The subjunctive mood (il congiuntivo) expresses a persons emotions, opinions,
desires, or subjective attitude toward events, as well as actions or states that the person views as uncertain or hypothetical Consists of a main clause and a subordinate or dependent clause connected by che. The main clause contains a verb or expression that triggers the use of the subjunctive in the subordinate clause. The subject of the main verb must be different from the one expressed by the "congiuntivo"
Expressions/Verbs that trigger the Subjunctive
o Verbs expressing hope and desire trigger the subjunctive, as do verbs of will used to influence the actions of others.
o Verbs of opinion, doubt, and uncertainty also require the subjunctive in subordinate clauses.
o Most Conjunctions must be followed by the subjunctive in Italian.
o Impersonal expressions trigger the use of subjunctive also.
o Here are more examples of expressions of both types.
Impersonal expression Bisogna one needs to Sembrare it seems bene its good Peccato its a shame difficile its difficult, unlikely Pare it appears facile its easy, likely Pu darsi its possible giusto its fair strano its strange importante its important probabile its probable necessario its necessary meglio its better possibile its possible normale its usual, to be expected
La formazione del Congiuntivo
The present subjunctive is formed by adding the characteristics endings to the stem of the verb.
Verbs ending in care and gare add an h between the stem and the ending to maintain the hard sound of the c or g (paghi,paghi, paghi, paghiamo, paghiate, paghino). Verbs ending in ciare and giare do not double the i when forming the subjunctive (mangi, mangi, mangi, mangiamo, mangiate, mangino). The only exception is when the I in the infinitive is stressed, as in the verb sciare(scii, scii, scii, sciamo, sciate, sciino).
La formazione del Congiuntivo presente Verbi Irregolari
These following verbs have irregular forms in the present subjunctive, including ESSERE, and AVERE.
o ESSERE e AVERE are also irregular in the present subjunctive
essere avere sia ab bia sia abbia sia abbia siamo abbiamo siate abbiate siano abbiano
io tu lei/lui/Lei noi voro loro
1 conjugazione andare vada vada vada andiamo andiate vadano dare dia dia dia diamo diate diano fare faccia faccia faccia facciamo facciate facciano stare stia stia stia stiamo stiate stiano