Nona Gaprindashvili

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Nona Gaprindashvili
Nona Gaprindashvili
Nona Gaprindashvili at Bad Kissingen, 1982
Full name Nona Terentievna Gaprindashvili

Country Soviet Union
Georgia
Born 3 May 1941
Zugdidi, Georgian SSR, Soviet Union
Title Grandmaster
Women's World Champion 196278
FIDE rating 2350 (November 2012)
Peak rating 2495 (July 1987)
Nona Terentievna Gaprindashvili (Georgian: ; born 3 May 1941) is a Georgian chess
player, the sixth women's world chess champion (19621978), and first female Grandmaster. Born in Zugdidi,
Georgia (then part of the Soviet Union), she was the strongest female player of her generation.
In 1961, aged 20, Gaprindashvili won the fourth women's Candidates Tournament, setting up a title match against
Russian world champion Elisabeth Bykova. She won the match easily, with a final score of 9-2 (+70=4), and went
on to defend her title successfully four times: three times against Alla Kushnir (1965: 106; 1969: 127; 1972:
1211) and once against fellow Georgian Nana Alexandria (1975: 94). She finally lost her crown in 1978 to
another Georgian, 17-year-old Maia Chiburdanidze, by a score of 68 (+24=9).
Gaprindashvili played for Soviet Union in the Chess Olympiads of 1963, 1966, 1969, 1972, 1974, 1978, 1980, 1982,
1984, 1986, 1990, and for Georgia in 1992.
[1]
She was one of the contributing players of the USSR team that
dominated the women's Olympiads of the 1980s. She won as many as 25 medals, among which 11 team gold medals
and 9 individual gold medals.
[2]
At the Olympiad of Dubai 1986 she won all the ten games she played.
She was a five-times winner of the Women's Soviet Championship: in 1964, 1973, 1981, 1983, and 1985.
During her career Gaprindashvili successfully competed in men's tournaments, winning (amongst others) the
Hastings Challengers tournament in 1963/4 and tying for first place at Lone Pine in 1977, earning a grandmaster
Nona Gaprindashvili
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norm.
In 1978 Gaprindashvili became the first woman to be awarded the Grandmaster title. She was awarded the title after
scoring two Grandmaster 'norms' totaling 23 games, the last of which was winning Lone Pine 1977 against a field of
45 players, mostly grandmasters. Although she did not meet the technical requirements for the GM title, which
required 24 games, by exceeding the GM 'norm' requirement in Lone Pine, FIDE found her results equivalent to 24
games and made her the first woman Grandmaster. Not until Zsuzsa Polgar did another woman achieve the
Grandmaster title through regular tournament play.
[3]
In 1975 she had a perfume named after her.
In 2005, at age 64, Nona won the BDO Chess Tournament held in Haarlem, the Netherlands with a score of 6.5/10
and a performance rating of 2510.
[4]
In 2009 she won in Condino, Italy the World Senior Championship for women.
Precededby
Elisabeth Bykova
Women's World Chess
Champion
19621978
Succeededby
Maia Chiburdanidze
References
[1] OlimpBase: Women's Chess Olympiads, Nona Gaprindashvili (http:/ / www. olimpbase. org/ playersw/ pbjz9lbk. html)
[2] Only her compatriot Maia Chiburdanidze won more: 28 medals in 15 olympiads (15 individual and 13 team medals, of which 15 gold)
[3] Pal Benko wrote in Chess Life & Review (January 1979):
...Of course (Nona) had earned the "woman grandmaster" title awarded by the International Chess Federation
(FIDE), as have some two dozen other women. But she also earned the (men's) international master title,
becoming the first woman ever to have done so (Vera Menchik was probably strong enough to have earned
this title, but she died in 1943 (sic), long before the modern title system was adopted), and in Buenos Aires in
November 1978 FIDE bestowed upon Nona Gaprindashvili the (men's) international grandmaster title. Not
only is she the only woman ever to have received this title, she is the only woman ever to have deserved it.
It is regrettable, therefore, that she did not actually earn the title in the regular way: FIDE requires that to
earn the grandmaster title a player must achieve certain minimum scores in tournaments consisting of at least
twenty-four games in aggregate (the description is highly oversimplified, but you get the idea), and Nona was
two or three games short. Yet the FIDE Qualifications Commission voted to give her the title. In my opinion,
this historic occasion should not have been allowed to carry even this slight tarnish.
[4] http:/ / en. chessbase. com/ Home/ TabId/ 211/ PostId/ 4002621
External links
Nona Gaprindashvili (http:/ / ratings. fide. com/ card. phtml?event=13600125) rating card at FIDE
Nona Gaprindashvili (http:/ / www. chessgames. com/ perl/ chessplayer?pid=16111) player profile and games at
Chessgames.com
Article Sources and Contributors
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Article Sources and Contributors
Nona Gaprindashvili Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=603262857 Contributors: Adpete, Alsandro, Batareikin, Betacommand, Brittle heaven, Bubba73, BurkeDevlin, Causa
sui, Cmapm, CommonsDelinker, CyclopsScott, D6, Demon Witch, Downwards, Dr Zimbu, Dreamwire22, Explendido Rocha, FuriousRIOT, GFHund, Gabodon, Geagea, Gkb1337, I Do Care,
Ihardlythinkso, Ioannes Pragensis, Jetman, Krakatoa, LittleOldMe, MaxBrowne, Mibelz, Momirt, Monegasque, MrsHudson, Nixeagle, No65560, Quale, Rjbox, Rwalker, Sam Sloan, Sherbrooke,
Sonjaaa, Sophia91, Sosomk, SpuriousQ, SubSeven, Trekphiler, Udzu, Vincent de Ruijter, Voorlandt, WTHarvey, Waacstats, Wknight94, Woolworth, , 17 , anonymous
edits
Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors
File:Nona Gaprindaschwili 1982 Kissingen.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Nona_Gaprindaschwili_1982_Kissingen.jpg License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
Contributors: GFHund
License
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