BICOL UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY





















EDSELLE CORTEZ NICOLAS
BS NURSING 1C



DR. NOEMI R. MADRID
GENERAL CHEMISTRY PROFESSOR



June 17, 2014

COMMON LABORATORY APPARATUS

I. VOLUMETRIC WARES AND ACCESSORIES
IMAGE DESCRIPTION USES

GRADUATED CYLINDER
relatively slim glass or plastic
cylinder
come in a variety of sizes such as
10 ml, 25 ml, 50 ml, 100 ml, 500
ml and 1,000 ml
for measurement of an amount of
liquid

BASE BURETTE
a uniform-bore glass tube with
fine graduations and a stopcock
at the bottom
used when it is necessary to
dispense a small measured
volume of a liquid, as for titration
base burette can only take base

ACID BURETTE
a uniform-bore glass tube with
fine graduations and a stopcock
at the bottom
used when it is necessary to
dispense a small measured
volume of a liquid, as for titration
acid burette can only take acid

BURET CLAMP
Spring loaded polypropylene
clamps that are corrosion
resistant
used along with stand to hold
burette

PIPETTE
calibrated glass tubes tapered to
a narrow point
transfers relatively small
amounts of liquid

VOLUMETRIC FLASK
calibrated to contain a precise
volume at a particular
temperature
used to measure precise volumes
of liquid or to make precise
dilutions

II. BALANCES AND ACCESSORIES
IMAGE DESCRIPTION USES

FLATFORM BALANCE
form of equal-arm balance in
which two flat platforms are
attached to the top side of the
beam, one at each end
used to determine the mass (or
weight) of an object

TRIPLE BEAM BALANCE
supported by a fulcrum, one side
is a pan where the object is
placed, the other side, the beam
is split into three parallel beams ,
each supporting one weight
measures mass in grams

ANALYTICAL BALANCE
designed to measure small mass
in the sub-milligram range
used to determine the mass of a
reagent or object

TOP LOADING BALANCE
has a glass or plastic breeze-
break atop the scale
measures the weight of an object
using a platform upon which the
object is placed

WEIGHING PAPER
made of paper, usually folded
into a box
used when weighing powders

III. REAGENT FLASKS AND OBSERVATION

REAGENT BOTTLE
containers made of glass, plastic,
borosilicate or related
substances, and topped by
special caps or stoppers
intended to contain chemicals in
liquid or powder form for
laboratories and stored in
cabinets or on shelves

TEST TUBE
consisting of a finger-like length
of glass or clear plastic tubing,
open at the top, usually with a
rounded U-shaped bottom
for holding small samples or for
containing scale reactions.

TEST TUBE HOLDER
made of stainless steel and the
angle of the holder is adjustable
for holding test tubes when tubes
should not be touched or when
its hot

TEST TUBE RACK
made of a base that has a
platform which is mounted on
the base
holds test tubes

TEST TUBE BRUSH
small bristled brush cleans the test tubes

BEAKER
cylindrical in shape, with a flat
bottom
reaction container
holds liquid or solid samples

WATCH GLASS
circular, slightly convex-concave
piece of glass
for holding small samples or for
covering beakers or evaporating
dishes.

PETRI DISH
a very shallow, cylindrical,
transparent glass or plastic dish
with an overlapping cover
often used for observations
used for the culture of
microorganisms

FLORENCE FLASK
has a round body with a flat
bottom and a single long neck
designed for uniform heating,
boiling, distillation and ease of
swirling

ERLENMEYER FLASK
features a flat bottom, a conical
body, and a cylindrical neck,
named after the German chemist
Emil Erlenmeyer
are useful to contain reactions or
to hold liquid samples
also useful to catch filtrates

ROUND BOTTOM FLASK
typeof flasks having spherical
bottoms used
allows more uniform heating
and/or boiling of liquid
used in a variety of applications
where the contents are heated or
boiled

NARROW MOUTH BOTTLE
a bottle with narrow mouth used to store compounds that
shouldn't or can't be poured out,
solids most likely

WIDE MOUTH BOTTLE
a bottle with wide mouth used to store liquid reagents that
can be poured out

AMBER REAGENT BOTTLE
a container tinted amber (actinic) to protect light-sensitive
chemical compounds from visible
light, ultraviolet and infrared
radiation which may alter them

VIAL
small glass or plastic vessel or
bottle
often used to store medication as
liquids, powders or capsules

SAMPLE BOTTLE
usually made glass or plastic use to store samples

IV. GLASSWARES WITH SPECIFIC FUNCTION APPARATUS

THERMOMETER
contains a mercury or an alcohol
in a reservoir whose volume is
linearly dependent on the
temperature (as the temperature
increases, the volume increases)
measures the temperature in
degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit

pH METER
consists of a special measuring
probe (a glass electrode)
connected to an electronic meter
that measures and displays the
pH reading
electronic device used for
measuring the pH (acidity or
alkalinity) of a liquid

pH PAPER
usually red and blue litmus paper determines whether a solution is
acidic or basic

CALORIMETER
a simple calorimeter just consists
of a thermometer attached to a
metal container full of water
suspended above a combustion
chamber
used for calorimetry, or the
process of measuring the heat of
chemical reactions or physical
changes

CENTRIFUGE MACHINE
driven by an electric motor that
puts an object in rotation
used to separate the components
of blood in blood banks

EVAPORATING DISH
made of porcelain or borosilicate
glass and relatively shallow
used to heat and consequently
evaporate liquids

MORTAR AND PESTLE
the mortar is the dish, typically
made ceramic and the pestle is
the grinder, a heavy club-shaped
object
crushes or grinds up chemicals.

DISTILLING FLASK
rounded bottom glass with at
least one tubular section known
as the neck with an opening at
the tip
usually used in distillation
process

CONDENSER
usually consists of a large glass
tube containing a smaller glass
tube running its entire length,
within which the hot fluids pass
condense a substance from its
gaseous to its liquid state

ADAPTER
a glass tube with a small tube
opening connected at its side
used to connect condenser with
receiving flask in the distillation
system
releases pressure during
distillation

RUBBER TUBING
a long tube made of rubber usually used in the laboratory in
the distillation process
used in flow lines for fluids

FILTERING FLASK
often provided with a side tube to
connect with a suction pump
a flask that is used for receiving a
filtering liquid and that is usually
of heavy-walled glass

BUCHNER FUNNEL
traditionally made of porcelain
there is a cylinder with a fritted
glass disc/ perforated plate
separating it from the funnel
used for vacuum filtration using
filter paper

FILTER PAPER
semi-permeable paper barrier
placed perpendicular to a liquid
or air flow
special paper used to separate
solids from liquids

SEPARATORY FUNNEL
takes the shape of a cone with a
hemispherical end
it has a stopper at the top and
stopcock (tap), at the bottom
liquid-liquid extractions to
separate (partition) the
components of a mixture into
two immiscible solvent phases of
different densities

CRUCIBLE AND COVER
container that can withstand very
high temperatures
used to hold small amounts of
chemicals during heating at high
temperatures

CRUCIBLE TONGS
large pincers made of welded
steel
used to pull hot crucibles out
from furnaces

CORK BORER
is a metal tool for cutting a hole in a cork or
rubber stopper to insert glass
tubing

V. SUPPORT APPARATUS

IRON STAND
made of metal with a base used to hold or support beakers
or flasks during experiments
especially when heating

IRON CLAMP
uses a screw mechanism to clamp
onto a iron stand
clamps onto ring stand to hold
test tube

IRON RING
made of metal and usually
attached to a iron stand
to stabilize flasks mounted to a
ring stand

WIRE GAUZE
gauzelike fabric woven of very
fine wires
supports beakers to be heated by
Bunsen burners or alcohol lamp

TRIPOD
portable three-legged frame used as a platform for
supporting glass wares during
heating

STOPPERS
truncated cylindrical or conical
closure
plugs a flask or test tube for safe
keeping

VI. HEATING MATERIAL

ALCOHOL LAMP
a small jar with a special lid that
holds a round cotton wick
serves primarily as a source for
heat for all kinds of laboratory
activities

BUNSEN BURNER
named after Robert Bunsen, is a
common piece of laboratory
equipment that produces a single
open gas flame
provides concentrated and
adjustable heat for experiments

TIRRIL BURNER
can control flame temperature
and flame length separately
through the adjustment of the
mixture of air and gas
used as a source of heat
used for artificial gas

MEKER BURNER
named after Georges Mker
flame consists of a number of
short blue inner cones and a
large single outer cone
used as a source of heat

FISH TALE
a burner in which two jets of gas
impinge on each other to form a
flame shaped like a fish's tail
used as a source of heat

HOT PLATE
some hot plates also contain a
magnetic stirrer, allowing the
heated liquid to be stirred
automatically
used as source of heat when an
open flame is not desirable

VII. DISPENSING MATERIALS

SPATULA
resemble small paddles,
teaspoons or shovels
transfers chemicals into beaker
or flask, also to stir different
compounds to mix them with
water

DROPPER
usually glass tubes tapered to a
narrow point, and fitted with a
rubber bulb at the top
used to transfer small quantities
of liquids

WASH BOTTLE
squeeze bottle with a nozzle
sealed with a screw-top lid
for dispensing small quantities of
distilled water

GLASS TUBING
long, clear tube used as a passage for liquid or
gas in experiments

CAPILLARY TUBING
a really thin tube. (usually about
1/2 mm across on the inside.)
usually made of glass or plastic
usually used in capillary action
used to determine melting points

GLASS FUNNEL
pipe with a wide, often conical
mouth and a narrow stem
for funneling liquids from one
container to another or for
filtering when equipped with
filter paper

STIRRING ROD
usually made of solid glass, about
the thickness and slightly longer
than a drinking straw, with
rounded ends
used for stirring

VIII. PROTECTIVE SAFETY APPARATUS

SAFETY GOGGLES
protective eyewear that usually
enclose or protect the area
surrounding the eye
prevent particulates, water or
chemicals from striking the eyes

EYE WASH BOTTLE
contains fluid, commonly saline used in the aid of rinsing of the
eye

GLOVES
usually made of rubber protects our hands from infection
and contamination

MASK
usually made of cloth covering for the nose if the
reaction produces any kind of
foul gas or toxic gas
protection of the eyes


References:
http://www.chemiasoft.com/lab_glasware.html
http://www.smc.edu/academicprograms/physicalsciences/pages/equipment.aspx
http://www.scilabware.com/Connectors-&-Clamps/Clamps/Burette-clamp/p-33-34-152/
http://www.chem.wisc.edu/deptfiles/genchem/lab/labdocs/modules/sepfunl/sepfunldesc.htm
http://www.chemistryequipments.blogspot.com/2012/10/list-of-commonly-used-chemistry-lab.html