Presentation at DMY Berlin

www.krishanjagota.
com
SOCIAL DESIGN
WASTE
DMY Berlin 14

Krishan Jagota

Industrial Designer
INDIA

www.krishanjagota.com
Tempelhof Airport Hall Solid Waste Management Dumpset
Behrampura, Ahmedabad
Guide : Bhaskar Bhatt Krishan Jagota
National Institute of Design
Paldi, Ahmedabad
Solid Waste Management Dumpset
Paldi, Ahmedabad
Paldi, Ahmedabad
X 2 =
3500 metric tonnes of
garbage in
500 trucks
PER DAY
Could anyone possibly work here?
Could anyone possibly work here?
One of the highest places in Ahmedabad
LOWEST LEVEL OF WORK
About 200 rag pickers
searching for plastic
bottles, packets, pouches,
metal, hair, tins, wood,
glass, rubber etc,
to earn a living!
Mr. Malik,
Supervisor, AMC
No one allowed up, but we allow for sake of humanity

Rag pickers come in 2 slots, 6Am-2PM and 2PM-8PM.

Have food there only, without washing

No health issues, IMMUNE

Most are Bangladeshi Immigrants, living in Chandola

Pregnant Ladies and Children also work

Some come at night too!

Climbing the mountain
Observations
Observations
They are busy and in a hurry!

Wrong place to sit and talk!

Many are old, and dont speak in hindi!

Must find their home!

Bangla Vaas, Chandola
Bangla Vaas, Chandola
Initially people are apprehensive and lie about their work
and place of origin

Until one of them understands me, and makes them trust
on me
Mohd. Akhtar Age : 15
Walking till the dump is a task. By the
time he reaches, hes already tired!
10 malleh ki building
ke jaisa hai
Heat during the day troubles them, so they
hate covering their faces while working!
Mohd. Irfan Age : 17
Ghutan hota hai!
No drinking water available. Takes half an hour
to go down, have water, and come back
Mohd. Zubair and friends
Bhaiya, ek tanker lagva do!
Garbage on fire at certain places, causes burns!
Mohd. Iqbal
Masti kar raha tha,
Dekha nahi, peeche aag thi!
No place to rest, they sleep there, eat there, and
use the place as toilet too
Kids cant lift heavy loads, pick hair!
Nails and glass penetrate shoes, hurt!
Focus group Photograph!
Mohd. Zubair takes me to dumpyard the following day.
I walk up the dump with him this time,
Takes 20 mins to reach the top!
Walking up the dump
We meet and talk to some ladies in Bangla, thanks to
Zubair bhai
I hurt my leg 2 months back, no treatment as yet
A 45 year old lady

We all suffer from acute back pains, hands ache.
A 35 year old lady (looks 55)

So much of hard work, using bare hands, I earn just Rs.100 a day.
A 50 year old lady

An interview with JCB drivers.
People get injured in
front of tractors.
Tractor driver, working
since 20 years

An interview with JCB drivers.
They eat food in
such unhygienic
conditions.
Another driver,
Working since 8
years

A visit to a nearby company, that employees people for
similar tasks.

They provide masks, caps and
boots to employees, but only few
of them wear. They feel
suffocated!

No proper tool used by employees

We provide all safety equipments, take safety measures, get regular medical
checkups done, but these people dont wear masks as they are used to work
without them
-Mr. Ashish
HR Admin, UPL DJAI POWER LTD
Hygeine problems no masks/caps used
Problem of drinking water
Eating food in unhygienic condition
No toilet
Cold and cough, Acidity problem
Injuries on the feet (nails, glass
penetrate soles)
Segregating garbage from dump
Meagre daily income forcing to work for
longer hours
Persistent acute pain in hands and back
(old ladies) due to lifting of garbage
Carrying garbage over shoulder
Some workers walking on walls of
dump, as if trekking, susceptible to fall
Fire in the garbage
Pregnant ladies working
Child Safety
Climbing the dumpset difficult and
tiring
Pedals difficult to drive
Heat because of Sun during daytime
Children lifting loads
Sleeping shelter problem
People working at night time
Fighting over TAAZA vs BAASA
Working in rainy season
Muddy environment, hampers vision
Kids eating Gutkha because of smell
Concerns and Opportunities
Product Design Intervention?
Footwear Trolley Handheld tool
Storage bag Gloves Mask Drinking
water carrier Toilet facility Shelter
Fireproof clothing Heat resistent caps
Smell nullifier Light for night Medical
facility Glasses for eyes Food storage

Analysis of existing tool
Made in Narol and Ehsanpur (20Rs. Per kg)
Carry in hand (Length varies from 30cm to 60cm)
Hurts hand while digging
Hands get swollen after long term use
In cycle, tie on carrier
Plastic handle from dump, or cloth from garbage.
Main tasks of user
Segregate Pick Carry
Involves bending and
getting up more than 50
TIMES PER KG, MULTIPLIED
BY 30 KG TO 50 KG, equates
to

1500 to 2500 times per day
Design Brief
I am going to design a hand held tool for 200 rag
pickers (age 14 and above) in SWM dumpset to help
them segregate, pick and carry desired objects from
dump, during day time, keeping in mind their safety
amidst the nature of dump, working conditions and
number of working hours so as to reduce their efforts
and increase efficiency by rendering them more
productive.
Proposed design direction
Keeping in mind the weight of material, construct and
test various hand held tools, and keep getting back to
the dumpyard.

Experiment with materials, that can be replicated
easily by the target user group.

Secondary research on hand tools and ergonomics.

Phase 2
Scenario
Scenario
Scenario
Scenario
Scenario
ERGONOMIC STUDY
Hand Grips
Standing/bending Postures
NEUTRAL
NEUTRAL
RADIAL
DEVIATION
FLEXION
ULNAR
DEVIATION
PINCH
NEUTRAL
NEUTRAL
RADIAL
DEVIATION
FLEXION
ULNAR
DEVIATION
PINCH
ERGONOMIC STUDY
IDEAL HAND GRIPS
ERGONOMIC STUDY
Existing tool
POSSIBLE CHANGES IN HANDLE
FUNCTIONS
SEGREGATE, PICK AND CARRY
CONCEPTS - TOOL END
CONCEPTS - TOOL END
CONCEPTS - TOOL END
CONCEPTS - TOOL END
CONCEPTS - TOOL END
CONCEPTS - TOOL END
CONCEPTS - MECHANISM
PVC ROD 16MM PVC PIPE 17MM
CYCLE BRAKE FROM
WORKSHOP WASTE
HANDLE FROM MARKET (RS. 30)
2 hands
2 hands
WHILE SITTING
TEMPORARY SITTING
CUM STORAGE
ELBOWS CLOSE
TO THE BODY
MULTIPURPOSE TIP
1 2
3 4
+
Selected concept
Phase 3
Asking for too much!

Observation : No one wants to use the tool

A. TOO BIG
B. Current tool easier to manage and carry
C. Not of much use in a hurry

Single Handed tool required

Main task should be to lessen the load
caused by the tool on the person, so
as to allow easy maneuvering.

-Mohd Zubair
Single Hand Operation
<---------------------2.5 ft----------------------->
Hand in Neutral position
Weight distribution on arm
Render
Prototype
Testing
Testing
Observations
Issues

Hook comes off
Loose Handle
Velcro gets dirty
Brittle
Grip not obvious
Positives

Light weight
Less bending
Easier to carry

Opportunity to improve
The tool should be
a single material
to make it durable
Sketches
Renders
Prototype
HS PVC Coating
Refined Prototype
Variation in elbow size

Tool not apt for all users
Sketches
UPVC pipe (bends, but brittle)
Aluminium (Light weight, strong,
but cant bend, also expensive)
UPVC
UPVC
Aluminium
MS Pipe
RFS Coating
Ideal Size
Testing again?
Final Product : Cane and Bamboo

Cheap
Sturdy
Fire resistant
Easy to replicate and custom made
No Industry Intervention required
Easy to clean, store and manage
Next steps?
Thanks

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