Introduction ...........................................................................

3
Past
Past Simple ............................................................................. 4
Past Progressive .................................................................... 5
Past Perfect ........6
Past Perfect Progressive ......7
Present
Present Simple ....................................................................... 8
Present Progressive .............................................................. 9
Present Perfect ..........10
Present Perfect Progressive ......11
Future
future Simple ........................................................................ 12
future Progressive .................................................................. 3
Future Perfect ...14
Future Perfect Progressive .......15








Form:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
Pronoun + verb in
past +
complement
Did + pronoun +
verb inf. +
complement
Pronoun + did
not/didnt + verb
inf. + complement +
?
Examples:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
I played with the
ball
I didnt play with
the ball
Did I play with the
ball?

Uses:
Se utiliza para describir acciones que han sucedido en
un tiempo anterior y que ya han finalizado











Form:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
Subject +
was/were + verb in
gerund +
complement
Subject + was
not/wasnt + verb
in gerund +
complement
Wh question + was
+ verb in gerund +
complement + ?
Examples:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIV
E
Alex was reading
a book
Alex wasnt
reading a book
What was he doin
g at ten o'clock
this morning?

Uses:
is used to discuss the development of a particular action
was happening at a given time. It is also used to express
an action taking place when someone interrupted and
also to refer to actions occurring simultaneously.




Form:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
Subject + had +
verb in past
participle +
complement
Subject + had
not/hadnt + verb
in past participle +
complement
Had + subject +
verb in past
participle +
complement
Examples:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
I had bought a
new car
You hadnt
cleaned the house
Had you brought
the gifts?

Uses:
is used to refer to an action that took place at a time
before another action, although both have happened
before establishing an order among them











AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
Subject + had +
been + present
participle
Subject + hadnt +
been + present
participle
question word +
had + subject +
been + present
participle
Examples:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
I had been
thinking about
work when she
rang me
I hadnt been
planning to go on
holiday this year
but I changed my
mind
What had you
been doing before
the teacher got so
angry?
Uses:
is used to show the order of the Shares in the past. In
addition this time is used to discuss actions that
continue for a time in the past or for Shares not
finished.




Form:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
Subject + verb in
infinitive/s +
complement
Subject + do
not/does not +
verb in infinitive +
complement
Do/does + subject +
verb in infinitive +
complement + ?
Examples:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
He plays with
the car
He doesnt play
with the car
Does he play with
the car?
Uses:
is used to describe habitual actions that happen
frequently and does not mention if it is happening at
the present time













Form:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
subject + Aux. To
be + Verb-ing +
Complement +
expression time

subject + Aux. To
be + Verb-ing +
Complement +
expression time

Aux. To be +
subject + Verb-ing +
Complement +
Expression Time + ?

Examples:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
Kelly is eating i
n her home
at the moment

Kelly is
not eating in
her home
at the moment
Is Kelly eating in
her home
at the moment?

Uses:
1. To describe events or actions that the subject is
performing when talking.
2. To talk about an action or plans that we will do in
the near future.




Form:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
Subject +auxiliary
verb ("to
have/has") + past
participle...

Subject + auxiliary
verb ("to
have/has") + "not"
+ past participle...

Auxiliary verb ("to
have/has") +
subject + past
participle...?

Examples:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
I've talked to
Peter
She hasn't gone to
work
Have you been to
London?
Uses:
The present perfect is for actions that occurred at a
specific time not used before now. The specific time is
not important. Therefore, we do not usually use specific
time expressions








Form:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
Subject + auxiliary
verb ("to
have/has") +
"been" + gerund.


Subject +auxiliary
verb ("to
have/has") + "not"
+ "been" + gerund.

Auxiliary verb ("to
have/has") +
subject + "been" +
gerund +?
Examples:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
They've been
talking for three
hours
They haven't been
talking for more
than a few
minutes
Have they been
talking for a long
time?
Uses:
We use this time when we would express the sense of
the continuity of an action that started in the past and
it is still going to this or that just ended.
We mean something we have been doing over a period
of time; therefore, we use prepositions of time "for" and
since



Form:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
subject + "will" +
verb inf.

Subject + "will" +
"not" + verb inf.

"Will" + subject +
verb inf + ?
Examples:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
I will [I'll] ring
(call) you tonight.
She will not
[won't] arrive late
Will you ring (call)
me tonight?
Uses:
is used to express the future. The difference between
"going to" and "will" is the sense of planning and
probability of occurrence action. In general, "going to"
for concrete plans, is used when we are sure that
something will happen












Form:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
subject + "will"
verb to be +verb
gerund.

Subject + "will
not/wont + verb
to be + verb
gerund

"Will" + subject +
verb to be + verb
gerund
Examples:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
I We will be
visiting our friends
this afternoon.
She will not be
working
Will Susan be
cooking tonight?
Uses:
is used to describe an action that will take place in the
future, you can enter or not, and further developed at
that time.



Form:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
Subject + will +
aux. to have +
verb in past
participle +
expression time
Subject + will
not/wont + aux. to
have + verb in
past participle +
expression time
Will + subject + aux
to have + verb in
past participle +
expression time
Examples:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
He will have
cleaned his desk
before he leaves
the office.
They will not have
visited the
museum by the
time they get
home.
Will we have
travelled to
London by this
evening?
Uses:
is used to express situations that are occurring or to be
developed in the future and we imagine to be
completed when the time comes to which we refer. This
verb is often accompanied by a temporal expression






Form:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
Subject + shall/will
+ have + been +
verb in gerund

Subject + shall/will
+ not + have +
been + verb I
gerund + ...
Shall/Will + subject
+ not + have + been
+ verb in gerund +
...?
Examples:
AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
You will have
been saving
money for 50
years.
Shell not have
been using my
bike.
Will she not have
been living in
Japan?
Uses:
is used to express how long have lasted an action at a
certain time in the future.
This tense emphasizes the continuity of an event at a
future time