1

HYBRID POWER SYSTEM

THREE LEVEL NEUTRAL POINT CLAMPED
INVERTER




COMSATS INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION & TECHNOLOGY,
ABBOTABAD

SUBMITTED TO:
DR. LIAQ KHAN

SUBMITTED BY:
MUQADSA IFTIKHAR FA13-R09-005
ZUNAIB ALI FA13-R09-013
MADIHA NAEEM FA13-R09-024


SEMESTER: 2
ND

DEPTT: ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (POWER)

2

THREE LEVEL NEUTRAL POINT CLAMPED INVERTER


Fig. 1: 3-Level Neutral Point Clamped Inverter

P: Denotes that the upper two switches of any leg is turned ON and the corresponding leg is
connected to

i.e.

is equal to

.
N: Denotes that the lower two switches of any leg is turned ON and the corresponding leg is
connected to

i.e.

is equal to

.
O: Denotes that the inner two switches of any leg is turned ON and the corresponding leg
voltage with respect to neutral point is clamped to zero through clamping diode i.e.

is equal to zero .






3

The number of possible switching states for three level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter.

S.No Switching State S.No Switching State
0 PPP 14 PNO
1 NNN 15 POO
2 OOO 16 ONN
3 PNN 17 PPO
4 PPN 18 OON
5 NPN 19 OPO
6 NPP 20 NON
7 NNP 21 OPP
8 PNP 22 NOO
9 PON 23 OOP
10 OPN 24 NNO
11 NPO 25 POP
12 NOP 26 ONO
13 ONP







4

CALCULATION OF SWITCHING VECTORS - OUTER HEXAGON
For each switching state there is a corresponding switching vector, to calculate the vector we
need to take advantage of the .
1. PNN
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

R
R R
Z
Vdc
3
2
Vdc
3
1
Vdc
3
1
Vdc
a
c
b

The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

5

2. PPN
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

R R
Z
Vdc
3
1
Vdc
3
1
+
Vdc
-
R Vdc
3
2
c
a b


The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

6

3. NPN
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

R
R R
Z
Vdc
3
2
Vdc
3
1
Vdc
3
1
Vdc
b
c
a


The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

7

4. NPP
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

R R
Z
Vdc
3
1
Vdc
3
1
+
Vdc
-
R Vdc
3
2
b c
a


The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

8

5. NNP
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

R
R R
Z
Vdc
3
2
Vdc
3
1
Vdc
3
1
Vdc
c
b
a


The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

9

6. PNP
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

R R
Z
Vdc
3
1
Vdc
3
1
+
Vdc
-
R Vdc
3
2
b c
a


The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

10

7. PON
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

E=+Vdc/2
E=-Vdc/2
R
R
R
Z
Vdc
2
1
Vdc
2
1
a
b
c


The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

11

8. OPN
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

E=+Vdc/2
E=-Vdc/2
R
R
R
Z
Vdc
2
1
Vdc
2
1
a
b
c


The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

12

9. NPO
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

E=+Vdc/2
E=-Vdc/2 R
R
R
Z
Vdc
2
1
Vdc
2
1
a
b
c


The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

13

10. NOP
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

E=+Vdc/2
E=-Vdc/2 R
R
R
Z
Vdc
2
1
Vdc
2
1
a
b
c


The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

11. ONP
14

The circuit diagram for this state is given by

E=+Vdc/2
E=-Vdc/2
R
R
R
Z
Vdc
2
1
Vdc
2
1
a
b
c


The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

12. PNO
The circuit diagram for this state is given by
15


E=+Vdc/2
E=-Vdc/2
R
R
R
Z
Vdc
2
1
Vdc
2
1
a
b
c

The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

CALCULATION OF SWITCHING VECTORS - INNER HEXAGON
13. POO
16

The circuit diagram for this state is given by

E=+Vdc/2
R
R
R
Z
Vdc
2
1
a
b
c

The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

14. ONN
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

17

E=-Vdc/2
R
R
R
Z
a
b
c

The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

15. PPO
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

18

E=+Vdc/2
R
R
R
Z
a
b
c

The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

16. OON
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

19

E=-Vdc/2
R
R
R
Z
a
b
c

The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

17. OPO
The circuit diagram for this state is given by
20


E=+Vdc/2
R
R
R
Z
a
b
c
Z

The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

18. NON
21

The circuit diagram for this state is given by

E=-Vdc/2 R
R
R
Z
a
b
c
E=-Vdc/2

The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

19. OPP
22

The circuit diagram for this state is given by

R
R
R
Z
a
b
c
E=+Vdc/2

The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

20. NOO
23

The circuit diagram for this state is given by

R
R
R Z
a
b
c
E=-Vdc/2

The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

24

21. OOP
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

R
R
R
Z
a
b
c
E=+Vdc/2

The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

25

22. NNO
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

R
R
R Z
a
b
c
E=-Vdc/2

The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

26

23. POP
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

R
R
R
Z
a
b
c
E=+Vdc/2
E=+Vdc/2

The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

27

24. ONO
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

R
R
R
Z
a
b
c
E=-Vdc/2
Z

The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

28

25. PPP
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

R
R
R
a
b
c
E=+Vdc/2
E=+Vdc/2
E=+Vdc/2

The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

29

26. NNN
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

R
R
R
a
b
c
E=-Vdc/2
E=-Vdc/2
E=-Vdc/2

The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

30

27. OOO
The circuit diagram for this state is given by

R
R
R
a
b
c
Z
Z
Z

The switching vector can be written in terms of .

From the figure:

Substituting in we get:

31

Switching State Switching Vector Vector Definition
PPP

NNN
OOO
POO

ONN
PPO

OON
OPO

NON
OPP

NOO
OOP

NNO
32

POP

ONO
PON

OPN

NPO

NOP

ONP

PNO

PNN

PPN

NPN

NPP

NNP

PNP

33

SPACE VECTOR DIAGRAM