Qbasic Introduction

QBasic (Microsoft Quick Beginners All purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is an IDE and interpreter for a
variant of the BASIC programming language which is based on QuickBASIC. Code entered into the IDE is compiled
to an intermediate form, and this intermediate form is immediately interpreted on demand within the IDE.
[1]
It can run
under nearly all versions ofDOS and Windows, or through DOSBox/DOSEMU, on Linux and FreeBSD.
[2]
For its time,
QBasic provided a state-of-the-art IDE, including a debugger with features such as on-the-fly expression evaluation
and code modification.
Like QuickBASIC, but unlike earlier versions of Microsoft BASIC, QBasic is a structured programming language,
supporting constructs such as subroutines and while loops.
[3][4]
Line numbers, a concept often associated with
BASIC, are supported for compatibility, but are not considered good form, having been replaced by descriptive line
labels.
[1]
QBasic has limited support for user-defined data types (structures), and several primitive types used to
contain strings of text or numeric data.
[5][6]




development of batch files
In DOS, OS/2, and also Microsoft Windows, batch file is the name given to a type of script file, a text file containing a
series ofcommands to be executed by the command interpreter.
A batch file may contain any command the interpreter accepts interactively at the command prompt. A batch file may
also have constructs (IF, GOTO, Labels, CALL, etc.) that enable conditional branching and looping within the batch
file.
Similar to job control language and other systems on mainframe and minicomputer systems, batch files were added
to ease the work required for certain regular tasks by allowing the user to set up a script to automate them. When a
batch file is run, the shell program (usually COMMAND.COM or cmd.exe) reads the file and executes its commands,
normally line-by-line.
[1]
Unix-like operating systems(such as Linux) have a similar, but more flexible, type of file called
a shell script.
[2]

The filename extension .bat was used in DOS, and the Windows 9x family of operating systems. The
Microsoft Windows NT-family of operating systems and OS/2 added .cmd. Batch files for other environments may
have different extensions, e.g. .btm in 4DOS, 4OS2and 4NT related shells.
There have been changes to the detailed handling of batch files; some of the detail in this article is applicable to all
batch files, while other details apply only to certain versions.



Filename extension




.bat .cmd .btm
Type of format
Scripting
Container for
Shell scripts




Uses
With batch files, which are also called batch programs or scripts, you can simplify routine or repetitive tasks. A batch
file is an unformatted text file that contains one or more commands and has a .bat or .cmd file name extension. When
you type the file name at the command prompt, Cmd.exe runs the commands sequentially as they appear in the file.
You can include any command in a batch file. Certain commands, such as for, goto, and if, enable you to do
conditional processing of the commands in the batch file. For example, the if command carries out a command based
on the results of a condition. Other commands allow you to control input and output and call other batch files.
The standard error codes that most applications return are 0 if no error occurred and 1 (or higher value) if an error
occurred. Please refer to your application help documentation to determine the meaning of specific error codes.