10 Trikova Shortcuts

Navigating the world of automation
2011 Automation Summit

Orlando, FL
Copyright Siemens Industry, Inc. 2011. All rights reserved.
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2011 Automation Summit
Title: Top Ten S7 Tips and Tricks
Track: NAPR
Topic: S7 PLCs
Presenter: Nick Shea
Company: DMC
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DMC Company Profile
Established in 1996, based in Chicago, IL
Service Companies Nationally & Globally
Siemens Solution Partner
Global Reach:
Canada China Georgia Czech Rep. Russia Philippines Mexico India
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Bio
Nick Shea
Senior Project Engineer at DMC
Engineering Physics
(University of Kansas)
With DMC since 2006
Top Ten S7 Tips and Tricks
You already know the fundamentals of S7 PLC
programming
And the mistakes to avoid (thanks, Tim)
Now, how do you develop, commission and
troubleshoot most efficiently?
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If you are an
External Developer:
How do you work most efficiently to provide the highest
value for your customer while increasing project profitability?
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If you are an
Internal Programmer:
How do you reduce start-up time for new equipment and
decrease production downtime while making modifications
or troubleshooting controls problems?
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Now take your development to the next Level!
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Tips and Tricks for:
1. Rapid Diagnostics / Troubleshooting
2. Rapid Development
3. Advanced Tools
Modular, Object-Oriented
Architecture with FBs and UDTs
#1
Modular, Object-Oriented Architecture with FBs
and UDTs
Best Practices for Controls Design Generally Accepted
Consistent Design and Documentation
Mechanical Design
Electrical Schematics
P&IDs
Software
and UDTs
Best Practices for Controls Design also includes:
PLC and HMI Projects
Naming conventions
Hardware architecture
Modular Software Architecture
Function Blocks
UDTs
and UDTs
Line 1
Mixer 1
Agitator
VFD
Discharge
Valve
Mixer 2
Agitator
VFD
Discharge
Valve
Mixer 3
Agitator
VFD
Discharge
Valve
Ventilation
Damper
Blower
Motor
Conveying
Pump
Motor
Distribution
Valve
System Architecture
and UDTs
fbMaster
fbMixer_1
fbVFD
fbValve
fbMixer_2
fbVFD
fbValve
fbMixer_3
fbVFD
fbValve
fbVentilation
fbDamper
fbMotor
fbConveying
fbMotor
fbValve
Program Architecture
(similar to system architecture!)
and UDTs
Example of High-Level Function Block:
fbMixer_1
fbVFD fbValve
and UDTs
Example of Device Level Function Block utilizing UDTs:
and UDTs
Variables encapsulated by udtHMI_VFD_Control
and UDTs
Variables encapsulated by udtErrors_VFD
and UDTs
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Motor Command
Function Block
Start
Stop
Speed SP
Engage Brake
Reset Error
Acceleration
Motor I/O
Function Block
Start
Stop
Speed SP
Engage Brake
Reset Error
Acceleration
Outputs Inputs
One variable is used
to pass multiple
pieces of information
Start
Stop
Speed SP
Engage Brake
Reset Error
Acceleration
Motor Command
Function Block
Command
Motor I/O
Function
Block
Command
Monitoring Instances of Function
Blocks
#2
Monitoring Instances of Function Blocks
There are two PLC modes and they are toggled in the CPU Properties on the
Protection tab: Process Mode and Test Mode.
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Default is Process mode.
Switch to Test Mode.
Download the hardware configuration.
This option is also shown in the Debug -> Operation dropdown menu from the
Ladder Editor
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Right-click on the block and select Monitor with Call-Up Path
Process Mode Test Mode
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Note!
As you probably expect, this does slow down the CPU cycle time so this should
only be used when necessary and always leave the final system with Process
Mode checked.
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Report System Error
#3
Report System Error
Siemens Support Website
FAQ: How can you report S7 system errors in WinCC?
FAQ: How can you have system error messages from a SIMATIC S7-300 / 400
displayed in WinCC flexible?
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Report System Error
End Result:
No (0) programming required!
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Report System Error
10 easy steps: (website has screenshots and full instructions)
1. Create S7 and HMI stations.
2. Add languages. Set English as default
3. Open the " Report System Error..." dialog in hardware configuration.
4. Activate the entries. Choose the OB blocks that will generate messages
5. Transfer blocks to the CPU. Download the generated blocks to the CPU.
6. Add a connection to the CPU from the WinCC flexible project (if needed)
7. Configure alarm settings. Activate Simatic SFM in the alarm procedure.
8. Configure alarm viewer to include S7 Alarms
9. Activate the check boxes in CPU Messages from Simatic Manager
10. Start WinCC flexible and enjoy your diagnostic messages!
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RAM Disk
#4
RAM Disk
When compiling an S7 project, many small files are read and written.
RAM Disk is RAM that is used as a disk drive via 3
rd
party software.
RAM Disk is orders of magnitude faster than other forms of storage media.
Weve reduced >10 min compile times to <3 min.
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Auto-Generate Symbol Table
#5
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The S7 PLC symbol table allows copy/paste directly from a spreadsheet such as
MS Excel.
If possible, develop your IO list in a compatible format
Alternatively, build a tool to convert it to a compatible format
For example, thousands of IO can be added into the symbol list in a few
minutes.
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Using Local Memory to Parse
Data
#6
Using Local Memory to Parse Data
Split data types into smaller pieces without using ST or SCL.
1. Assign a variable to TEMP memory.
2. Move data into the TEMP memory variable.
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Using Local Memory to Parse Data
Split data types into smaller pieces without using ST or SCL.
3. Access the TEMP or Local memory using the L prefix.
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Network Node Activating,
Deactivating, and Monitoring
#7
Network Node Activating, Deactivating, and
Monitoring
Dynamically activate and Deactivate
Profibus and Profinet Nodes
Using D_ACT_DP SFC12
Examples:
Modular Machines
Alternate Machine Configurations
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Network Node Activating, Deactivating, and
Monitoring
Monitoring Ethernet Nodes using RDSYSST SFC51
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Safety Programming
#8
Safety Programming
Leverage Siemens safety blocks
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Safety Programming
Safety program can be really simple or really complicated depending on the
application.
Example of implementing simple E-Stop safety functionality:
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Safety Programming
Always ON and OFF variables available inside F_GLOBDB datablock.
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Backup DB Data by Generating
Source
#9
Backup DB Data by Generating Source
A simple yet common problem when programming a Siemens Simatic S7-300
PLC is losing the data already stored in the PLC after downloading an updated
data block.
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In the normal case:
If you are simply adding items to the end of a flat data block (not adding items to
a user-defined type (udt) within the data block, for example) then to retain the
values of the data block follow these quick steps.
1. Go online with all of the blocks in Simatic Manager.
2. Copy the online version of the data block whose values you would like to
retain into your offline project.
3. Add the items to end of the data block.
4. Download - your values will be retained.
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A more complicated change to the data block such as adding items to a udt
used with the data block requires extra steps. Even if you have first saved a copy
of your online values prior to making the change, the values will be lost after you
save the change. Therefore, follow these extra steps.
1. Follow steps 1 and 2 above.
2. Open the datablock and Generate Source for the data block.
File -> Generate Source. This will save a version of your data block;
and the values in a file in the Sources folder.
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3. Make all changes that you need to the data block (not source code)
then Save and Close the data block.
4. Open the Source file you created and compile it. This will set all values in the
data block equal to the values you see in the Source file.
5. Download - your values have been retained.
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Keyboard Shortcuts
#10
Keyboard Shortcuts
Navigating / Searching
Cross Reference: Ctrl-Alt-Q
Find: Ctrl-F
Find Variables within a FC or FB: Ctrl-Shift-F (search forward)
or
Ctrl-Shift-B (search backward)
J ump to Network: Ctrl-E
Reference Data Interface: Ctrl-R
Open an FC or FB: Ctrl-Alt-O
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Keyboard Shortcuts
Development Shortcuts
New Empty Rung / Network: Ctrl-R
Normally open contact: F2
Normally closed contact: F3
Coil: F7
Empty Box: Alt-F9
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Keyboard Shortcuts
Monitoring / Diagnostics / Other Shortcuts
Monitor: Ctrl-F7
Module Information: Ctrl-D
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Keyboard Shortcuts
Monitoring / Diagnostics / Other Shortcuts
Operating Mode: Ctrl-I
Download: Ctrl-L
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Summary
Page 55
Summary Top Ten S7 Tips and Tricks
1. Modular, Object-Oriented Architecture with FBs and UDTs
2. Monitoring Instances of Function Blocks
3. Report System Error
4. RAM Disk
5. Auto-Generate Symbol Table
6. Network Node Activating, Deactivating, and Monitoring
7. Safety Programming Basics
8. Using Local Memory to Parse Data
9. Backup DB Data by Generating Source
10. Keyboard Shortcuts
Thank You
Nick Shea
nick.shea@dmcinfo.com
www.dmcinfo.com
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Navigating the world of automation

2011 Automation Summit

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