AP Chemistry Summer Assignment Stevens High School

The following assignment is to be completed and brought on the first day of class, no excuses!
Nomenclature
1. Name these binary compounds of two nonmetals.
IF
7
iodine hepta fluoride
N
2
O
4
dinitrogen tetroxide
PCl
3
phosphorus trichloride
N
2
O
5
dinitrogen pentoxide
As
4
O
10
tetraarsenic decoxide
S
2
Cl
2
disulfur dichloride
XeF
2
xenon difluoride
SF
6
sulfur hexafluoride

2. Name these binary compounds with a fixed charge metal.
AlCl
3
aluminum chloride
KI potassium iodide
CaF
2
calcium fluoride
MgO magnesium oxide
SrBr
2
strontium bromide
Al
2
O
3
aluminum oxide
BaI
2
barium iodide
Na
2
S sodium sulfide

3. Name these binary compounds of cations with variable charge.
CuCl
2
copper (II) chloride
PbCl
4
lead (IV) chloride
AuI
3
gold (III) iodide
Fe
2
O
3
iron (III) oxide
Cu
2
S copper (I) sulfide
CoP cobalt (III) phosphide
SnO tin (II) oxide
HgS mercury (II) sulfide

4. Name these compounds with polyatomic ions.
Fe(NO
3
)
3
iron (III) nitrate
Ca(ClO
3
)
2
calcium chlorate
NH
4
NO
2
ammonium nitrite
NaOH sodium hydroxide

KNO
2
potassium nitrite
Cu
2
Cr
2
O
7
copper (I) dichromate
Cu
2
SO
4
copper (I) sulfate
NaHCO
3
sodium hydrogen carbonate (sodium
bicarbonate)

5. Name these binary acids
HCl hydrochloric acid HI hydroiodic acid

6. Name these acids with polyatomic ions.
HClO
4
perchloric acid
H
3
PO
4
phosphoric acid
H
2
C
2
O
4
oxalic acid
H
2
SO
4
sulfuric acid
HNO
2
nitrous acid
H
2
CO
3
carbonic acid
HCH
3
CO
2
acidic acid
H
2
CrO
4
chromic acid

7. Name these compounds appropriately.
CO carbon monoxide
AlP aluminum phosphide
HF hydrofluoric acid
FeF
3
iron (III) fluoride
NH
4
CN aluminum cyanide
OF
2
oxygen difluoride
SO
2
sulfur dioxide
KCH
3
CO
2
potassium acetate
HIO
3
iodic acid
LiMnO
4
lithium permanganate
CuCr
2
O
7
copper (II) dichromate
MnS manganese (II) sulfide
NI
3
nitrogen triiodide
HClO hypoochlorous acid
K
2
O potassium oxide

8. Write the formulas.
Tin (IV) phosphide Sn
3
P
4

Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)
2

Sulfurous acid H
2
SO
3

Potassium nitride K
3
N
Gallium arsenide GaAs
Zinc fluoride ZnF
2

Copper (II) cyanide Cu(CN)
2

Sodium dichromate Na
2
Cr
2
O
7

Lithium bicarbonate LiHCO
3

Chromium (III) carbonate Cr
2
(CO
3
)
3

Cobalt (II) chromate CrCrO
4

Phosphorous acid H
2
PO
3


Solubility rules

9. Review solubility rules and identify each of the following compounds as soluble(S) or insoluble(I) in
water.
Na
2
CO
3
_______S_______
K
2
S __________S_______
AgI __________I________
FeS __________I________
Li
2
O _________S________
Ag(OH)_______I________
CoCO
3
________I________
BaSO
4
________I________
Ni(NO
3
)
2
______S_______
PbCl
2
__________I_______
Mn(CH
3
C

O
2
)
2
___S_______
Sn(SO
3
)
4
_______I________
Pb(NO
3
)
2
______S________
(NH
4
)
2
S _______S________
KI ___________S_________
CuSO
4
________S________
Cr(OH)
3
_______I_________
FeF
2
__________S_________

10. Predict whether each of these double replacement reactions will give a precipitate or not based on the
solubility of the products. If yes, then identify the precipitate.
a. silver nitrate and potassium chloride AgCl - yes
b. magnesium nitrate and sodium carbonate MgCO
3
- yes
c. calcium bromide and potassium sulfate CaSO4 - yes
d. barium bromide and potassium sulfide No
e. ammonium hydroxide and lead (II) acetate Pb (OH)
2
- yes
f. lithium chlorate and chromium (III) fluoride No

11. Classify each reaction as single replacement (SR), double replacement (DR), decomposition (D),
combination(C), combustion (CB). Then complete the reaction by writing in the products.

a. NaCl + Pb(NO
3
)
2
NaNO3 + PbCl
2(s)
_DR_______

b. H
2
+Cl
2
2HCl ____C_____

c. ZnCl
2
+ AgNO
3
AgCl + Zn(NO
3
)
2
____DR_____

d. SO
2
S + O
2
____D_____

e. C
2
H
6
+ O
2
CO
2
+ H
2
O ___CB______

f. Sodium metal reacts with oxygen. Na + O
2
Na
2
O ___C______

g. Magnesium metal is put into a solution of mercury (II) nitrate. __SR_______
Mg + Hg(NO
3
)
2
Mg(NO
3
)
2
+ Hg
h. Nitrogen tribromide decomposes. __D_______
NBr
3
N
2
+ Br
2
i. Diphosphorus pentoxide is produced from its elements. ___C______
P + O
2
P
2
O
5
Balancing equations:
12. Balance the following equations with the lowest whole number coefficients.
a. Cu + 2 AgNO
3
2 Ag + Cu(NO
3
)
2

b. Au
2
S
3
+ 3 H
2
2 Au + 3 H
2
S
c. 2 C
6
H
6
+ 15 O
2
12 CO
2
+ 6 H
2
O
d. Al(OH)
3
+ 3 HCl AlCl
3
+ 3 H
2
O
e. 4 FeO + O
2
2 Fe
2
O
3

Significant figures:
13. How many significant figures are in each of the following?

a. 12 2
b. 2001 4
c. 1.01 x 10
-5
3
d. 1000. 4
e. 1098 4
f. 0.0000101 3
g. 2.001 x 10
3
4

h. 22.04030 7

14. Round off each of the following numbers to three significant figures and write the answer in scientific
notation.
a. 312.54 3.13 x 10
2
c. 0.00031254 3.13 x 10
-4

b. 31,254,000 3.13 x 10
7
d. 0.31254 3.13 x 10
-1


15. Perform each of the math operations and express the result to the correct number of significant figures.
a. 97.381 + 4.2502 + 0.99195 102.623
b. 4.184 x 100.62 x (25.27 24.16) 467
c. 9.025 - 9.024 x 100 (100 is exact) .01
9.025
d. 18.30 16.1 .068
32.5


Atomic Structure:

1. What are the symbols of the following elements: gold, silver, mercury, potassium, iron, antimony,
tungsten?
Gold: Au, silver: Ag, mercury: Hg, potassium: K, iron: Fe, antimony: Sb, tungsten: W
2. What are the symbols of the following nonmetals: fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine(Br), sulfur (S),
oxygen(O), phosphorous (P)?
Fluorine: F, chlorine: Cl, bromine: Br, sulfur: S, oxygen: O, phosphorus: P
3. Give the names of the metals that correspond to the following symbols: Sn, Pt, Co, Ni, Mg, Ba, K.
Sn: tin, Pt: platinum, Co: cobalt, Ni: nickel, Mg: magnesium, Ba: barium, K: potassium
4. List the noble gas elements. Which of the noble gases has only radioactive isotopes? (This situation is
indicated on most periodic tables by parentheses around the mass of the element.)
The noble gases are He (helium), Ne (neon), Ar (argon), Kr (krypton), Xe (xenon) and Rn (radon). All
isotopes of radon are radioactive.
5. In the periodic table how many elements are found in
a. The second period?
b. The third period?
c. The fourth period?
d. Group 5A ?
a. 8; b. 8; c. 18; d. 5
6. Give the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of each of the following atoms:
a.
238
Pu ___________
b.
65
Cu ___________
c.
52
Cr ___________
a. 94 p, 144 n; b. 29 p, 36 n; c. 24 p, 28 n;
d. 2 p, 2 n; e. 27 p, 33 n; f. 24 p, 30 n
d.
4
He ___________
e.
60
Co ___________
f.
54
Cr ___________

7. An atom has 9 protons and 10 neutrons in the nucleus. What is its symbol? _______
19

9
F________
8. What is the symbol for an ion with 63 protons, 60 electrons, and 88 neutrons? ______
15

63
Eu
3+
_____
9. What is the symbol of an ion with 16 protons, 18 neutrons, and 18 electrons? ______
34

16
S
2
______
10. Complete the following table:
Symbol
Number of protons
in nucleus
Number of neutrons
in nucleus Number of electrons Net charge
75

33
As
3+
33 42 30 e 3+
128

52
Te
2-
52 p 76 n 54 2-

32

16
S 16 16 16 0

204

81
Ti
+
, 81 123 80 e 1+
195

78
Pt 78 p 78 p 78 e 0

11. Classify the following elements as metals or nonmetals:
Mg ____ Si ____ Rn ____
Ti ____ Ge ____ Eu ____
Au ____ B ____ Am ____
Bi ____ At ____ Br ____

Metals: Mg, Ti, Au, Bi, Ge, Eu, Am; Nonmetals: Si, B, At, Rn, Br

12. The distinction between metals and nonmetals is really not a clear one. Some elements, called
metalloids, are intermediate in their properties. Which elements in question 11 would you reclassify as
metalloids? What other elements in the periodic table would you expect to be metalloids?
____________________________________________________________________________________
13. Which of the following sets of elements are all in the same group in the periodic table?
a. Fe, Ru, Os
b. Rh, Pd, Ag
c. Sn, As, S
d. Se, Te, Po
a & d
14. Would you expect each of the following atoms to gain of lose electrons when forming ions? What ion is
the most likely in each case?
a. Na ____
b. Sr ____
c. Ba ____
d. I ____
e. Al ____
f. S
a. lose, Na
+
; b. lose, Sr
2+;
c. lose, Ba
2+;
d. gain, I
-
; e. lose, Al
3+
; f. gain, S
2-


Mass-mole-molecule:
1. What amount (moles) are represented by each of these samples?
a. 150.0g Fe
2
O
3


b. 10.0mg NO
2


c. 1.5 x 10
16
molecules of BF
3


2. How many moles are in 1.0g of NH
3
?


3. How many molecules are present in 1.0g of NH
3
?

4. What volume does 85.5g of CO
2
occupy at STP?

Stoichiometry and limiting reactants
1. Benzene contains only carbon and hydrogen and has a molar mass of 78.1 g/mol. Analysis shows the
compound to be 7.74% H by mass. Find the empirical formula and molecular formulas of benzene. (MF = C
6
H
6
)

2. A compound contains 18.8% sodium, 29.0% chlorine, and 52.2% oxygen, by mass. If the molar mass of the
compound is 122.44 g/mol, determine the empirical and molecular formulas. (NaClO
4
)

3. If 4.04g of N combine with 11.46g O to produce a compound with a formula mass of 108.0 amu, what is the
molecular formula of this compound? (N
2
O
5
)
4. Find the mass percent of nitrogen in each of the following compounds:
a. NO (46.7%) b. NO
2
(30.4%) c. N
2
O
4
(30.4%)

d. N
2
O(63.6%)
5. When ammonia gas, oxygen gas and methane gas (CH
4
) are combined, the products are hydrogen cyanide and
water.
a. Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
b. Calculate the mass of each product produced when 225g of oxygen gas is reacted with an excess of the
other two reactants. (126.6g HCN, 253.1g H
2
O)
c. How many molecules of water are produced?
d. If the actual yield of the experiment in b) is 106 g of HCN, calculate the percent yield.
6. Hydrogen gas and bromine gas react to form hydrogen bromide gas.
a. Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
b. How many grams of hydrogen bromide gas can be produced from 3.2 g of hydrogen and 9.5 g of
bromine gas? (9.67g HBr)
c. What is the limiting reactant?__________
d. What volume of HBr, measured at STP is produced in b)? (2.68L)

7. When copper (II) chloride reacts with sodium nitrate, copper (II) nitrate and sodium chloride are formed.
write the balanced equation for the reaction given above:
a. If 15 grams of copper (II) chloride react with 20 grams of sodium nitrate, how much sodium chloride
can be formed? (13.0g)
b. What is the limiting reactant for the reaction ? __________________
c. How many grams of copper(II) nitrate is formed?
d. How much of the excess reactant is left over in this reaction?(0.88g)
e. If 11.3 grams of sodium chloride are formed in the reaction described above, what is the percent yield
of this reaction?(86.9%)