Holiday or vacation?

Grammar
question tags
present perfect simple: just /
already / yet
Vocabulary
British English vs.
American English
Functions
checking information
talking about recently
completed activities
1 Listen
a

What can you see in the photos? E
U
N
I
T
04
square = the result of
multiplying a number by
itself
ten times = something
multiplied by ten
inland = areas that are a
long way from the coast
o
b
j
e
c
t
i
v
e
s
b

Work with a partner. Look at the sentences about North
America and decide if each one is correct or incorrect.
If it is correct, write A. If it is incorrect, write B.
1 Canada is much bigger than the USA.
2 Canada is far more densely populated than the USA.
3 Vancouver is the biggest city in Canada.
4 The population of Toronto is only 2,500,000.
5 New York is the biggest city in the USA.
6 Vancouver is in the west of Canada.
7 People speak French in the west of Canada.
8 Lots of Spanish people live in Vancouver.
9 Baseball is very popular in Vancouver.
10 It takes thirteen hours to drive from Vancouver to
San Francisco.
c 01:19 Now listen and check your answers.

36

37

Extra Practice Workbook
2 Grammar
question tags
a Match the two parts of each sentence. Then listen to Morgan
and Janies conversation again to check your answers.
1 Youre Canadian, a isnt it?
2 Its smaller than the USA, b arent they?
3 It isnt Vancouver, c havent you?
4 Cities in the USA are much bigger than that, d arent you?
5 Youve been there, e do you?
6 You dont know much about Canada at all, f is it?
b The questions in Exercise 2a have tags at the end. Tags
are short questions which we use to check facts or make
conversation. Complete the rule.
With positive statements, we usually use a
question tag. Youre Canadian, arent you?
With negative statements, we usually use a
question tag. It isnt Vancouver, is it?
With be, modal verbs (can, must, should, will, might),
have got and the present perfect, we repeat the auxiliary
verb in the tag. Youve been there, havent you?
With all other verbs, we use (dont) / does
(doesnt) / (present simple) or (didnt) (past
simple).
People speak French in Canada too, dont they?
You didnt see Sam last night, did you?
r
u
l
e
c Are the following tags correct or incorrect? If they are correct,
tick the box. If they are incorrect, correct the mistakes.
0 Hes American, isnt he?
t the he mm

0 You dont know him, does he? do you

1 You will come to the party, will you?

2 You cant come to the party, can you?
3 They went to New York, dont they?
4 She goes to your school, dont she?
5 Youve seen that lm, havent you?
6 She shouldnt do that, shouldnt she?
d Write the question tags.
0 He saw us, didnt he

?
1 They dont live here, ?
2 She likes chocolate, ?
3 You cant come on holiday with us, ?
4 They went sailing, ?
5 He goes to the same music class as you, ?
6 Youve heard this song, ?
7 She hasnt done that, ?
Its Che Guevara.
Who is your favourite
historical character?
You dont like heavy
metal, do you?
3 Speak
a

Work in groups of four. Ask
and answer each other about
who your favourite actor,
sportsperson, historical
character and scientist is.
b Now, say three facts that
you think are true about this
person. Use question tags.
He was born in
Argentina, wasnt he?
He was a revolutionary,
wasnt he? He died in
Bolivia, didnt he?
c Work with a partner. Ask and
answer using question tags.
Use the words in the box.
heavy metal basketball
fourteen years old a at
Russian the USA Italy
sister good cook

38

4 Read
a

Read the text quickly. Who thinks free Wi-Fi is a good idea? Who thinks it isnt a good idea?
Should Vancouver have
free wireless Internet?
Vancouver is thinking about providing a Wi-Fi network
for the downtown area. The city hasnt decided yet,
but the network will probably be free.
Should it be free? Or should people pay for it?
Post your comment!
TONY
I agree with Anne. A lot of people have already
bought Wi-Fi for their homes they dont need it in
the street! Spend the money on other things, things for
teenagers! The city hasnt built enough schools or parks yet.
b Read the text again. Look
at the sentences below and
decide if each one is correct
or incorrect. If it is correct,
write A. If it is incorrect,
write B.
E
1 The city doesnt know
yet if the Wi-Fi will
be free.
2 Vancouver is the rst
city to think about free
Wi-Fi.
3 In many cities, people
pay $10 a month
for Wi-Fi.
4 Anne thinks she will
want to write emails
in her garden in
the future.
5 Anne thinks there is a
very good bus system
in Vancouver.
6 Tony thinks Vancouver
needs more parks.
5 Vocabulary
American and British English
a

Match the British English words with the American English
words in the box. Try to pronounce them.
candy pants truck soccer subway garbage
elevator cookies sidewalk apartment
British English American English
1 trousers
2 lift
3 at
4 biscuits
5 sweets
6 football
7 underground
8 lorry
9 rubbish
10 pavement
b 01:20 Now listen to Morgan and Janie and check your
answers. Repeat the pronunciation. Imitate the speakers.
Vancouver: Your Opinion!
KEN
Its a good idea but Im sure it wont be free. Other
cities have tried and it hasnt stayed free. Most of them charge
about $10 a month. But people are happy to pay because then
they can use Wi-Fi in their gardens or in elevators. Ive already
said this, but Ill say it again: Wi-Fis a good idea, but Ive never
heard of a city where its stayed free for very long.
ANNE
Ive just read Kens post. Incredible! I dont want to write
emails from an elevator or my garden! I think this is going too
far. There are other things the city government should spend the
money on for example, more sidewalks or a better bus system.
39

Into grammar
1 Present perfect simple:
already and yet
a Look at the examples. Underline other
examples of the present perfect simple
in the text on page 38. Then complete
the rule.
A lot of people have already bought Wi-Fi
for their homes ...
The city hasnt decided yet ...
We form the present perfect simple
with the verb and the
of the main verb.
We use already in positive sentences.
We use yet in questions and negatives.
We put already between have and the
.
We use at the end of
the sentence or question.
r
u
l
e
b Write the statements and questions. Use
the present perfect and yet or already.
1 A: Have you seen the new James Bond

lm yet?
(you / see / the new James Bond lm?)
B: Yes, and .
(I / buy / the DVD too)
2 A:
(your brother / go / to university?)
B: Yes, and .
(I / move / into his old bedroom)
3 A: I love their music but .
(I / not buy / their new CD)
B: Well, dont buy it!
and its awful.
(I / listen to it)
4 A: Paul, .
(you / do / your homework?)
B: Nearly. .
(I / nish / the Maths, but I / not start /
the Geography)
Learner tip!
My brother has gone to university.
(Not: My brother is gone to university.)
c Federico is going on holiday tomorrow. This is
the list of the things he has already done () and
the things he hasnt done yet (). Write complete
sentences with already and yet.
He has already bought a book to read on the plane.
He hasnt packed his suitcase yet.

buy book to read on plane
recharge mobile phone
choose clothes
water plants
pack suitcase
tidy bedroom
unplug TV
nd passport
2 Present perfect with just
a Look at the example. Then complete the rule.
Ive just read Kens post.
We can use with the
present perfect to say that an action
happened a very short time ago.
We put just between
and the .
r
u
l
e
b Use the words to make two sentences about each
picture. Use the present perfect with just and yet.
0 receive a text message / read
Shes just received a text message, but she hasnt
read it yet.
1 turn the computer on / start work

2 buy new bike / ride

3 eat dinner / do the washing-up

4 make a fruit smoothie / drink

5 get a takeaway / eat

0 1 2
3 4 5

New girl
1 Read and listen
a

01:21 Look at the photo story. There is a new student at school. Where is she from? What is
unusual about her? What do Joel and Pete think about her? Read and listen to nd the answers.
Pete: Whos that? A new student?
Debbie: Yeah, Natsumi. Her family have just
moved here from Tokyo. Her mums got a job
with a company in London.
Pete: Cool. She looks nice.
Joel: Youre not supposed to say that, Pete.
The girls might get jealous. Oh, theres the
teacher. End of fun!
During the lesson
Joel: Look at that!
Pete: Is she asleep right in the middle of
the lesson?
Joel: Shh! Dont wake her up. Maybe shes
dreaming about her boyfriend! What do you
reckon?
Pete: Good morning, Natsumi. Did you sleep
well?
Natsumi: I beg your pardon?
Joel: Sleeping in class. Thats the kind of thing
that makes teachers really angry.
Natsumi: Sorry, I have to...
Jess: And thats the kind of thing thats going
to make Natsumi angry with you.
Joel: Hang on, Jess. She fell asleep during the
lesson, not us.
Later in the school library
Debbie: Hey, have a look at this, you lot. Listen
to this. Japanese parents often tell their
children that if they sleep for more than
ve hours a night, they arent working hard
enough.
Pete: Five hours! Thats not a lot when you
think about it. No wonder she fell asleep
in class!

40

41

b Answer the questions.
1 What makes Debbie go on the Internet?
2 How does Petes opinion about Natsumi
sleeping in class change, and why?
2 Everyday English
a Find expressions 15 in the photostory.
Who says them? How do you say them in
Italian?
1 Youre not supposed to
2 in the middle of
3 What do you reckon?
4 the kind of thing
5 No wonder
b Complete the dialogues with the
expressions in Exercise 2a.
1 A: Come and help make dinner.
B: I cant! Im my
homework!
2 A: The teacher had a small accident with
his car on the way to school.
B: Really? he was so
unhappy in the lesson this morning.
3 A: At my dads ofce, they dont have to
wear suits and ties any more.
B: Its not a bad idea. On a hot day, a suit
and tie is that
no-one wants to wear!
4 A: You know, Mike, Im thinking about
getting a tattoo. ?
B: Well, thats cool, I like tattoos. But
Andy get a tattoo
without your parents permission, OK?
3 Role play
Work with a partner. Take two minutes
to prepare a short role play. Try to use
some of the expressions from Exercise 2a.
Do not write the text, just agree on your
ideas for a short scene. Then act it out.
Basic idea: Its the next day. Pete explains to
Natsumi why he and his friends thought it
was funny when she fell asleep in class. He is
asking her questions about her school in Japan.
4 DVD
DVD Episode 2
a

The girls in the photo are goths. Do you
like their outts? Why/Why not?
b What do you think Debbie, Joel, Pete and Jess
think of goths?
c Imagine your best friend decided to become a
goth. Would that change your relationship in
any way? If not, why not? If so, how?
d Some adults react very strongly when a
teenager has an unusual outt. What do you
think of such reactions?
e Watch Episode 2 and nd out what happens.
Pronunciation p126
CD1 T22

42

Into exams
Canada is the second biggest
country in the world, isnt it?
1 The capital of Canada is Ottawa / Toronto.
2 The biggest lake in the world is in Canada and the
USA / Canada.
3 American football / Basketball is the most popular
sport in the USA.
4 About 5% / 10% of people in the USA speak Spanish
as their rst language.
5 The singers Avril Lavigne and K. D. Lang are
Canadian / American.
2 Speak E
Work with a partner.
Student A: Read below. Student B: Turn to page 139.
Student A
a

Look at the sentences below. In sentences 15, you can see the correct answer.
In sentences 610, circle what you think is the correct answer.
6 Canada is the second biggest / third
biggest country in the world.
7 There are 50 / 51 states in the USA.
8 About 200 million / 300 million people
live in the USA.
9 Alaska is part of Canada / the USA.
10 The singers Mariah Carey and Cher are
Canadian / American.
1 Write E
a

Read Marcos letter to Lucy.
Answer the questions.
1 Which museums and art galleries
has Marco already seen?
2 Has he travelled on the Tube yet?
3 Where did he go yesterday, and
what did he think of it?
4 What has he bought as a present
for Lucy?
5 Has he been on the London Eye yet?
b

Imagine that you are on holiday in
North America for the rst time.
Write an email to an English-speaking
friend. Tell him / her what you have
and havent done. Try to use some of
the information that you have learnt
about North America in Unit 4.
b Now work with Student B. Check your answers
for sentences 610. Help Student B check their
answers for sentences 15.
Canada is Ot
ences below
0, circle w
Hi Lucy!
Ive just read your email. Thanks a lot. Its good to
know youre missing me!
So here I am in an internet caf near Piccadilly Circus
writing to you. I cant believe it! Were having a really
great time. Weve already seen lots of museums and
art galleries the British Museum, Madame Tussauds,
The Tate Modern and The National Gallery and it
feels like weve walked hundreds of miles! In fact
we havent used the Tube or the buses at all so far.
Yesterday we went to Camden Market on the canal
and saw some really cool shops and stalls. I found
the perfect present for you there a little jacket. Its
wicked! Im sure youll like it. We havent been on the
London Eye yet, but Ive seen it from the Millennium
Bridge, the pedestrian bridge that crosses the
Thames. We might do that tomorrow.
I must go now weve decided to eat Chinese in
Chinatown tonight.
Wish you were here with us! Write back, OK?
Love,
Marco
PS: I nearly forgot. It hasnt rained once!
1 Marco begins his email with Hi Lucy! This is typical
of an email to a friend or someone you know well.
2 He nishes his email with Love, Marco. This too is
typical of an informal email to someone you know well.
3 Marco thinks of something else to say after he has
written his name. He introduces this with PS.
Useful tips
43

Learner tips!
U
n
i
t
s

3

a
n
d

4
We use will when we are sure that
something will happen in the future.
We can use may/might when we think
there is a possibility that something will
happen in the future.
We can use may/might (not) instead
of expressions like maybe, perhaps,
its possible + will/wont.
a

Rephrase the sentences using may or
might (not).
0 Its possible that I will be there tomorrow.
I may be there tomorrow

.
1 Im not sure if Jane will be at the party.
Jane

.
2 There is a possibility that the headmaster
is in his ofce. The headmaster
3 Perhaps it will rain in the evening. It

.
4 Maybe private cars will not be allowed
into city centres in the future. Private cars

.
5 Theres a chance that we will give up
our cars and cycle everywhere. We

.
English rst conditional sentences = if
+ present simple + will/wont (future)
Italian rst conditional sentences = se
+ presente + presente / se + futuro +
futuro
b Some of the following sentences contain
a mistake. Put a tick () next to the
correct sentences. Rewrite the incorrect
sentences.
0 When youll come to Italy, Ill take you to
Venice.() When you come to Italy
1 When you are old, youll remember these
days.
2 If private cars will be forbidden in the
town centre, pollution levels will drop.
3 We miss the train unless we get a taxi to
the station.
4 If we go on holiday together, well have
a great time.
5 Were going to a concert tonight. If you
decide to join us, you nd me at home
until 7 pm.
In Italian we form the past of some verbs
with essere and some with avere. In
English, we only use have for the present
perfect simple, not be.
c

Complete the sentences with the correct
present perfect forms of the verbs.
0 My brother has not come (not come) home
yet. I wonder where he is.
1 Were not going to the beach this afternoon.
The weather (change).
2 A: Would you like something to eat?
B: No, thanks. I (already
have) lunch.
3 A: Hi, this is Jack. Is Liz at home, please?
B: No, Im sorry. She
(already go) out.
4 I (just nish) reading this
book, and I (already forget)
the names of the characters.
We use yet only in negative sentences
and questions (not yet = non ancora)
We can use still with a similar meaning
in afrmative sentences (still = ancora)
d Read the sentences. Insert yet, still or
already in the correct position.
0 Hes young. Hes still young.
1 I havent met him.
2 We have had lunch.
3 Has she been to Italy?
4 I heard this joke ages ago, but I nd it funny.
5 My mother hasnt read the newspaper.
Refer to Units 3 and 4 before you do
this exercise.
e

Circle the correct alternative.
0 These books weigh / weight 30 kilos.
1 The weather its possible that will change /
may change next week.
2 If I go / ll go to the match, I tell / ll tell you.
3 My brother has / is gone to Prague.
4 Shes yet / still very young.
5 Have you met my sister already / yet?
6 I have already seen / seen already this lm.

44

1 Grammar
if / unless + rst conditional
a Complete the sentences with the correct forms
of the verbs.
0 If I clean (clean) the house, my parents will
give (give) me some extra money.
1 If Tom (invite) me, I
(go) to the party.
2 If you (speak) very fast, they
(not understand) you.
3 If Marco (phone) tonight,
you (tell) him Im
out?
4 Your parents (not know) if you
(not tell) them.

4
b Complete the second sentence so that it means
the same as the rst.
0 If you dont leave now, youll miss the train.

Unless you leave now, youll miss the train.

1 Unless we have some unexpected problems,
well be there on time.

2 Bill will go to Chicago for the summer unless
he fails his exams.

3 If it doesnt rain, well go to the beach.

4 Dont call me unless its really necessary.

5 If people dont change their ways, global
warming will get worse.

6 You wont learn anything if you dont listen to
your teachers.


6

question tags
c Complete the questions with the correct
question tags.
0 You wouldnt like a kitten, would you

?
1 Carlos Italian, ?
2 They havent seen that lm, ?
3 You will remember to call me, ?
4 Dan went to the concert, ?
ww
Into progress
5 Your parents dont like you staying out late,
?
6 You love heavy metal, ?
7 Its a lovely day, ?
8 John should see a doctor, ?

?
8

present perfect simple;
just / already / yet
d Complete the sentences with the correct
form of the present perfect simple.
0 John s just had (just have) his breakfast.
1 you (buy)
your sister a present yet?
2 We (already nish) our
homework.
3 Marta (see)
the lm yet?
4 My parents (just come)
home. Ill phone you later.
5 Theyre late, they (not
arrive) yet.

5
e Complete this internet prole using just,
already, yet.
Hi there!
My names Ben Barnes, and Im 15 years old.
My interests are music, computers and
travelling.
I play the lead guitar in a band called Cool
Cats, and after only a year weve
0
already
had quite a lot of success only locally, of
course, but we often play at parties. We
havent made a CD
1
, but thats
next on our agenda.
I spend a lot of time using the computer and
Ive
2
bought a new one that we
can use for recording. The softwares quite
complicated, so I havent really worked out
how to use it
3
.
Ive
4
travelled quite a lot. Ive
5
recently come back from a really
great holiday in Barcelona. Have you been
there? Its great!
Well, thats all for now, folks! Get in touch!
Ben

5
45


present perfect simple
vs. past simple
f Use the prompts to write mini-dialogues.
Use the present perfect simple or the past
simple.
0 A: you / see/ that new horror lm?
Have you seen that new horror lm?
B: yes, I have.
A: when / see / it? When did you see it?
B: see / it / last week I saw it last week.
1 A: Maria / ever / be / London?
B: yes
A: when / go / there?
B: go / a study holiday / two years ago




2 A: you / meet / the new neighbours / yet?
B: no / when / they / move in?
A: they / move in / Saturday




8

2 Vocabulary

the environment
a Write sentences or denitions for these
words.
drop (v) trafc jam global warming
recycle rubbish waste (v) pick up
rainforest power station trafc fumes
0 Please dont drop litter in the street.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

9
U
n
i
t
s

3

a
n
d

4

American and British
English
b Match the British English words with
the American English words. Then write
sentences.
sweets pavement lorry
trousers at football lift
biscuits Underground rubbish
elevator soccer subway truck
apartment sidewalk pants
cookies garbage candy
0 The British say sweets, but the Americans
say candy.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

9
3 Translate
Translate the following sentences.
1 Non riuscir a farlo, a meno che tu non
mi aiuti.
2 Se arriviamo in ritardo potremmo perdere
laereo.
3 Se non hai un passaporto valido non ti
faranno partire.
4 Non andr alla festa, a meno che tu non
venga con me.
5 Ho appena ricevuto una email da Fiona.
6 Abbiamo gi prenotato i biglietti per il
concerto di Justin Timberlake a Milano.

no.
6
Grammar 30 36 20 29 0 19
Vocabulary 11 18 5 10 0 4
Translate 5 6 3 4 0 2