REF 4.

HUMAN PERFORMANCE I
VFR
A H
8.1 BASIC PHYSIOLOGY
8.1.1 The atmosphere
composition and structure
the gas laws
oxygen requirement of tissues
8.1.2 The Circulation System
composition and function of the blood
the heart and circulation system
blood pressure
pulse rate
blood donation
ailments, recognition and treatment
8.1.3 The lungs
basic anatomy
breathing drive, gas transfer
ailments, recognition and treatment
partial pressure and effects of increasing altitude
hypoxia, types, symptoms and prevention
time of useful consciousness
effects of rapid decompression and decompression sickness
entrapped gases, barotrauma
hyperventilation, symptoms and treatment
8.1.4 High altitude environment
ozone A n/a
radiation A n/a
humidity A n/a
- effects of pressurisation A n/a
- oxygen masks and regulators A n/a
8.1.5 Vision
basic physiology of the eye
visual field, foveal and peripheral vision, the blind spot
monocular and binocular vision
visual defects and methods of correction
night vision
optical illusions
ailments and treatment
8.1.6 Hearing
basic physiology
measurement of and effect sound, noise and hearing loss
8.1.7 Equilibrium
vestibular system, function
detection of rotary, angular and linear acceleration
motion sickness, causes, symptoms and prevention
entrapped gases, barotrauma, valsalva
8.1.8 Integration of sensory inputs
spatial disorientation
types of illusions
prevention
- the senses
8.1.9 Acceleration

effects of positive and negative acceleration on: cardio-vascular
system, vision, limbs and lungs

8.2 Health and Hygiene
8.2.1 Personal hygiene
colds
influenza
gastro-intestinal upset
8.2.2 Problem areas for pilots
hearing loss
defective vision
hypotension, hypertension, coronaric disease
obesity
nutrition
tropical climates, epidemic diseases
diabetes, hypoglycaemia
8.2.3 Intoxication
tobacco
alcohol
drugs and selfmedication
various toxic materials
8.2.4 Incapacitation
symptoms and causes
gastro-intestinal
cardio-vascular
side effects of drugs and medication
epilepsy, faints
carbon monoxide poisoning
8.2.5 Stress
categories: acute , chronic
stages
causes, stressors
anxiety
identification and management
defence mechanisms
8.2.6 Fatigue
definition
types: acute, chronic
causes
symptoms
prevention and treatment
- tiredness
8.2.7 Body rhythm and sleep
circadian rhythms, disturbances
causes
symptoms
treatment
Sleep
types and functions
patterns
disturbances and treatment
8.3 BASIC AVIATION PSYCHOLOGY
8.3.1 The central and peripheral nervous system
- General adaptation syndrome
sensory threshold, sensitivity, adaptation
habituation
reflexes and biological control systems
8.3.2 Human information processing
8.3.2.1 Attention and vigilance
selective attention
divided attention
perception
confirmation bias
8.3.2.2 Memory
sensory memory
working (short term) memory
methods of increasing short term memory:
chunking, association, mnemonics
environment capture
long term memory
semantic, episodic memory
factors affecting long term memory
amnesia
motor skills
action slips
- learning and learning styles
- motivation and perception
- insight
- arousal
- cognition
8.3.3 Human behaviour
8.3.3.1 Personality
characteristics
individual differences in personality
self concept
attitude development
identification of hazardous attitudes
8.3.3.2 Behaviour and skills
categories:, skill based, rule based, knowledge based
errors
situational awareness
- human behaviour
8.3.3.3 Human factors, errors and reliability
- SHELL model
human error model
types of errors
- error chains
prevention and counter-measures
8.3.3.4 Judgement and decision making
decision making process
making and taking decisions
group versus individual decision making
influences on decision making
pilot judgement
perceptual judgement
cognitive judgement
8.3.3.5 Cockpit management
crew co-ordination
crew co-operation
- Automation
- complacency
-ergonomics
- cockpit lighting
- checklists (use and design philosophy)
8.3.3.6 Leadership
leadership style
democratic versus autocratic style
cockpit gradient
8.3.3.7 Communication
verbal communication
non-verbal communication
one-way and two-way communication
conflict management and resolution
- feedback
8.4 First aid and survival
8.4.1 - First aid
- Fainting
- Nose bleeds
- Food poisoning
- Dehydration
- Head injuries
- Bleeding
- Fractures
- Burns
- Shock
8.4.2 Survival
- Body temperature
- Survival equipment
- Survival at sea/water
- Survival in very cold climates
- Survival in very hot, arid climates
- Survival in a jungle