INTRODUCTION TO CIVIL LAW INTRODUCTION TO CIVIL LAW
SUGGESTED ANSWERS TO ESSAY QUIZ NO. 1: 1. Explain fully the principle of ignorance of the law excuses no one from compliance therewith. - Conclusive pesu!p"ion o# l$%& '$se( on e)pe(ienc* $s %ell $s pu'lic polic* $n( necessi"*. Wee i" no" #o "+is ule $l!os" eve*'o(* %oul( 'e $'le "o elieve +i!sel# o# $n* ci!in$l o civil li$'ili"* '* cl$i!in, +e is i,no$n" o# "+e l$%. T+e ule e#es onl* "o !is"$-es %i"+ e,$( "+e e)is"ence o# $ (o!es"ic l$% .$n( no" #oei,n l$%/ $n( no" "o !is"$-es %i"+ e,$( "+e $pplic$"ion o in"epe"$"ion o# $ (i##icul" o (ou'"#ul 0ues"ion o# l$% o %i"+ e,$( "o "+e e##ec" o# $ ce"$in con"$c" o "$ns$c"ion o !is"$-es o# #$c". 2. What are the exceptions to the rule that laws shall have no retroactive effect? $. W+en "+e l$% i"sel# e)pessl* povi(es #o i"s e"o$c"ivi"* '. W+en "+e l$% is pen$l inso#$ $s i" #$vos "+e $ccuse( %+o is no" $ +$'i"u$l ci!in$l c. W+en "+e l$% is poce(u$l so lon, $s i" (oes no" c+$n,e ves"e( i,+"s (. W+en "+e l$% ce$"es ne% su's"$n"ive i,+"s e. W+en "+e 1$% is cu$"ive in c+$$c"e #. W+en "+e 1$% is in"epe"$"ive o# o"+e l$%s ,. W+en "+e l$% is e!e,enc* in n$"ue un(e "+e police po%e o# "+e s"$"e 3. What are the exceptions to the rule that an act executed against provisions of mandatory or prohibitory laws shall be void? ive examples of each. $. W+ee "+e l$% i"sel# $u"+oi2es i"s v$li(i"* .s%eeps"$-es& 3$i-$l$i/ '. W+ee "+e l$% i"sel# $u"+oi2es i"s v$li(i"* 'u" punis+es "+e viol$"o .%i(o% %+o e!$ies 'e#oe "+e l$pse o# 455 ($*s $#"e "+e (e$"+ o# +e +us'$n( is li$'le "o ci!in$l posecu"ion& 'u" "+e !$i$,e i"sel# is v$li(/ c. W+ee "+e l$% !eel* !$-es "+e $c" voi($'le .!$i$,e cele'$"e( "+ou,+ violence o in"i!i($"ion/ (. W+ee "+e l$% (ecl$es "+e $c" $s voi(& 'u" eco,ni2es le,$l e##ec"s $s $isin, #o! i" .c+il(en o# voi( !$i$,es/ !. "ights may be waived. #n what cases may waiver be prohibited and declared null and void? $. W+en i" is con"$* "o l$%& pu'lic o(e& pu'lic polic*& !o$ls o ,oo( cus"o!s '. W+en i" is pe3u(ici$l "o $ 4 ( peson %i"+ $ i,+" eco,ni2e( '* l$% $. #n case of silence% obscurity or insufficiency of the law with respect to a particular controversy% what rules shall be applied? $. Cus"o! o# "+e pl$ce '. In (e#$ul" "+eeo#& "+e ,ene$l pinciples o# l$% $n( 3us"ice 6. What is meant by custom? & "+e 3ui(ic$l ule %+ic+ esul"s #o! $ cons"$n" LEM 9G03 LEM 9G03 INTRODUCTION TO CIVIL LAW INTRODUCTION TO CIVIL LAW $n( con"inue( uni#o! p$c"ice '* !e!'es o# $ soci$l co!!uni"*& %i"+ espec" "o $ p$"icul$ s"$"e o# #$c"s& $n( o'seve( %i"+ $ convic"ion "+$" i" is 3ui(ic$ll* o'li,$"o*. W+$" s+oul( #is" 'e es"$'lis+e( 'e#oe suc+ cus"o! coul( 'e consi(ee( $s $ souce o# i,+"7 - i" !us" 'e pove( $s $ #$c"& $cco(in, "o "+e ules o# evi(ence. T+e #$c" s+oul( +$ve "+e #ollo%in, e0uisi"es: 1- plu$li"* o# $c"s& 8- uni#o!i"* o# $c"s& 4- ,ene$l p$c"ice '* "+e ,e$" !$ss o# "+e people o# "+e coun"* o co!!uni"*& 9- con"inue( p$c"ice #o $ lon, peio( o# "i!e& :- ,ene$l convic"ion "+$" "+e p$c"ice is "+e pope ule o# con(uc"& 6- con#o!i"* %i"+ l$%& !o$ls& o pu'lic polic* '. (fter a devastating storm causing widespread destruction in four )entral *u+on provinces% the executive and legislative branches of the government agreed to enact a special law appropriating ,- billion for purposes of relief and rehabilitation for the provinces. #n view of the urgent nature of the legislative enactment% it is provided in its effectivity clause that it shall ta.e effect upon approval and after completion of publication in the /fficial a+ette and a newspaper of general circulation in the ,hilippines. 0he law was passed by the )ongress on 1uly -% -223% signed into law by the ,resident on 1uly 3% -223 and published in such newspaper of general circulation on 1uly '% -223 and in the /fficial a+ette on 1uly -3. -223. $. When did the law ta.e effect? Explain. & ;ul* 15& 1<<5 'ec$use i" %$s "+e "i!e "+$" pu'lic$"ion in "+e O##ici$l G$2e""e %$s co!ple"e( '. )an the executive branch start releasing and disbursing funds approved by said law the day following its approval? Explain. & No 'ec$use i" %$s no" e##ec"ive *e" 'ec$use i" s"ill nee(e( pu'lic$"ion in "+e O##ici$l G$2e""e $n( "+e ne%sp$pe o# ,ene$l cicul$"ion