1

Question No 16:
As a Resident Engineer supervising a construction work, how do you monitor and control a
project? (40 marks)

Monitoring and controlling are processes required to track, review and regulate the progress and
performance of the project.
By monitoring and controlling the project performance is observed and measured regularly and
consistently to identify variances from the project management plan
To monitor Project Objectives & Triple Constraints :
Performance to complete scopes of the project
Time
Cost
And Quality
Monitoring collecting , measuring & distributing performance information . Assessing measurement &
trends for process improvement
Controlling determine corrective or preventive action or preplanning & following up actions to resolve
performance issue (to align with the expected project performance)
Monitoring & Control Project Work Process is concerned with:
Comparing actual project performance vs the PMP
Assessing performance any corrective/ preventive action need to be done
4 marks
4 aspects of project to be monitored and controlled
1) Performance- Scope Control
Monitoring status of the project and managing changes to work program
Activities:
Work performance measurements variance analysis
Change requests need client approval. Avoid implementing unapproved changes.
2

Project Management Plan (Programs) updates with all approved changes
Project document updates updating drawings due to changes done
Outputs:
Work performance measurements
Change requests
Project management plans
Projects documents updates
8 marks
2) Time- schedule
Technical difficulties take longer than planned to solve
Initial time estimate is not enough
Task sequencing is incorrect incorrect timing
Required inputs of matl, personnel, machineries are unavailable when needed idling & wasting
of time require extra time
Client want changes and need rework
New Government regulation
Monitoring status of the project to update project progress and managing changes to the schedule
baseline
Activities:
Work performance measurements
Change requests thru approved process
Project Management plan updates
Project document updates
Outputs:
Work performance measurements
Change requests
3

Project management plans
Projects documents updates
Cost:-aspects that may increase project cost!
Technical difficulties requires more resources
Scope of work increase - VO
Tender price too low -
Reporting is poor or untimely
Budgeting is inadequate working capital is not enough !
Price of materials increase
8 marks

3. Control Costs
Monitoring and controlling status of the project - update the project budget - managing changes to the
cost baseline
Activities
Ensuring all change requests - approved by the client - do not proceed unapproved changes
inform client all cost implication on changes made
Ensuring that cost expenditure do not exceed permissible values
Monitoring cost performance, understand variance check std or previous projects
Monitoring work completed against expenditure compare cost between cost in BQ to actual
cost spent !
Taking action to ensure cost overrun within acceptable limit
Outputs:
Work performance measurements check progress report
Budget forecasts & actual expenditure
Change requests
Project management plans
4

- cost performance baseline & cost
management plan
Projects documents updates
8 marks

4) Quality Control
Quality ?
Quality Control depends upon the control of construction itself
Quality of finished product is responsibilities of Designer (Consultants) and Contractors
Responsibilities of all participants RE, COW, Supervisors, Skilled Workers, Workers - right
attitude - let them proud with their work !
Good design + good materials & workmanship
= Quality product
Quality Control
Inspection of work quality at every part of the work
Selecting samples of matl to be used sizes, appearances, testing the samples
Testing materials and workmanship at every stage of construction to make sure the work meets
requirements of the drawings and specifications
For big project they have a Quality Control Officer
Contractor to have A Program of Quality Control
ISO 9000/9001
Monitoring and recording results of executing the quality activities to assess performance and
recommend necessary changes
Activities:
Perform Quality Control throughout the project
Quality control = plan quality - perform quality control - perform quality assurance
Identify causes of poor process recommend and/or take action to eliminate them
5

Quality Assurance = process of auditing the quality requirements based on results of the Quality Control
measurement to
ensure Quality Standard.
Perform Quality Control
Outputs
Quality control measurement
Validated changes
Project Management plan updates
Project document updates
8 marks

Monitoring and Controlling is done by:
Progress Reports reporting progress
Site meetings check & monitor progress, time, cost & quality
Technical meetings
Regular site visits by the project team to work sites
4 marks