goes to meet the cost of pu0lic e1penditure. "or
e1ample, the "ederal #alace &otel. The strategy here is to ma1imi;e financial
profita0ility or may include provision of accommodation of tourist depending on
the o0jective of the pu0lic authority concerned. Thorncroft M. I1*B9G.
2.0% CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED WITH MANAGEMENT OF HOSTELS
E$n general principles of #roperty Management, there are pro0lems that are
normally encountered in the management of hostels. At this juncture, it is worth
while to 0riefly discuss these general pro0lems 0efore going to the field Istudy
areaG to collect data for analysis on the su0ject matter. )ome of the challenges are
highlighted 0elow>
- 'ispute
- 6ack of funds
- 3ureaucratic pro0lem
- (lectricity supply
- 5efuse disposal pro0lems
- ,eeping of inade<uate records
(! D(097-*
The issue of dispute 0etween the students occupying the hostels of
The "ederal #olytechnic $dah always occur and creates a 0ig pro0lem for
management.
&owever, management does not only involve managing the hostels,
0ut also the management of student in the hostels. &uman Management is one
of the most difficult work of management.
23
((! L+,A .= F72;01 As peculiar with any management esta0lishment, finance is
a major constraint that hinders the effective management of the hostels. There
is no ade<uate finance for meeting management o0ligations 0y the "ederal
?overnment in order to manage the hostel of "ederal #olytechnic $dah.
(((! B7/*+7,/+-(, P/.?3*)1 Although The "ederal #olytechnic $dah has a
maintenance unit within the school who are rested with the responsi0ility with
the management of the hostels. They are esta0lished and put in place 0y the
'irector of works and services. The maintenance unit must seek approval from
the 'irector of @orks and )ervices in order to carryout any management work
and there might 0e delay on such approval, there0y making management duties
to 0e delayed.
(8! E3*,-/(,(-: S7993:1 $t was revealed that electricity supply is not sta0le
and this could 0e traced to non=availa0ility of power supply and stand0y
generator resulting in erratic power supply.
8! R*=70* D(09.0+3 P/.?3*)01 $t was revealed that refuse disposal is one
of the major pro0lems encountered 0y the students of the hostel 0ecause
refuse are not disposed on time. @here refuse are disposed on time, it
0reeds rodent and pest which can spread diseases and increase health
ha;ard from the hostels.
8(! K**9(26 .= I2+;*B7+-* R*,./;01 This is also one of the pro0lems
militating against the effective management of the hostels. )chedule of
inventory of fitting and fi1tures are not properly documented and this
has caused a lot of pro0lems for the students who are a0out taking
possession.
22
2.0& SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW
This chapter 0asically discussed the following topics, concept of property
management, functions of management, factors affecting management, ?eneral
features of institutional%pu0lic properties, challenges associated with management
of hostels. These challenges are>
1G 'ispute
2G 6ack of funds
3G 3ureaucracy
2G (lectricity supply
9G 5efuse disposal pro0lems
BG ,eeping of inade<uate records etc.
29
CHAPTER THREE
#.00 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
$t is important in the course of carrying out a research of this nature to
adopt a particular method. The research methodology descri0es the procedure
followed in reali;ing the goals and o0jectives of this project. This involves
ade<uate description of the research design, the data collection instrument, and
method of data collection.
Thus, this chapter focuses on the major procedure followed in the method
and the mode of data collection.
#.0" SOURCES OF DATA
"or the purpose of this research work, data from 0oth primary and
secondary sources were utili;ed.
A! P/()+/: S.7/,*1
The primary data include sources where data is primarily o0tained from
fields survey and <uestionnaire administration, personal interview and sampling
techni<ues that are raw and yet to 0e analy;ed.
B! S*,.2;+/: S.7/,*01
)econdary source are those that were o0tained from various files and
schedule, te1t0ooks, internet and related project work, professionals journals, etc.
secondary data are mostly introduced to raw data as they always provide the
necessary theories, thesis and hypothesis to support the fact of the data.
#.02 DATA COLLECTION TECHNIQUES
The data collected for this work were gathered through certain
methodology techni<ues, which includes7 personal interview, visual o0servation,
<uestionnaire, te1t0ooks and the mo0ile li0rary.
+! P*/0.2+3 I2-*/8(*>1
$t 0ecomes indispensa0le that oral discussion with concerned persons 0e
carried out. $t helped in eliciting for relevant information. &ence, series of
discussion were held and result o0tained from such interviews were particularly of
2B
immense assistance to the research. Thus, some students in the hostel were
interview.
?! V(07+3 O?0*/8+-(.21
This is concerned with the visit into the students hostel in <uestion as truly
identify the challenges encountered in the management of institutional property.
,! Q7*0-(.22+(/*1
$t is concerned with administration of <uestionnaire that the respondents
are a0le and willing to communicate the desired information written in the
<uestionnaire.
;! T*C-?..A01
5eferences were made to te1t0ooks pu0lished 0y reputa0le authors in the
0uilt of environment and other hand.
*! M.?(3* L(?/+/:1
This involves internet%electronic li0rary, through which relevant data
concerning the research were gathered. 5elevant we0sites were accessed in the
course of this, through visitation of various information and communication
technology centers.
#.0.# POPULATION AND SAMPLE SIDE
The sample for this study was made up of /madoko and $nikpi &ostels
which were selected from the seven hostels in The "ederal #olytechnic $dah.
/madoko has total of 22 rooms with 22B 0ed spaces while $nikpi &ostel
has 22 rooms also with the total num0er of 32! 0ed spaces making the grand total
of CC num0er of rooms and 9BB num0ers of 0ed spaces respectively.
9! respondents were selected from /madoko, $nikpi and @orks
'epartment which is maintenance team that is saddled with the maintenance of
properties in The "ederal #olytechnic $dah.
2+
#.0% DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION TECHNIQUES
The entire data which have 0een gathered through field survey, interviews,
oral discussions, personal o0servation, <uestionnaires, review of literature have
0een analy;ed and presented using ta0le.
#.0& HYPOTHESIS TEST STATISTIC
The researcher started with such statement as>
&o> ull hypothesis
&i> Alternative hypothesis
These hypothesis after 0eing framed in analytical framework, the null
hypothesis will 0e tested in chapter four of this research work.
The hypothesis are then framed into statistical language after which
statistical procedure utili;ed in resting the hypothesis with the use of chi=s<uare
IJ
2
G as a parameter test. The result from it will then 0e documented.
The formular for computing chi=s<uare IJ
2
G test statistics is as follows>
J
2
K I"o L "eG
2
"e
@here, "o K an o0served fre<uency in a particular category
"e K An o0served fre<uencies in a particular category
2C
The distri0ution can 0e shown 0elow.
-hi= s<uare distri0ution for In=1G degree of freedom
K Ir L $G Ic L $G from contingency ta0le.
@here, r K um0ers of numerate rows
- K um0er of numerates columns
6evel of significance and critical J
2
value
6evel of significance, K !.!9
2*
!.*9
J
2
J
2
)cale
#ro0a0ility
Accept &o
5eject &o
!.!9
CHAPTER FOUR
%.00 PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
The primary o0jective of this chapter is to e1amine in details the data
collected, test of the descriptive analysis and present the result together with the
aid of ta0le to 0e a0le to deduce reasona0le findings, conclusions and
recommendations.
%.0" DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
This chapter contains two sets of <uestionnaires. The first is for the student
in female hostels, while the second set is for the @orks and )ervice 'epartment.
2! copies were administered to students in $nikpi &ostel while 12 copies were
retrieved. 2! copies were administered to students in /madoko &ostel while 19
copies were retrieved. Also 1! copies were administered to @orks and )ervice
'epartment while + copies were returned without any error or defection in
answers.
%."." QUESTIONNAIRE DISTRIBUTION
As shown on the ta0le one 0elow, 2! <uestionnaires were administered to
students in $nikpi &ostel while 12 were retrieved representing 3C.*M, 2!
<uestionnaires were administered to students in /madoko &ostel while 19 were
retrieved representing 21.+M, also 1! <uestionnaires were administered to @orks
and )ervice 'epartment while + were retrieved representing 1*.2M.
T+?3* "1 Q7*0-(.22+(/* D(0-/(?7-(.2
Attri0ute :uestionnaire
Administered
:uestionnaire
5etrieved
#ercentage IMG
5etrieved
$nikpi 2! 12 3C.*
/madoko 2! 19 21.+
@orks 'ept 1! + 1*.2
Total 9! 3B 1!!
)ource> )urvey :uestionnaire, 2!11.
ANALYSIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE RETRIEVED FROM STUDENTS
3!
(ffort were made in drawing up the <uestionnaire in order to gather the
re<uired information a0out the hostels, the <uestions were made in a more simple
form, so as to avoid am0iguity in the mind of the student.
%.".2 OCCUPANCY RATIO
The ta0le 0elow shows the num0er of student in each room in the hostel.
"our respondents representing 13.CM state that rate of occupancy in a hostel range
from 1 L 2 persons, + respondents representing 22.1M said 9 L + persons while 1C
respondents representing B2.1M said C persons and a0ove which have the highest
fre<uency, which indicate that availa0le facilities will not 0e enough for student in
the hostel.
T+?3* 21 O,,79+2,: R+-(.
Attri0ute 5espondent "re<uency #ercentage IMG 5etrieved
1 L 2 persons 2 13.C
9 L + persons + 22.1
C persons N a0ove 1C B2.1
Total 2* 1!!
)ource> )urvey :uestionnaire, 2!11.
%.".# HOSTEL STATE OF REPAIR
"rom the ta0le 0elow, it shows that the hostel is in a poor state of repairs. $t
reveals that 2 respondent representing B.*M said that the state of repair in the
hostel is e1cellent, B representing 2!.+M said good, 1B respondent representing
99.2M said poor while 9 respondents representing 1+.2M says the state of repair is
0ad.
T+?3* #1 H.0-*3 S-+-* .= R*9+(/
Attri0ute 5espondent "re<uency #ercentage IMG 5etrieved
(1cellent 2 B.*
31
?ood B 2!.+
#oor 1B 99.2
3ad 9 1+.2
Total 2* 1!!
)ource> )urvey :uestionnaire, 2!11.
%.".% CONDITION OF SERVICES IN THE HOSTEL
The ta0le 0elow shows the responses to the condition of services in the
hostel, the findings shows that the condition of services in the hostel are in fair
condition while some are in 0ad condition or provision. This is due to inade<uate
supply and lack of maintenance of those facilities%services.
T+?3* %1 C.2;(-(.2 .= S*/8(,*0 (2 -5* H.0-*3
Attri0ute Aery good ?ood "air 3ad Aery 3ad Total
@ater supply = 1! 19 2 = 2*
(lectricity = B 13 1! = 2*
Toilet and 3athroom = = B 2! 3 2*
?ardening = = 9 1C B 2*
)ecurity 1 2 11 13 = 2*
'isposal of refuse 3 9 13 9 3 2*
)ource> )urvey :uestionnaire, 2!11.
%.".&1 P/.)9- R*09.20* .= W./A0 D*9+/-)*2- -. R*9+(/ C.)93+(2
T+?3* &1 P/.)9- R*09.20* .= W./A0 D*9+/-)*2- -. R*9+(/ C.)93+(2
Attri0ute 5espondent "re<uency #ercentage IMG 5etrieved
Aery promptly 3 1!.3
#romptly 12 21.2
"air 12 2C.3
#oor = =
Total 2* 1!!
)ource> )urvey :uestionnaire, 2!11.
32
The a0ove ta0le shows how @orks and )ervice 'epartment respond to the
complains of students in the hostel when pro0lem occurred. This reveals 3
respondents representing 1!.3M said very promptly, followed 0y 12 respondents
representing 21.2M said promptly, then 12 respondents representing 2C.3M said
the respond of @orks 'epartment is fair.
%.2.0 ANALYSIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE THAT ARE RETRIEVED FROM
WORKS AND SERVICE DEPARTMENT
The data collected are those retrieved through <uestionnaire and direct
interview conducted to ena0le the maintenance department to e1patiate on their
responses and other matters relevant to this study 0ut not included in this
<uestionnaire.
%.2." A/*+ .= S9*,(+3(E+-(.2 .= R*09.2;*2-
T+?3* '1 A/*+ .= S9*,(+3(E+-(.2 .= R*09.2;*2-
Attri0ute 5espondent "re<uency #ercentage IMG 5etrieved
3uilding 2 2C.B
(ngineering 3 22.*
3usiness related profession = =
Architect 2 2C.B
Total + 1!!
)ource> )urvey :uestionnaire, 2!11.
The a0ove ta0le shows the area of speciali;ation of the respondents. This
reveals that 2 respondents representing 2C.BM are 3uilders, 3 respondents
representing 22.*M are (ngineers, while 2 respondents representing 2C.B are
Architects.
%.2.2 V(0(-+-(.2 .= -5* H.0-*30 ?: W./A0 +2; S*/8(,* D*9+/-)*2-
T+?3* 71 V(0(-+-(.2 .= -5* H.0-*30 ?: W./A0 +2; S*/8(,* D*9+/-)*2-
Attri0ute 5espondent "re<uency #ercentage IMG 5etrieved
'aily 1 12.3
@eekly 1 12.3
Monthly = =
As the need arises 9 +1.2
Total + 1!!
)ource> )urvey :uestionnaire, 2!11.
33
The a0ove ta0le shows that the visitation of the hostels 0y the maintenance
team is not encouraging. $t reveals that 1 respondent representing 12.3M said daily
and weekly respectively while 9 respondents representing +1.2M maintenance
team visit the hostel as the need arises.
%.2.# A--(-7;* .= S-7;*2-0 T.>+/;0 H+2;3(26 .= -5* H.0-*3 F+,(3(-(*0
T+?3* 41 A--(-7;* O= S-7;*2-0 T.>+/;0 H+2;3(26 O= T5* H.0-*3 F+,(3(-(*0.
Attri0ute 5espondent "re<uency #ercentage IMG 5etrieved
)atisfactory = =
?ood 1 12.3
"airly good 2 2C.B
3ad 2 9+.1
Total + 1!!
)ource> )urvey :uestionnaire, 2!11.
The a0ove ta0le shows that 1 respondents representing 12.3M said the
students attitude towards handling of hostel facilities is good. 2 respondents
representing 2C.BM said it is fairly good, while 2 respondents representing 9+.1M
said attitude of students towards the handling of hostel facilities is 0ad.
%.2.% M+(2-*2+2,* +2; )+2+6*)*2- 9.3(,: +;.9-*; ?: -5* 9.3:-*,52(,
T+?3* 91 M+(2-*2+2,* +2; )+2+6*)*2- 9.3(,: +;.9-*; ?: -5* 9.3:-*,52(,.
Attri0ute 5espondent "re<uency #ercentage IMG 5etrieved
$n=house 3 22.*
/ut=sourcing 1 12.3
/ut=tasking 3 22.*
Total + 1!!
)ource> )urvey :uestionnaire, 2!11.
The a0ove ta0le shows that 3 respondents representing 22.*M said that, the
polytechnic adopted in=house policy in maintenance and management of hostel in
"ederal #olytechnic $dah, 1 respondents representing 12.3M said, the polytechnic
out=sourced to a managing organi;ation outside the polytechnic while managing
organi;ation outside the polytechnic while B representing 22.*M said the
32
polytechnic adopted B representing 22.*M said the polytechnic adopted out=
tasking policy.
%.2.& GENERAL PROBLEMS IN MANAGING HOSTEL
$n The research carried out, it was revealed that there are lots of pro0lems
affecting the management of hostel, among these pro0lems are lack of funds,
management pro0lems, student related pro0lems and others.
39
T+?3* "01 A2+3:0(0 .= -5* G*2*/+3 P/.?3*)0 (2 M+2+6(26 H.0-*3
Attri0ute 5espondent "re<uency #ercentage IMG 5etrieved
6ack of fund 2 9+.1
Management pro0lems = =
)tudents related pro0lems 3 22.*
Total + 1!!
)ource> )urvey :uestionnaire, 2!11.
The a0ove ta0le emphatically revealed the general pro0lems associated with
the management of hostel in The "ederal #olytechnic $dah, 2 representing 9+.1M
respondents attri0uted to it lack of funds, while 3 respondent representing 22.*M
said it was due to students related pro0lems.
%.2.' ANALYSIS OF RESPONDENTS VIEW ON MANAGEMENT OF
HOSTEL BY THE POLYTECHNIC.
T+?3* ""1 A2+3:0(0 .= R*09.2;*2-0 V(*> .2 M+2+6*)*2- .= H.0-*3 ?: -5*
P.3:-*,52(,.
Attri0ute 5espondent "re<uency #ercentage IMG 5etrieved
Aery effective 2 13.C
"airly effective 12 21.2
ot effective C 2+.B
/thers 9 1+.2
Total + 1!!
)ource> )urvey :uestionnaire, 2!11.
The a0ove ta0le shows the level of management of hostels 0y the
polytechnic IThe "ederal #olytechnic $dahG. 2 respondents representing 13.CM
view that management of hostel 0y The "ederal #olytechnic $dah is very effective,
12 representing 21.2M view that it is fairly effective, C representing 2+.BM view
that management of hostel 0y the polytechnic is not effective while 9 respondents
representing 1+.2M falls under others.
%.02 TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
As earlier stated, a total of 3B <uestionnaires were properly filled and
returned. 2* copies were filled and returned 0y students in girls hostel while +
copies were filled and returned 0y @orks and )ervice 'epartment. And <uestion
3B
! 1! of the study <uestionnaire was frame to test the hypothesis of this work.
The 0elow is the statement of hypothesis7
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
&o> Management of &ostel Accommodation as a pu0lic institutional property is
not effective.
&i> Management of hostel accommodation as a pu0lic institutional property is
effective.
Aery effective
(ffective
ot effective
/thers
The result from the respondents were ta0ulated as shown in contingency
ta0le 0elow.
R*09.20*
F/*B7*2,:
V*/: *==*,-(8* F+(/3: *==*,-(8* N.-
*==*,-(8*
O-5*/0
/0served "re<uency 2 12 C 9
(1pected fre<uency +.29 +.29 +.29 +.29
-onclusion could 0e drawn 0ased on !.!9 level of significance using -hi=
s<uare IJ
2
G to test that the data provides strong evidence that the management of
hostel accommodation as a pu0lic institutional property is not effective.
STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS
&o> Management of hostel accommodation as a pu0lic institutional property is not
effective.
&i> Management of hostel accommodation as a pu0lic institutional property is
effective.
LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE AND CRITICAL @
2
! VALUE
6evel of significance, !.!9
K 2*
'egree of freedom K Ir L 1G Ic =1G from contingency ta0le
3+
@here, r K num0er of numerators rows
- K um0er of numerators columns
d.f K I2 =1G I2 L 1G
K I1G I3G
K 3
@ith !.!9 level of significance and degree of freedom K 3, the critical -hi=
s<uare IJ
2
G value can 0e read from statistical ta0le to 0e +.C19.
Acceptance of rejection region of ull &ypothesis, !.!9 level of
significance and degree of freedom K 3 from J
2
distri0ution.
D*,(0(.2 R73*1
Accept &o> $f the test statistic satisfies the e<uation
J
2
+.C19 otherwise reject &o if J
2
+.C19.
C.)97-+-(.2 .= S-+-(0-(,
3C

+.C19

J
2
-hi=s<uare
)cale critical value
#
r
o
0
a
0
i
l
i
t
y

'o not reject
5eject &o
!.*9 !.!9
R*09.20*
F/*B7*2,:
O?0*/8*;
F/*B7*2,:
EC9*,-*;
F/*B7*2,:
F. F F*! F.<F*!
2
F. F F*!
2

F*
Aery effective 2 +.29 =3.29 1!.9B29 1.2B
"airly effective 12 +.29 2.+9 22.9B29 3.11
ot effective C +.29 !.+9 !.9B29 !.!C
/thers 9 +.29 =2.29 9.!B29 !.+!
Total 2* 9.39
J
2
K I"o L "eG
2
"e
J
2
K 9.31
D*,(0(.21
The null hypothesis I&oG is accepted since the computed test statistic shows
a value of 9.3. This figure satisfies the e<uation for acceptance of &o which J
2
O
+.C19.
I2=*/*2,*1
Management of hostel accommodation as a pu0lic institutional property is
not effective.
%.0# DISCUSSION OF RESULT
"rom the test of hypothesis result, it was revealed that management of
hostel accommodation as a pu0lic institutional property is not effective due to
some challenges, at though this challenges can 0e out=wayed if certain policies and
rules are adopted or enacted.
$t implies that from the result of study <uestionnaires, the respondents were
a0le to indicate that The "ederal #olytechnic $dah hostel is not effectively
managed due to some factors which are student and management related pro0lems,
poor attitude of students in the handling of hostel properties and facilities, poor
management policies and ha0it in the provision of ade<uate or first=class hostel
facilities alongside carrying out of repairs%maintenance 0y the management due to
inade<uate funding.
3*
$n conclusion, to attain efficiency in the management of hostel
accommodation as an institutional property, ade<uate fund is needed to 0e
allocated for the said purpose, out=right out=sourcing of the hostel to 0etter
organi;ation who has the professional manpower to handle such function or to
employ the service of an (state )urveyor and Aaluer who is an e1pert in that
regard. The management also need to provide ade<uate facilities in the various
hostels, gardening which will add aesthetic%0eauty to the whole surrounding and
finally, students should 0e checked through vigorous rules and regulations.
2!
CHAPTER FIVE
&.0.0 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATION AND
CONCLUSION
This chapter summari;ed the result of finding so as to proffer appropriate
recommendations. "urther areas of research were e<ually stressed, after which a
suita0le conclusion is drawn up.
&.0." SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
"rom analysis of findings through various e1amination from -hapter Two
and "our respectively, the following findings have 0een reached7
iG &ostel Accommodation as an institutional property is inade<uately
managed.
iiG Management of &ostel accommodation in the pu0lic institution is suffering
from inade<uate funding.
iiiG That student in general mishandle%a0use hostel facilities or properties.
ivG )tudents do not promptly complain to the management as regarding default
in the hostel property and pro0lem in the vicinity%environment.
vG That most of the complain forwarded to the management 0y the students
were not properly handled.
viG "acilities such as water supply, electricity, waste disposal 0in, were not
ade<uately provided which will provide more comforta0ility to the
student with a view to supporting their primary aim in the school.
21
&.0.2 RECOMMENDATIONS
(ffective management of institutional properties i.e hostels are very
important 0ecause some likely challenges that may arise in the course of managing
the property will reduce. &owever, the following are recommendations of the
researcher7
1G 3ased on the findings of the study, it is recommended that the strategy
adopted in the management of hostels should 0e improved upon. This can
0e achieved when the institution IownershipG, especially The "ederal
#olytechnic $dah outsource the properties to professional property
manager.
2G There should 0e ade<uate awareness on management pro0lems of the
hostels and finance and time dedicated should 0e made availa0le when
needed in order to enhance property management.
3G #reventive maintenance should 0e approached in the hostels where regular
inspection is carried out in order to keep it in good condition worthy of
market value.
2G -onsidering the foregoing recommendation, the @orks 'epartment should
0e reconstituted to serve as supervisory units for the recommended
property management.
9G Alternatively, (state )urveyors and Aaluers should 0e saddle with the
management of hostel accommodation in "ederal #olytechnic $dah 0ecause
of their professional touched in the field.
22
&.0.# AREAS OF FURTHER RESEARCH
The researcherHs work is Ethe challenges of managing institutional property,
a case study of The "ederal #olytechnic $dah ?irls &ostel. /ther works with
similar topic can make further research into the following areas like7 The facilities
in the hostels and the general maintenance of infrastructures in the school hostels
etc.
&.0.% CONCLUSION
The findings reveals that management of hostel as an institutional property
in The "ederal #olytechnic $dah is challenging 0ut efficiency could 0e attain if
ade<uate policies is 0een put in place 0y the management which includes out=
sourcing of the hostel, ade<uate provision of fund and other recommendations
forwarded or 0ench=marking from other institutions who have achieved
remarka0le success in the management of hostel facilities.
$t is hoped that if the recommendations made in this research work is
adhered to, management of hostel in The "ederal #olytechnic $dah will attain
remarka0le success and proficiency which will also enhance more comforta0ility
of the students living in the hostel along side positive improvement on the level of
academic e1cellence to 0e attained.
23
REFERENCES
wankwo, #.-. I1**9G> Property Management. 6agos> #elin 6imited.
/lajide, ).(. and (san /. /. I1**BG> Introduction to Estate Management and
Valuation. 6agos> "emlight #roduction.
/lusegun, ,.?. I2!!2G, Property Valuation, Principles and Practice. 6agos.
-lima1 #u0lishers.
/sunlana, A.A. I2!!*G> Challenges of Managing Public Property.
6agos> Dnpu0lished work.
Thorncroft, M. I1*B9G> Principles of Estate Management. 6ondon> (state ?a;ette
Ddechukwu, -.(. I2!!BG> Introduction to Estate Management. 6agos> Treem
igeria 6imited.
22
APPENDI@
'epartment of (state Management,
)chool of (nvironmental )tudies,
"ederal #olytechnic $dah,
#.M.3 1!3+,
$dah,
,ogi )tate.
============================
============================
SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE FOR PRO$ECT DISSERTATION
$ am a final year &igher ational 'iploma I&'G student in the
'epartment of (state Management, The "ederal #olytechnic $dah, ,ogi )tate.
$ am on fact findings mission with a view to having relia0le information
regarding EThe -hallenges of Managing $nstitutional #ropertiesF. A case study of
The "ederal #olytechnic $dah &ostel.
4ou are therefore re<uested to assist the researcher in answering the
<uestions contained in the <uestionnaire.
$ assure you that the information ac<uired shall 0e purely used for academic
purpose, as it shall 0e given the optimum confidentiality and anonymity it
deserves.
$ appreciate your prompt response at the earliest convenience.
Thanks.
4ours faithfully,
Musa M. Titilayo
"#$%&'%()M%!*%2+!
29
QUESTIONNAIRE ADMINISTERED TO THE WORKS DEPARTMENT
FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC IDAH, KOGI STATE.
,indly indicate your responses 0y filling appropriately the 0lank space Etick
where necessary and comment where applica0leF Thank you.
1G @hat is your statusP
aG )enior staff
0G 8unior staff
2G @hat is your area of speciali;ationP
aG 3uilding
0G (ngineering
cG 3usiness related profession
dG Architect
3G &ave you ever carryout repairs on the hostelP
aG 4es
0G o
2G @hich of the following facilities are in acute supply in the hostelP
aG (lectricity
0G @ater
cG @aste disposal
dG /thers specify .....................
9G @hat is the general state of the following facilitiesP
aG @ater
0G (lectricity
cG @aste disposal
dG Toilet and 0athroom
eG )ecurity
2B
)atisfactory ?ood
Average #oor Aery poor
BG @hat is the general attitude of the students towards handling of the hostel
facilitiesP
aG )atisfactory
0G ?ood
cG "airly good
dG 3ad
+G &ow do you carryout inspection of the hostelsP
aG 'aily
0G @eekly
cG Monthly
dG As the need arises
CG @hich policy do the #olytechnic adopt in carrying out maintenance and management
of its hostelsP
aG $n Lhouse
0G /ut=sourcing
cG /ut=tasking
*G @hat are the general pro0lems in managing hostelsP
aG 6ack of fund
0G Management pro0lems
cG )tudents related pro0lems
dG /thers specify ........................................................................
1!G #lease comment on the way forward towards effective management of &ostels.
...............................
...............................
...............................
...............................
...............................
2+
QUESTIONNAIRE ADMINISTERED TO THE STUDENTS IN FEMALE
HOSTELS FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC IDAH, KOGI STATE.
I20-/7,-(.201
,indly indicate your response 0y filling appropriately the ta0le space Etick where
necessary and comment where applica0leF. Thank you.
1G @hich of the hostels do you occupiedP
aG $nikpi
0G /madoko
cG Amina
2G @hat level are youP
aG &'
0G '
3G &ow many are you in a roomP
aG 1 L 2 persons
0G 9 L + persons
cG C persons and a0ove
2G &ow comforta0le are you in your roomP
aG Aery comforta0le
0G "airly comforta0le
cG ot comforta0le
9G @hat is the condition of services provided in the hostelsP
aG @ater supply
0G (lectricity
cG Toilet and 3athroom
dG ?ardening
eG )ecurity
fG 'isposal of refuse
2C
)atisfactory ?ood
Average #oor Aery poor
BG @hat is the condition of the following 0uilding components in the hostelsP
aG 5oof
0G -eilings
cG 'oors and @indows
eG @alls
fG "loors
+G $s the hostel appropriately managedP
aG 4es
0G o
CG &ow do they respond to your complainP
aG Aery promptly
0G #romptly
cG "air
dG #oor
*G &ow do they inspect the propertyP
aG 'aily
0G @eekly
cG Monthly
dG As the need arises
1!G &ow do you view the management of hostel 0y the polytechnicP
aG Aery effective
0G "airly effective
cG ot effective
dG /thers specify ...................
11G #lease comment on other pro0lems you have encountered while in the hostel
................................
12G -omment on the way forward this effective management of hostel accommodation in
the polytechnic
.................................
2*