Water pollution is a large set of adverse effects upon water bodies such as lakes,

rivers, oceans, and groundwater caused by human activities. Although natural phenomena
such as volcanoes, algae blooms, storms, and earthquakes also cause major changes in
water quality and the ecological status of water, water is only called polluted when it is
not able to be used for what one wants it to be used for. There are many impacts of water
pollution.
Firstly, water pollution affects our health. t is a well!known fact that clean water
is absolutely essential for healthy living. "ufficient supply of fresh and clean drinking
water is a basic need for all human beings on the earth. Freshwater resources all over the
world are threatened not only by over e#ploitation and poor management but also by
ecological degradation. The main source of freshwater pollution can be attributed to
discharge of untreated waste, dumping of industrial overflow, and run!off from
agricultural fields. ndustrial growth, urbani$ation and the increasing use of synthetic
organic substances have serious and adverse impacts on freshwater bodies. t is a
generally accepted fact that the developed countries suffer from problems of chemical
discharge into the water sources mainly groundwater. %eanwhile, developing countries
face problems of agricultural run!off in water sources. &olluted water like chemicals in
drinking water causes problem to health and leads to water!borne diseases which can be
prevented by taking measures can be taken even at the household level.
'esides that, marine pollution is the harmful effect caused by the entry into the
ocean of chemicals or particles. An associated problem is that many potentially to#ic
chemicals remain to tiny particles which are then taken up by plankton concentrating
upward within ocean food chains. 'ecause of most animal feeds contain high fish meal
and fish oil content, to#ins can be found a few weeks later in commonly consumed food
items such as meat, eggs, milk, butter and margarine. (ne common path of entry by
contaminants to the sea are rivers.
As we know, oil spill is a cause of water pollution. (il spill affected seabirds
severely. The oil makes the birds more vulnerable to temperature change and much less
floating in the water. t also impairs birds) flight abilities, making it difficult or
impossible to escape from predators. As a result, the birds have kidney damage, altered
liver function, and digestive tract irritation in attempt to survive. This causes dehydration
and metabolic imbalances too. %ost birds that are affected by an oil spill die unless there
is human involvement. The mammals e#posed to oil spills are affected in similar ways as
seabirds. (il coats the fur of sea otters and seals, reducing its insulation abilities and
leading to body temperature change and hypothermia. ngestion of the oil causes
dehydration and impaired digestion.