CONTENTS

Pages
1.0 Introduction 1
2.0 Categorisation of Human Rights 3
2.1 Civil and Political Rights 3
2.2 Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 5

3.0 Inequalities in Human Rights 8
3.1 Racism and Discrimination 8
3.1.1 Racial Disparities in the Criminal Justice System 10
3.1.2 Non-Citizens Rights 10
3.1.3 Labor Rights 12
3.1.4 Womens and Girls Rights 13
3.2 Defamation of Religion 13

4.0 Torture and Counter Terrorism 16
4.1 Introduction 16
4.2 Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) 16
4.3 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 16
4.4 United Nations Convention against Torture and Other
Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment 17
4.5 European Convention on Human Rights 17
4.6 U.S. Policy on Torture: Post 9/11 19
4.6.1 Lawyers acting behalf of US Justify Cruel Treatment 20
4.6.2 Psychologists Reverse-Engineer SERE Tactics 22
4.6.3 Guantanamo Bay detention camp 23
4.6.4 Abu Ghraib Prison 24
4.6.5 Extraordinary Rendition and Black Sites 25
4.6.6 Disavowal of Torture by the U.S. 26
4.7 Current U.S. Policy on Treatment of Detainees
Held Outside the U.S. 27
4.7.1 Senate Intelligence Committee Torture Report 28

5.0 Conclusion 30

6.0 Recommendation 31

References