SMK CONVENT 2014

.SMK CONVENT BATU PAHAT

2014
PORTABLE COOKING WITH NATURE
( THEME : EFFICIENT ENERGY
COOKING )
PARTICIPANTS: KHAW JING XIN (000317-01-17!)
ELIS BT OSMAN (000"1#-01-#1!)
ANGELA SHARLYN (000$1-01-1$!$)
MENTOR: ENCIK MUHAMMA% AL AMIN BIN A&MAN
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PORTABLE COOKING WITH NATURE

SMK CONVENT 2014
PORTABLE COOKING WITH NATURE
( THEME : EFFICIENT ENERGY COOKING )
1.0 ABSTRACT
The sun showers us with energy equal to all the earth's fossil fuels in just a few
days. With the depletion of fossil fuels, the world has to turn to alternative
renewable energy sources.
Solar energy is one of the renewable energy resources that can fulfill the energy
needs for mankind. nlike non!renewable fuels, such as fossil fuels which produce
many side effects like pollution, acid rain and global warming, solar energy is
clean, sustainable and environment friendly.
Solar cooking is one way of using the resource of the sun which is given freely. "
sola !oo"# is a device which uses sunlight as its energy source. #ecause they
use no fuel and they cost nothing to run, humanitarian organi$ations are promoting
their use worldwide to help slow deforestation and desertification, caused by using
wood as fuel for cooking. Solar cookers are clean, convenient, non!polluting and
easy on the environment. "nd, for millions of people living in arid, fuel!scarce
regions of the world, solar cookers can literally save lives.
$.0 OB%ECTI&ES OF THIS PRO%ECT
i. To !#a'# a(a#)#ss among the general public that solar energy is an
alternative to fossil fuels
ii. To *o+o'# solar energy as a renewable, sustainable, clean and
environmentally friendly fuel
iii. To ,)'o-.!# sola !oo",)/ as cost!free way of using the resource of
the sun
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PORTABLE COOKING WITH NATURE

SMK CONVENT 2014
0.0 INTRO1UCTION AN1 PROBLEM STATEMENT
0.1 I)'o-.!',o)
Students e%periment with a virtual solar cooker to discover what types of materials
will be best for use in constructing a solar cooker. Students then apply their
knowledge to building and testing a solar cooker of their own invention. &n an
e%tension, students investigate how these principles can be used as sustainable
energy sources for homes through passive solar heating.
Students will know that
&ncident sunlight is reflected, transmitted, and absorbed when it falls upon a
surface.
" solar cooker is a solar collector' it (collects) and traps the sun*s energy,
creating heat.
Solar cookers require three +,- components. gla$ing, insulation and
reflectors.
/eat can be transferred through , types of method . +i- radiation,
+ii- conduction and +iii- convection.
There are limitations to how we can ma%imi$e solar energy depending upon
our geographic location.
0.$ Po2l#+ s'a'#+#)'
What types of materials will be best for use in constructing a solar cooker0
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PORTABLE COOKING WITH NATURE

SMK CONVENT 2014
3.0 SCIENTIFIC THEORY
3.1 P,)!,*l#s
The basic principles of our solar cooker are.
Co)!#)'a',)/ s.)l,/4': 1eflective mirrors are arranged in a parabolic
shape to concentrate light and heat from the sun into a small cooking area,
making the energy more concentrated and therefore more potent.
Co)5#',)/ l,/4' 'o 4#a': " black pot is used to absorb almost all of the
sun's light and turn it into heat, substantially improving the effectiveness of
the cooker.
Ta**,)/ 4#a': &solating the air inside the cooker from the air outside the
cooker makes an important difference. sing a clear solid, like a plastic bag
which allow light to enter, but once the light is absorbed and converted to
heat, the plastic bag will trap the heat inside. " transparent heat trap
around the dark pot lets in sunlight, but keeps in the heat.
Plas',! S4##'. ses plastic sheets to assure that liquids do not seep
through into the oven. "lso to prevent staining of the underlying sheet in the
oven.
"lone, each of these strategies for heating something with the sun is fairly
ineffective, but by using all three of these strategies in combination we can
increase temperatures sufficiently for cooking.
6.0 RESULTS OF E7PERIMENT
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PORTABLE COOKING WITH NATURE

SMK CONVENT 2014
6.1 Ma'#,als
2inc #o% , 3irror , glass, copper container, river stone, old newspaper,
magnifier, spray, and retort stand.
6.$ Po!#-.# To Us#:
4. " bright sunny day in a big field is chosen.
5. The aluminium can is filled with water
,. The initial and final temperature are recorded and the result is
tabulated.
6.0 F,)-,)/s
Item Q!"tit#
I"iti!$
Tem%e&!t&e
'
(
C)
*i"!$
Tem%e&!t&e
'
(
C)
C((+i", Time
'Mi"-)
R#s.l's
4. Water 677ml 58
(
C 9:
(
C ,7 mins
Temperature
&ncreased by
4; <=
6.3 Cos',)/
S*a8 ( Fla' Bla!" ) RM 1$
Al.+,),.+ 9o,l RM 6
Gl.# RM 0
R#!8!l#- 2o: FOC
Us#- 'a)s*a#)' !o5# FOC
C#llo*4a)# 'a*# RM $
Bla!" !olo.#- A3 *a*# RM 1
To'al : RM $0
6.6 TIPS TO INCREASE EFFICIENCY
1a" al.+,),.+ 2o:
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PORTABLE COOKING WITH NATURE

SMK CONVENT 2014
>ood is solar cooked in lidded, dark!coloured pots or similar vessels. Thin
aluminium pots work best. Stainless steel pots can be used, but choose the lightest
and thinnest. Thick and heavy materials absorb heat resulting in a slower cooking
process.
Shallow, wide pots are better than tall, narrow ones. &ndian pots are the
best.
&f you don't have dark!coloured pots, you can spray them black +outer
surfaces only-. ?ull, nonto%ic late% or blackboard paints are preferred. &f oil!
based paint is used, @bake@ the pot in the sun for several days to get rid of
any odour.
Alass jars with lids can be used if painted black. Bou can place a vertical
strip of tape of tape on the jar before painting and then remove the tape,
leaving a space to view food while cooking.
R#9l#!',5# S.9a!#s
"luminium foil mounted on cardboard, which makes for a simple, effective
reflector.
"lumini$ed polyester film, if reflective, can be used for panel cookers and as
the reflector on top of a bo%. ?o not use inside a bo% cooker, because it
might melt or emit fumes
3irror, is an alternative but it is heavy and fragile.
3etal sheets made from aluminium or steel are not recommended. The
surfaces are not reflective and tend to absorb some radiation, making them
less effective.
3etallic paints are not recommended as they are not reflective enough.
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PORTABLE COOKING WITH NATURE

SMK CONVENT 2014
6.; A1&ANTAGES AN1 BENEFITS OF SOLAR COOKING
4. Sunshine is 9## ! reduce our e%penditure on fuel.
5. Solar cooking sa5#s *#!,o.s 9.#l.
,. Sa5# ',+#. >ood can be cooked unattended while you carry out
other chores.
9. Cots are #as8 'o !l#a). >ood does not stick to the inside and there
is no soot on the outside.
6. " solar cooker is #as8 'o +a"# from a variety of materials.
D. Solar cookers are sa9# as there is no fire.
:. There is )o 4a<a-o.s s+o"# that can cause injury to our eyes or
harm our lungs. Ceople allergic to smoke can now enjoy @solarcues@ !
barbecues without the smoke.
;. 3ost solar cookers cook at =$ > 1$1 degree celcius, which is ,-#al
for retaining nutrients, moisture and flavour and not burning foods.
Wood and gas fire temperatures, by contrast, e%ceed 5D7 degree
celcius.
8. Solar cooking is similar to slow cooking. Slow cooking
#'a,)s 9la5o., moisture and nutrients and makes meats tender.
1ecent studies indicate that foods cooked at moderate temperatures
may be healthier.
47. Solar cookers are 5#sa',l# a)- a-a*'a2l#. This
simple technology is easily adapted to a wide variety of
construction materials, cooking customs and climates.
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PORTABLE COOKING WITH NATURE

SMK CONVENT 2014
;.0 CONCLUSION
=onversion to clean energy sources such as solar energy would enable the world
to improve the quality of life throughout the planet Earth, not only for humans, but
also for its flora and fauna as well. #ecause of the foregoing, there is a need to
develop an ingenious method of solar energy conversion systems and then to
substitute it where applications of fossil fuels are most vulnerable. Therefore,
e%tensive research and development in solar energy utili$ation technologies must
be carried out.
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PORTABLE COOKING WITH NATURE