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13

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20

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22

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23

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w,f/ 'gaMumifh 'Dvkyfief;awGrSm tvkyfvkyfzdkY tvkyform; axmif
aomif;csDvdktyfvmygw,f/ 'gawmifrS tJ'Dtcsdefumvu t*Fvdyf
tpdk;&aumif;rIeJY ArmjynfxJudk armif;oGif;vmwJh ukvm;tvkyf
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usifhoHk;aqmif&Gufygw,f/ 'gaMumifhvJ v,f,mpdkufysKd;a&;vkyfief;udk
tqufrjywf vnfywfap&ovdk ArmEkdifiH&JU o,HZmwt&if;tjrpf
awGjzpfwJh uRef;opf? a&eHeJY "mwfowK wl;azmfa&;vkyfief;awGrSm
tpDtpOf &Sd&Sd pepfwus aqmif&Gufvmygw,f/
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dkufxkwfvkyfvdkufwJh ukefacsmawGudk olwdkY&JU vufatmufcHudkvdkeD
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jzpfNyD; aemufwpfrsKd;u olwdkYtvdk&SdwJh ukefMurf;rSeforQudk ArmEkdifiH
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vlxkwpf&yfvHk;udk acgif;rarmhEdkifatmif tjyif;txef zdESdyftkyfcsKyfcJh
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r,f BuD;rm;xif&Sm;vSwJh tajymif;tvJawGeJYtwl urmhpD;yGm;a&;uyf
BuD; qdkufa&mufvmygawmhw,f/ 1929-31 ckESpfrsm;twGif;rSm Arm
EkdifiH&JU qefpyg;aps; uRrf;xdk;arSmufcHk usqif;oGm;cJhvdkYyJ ArmEkdifiH
awmifolv,form;trsm;pk[m tiwfab;uae vGwfajrmufzdkY e,fcsJU
t*Fvdyftpdk;&udk vufeufqGJudkifawmfvSefcJhMuygw,f/ ArmhawmfvSef
a&;orkdif;rSm *VKefq&mpHacgif;aqmifwJh v,form; olykef ykefuefrI
BuD;[m t*Fvdyfe,fcsJUorm;udk twdtvif;pdefac:NyD; v,form;awmf
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tJ'DumvawGtwGif;rSm ArmEkdifiHxJu rjzpfpavmufav; ajr
av;awG ydkifxm;wJh vufwpfqkyfpm udk,fydkifv,fvkyfolawGupvdkY

Armtvkyform;qdkwm v,frJh ,mrJh v,fulvDeJY tvkyfvufrJhjzpf

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vnf; Armtvkyo
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tcsd e f t xd ArmEk d i f i H r S m tvk y f o rm;tzG J U tpnf ; wpf & yf & ,f v d k Y
cdkifcdkifrmrm xifxif&Sm;&Sm;ray:aygufao;bl;vdkY ajymvdkY&ygw,f/
1921 ckESpfrSm a&eHacsmif; OD;rsKd;GefY&JU a&SUaqmifOD;pD;rIeJY a&eH
tvkyform;toif; (Labour Union)udk pwifzGJUpnf;w,fvdkY rSwfwrf;
tqdkwpf&yf&Sdygw,f/
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tvkyo
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1925 ckESpf {&m0wD rD;oabFmukrPD tvkyform;oydwf pwm
awG[m ArmEkid if &H UJ yxrOD;qH;k tvkyo
f rm;vIy&f mS ;rI oydww
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acgif;aqmifrIeJY ArmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&m tvkyform;tpnf;tHk;XmecsKyfBuD;
(atbDwD,lpD)zGJUpnf;a&;aumfrwDwpf&yfudk wifajrmufa&G;cs,fNyD;
tvkyf orm;ta&;eJY ywfoufwhJ taxGaxGoabmxm;vkyif ef;pOfawG
csrSwf EdkifcJhygw,f/
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oydww
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ta0;BuD;u atbDwD,lpD yPmrjyifqifa&;aumfrwD zGJUpnf;cdkif;cJhyg
w,f/ tJ'Dvdk zGJUpnf;vdkufwJh aumfrwDrSm ocifzdk;vSBuD;? ocifav;
armif? ocifvSaz? ocifoef;xGef;eJY ocifpdk;wdkY yg0if OD;aqmifcJhMu
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,l zGJUpnf;cJhygw,f/ Ou| ocifav;armif? pnf;Hk;a&;eJY jyefMum;a&;
rSL; ocifausmfpdef? okawoerSL;ocifpdk;eJY trIaqmif ocifoef;xGef;
wdkYudk NAdwdoQudkvdkeDtpdk;&u zrf;qD;ta&;,lcJhygw,f/
1941 ckESpf? rwfvrSm usefwJh trIaqmifudk;OD;eJY &efukeftvkyf
orm;tpnf;tHk;rsm;u udk,fpm;vS,f (20)OD;wdkY[m &efukefwuodkvf
ausmif;om;rsm;or*taqmuftODrSm pnf;a0;NyD; ]ArmEkdifiHvHk;qdkif&m
tvkyform;or*}udk zGJUpnf;vdkufygw,f/ Ou|tjzpf ocifA[def;?
taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL; oHwGJ ocifAwif tygt0if trIaqmif
(11)OD; eJY zGJUpnf;wnfaxmifvdkufwm jzpfygw,f/
ArmEkdifiHvHk;qdkif&m tvkyform;or*XmecsKyf (atbDwD,lpDAll Burma Trade Union Congress)taeeJY 1945 ckESpftwGif;rSmyJ
urmh tvkyform;tzGJUcsKyf (W.F.T.U) (World Federation Of Trade
Unions)eJY qufoG,fvIyf&Sm;cJhygw,f/
1948 ckESpf rwfv (28)&ufaeYrSm zqyv&JU zrf;qD;ESdyfuGyfjcif;

aMumifh uGefjrLepfygwD awmcdkNyD; vufeufudkifawmfvSefa&;udk pwif

vdkufwJhtcsdefupvdkY atbDwD,lpD ArmEkdifiHvHk;qdkif&m tvkyform;
or*[mvnf;yJ w&m;0ifajray:tzGJUtpnf;tjzpfuae ajratmuf
tzGJUpnf;tjzpf aysmufuG,fa&muf&SdoGm;&ygw,f/
vGwfvyfa&;r&rD 1945 ckESpf? Edk0ifbmvrSm qdk&S,fvpfygwDu
tvkyo
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xm;wm&Sdygw,f/ qdk&S,fvpfygwDuGJNyJMuawmh ocifvGif? ocifcspf
armif? ocifvSauR pwJh qdk&S,feDawGu Armjynftvkyform;ygwDudk
cGJxGufwnfaxmifvdkufjyefygw,f/ qdk&S,fvpfygwDu OD;AaqGOu|
vkyfNyD; trIaqmiftopfeJY tvkyform;tpnf;tHk;rsm;tzGJUcsKyf (Arm
EkdifiH)udk jyefvnfzGJUpnf;cJhwmjzpfygw,f/
1957 ckESpfrSm zqyv tzGJUcsKyfBuD;[m Ek-wif(oefY&Sif;)tkyfpk
eJY aqGNidrf;(wnfNrJ)tkyfpk&,fvdkY uGJMujyefygw,f/
Ekwif tkyfpku jynfaxmifpktvkyform;tpnf;Hk;rsm;tzGJUcsKyf
(,lt,ftdk)udk oD;jcm;wnfaxmifzGJUpnf;ygw,f/
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tkypf ak wG&UJ tvkyo
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ygwJh tiftm;wpfpHkwpf&m awmifhwif;wJh tvkyform;tzGJUtpnf;awG
vnf; &Sdygao;w,f/
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tzGJUcsKyf? ArmEkdifiHvHk;qdkif&m a&eH tvkyform;rsm; tzGJUcsKyf? erwl
tvkyo
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pku tmPmodrf;vdkufygw,f/ wpfNydKifeufxJrSmvnf;yJ(1) jynfolydkifpufHktvkyfHkaygif;pHk tvkyform;tpnf;tHk;rsm;
tzGJUcsKyf
(2) yk*vduydkif pufHktvkyfHktvkyform;tpnf;tHk;rsm;tzGJUcsKyf
qdkNyD; zGJUvmygw,f/
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eJY tpdk;&zGJUvdkufawmh usefwJh tvkyform;tzGJUtpnf;awGudk tod
trSwfrjyKawmhbJ olYvufxufrSm jy|mef;zGJUpnf;vdkufwJh tJ'Dtvkyf
orm;tzGJUESpfckudkom todtrSwfjyKygw,f/
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Oya'}}udk awmfvSefa&;aumifpDtpdk;&u jy|mef;vdkufwJhtcgrSm ,cif
,cif tpdk;&vufxufu w&m;0ifzGJUpnf;&yfwnfcJhMuwJh tvkyform;
or*tzGJUtpnf;tm;vHk;[m tvdktavsmuf zsufodrf;cJhvdkuf&wmjzpf
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&JU ppftmPm&Siftpdk;&vufcsufeJY dkufcsKd;zsufqD;cHvdkuf&wmyJ jzpfyg
w,f/ Adkvfae0if; ppftmPm&Sifacwf&JU wpfckwnf;aom ygwDtzGJU
tpnf; jzpfwhJ rqv ygwD&UJ OD;aqmifvrf;Terf eI YJ ArmwpfEidk if v
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odrf;ydkufNyD; ppfAsLdku&uf tmPm&SifpepfeJY wdkif;jynfudk tMurf;ywrf;
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wpfwdkif;wpfjynfvHk;u v,form; tvkyform; ausmif;om; pwJh
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ESpf(50) a&T&wkta&;tcif;? 1974 ckESpf ar ZGef tvkyform;ta&;
tcif;? 'DZifbmOD;oefYta&;tcif;eJY 1975 ckESpf a&Twd*Hkta&;tcif;?
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qdkovdk vlxkwdkufyGJtoGifeJY Adkvfae0if; ppfAsLdku&uf tmPm&Sif
tpdk;&udk zDqefawmfvSefcJhMuygw,f/
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v,form;vlwef;pm;udk tajccHw,f/ EkdifiHawmftvHrSm yifeD,HeJY
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tae[m wpfpwpfpeJY ododomomudk avsmhyg;edrfhusqif;&JrGJawvm
cJh&ygw,f/ tajccHvlwef;pm;trsm;pk[m vlarG;vlawmifajymifvmzdkY
aeaeomom eif;jym;uawmh eif;jym;yJjzpfygw,f/ wdkif;jynftajctae
t&yf&yf qkwf,kwfysufjym;vmwmeJYtrQ zdESdyfcsKyfcs,fwJh Oya'qdk;
trsKd;rsKd;eJY vlxktHk<urIawGudk owfjzwfnOf;yrf;a&;ay:vpDatmufrSm
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27

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30

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34

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