Created By: Nabarun Ghosh

Started -Early 1940s

Ended Late 1950s
Size Took up a 20 by 50
foot room
Speed 5,000 operation
in a second
Cost $500,000
Description:
Vacuum tubes - Moves data
Magnetic drum Memory
Punch cards Used to input
data


Inventors
ENIAC & UNIVAC -
John Mauchley & John
Presper Eckert
Z3 Konrad Zuse

Started- 1950
Ended- 1960
Size- 5 feet tall and 3 feet across
Speed- Transistors allowed the
computer to speed up.
Cost- $120,000-$3 million
Description
Transistor- Moved data; was equal
to 40 vacuum tubes; less energy
Printer- Outputs data
Magnetic tapes-Memory storage
Disc drive- Output data into
magnetic tapes
Punch cards- Input/output data
into computers
Computer language- Fortran &
Cobol used to write into the
computer.
Magnetic Hard drive- Memory






Inventors:
PDF-1- Digital
Equipment Inc.
IMB & LARC- Sperry-
Rand Co.

Started- Late 1960
Ended- Late 1970
Size- Smaller due to mini
transistors in silicon chips
Speed-Silicon chips sped
up the computer
Price-$3,000-$20,000









Inventors
HP- 2115 - Hewlett Packard
Co.
Unix- AT & T Bell Labratories
GUI- Xerox Corp.
PDF-8- Digital Equipment Inc.
IMB 360 Sperry- Rand Co.




Description
Integrated Circuits- Moved data;
mini transistor
Operating system- Ran the
computer
Printer- Data output
Electronic System- Input/output;
Replaced punchcards
Keyboard- Input data
Monitors- Showed data
Hard Drive- Memory
Mouse Device used to move cursor
Started- 1970
Ended-1980
Size- Could fit on your
hands
Speed- 25-50 MHz
Cost- $500- $2,000
Description:
Microprocessors- Ran computers
Printer- Data output
Disc & CD ROM Drive- Input/
Output
Keyboard- Input data
Monitors- Showed data
Hard Drive- Memory
Mouse Device used to move
cursor
Scanner inputs data into the
computer




Inventors
Altair 8800- Micro Instrumental
Telemetry Systems Co.
CP/M- Gary Kildall
Apple II- Stephen G. Wozniak and
Steven P. Jobs
VisiCalc- Dan Bricklin and Bob
Frankston
Apple Macintosh- Apple Computer Inc.
Windows 3.0- Microsoft Computers Co.
Started- 1980
Ended-Present
Size- Can be held in your hand;
extremely light ( 4 ounces-6 pounds)
Speed- Artificial Intelligence will allow
parallel processing
Cost- $500- $2,000
Description-
Printer- Data output
Electronic System- Input/output;
Replaced punchcards
Keyboard- Input data
Monitors- Showed data
Hard Drive- Memory
Mouse Device used to move cursor
Scanner Inputs data into the computer
Artificial Intelligence- Runs Computer

Inventors:
Blue Wave- IMB Co.
iMac- Apple Inc.
Powerbook G4 Apple Inc.
IBM ThinkPad IMB Co.
Transistors
Artificial
Intelligence
Microprocessors
Integrated
Circuits
Vacuum
Tube
The elements that ran computers have changed over the
generations of computers. The first generation (1940-1950)
was run by vacuum tubes. The second generation (1950-
1960) was run by transistors. The third generation (1960-
1970) was run by integrated circuits. The fourth (1970-
1980) generation was run with microprocessors. The fifth
generation (1980-Present) of today was run by artificial
intelligence.
The speeds, size, and parts of the computer also
changed. The speed of the computer increased from doing
5,000 operations a second to doing double of that in one
second through parallel processing. While, the size of the
computer decreased from the size of a large basement to
the size of your hand. The parts of the computer were
added, removed, and replaced. These are the changes in
computers that took place through computer history.

www.techiwarehouse.com
www.ushistory.org
www.computersciencelab.com
inventors.about.com
www.ideafinder.com
www.computernostalgia.net
library.thinkquest.org]
www.vikingwaters.com
www.computerhistory.org
it-history.net