DNA Virus Attachment Entry (penetration/uncoating)

Adenovirus Fiber with knob

pH dependent, nucleocapisd
leaves endosome and travels
along microtubules to nucleus,
where it uncoats at a nuclear
pore.
+ stranded RNA Virus
Poliovirus
PVR receptor is an Ig
superfamily ptn found on
human neurons. It binds in a
"canyon" that runs around
the VP1 regions of the
pentamer
entry into cytoplasm and removal
of capsid. + RNA serves as mRNA
and is immediately translated. Has
VPg at 5' end rather than a cap. Is
translated as one long polyptn
and then selectively cleaved with
structural ptns saved for last (P1).
Viral ptn 2A cleaves translation
cofactors needed to recognize
host mRNA cap structures
Mononegavirales
Rabies Virus
G glycoptn used to attach to
cell surface. Recall that virus
is shaped like bullet with
G,M, N,L,and P ptns
endocytosis and uncoats in a pH
dpendent manner, and
nucleocapsid is released into
cytoplasm
Segmented '- RNA virus
Influenza
Hemagluttinin mediates
attachement to cell via sialica
acid and cleavage by host cell
proteases
endocytosis and pH dependent
fusion and uncoating. This
requires a pH drop inside the viral
particale as well which is
mediated by a channel known as
M2. Rimantidine and amantidine
target this ptn.
Double Stranded RNA virus
Rotavirus
HA, attachment requires
sialic acid and proteases
pH dependent or independent
Synthesis Assembly
IE genes make E1A ptns which signal to start
transcription of E genes, also VA gene to suppress
host translation. E genes promote DNA replication
(codes for pol II etc...). New DNA has exposed Late
gene promoter. Late gene is translated as a
polycistronic mRNA and then cleaved (contains
many structural ptns). pTP serves as a primer,
leaving a terminal ptn at the 5' end of all DNA
(adenovirus uses entirely leading strand synthesis.)
occurs in nucleus cuz unenveloped
particles are hydrophilic and dont
easily cross nuclear membrane
mRNA already translated has coded for an RNA
dependent RNA polymerase. Genome copied into -
strand RNA to serve as template with VPg cap
couple do each 5' end. Template is then copied
many times using "replicative intermediate"
P1 precursor is cleaved to VP0, VP1,
VP3 and five copies of these form a
pentamer. 12 pentamers to make a
shell. Once RNA enters, VP0 is
cleaved into VP2 and VP4. Final
maturation occurs ain cytoplasm as
paracrystalline inclusioin bodies
Has a VAP that is a RNA dependent RNA
polymerase. Transcription begins at the 3' end of
the genome, with monocistronic RNA's being
transcribed with each ORF, with each intergenic
region, probability of pol sticking with it decreases
so genes at the 3' end are much more likely to be
transcribed. All mRNA's are capped an
dpolyadenylated. the gene for N is the first and
when enough of N accumulates in the cytoplasm, it
will bind nascent RNA and tell pol to ignore
transcriptional stop/start signals and copy full
length '+ RNA as a template for replication.
G and M are trafficked to the cell
surface. G inserts into the cell
membrane and M accumulates
underneath eit and binds newly
synthesised nucleocapsids and
budding occurs
polymerase complex produces mRNAs, positive
sense RNA template and negative sense genomes.
Transcription is done in the nucleus because of
influenza's requirement for cap stealing
similar to mononegavirales. Notable
difference is the presence of
Neuraminidase which allows the
release of viral particles by the
digestion of sugar moities. Zanamivir
and osteltamivir target NA
Two phases: early mRNA serves for translation also
template for synthesis of complementary negative
strands. dsRNA is transcribed and the infectious
cycle enters into late phase with synthesis of
structural ptns.
sythesis of structural ptns triggers
self assembly
Release
when cell dies
cell death from polio induced
lysis. Observe cytopathic
effect from these
budding
when infected cell is lysed